www.ukrweekly.com imJUNIAN IBS English supplement of SVOBODA, Ukrainian daily, founded 1893. Dedicated to the needs and interests of young Americans of Ukrainian descent

No. 12 JERSEQ CITY, N. J., SATURDAY, MARCH 23,1940 VOL. VLU

CHICAGO TO BE SITE OF FOUR FRATERNAL SOCIETIES UYLlNA CONVENTION AGREE ON CONGRESS - Chicago will be the scene of the coming eighth annual conven- Will Jointly Convoke Ukrainian tion of the Ukrainian Youth's Congress at Washington League of North America, to be A marked advance in both membership and assets of held this coming Labor Day week- the Ukrainian National Association during the,past year, The four Ukrainian fraternal so- end, it was announced today by was the keynote of the reports given at the annual meeting cieties.in the United States agreed Michael Piznak, president of the last Saturday to jointly Convoke league. of the U.N,A. Supreme Executive Committee, held-this week an All-American - Ukrainian - Con- The last convention of -the at the association's home office.. gress, to -be held in Washington, Friday,'May 24, 1940. League had scheduled the coming All the twenty members of the Supreme Executive Com- convention to be held in Toronto, This decision, coming after with the.provision that if war con- mittee stressed that the marked increase in members is . months of protracted negotiations, ditions there interfered, then the mainly due to the awakened interest among the younger was,announced,last Wednesdaj^^w; league executive board was to Ukrainian-American generation in the organization. More representatives of the "Big Four," select a different site. Dr. Anthony namely, the Ukrainian National Wachna of Windsor, Ontario, who and more of our young people are beginning to appreciate Association (Home Office—Jersey at the last convention extended the the great worth of the U.N.A. to Ukrainian-American life City), the Ukrainian Workingmen's league an invitation to bring the Assoctetion^, (Scranton), the JS^EK coming convention to Toronto, re- and to them personally as welL This.is best illustrated by vidence Association , of Ukrainian cently notified the League that on the number of U.N.A. youth branches that have arisen dur- Catholics of America (PWladei- account of the war'Toronto would ing the past year and by the unprecedented activity of-the phia) and tliesUkrainiau. National be unable to act as host to the Aid Associationv(Pittsburgh). convention - this year. Consequent' youth in U.N.A. ranks. The purpose of the JPl-Ameri- ly, the league executive board had I can-Ukrainian Congress will be to to pick another.site for the con- manifest the inalienable right of vention. After deliberating on this Such unceasing growth in membership and assets fur- the Ukrainian nation to . freedom question at several meetings, it ther strengthened during the past year the position of ;the and independence and to. organize filially decided upon. Chicago. U.N.A. as the leading Ukrainian organization on this side Ukrainian-^merican support for In selecting Chicago, the league of the Atlantic. And as always, it has exercised, this. lead- the creation of an independent and democratic Ukrainian State, the officers were motivated by the. con- ership not only to promote the welfare of Ukrainians in sideration that the league is a na- : announcement of the ^our organ- tional organization, and therefore America but also of their oppressed kinsmen in enslaved izatlons declared. some of its conventions should' be and war-torn Ukraine. Its support of the .movement to es- In convoking and sponsoring-the congress, 'the four fraternal so- held in the Middle West as well, tablish a free and independent state of Ukraine, it.was . particularly in Chicago, the birth- cieties will invite fthe cooperation place of 1 the league, which is cen- pointed-out by President Nicholas Muraszko in his opening of all other Ukrainian-American trally located in that section of the report, is only a manifestation of its abhorrence of all-forms national; organizations which agree to: indorse the.potiticalplatform of country and is easy to reach by of despotism and oppression, whether they be "tsarist, dic- train, bus or plane, even from the the,congress as drawn .up by re- East, mm . tatorial, Russian, Polish, Hungarian, Rumanian or German." presentaUvesr/ntthe "Big Fear." The U.N.A. has always stood for freedom and democracy, he These representatives at pres- - said, and has demonstrated.its support of these principles ent comprise tb^ijgongress SHANGHAI WOMAN URGES mittee. In time -they :will YOUTH TO STUDY in innumerable ways. tbe core of -the Congress Cour UKRAINIAN Turning next in his report to the business affairs of the which vwijl include two : represer. tatives ^apiece from the others "Tell your young Ukrainian- organization, Mr. "Muraszko pointed-out that although the tional organizations that will jc Americans that by all means they past year was in many respects a trying one for business, the "Big Four" in sponsoring the should study the Ukrainian lan- the U.N.A. emerged from it stronger than ever. At the close congress. The proposed Council guage, for without it they will be i will meet in the near future ifer deprived of some of the richest of 1939, he revealed, the U.N.A. had ^160,000 invested ih the purpose of drawing up plans elements of their Ukrainian cul- U.S. Government bonds, $115,000 in U.S. Possessions (Philli- for the congress. tural and national heritage," was pines) bonds, $35,000 in Dominion of Canada bonds, $40,000. The platform .for the coming the earnest message the Ukrainian congress, Redrawn up by.the.re- Weekly was. asked to convey to in state bonds, $16,000 in county bonds, $597,326:57 in presentatives of tbe "Big Four?', young Americans of Ukrainian municipal bonds, $601,000 in public utilities bonds, and. $20,- and published last Thursday Jn descent by Mrs. Melnyk, a Ukrainv 000 in railroad bonds. "Svoboda" and otherffUkramian ian from Shanghai, China, who language press, is constructed on together' with her husband and 4- In 1939, he further revealed, the U:N.A.invested^$205,- the ba8ic-premise-that of^I'peo- year-old son visited the Svoboda 406.14 in 37 mortgages, of which 27, totalling $132;131.'34 ple of Ukrainian nationality, only - and the Ukrainian National As- were F. H. A. guaranteed, while the remaining 10 amounted those living here in America rare sociation offices last Tuesday. able today to freely and openly. ad- The are now returning home- to $73,275.00. Altogether at the dose of 1939 the U.N.A. vocate and champion the. cause of ward from a brief tour of America. had 119 F.H.A. mortgages totalling $601,622.14, and ,118 Ukrainian national freedom for, Mr. Melnyk is employed in Shan- other mortgage loans amounting to $938,617:46. freedom is non-existent in. Ukraine ghai in the custom service. Both under Soviet, Nazi, Rumanian and he and his wife are residents of fflllReal estate holdings ("Society's property"),of the as- Hungarian misrule, and throughout China since the. World War. Ori- sociation amount to $1,110,702.51. During the past year war-torn Europe in general. ginally they lived in the "Zeleny they brought a rental income of 14.5^?. One of the chief planks oft this Klyn" (Greenjj Wedge) region in platform; is that bolshevism, ?fas- ' Manchukuo, which contains about Real estate held by the U.N.A. under assignment of oism, and nazism are alien-totthe 750,000 Ukrainians. rents brought in 1939 a rental amounting to 17.33cfo. j Ukrainian people and their demo- Mr. Melnyk revealed that there Altogether the U.N.A. collected in rents during the .cratiCi traditions, and - pernicious in is quite a number of Ukrainians respect to.the further progress of living in Shanghai and that they past year $204,000. Sg the. Ukrainian, people. are organized in the "Ukrainska Mr. Muraszko next recounted the part.played by the; . As a result of the agreement Hromada." Under.auspices of this U.N.A. in the negotiations among the four "Ukrainian among the ^gag Fovnr^^yuy'3OU1^^ organization, they conduct various sponsor the congress, all previous Ukrainian activities, including ex- fraternal societies for the purpose of establishing among actioror particularly that of 'the. ercises commemorating - Ukrain- them some manner of cooperation whose aim would be to "Obyednanye," which convoked'the ian historical dates. - advance Ukrainian interests both here in America and congress originally, automatically ' The couple speak Ukrainian, comes to.an ej^MjflllffwMer-- English and Chinese. abroad, especially to aid the movement for the establish- preparations for the congress .-wJS(i . ment of a free Ukraine. He announced that last. Saturday now rest upon the four ^fraternal the 'lpSg Four" had finally come to an agreement in respect societies and the. other natwnajLor- RECOUNTS EXPERIENCES ganizations that Join them in this to sponsoring the coming All-American-Ukrainian Congress. undertaking. "This is strictly in,. DURING NAZI INVASION N Frank Makar, aged 26, Ukrain- accordance with the explicit wishef Next to give his report was Gregory Herman, of Wilkes the '''Obyednauyfc" itself and of ian, of 344"Randolph St, Youngs- those national organizations that town, Ohio, recently returned from -Barre,-Pa., Vice-President and Athletic Director of the U. associated themseives with .rt in Western Ukraine and was reported N. A. He reported steady progress in the -!U;N.A. sport by a local paper of having been the original action leading' toward activities. Commenting on the problems connected with the the congress, as expressed in form trapped in a house for three days of a resolution passed at their con- during the /German "blitzkrieg" oh U.N.A. sports program, Mr. Herman declared that the U.N.A. ference in^ehiladelphia on Febru- Poland last September. has assumed the duty of character-building, toward its young Arriving in Youngstown after ary:24th.m-. . MS crossing the Atlantic on the Amer- members. He recommended the continuance of sports by ican liner Manhattan.' which left the association along present lines and its encouragement Genoa, Italy, February 12, Makar among the young boys in the Juvenile Department. Finally Makar said the German troops was greeted by friends, and re- were , welcomed heartily 'OTpboth, latives, the paper reports, whom he introduced the subject of creating summer camps for the;Pohsh and Ukrainian peasants. he told he had only bread and U.N.A; youth, preparatory to its formal'introduction at the He attributed tbe wdcome to - mis- -water twice in nine days, and U.N,A. Convention in 1941. treatment and the high ? taxes to how he was put into prison as a which the people had been sub- suspected spy. jected. Wk ILLI (Continued on page 4). The memory of Shevchenko is friends insisted, and he gave in. SHEVCHENKO IN TSARIST alive in the hearts of the Ukrain- His writings attracted the atten- ian people, from the heights of its tion of the vigilant authorities." 'intelligentsia' to the lowest strata. When he returned to his native mm RUSSIAN PRESS mM His grave became a place of pil- place, he joined a political society grimage; bis ideals became the whose aim was to liberate all Slav foundation of the Ukrainian Na- nation's, above all his own Ukraine, (Note: — Although czarist Russia works, not only because he served tionalist movement. and to establish a republican form never ceased persecuting Taras Shev- his people with his songs, fought Below we give some biographical of government. chenko during his lifetime or his for their rights... He was a na- data culled from an. article in the "For this, he, together with memory after his death, still there Byetch, of St. Petersburg. other members of -the society, was were many Russians, some of them tional poet because he not only even of the nobility, who recognized served his people, but also led "Taras Shevchenko was born, arrested in 1847, taken to St. Pe- Shevchenko's greatness and who were them, and raised them to a higher 1814 in the village^ of Morintzi. tersburg and confined in the fort- proudKro be known as his friends. level... He is a national poet be- province 'mgKiev, in the family of ress of St. Peter'.and Paul After In this connection It is interesting to cause by the power of his creative poor serfs belonging to a noble- three years' service he was ar- recall' the year 1914—the centenary genius he elevated the language of man ... His early knowledge of rested again' and sent, this time as of Shevchenko's birth. Although that the people to the heights of na- reading and writing,—even before a 'political offender,' to a remote year the Russian government banned tional literature, he communicated he was ten years he could read the fortress off the bare eastern shore all demonstrations honoring Shevchen- to it all the features and all the Psalter very expressively, — was Of the Caspian Sea, where he was ko, yet this did not deter many liberal force of literary expression. And one of the circumstances which kept in strict - isolation. Many Russians as well as Russian Journals he did all this without breaking prevented the young poet from be- months passed, sometimes a whole from ng and writing highly of with bis people, without abandon- ihg drowned in the. mass of serf- year, without his getting any com- e Review of Reviews of June, dom... In his sixteenth year Taras munication from the outside world. I. 49, pages 739—40) con- ning them.'^lf: ) such Russian press com- Before the appearance of Shev- was dressed up as a page and be- He remained there for over seven n Shevchenko. Below we chenko "a spirit of desolation" gan to wander with his nomadic years. In 1858 he was allowed to s article in its entirety.! reigned- in his' beautiful mother proprietor in the capacity of an er- return to St. Petersburg and live country, continues the writer in rand-boy. Within three years he under police surveillance. He could rFHE national poet of Ukraine, the Moscow journal. was in Kiev, Warsaw, Vilna, and hardly be recognized. "From a ^ Taras Shevchenko, was born in "The Ukrainian nation was left finally, in 1832, he was apprenticed young-man of thirty-three, healthy, 1814. His countrymen, the Ukrain- to its fate by its educated classes.' to "Guild Master of Painting vigorous, cheerful, with a mass of ians, had planned to celebrate this These classes became Polonized in Shiryaev," that he might learn "to blond hair on his beautiful head, year the centenary of the birth of that part of Ukraine which lay to paint the portraits of his master's he turned into a decrepit old man this man who did so much for their the right of the Dnieper, and those family.. This painter was not su- with a gray beard, bald head and nationality^ The Czar's govern- perior to the teachers he had be- broken health." He continued to to the left t were completely RussU ment, however, has forbidden any fied, having severed all intellectual fore. But the years of travel and write even then. But he did not celebration, knowing well how much and moral bonds with their peo- four-years' stay at the capitol un- live long and died in 1861, three such commemoration would revive ple. Only in small circles of 'in- doubtedly gave the inquisitive years after his return from exile." the nationalistic liberty loving telligentsia' in the eastern part of youth, besides the much-liked work spirit off the Ukrainians. The place Ukraine was the fire of national of drawing, many observations and the dead poet holds in the hearts life kept burning... When Shev- strong impressiops. Hardly two of his people is shown by the frank chenko came he brought the peo- years passed, and the young paint- UKRAINIAN WHEAT GROWN words of the leading liberal jour- ple and the educated classes to- er was bought out. In 1838 Taras IN MIDDLE WEST nal of Moscow, the Russkiya Vye- gether in the common cause of became a free man, and entered demosti: the Academy of Arts, from which A historical movie short taken liberating Ukraine from the yoke he graduated with honors in 1844." from the diary of-Mark Carleton, "Shevchenko was a man whom of serfdom." government wheat expert of two fate,-^jii the' words of one of his The cult of liberty and the wel- Even before this Shevchenko had generations ago, reveals that the poems, — compelled to 'read all fare of his people,—these are the become known as a Ukrainian poet, American, wheat was sensitive..to life's dark pages...' The life of basic elements of the poetry of —after the publication in 1840 of drastic changes in weather and so the Ukrainian poet... now seems Shevchenko. a collection of poems under the millions of acres were often ruin- a sacrifice brought on the altar, of "His ideal is free humanity which title of "Kobzar," and in 1842 of ed by plagues, droughts, etc. freedom for his people. This alone knows not hostility, violence, and an historical, poem "Haydamaki." In his travels abroad, he came was sufficient to make Shevchen- degradation, which is guided in its- "He was a man of decidedly across a hard wheat which could jraj^a national hero... But fate life by the moral law... The ideal' liberal tendencies. The life of mil- withstand all these elements. This gave wot' the power and the pos- of Shevchenko is the Kingdom of lions of serfs, among whom were wheat he found in Kuban Region sibility of not only becoming the God on earth, which neither we nor his own brothers and sister, in- of Ukraine and introduced it 'to hero of his nation, but also its our grandchildren will see, but spired him with a feeling of hatred America under the name of Ku- creator... Shevchenko was a na- without which life would be poor of the political regime in Russia, banka Wheat. Today millions of tional poet not only by the form and colorless, and human thought and' this feeling was strongly re- acres in the American middle west and substance of his numerous would fade." flected in his poems. But his raise this hardy Ukrainian wheat.

UKRAINIAN MOUNTAINS The Ukrainian Carpathians extend from the defile of the Poprad' river, in the west, to the UKRAlMf HER LOCATION AND SIZE The characteristic features of Ukrainian Prislop pass, which connects the valleys of the 1 (i) landscape;'tfre its immensity coupled with little Golden Bistritsya and the Visheva (Visso), on change in the scenery. There is a unformity so the east Thus the highest and the most de- IVB^nfil find Ukraine on the map of Europe peculiar for Eastern Europe, though not to the veloped section of the Carpathians, the so-called occupying the southern portion of Eastern extent peculiar to Great Russia. There are in Wooded Carpathians, lies within the Ukrainian Europe, situated' on the Black Sea. Encircling Ukraine landscapes of high and central chains territory. ii$B; that sea in the north, it constitutes, its northern of mountains, picturesque hill and richly cut hinterland, and is he only country of Eastern plateaus, marshy plains and steppes with bar- The Carpathians of the Lemkoes Europe which can be reached from the Mediter- rows—a' great variety of surface configuration, ranean Sea. but not on a scale typical of Western or Cen- The western part Of the Ukrainian Car- ^ Ukraine extends from 430 to 54s north tral Europe. pathians is called the Low Beskid. It is also latitude and from 21" to 50o east longitude called the Lemko Beskid, after the Ukrainian from Greenwich "From the foot of the Tatra Three mountain systems of the European mountain tribe of the Lemkoes, which has in- Mountains, from the sunny Hegyaiia and cloud- continent touch the ethnographic territory of habited that mountain group for centuries. wreathed Chornohora, from' the silver-rippled Ukraine: across its southwestern corner pass the ridges of the Carpathian mountains, rising The Low Beskid extends westerly to -the San, from the dark ,virgin forest of Bilovezha valleys Of the Strviazh River, the Oslava (Lup- and the immense swamps of Polisye, to the delta in some peaks to the height of over 6000 feet; on the Crimean peninsula rises the wall of the Yaila ktv) Pass, and the Laborets'. It is composed of' of the Danube, to the Black Sea, to the gigantic broad-backed, not high mountains, - grouped into Caucasus and the Caspian sea. extends Ukraine." chain; and in southeastern region, between the Black and Caspean seas, rise the Caucasus. The long chains, gently undulating ridges, running From the dawn of the historical life of from west to east and southeast. The slopes Eastern Europe, for one thousand two hun- Carpathians, the Yaila, and the Caucasus con- stitute immovable boundary-wall, marking the are so gentle that numerous cart-roads lead dred years, have the Ukrainian race resided in over the crests and along the edge of the crest. this region and preserved its boundaries against southern borders, of Ukraine. the merciless onslaughts of neighboring nations Outside of these mountains Ukraine is all High peaks occur only in the extreme west, and peoples rolling over the'country across its a conglomeration of plateaus and plains, taking reaching to the height of over 3000 feet; further naturally unprotected frontiers. up more than nine-tenth of the surface of the to the east they are hardly 2000 or 2600 feet Though in many respects a characteristically land. "Nine-tenths of the Ukrainians," says high. The important Dukla Pass is hardly 1,600 Eastern' European country, Ukraine still oc- Prof. Stephen Rudnitsky in his "Geography of feet above the sea-level. - The peaks are rounded. cupies within Eastern Europe a unique position, Ukraine," "have certainly never seen a mountain Between gently sloping ranges there extend val- differentiating it from the other natural units, and do not even know what one looks like." leys with watersheds and passes. such as Great Russia, Northern Russia, the What they call a mountain is often an insigni- This mountain country is built up of strong- Urals, White Russia, and the Baltic regions. ficant hilt ly plicate and compressed Flysch, a series of sandstones, slates, conglomerates, days, etc. of Its territory constitutes a transition from Of the Caucasus only a small, western, part Eastern Europe, on the one hand, to Central the Cretaceous and Tertiary ages. The basic is within the Ukrainian territory. The chain mountain ridge is covered with a thick coat of and Southern Europe, and to Asia, on the other. attains an Alpine height. It lies on the shortest land route leading from weathering loam; rock piles are found seldom. Western Europe to Central Asia and India. The Yaila chain is altogether very short, The mountains have been evened out by the Taken as an independent geographic unit, and known for its scenery. But it is the Car- destructive action of water and air into a more the Ukrainian territory above circumscribed em- pathians, though not as high as the Causasus or less perfect plain. braces the surface of 330,000. square miles. and not so beautiful as the Yaila, that are the The Low Beskid was once covered with great This is approximately equal to the sum dearest to the heart of the Ukrainian, probably mixed forest, now completely depleted, with total of the areas of New England states and because the Ukrainian race has been in posses- tragic effects for the poor mountain country. all the states of the Atlantic seaboard as far sion of these moutains for more than a thou- The fertile soil was washed away on the moun- sand years, while it reached the.Caucasus and south as Georgia. ,:. tain-sides and heaped up with rubble and mud According to European standards,'it is one the Yaila only within the last century. in the valley bottoms. Hence the tribe of the of the larger countries of Europe, being one On the entire chain of the Carpathians only Lemkoes is the poorest of all the Ukrainians and one half times as large. as France, over one third lies within the Ukrainian national and is compelled to seek existence in distant three times as large as the United Kingdom. Of territory, the westerly section being populated countries. They are the oldest Ukrainian im- all the European races, only the Great Russians by Poles and Slovaks, the part to the east and migrant to America. have a larger compact national territory. southeast by the Rumanians. (To be continued) er and students, and everybody HOWILMRNED ENGLISH seemed full of friendly smiles. Then A BUKOVINIAN SPEAKS my escorts talked about me, in fjCwncluded) response to which the whole class J (2)1 IlfHEN I was fifteen years old,, was being registered. And I could looked at me from head to foot fYVER a midday meal in his farm-' the English language was so sjlflf'too, by the way they smiled with curiosity and a little bewild- " house—with meat on the menu strange and so difficult, yet so fas- and nodded their heads that they erment. Some were "modest, and because it was not worth taking cinating as well as necessary to were even glad to have meS those smiled and pretended to look pigs to market any more—I put me, that learning it was an extra- though that they were wonder- at something else at the same'time; to that couple my last question. ordinary experience.. You will say, fully kind and courageous people. but others gazed at me-with open "What are the problems which, perhaps, that this was my private Help From Students mouths. Then one long-legged first and foremost, interest the affair, like learning tap-dancing or fourteen-year-old boy with bony peasants of the Bukovina today?" sewing and so could not affect or Some of the students always shoulders and tousled hair stared It was the wife who answered. reflect anybody else. On the con- stopped for me on the way to at my escorts then at me and "First, the question of free cul- trary, it was a very social job; for school and brought me home as after a brief pause of deliberation, tural development for those of us I learned English in a public high well. Sometimes they came -in a jerked his legs from under the who are of Ukrainian race, parti- school.in Lawrence, Kansas, where car and took me for extra rides desk. Up into the air went his cularly in the sphere of education, many students, singly and in after school. They shared their right foot, as if aimed at a ball, and a share in the government of groups, volunteered to help teach lunches with me, and'their sweets. .and he shouted, pointing sharply, the province. Ipe shall not rest' me. The regular high-school teach- They constantly showed and ex- FOOT! WelliSlhe emphasis and until our loam schools which the ers also taught me in their classes plained things to me, talking slow- the action of that lesson stunned Rumanians have closed are reopen - and in ? their homes. Thus the ly and in correct tones, although me into learning the word. ed and our children once more whole school and the community as a matter of fact, it was really Really, though, I did not have taught by their own teachers and were responsible for my learning more interesting for me to listen difficult lessons like that all the in their own language. Secondly, English. I was in no way expected to them just jabber to each other. time and I had a great deal of so- the plight lc$ the peasants. Times to pay anybody for all the work I always had a notebook with me, cial life in high school. I, was often are bad, as you have seen, and wet and personal consideration given and in it I wrote down every Eng- escorted by several students in my wait anxiously for days that will me. I realize now that the experi- lish word I came across, and op- travels from one room to another, restore to us, some of the money ence of learning English in a mid- posit e it the.equivalent in my own ahd I was invariably and elaborate- we' do not see now. . And lastly, western high school was a reflec- language; making a sort of a dic- ly introduced, and I think described taxation must be reduced, and tion of America. It was a reflection tionary. Afterwards, I found out minutely, for my new acquaint- some of tbe money taken from us of what. constitutes the American What a strange dictionary it was, ances would stare at me, with kingl spent in the Bukovina instead of way. for I frequently put down wrong ly curiosity, for some time. at Bucharest. This land needs roads, My childhood was spent in an al- meanings for words! sanitation, health services, more most primitive rural community My program was unconventional. Help From Latin schools. But, above all, it needs the among peasants in a Ukrainian I attended an English class every Everybody was always encour- chance of decent life of its peo- village. The industrial town of period, where I would sit and listen aging and praising my progress. ple who now find the burdens al- Lawrence was by' comparison so for a whilef-Then one or two pupils They were very patient with me, most unendurable." advanced mechanically, so civilized- were excused from the regular and as sympathetic with my in- That woman had known the appearing, that the difference seem- class work, in order - to do some ability to speak their language as United States when the standard ed indescribable, magical! My ad- work with me. They pointed to if I could not walk or were afflict- of life in that country was at its "justment to this new environment and named various visible objects; ed with some sickness from which highest. Evidently she read my was a phase of Americanization, they read aloud nursery rhymes all were trying to help me get well. thoughts, for she added, "Don't and it preceeded rapidly. I could and the elementary school classics, In a way, that was true, and they take my word for. Go and ask oirjjgl avail myself of all rarities, includ- urging me to repeat the reading. did help me. When I was begin- neighbors." llPl ing ice-cream cones that had to be Sometimes we tried to talk a little. ning to learn a little in each of the It was a Sunday, and the op^ lapped and chewing gum that could If the class work was too impor- English classes I was called to at- portunity to do so came when I never be swallowed. I could avail tant. for any student to be ex- tend a Latin Class, and soon dis- met the younger men of the vil- myself, also, of the marvelous cused the teacher would come over covered how wonderfully helpful lage at the Institute. There were machines all the way from autb- and work with me in reading, writ- Latin was for the acquisition of an half a hundred of them in their mobiies to fountain pens. ing and simple speech. All this English vocabulary. It was fascin- club-room, and when I put my Now, my Ukrainian background patience and kindness made me ating to learn the number of Eng- question tfiey^riferrell^together consisted of gay, elaborate em- feel very happy, even if I Wasn't lish derivatives from L^pne Latin before replying. Then the spokes- broidery and decorations with verv bright with the lessons. word. Somehow I learned the Lat- man answered, arid; his answer abundance and warmth of color; The demonstration method was in more easily first, and the Eng- named the same three points put- of crude, sturdy, simple forms of used most frequently and at first, lish from the Latin; but every- significant fact—in the same order! everyday household and farm ob- progress was fairly rapid. A book body thought it was very clever of I bade them farewell, and set jects; and above all, of the spon- would be fingered, and another, me to learn Latin without know- out to return to Czernowitz. On taneous and infinite flow of folk until there would be no mistaking ing English. English grammar is the way I stopped at anothep vil- music with its powerful contagious the word to be learned. Paper .really so simple as compared to ") lage, and thus it was that before beauty, its songs of haunting mel- would be spread before me: jC Ukrainian that it was no trouble leaving the province Isfmet the ancholy and of quick joy; its chor- whole pile of paper would be for me to learn correct sentence Grand Old Lady of the Bukovina. al singing with harmony too en- thumbed before me and a sheet of ( structure and designation of parts She was eighty years of age, and chanting to seem real, its folk it even given to me—and that was f of speech. But everybody praised jppfred with her husband, in a peasant dances of intoxicating movements most convincingly PAPER. Then a. my intelligence and my name was home which typified a hundred and rhythm. All that was in my fist would be clenched almost in inscribed on the honor roll! Be- thousand more. The couple had blood and in my senses even as I front of my nose, and the motion fore the year was over, I {was four married daughters and a horde slowly grew to feel the attitudes and the word repeated an im- elected member of an honorary lit- of grandchildren living in the vil- of the people of America. Imper- pressive number of times, till FIST erary society, for my high marks lage. The old peasant worked the ceptibly, I came to sense the Amer- was a real word to me. Simple in English, even though I was just same five acres that he had farm- ican ambition to excel, to achieve adjectives describing physical at- about making myself understood. ed in the days of the Austrian Em- something, to keep on perfecting tributes were easy: sugar was How I burned then with- desire pi re, or rather he worked-$fc with all material things. I began to ap- sweet, the desk was black, snow to read fluently English literature, the help of his wife. preciate, too, the beauty of Ameri- was cold, etc. Many verbs could especially the works I had loved That Grand Old Lady' toiled be- cans' efficiency and their love of be demonstrated, too—although not so in traslation: "Uncle Tom's side her husband on the soil. She pleasantness; and to respond to without a good deal of rather odd Cabin," and the stories of Mark attended to the vegetable garden, their natural generosity and easy exercises to be performed in a Twain. tbe pigs and the poultry. She baked spending habits. But I felt that classroom; but all ' this teaching So you see what a social ex- the bread—and good bread too. the heart of American culture was was not confined to class, for re- perience learning English in Law- She kept their two-roomed cottage the international, inter - cultural cess hours and after-school time rence High School was. f- spotless. She did-the family wash- background and composition of the was well used, too. There was Two years later" when I was" ing. She gave advice on any and American people. Everyone I met jumping, dancing, falling, chewing, taking intelligence test in con- every subject impartially to all her had relatives or ancestors in an- laughing,-tearing, even the break- nection with registering at the daughters and their husbands. She other country, sometimes eyen in ing of a stick to' demonstrateQthe University, English language was made most of the clothes for her several countries. As the barriers word BREAK. such an important part of the test husband, herself/, and her grand- began to fall between me and these . As the words became more corn- that, as I learned later, I got an children. And, having attended to people of other racial backgrounds plicated the demonstration method exceedingly low rating. But I was these small matters, she spoked than my own, I was, I thought, became more difficult. I remem- admitted just the same -^C, sup- after the children for her daugh- gaining Americanization in culture, ber how worn out we all became pose because in spite rpfv my laa?^ ter on Sunday." Although slight" naturally and without any coercion with one quite simple word. Judg- guage handicap they wanted to give ly embarrassed I was therefore or propaganda. scarcely surprised when she offered ing by the demonstration, it seem- me a fair chance. And getting a iffiefa couple of the children to As to the most immediate phase ed to me unmistakably YAWN; fair chance was another reflection bring back to England if I wanted of Americanization, that of learn- however, judging', later by the, of the friendly, helpful" American them! ing the English language, I found droopiness of some ten people who spirit, which I experienced as a that nobody in the town of Law- were teaching me at that time, foreigner learning English in Kan- Grand people^ those unknown rence knew the language that I and the contagiously drowsy ex- sas. $$08$!^ peasants, living and dying far spoke. My much older American pression of their faces and bodies, MARGUERITE RUDOLPH from cities, and tilling the same cousins had forgotten most of it I was convinced thtf word meant (Junior Red Cross Journal) soil from generation to generation. and were certainly too busy with SLEEPY. I lay downlgnd closed Asking in return only a house, their own affairs to spend much my eyes to show how'jvell I had food, and security. Important peo- time with me. I did not have a learned the lessot^l. The demon- EXACT iDOOM OF POLAND'S ple, too. More important, in the Ukrainian or. Russian-English dic- st ration method was then prompt- PREDICTED IN UNA BOOK last analysis, than -most townsmen tionary for quite a while. A few ly discarded and the word was IJpN 1928 for without their labor the cities days after my arrival, myAmeri- pronounced distinctly, by itself, "In 1939 Poland will have a and towns could not exist at all. can-business-man - cousin escorted then in what must have been a very catastrophe. Poland will lose the me to the Lawrence High ^School. simple sentence, judging by the war and will begin to fall apart. On the way I wondered whether hopeful expression on my teach- Poland will be divided between lOBAIN FlECf OFFICERS they would really accept me. When ers' faces. I strained myself to look Russia and Germany who will form Helen Zadorozny reports that' we entered the office a crowd soon intelligent. Well, my intentions a military-economic alliance." the Ukrainian Youths' Club of gathered around us. There were must have been recognized, but so This was the remarkable predic- Lorain, Ohio, U.NA. Branch 233, several teachers, the principal, the was my ignorance, and the sound tion made by Hooter, a European held its yearly election of officers, superintendent, and a few students, effect was further amplified a slow astrologist, as to the future of the following being elected: Wasyl all j surveying me with amused rhythm. Finally, an extra teacher Poland. When and how Poland Nazarkiewicz, president;. Leslie En- glances. I listened to them talk, was called in to the rescue, and I would collapse was thus predicted gel, vice president;i8tella Men dak, but understood nothing whatso- actually did get the wqjd TIRED. 12 years ago. recording secretary^': Helen Zado- ever. I could see, however, by the My most vivid Memory of the . This prophesy was published in rozny,-^fmanclaI-- secretary; John movement into the file, the open- pantomine drama^rapearnihg Eng- the UNA annual almahjilj^^ 1928, Sawczyn, treasnr^,-'Peter Butrey, ing of desk drawers and certain lish is the episode''m^ffty learning page 123, which I happened to see assistant treasurer; Mrs. Anna Ku- final writing down of things, with the word FOOT. I was brought by browsing through some old Uk- zan and Steve Pirnak, controllers. my name mentioned every now into a class I had never visited be- rainian books. Plans'were discussed for a bingo) and then, that I was accepted and fore; I was introduced to the teach- A. Y. party to be given soon. Ipl 4 UKRAINIAN V/JZl-.KLY, SATURDAY. MARCI^ 23. 1340 No. 12 1939 BANNER YEAR FOR U.N.A. THE EASTER AND CHRONICLE SMALL BEER (Continued from page 1) J BUNNY INXROSPECTION m Two snow-white bunnies ^ " Here, Mrs. Maria Malevich, of Pittsburgh, Vice-Presidentess g^'; Sat upon chacolate eggs... Filled with fear, of the U.N.A., presented in her report that followed Mr. I htde — Herman's a detailed account of her activities on -behalf the T ITTLE Marusia, her chin tilted Unnerved, lest I be spied , upward proudly, paraded along, By some association, especially in the Pittsburgh area, where mem- swinging her little blue purse, Adventuresome bership in jbhe U.N.A. has increased considerably and where -keeping only the corner of one eye " Unmarried maid the young people are flocking to it in ever increasing num- fixed upon the house she was pass- Who'll corner me to serenade ing and then paraded back again. Of a bridal kiss, bers. She did not quicken her deliberate And married bliss. IV pace in the least when she saw her So, pocketing my pride, Opening bis report as Supreme Recording Secretary, little friend Anne come skipping I hide down the stairs and out to meet Now I Mr. Dmytro Halychyn called attention to the fact that 1939 'M a guy was the 45th anniversary year of the organization's exist- "Good morning," said Marusia, With lots of guts and stuff— ence, and that it had brought to the organization 2,655 new in a dignified tone. I'm tough ;Mpello!" said Anne, dimpling. And unafraid; members, of which 7596 were of the younger generation, and "I sap-you out o' my window... But when some maid - 44 new branches. The year 1939, he said, was the most suc- newoutfit?" Comes marching up to me cessful one of the last 10 years. Mr. Halychyn further point- /'Everything I have is new," re- And says, "Aw, Gee, ed out the inroads the U.N.A. has made in Canada, especial- pjied Marusia. "My father has You can't stay single all your lots of money." She drew herself life— ly in Ontario, which brought the association during the past up reassuringly. Now, with a wife-—" year 150 new members. Prospects of gaining many more Ig^yery pretty," said Anne, mean- I say, "Excuse me, ma'm." members there are very bright, he said. ing the color, touching Marusia's And scram. blue eoajljlp Now why At the end of 1939, Mr. Halychyn revealed, the total Marusia, pleased, said, like Must I membership of the U.N.A. Was. 35,358. Besides that number ypur new .clothes too, Anna. They Forever turn and run are very pretty." Being a child, If e'en in fun there are 874 members who have extended insurance cer- . she of course' menat the color, Some charming, lovely miss tincates.,"The U.N.A. insurance held by all these mem- although ^he also sensed that Anne Of cowardice bers amounts to $24,793,762.10, an increase of $1,327,323:40 looked bette$than-she did ;in her Accuses me new clothes, for , in spite of her For being twenty-one and free? over the amount of the previous year. dignity Bhe^feJ^4itrangely awk- This playing hard to get - In regards to the number of branches, -there were 452 ward in the new outfit, having up May be alright — and yet at the close of 1939, representing an increase of 34 over 1938. to that time been used to some old I fear that I have been—alas— thing ,orfother that was most often An ass. Another manifestation of U.N.A. progress during 1939, too big .p5$r'her and tied a piece of Mr. Halychyn said, was the renewed activity among the rope in the middle in order to hold it. up. MOSTLY WOMEN U.N.A. branches in organizational, social', cultural and sport fields. "^Insofar as gaining new members is concerned, he '^We are lucky, Anna," she wept ... Women are like bad habits on thoughtfully, "to have such -easy enough to pick up but hard said, branch 204 of New York City led all the rest with lovely -n0r-clothes. Lots of people get rid of. 107 new members. Branch 341 in Windsor, Ontario was have to wear awful-looking things," . ... Once upon a time—so they second with 101 new members; branch 361 of New York and she nodded to herself, seeing tell us—a man who tried to take in her mind's eye the children of advantage of a girl's.innocence was I City was third with ,77 new members; branch 393 of Chicago her iUative village, whiqnvshe had a cad. Nowadays he's an optimist. wasjfburtli^th 76; branch 63 of Ford City, Pa. was fifth left beyond the wide, ^wide "lake," , - .... An old fashioned girl blushed with 74. ' as she called it when she was embarrassed. sOur - Anne was laughing, "How fun- modern maidens are embarrassed Commenting upon the continued advance of the U.N.A. ny you are Marusia! - You always when they blush. in general prestige, Mr. Halychyn declared that people were say such odd things! But ^sup- !^.An intelligent .girls is one. pose it's because It's different where who knows -how to refuse a. kiss ' beginning to recognize now more than ever before that the you came -from." without being deprived of it. U.N.A. was the foundation of Ukrainian-American life and "ind the Easter Bunny hiring ... A wise man is one who hasn't progress, and that further Ukrainian-American development you anything VJ asked Anne, let a woman, pin anything on him changing to a more timely and for since he was a baby. greatly rested upon it. He found it especially encouraging -the moment intensely interesting that this fact has won such wide recognition not only among subject. the older generation, but what is even more important, Mi, ."Easter Bunny?" questioned Ma- -N .E W STARS! rusia, wrihkling.'the childish -fore- Singing SiiUra STELLA and MARY among the younger generation as well. Otherwise, he said, head. BODNAR, Pupils of famous vocal the U.N.A. would not have made such marked gains in mem- teachercl Madame Xenia Vasienko, "Yes. You know, a rabbit He Moscow' Opera House Primadonno. bership, especially among the young people, as it did dur- brings presents for all good chil- Appointment by telephone only. ing 1939. drem" - ENdicott 2-9711, 2So W. 7 5th St., ."Oh!" was all Marusia said, New York" City. GGG V turning over in her mind the vari- A comprehensive picture of the financial structure of ous happenings in the last 24 the 'Ukrainian National Association was next presented by hours which she had not quite un- NEW YORK.CITY derstood. Roman Slobodian, Financial Secretary and Treasurer of the ATTENTION YOUTH! — The Youth j'^es!" she said, finally. "You of ODWU Br. 4, will sponsor a de- organization. The present assets of the U.N.A., he declared, know, it's the funniest thing!" and lightful 3 act stage play entitled total $5,574,688.19, an inorease from the previous year of she laughed merrily, in recollec- "HAPKA the BOLSHEVIK" on SUN- tion. "When I awoke this morning DAY, MARCH 24th, at the St. Via. $316,287.21. Of the total assets, real estate holding comprise in. my nice soft bed," she emphas- ditn.ir'a Church Hall, 334 E. 14th St., 19.93 V, or $1,110,702.51; mortgage loans on real estate ized, "I saw a tiny rabbit on my New York -'City, Commencement at or $1,540,239.60, of which 10.8096 are guaranteed bureau sitting in a basket on top 7. P. M. Admission only 3 5 c. Come 27,6396, of some ugly brown 'pesanky'.:. " one! Come all: See them make their F.H.A.; loans on members' certificates amount to 10.41 debut and get stage fright. Hear them 96, "They are not 'brown pesanky,' murder the Ukrainian language. Have or $580,429.13; bonds and stocks—28.9296, or $1,612,249^69; Marusia. They're.chocolate eggs!" a lot of fun with Hapka: Don't forget cash in banks amounts to 12.7596 or 711.054. All other phy- "5?es! So I found out!" she tb call your friends. laughed again, "just as I was ready sical assets form 0.3696 of the total, or $16,217.27. The Sec- to. throw them out! I held one in retary-Treasurer further pointed out that the -holdings in my hand !and it began to melt so igSSIl N G E R S bonds were composed mostly of 'municipal issues, public then I know it was made of oho- — BEGINNERS and ADVANCED — cdateV'lpll^ Ipp Madame ALICE ZEPPILLI, soprino. utilities, U. S. government and others considered as legal Anne laughed heartily, "How formerly with ^Chicago Opera and investment for fraternals by state insurance departments. funny$S^ Opera Comique garis, TEACHES at The real estate holdings were shown to be income-producing, "Butj" said Marusia, seriously. Steinway Hall, Studio 519,. 113 W. "Do rabbits really lay eggs in 57th St., N. Y. C. . Recommended by the yield for the past pear having been '4-4196, which in Lucrezia Borl, Geraldine Farrar, Lily present economic times is considered very good. This was "I don't know," said Anne, "if Pons. IJ^nhirested, call Cfrcje 7-4384. exceeded both by the interest income from bonds of 4.7396 real rabbits do, but the Easter Bun- ny alwa^/brings them in a basket and from mortgage loans of 5.0896. The low yield of bank with a toy or chocolate bunny sit- - PHILLY TO PLAY AT NEWARK interest on funds on deposit coupled with funds in non- ting oh them."'1mm The ^Philadelphia U.N.A. Youth Club interest checking accounts resulted in an average rate of ?"Well, -that's strange;" said Ma- will travel to Newark on Sat., March 23rd, to play an official game that will interest earned during 1939 of 4.596. rusuiu "jl never saw a rabbit lay have much to do with-the final stand- eggs. -In Ukraine only chickens ings of the teams in District No. 1. Aside from investments, continued Mr. Slobodian, other lay ^ggs," ahe .explained. wjpe The game, which will be played at figures pertaining to mortuary funds and mortality show a don't jfiave ah Easter -rabbit, either the Ukrainian Center, will start at ... we have pretty pesanky in- 8 P. ffim bright picture. The mortuary funds, out of which death stead." 1 benefits are paid, increased over the previous year by $398,- JPhiehaflp you like better?" 696:25, to the present total of $4,454,327.84. This was due asked Anne. "You see, America is nicer!" put "Well," said Marusia, VOf course in Anne triumphantly. in large measure to increase in membership as well as the we uon't have eggs every mqrn- "But it isn't natural!" cried Ma- high earning rate on investments, and in small part to the ing 5toibreakfast the way you do rusia, meaning the egg-laying low mortality rate. The ratio of actual death losses to the here in"America, so the pesanky bunny. "Who ever heard of a do taste', awfully good... and are rabbit Jaying eggs and made out expected deaths according to the mortality tables for the lots of fuhVtto exchange with yisur of chocolate!" she pondered scepti- year 1939 was 63.596 as compared to 74.796 for the previous friends." After a pause, "Of course cally, deeply mystified at the year. In other words, there were fewer deaths per thousand I like an Easter Bunny too, 'cause strange, and wonderful ways of he brings pesanky also, only cho- America. members during 1939 than there were in 1938. colate ones!" THEODOSIA BORESKY. FILF (To be concluded)