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THE NEWSLETTER OF THE SOCIETY OF DESCENDANTS IN WASHINGTON STATE VOLUME 29 Issue 2 – Summer 2016 www.WashingtonMayflower.org

John Cotton Governor’s bids Farewell to Message Leaving England to Establish the Bay Colony You are invited to our Summer Picnic in 1630. in Bellevue’s Kelsey Creek Farm Park. This is a great place to visit with your cousins, have a tasty lunch, and explore the play areas and farm buildings with your family of all ages. A short distance from the freeways offers easy access and free parking and admission. Dr. Polly Good will speak on the Shakers, a small but important utopian response to the gospel. In this newsletter, we describe a book written in 1619 Inside This Issue by the Pilgrim’s agent sent to London to Page find a ship for the voyage. He likely contracted for the ship 2 - Membership changes. Mayflower. 3-4 - Report on 104th Annual Meeting, April 3, 2016 Ever wonder what other heritage societies you may be 5 - Pilgrim Videos, 1619 book The Cry of a Stone qualified to join? Enclosed is a list with links to pages of 6 - Other Heritage Societies information. Several can be joined with no additional lineage research, if your Mayflower passenger is already 7 - Letters from Members recognized as a qualified member. 8 - Invasion — the We also look at our Pilgrim Separatist ancestor’s nearby 9 - Confusing Pilgrims with Puritans neighbors, the Puritans of Massachusetts Bay Colony. The 10 - Summer Picnic — Bellevue's Kelsey Creek Park Puritans migrated in such large numbers that the ten-year 11 - Picnic Reservation Form period 1629-1639 is termed “The Great Migration”. Like 12 - Board Member List the Pilgrims, they sought to form a new colony that was religiously pure, unlike the corruptions of Old England. MARK YOUR CALENDARS!! Sunday, July 17, 2016.

Summer Best wishes, Picnic Guy Moellendorf, Governor [] Come meet with your cousins. 11:30 am, Sunday July 17 at the covered picnic shelter Kelsey Creek Farm Park, Bellevue WA. Entrance and parking is FREE. Youth under 12 years age eat free. Dr. Polly Good will Happenings — Neighbor States speak on the Shakers and the popular constructions of early American citizenship. Members near the border of Idaho or Oregon may want to Kelsey Creek Park is centrally located near freeways contact these websites, or persons, for info on their meetings. and offers covered picnic shelter, modern restrooms, paved Oregon websites: walkways, farm animals for viewing and petting, toddlers  http://www.mayflower-or.com/ play area and wide open fields and walking trails.  www.mthoodmayflower.com Email addresses: Reservations are due Saturday, July 9. Details, see  Idaho: Governor Ida Hardy, at: [email protected] Page 10. Reservation form on Page 11. []  Oregon, at: [email protected] Washington Society WELCOME ABOARD! Board Members

Governor Guy Moellendorf, New Members [email protected] Deputy Governor, Jocelyn Paulson [email protected] Congratulations on tracing your family’s history to a 1620 Recording Secretary, Marilynn Sabo passenger of the ship Mayflower, emigrants from England and [email protected] Holland, Signers of ’s first self governance agreement (the Corresponding Secretary, Genie Parrott, ) and present at America’s first ! [email protected] Correspondence, questions, address changes, phone changes. Treasurer, Tim Rogers, [email protected] City Name Ancestor (generation #) Historian, Jerri McCoy, [email protected] Sammamish Kristin B Heimbigner (11) 1706 Assistant Historian—Juniors., Ann Shipley Bellevue Kim E Lorenz John Alden (11) 1707 [email protected] Bellevue Patricia A Dierdorff John Alden (10) 1708 El Cajon, CA Deborah L Raddatz (12) 1709 Elder, Mavis Ratcliff [email protected] Fircrest John J Casseday William Bradford(11) 1710 Captain, Nick Parrott [email protected] Williamsville, NY Dawn J Halvorsen William Bradford(11) 1711 Centralia Neil D. White William Brewster(13) 1712 Board of Assistants: Redmond Cheryl J Eastwood William Bradford(12) 1713 Sandra Fisher, Lakewood, Luanne Green, Lakewood; Seattle Diana M Prigger William Bradford(13) 1714 Bruce Harrington, Seattle; Sharon Heath, Tacoma; Bothell David N Thompson William Bradford(13) 1715 Charlotte Killian, Enumclaw; Lynn Pittier, Burien; Las Vegas, NV Paul M Evans Isaac Allerton (12) 1716 David Raese, Mukilteo; Margaret Spangler, Tacoma. Spokane Ron F LeBourhis (11) 1717 Sequim Donald R. Stone (12) 1718 General Society Officers Seattle Carol J. Gaffney Isaac Allerton(11) 1719 Member at Large, and Woodinville Debra J. Carlson Francis Eaton(13) 1720 Deputy Governor General (DGG), Steve Arnold Greenacres Claire G. Singer Richard Warren(11) 1721 Assistant General (AG), Judy Arnold Vancouver Shirley J. Morgan (10) 1722 Immediate Former Governor, Catherine Roberti

The Board member’s email addresses are also listed on our web site. Select the “Officers” tab and then click on their “Office Title” to open an email to them. Website: www.WashingtonMayflower.org Supplemental Applications Approved

Member Name Ancestor ( ) Cherie Baurand (11) (11) Laurie Engel William Brewster (12)

Junior Members Welcomed EVERGREEN LOG EDITOR th - Guy Moellendorf Junior members annually receive a birthday card through their 18 [email protected] birthday. A great gift for newborns and juniors in-state or out-of-state. Associate Editor Send changes in mailing addresses for Juniors and request for Juniors’ application forms to this email address: Production Manager - [email protected]

The Washington State Society is pleased to announce the Published three times a year in February, June and October

following to Junior Member status. Their sponsors are Material received by the Editor less than thirty days prior to issue month can not Dorothy Dempsey, Guy Moellendorf, and Claire Singer. be guaranteed inclusion in the current EVERGREEN LOG.

© 2016 Society of Mayflower Descendants in the State of Washington  Of Georg Soule: Michelle Havens All Rights reserved - Society members may reprint if credit is given - All others contact editor for permission - Authors retain rights to their work.  Of William Bradford: Solveig DeSzoeke, Claire Singer, Mathew Singer, Ellie Singer ADDRESS & LIFE CHANGES - Notify the Corresponding Secretary (3515 West 7th Place, Anacortes, WA 98221-1262) of changes to members’ address, phone numbers, email and births or deaths.

2 | EVERGREEN LOG SUMMER 2016 104th Annual Meeting and Luncheon April 3, 2016 Tacoma Yacht Club, Tacoma, Washington

The luncheon began at 11:45 am with a social time. Programs were placed at each table setting. Displays at the back of the room included Silent Auction items and bid sheets, display of the next tour of England and Holland in 2017, five society archive books. and the book Plymouth A Scenic Pictorial Guide that was offered for sale. Governor Guy Moellendorf thanked Dorothy Hull for Governor Guy Moellendorf welcomed everyone and hosting the Society at the members-only called the meeting to order at 12:15 pm. On a beautiful Tacoma Yacht Club. spring day at the waterfront, attending were 93 members and guests, which was one of our larger turnouts. Elder Mavis Ratcliff gave the invocation. Captain Nick Parrott led the Pledge of Allegiance. Lunch was served.

Governor Moellendorf introduced Former Governors, Don Wingerson, Margaret Spangler and Luanne Green; next Sandra Fischer, State Regent of Daughters of the American Colonists; and Carol Gafney, State Regent, Daughters of the American Revolution, and asked for a show of hands for other DAR and SAR members. Governor Moellendorf introduced new Board Members and present Board Members and thanked them for volunteering their many hours of service that enables the Society to offer a great newsletter and luncheons such as this. Governor Moellendorf thanked member Dorothy Hull, a Tacoma Yacht Club member, for all her help in hosting us at the Yacht Club for our Compact Luncheons. He presented her with a Certificate of Recognition and a bouquet of spring flowers. Governor Moellendorf led the Ancestor Roll Call. Officers’ Reports: The Society welcomed two new transfer members: Left to right, new member Don Stone with his wife Pat Historian Jerri McCoy introduced eight new members and new member Jane Ritchey. (Continued on page 4)

Our Historian and Corresponding Secretary welcomed new members with a membership certificate and the book Plymouth A Scenic Pictorial Guide with their personal genealogy to their Mayflower passenger 3 | EVERGREEN LOG enclosed. New members, left to right, Diana Prigger, Patricia Dierdorff, Neil White, Deanne Holmes, SUMMER 2016 Aaron Warner, Dorothy Asbridge, Allison Davis, and Cheryl Eastwood. (Luncheon, from page 3) in attendance: Diana Prigger, Patricia Dierdorff, Neil White, Deanne Holmes, Aaron Warner, Dorothy Asbridge, Allison Davis, and Cheryl Eastwood, and presented them with their certificates. They were given Plymouth Pictorial Guides with their Mayflower lineages at check-in. Jerri also introduced new transfer members in attendance: Jane Ritchie and Don Stone. There were no new supplemental members in attendance. Corresponding Secretary Genie Parrott introduced David Raese and presented him his new Life Member Certificate. Assistant Historian Ann Shipley introduced and presented attendance certificates to three Junior Members. We have had one new Junior member since January. Our Treasurer, Tim Rogers informed the membership that our State Society currently has $34,125.77 in the General Fund, and $49,771.09 in the Life Fund.

Our guest speaker was Margaret Bullock, Curator of Collections and Special Exhibitions for the Tacoma Art Corresponding Secretary Genie Parrott (right) presented Museum. Her topic was “The Haub Family Gift of Western David Raese with his Life Membership Certificate. Art at the Tacoma Art Museum.” The Haub family of Germany donated a $15 million gift of their collection of art of the American West to the Tacoma Art Museum in 2014. They had visited Gig Harbor, loved the area, bought a home, raised their children and considered the Tacoma Art Museum the best recipient to display their extensive collection gathered during their lifetime for their Montana home. The collection tracks the movement of Americans from east across America to the west. Anywhere east of the Hudson River in New York was considered “the West” in the 1800’s. There are 200 works already here in the Haub gift, with 100 more to come. Art ranges from a portrait of George Washington by Gilbert Stuart to contemporary western art of the 1980’s. Included are works by Native American, European, Asian, and Pacific Northwest artists. Of particular importance to Mayflower members, is the 1841 Pilgrim painting by A. D. O. Browere, Canonicus and the Governor of Plymouth. This depicts the 1622 challenge Junior Members Aidan Price, Calvin Paulson and Dinah Lee by the Narragansett Sachem Canonicus, successfully rebuked displayed their certificates of attendance. by the Governor William Bradford allied with the Wampanoag Sachem . This is the first Pilgrim painting known to be on public display residing on the West Coast. After the conclusion of Ms. Bullock’s presentation, Governor Moellendorf announced the winners of the silent auction items. Governor Moellendorf reminded everyone that our summer picnic will be July 17, 2016, at Kelsey Creek Park in Bellevue, thanked them for attending, and wished them a fond farewell. Elder Mavis Ratcliff gave the Benediction. Governor Moellendorf reminded everyone that admission to the Tacoma Art Museum would be free today with a Bank of America or Alaska Airlines credit card. Governor Moellendorf closed the meeting at about 2 pm. Photographs were taken by Chris Paulson, husband of Deputy Governor Jocelyn Paulson.

Respectfully submitted, Marilynn Sabo, Recording Secretary…[] Tacoma Art Museum’s Curator of Collections and Special Exhibits, Margaret Bullock, presented slides of major art works in the Haub Family gift of Western Art. 4 | EVERGREEN LOG SUMMER 2016 Pilgrim Robert Cushman’s 1619 Book Published south of Canterbury, county of Kent. In 1596, he moved to The Cry of a Stone Canterbury to apprentice as a grocer. In 1605 he opened his own grocery. A Treatise Showing what is Right Matter, Form and In Canterbury, he became involved with religious dissent from Government of the Visible Church of Christ the Church of England and in 1603 was convicted of spreading

libels and penalized. The Cry of a Stone is important because it was the only In 1608 or so he emigrated his family to The Pilgrim Church in known book written by a Pilgrim in 1619, close to the time of the Amsterdam or . In 1611 he was a woolcomber in Leiden. Mayflower sailing. In 1617 he became an agent of the Leiden Congregation to do Robert Cushman business in England. In 1619, with John Carver, they secured a indicated that he joined patent from the Virginia Company for the Separatists. the Pilgrim Church Little is known of his life after he left Leiden in 1619 for when it was established London and before his death in 1625 of the plague, other than in in Leiden in 1609 and Bradford’s history. spent “ten yeers in a society of as excellent Mayflower descendants are very fortunate that this book has Christians.” His book been published. outlined solutions for The books format enhances its value. Each of the 77 pages on establishing a Christian the left is an image of a page from the earliest known version, Church, explained how printed in 1642. The reader can see the original phrasing and the Church of England spelling that is awkward today. Eye catching, are the margin notes was imperfect, clarified from the Bible. Opposite on the right of each page is a modern the need to establish a transcription and annotations by noted Pilgrim Historian James W. fellowship of Saints, Baker. This transcription enables a quick read. criticized the strict James Baker also assists the reader with a preface (2 pages) separatists, and and annotations (8 pages) that clarify the meaning of words provided his eyewitness common 400 years ago, but not used today. This also provides an account of some of the overview of the key Pilgrim beliefs. Total pages are 188. practices of the Pilgrim It is a discourse on their Christian theology. Biographical Church in the information on the Pilgrims is absent. Interesting are the Netherlands. similarities and differences the reader can find from today’s The short treatise Christian denominations. was addressed to all A copy of the book may be viewed at this year's picnic and fall Christians and included luncheon. If the Society Board approves, a copy will be donated a call for them to separate or sequester themselves from the to a circulating public library for check-out and inter-library loan. Church of England, whose head of the Church was, and still is, For those interested in knowing Pilgrim history and Cushman the British Monarch. These ideas were treasonous and Cushman descendants, this book is a great addition to and companion of would have been in danger of long imprisonment and perhaps William Bradford’s 1620-1647. death. Conceivably he intended to have the book published after Edited from the Introduction by the book’s editor, Michael R. he sailed to on the and would be out of Paulick []. the reach of the authorities. His work was rediscovered in modern times by historian Stephen Foster in a comprehensive article published in 1977. Robert Cushman was identified as the author. The name variation published as “Robert Coachman” delayed its discovery. Cushman’s writing was first published in 1642 after King Where Can I Buy those Charles was checked by Parliament starting Civil War, and it was Pilgrim Documentary Videos? safe to openly publish previously treasonous books. Year 1642 was also 17 years after Cushman's death in 1625 at age 48. Last Thanksgiving, two new documentaries on the Pilgrims Robert Cushman was almost certainly one of the first were aired. Their story lines compliment each other and would go Mayflower passengers that sailed from London to Southampton well together. A member asked, “Where can we buy them?” in 1620. He was a significant Pilgrim leader and coordinator of 1. On the Public Broadcast System, PBS, go to their website: the 1620 New England settlement. Due to illness, he missed the Www.ShopPbs.org. Then search on the title “The Pilgrims,” a 1620 transatlantic sailing on the Mayflower, and instead arrived two-hour documentary film by Ric Burns. The Pilgrims chronicles on the next ship, the Fortune in 1621. the deep history, origins, and critical first decade of the first Governor William Bradford praised Cushman in his history, permanent English colony in New England. Listed at $20. Of Plymouth Plantation 1620-1647, writing “[he] was as their 2. At the National Geographic Channel’s website for videos: right hand with their friends the Adventurers, and for divers years http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/video/ had done and agitated all their business with them, to their great Search on “Saints and Strangers”. It appears NGC is pursuing advantage.” an Emmy Award and plans to extend the production into a series

of episodes. That is promising, or maybe not. One can view video Robert Cushman was born in 1577 in , 33 miles clips, but the “Episode 1” is not yet offered for sale. []

5 | EVERGREEN LOG SUMMER 2016 Eligibility of Mayflower Descendants in having rendered civilian service. Otherwise, there is also possible eligibility through descent from the Colonial Governors and Other Heritage Societies Acting Governors of Plymouth Colony, as well as Captain Miles by David S. Raese Standish. National Society Daughters of the American Colonists As a Mayflower descendant, you may also be eligible for (1915). Women citizens of the USA who are lineal descendants of membership in a plethora of other heritage societies. The an ancestor who rendered military or civilian service in any colony following is a list of some of these organizations. Each has their prior to 4 July 1776. Signers of the Mayflower Compact might be own specific eligibility and membership requirements, and considered as having rendered civilian service. Also possible separate application forms to fill out, even though the eligibility eligibility through descent from the Colonial Governors and requirements for some societies may overlap with others. Acting Governors of Plymouth Colony, as well as Captain Miles For a general overview of the Hereditary Society Community Standish. we recommend checking out the website of The Hereditary National Society Daughters of Colonial Wars (1932). Society Community of the : Women who are lineal descendants of a worthy ancestor in the www.hereditary.us/ Colonies before 19 April 1775, who either (a) were in the Colonial The site gives a quick overview of basic information covering military or a privateersman sanctioned by government authority, or alphabetic listings, joining requirements, contacts, dates of (b) held public office. There is possible eligibility through descent organizing, pictures of member medals, how to wear and display from the Colonial Governors and Acting Governors of Plymouth medals and all sorts of other interesting stuff. Colony as well as Captain Miles Standish. Perhaps others too, In general, descent from a Mayflower passenger can be the including Mayflower Compact Signers. foundation for an application that meets another society’s Society of the Descendants of the Colonial Clergy (1933). requirements. These heritage societies do not necessarily limit Lineal descent from a clergyman regularly ordained, installed, or eligibility to just Mayflower passengers, of course, though as a settled over any Christian church within the 13 Colonies prior to 4 Mayflower descendant, you may already have a head start in your July 1776. Descendants of Elder William Brewster, acting pastor research to find and document an eligible ancestor. of the early Plymouth congregation, and Stephan Hopkins while in The Colonial Dames of America (Founded 1890). Women Jamestowne, may be eligible. who are lineal, legitimate descendants of a worthy ancestor in the The Jamestowne Society (1936). Lineal descent from Colonies before 19 April 1775 who either (a) held public office, stockholders in the London Company and the Virginia Company, (b) held a commission in the armed forces, or (c) otherwise and from residents of Jamestowne or Jamestown Island prior to served in a capacity specified in the ‘Eligibility List.’ Possible 1700. Descendants of Stephen Hopkins, a Jamestowne resident eligibles: Signers of the Mayflower Compact might be 1609-1613 (and Isaac Allerton Jr.) are eligible. For details, see considered as having served in a civilian capacity, Miles Standish Page 10, Fall 2015, Evergreen Log on our website. as Captain, descent from a Mayflower passengers who later National Huguenot Society (1951). Any Protestant lineal became Colonial Governors and Acting Governors of Plymouth descendant of a Huguenot who emigrated from France to America Colony . or another country after 10 December 1520 and before 28 General Society of Colonial Wars (1893). Men who are November 1787, the date of the promulgation of the Edict of lineal descendants of a worthy ancestor in the Colonies before 19 Toleration, or in spite of persecution, remained in France. April 1775 who either (a) were in the Colonial military or a Descendants of Mayflower passenger are eligible privateersman sanctioned by government authority, or (b) held through his wife, Hester Mahieu and her parents, who are listed as public office. There is possible eligibility through descent from qualified Huguenot ancestors by the National Huguenot Society. the Colonial Governors and Acting Governors of Plymouth National Society Sons of the American Colonists (1956). Colony – see further – as well as Captain Miles Standish. Male citizens of the USA who are lineal descendants of an Perhaps others may be eligible too, including Signers of the ancestor who rendered military or civilian service in any colony Mayflower Compact. prior to 4 July 1776. Signers of the Mayflower Compact might be Hereditary Order of the Descendants of Colonial considered as having rendered civilian service. Otherwise, there is Governors (1896). Lineal descendants of a Colonial Governor or also possible eligibility through descent from the Colonial Assistant Governor in the Colonies before 4 July 1776. Plymouth Governors and Acting Governors of Plymouth Colony, as well as elected a Governor each year. These Mayflower passengers Captain Miles Standish. became Plymouth Colony Governors or Acting Governors: John National Society Sons of New England (1985). Men lineally Alden; Isaac Allerton, William Bradford, John Carver, Miles descended from anyone born in New England before 4 July 1776. Standish and are on the their 1989 eligibility The Plymouth Hereditary Society (1990). Lineal, legitimate list. descent from settlers in Plymouth Colony prior to 1692. National Society Sons and Daughters of the Pilgrims Applicants must also be members in good standing in either the (1908). Lineal descendants of settlers in any of the Colonies Sons of the Revolution, Sons of the American Revolution or before 1700. Daughters of the American Revolution. National Society of Old Plymouth Colony Descendants Order of the Founders of North America, 1492-1692 (1910). Lineal, legitimate descent from a settler in the Old (2012). Lineal descent from a founder of North America including Plymouth Colony prior to 1641. the Caribbean and offshore islands, 1492-1692. Members may National Society Colonial Dames XVII Century (1915). descend from Spanish, English, French, Dutch, Scottish, Swedish, Women who are lineal, legitimate descendants from an ancestor German, Danish or Italian royalty, explorers, settlers and seaman who lived and served in the American Colonies before 1701. transporting and supplying the colonists. Signers of the Mayflower Compact might be considered as (Continued on page 12)

6 | EVERGREEN LOG SUMMER 2016 Kindness Colors the World with Happiness. What you did meant a lot. Thanks so Much

21 April 2016 Dear Washington State Society of In Memoriam Mayflower Descendants, The Compact Day Luncheon was special as always. But to be recognized for my endeavors Hearts Be Free and Spirits Blessed was exceptional! The Plymouth A Scenic Pictorial Guide Charles “Chuck or Chaz” [book] is wonderful. The extra mile of my list Arthur Garrett, of ancestors attached to the book was very WA#1312, Mar. 12, 2016 special. My Washington State cousins have been Chaz was a beloved part of my life since joining in 1975. Who member serving the Board would have guessed where the trail of my from 2003-2015 at times as ancestors would lead me? The Mayflower Treasurer, Historian, Roster Society has been a vital part of my life. Publisher and Newsletter I wish you all joy in your life. You have Publisher. He is sorely missed. given that greatest of gifts, along with love, to Books with the names of the deceased are me. donated to the Seattle Public Library’s Sincerely, genealogy collection. The book dedicated to Barbara Lewis Williams Chuck is: Mayflower Families through Five Generations. Vol. 16, part 4, John Alden, 2015.

New Book The Dream of Miles Standish April 17, 2016 Society of Mayflower Descendants Building the Dear Governor, Canal It is with great pleasure I have received my Certificate of Life Membership in the Society of "Timothy Orwig, Instructor in Art and Mayflower Descendants. I wish all of you great Architectural History, Boston College and success in the furthering of the Society's objectives. Northeastern University, on his recent book The world has greatly changed since I first joined on the history of the canal. Title: The Dream over forty years ago. As a people, we surely need of Miles Standish: Building the Cape Cod to remember and sustain the hopes and aims of our Canal." forefathers. The dedication in this endeavor by Mr. Orwig gave a lecture on this at patriotic/genealogical organizations plays an in April 2015. important part in this education. Thank you very much for sending my certificate to me. Sincerely, (Mrs.) Barbara C. Miller.

7 | EVERGREEN LOG SUMMER 2016 Forming Massachusetts Bay Colony The Invasion of the Puritans Guy Moellendorf, editor.

In 1534, King Henry VIII broke with Rome and the Catholic Church. He seized power by declaring himself, as the monarch, to own all church lands (about one third of England) and be the head of the Church of England. He designated the Archbishop of Canterbury as its spiritual head. He and his monarch heirs declared it was the divine right of kings to determine the religion of the realm. But many devout citizens resisted the corruptions and man-made rules that deviated from the Biblical scriptures. Thus, religious strife began. In 2012, the New England Historic Genealogical Society published the book The Winthrop Fleet Massachusetts Bay Company: Immigrants to New England 1629-1630, by Robert Charles Anderson. It gives biographical sketches and describes the overall migration. Here, we look at the numbers of the three major groups that went to New England before 1640, the year the English Parliament revolted against the King, ending religious persecution. He named the three groups: The Leiden Pilgrims; Winthrop Migration, and the Laudian Migration. Annual Number of Passengers (0-3000) to New England 1620-1640, by Robert C. Anderson. 1. The Leiden Pilgrim Separatists 1620-1630 From 1620 landing at Plymouth and until 1629, the Leiden Pilgrims obtained a charter for the Plymouth Colony and had much of New England to themselves, excepting the annual fishing fleets and a few small settlements by others that died in their infancy. Between 1620 and 1624, four ships [the Mayflower (1620), the Fortune (1621), the Anne (1623) and Little James (1623)] brought about 200 settlers. In 1629 more arrived on the Talbot, an unknown number of servants, and on the Mayflower (not the same ship as in 1620) with 35 more. Finally, in 1630 about 40 Leiden residents arrived on the Lyon. Simply adding these up, we have about 300 settlers.

2. The Winthrop Puritan Migration 1629-1630 In 1624 the first Puritan “clerical company,” the Dorchester Company, was formed by the minister John White to settle at present day Gloucester, MA. By 1627 its (250-300 migrants) were failing and other Puritan ministers reorganized it as the New England Company. This further reorganized into the stronger Massachusetts Bay Company with a Royal Charter. This was led by Governor John Endicott who was soon replaced by John Winthrop. This group was supplied by the Company. The migrants were driven by the fear that England had evolved into an unholy place that God surely would unleash his wrath upon. New England offered a opportunity to start anew. At least 12 ships and 1100 persons migrated. Stained glass window depicting Reverend John Cotton bidding farewell in 3. The Laudian Puritan Migration 1632-1639 1630 to parish members joining the Winthrop migration. But by 1632, While the Winthrop group feared God’s wrath on England, the John Cotton was forced into hiding. in 1633, he fled to safety in Puritan ministers remaining in England soon experience it. William the Massachusetts Bay Colony . Laud, Bishop of London since 1628, was calling the Puritans before the ecclesiastical courts, removing them from office, imposing The numbers in 1632 and 1633 were relatively small, but penalties, imprisonment, and confiscating their properties. In 1633, increased to about 2500 a year from 1634 to 1639. In total, this is King Charles elevated Laud to Archbishop of Canterbury, to extend estimated at 16,000 emigrants. the pursuit of Puritans to the entire Kingdom. To avoid the inquisition, individual and whole Puritan parishes After 1630, no records tally the number of Leiden Pilgrims that fled with their ministers, family and servants to the docks, seeking emigrated, since they could simply go to the docks, and board a ship. transport to sanctuary at Massachusetts Bay Colony. If by 1640 we assume a thousand Leiden Pilgrims, then the numbers By 1640, King Charles I needed more monies. Per the Magna of Puritans arriving was both rapid and 16-17 times greater, which to Carta laws, only Parliament could levy taxes. Charles relented and the Pilgrims may have felt like an invasion. called Parliament into session to raise taxes. Instead, Parliament The period 1630-1639 is referred to by the NEHGS as “The Great promptly charged Bishop Laud with treason and executed him. Many Migration.” Details can be found in the book cited above or by Puritans then considered it safe to return to England, reducing the searching on key words in Wikipedia, the online encyclopedia. [] migration to nil.

8 | EVERGREEN LOG SUMMER 2016 Confusing Pilgrims with Puritans The Winthrop doctrine was authority "from Above." The Mayflower Evergreen Log, February 1995, Compact, in contrast, was based upon consent of the governed, the very by Don Wingerson (abridged) cornerstone of the American Democratic process. As Winthrop's fleet neared its destination in the Boston area, he Confusing Pilgrims and the Puritans has become a gathered the passengers of his flag ship on deck and exhorted them to found chronic popular error and is an unfortunate side effect of an exemplary colony - "a city on a hill." the lack of intellectual clarity and lack of proper Democratic in theory and organization, the Puritans were intolerant in education as to the basic background and foundation of practice of all who differed from their views, challenging any authority or the American cultural heritage as it applies to our society individual who took a contrary course. today. How discordant that John Winthrop informed his listeners that he did What the Pilgrims were looking for was religious not believe in "mere democracy." He was an authoritarian. His idea of "a tolerance. They separated in spirit from the Church of city on a hill" was one in which everyone conformed to authority. England and went on a pilgrimage of the soul, wandering He told his flock: "if you will be satisfied to enjoy civil and lawful wayfarers seeking a place of tolerance where they could liberties, such as Christ allows you, then you will quietly and cheerfully worship their way in peace, with no hierarchical submit unto authority which is set over you ... for your own good." interference. The eminent Puritan minister, John Cotton, put the matter bluntly: That attitude was, of course, anathema to the powers "Democracy -1 do not conceive that ever God did ordain it as a fit that be and led to the proscription of their private government, either for church or commonwealth. If the people be worship. This in turn led to "legal" measures against the governors, who shall be governed." Separatists which led to their movement in and out of As always, it is up to us, the informed citizenry, to be ever and England. bring to task those who would subvert for their own gain, or cause ... the That wandering, or pilgrimage, ultimately led the truth. [] group to Holland, a place of religious tolerance but, not a happy place culturally for them and, hence to the New World, Plymouth, and their place in history. The genesis of American democratic was not on the Puritan fleet of five vessels as they entered GSMD Congress, 1959: Resolution: Massachusetts Bay in 1630. It was on board the Mayflower some ten years earlier as it reached Cape Cod Pilgrims are Not Puritans and anchored in what is now Provincetown Harbor. It was By Duane A. Cline there the Pilgrims elected John Carver as Governor and drew up and signed the Mayflower Compact. Modern history easily confuses the Mayflower Pilgrims with the Puritans who followed later in the 17th Century. At the 22nd Congress of the General Society of Mayflower Descendants held in Plymouth on September 13, 1960, the following resolution was adopted: WHEREAS: Pilgrims Puritans -William Brewster (1566-1643) and William Bradford (1589-1657) professed to be PURITANS while members of the Anglican congregation Arrived 1620 Arrived 1630 (1602) of Richard Clyfton at All Saints' Church, Babworth, Nottinghamshire; and Governors Carver and Bradford Governor Winthrop -The Hampton Court Conference of 1604 forcibly removed 300 Plymouth Colony Massachusetts Bay Colony clergymen from the Church of England, and from that church's PURITAN faith, including Richard Clyfton and , the first two pastors of Friendly with Indians Indian problems from the the Mayflower SEPARATIST "PILGRIMS" of 1620; and for 40 years outset -William Brewster and William Bradford started the 1606 Scrooby, Nottinghamshire, SEPARATIST congregation, the first on English soil, Paid Indians for land Seized Indian lands together with Richard Clyfton and John Robinson, as a direct result of Communal living first Individual profit from the forcible ejection from the PURITAN branch of the Anglican Church, and 7 years outset -There are only two known persons, out of the 104 Mayflower passengers (including the two babies born) who were Anglicans and Democratic, consensus Authoritarian PURITANS: Christopher Martin, Governor of the ship, and his step-son, of the governed Solomon Power, neither of whom left any descendants; Separated from the “Purified” the church from THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, By the General Board of Assistants Church of England within at its meeting in New York, September 19, 1959, that the term "PURITAN" Not a single prosecution Prosecuted and executed should not be applied to any passengers of the Mayflower of 1620, which of witchcraft for witchcraft carried the first settlers of Plymouth Plantation, except to Christopher Martin and Solomon Power, and in the name of William Brewster and William Representation and Nothing to compare Bradford, only before the year 1604 or 16 years before the Mayflower equal inheritance sailed. After 1604, all of the 1620 Mayflower "PILGRIMS" were Forerunner of US Constitution & Nothing to compare SEPARATISTS. Declaration of Independence (From Centennial History - General Society of Mayflower Descendants - 1897-1997; Duane Cline, Compiler/Editor, p. 292). http:// More tolerant than the Intolerant www.sail1620.org/Articles/pilgrims-not-puritans [] Church of England

9 | EVERGREEN LOG SUMMER 2016 Summer Picnic at Bellevue’s SOCIETY EVENTS Kelsey Creek Farm Park Mark your calendar!

Just a short distance from I-405, this gem of a Tentative Schedule of Meetings: park feels like an isolated, country woods Time and Place to be Announced experience. One might get the impression of time travel as you move from the modern day reality of 2016 the parking lot to the rural, pastoral feel of the early July 17, Sun, Summer Picnic 1900’s (when the farm was built). Kelsey Creek Park, Bellevue

Two historic barns sit prominently on the crest of October 30, Sun, Compact Day a hill, overlooking the shallow valleys to each **Topic: Salem Witch Trials side. Farm animals are out in the pastures or yards of 1692 on Day before daily. Come by and see them! Halloween In the summer, the sounds of songbirds mix with Red Lion Inn, Bellevue the babbling of Kelsey Creek, creating a relaxing background rhythm. 2017

A 0.9 mile gravel trail loops around the farm, pastures and open **April 2, Sun, Annual Meeting spaces is ideal for jogging, walking, or bicycling. The trail loops Tacoma Yacht Club along the edge of a bowl-shaped wetland and grass meadows. Map - July 16, Sun, Summer Picnic see web pages. Sept 9-11, Congress, Plymouth, MA Walkways are paved with easy access ramps. When visiting, all dogs and other pets must be on a leash at all Sept 17-30, GSMD Historic Sites Tour, England, Netherlands times. Out of respect to the farm animals' health and wellbeing, all pets are strictly prohibited from the area surrounding the barns (the November 12, Sun, Compact Day barnyard). 2018 By 11:30 am, meet at the covered picnic shelter, next to parking March , Sun, Annual Meeting lot. **July , Sun, Summer Picnic At noon, lunch will be served, catered by Famous Dave’s BBQ.

For the menu, see the reservation page. About 12:45 we cover ** Change from the announcements, welcome new members previous newsletter. and introduce our speaker, Dr. Polly Good. Polly Good joined the History Department at Bellevue College in Spring 2016. At Bellevue, she teaches general U.S. history courses along with developmental math classes. Prior to moving to the Pacific Northwest, she taught courses in U.S women’s history, U.S. religious history, and African- American history in Utah, Virginia and Oregon. Dr. Good completed her PhD at Dr. Polly Good the University of Oregon and MA at George Mason University. Her dissertation investigates popular constructions of early American citizenship through a close examination of the activities of the Shakers, an often controversial religious movement. During social, economic, and political conflicts with the non-Shaker community, the Shakers asserted their rights as American citizens and emerged as a dynamic force in the creation of citizenship ideals. Dr. Good also works for the Issaquah History Museum providing historical content for the museum’s public programs, such as the historic pub crawl through downtown Issaquah.

Websites: Map and photos at: http://parkstrails.myparksandrecreation.com/ParksTrails/UserFiles/ file/bellevue_park_info/kelsey/ kelsey_creek_farm_rental_flyer_2014.pdf and: http://parkstrails.myparksandrecreation.com/Details.aspx?pid=23 Parking and Picnic Shelter Kelsey Creek Farm Park, Bellevue

10 | EVERGREEN LOG SUMMER 2016 2016 Summer Picnic Reservation Form

Return This Coupon With Payment

Please make checks payable to the Washington . Reservations must reach Treasurer Tim Rogers by Saturday, July 9. Mail to: Tim Rogers, 19025 Grannis Rd, Bothell, WA 98012-6948. Phone 206-979-7006 Email: [email protected]

Please send a 2016 Membership Directory, available in July.

TOTAL RESERVATIONS ______TOTAL AMOUNT ENCLOSED $ ______Please Check Proper Designation Member’s Primary Ancestor ______Regular Juniors Youth Youth Member Member

Print Your Name ______Age Under Street Address ______Adult $20 12-18 Age 12 $10 FREE City ______State _____ Zip Code ______Each

Guest ______

Guest ______

Additional Guests are listed on back.

Noted on back are changes made during the past year to my contact information : Home address — Telephone # — E-Mail address.

− − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − Cut Here − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − −

Summer Picnic Sunday, July 17, 2016 Covered Picnic Shelter at Kelsey Creek Farm Park 410 130th Pl. SE, Bellevue, WA Meet 11:30 a.m. — Lunch Noon

Program: 11:30 am. meet at picnic shelter, Lunch at Noon, 1:00 pm, news and listen to Dr. Polly Good will speak on the Shakers and the popular constructions of early American citizenship. Lunch will be catered by Famous Dave’s BBQ. A Picnic Buffet: two ribs, country roasted chicken, corn bread muffin, brown (Wilbur) baked beans, potato salad, bottled water and cookies. Meal prices, per person: Adult $20 Children age 12 -18, $10, under age 12 FREE. After the meeting, visit and explore the park on your own.

Directions: From I-405 in Bellevue, take the SE 8th Street exit (#12). Turn east onto SE 8th St. Cross the Lake Hills Connector Road into residential area. Turn left onto 130th Pl SE, go 0.2 miles, arrive at park entrance on right, “B on map”. If parking lot is full, unload, then park your vehicle in the residential neighbor- hood where signs permit.

Address:11 410 130th Pl. SE, Bellevue VERGREEN OG US E L First Class Society of Mayflower Descendants Postage in the State of Washington 4002 W. 6th St. Anacortes, WA 98221-1290

Return Service Requested

(Continued from page 6) Flagon and Trencher Society. Synopsis: Lineal descent from a person conducting a tavern, ordinary or other type of hostelry within the area of the first 13 states, prior to 4 July 1776. Stephen Hopkins Mark Your operated a tavern and qualifies. Mayflower Family Societies Calendar Descendants of several Mayflower families have their own heritage societies. In addition to fellowship and news, a primary objective of these societies is to collect genealogies of descendants beyond the 5th generation, to possibly publish supplements to the Mayflower “silver Summer books.” Several offer “friend” memberships, with no need to prove lineage. Pilgrim Family Societies include: Alden, Allerton, Billington, Picnic Bradford, Brewster, Brown, Cooke, Doty, Fuller, Hopkins, Howland, Rogers, Samson, Soule, Standish, Warren, White and Winslow. Links to their websites are at: Sunday, July 17, 2016 https://www.themayflowersociety.org/about-the-pilgrims20/pilgrim RSVP by: Saturday, July 9, 2016 -family-societies Not enough to choose from? Are you eagerly seeking even more application forms to fill out? Then there are plenty more heritage Picnic shelter at societies to choose from, based upon an ancestor’s military or civilian Kelsey Creek Park, Bellevue service in subsequent time periods of American history. As the Event details, see page 10. original Mayflower families increased, descendants migrated to new territories and settled new towns, spreading across the continent and beyond, participating in a wide variety of military and civilian service Come join in! that may qualify descendants in a myriad of other heritage societies. For a more complete list, see: www.hereditary.us/list_a.htm []