PACIFIC LING U1STICS

Series D - No. 58

MATERIALS FOR A

REJANG - INDONESIAN - ENGLISH DICTIONARY

collected by

M.A. Jaspan

With a fragmentary sketch of the

. Rejang language by W. Aichele,

and a preface and additional annotations

by P. Voorhoeve

(MATERIALS IN LANGUAGES OF INDONESIA, No. 27)

W.A.L. Stokhof, Series Editor

Department of Linguistics

Research School of Pacific Studies

THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

Jaspan, M.A. editor. Materials for a Rejang-Indonesian-English dictionary. D-58, x + 172 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1984. DOI:10.15144/PL-D58.cover ©1984 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. PACIFIC LINGUISTICS is issued through the Linguistic Circle of Canberra and consists of four series:

SERIES A - Occasional Papers SERIES B - Monographs SERIES C - Books SERIES D - Special Publications

EDITOR: S.A. Wurm

ASSOCIATE EDITORS: D.C. Laycock, C.L. Voorhoeve, D.T. Tryon, T.E. Dutton

EDITORIAL ADVISERS: B.W. Bender K.A. McElhanon University of Hawaii University of Texas David Bradley H.P. McKaughan La Trobe University University of Hawaii A. Capell P. MUhlhiiusler University of Sydney Linacre College, Oxford Michael G. Clyne G.N. O'Grady Monash University University of Victoria, B.C. S.H. Elbert A.K. Pawley University of Hawaii University of Auckland K.J. Franklin K.L. Pike University of Michigan; Summer Institute of Linguistics Summer Institute of Linguistics W.W. Glover E.C. Polome Summer Institute of Linguistics University of Texas G.W. Grace Malcolm Ross University of Hawaii University of Papua New Guinea M.A.K. Halliday Gillian Sankoff University of Sydney University of Pennsylvania E. Haugen W.A.L. Stokhof National Center for Harvard University Language Development, Jakarta; A. Healey University of Leiden Summer Institute of Linguistics B.K. T'sou L.A. Hercus Murdoch University; Australian National University University of Hong Kong Nguygn Dll.ng LiI�m E.M. Uhlenbeck University of Hawaii University of Leiden John Lynch J.W.M. Verhaar University of Papua New Guinea Gonzaga University, Spokane

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National Library of Australia Card Number and ISBN 0 85883 312 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS

page

MAP iv

PRE FACE v

AB BREVI ATIONS x

Materials for a Rejang -:In donesian - English dictionary M. A. JASP AN 1

Supplement 136

A fragmentary sketch of the Rejang language W. AICHELE 145

BIBLIOGRAPHY 159

iii iv

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I N D I A N

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""""' Serawai " ...... PREFACE

M. A. Jaspan did anthropological fieldwork in the Rej ang country in 1961-63 . His research was based at Topos in Lebong and he learnt to speak the Lebong dialect of Rejang fluently. He was able to record folktales on a typewriter without the help of a tape-recorder. still in the field he began collecting materials for a Rejang dictionary. This he did not merely as a contribution to linguistic science, but perhaps in the first place in order to give the Rej ang people a document of their linguistic heritage . The need of such a dictionary was widely felt among Jaspan 's Rejang friends and informants. It should not only give English translations , but also Indonesian equivalents . A small committee on lexicography was formed with whom the problems of the dictionary were discussed. One of the first problems was that there is no established orthography of Rejang in Latin characters. This does not mean that there is no tradition of literacy. The traditional script is a form of the South-Sumatran Ka-Ga-Nga syllabary , sometimes called rencong script or simply Rej ang script. This last name is mis­ leading because the use of this script is by no means restricted to the Rej ang area. Jaspan became much interested in the traditional script . He collected every written text which he could find in the country and began copying and trans­ literating Ka-Ga-Nga texts preserved in museums and libraries in Europe . In 1964 the Au stralian National Un iversity published his Redjang Ka-Ga-Nga Texts , for which a special typewriter was constructed . In the card file for the dictionary the entry-headings are given in Latin and in Ka-Ga-Nga script in Jaspan 's handwriting . This use of the Ka-Ga-Nga script was a novelty. The traditional script had never been used to write the Rej ang colloquial. It was part of a tradition which used a general South-Sumatran literary language which is fundamentally Malay. Occasionally a special Rejang word may be used , and in reading such a text it is adapted to Rej ang pronunciation . The Middle-Malay word serambah, for instance , will be pronounced sramea ', though in writing the traditional orthography sarambah is used . Very seldom does one find special Rejang spellings in old Ka-Ga-Nga texts, such as -m- for -mb- . There is one exception: the Rej ang rencong script has no buwah ngimbang , special signs for nasal plus unvoiced stop clusters (ngk, nc, nt , mp) . A text of unknown provenance without buwah ng i mbang is very probably from Rej ang , where these clusters have become k, c, t and p. Neither the Rej ang language nor the Ka-Ga-Nga script was ever used in the schools, but the idea that language and writing belong together was firmly established through the school system . Jaspan accepted this idea , and so he and the Rejang

v vi committee were confronted with the problem of devising a practical orthography for Rej ang in Latin script and also of adapting the old literary script to the spoken language , for which it was utterly unfit. The rencong script has no sign for the e(pepet) sound . A syllable without a vowel sign can have the vowel a or e(pepet) . In many Middle-Malay texts a distinction is made through writing a,h for a in open syllables and no vowel sign for e(pepet) . Jaspan 's helpers found another solution by inventing a new sign for e(pepet) . This sign is never found in old manuscripts. In nfncong script there is no fixed tradition regarding the spelling of the glottal stop . Various methods are used, and this has caused much confusion in modern­ ised Ka-Ga-Nga writing . But the most serious drawback in writing colloquial Rej ang in rencong script is that it has no signs for the frequent Rejang diphthongs ea , ea , ia, oa and ua; that there is no traditional method of writing consonant clusters such as bl , 51 etc. , and that the 'barred nasals' can only be written with the signs for the clusters from which they have developed . These signs are modifications of the signs for the voiced stops , whereas in the Rej ang 'barred nasals' these stops are nearly inaudible . For all these reasons it would be a difficult task to construct a satisfactory orthography for Rej ang in rencong script . The entries in this script in the dictionary are not consistent and it is no great loss that they cannot be reproduced in this edition . with few exceptions they are clearly derived from the orthography in Latin characters. In a few cases, however, some additional information can be derived from them . As Jaspan began making notes in Rejang during an early stage of his fieldwork and almost nothing had been published in this language previously , he had to find his own answers to all the problems of writing it in Latin script. During the time he wor ked on his thesis in Canberra he received some advice from professional linguists , but until the end of his life he never felt quite satisfied with his orthography and kept on ma king changes. Fo r readers of his publications it is difficult to understand his system because of the use of the non-existent word 'fringilisation '. Thereby Jaspan tried to describe the 'pharyngeal ' sound of the diphthongs in which the second component part is a. In using Jaspan 's unpublished folktales , proverbs etc . (now in the Brynmor Jones Un iversity Library , Hull) one should be aware of the development in his ortho­ graphy . Then one will find them a precious source of information . One weak point always remained: the glottal stop had often been neglected in Jaspan 's notations. He tried to get the help of a Rejang speaker when he was editing the dictionary in Hull, but without success. He himself often felt uncertain on this point . Fo r some time he had the help of a non-Rejang Indonesian assistant. Probably the Indonesian translations are partly his work. During Jaspan 's life I sometimes discussed questions of Rej ang orthography with him. My experience of the language was restricted to two months of fieldwork and a few weeks of co-operation with my teacher Guru Al iakbar in 1941. After the loss of my notes in wartime I forgot nearly everything until I found W. Ai chele 's unpublished sketch of the Rejang language in the Kern Institute , Leiden . This brought bac k some memories and on the whole I thought that Ai chele 's analysis of the language agreed with what I had found . However, conflicts between Jaspan 's material and Aichele 's rules could of course not be solved arbitrarily. We always hoped that a copy of my lexicographical notes, wh ich Jaspan had seen in the possession of Guru Al iakbar , would become available and help us solve our problems, but this never happened . So the dictionary was vii

typed (before May 1970, the date of a note in my copy) and later on Jaspan gave one copy to me and one to the Royal Institute (KITLV) in Leiden . He kept the card file , and probably the top copy , but this wa s never found . After Jaspan 's death I still wa ited for my notes, but in vain . At last , W. Stokhof took the initiative to publish contributions to Indonesian linguistics wh ich are lying unused in various collections. It wa s decided to include Jaspan 's dictionary in this project and I accepted the task of editing it in its unfinished state , almost exactly as Jaspan left it. For this edition I have used the carbon copy wh ich Jaspan gave me , comparing it with the card file . This wa s kindly lent to me by the Centre for Southeast Asian Studies , University of Hull.

OLD SPELLING USED The ne w orthography for Indonesian wa s introduced on August 17th , 1972. The card file as we ll as the typed copies of the dictionary , made before 1972 , are in the old spelling and the Rej ang orthography is in accordance with that system, hence : tjatj i, not caci; Redjang, ° not Rejang (but Rejang in the title and editorial notes) ; njabai , not nyaba i; j o, not yo . The institute 's copy wa s retyped in Jakarta in the new spelling, but this wa s done so inconsistently that I could not use it.

DIALECT The language of the dictionary is the Lebong dialect of Rejang as spoken in Topos (in Mergo 5, see map page iv) . Jaspan also spent some time in Padang Bendar (Mergo 13 in the map) . Most wo rds marked UB we re probably collected there. UB means Ulau Biowa, The Headstrearns , i.e. 'the Bukit Barisan foothills facing the sea' . Words marked M, Mu or S are from the Musi dialect. They were obtained from oral information or from the wordlist S (see Abbreviations) .

ARRANGEMENT Except in pigeaud 's Concise Javanese Dictionary it is a common practice in Indonesian lexicography to list the wo rds under their sterns . This practice is not followed by Jaspan . Generally he lists derivations under their first letter but there are a fe w exceptions. Some wo rds wi th the affix be- are listed under their ste rns, e.g. begandeui, but bedeker under b. Often under one derived form other derivations are mentioned . When these have no separate entries I have mostly included them in the Supplement . Sometimes a derived form is given under the stern as we ll, e.g. badu ' also under adu' , bekdeuw also under kedeuw (be�).

METHOD OF THIS EDITION In editing the dictionary I have tried to adhere to the follo wing rules : (1) I changed nothing in the Indonesian and the English text , except obvious typing errors. (2) In the typescript the acute accent ' wh ich distinguishes e from e(pepet) wa s often omitted. I added it wh ere I wa s sure that e is meant. The entries in KGNG script on the cards often we re decisive in this respect. When I felt unsure I left the e unmarked , so there may still be some e's wh ich should be e. viii

(3) The allophone of e heard in a stressed final syllable is wr itten eu by Jaspan , except in the diphthong ea. Therefore e in a final syllable should always be e, but ea may be ea or ea . In the diphthongs ue , oe and ie (occasionally wr itten ije as if it we re dissylabic) e is a we ak pepet. (4) For a long time Jaspan could not decide ho w to wr ite the diphthong ea . He hesitated between the spellings eu"a, eu 'a, e"a, e'a, ea and ea . In his thesis he decided on ea . In the dictionary all the spellings we re found . I have unified them to ea . A fe w wo rds would be homonyms without the difference bet ween eua and ea . There I left the eu unchanged . I do not know wh ether there is a real difference . (5) Jaspan used the apostrophe ' for the wo rd-final glottal stop , but in part of my copy of the typescript he changed these apostrophes to -k in congruence wi th the orthography of Indonesian . I undid these changes, because there is a real wo rd-final -k in Rejang. (6) Word-final glottal stop is often neglected in Jaspan 's spelling . I added it wh en I found any indication on the cards or in the typescript that Jaspan had sometimes heard it. (7) I have deleted all apostrophes wr itten in the middle of diphthongs , but I have not deleted j and w in ija, owa and uwa in wo rds wh ere Jaspan has al ways used them . At the last moment I found that Jaspan wr ites bulua('), not buluwa', in his thesis but it wa s then too late to make this change in the dictionary. (8) An apostrophe in the middle of a wo rd often has no phonetic value at all. I left these apostrophes untouched wh ere they might represent a glottal stop (e.g. in sa' ang, Mal . sarang) . Otherwise I deleted them unless some frequent wo rd is wr itten consistently wi th an apostrophe , e.g. ni 'eun (though it should probably be ni je un) . (9) Jaspan gives some wo rds in their pausal form wi th diphthongised stressed vo wel , e.g. gijes , for gies (Wink 's wo rdlist gis) ill; gemeuet or gemeut mean . Sometimes there is a difference of meaning or use, e.g. t uen a person , but tun Djang a Redjang , menganduen a polite wo rd for to approach, but mengandun sparring for a fight. Here , as in rule 7, I have deleted the apostrophe (tuen not tu'en) but not the j in such wo rds as gijes . (10) In the question of the 'b arred nasals' (see Aichele 3.14.b) Jaspan main­ tained that Rej ang has only nand m, explained by him as n9 and m9 wi th 'implosive attack'. He denied the existence of ny and ng. He spells ndj in mendja'ai and mendjuoa , but nj in dj anjai and panj ang; ngg in me nggeli ti ', menggel itjia and menggrendeng but ng in tangea ' and tingea . I have omitted the dots under d and b and made no further changes . There may be wo rds in wh ich Jaspan wr ongly did not hear a barred nasal , e.g. mnea ' guest for mngea ' (Middle-Malay mendah). (11) It seems that in Rejang the pepet in an unstressed syllable is very we ak and is often totally dropped . When I asked Jaspan why he did not wr ite e in a wo rd like be lau new, he said that his Rejang informants expressly denied that there is an e in such wo rds. According to them consonant clusters are characteristic of Rejang in distinction from Malay , e.g. Rejang t 1 apa ' = Mal . te 1 apa'. The old wo rdlist collected by C .A. van Vloten (LOr . 3391a) gives many instances of this phenomenon . Jaspan sometimes gives both forms , e.g. senadjai and snadjai , teneu i and tneu i (Van Vloten tnoy) . I found one instance wh ere Jaspan makes a distinction in meaning : nelekeut about to affix ; nlekeut affixed. I did not make any changes. ix

(12) Originally Jaspan had made no distinction between homonyms and different meanings of the same word . In both cases he used the numbers 1, 2, etc. However , he began numbering homonyms I and II (e.g. ajo') . I changed 1 and 2 to I and II when I felt sure that the words are homonyms . (13) The unfinished state of the dictionary shows in some translations which are grammatically incorrect , e.g. ten imbu ' is given as an Ulau Biowa synonym of Lebong timbu'; tnimang , Mal . men imang but tn imbang, Mal . ditimbang ; tma'eun , Mal . ditahan but tmangeun , Mal . memukul; genaleus to carry a load on the shoulder instead of : being carried on the shoulder; geni'ok to dri ll a hole , but under gi 'i' correctly: gen i 'i' dri lled. As th is is an edition for scholarly use I have left it to the reader to interpret Jaspan 's information. (14) It is apparent that Jaspan 's informants had only a vague knowledge of Arabic religious terms , e.g. dj us, hadrah , sabea . For this last word they gave a curious explanation wh ich Jaspan repeats , perhaps as a specimen of folk-etymology. I did not add any comments. (15) I have added a Supplement containing nearly 600 words which are mentioned in the dictionary but do not have separate entries . There are no trans­ lations , but references to the articles where they are found . The absence of some of these words in the alphabetical order may be due to the missing of a card from the file when the text was typed , e.g. semendo, tangeun , uteun .

In editing the English translation of W. Aichele 's Fragmentarische Skizze des Redjangi schen I have taken considerably more liberties than with Jaspan 's dictionary . After finding the article in the Kern Institute I wrote to the author and proposed some corrections. There never was an opportunity to discuss these points in a personal encounter , but from Aichele 's letters I conclude that he would have accepted my emendations . I have incorporated them in the text without further notice . Aichele died in 1971 (see Berg , 1972) . In a letter dated 20th June , 1971 , his widow gave Jaspan and me permission to publish an English translation of the article together with Jaspan 's dictionary . Aichele 's German text was translated into English by a student under the guidance of H. Steinhauer , who is mainly responsible for the English linguistic terminology . The translation was revised by me with the help of my son C.L. Voorhoeve in Canberra . Corrections which had not been submitted to the author and notes added during the revision are between square brackets. Recently R. Blust kindly sent me a draft of his forthcoming article 'On the history of the Rejang vowels and diphthongs '. This covers much of the same ground as Aichele 's sketch . It clearly shows the progress of comparative Indonesian linguistics in the last half century . Nevertheless I think that Aichele 's work should still be appreciated as the first scholarly approach to the Rejang language . It also has a more immediate connection with Jaspan 's dictionary , because R. Hasan 's texts , on which it is based , are in the same dialect of Lebong. During the 'last few years several stUdies on the Rejang language were made and some of these were published . It may be expected that it will not be long before the two old studies published here will be of historical value only, but the labours of their authors will not have been in vain .

P. Voorhoeve Barchem , December 10th , 1983 . x

ABBREVIATIONS

act . active Ma l. Malay Ant. Antonym Mid. Ma l. Middle Malay AI'. , Arab. Arabic Mk. Minangkabau Beng . Bengkulu mod. modern co l. colloquial Mu . Musi dialect D. Dutch P. proverb E. English pass. passive EEIC English East India Company I'ecipr. reciprocal ha. halus, polite S. MS LOr.832l, imp. imperative see Bibliography invo l. involuntative SR. MS LOr .7647A , see Bibliography i. v. intransitive verb Skt. Sanskrit J. , Jav . Javanese Sund. Sundanese K. Kerinci s.v. sub verbo , under the word ka. kasar, coarse expression Syn. Synonym (used in a loose KGNG. the entries in Ka-Ga-Nga sense) script on the cards Tag. Tagalog ku. kuno , antiquated t.v. transitive verb l. lege , read VB. the dialect of Ulau Biowa , L. Lebong dialect The Headstreams , see ulau Lamp. Lampung and cf. the map . Lem. (at igeu) perhaps Lembak? + (e.g. under adu ' and gasea) meaning unknown lit. literary language < from M. Mu si dialect, often from S. > to , becomes

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE SPELLING OF JASPAN'S DICTIONARY AND

AICHELE'S SKETCH (see Aichele § 2)

DICTIONARY SKETCH DICTIONARY SKETCH

eu e or 0 tj c eu i ei dj j euw ew nj ny i a/ i ja ia j y oa/owa oa ng/ngg ng ua/uwa ua nj /ndj ny , -' (glottal stop) \"ord-medially - nd n word-finally - k mb iii

Jaspan, M.A. editor. Materials for a Rejang-Indonesian-English dictionary. D-58, x + 172 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1984. DOI:10.15144/PL-D58.cover ©1984 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. MATERIALS FOR A

REJ ANG - I NDONES I AN - ENGLI SH D I eTIONARY

M.A. Jaspan

A

a aksara kedua puluh tiga (jang adat adat; custom , traditional terahir) dalam abdjad Redjang; the practice . � umea ' tango etiquette , twenty-third and last character in manners ; ho ' � a legal right the Redjang syllabary . established by custom; do 0 ba � tun Djang that is the custom of a'ai I. anak sungai , kali ketjil; the Redj ang people ; tun 0 tjoa be r � stream , tributary , brook . that person is uncouth , an ill­ Syn. biowa ti '. mannered person; ter � customary , a'ai II. saki t pada empedu; stitch that which has become �. Syn . tj a'o. (in the lower abdomen) , painful ade ada; be , exist; � - � perhaps , bladder . possibly, dubious ; � - � baj e there a'ang arang; charcoal . is a little, there is some ; what now ! abam bobak , terlentang, tidur; the posture of a child lying on its ad i' istilah sebutan untuk adik back. b � put a child to sleep . ipar; term of address for younger Syn. ul i'. brother-in-law and sister-in-law . abau abu; ash, dust. adjai I. radja , kepala kampung (sebelum zaman Islam) ; ruler , clan abeus-abeus bekas, djedjak; trace , chief, pes irea', village headman trail, mark . Syn. keus . (in the pre-Islamic period, form abeut kira2; more or less , approxi­ of old Javanese haji) . mately. � - � misty , unclear, Syn. pes i rea ' . hazy. Syn. kiro-kiro. adjai II . hadji ; a pilgrim, one who abies habis; finish (ed) , conclude (d) . has made the pilgrimage to Mecca . Syn. tj i ga i . adjang 1. piring nasi ; dish or aboi abai , lalai , lengah, tjeraboh; helping of rice . neglected , disregarded . Syn. 1 a 1 0 i . 2. UB . si sa makanan; remnants of abu' rabuk; tinder (derived from a meal . aren palm) .

1

Jaspan, M.A. "Materials for a Rejang — Indonesian — English dictionary". In Jaspan, M.A. editor, Materials for a Rejang-Indonesian-English dictionary. D-58:1-144. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1984. DOI:10.15144/PL-D58.1 ©1984 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. 2

adj ua hantjur , lebur; broken , akauan akuan ; familiar spirit; destroyed . Syn . lebu'. person , especially a dukuen , who has a familiar or is controlled by adu ' suami ; husband; demua i � to one . Syn. akau . make a cuckold of a husband , cuckoldry; b � 1. copulate ; akea akal , fikiran; wit , skill, 2. Mu. married (for a woman) . sound sense . Syn. lakea . Syn. bat in+, kwat+, man, lakai . akeut 1. angka t; adopted ; ano ' � a'eup harap; hope , hoping . an adopted child; meng � adopt; n � adopted ; k � angka tlah ; lift , aga ' agak , kira2; about , approxi­ adopt , take up imp . mately. Syn . ago' . 2. lebih tua, senior , older. agea kasar, kurang ha lus; coarse, un­ akiet menengadah; gaze upwards. refined; ge I pung j 0 � this flour is coarsely milled. Syn. sabea . akong 1. kereta terbuka ; open, uncovered wagon . agea ' ga gah; brave , daring , bold. 2. tandu , usungan ; Syn. gagea', grot . stretcher , bier . n � borne (on a stretcher or bier) . ageus M. agas, unggas, kerdil; Syn. osong-osong , tandau. midge . Syn. ogoa . akua ' tjara ; method , mode , way ; ag ia' bahagian; portion, share . i ndo � how is it done? in what way? b � give , give away; meng � divide , partition; p � allotment , akubisai ulat bisa ; an insect . Syn. olok ketadau . share , lot ; n � given away , divided , partitioned ; bequeath , akut-akut penjengat; a stinging divide , give away ; sk � exchang­ wasp-like insect . Syn. kakut. ing things , giving mutual loans; alang 1. halangan , sebab, alasan ; � kukang (ga'ija') be over stricture , reason , cause . generous , be injudiciously 2. alangkah; kedau magnanimous towards others , how! � what a lot ! forgetting one 's own needs . alau lalu, pergi ; go ( ing) , (used ago ' agak, kira2; about , approxi­ mately. Syn. aga'. most frequently in conjunction with mo i = alau mo i ); tuen 0 alau ai hulu, udik; upcountry, upstream; mo i Pasar Ameun that person is mi � go upstream , go north (in going to Muara AIDan market. L. and UB . ); tingea na ' � dwell Syn. I a I au . upstream . Ant. lot. ale 1. alas , taplak medja ; table­ ai-a i hai (kata seru) ; ejaculation cloth . Syn. lepe'. of astonishment or appreciation. 2. tatakan; saucer . ajo' I. sebel um; before (of time) . ale' madjelis dalam sedekah , hadirin; participants in a ritual ajo' II . ajakan, saringan ; (rice) festivity, guests at a party . sieve . alea seperti , sema tjam; as , like. akau I. aku; acknowledge ; meng � ac­ Syn. aweu i. knowledging; k � 1. acknowledge imp . 2. having the same name ; n � alea' kalah; defeated . acknowledged ; sk � acknowledging pahon alai ; (Hydrocarpus one another ; p � acknowledgement , a leu i a tree ' nana) conf e s sion , report . planted in secondary forest and yielding edible pods similar to akau II. akuan ; familiar spirit; ptea . Syn. mege'is. person , especially a dukuen who has aleup bagus , baik, elok, tjantik, a familiar or is controlled by one . Syn. akauan . tampan; handsome , good-looking, beautiful. Syn. ba ' eus , tj a I ak, r i k i . 3

al ia' alih, pindah; move , transfer amea amal , perbuatan ba ik; relig­ (of an individual or group) iously meritorious works, good aloi kepuasan , kesenangan ; pleasure , deeds , charity . Syn . amal . delight , sensuous gratification ; ameun I. kalau, djika ; if; 'Vtjoa m'V delighted , gratified, relaxed; if not ; 'V s i aweu i 0 if that is m'V pajea ' relax , rest. so , if that is the case . a lues halus; fine , delicate , sensitive . ameun II. sedjenis pahon ; species of tree . Sadeu i Ameun the village alup ka tjau balau, tidak tera tur; confused, disordered , topsy-turvy . of Ameun near Muara Aman in Lebong, Sy n. balup. capital of Suku IX Marga . Pasar Ameun market town of Muara Aman , ama i I. rami ; hemp . capital of Lebong and former centre of gold-mining industry. ama i II . hama ; parasite, pest . 'V monok variety of fowl pest. ami tidak , tidak ma u; tak usah; no , ama l djasa , kebaikan, amal; charity, do not want. virtue , goodness. Syn. buda i, djaso . an lama , kuno; old , ancient , former. 'Vmi ke' 'V little by little , as time amba ' -+ ambo' went by; b i 'V long since, long time ambea kurang sedap, hamb ar; taste­ since ; kutai'V old (part of a) less , food that lacks salt or some village ; semendo'V (vide semendo) ; other spice, (in kadukunan) inef­ umea ' 'V traditional Redjang house, fectual medicine , medicine that has Redj ang adat house . lost its therapeutic power. ana ' -+ ano ' ambea ' tjeroboh; something left incom­ andeui-andeu i dongeng , tjerita; plete ; ill-completed task . 'V kidJ' fable , legend, folklore (in general) . kidJ' 'V task badly performed; b 'V half-hearted or slovenly work . ando djamban , raki t di tepi sungai untuk tempa t pemandian orang; an ambeut I. lawan, musuh; opposed , an individual household 's floating enemy , opponent . 'V na 'ai dance bathhouse moored to the banks of partner. Syn. laweun , musua' , a river or lake . Syn . eket. rna' ai , mangJ . andu' D. handuk; towel. ambeut II . djala, alat penangkap ikan ; small fishing net . Syn. aneui-aneui anai-anai, rajap, semut; lenga i . ants, termites . Syn. naneu i. amb in kain gendongan; shawl for aneum bahan anjaman dari bambu atau carrying infant on back or at rotan ; material for basket or mat waist. manufacture , especially split bamboo or rattan , occasionally ambo ' bahan rami ; twisted kloi twine , coconut tree or sugarcane fronds . raw klo i before being wound on Meng'V plaiting (baskets or mats) . spindle. Kloi at i n'V the kloi thread has not yet been twisted; angan angan2 , tjita 2; ideal, hope , meng'V to thread k I 0 i. Syn. amba '. idle thoughts , daydream. ambus I. lurus , djudjur, betul ; anga t marah; angry, irritated , baby 's correct, true , honest. Syn. biko' , fretting. Syn. mengija', using. be toa , lu'us. ang in angin; wind , breeze , air. ambus II. 1. tjabul; obscene , lewd ; 'V ibut a strong gust of wind , a 2. atjuh tak atjuh, masa bodoh; gale , 'Vde 'eus a typhoon , a hurri­ thoughtless , inconsiderate , irre­ cane ; rna1 i a ''V a change in the sponsible, foolhardy . Syn . kandj i, direction of the wind ; 'V -'V a getus . rumour . Syn. ibut . 4 angit hangus, sangi t; scorched , apea I. datar , rata; flat , level. burned . Syn. datea . ango i anak babi ; piglet . apea II. hafal, ingat; memorise , study . angu sanggup tetapi tidak bet jus; willing but ineffectual . 'V - 'V apea ' membimbing, memapah (anak) ; kidjang willing but ineffectual guide , lead by the hand . person . apeut rapa t, pertemuan; a meeting , angu' arah, tUdjuan; destination . a session , adjacent . Syn. rapat. Ho i ipeu 'V o? Where are you going? api siapa?; who? ; 'Vgen kumu? What angup mersik, kering, hantjur; is your name? ; 'V peut do o? Who crunched , crushed . Syn. ga 'ing. is that? anies dianjam, dirapikan ; plaited . apo ' apak , tengik, ba u; stale, Aneum'V plaited coconut fronds unappetising . Sy n. apa', saueut , (used for constructing wa lls of teng i ' . huts) . Syn. opot , ni '. apun ampun , maaf; pardon, mercy . anjo' taruhan; wager , bet . Sy n. tu'ua'. 'V tuan initial salutation to ancestral spirits in propitiation ano' anak; child, offspring. rites. Syn. ulon. 'Vapang illegitimate child , bastard; 'Vbele' temdje btulai see btulai ; apung ki l i kiambang; a parasitic 'V ble ui see b I eui ; Ano ' Da I am royal lily-like growth on the surface family and dynasty of Bencoolen of the water in wet paddy fields. before British occupation in 1685; Syn . kiambang. 'V dapeut stepchild, adopted child , ara i sinar, tjahaja; ray of light , foster-child; 'V d kub bs i only i radiance . kindang 'V midmorning , child ; 'V dj u'eui fellow lineageman ; about 8 a.m. 'Vkutjai key; 'Vmatai pupil (of eye) ; 'V penga I i a' gen , 'V tuwa i su ' ang aras arah , tudjuan; direction, oldest child in family ; 'V pi seut, compass point. 'V u'a i su' ang youngest child in area sial , tjelaka ; unfortunate , family; 'V sanga i dancer ; 'V semang disastrous ; tjatjat; impaired , guest , house guest; 'V s aweu daugh­ I i maimed , crippled . Syn. ileut , ter; 'Vsmaneui son ; 'V temdje dj u'eu i, tjelako. 'V men idj e dj u'eu i child of semendo an marriage , returned to father 's area '-area ' 1. barang-barang; lineage to ensure its continuity . goods, chattels; Syn. ana ' M. 2. pakaian ; clothing . apa ' apak , tengik, ba u; stale, as setudju; agreed , in agreement . unappetising. Syn . apo', saneut, asa uri ; afterbirth (term used teng i ' . only in male company). Syn. asea . apa i hampa ; empty or unfilled ears asai rasa , pura -pura , seolah-olah; of paddy or other cereals. feel, pretend , make believe , imagine. 'V grot imagine oneself apang hubungan seksuil gelap; bold or important; 'V patjo' pre­ illegitimate sexual union . Ano ' 'V tence at wisdom , would-be clever bastard, child born out of wedlock . person; 'V tjalak imagine oneself apas 1. ampas , sepa h; (fibrous) beautiful. waste . asea uri ; afterbirth (term used 2. kosong; palsu; empty (promise only in male company). Syn. asa, or report) , false. Syn. peus . tebuna i . 5 as�a hasil; product, result, succeed , ateu i hati; 1. heart; successful. b � to succeed , to 2. liver. � - � be careful , be yield . vigilant !; ba i' � kind , goodly , considerate; k i de ' � evil-hearted, asea ' asah; sharpen ; butau � grind­ malicious; tjoa ade � he has no stone (for chillies) , whetstone . heart , he is thoughtless and in­ aseum asam, masam; tamarind acid, considerate; titi ' � cowardly. vinegar , sour . � djawa i tamarind; Syn. 1 i po S. � kleut fruit of a variety of ateup atap; ateup roof , roofing , forest tree . Syn. pi ' ija'. thatch made of leaves of palm aseun mufaka t, berunding; 1. consent, (Calamus castaneus) . � mba i agreement, joint council, joint thatch made of leaves of sago palm; deliberation . � pakoa roof of split bamboo poles 2. ideal mode of interpersonal and laid over and under producing intergroup intercourse in Redjang corrugated effect; � seng zinc society, moral code for civilised corrugated iron roof . men. b � inaugurate negotiations ati belum; not yet . � sapeu i dj udau or joint discussion in family or he (she) has not yet met his (her) village; d � democracy, common destined bride (groom) . will; k � 1. negotiate ; 2. pay a debt; m � negotiate , consult at ing ranting; branch , twig. Sy n. jointly, propose; n � agreed, rating. decided in joint consultation , at ing-ating earrings . paid , contracted , married ; sk � to conduct joint negotiations. Atj ia' Atjeh; Acheh. Tun � an Achehnese . aseup asap; smoke . Udjung ma r � descendan·ts of original Four atjun ratjun; poison . � amau Red jang Brothers who migrated from poison made of miang-miang q. V., Lebong to other parts of Redjang hairy leaves, irritating tree saps; country . � idup living poison , poisonous organic culture , poison composed of aseut I. dangkal ; shallow. Biowa living organisms ; � mateu i poison doloi 0 � tjoa se 'ap the water composed of inorganic substances , there is shallow, not deep ; meng � poison made of hairy substances; ebb , recede . mbu ' � consume poison , become in­ aseut II. meng � menjiasat; inves­ fected with tuberculosis; nembu ' � tigate . Syn . semaseut . poisoned, tuberculotic . asua ' adik; younger sibling , younger atjung menendang dalam pentjak; to brother , younger sister (actual or kick in the pentjak style . � 1 eket classificatory) . Sp � they are pseudo bel eket marriage; almost brothers, they are sisters, they bel eket ; beleket marriage in which are brother and sister; basua 'neu the bride-price is not completely kuteu (tumbang roj otneu kuteu) paid at the time of marriage . they are his paternal kinsmen; atum atom; atom , atomic bomb. � kutan brother or sister by same olon � cholera , cholera epidemic , father and mother; sp � sudo child­ smallpox . ren of same father and mother, or half-siblings having same father; au ja; yes. Syn. au 'u, u-u . sp � kuj u' children of same mother au 'u see au but different fathers; sp � ah 1 i paternal or agnatic kinsmen . awa ' badan , tubuh; body , abdomen , trunk . Sy n. awo' . atau hantu; ghost, spirit . Syn . i b 1 is, dj in, ruh , semad , 5 i tan . 6 awa i I. tersentuh; touched or brushed Palik, consisting of a coat of unintentionally. Syn . aweu i. hair said to have been worn by the ancestors and to retain a magical awa i II. bu luwa ' � variety of bamboo . quality . It is brought out of its awang rawa , sawah; flooded rice secret hiding place only on occa­ field, wet rice field , irrigated sions of great ritual importance paddy field . Syn. sawea'. such as a mdundang . � duai surum two shirts worn one over the other awang-awang ruang angkasa ; atmos- as was the fashion of Redjang men phere, outer space . before singlets were introduced . aweui 1. seperti; as, like . Ameun bado ' badak; rhinoceros, (Rhinoceros si � 0 if that is so; �neu 0 bsi sumatrensis) . Minjo' � rhinoc­ his (her, its) own image or eros fat , an important item in a apparition . dukun 's pharmacopoeia . Sungau � 2. tersentuh; touched or brushed rhinoceros horn , venerated for its unintentionally. Syn. awai. presumed magical qualities . awo tenaga ; strength , energy. Tjoa Syn. bada'. ade � he has no energy . badoi 1. angin dari laut; sea wind . awo ' badan, tubuh; body , abdomen , 2. badai; storm, hurricane . trunk . Syn. awa'. Syn. i but .

badu' 1. bersetubuh; copulate . Syn. madu ', tjapua , blakai , menganjeua , mengeno '. B 2. sudah nikah , bersuami ; married (referring to a woman) . ba aksara kedelapan dalam abdjad Redjang; the eighth character in ba ' eus tjantik, elok , tjakap, bagus; the Redjang syllabary. beautiful , fine. , excellent . � ni 'eun very beautiful . Syn. -ba -lah; modulating particle de­ tj alak, aleup, riki . noting an imprecation , request or invitation; let us please . mbu ' bagia' (+ ag ia') 1. memberi , � meu i let us eat. memba gi ; give . 2. mi nta ; request. Syn. magia', ba 'ala malapetaka , bahaja; disaster, mleui. catastrophe , baleful influences . bahala bahaja , malapetaka ; danger , baba ' S. kulit; skin. disaster , catastrophe , baleful babea bubul ; athlete 's foot . te � influences. Syn. ba 'ala. knocked down (as a fence by live­ ba i ' baik; good , we ll, fine , only. stock) . Bilai � fine day , good weather ; bada ' M. badak; rhinoceros bito � good news ; bu l eun � the (Rhinoceros sumatrensis). Syn . bado '. month of Ramadhan; lapeun � tasty dish ; pit o ' � fertile soil . badeuw ratjun jang tidak mempan lagi; poison that has lost its potency . baje sadja; only . Dapeut � gratu­ itous, obtained free (without badjang djani n; foetus. � me litang payment); debat � singly, once , foetus lying in breech position . one at a time . � ulau mindas foetus lying with its head upwards. � gugua mis­ bak bak , tempa t air, tangki ; tank , carriage . Syn. ibau-ibau, suting. reservoir. � biowa (tapeun biowa ) water tank , motor car radiator . badjau badju; shirt , blouse . � bu ' psako heirloom of the Bemanai bakang see baking. village of Aur Gading in the Upper 7

bakea tjalon , bakal, candidate, bana ' M. beranak, melahirkan , nominee . � mateui mortal; bertambah; increase , give birth . � pegaten bride (or groom) to be . Syn. bano' . bakea ' I. penjebrangan, channel, banam hantam , hadjar; press hard path , crossing. slang . � tju, � kirai step on the gas ! Accelerate ! Hard as you bakea ' II. pinang, betel nut . can ! (Expression of truck drivers, bakeut kudis, impetigo , scabies , said to originate from the story generic term for skin infections . of an old man who desired an adulterous relationship with his baking kosong, empty. Syn. tjoa isai, tjoa si' ing, bakang. grand-daughter but lacking virility , could not consummate his wish) • bako I. keraba t fihak ajah; paternal bang I. pintu gerbang; doorway , kinsmen. Syn. mbako . gateway. � mego clan, one of the bako II. tangkai senapan ; rifle butt ; four original Redjang clans, � ke ' is kris handle. Syn. pa 1 ea '. Bemanai , Djikalang, Slupua and Tubeui, which together constituted baleui balai ; traditional hall or the Redjang confederation Ojang meeting place , usually of temporary pat pet ulai ; pekeup � door , gate . construction . � panjang long ha ll, specially constructed long hall for bang II. azan; azan , call to prayer . traditional kedjai dance festival bangat sangat buruk , pajah, berat and fea st; de � too many , too much, sekali ; seriously , severely , dan­ excess. gerously . Syn . sangeut , bangeut. bal eum 1. balam; turtledove . bangau bangau; stork . � mleuw 2. pahon balam; tree producing black stork ; � putija' white latex. Pematang Bal eum Djikalang stork . village in the upper Palik marga . bangea ' I. panggilan jang tidak ba leut akar; root . � munjeum a tap diperhatikan; unheeded call or root ; tj oa mudea ' tekot � - � proverb summons. Syn. bingea . it is not easy to pu ll out a deep root , i.e. a person of steadfast bangea ' II. kubangan , tjomberan; opinions is unlikely to be easily stagnant, malodorous wa ter . influenced. � tnoa a leaf with a bangeut pajah, sangat buruk , berat medical value . sekali ; seriously, severely, dan­ ba loi hasil jang sama (dalam pertan­ gerously . Tun 0 sakit � that dingan); equal score , draw (in person is seriously ill. Syn. football and competitive games) . bangat , sangeut. ba l ua nasehat; advice, counsel . bangua memar; hurt in fall, injured Mleui � magea ' tun give directions as result of fall, bruised . Syn. or advice to person . 1 upang , b 1 au. ba lua' bingkai ; frame . � deup ban ia pakok , tonggak pahon ; stump , frame of drum. Syn. bikeui . tree stump . Lebun g tjoa ua ' kun i � like father like son . ba 1 un kain kafan; shroud . Syn. kepan . bano hutan belukar , rimba asli; ba l ung paha ; thigh . Su'eui de � impenetrable jungle , dense primeval single, only . forest. imbo � idem. Syn. imbo balup katjau; disordered , confused, leum. topsy-turvy. Syn. alup. bano' beranak, melahirkan , bertambah; ban beban, muatan ; load , burden , tare . give birth , increase . � ndau give mbin � carry a load (usually on birth to twins. Syn. bana '. the back) . 8 bapa ' M. bapak , ajah; father. Syn. bi � married , person who has been bapo' , tia' . married . Syn . adu' , man . bapo ' bapak , ajah; father . � dapeut bat in II. ba tin; inner , spiritual. father by adoption ; � ti 'ai step­ batjai rimbas , kapak, bel iung ; father ; � ni ' eun real father , small adze . natural father ; � akeut person acknowledged as father . Syn. bapa' , batjo ba tja; read . t i a' . batoi bantai; chunk of meat , raw barat ibarat, umpama , mi sal; for meat (of slaughtered animal) . example. Syn. inde . Syn. bata i . barea ' tak sempurna , tjatjat; batut 1. batal , tidak djadi , gagal; impaired, defective . in vain , failure , unsuccessful. 2. hangus ; burnt or scorched basat miskin, melarat; poor , im­ (cakes or confectionary) . Syn. poverished . Syn. peset. buje. basea berhasil; to succeed , success­ bau I. bahu; upper arm , shoulder . ful . bidang � S. shoulder-blade . baseun bermufakat, setudju, berundi ng; bau II. bubu ; cylindrical fish trap to hold a family of village moot , made of bamboo . joint negotiation or deliberation . bau ' bauk; sideburns, side-whiskers . baseuw beras kawak; stale , rice that has gone red after long period of bawang bawang; generic name of storage . onions . � mi lea' ordinary (red) onions; � put ija' garlic ; � daweun bas ing apa sadja , sembarang; anything, leeks, spring onions . everything, any, indiscriminately. � - � all types, all sorts , every bdai meranti abang (Shore a spp. ); kind; � baj e anything. a forest tree . mat ia � full name of above . base 1. bahasa ; language , speech . � Djang the Redjang language . bdan berhenti; stop . � Me l ajau Ma lay, Indonesian . bdea senapa n, bedil; rifle , shotgun. 2. budi , tingkah laku; virtue, good � mbung duai double-barrelled gun . manners. � - � manner , way , mo de; � bai ' polite , we ll-mannered , bd iang berdiang; warm one 's hand etiquette . over fire . basung tongkol ; empty or defruited bdo ' bedak ; powder , face powder. maize cob . bdok beduk; large drum . � surau batai bantai ; chunk of meat , raw drum of village mosque , used for meat. Syn. batoi . summoning faithful to prayer on Fridays . batang sungai ; river. Syn. biowa . be nanti , sebentar lagi ; presently , batea bantal; pillow, cushion . soon , afterwards , later. � baje � gul ing bolster, Dutch wife. shortly, wait a wh ile . Syn. galang . bea ' I. kata seru menjatakan hera n, bateui sedjenis burung; sort of aneh dsb. ; an ejaculation or ex­ bird . clamation expressing surprise or bat in I. suami atau istri , ora ng incredulity ; really , good heavens , ja ng sudah nikah; husband or wife , incredible ! Syn. dj ibea ' ba . spouse . � tengea ' young husband ; bea' II. bawah; under , below , beneath . � tuai elderly husband ; 9

be 'a' berat, banjak; many, much , begabo ' main-main; to play . Syn. severe , heavy. Syn . sego . us i ' . be 'ang berangan (castanopsis spp . ); bege las berlomba , bersaing; compete . oak tree . Syn. 1 umban . beba'ai sedjenis agas (lalat) ; sort beg iteui tukar-menukar , berganti ; of fruit-fly . to exchange . � nemo ' reciprocal exchange of brides in bel eket bebet bebek , itik manila; sort of duck . marriage, without any exchange of payment or bride price . bedeke r berzikir; to sing praises to Allah. Syn. rat ib. begoro berbaris, penuh sesak , padat; lined up close together , crowded . bedetung takut, gelisah, siap siaga Syn. oron-oron . akan bahaja; afraid, tense , on the defensive , on the ready in case of begu'au berguru , beladjar; learn , attack . study . bek bek ; back (position and player bedjabeui djawi -djawi ; (CaZophyZZum spp. ) sort of tree , similar to in soccer) . bunut q. v. Uses : its fruit as bekdeuw memanggil; to call, to fish bait; planted to counter soil summon . Syn. memangea, bekeno '. erosion and to conserve earth bekedeut bersetubuh ; to copulate , along the upper ridges of gullies. to have sexual intercourse . Syn . Syn. dj aba i . badu ' , b 1 aka i , mengeno ' , menganj eua , bedjutai S. duduk atas kursi , duduk tj apua . berdjuntai ; to sit on a stool, be keno pantas , tjotjok , berkenan ; chair or bench, with feet at a fitting, appropriate . lower level than thighs . bekeno ' memanggil; to call, to bedrut merasa tertipu , sangsi , summon . Syn. memangea , bekdeuw. tjuriga ; to feel cheated , to feel oneself the victim of chicanery, beketebea ' berserakan , tersebar; to be suspicious. Syn. sendrut . dispersed . bee ' ibu; mother. Syn. beui. beki leut bertjahaja , gemerlapan , berkilat, beraga ; shiny, show one­ be ' eng ipar; brother-in-law or self off in new clothes, shining , sister-in-law. � smaneui brother­ brand-new . Syn. ki l �', gemi leup, in-law; � slaweui sister-in-law; betjajo. � tuai father 's elder sister 's husband . beko nangka ; jackfruit. Syn . peko . be 'eui sedjenis beruk (kera) ; long­ beko ' 1. bengkak; swelling , lump , tailed grey monkey, sometimes swollen . 2. bi sul; boil. domesticated and used to fetch bekopoa berkumpul ; to collect, to down coconuts for its owner ; gather . Syn. lungu '. aggressive if angered . belalau kelewatan , ketinggalan be ' eum beram, tape; sweetmeat made gi liran; miss a turn or be left of fermented rice . � djeleui out of something. similar preparation , made of fer­ mented djeleui ; � ubai sweetmeat be 1 a 1 eu i belalai ; trunk (of elephant) . made of fermented cassava . be lana ' M. ikan belanak; grey be 'eut berat; heavy , onerous , mullet (Mugi Z Zongimanus). Sy n. weighty , profound , difficult. be 1 ano ' . 10

Be l ando 1. Belanda i Dutch , Nether­ be l emeuw berlimaui ritual bath with lands, Dutchman . perfumed limewater . 2. orang Eropa i European , white be l ia' liar, tidak djinaki wild , man . � Dj i rman a German , Germans; undomesticated . Ant. dj ino' . � Igris Englishman , Englishmen ; � Mesir an Egyptian ; � Mrika an be l ibeui 1. bertukar . 2. adat American , Americans ; negra i � tukar djudjuri the custom of using Holland , Europe ; tun � Dutchman , the bride-price obtained from the a European . marriage of a daughter as the bride-price for the purchase of a be langa i belanga i skillet for cook­ wife for her brother . Syn. me ­ ing meat and vegetables at feasts . ngua neui makeui l eke t klaweui the be lano' ikan belanaki grey mullet brother marries with his sister 's (Mugil longimanus ). Syn. be I ana ' . bride-price. be lateun putihi white . Bubua � be l imau berlimaui ritual bath with white porridge ; bulau lando' � perfumed limewater . Syn. be l emeuw. white porcupine qu ill, used as be l isit berlapis-lapisi in layers . materia medica. Syn. put ija'. Syn. I isip. be latum basah, basah kujuPi soaking, be l itjong sema tjam kapak , beliungi wet through . Syn . letjea' . sort of adze . Syn. tja tu' burung . be l e' 1. belakangi behind, at the be l iung kapak , beliungi adze . back . � umea ' behind the house; pedea' � adze handle ; kapo' � te � overturned, backwards; large adze . � kedong back (of abdomen); 2. kembali , pulangi return , go beme te belindjang, meminang, ber­ home , come home . Stamang 0 � patjaran i to court , to make love. temdje dju'eui that son-in-law Syn. med i j a' . has returned to his father's bena' M. benak , sumsumi bone marrow. lineage ; � mo i vacillate . Syn. beno' . be l ebo merbahi thrush , yellow­ benas padat, bernas , berisi i hard , vented bulbul (Pycnonotus goiaver filled with SUbstance . Ant. apai. personatus). � pito' brown shrike (Lanius c. cristatus) . benatang binatangi animal , beast. be l eke t + l eke t menikah dengan bendong mengandung, hamili pregnant. membajar djudjuri a viripotestal Syn . but ing, megum bunga i, mendong , nuptial contract; "with bride­ tneu i lai . price", the traditional form of ben eng kura-kura i tortoise. Redjang marriage in which the bride � laweut turtle . became part of the agnatic lineage of her husband and resided at his benea benar i true, correct , honest home and village , her children be­ just, valid, right . Se � - � neu longing permanently to his lineage . in truth, truly, verily. djambeun � deferred payment of bengeus kotori dirty . the bride-price or a part of the bride-price , by prior arrangement bengeuw abu , abu dapuri ashes , soot . before the marriage . Such deferred bengo ' tolol , dungu , bodoh i simple- payment is not possible in the case minded , stupid , foolish , unschooled . of semendo an marriage. � patjung Syn. bodong, ubo , iloa . the final payment , completing the transaction . ben ijowa sedjenis burung rimba i kind of forest bird . 11 ben ik sedjenis lemang; sweetmeat betana M. tempa t memasak gula aren; of glutinous rice , palm sugar and sugar refinery , place for extract­ coconut cream baked in bamboo ing sugar . Sy n. ke 'eun , betano . cylinders. betano tempa t mema sak gula aren ; beno ' benak , sumsum; bone marrow . sugar refinery , place for extract­ Syn . bena '. ing sugar . Syn. ke 'eun , betana . beragam main2, bergurau, berolok­ beteng ikat pinggang; belt. olok; joking, jokingly, not serious. bet i I. ketimun Redjang , bonteng berai I. sedjenis penjaki t; disease suri ; native cucumber with reddish (which cannot be cured but takes pith . its course until the patient beti II. main kelereng; children 's recovers) . game , similar to marbles , played bera i II. gembira , senang; happy , with kemiri nuts . pleased , joyful . bet is betis; foreleg, shin . Bua ' � be raka t berangkat; depart , set off, calves (of legs) ; t1an � shin. leave . be tjajo bertjahaja , berkilat, berakea ' pemalas, bekerdja setjara gemerlapan , beraga ; shining , shiny, tjeroboh ; lazy person , good-for­ brand new , show oneself off in new nothing, wastrel . clothes. Syn . ki 1 e', beki 1eut, gemi 1eup. be rias berhias , bersolek; dress up , get dressed for going out . betj i pelanting; catapult. Syn. panea , pana . berikok-rikok berliku-liku , berbelok­ belok; twisted , a twist. Syn . betj ipoi djari kilang air; spokes 10k- 10k. of watermill wheel . berndo beranda , serambi ; verandah , betoa 1. benar , djudjur, betul ; porch. Syn . brando, branda . true , honest, correct. 2. segan; reserved , unsophisticated . besai besi ; iron . Akup � species Syn. 1 u'us , ambus , b i ko ' . of scorpion; � baje iron , iron­ ware ; � binai magnet; kas � paso ' be tomot duduk bertompang dagu; to pe 1aba i tuen mnea ' sa 1ea' coffin­ sit with chin rested on hand . like cask into which persons guilty Syn. tomot . of serious crimes are placed , after, be tu' rupa , bentuk; form, shape . long nails are driven into it from Sy n. u1eus , peut . all sides, the cask is them rolled down a steep hill; � paso ' nail ; betu'ea' bertuah , beruntung; lucky, semendo � paso' see semendo ; �wadjo fortunate . steel; Biowa Besai Redjang Marga be 'u' beruk; sort of monkey (Macaca in the Pesisia . nemestrina) having yellowish colour, bes irea ' pasirah; the headman of a short tail and red buttocks; sym­ marga , formerly a hereditary posi­ bolises an u1auba1ang q.v. in fables tion but since 1945, elected by and a palace guard in sagas. adult suffrage . � beu i a lady � bu1uwa ' smaller variety of �. headman , a metaphoric allusion to be ' ued sedjenis burung; sort of a bossy or over-officious woman. bird . Syn. pas irea' , pingi ran . beu i ibu, induk ; mother. Syn. bee ' , besu'o' bersorak-sorak; to call out pe 1 ebeui. together , to shout in union . Syn. menj u'o' . 12

beun 1. perangkap; cage of wood and biding 1. tepi , s�s� , pinggir; edge , bamboo for trapping baboons, tigers bank , littoral . and other animals. 2. kelim; hem. Syn. iding, penger, 2. dam , pengempang air; dam , isi a. barrage . bidu' biduk; canoe , bark . beus rotan; rattan . Main varieties bi leal tjatjing kremi ; pinworms , used for housing and farming are : threadworms (the Redjang cure for � dan (Plectocomia Griffithii) ; which is the herb ke ladai-alai). � ge tea' (Daemonorops didymophy l­ lus) ; � lilien (Calamus jarensis) ; bi ' eus djuaran , pantjing; a fishing � opot unidentified ; � pedeus un­ rod . � kewea see kewea . Syn. identified; � po ' ong (Calamus boa . exi lis); � sego (Calamus caesius) ; bigea biga ; solid white residue of � udang (Daemonorops didymophyUus , burnt bamboo from which a type of Korthalsia echinometra) . porcelain is manufactured . bi sudah; already , past. � ade bi ' ing biring; bright yellow or there are already; � sudo com­ reddish-feathered bird , red-skinned pleted, finished , already done ; goat or cow . � an , � mangea ' long ago ; � i 'ai already stale , no longer fresh . bikau biku; bhikku , apical clan ancestor . bia' M. habis dimakan atau diminum; completed , drained (glass or cup) . bikeui bingkai , lis; frame . Syn. Sy n. bioi . lekea ' . biadai sedjenis penjakit ternak; bikoa see ikoa sort of livestock disease , of which biko' djudjur, betul , benar; honest, chief symptom is wasting away of true , correct. Syn. betoa, lu'us, body . ambus . bi lang berang, marah; angry . Syn . biku' tidak adil, main kaju , tjurang, ma rea', meng i j a' . menjalah gunakan; unfair , to take biaso biasa; normal, satisfactory . more than one 's fair share , to embezzle. Syn. i 'at, tje ru ' i', bi 'atjo ' sedjenis tjetjak pohon ; djaro' . kind of arboreal lizard (Ptycho­ zoon) bi l (E. bill) kwi tansi , bon tanda penerimaan ; bill , invoice , receipt . biau utjapan atau sebutan dihutan atau ladang dengan suara "hu"; bilai hari ; day, daytime . Ma tai � call out in greeting when passing sun; ke � midday , noon; se � isolated fields, huts or persons the day after tomorrow; � 0 today; working in fields. Passers-by who � gam the big day , the important fail to � are regarded with suspi­ day , holiday. cion or as potential trouble-makers. bilea I. bila; if. bibija bibir; lip, lips. bilea II. bilal ; beadle , lowest bibo sedih, iba; pity, compassion , ranked mosque official . sad , aggrieved . Syn. ibo , me radju', bileui utjapan atau gangguan gadis2 sed ing, duko . terhadap penganten lelaki ; teasing bidang bau S. belikat, tulang kipas; shouts and screeching mockery of shoulder-blade . girls addressed to bridegroom sitting in ceremonial attire at bideui bidai; rack of spliced bamboo his wedding . � besu'o idem with used for drying tobacco , fish or ' shouts of wa lahuuuu. meat. 13

bi lis sedjenis ikan ; variety of biseui tidak tenang, gelisah; rest­ river fish. less , worried , anxious . Syn. dadea ' , ge I i sea ' . bimbang selamatan , pesta; ceremony, feast. Syn . kedj ai titi " knulea'. bisi ' berbisik; speaking in a whisper . binai berani ; brave , courageous, forward. Ano ' 0 meng indo i tjoa � bitai burung binti ; a species of the child is crying because it is bird . afraid . Ant. sabe un . bitang bintang; star . � kidjeup­ b i ngea bigal , tidak perduli ; unheeded kidjeup twinkling of stars ; (call) , indifferent (to a summons) . � sulua' the brightest star in the Syn. bangea '. firmament. � tlau the Pleiades, the stars that signal the start of bingeun berba tas; bordering, adjoin­ rice planting . ing . Syn. buteup. biteut bintil; pimple , swelling as bingung prihatin , waswas, terkedjut; from mosquito bite . anxious , concerned , careful. Syn. gamang . bito beri ta, kabar; news , informa­ tion . djano � what is the news? binija' benih; seed . how are you? bio' 1. habi s dimakan atau diminum; blabaka i kelabang; hairy centipede . completed (eating) , drained (glass Syn. olok bukeui. or cup) ; 2. biak, banjak; multiplied, numer­ bladeuw membunuh diri ; commit sui­ ous. Ne � glass or other container cide . mateui � death by suicide . fully drained. Syn. bia' . blaka i bersetubuh; copulate . Syn . biowa 1. air, minuman , tjairan; badu ', mengeno I, tj apua, menganj eua . water, beverage , liquid. blang berwarna ; coloured; � dua i sungai , kali; river, stream . 2. spotted , bicoloured , piebald; Kemso' � boil water ; � inoa � tlau tricoloured , motley . spittle , saliva ; � keras alcohol; � ketea ' very hot but not boiling blangin sebangsa pohon ; a forest water; mnea ' � kop i make coffee; tree. Syn. bl i 'angin. � ma ta i tears; � mbas dew , rain­ bIas beras; rice (husked but un­ drops on leaves after rain; mbu ' � cooked) . � kawo coffee beans. drink, imbibe; � mbun mist; � nja urine ; � smaneui semen ; � sunjai blat urat; vein, artery, tendon . water found above joints of growing � buluwa ' windpipe ; � kageun neck bamboo , used as beverage and medici­ vein; ku ' ang � impotent; � lai nally; � susau milk . Sy n. 2. batang . radial artery; opo i � stiff neck; � skuang Adam 's apple. bisai bisa , ra tjun ; insect bite , poison injected through a wound . blateun balar, bulai; albino . � olok dakeup an infection with tun � an albino . swelling and pus produced by contact blat jan trasi ; decomposed shrimp or with an o l ok dakeup; ku ' ang � (tjoa sea fish. Syn. tjalu'. si' ing awo'neu) lacking in moral fibre , morally weak , lacking strength . blatu' burung pelatuk ; a bird . bisan besan ; relationship of parents b I au memar, bengkak; bruised , injured whose children are married to each as a result of fall, hurt in fall. other . Syn. lupang , bangua . bisau bisu; dumb . blea' belah; severed , split. 14

bleseng telandjang; naked . badjau � bobos botjor , bolong; leaky, naked from the waist up ; menda i � cracked . to bath naked (an offence - of the bobot eretan; Redjang sledge drawn same type as urinating whilst stand­ by a buffalo . ing - which is believed to incur punishment by an ancestral tiger) . bodong bodoh ; dungu; stupid , fool­ ish, unschooled , simple-minded . bleui wani ta jang dinikah setjara Syn. i loa, bengo ', ubo . djudjur; a woman married be lek�t, with the result that her lineage bogoa 1. terus-menerus, terlalu affiliation with her parents is banjak; continuous , very much , too ended . ana' � a child of emption , much . boto ' � cough continuously, one who is descended from a fema le whooping cough . ancestor who married be l eket ; 2. ganas , kedjam; fierce , greedy . mleui pmbu' magea ' ana' � to give bokoa bakul ; small basket used a feast for an ano' � kinsman. mo stly for washing rice before Syn. ana' klaweu i. being cooked . bl ia' liar; wild, untamed . bo lon � olon orang sakit, pasien ; bl i 'angin sedjenis pohon ; a forest a sick person , patient . Syn . tree . Syn. blang in. dje 'ija. bl imbing belimbing; a kind of fr uit. bo long berl ubang; holed . tjatj i � 5 cent coin of Dutch East Indi es, bl isija' berselisih, berkelahi ; with hole in its centre , much quarrelling. Syn . gasea , gadua ', favoured as a pendant . brenjeng . bo ros botjor (bahan kering) ; spill bl itu' bengkokkan!; bend! , twist ! out , leak out (dry substances) . Syn. Iitu ' . bote ' ba tuk; cough . blolo' I. ulat kaju; a timber-boring insect. botong bangkai; corpse (of animal). blolo' II. ketiduran; to doze , to bra'ara ' orang ramai ; festive crowd . sleep late . branda M serambi , beranda ; verandah, blor 'obor; a torch (of rattan resin, porch. Syn. berndo , brando . or a bottle with kerosene fuel) . brando branda . Syn. obor. see brenjeng berkelahi , berselisih; blu blao; washing blue . quarrelling. Syn . gadua ', blu 'eun sedjenis pohon rambutan; a bl isija', gasea . tree similar to rambutan . bt ija lebat; heavy , hard , deafening . blulu' I. kulang-kaling; raw fruit Syn. ptija. of the aren palm . bto'o' menugal; plant upland rice blulu' II. kena lump ur; mud-covered. with a dibble. Syn . menuga ', menugea. blungu' berkumpul ; gather, fore­ gather. Syn. kopoa . btulai djurai , keturunan ; descent , lineage . ana ' be le' temdje � the blunjua duduk dengan kaki terulur; custom whereby a child of a to sit with one 's legs outstretched . semendo an marriage is returned to bo ' sebab, lantaran; because, since , its fath er 's lineage , or married for, owing to , in view of . to a man of its father 's lineage in order to compensate its father's boa djuaran , pantjing; fishing rod . lineage for the loss of the child 's � semeti' rod , line and hook . Syn. bi 'eus . father . Syn. dj u'eui. 15 bu ' rambut; hair (of head) . or traps a � will be tracked and � put ija' grey hair , � kreteng attacked by a tiger . curly hair . bu 'ija' buri ; rice powder mixed bua ' 1. buah; fruit. with edible oil (substance used 2. gindjal; kidneys (of animals). for ritual offerings at kedura i2) 3. testicles col. buje ba tal, tidak djadi , gagal; � bet is calf muscles ; � lungeun annul , void . ukum 0 � the judge­ biceps muscles . ment was annulled . Syn. tjoa bua i buaja; crocodile. dj idj ai , batut . bu ' ang I. beruang; bear (ursus bukas terbuka , petjah; torn open , malayanus). ripped open . bu 'ang II. tempa t mendjala jang bukau I. buku; a book . ba ik; a good spot for casting bukau II. buku djari ; knuckle , fishing nets . knuckles . � dj i 'ai knuckles (of buangan keguguran ; a miscarriage the hand) ; � buluwa ' bamboo (of the foetus before it is three knuckles or joints . months old) . Syn. tepatjoa . bukea ' bungkah; a chip, a fragment, bubea ' berubah; to change . a piece . bubua bubur; porridge , gruel . buker « D. kleur) berwarna ; coloured , multicoloured. bubuen ubun-ubun ; fontanelle. � nu gi lembi ' your fontanelle bukeui majat; corpse (human) . Syn. is still soft; a sarcastic remark majit. implying you are still young and bukeum bungkam; to fail to explode , inexperienced. a dud (bullet) . Syn. kes. buda i budi , djasa ; virtue , goodness, bukeut pekat, padat, kental , lekat; charity, righteousness . Syn. djaso, thick , viscous. Syn . likeut , amal . ketea. budjang djedjaka , budjangan ; unmar­ bukit I. roboh , tumbang, djatuh; to ried man , bachelor. tuai � the collapse of its own (as a tree) , captain of the unmarried men at a to fall down . Syn. uki t. kedjai . bukit II. buki t, gunung; mountain . budju' sebangsa ikan gabus; a fish . buko lebar; breadth , width. Syn. budjua pandjang, budjur; long . ke l ibea . Ant. kepanj ang . � tnoa oval; aesthetically ideal shape of human head . buko ' rangka pi ntu2 dan djendela2; window and door frames of house budo ' I. pelajan , budak; servant, under construction . slave . Syn. patjea . bukoa I. belukar, rimba ; secondary budo ' II. mateui � mati waktu forest. � tua i secondary forest melahirkan ; die in childbirth. of more than twenty years, the Bu ' eun nama salah satu djurai di tree trunks are the thickness of Tapus; one of four lineages of an adult man 's thigh . � opot Topos . young secondary forest, approxi­ mately four to six years old. bugai ruangan, aula; hall, front � imbo secondary forest that has room . Syn. umea ' danea '. returned to the state of primary bugo mandung; a wild forest fowl . forest. It is believed that whoever hunts 16 bukoa II. bakul ; a small basket of bundung see bu l ung woven bamboo . buneuw nasi ditjampur dengan ubi bukus bungkus; parcel , package . atau djagung; cooked rice mixed bulai nasi kebuli, nasi kuning; with cassava or maize (a food meui � cooked rice with a yellow eaten by poor people , or in times colouring , served in a phallus of drought) . shape with a vein of meat down bunga i bunga ; flower , flowers, the centre, the whole wrapped in embellishment . a banana leaf. bungas-bungas terengah-engah; out bulau bulu; (body) hair , feathers. of breath . bu l eudn bulan (bahasa hina); month bungut pudjian jang wadjar; praise (in vituperative or irate express­ based on true assessment ; merited ion) . praise. Ant. gungut. bul eun bulan; 1. moon . bunut sedjenis pohon ; (Calophyllum 2. month . spp. ) a forest tree . minjeum � � mda l0 a ring around the moon . an old debt that is unlikely to be repaid ; an outstanding debt . bu l eut bulat; round , circular . te 'eup � barkcloth, used es­ bulija' 1. dapa t, boleh; you may do pecially for the manufacture of so , it is permitted , certainly . blankets and as writing material . 2. berhasil; to succeed , to profit. tjoa � prohibited , not allowed . buoi buaian ; swinging cradle . bura sedjenis ratjun asal dari bul ung penjaki t ternak; cattle disease (symptoms : dry nose , list­ Mekah; poisonous sUbstance be­ lieved to come only from Mecca . lessness, hair easily pulled out) • � idju' an animal. Syn. bundung. burau berburu, memburu; hunt . tukang � hunter . bu l uwa ' bamboo , buluh; bamboo . � awa i a thick variety; � pe 'ing burit pantat; buttocks. bulu � a thick and tall variety; � se 'j feather-like flower of ba leut used for making walls, pe l upua ' tree . and baskets (pan�) . � kapea a small and thin variety, used for burung burung; a bird . � lating making gigi ' for carrying water, a species of forest bird; � gad ing and for making roofs of paddy a species of bird; snai � collar­ granaries and talang houses, or bone ; semendo temakeup � tebang walls. � bauwa used for making see semendo . fences and tobacco-drying trays , buseup membasuh atau mentjutji � temijang one of the thinnest muka ; sponge the face , wash the varieties, thumb-thick , used to face (of someone else) . make hunting spears for hunting wild boars. � mupo a thin exotic bus i-busi bermain-main; play with bamboo , used to make fishing rods a friend. Syn. ma in us i " gabo'. and fishing spears . but berkelahi , rebut; to quarrel , buma i I. bumi ; earth, land : dispute . be � to quarrel; � - � have a dispute ; � tlan tjoa dag ing buma i II. berladang; to cultivate quarrel over some pointless or dry fields. insignificant matter . bumea ' tinggal , diam; to dwell, to butat tuli sebelah; deaf in one ear, reside . impaired hearing in one ear. 17

butau ba tu; stone . ano' � sambea dado dada ; chest . tlan � breast­ sauce pestle; � Pukuet the Pukut bone . Rock in the Ketaun River; � Bimo Bimo 's Rock , an important ethno­ da 'eut darat, daratan ; land , dry historic sanctuary near the source land , upland , terra firma , uphill; of the Ketaun River in the Djika­ up-country ; uma i � a dry rice lang Mergo of Lebong ; � pukea coal , field ; a ladang. dagau dagu ; chin . buteup berbatas; bordering, ad join­ ing . Syn. bingeun. dag ing daging; meat , flesh .

buteuw M. batu; stone , rock . Syn. dakea dangkal; shallow . butau. dakeup penjakit usus ketjil; an buting mengandung, hamil; pregnant . intestinal ailment of which the Syn. megum bunga i, mendong , tneui main symptom is pain in the lower lai , bendong. abdomen. It is believed to be caused by worms . butj is air djeruk; sweetened lime juice . biowa � lime juice . dalea ' darah; blood . � dag ing 1. kinsmen , relatives , blood butj it buntjit; bulging (of stomach) , relatives. flesh and blood . tneu i � idem. 2. dal euk lalat; a fly . buto' 1. pendek gemuk ; stocky . 2. kerdi l, kate; dwarf. dal eun djalan; a road , a path , a � temea ' short and fat . street . kwat na ' � a travelling companion; � tikus a footpath , a butua zakar; penis. Syn. pa lat, jungle path ; � titi ' a sidepath , pIer. a forest path . butut buntut, ekor; buttocks, rear , dana luar; exterior , out , fore . hindquarters . Syn. danea '. bu'us mentjeret; a loose stool, danea ' 1. luar; exterior , out , diarrhoea . Ant. kboboa . fore . ka i � outside . spasua ' � umea ' cousins , literally brothers of different houses . umea ' � the front room , the lounge , the D visitor 's room . 2. aula , ruangan ; hall, front da aksara kelima dalam abdjad room . Syn. dana , bugai , umea '. Redjang; the fifth character in the Redjang syllabary . daneuw danau; lake . � Tes the large lake between Kota Donok and da djangan; do not , don't. � ami Tes in Lebong, at the exit of it does not matter , don 't worry . which is the Tes hydro-electric Syn. dang , mbea '. power installation . da ' M. dedak; husk . Syn. do ' . dang djangan; do not , don't. dadau dadu ; dice , dicing , dice Syn. mbea ', dj ibea'. gambl ing. dap dadap (Erythrina spp.); a tree dadea ' gelisah, tidak tenang; used as a live fence . worried, anxious, restless. dapeut dapat, memperoleh; obtain, Syn. gel isea' , biseui . get , acquire . ana ' � an adopted dadija' dadih, susu; milk, milk child , a stepchild . curds . 18 das atas; on , above , upon . � lenget debukea ' satu, sebuah, sepotong; in heaven , above the earth ; � pagau one , a, a piece . Syn. desoa , in the loft ; � Teb ing a village in detjukea ', debuea '. Slupua Lebong ma rga . deda ' dedak; chaff . daseui didalam rumah; at home , in deda ra i bidadari ; a goddess, a the home . mn � come up to our nymph . house , come in (and visit us) . dede berpisah tetapi bel um ber ­ dasun bawang ketjil; chives . tjerai ; separated, unofficially datai pedati , gerobak; a cart . divorced . sa 'o' � separated but Syn. pedata i . not divorced in law . datea datar; flat , level . tanea ' � de'e itu; that, there . a plain, level land (as around de 'eus deras; a fast current, a Tjurup and in many parts of the strong current . Ant. tenong . Palik and Perbo ma rgas) . Syn. apea , rato, tabea . deke lambat, terlamba t; slow, tardy , retarded . Syn . peke , 1 ido, dau banjak; many , much . ke � ? i dor. how many? ; ke � goneu? how much 1 is it? what is the price? ; � igeu dekemo i pantas , sepadan , tjotjok , too much , more than enough . Syn. sesuai; fitting, suited to , appro­ be ' a' , sego, sep i 'ai . priate . Syn. suswoi . dau' uwa kolam ikan ; fish pond . deko djengkal; a unit linear m � to take fish from a pond . measurement extending from the tip of the thumb to the tip of da 'wa balasan jang tepa t dan the index finger . se � one �. lengkap; a full answer, a truth­ ful answer. Ant. da 'wi . del apang see djelapang . dawa i djelai , djerdjan; millet. demeum demam, saki t; fever , malaria . � ku 'o malaria, fever with en­ dawa t dawat, tinta ; ink . larged spleen . � paneus a high daweun da un; a leaf . � pisang a fever; ulau djawa i � a style of banana leaf, used in cut squares kris handle . as plates and for wrapping foods; � ti 'u' the outer ear . demeun tadi , sebelumnja; early, previous . � semaso previously, da 'wi djawaban jang berdalih; an before . evasive answer, a dishonest answer. demua i memperbanjak , menggandakan; Ant. da 'wa. to double, to dupl icate . � adu ' de- se (awalan) , satu; one , a (im­ to make a cuckold of a husband . plying single) . � bul eun a month ; dendeum dendam, pudjaan , tjinta � maso a year (a Redjang agricul­ mesra ; deep love , adoration . tural year , either 6 or 12 months tjoa ba leus � unrequited love . according to the number of paddy harvests) . dendo denda ; a fine , a penalty . dea sampah , kotoran; dirt , waste , dendung bel ut; a river fish, eel . refuse . pane � a refuse basket, a wastebasket . deno dahulu, duluan; formerly . Syn . duteu . debat sekali , sa tu kali ; once . denpang sedjalan , sedjadjar; nikea ' � 0 bs i married once only. abreast. paneuw � baje to walk debuea ' sebuah , sepotong, sebungkah; abreast . Syn. depang , depang­ a, a cube , once , a piece . Syn. depang . debukea ', detjukea ', desoa . 19

depang sedjadjar, sedjalan; abreast , dipoa sebrang; across (the water , side by side . '\. - '\. idem. Syn . river, lake , sea , ocean) . na ' '\. denpang. laweut across the sea , abroad . Ant. ka kunoi biowa . depatai kepala kampung dikabupaten Bengkulu Utara ; a village headman . diwa M. dewa ; a god , an ancestral among the Redjang of the North spirit. Syn . diwo. Bencoolen regency ; the equivalent diwo dewa ; a god , an ancestral in the Redjang-Lebong regency is spirit. '\.-'\. tu'un the descent ginde , and among the Redj ang Aweus of the gods being the climax of a of the Hu si Rawas regency the term kedjai or mdundang festival . is kerio. The official term for Diwo Pat , Diwo Pat Sadeui the all village headman in the Bencoolen four gods of the village . In province is proat in. Topos these are Diwo Tertang , depea ' sefihak, sebelah; on one side, Diwo Tering , Diwo Buku ' and Diwo one-sided , partisan . Ado Adj e Djenadoa . The diwo2 begat the bikau2 . Syn. diwa . depo depa ; a measure, the length of an adult man 's outstretched arms dja aksara kesebelas dalarn abdjad from fingertip to fingertip. Redjang; the eleventh letter in se '\. one '\.. the Redjang syllabary . derimbak serentak; simultaneously. dj a'ai kurus ; 1. thin , spare , Syn. spo. emaciated . 2. a youngster , a sm all child . desoa sebuah , sepotong, sebidji ; a, awo'neu bi '\. titi ' a small boy , one , (in) one piece. Syn. debuea ' , a sm all girl . debukea ', detjukea '. dja ' ang djarang; rare , seldom , detj ukea ' sebungkah; a cube , one infrequent . cube . Syn . debuea ', debukea ' , desoa . dj aba i sedjenis pohon djawi2; detupang 1. setengah, separo; half . a tree usually growing near a 2. sebagian; a measure . river or lake . Syn. bedjabeui. di disana ; there , yonder . djabeut bintil , bintit, djerawat; didi ' sedikit; a little , few. acne , facial pimples. se '\., sepe '\. one's son's or daughter 's di 'eum diarn, tinggal; to stay, to parents-in-law. live , to dwell. be '\.-'\. to stay still, to keep qu iet. djabung 1. sintrong; a grass, a herb. di 'eun durian; (durio zibethinus), 2. sajuran ; vegetable (s) . durian . '\. belau 'new ' vegetable (?) . di 'eus harnpir sarna , serupa ; almost djadja' deradjat, tingka t; level , identical in form or appearance . rank . samo '\. of the same rank , di 'is diiris, dipotong; sliced . at the same level. dijo ini ; here . '\. ba here it is; dj adjua bari san , deretan , djadjar; this is it. in straight rows , in lines (refers to rice planting) . te '\. broken , dilea' lidah; tongue . be le' '\. to crushed ; se '\. parallel . Syn . tongue twist, to tell lies , a person tjotom-tjotom, le'et , se le'et. of sl ippery ways, able to extricate himself from all difficulties by djagai berdjaga , tidak tidur , resort to chicanery and using his bangun; to wa ke, to stay awake . wits. Sy n. klongon . 20

djagua berbadan besar, tegap, djago; � mentega , � putija', � Lebong . huge , large-limbed , large (refers Oj ambau a village in Marga Slupua mainly to poultry , an insult if Blau , the seat of the Pesirah . used of persons) . dj ambeun djemba tan; a bridge . dj agung djagung; maize . � be l eket see beleket . dja'in (the name of a man in Marga dj amun teratai ; a variety of water­ Biowa Besai who had an incestuous lily . relationship with his sister) . dj anda M. see djando. 1. ga sang; a person of loose morals. 2. sumba ng; incestuous , incest . djando djanda ; a widow, a widower, 3. tjabul , tidak senonoh; obscene , a divorcee . Syn. me rando, me randa . improper, pornographic, lecherous. Oj ang Redjang; Redjang . � Tiang Pat dja'ing djaring; net , a hunting trap , Redj ang Four Pillars (confeder­ a noose. ation) ; tun � the Redjang people ; baso � the Redjang language ; djajo djaja , sentosa , makmur; fortune , lembago adat � Redjang institu­ luck , well-being, prosperity . tions and customs . djakang sedjenis liang; a forest mer � 1. to speak the Redjang liana , a parasite . language . 2. to overcome , to force a path . djakia tulang mata kaki ; ter � 1. capable, able , tough , 1. a malleolus . hardy . 2. kicked . 2. small toe of a fowl or other livestock. djange ' krupuk kuli t, rambak; a Syn. ma tai kekea . delicacy made of fried buffalo or cow hide . djako djangka , waktu; time , period. � 0 keme lalau we departed at that djangeuw kolam jang hampir kering; time ; � mbu ' meui bi lai two p.m. ; almost emptied , a pool with a last � tun bele' kun i duma i five p.m. few drops of water remaining near the outlet . djalai djala; a small, weighted , circular fishing net that is thrown djanggut djanggut, djenggot; a or cast . beard . djalang 1. pelatjur; a harlot, a djanjai djandji ; a promise . prostitute . djanj ing membentji , mual akan; to 2. liar; wild. abhor , to abominate , to be dis­ 3. kedjar; chase ! follow the thief! gusted. uku � su'ang ke r djo 0 I catch the thief! abhor such work ; uku � ngan stu­ me � to follow, to stalk ; kebeuw � angku si 10' mokoa uku I dislike a wild or unstabled buffalo . my wife 's father as he beats me . djaleut S. liang peranakan, vagi na ; Syn . djengi'. pudenda , vagina . Syn. sel it, tata', dj ano apa , apakah (kata tanja) ; u'ut. what (interrogative pronoun) • djalua bekas aliran air; a gully. � bito? what is the news? How are you? Syn. gen . djama i djerami ; stubble, rice stubble , last season 's rice field. djapa i djampi , mantera ; a spell, an incantation . Syn. idau. djamau pesta , djamuan; a feast, a festive meal , a reception . djaro' 1. menjalah gunakan (uang) , mentjuri ; to appropriate , to djambau djambu; a generic name for embezzle. a number of tree fruits i.e. 2. mengambil bagian terlalu banjak , � biowa , � bol , � kl ing, � telung , 21

tidak adil; to take more than dje'ing djering; a forest tree , the one 's fair share , to be unfair . fruit of which is used as a veg- Syn. i 'at. etable . � tupeui a forest tree. djas djas; a jacket , a coat . dje1 E. sel , pendjara ; prison , gaol. Syn. uba'. djaso djasa , budi ; virtue , a good deed , charity . be � virtuous , dje1akea ' akar, pokok; the roots of charitable , kind . Syn. ama1 , a tree which protrude above the buda i . ground level . djata uang suap; a bribe . Syn. dje1apang 1. ba tu gi ling; a mortar . soro', mbu ' su'eup. 2. tutup; a lid, a cover , a gate . kmo � sambea 0 uku 10' misuet tj abe djatai djati ; teak , the tree and fetch a mortar for I want to crush timber . se � original , basic, chillies . Syn . butau isut, butau authentic. sambea, de 1 apang djatung djantung; heart . � kekea dje1as 1. lekas , tjepa t; fast , quick , the calf (of the leg) ; u1au � rapid . the very heart , the centre of the 2. djelas , mudah dimengerti , terang; heart . clear , comprehensible . dja'uwa babi ; a pig, a swine . Syn. gatjang . � imbo a wild pig, a forest pig; dje1eui djelai , djewawut; a cereal , � piaro a domesticated pig; believed to have been offered to � sebong a boar . the Redjang in ancient times by djawea see dja'uwa the gods , but rejected in favour of rice; a variety of millet. djawa i Djawa ; Java. tun � a be ' eum � a fermented acid dessert. Javanese , the Javanese; aseum � Javanese tamarind; odot � Besuki­ dje1eun rakus , tamak; greedy , type tobacco ; � Me 1 aj au a stranger , voracious . a newcomer , not a Redjang ; � demeum dje1eup bidjaksana , pi ntar, tjerdas; 'a feverish Javanese ' (type of kris clever , discreet, wise . Syn. handle cf. Wilkinson Jawa demam and 1ebija' patjo'. Jawa gig i 1 ) . dje1odjo bubu ketjil, sekam; a fish djaweut djabatan , pekerdjaan ; work , trap . Syn. bau, ka 1 0' , 1uka, skarn. labour , occupation . be � to work; se � a colleague . djemang djemang, tjangah tiang; the female joint at the top of a house dj edj 0' I. djedjak; tracks, footsteps . pillar . � tiang a � pillar or 1ubu ' 0 � ka i ku that pool is not column . Syn . ketjakea, tjapang. too deep for me (I can stand in it) . Syn. keus2 , gas , geus. Dj em'at Djum 'at; Friday . Syn . Dj umat. djedjo' II. tonggak , pantjang; stakes djemau bosan, djemu ; boring , monot­ (upright supports in a pelupua' onous . Syn. tepuea . house ) . dj emeun djaman , masa ; an era , a period , djegau singa ; a lion (said to exist time . � ujo the present time ; in the upstream Bintunan area of � mena ' 0 the past ; te � lonely , quiet . North Bencoolen). Syn . singo. djemoa mendjual ; to sell. mbea ' � dje' ija orang saki t, pasien; a sick do not sell, withhold the sale . person, a patient . tun dedau teko kemuwat tun � the custom of rela­ dj emun sarang babi hutan; a boar 's den . tives coming to keep a sick person Syn. 1 emun . company until he or she recov ers . djen S. zakar; penis . Syn. butua , Syn. bo1 on . pa 1 at , sea' . 22

djenang pelajan , pengatur; a ser­ � imeuw outstanding good luck , vant , a retainer . � kedj ai a successive good luck . person appointed chief server at dj eti ' 1. pohon djentik; a tree a kedjai; � sobong the judge or with edible fruit . referee at a cockfight ; � 0 in 2. mendjentik; to flick with the the past , once upon a time . forefinger and thumb . djenaro ' menangkap ikan setjara dj i 'ai djari ; a finger . bukau � gotong rojong; to trap fish collec­ knuckles; � donok the middle tively, fish trapping by closing in finger ; � kekea a toe ; � man is on a pool from all sides . the fourth finger ; � nini the djendjo' menduga dalamnja air; to little finger; � tunj u' the index

measure the depth of water , to finger ; � - � the spokes of a fathom . Syn. djedjo' . wheel . djeneukijo bidjaksana , tjendeki a, dj ibea ' djangan; do not , don't. pandai ; discreet , thoughtful , wise . Syn. dang , mbea ', i bea ' . Syn. dj uaris. dj ibea ' ba kata seru ; an exclamation djeng i' bentji , iri ha ti ; to hate , or ejaculation expressing surprise to dislike , to be jealous . or incredulity , really, good heavens , Syn. dj i dj i " djanj ing. incredible . Syn. bea'. djengki djengki ; tight trousers , a dj idjai 1. djadi , setudju; thus , teddy-boy style. � minjo' tjeme 'e consequently , let it be , agreed , trousers so narrow in the leg it verily, indeed . would seem necessary to pour a 2. terdjadi ; happen , occur , be . drop of oil to pull the trouser Mulo � the creator of the world , leg over the calf of the leg (a the beginning of the world and sarcastic characterisation of man . Syn . dj idj oi . teddy-boy trousers) . dj idjea' musim hudjan ; the rainy djenibit + dj ibit diambil ; taken . season , an exceptionally wet period . be � rainy , continuously djen idjai + dj idjai didjadikan , raining. Syn. pemedj ea '. mendjadi ; has become . dj idji' bentji , djidjik, iri hati ; djenija' djernih; clear , limpid . to hate , to dislike , to be jealous. djenoa didjual ; sold. Syn . djanj ing, djengi '. dje 'o toba t, djera ; to reform , to turn dj idjoi M. djadi , setudju; thus, one 's back on evil. Syn. tobat. agreed , consequently, let it be , occur . Syn. dj idjai. djeprau sedjenis musang; an animal (civet) . dj i 'eut kuburan , makam ; a cemetery , a graveyard . Syn. kubua . djerea ' mendjamu setjara rojal , pemurah; to receive a guest hos­ dj ikeut I. lekat, peka t, rapat; pitably , to be generous . sticky, glutinous , stuck . Ant. kisiet. dj ikeut II . keringat, peluh; perspir­ djeriau kasau; rafters , floor ation , sweat , to break out sweating, supports . a sign of illness through pos­ sion , sorcery or the breaking, djerija sedjenis burung hutan ; a consciously or unconsciously , of a forest bird . taboo . Syn. meteng . djerka i redjeki , untung; luck , dikeuw mendjangka u; to reach out , fortune . � mu 'ea' good luck , to stretch out one 's hand to take good fortune ; � lai excellent something. fortune ; � ku ' ang bad luck; dj ileut mendjilat; to lick . 23

dj il ia' tanggub , tidak ma u, alasan all Redjang sweetmeats usually jang di -bua t2, menunda ; full of made of glutinous rice, cassava excuses , reticent when asked to or pumpkin with either spices or help, to make weak excuses . Syn. coconut and sugar . � tlo a hard tangua ' . confection . Syn. lepeng . dj imat djimat; a talisman , an in­ dj uaris bidjaksana , pandai , tjen­ herent magical power . Syn. takea . dekia; discreet , wise , thoughtful. Syn. djeneukijo. dj in djin, setan , bantu; a spirit, a demon , a jinn . Syn. ibl is, djuaro abli , djuara ; a champion , an semad, sitan, atau, ruh . expert, a master. dj ina' M. djinak; domesticated . dj u'au ambang pintu atau djendela, Syn. dj ino' . pendjuru; door lintel and window frame uprights . dj injit mendjindjing; to carry by hand . dj ubea ' djubab; a robe , a hajji's robe . dj ino' djinak; domesticated . Syn. dj ina'. Ant. bl ia'. dj udau djodob , pasangan; a divine appointed lover, a spouse . dj ip kaleng mi njak atau bensin; a ati � neu he (she) has not yet jerry can . setom � a utility found his (her) predestined spouse. car , a jeep . dju'eui asal-usul , keturunan , dj iwo 1. djiwa; soul , spirit, person . djurai ; descent , agnatic descent 2. tabiat; character , nature . line , lineage , patrilineage , lin­ bukau � register of population ; eage segment . mutus � without � tun 0 lujeun he has a very further descendants, the end of a different character (from most lineage , resulting from the death people) . Syn. njabai. of all its members ; ana ' temdje � djoa S. ulau � zakar; penis. the custom whereby a childless Syn. butua, djen , palat, sea'. couple or unmarried adult adopts a child to prevent a lineage from djobor dubur; piles , haemorrhoids . becoming extinguished ; bele' djodjoa muntjul , nampak; to appear , temdje � the custom of returning to come out, to emerge . te � pop one child of a semendo an marriage out ; posok � the buckle of a to reinstate its father 's lineage . bridegroom 's ceremonial belt. Syn. dj urai, roj ot , sukau, tumbang. Syn. djoloa. dj u'ing lereng, tebing; broken , djogoa terbelakang, tidak tjerdas , uneven . tanea ' � broken country , lemab ingatan; dull , slow to learn, steep-sloped hill country. educationally retarded , education­ dj ulat diperbanjak , dikalikan , ally sub-normal . berulang kali; multiplied by , djokong tongkang, djukung; a flat­ repeated , times. � tlau times bottom loading craft . three , multiplied by three ; men � - � to repeat . djoloa see djodjoa dj uleui berbibir tebal; thick­ djolok djulukan , gelar; a nickname , lipped , overhanging lips , an a familiar name . gen � nu? who overhanging ridge . do you think you a�e? Syn. tjado' . dj ulu' ga lab; to point a stick up­ djopoa sedjenis ikan; a fish. wards (to knock down fruit etc.) . djuadea ' djuadab , uli , ma nis2-an; Dj umat Djum 'at; Friday . Syn . a sweetmeat , a generic term for Djem'at. 24

djumeut kojak, sobekan ketjil; do l dewasa , aki l baliq; a tear. djenumeut darned , sewn , bi 'V 1. menopause , past child­ repaired . bearing age . 2. a girl who has been deflowered . dj un djatuh, terdjun; to fall. doloi di si tu; there , yonder . djungua mul ut; a mouth , a jaw. 'V yonder , across there . Syn. ngus . 0 do loi-doloi bergeser sedikit; to djunjung mendjundjung; to hold up , move up a little, to shift a to raise up , to carry on the head. little. Syn. indi-indi. djuoa djual , mendjual; sell . dolom djarum; a needle . men 'V to sell . domos daki ; caked mud on the body djurai-djura i ber-djumbai2, rumbai; of a person . ano ' dau 'V na ' tassled . Syn. djuroi-djuroi . 0 awo'neu that child has a very djurau-djurau pesuruh; an envoy , dirty body . a messenger. dongu ' dungu , penjaki t pada anak2 djuroi-dj uroi ber-djumbai2, rumbai ; dan ajam; a disease characterised tassled. by listlessness , it is reported both for children and poultry . djus bab, fasal atau bagian dalam Sy n. dungu '. Kuran; chapter of the Koran . supea ' tlau pulua' 'V to swear an dono ' see donok. oath of thirty Korannic chapters , donok tengah; middle, centre , in to make a solemn pledge . between . na ' 'V laweut in mid­ djuteui mendjuntai ; to sit on the ocean ; Kota Donok a large village side , to sit on the edge of a on Lake Tes in Lebong, formerly stone , log or chair , the feet not the seat of the Bemanai Dj ikalang reaching the ground or floor . marga ; dj i 'ai 'V middle finger . Syn. na ' tengea ', dono '. djuwit-djuwit sedjenis burung; a forest bird . rnai n 'V - 'V to play do 'o itu; that . 'V ba that 's it; seesaw. 'V si there it is. dlapeun delapan ; eight . 'V pulua' dopet dompet; a wa llet . 'V I a i a eighty . valise , a shopping bag, a satchel ; 'V titi' a purse . do satu, tunggal ; one , single . Syn. tungea . dopoa dapur; a kitchen .

do ' dedak; husk. Syn. da ' . dot dot; a baby 's dummy , a soother . doi be 'V njanjian pantun2 kuno oleh dua i dua l two . bd�a mbung 'V a seorang budjang atau gadi s; type double-barrelled gun ; 'V bIas of sambeui sung by a girl or boy twelve ; 'V pulua ' twenty ; 'V otos alone , e.g. : two hundred ; ka 'V - 'V neu both of Sakan ku segan ba ' ume sawea ' them . Syn. duo i M. Belum ku tahu rari pad i du 'au laron ; a flying ant , flying Sakan ku segan be rserambea ' ants . Syn. redu 'au. Be l um ku tahu ret i njanj i The vocabulary of berdoi draws duka t dukat; a ducat , a gold coin of heavily on Pasemah , Lembak, Portuguese origin, now frequentlY Kerintj i, Old Malay and Javane se , faked , weighing 2� gm ., a coin in combination with Redjang . frequently treasured as an heirloom by Redjang villagers . 25

dukau buah duku; the duku fruit. E dukea 1. kepajahan ; exhausted , weak eet buruk , djelek; ugly . mbeui � through fatigue . a hag , an ugly and withered old 2. lumpuh; senile , infirm as a woman ; pakeu i � torn old clothing result of old age . (used for work in fields) . duko duka , sedih; sad, aggrieved , eket raki t; a raft . Syn. ando . pity. � ateu i aggrieved . Syn . seding, meradju', ibo, bibo. e 1 a i njala , menjala; alight , ablaze . opoi 0 bi � the fire has already dukuen dukun; a herbalist , a medicine been lit, the fire is now ablaze . man , a diviner . � betenung a diviner , a divination specialist; ember ember; a bucket . lemau � a �' s craft or skill; embon bau; a smell, an odour . kadukuen the knowledge and prac­ � um a scent , a pleasant smell; tice of a �. � usu' foul-smelling; � anjea dukuet rumput; a weed , a grass , a a smell of putrid food ; � pi ' ija' herb . The principal weeds in an acrid smell; � maung the smell Redjang country include � be l ando, of young bamboo shoots . � djabung be lau, � djeraming, embun embun , awan ; a cloud , clouds. � kanjai , � usu' . biowa � dew; � mleuw heavy rain dung ular; snake . � biowa a water clouds; � putija' mist. snake ; � bisai an adder; � sawai, emde ' kehulu, mudik; upstream , up­ � sawea ' (Python reticulatus); country. Syn. mude' . � snuk, � napa mua i a cobra; � ma taibilai (Maticura bivirgatus); enau enau, aren ; the aren palm . � 1 ida i (AhaetuHa ahaetuHa) . gulo � palm sugar ; idju' � other known snakes are � buluwa ' thatch of palm fronds . pe lmeng, � idjo, � kumbang, � mi lea' , endau kembar; twins . bano ' � to � pemua i, � pita, � tebel idang, give birth to twins . Syn. ndau. � tiung . Syn. tedung . epen gi gi ; tooth . ke 'o � dental dungu tak berdaja , lemah; lifeless , tartar ; petup � a dental cavity , listless, jaded . dental caries . dungu ' pri hatin, wa s2 , gelisah; esep isap, merokok; to smoke . anxious, worried , concerned. Imp . kesep. � ua ' peke ran anxious and with faraway thoughts . Syn. renjeng, keringat; perspiration , sweat . me renung. to perspire , to sweat . duoi M. dua ; two . Syn. duai . dupet see dopet . G dupo dupa , pedupaan ; brazier . � opoi brazier or any vessel , such ga aksara kedua dalam abdjad as an enamel plate or mug, used for Redjang; the second letter in the burning charcoal and benzoin in­ Redjang syllabary . cense at ritual occasions such as kedura i and sedekah . ga 'ang garang; a bamboo platform beside or behind the kitchen, used duteu dahulu, dulu, sebel umnja , masa as a night lavatory and a place lampa u; before , formerly, previously . for storing bamboo water vessels, � ni 'eun in ancient times , long and washing up dishes . � panjang ago . Syn. deno. a � made for a feast . 26

ga 'au gaharu; a tree , a type of ga 'ing garing, mersik; brittle , benzoin, similar to kemenjeun q.v., crisp . Syn. angup. from the ga ' a u tree . Its bark , cut gajea pajah , rumit, pelik; diffi­ in shivers, is used to impart a cult , hard . fragrance to water that is to be used for ritual purposes . gajeut mulur; elastic , easily stretched . gabo ' be � main-main; play with a friend , go out with a friend (most galai mengganggu ; to interfere , to commonly used with reference to . interrupt , to disturb . meng � children) . Syn. ma in usi " bus i­ to interlope , to intercede , to bus i . interfere. gabus gabus , prop atau tutup botol ; gal ang bantal , gandjal, ga lang, a cork , a bung , a stopper . kalang; a pillow, a headrest , a wedge . Syn. batea . gading gad�ng; ivory , an elephant 's tusk . Aur � (literally, ivory ga l eus ambin, tali bantuan; bamboo) a large Bemanai village shoulder straps . and former seat of Palik marga in galid hampir; almost , nearly . the headstreams . � betu'ea' Syn. gesea . magical ivory , a sacred tusk ; � tj it mottled ivory ; � kebuet ga ling berajun ; to sway from side a solid ivory tusk (without a to side . centre cavity) ; gadjea ' be � an galo' 1. suka ; like . elephant with tusks; burung � a 2. galak , garang; fierce , wild ; species of bird . angry, furious, wrathful mod. gadjea ' gadjah; elephant (elephas ga I ua ' mengaduk , mengatjau (makanan); maximus) . � kumbang a black to stir, to mix (food in a cooking elephant; � minong a sea elephant ; pot) . � me ram an elephant on the attack, a threatening elephant ; � biring gam besar; big, large , important . a reddish elephant; � meniting a bilai � the big day , the most grey-yellow elephant . important day (in wedding, a contest, the year) . gadua ' 1. kuat, teguh; potent . 2. ga duh , berselisih; to quarrel. gamang prihatin, waswas , hati-hati ; tjoa te � not up to the task, anxious, concerned , careful . weak , impotent ; � tun o! inter­ Syn. bingung, ki ' 0 spiet. rupt that person !, disturb that gamba r gambar; a picture , a likeness , person! ; be � to quarrel . a representation , a verisimilitude . gadung ga dung, sema tjam urnbi2-an; � i duep a cinematographic film . a variety of cassava , poisonous gambija gambir; gambier . if not soaked before cooking. uba i � a root plant , eaten in gamid menjentuh dengan udjung djari , times of famine. mernberi isjarat; to beckon , to nudge , to call by a gesture . ga 'e' mod. (Mk. gaek) orang tua; te � nudge unintentionally . an old man or woman. Syn. tun tuai, tia' tuwai , indo ' tuwai. ganau ribut, tjektjok; quarrelling , quarrelsome , conflicting. gagea ' gagah; brave , bold, daring. Syn. grot, agea '. ganda i kutjai , bawang ketjil; chives. ga 'ija' terlalu rojal , boros; over generous , lavish in generosity . Ant. gemeut. 27

gandeu i be � penghabisan bimbang gaung djurang dalam, lembah dalam, (pesta) tjara Redjang. ngarai ; a deep chasm . Syn. leko ' 1. person for whom a kedjai is leum . held , person celebrating his or her own kedjai q. V. ga u ' u t gar uk , menggaruk; to scratch. Syn. gwe'u. 2. kedjai that lasts all night . Mutus � the last dance of a gawang gawang, bolong; a hole , a kedjai, in which the bridegroom cutting. himself leads the dance . gawea pajah , susah ; tired , fatigued , ganea ' air mani ; semen. be � to troubled . Syn. pajea ', bripiet, ejaculate . sundeui, 1 ito' .

gango I. sedjenis pahon ; a forest gea ' ku. gagah; brave , stout . Syn . tree . gagea ', grot . ganga II. (imp. of mengango ) buka gebneu mengapa , apa sebab; why . mulut!; open your mouth ! Syn. gen bneu, djano tai. ganjea mengganti , menukar ; to gedong ge l sung djam dua belas , change , to exchange . Syn. giteui. tengah hari ; twelve noon . ganus habis, selesai ; finished, gedu ' kandji , tjabul , nakal; lust­ completed , ended . Syn. tj igai, ful , lecherous , mischievous . abies. Syn. tjaleun, kanjai, tjaleuw. ga rang garang, bengi s; evil, gedung gedung, bangunan ; a building, malicious . a house , a construction . � retjano 1. a traditional leader gariem garim, bilal i muezzin. of Redjang adat , philosophy and garo ' I. kasar; coarse . thought . Prior to the Japanese occupation there was such a person garo ' II. ga ruk; a disk cultivator . in almost every Redjang vil lage . gas bekas, kesan , tanda ; a mark , a 2. a council house . sign , a scar , a track . Syn. keus2 , gegeus 1. wa tas api ; a firebreak . geus , djedjo' . 2. paha t untuk pandai besi ; a gasea be � + berkelahi ; quarrelling . chisel for iron work . be � rapid, Syn. gadua ', bl isija', bnfnjeng . very fast; me � to make a fire­ break . gas ing gasing; a top , a spinning top . ge l abea ' 1. boros , roj al; extrava­ gant , wasteful , unthrifty . gaso gelisah; restless , anxious. 2. hasil panen jang kurang; a poor Syn. ge 1 i sea ' . or disappointing harvest . gatang I. kentang; a potato . ge 1 ang gelang; a bangle , a wristlet. gatang II. ukuran , empa t tjupak ; a gel anggang lapangan , tempa t menja­ measure , equal to four tj upo' . bung ajam; an open field , a sport gatea ga tal ; itchy, irritating. field, a gaming area . gateun sedj .pahon ; a tree. gelatjau sia-sia; in vain . Syn. kebambangan, sebambangan. gatjang tjepat, lekas , kentjang; fast, qu ick , rapid . Syn . djelas. ge l engam see gerengam gatun sebangsa pohon ; a forest gel go' masak , mendi dih; boiled . tree . � meui rice gruel, much favoured as an invalid food ; biowa bi � gatung gantung; hang , . depend . the water is boiling , boiled water. te � hung, dependent . 28

gel ibeut sekeliba t, sekedjap; in a gemadua ' mengganggu ; to disturb , flash , in a wink of an eye . to interrupt ; to interfere . Syn. gurek, gembea . ge limbang memukul , mendera ; to thrash , to shake a child in anger . gemamit mendjawi l, menjentuh; to nab , to nudge , to fiddle . Syn. ge l injong gerak-gerik jang tak gem i ndoa . pantas; unexpected , unseemly (behaviour) . gemanja denjutan djantung, debaran djantung; heartbeat . ge I i sea ' gelisah; worried , restless , anxious. Syn. dadea ', biseui. gemasea memperkosa ; to rape , to abduct . gel itai guntur; distant or delayed thunder. gembea mengganggu ; to disturb , to interrupt , to interfere . Syn. ge l itjija 1. tergelintjir, terpe- · gurek, gemurek, gemadua '. leset; to slip , to slide . 2. perangkap rusa; a slippery gembeua anak kembar; the simulta­ slide trap for deer. neous birth of more than one baby . � duai twins ; � tlau triplets ; gel i tung lekuk; uneven , not level, � pat quadruplets . Syn. sndau, twisted . ndau. ge lmor mata uang kuno; an ancient gembung gembung, gendut; a bloated gold coin. wang � an ancient stomach , a corpulent stomach , a gold coin wh ich used to be used potbelly. for the payment of bridewealth . gememe gojang, gemetar, berojak Mk.; gel pung (J. glepung) tepung; to shake , to quiver, to roll. flour , meal . � bemban starch; Syn. kumtea, kemtea . � dawa i millet flour; � ganjong flour of an edible root (Canna gemeuet kikir; mean , stingy , edulis); � gendum wheat flour ; thrifty . Syn. kisiet, gemeut . � po i ba i' rice flour; � po i gemeus bentji , djidjik, gemas; to pulut glutinous rice flour; hate , to dislike , to loathe . � susu milk powder; � uba i cassave flour , tapioca. gemeut kikir; stingy , mean , parsi­ monious . Syn. kisiet . Ant. ga 'ija' . ge l sung siang hari , tengah hari ; midday, late morning, noon . gemi leup bertjahaja , gemerlapan , tidua me � to sleep late in the mengki lap, beraga ; shiny, shining , morning. brand-new, show oneself off in new clothes . Syn. betjajo, ki le' , ge l ung segulung tali , seikat tali ; beki leut . a roll of rope . � beus a roll of rattan; � tedung a snake 's gemindoa mendjawil, menjentuh; to coil. Syn. I i I iet. nudge , to nab , to fiddle . Syn. gemamit. gelungulau 1. lantai ; floor . 2. bagian kepala tempa t tidur; gemiteui mengganti ; to alter , to the headboard of a bedstead. change . ge lut be � bergulat, main2; play , gemleup mengelam, menggelapkan; to romp . � bibija joking, joke; darken , to obscure . � kanjai lewdness, lechery; Syn. mengel imbang , mengeleum. � tangeun fight playfully, cuff , gemu ' 1. gemuk ; fat , suet. rough-and-tumble ; � tjaleun 2. gendut; a paunchy or corpulant impolite gesture, especially stomach . sudden grasping of l�dy 's hand or 3. santan; coconut milk or cream . improperly touching her person (offence punishable in adat law) . 29

gemurek mengganggu; to interfere, gergadji ; a crosscut saw . to disturb , to interrupt . to saw . mbea ' � seter abis butauneu don 't gesea hampi r; almost, nearly . interfere with the torch or its Syn. gal id. batteries will die . gesua be � bersentuh , bergeser; gen 1. nama ; name . grazed, scratched . 2. apa (kata tanja) ; what . � klo'nu? what do you want? getas mudah patah, rapuh ; cracked, � tai? why? ; � kakua '? how? ; brittle. � si what is the reason? , why? getea ' getah; latex . � kulus the genaleus memikul ; to shoulder, to poisonous sap of the kulus tree ; carry a load on the shoulder . � para rubber latex . gendut gendut; a corpulent or get ing alu, atau benda berbentuk paunchy stomach. Syn. tneui lai . alu; any object, such as a rice stamping pole which has a slender geneup genap , tjukup; full, complete , part at the centre . enough , sufficient . tjoa � in­ sufficient , not enough . getjea gindjal ; kidney . geni'ok mengebor, menggerek ; to geto 1. rumput untuk makanan drill a hole , to make a small hole, ternak; a weed used as fodder for to bore a hole . Syn. gi' i', gi 'ok. buffaloes. 2. genta; a cow's or buffalo 's gen iteui diganti ; altered , changed . bell . genjai puas; satisfied , sated . geto ' see getu '. ge ' 0 ' be � bergerak; moving, acting. getoa bakul besar; the largest Syn. begero' . Redjang basket made . It is used gepo gempa bumi ; an earthquake . mostly during rice harvesting where the rice gathered in a gepung mengepung, melingkari , tjendang is transferred success­ mengelilingi ; to surround , to ively to a�. A � contains the encircle . volume of nine tjendang baskets . gerengam geraham; molar . � apa i getu' kelentong kerbau atau sapi ; wisdom tooth . Syn. gel engam . a wooden bell worn round a gerobong saluran air, talang; an buffalo 's neck , made of lebeun aquaduct , a pipe . Syn. pemetung . or beko wood . Syn. geto'. geroso ' sesak nafas (hanja anak2) ; getus tjabul , kotor; obscene , to breath heavily (in children) . pornographic , lewd . Syn. ambus, Syn. mengas. kandj i . ge rsek antara , diantara ; between. geup-geup berpel ukan ; to embrace . Padang Gersek Bulan a mythical geus bekas, kesan , djedjak; tracks, place in Redjang folklore . trail, marks. Syn . keus2, gas, gerudo garuda ; a mythical eagle . djedjo' . gerutut ka. kasar , tidak halus; gi jang, masih; who , which, that , coarse , rough . Syn. gesau ha. , still. au � yes , that one ; keseut. Ant. Iitj i en . � di peu? which? ; si � kerdjo he is still working. gesau ha. kasar , tidak halus; coarse , rough (for surfaces) . gi 'i' menggerek , mengebor; to drill Syn. gerutut ka. , keseut . a hole , to make a small hole , to 30

bore a hole . gemi ' i' to drill ; gleup kilat, halilintar; lightning . gen i 'i' bored , drilled . gleus mendadak ; urgent . Syn. gi 'ok, geni'ok. glong tjatjing, gelang2; a worm , gijes saki t, merasa njeri ; painful, a tapeworm . teu i � the excreta aching. tneui � a stomach-ache , of a forest worm , which forms a colic , diarrhoea ; ge � painful, conical mound about ten inches smarting, in pain ; � - � very high with a diameter of about painful ; � ateu i broken-hearted , three inches . Such mounds are an aching heart. considered a sign of high soil gil ija gi liran, generasi ; gener­ fertility . � teneui intestinal ation. � - � by generations , worms ; � bl ia' a jumping worm ; generation after generation. � gun ia a tapeworm . gilo gi la; insane , mad . ko jo � gmado memukul ; to strike , to beat . you are insane; � jeun petit mal , gndit tali djimat; a talismanic moon crazed; � renang partially thread or cord worn by babies and insane ; � kanjai lecherous , lewd , infants around the lower abdomen . lustful. gnusut menggosok; to scrub , to rub ginang sebangsa lepes ; a variety dirt off one 's body . of cockroach, sm aller than the domestic cockroach . go harta , harga ; property, sub­ stance , price . ginde kepala dusun , kepala kampung di Redjang-Lebong; a village head­ go ' kuatir, bingung; to worry , to man in Redjang-Lebong. be anxious, to be perturbed . Syn. proatin, depatai. tjoa si � ulea ' tun he does not care about oth ers ' troubles . gingong sedjenis ketjapi ; a jew's­ harp . gogoa kandang ajam; a poultry pen , a poultry house . gi ' 0 (VB. gi 'a) sedjenis pahon ; a forest tree , wood of which is gojo lambat, pelan; slow. be � used for making a triangular pot ­ to start out , to leave ; be �-� rest for cooking at feasts . to go slowly, to walk slowly, to amble; � - � slowly , gently, cas­ gi 'ok mengebor, menggerek ; to dr ill ually; � ba deteu ! start first! a hole, to make a sm all hole, to go first! Syn. tjendo. Ant. bore a hole. Syn. gi' i', gen i 'ok. djelas, gatj ang . giro' mentjutjuk sebuah lubang; to mod. parang besar, gol ok ; press dirt out of a hole, to clean golok a large sword . a pipe . Syn. goro' . gondo ' kuntum , tunas; a bud . giteu i ganti , tukar; to change . � ti 'euw mushroom spawn . be � to exchange , to replace (persons) ; me � to exchange , to gondoa gundul , botak; bald , bare , replace (goods); gen iteui ex­ naked , stripped , leafless . changed , changed . Syn. ganjea . ulau � a bald head . Syn. gonong . glam kaju gelam; a forest tree . gong (imp. of megong) pegang; hold, meng � to hibernate, to be en­ touch. cased in a hole or dark place . gonong gundul , botak; bald . glas gelas; a tumbler, a glass. tj ukua � to shave the head bare; ulau � a bald head . Syn. gondoa . glesung lesung; a rice mortar . � tikus dimples. Syn. lesung go 'oa' guruh , bunji air terdjun ; pijet VB . the distant roar of a storm or a waterfall . Syn. gu 'ua'. 31

gopo ' lapuk; rotted (wood) . of anthropoid origin but of power­ ful build . goro be � sesak, pada t, berbaris pada t; crowded , bunched together, gugut tjutjuran darah waktu haid, lined up close together . haid jang berlebihan ; haemorrhage be � - � dense , without order . in women , excessive menstrual flow. Syn. oron-oron ha. se � a mythological insect wh ich attacks a month-old foet us , if goro ' mentjutjuk sebuah lubang; the ensuing indisposition of the to press dirt out of a hole , to pregnant mother is not treated clean a pipe . te � pressed out , expeditiously by a dukun she has cleaned . Syn. giro' . a miscarriage . Syn. ketadau, got got , saluran air , talang; a medau, skili'. chasm , water-tunnel, an aquaduct . gule' berbaring, tiduran ; to lie Syn. gerobong, pemetung . down . � - � lying down , dozing . gring sakit, demam, gering; a fever , guleui putjuk2 tanaman , bajam; a child's malady . � ku 'o a high a vegetable , spinach . fever , a splenetic fever . Syn. demeum. gul ing tiduran , berbari ng; to lie down . te � lying down , resting; grobo ' lemari , lemari ketjil; a batea � a bolster, a Dutch wife . cupboard . Syn. kabad. gulo gUla; sugar . �-� sweets , grombong rongga , lubang; opening, sweetmeats; � mi lea' = � nau the cavity. � jung nostril; � keut crystallised sugar of aren palm a cavity in a wa ll; � epen a den­ sap; � tebau cane sugar ; tal cavity , dental caries . � putija' white refined sugar ; grot gagah; brave , bold , dapper, � niowa ke l apo sugar boiled with daring ; tun � a stalwart, a brave . coconut ; � ka ij it unfinished Syn. gagea ', agea' . sugar . guatea ulat; an insect pest destroy­ gul ung gulung; a roll, to ro ll . ing the fruit of the pinang . � odot a ro ll of tobacco . gu' au guru ; a teacher , an instructor , guma ' kotor; dirty , untidy , filthy , a mentor . be � to learn; tanea ' unclean . Syn. gumo', ngeui . ubeut mengubeut ka ' eum tanea ' � gumbo ' be � berketjimpung, pertji­ mengadjea patjo' a land of medicine kan air; splash water . and learning, a literary and ritual denotion of the village of Topos in gumeui sedjenis penjakit kulit, the Lebong highlands . bintil, eksim; a skin disease , eczema . � meu i a rash; � den dung gubu air kotor; contaminated or a contagious disease . polluted water . gumo ' kotor , kumal; untidy , dirty , gu' eum 1. guam , sriawan , saraf; filthy , unclean . Syn. ngeui , thrush, stomatitis . guma ' . 2. penjaki t ternak (kaki dan mulut) ; a fatal cattle disease gunai goni , karung; gunny , sack­ (foot-and-mouth) . cloth . Syn. ka 'ung . � tungap syphilis; � tjumea gung gong, tjanang; a gong , one of haemorrhoids, piles, nasal polyps ; the three basic instruments in a � te 'us a stomach ulcer ; Redjang kl itang orchestra. � pedjeun dysentry. Gung Badas a former village , east gugua keguguran; a miscarriage . of Topos , now deserted, believed to be still inhabited by its de­ gugua ' budak; a slave , the mythol­ ceased inhabitants' spirits . ogical ancestor of slaves who was 32

gunia' pelangi , bianglala; rainbow ha ' hak, mi lik, harta ; right , (the Redjang believe a rainbow to property . Syn. ho '. consist of three colours , yellow, had batas ; limit . kerdjo smaneui green and red) . o tjoa ade � that man works with­ guno guna ; use, utility . djano � out limit . neu? what is the use of it? hadrah mod .Ar. 1. hadrah; a Muslim tjoa guno useless. sect . gunung-gunung 1. pembidik; gun or 2. kepada ; to . rifle sights. hal I. (E. hall) ruangan, ba lairung; 2. hiasan bunga setengah bundar; hall , chamber , vestibule. elliptical decorations. � don ok the middle or inner room Syn. i tjar. of a house ; � muko the front gurek mengganggu ; to disturb , to room , the visitors ' room , the interfere , to interrupt . lounge . Syn. gembea, gemadua '. hal II. rintangan , halangan ; gureng menggoreng; to fry, to obstruction , interference , diffi­ roast (without fat) . genureng culty . tun 0 ade �neu that fried, to fry with oil. person is obstructed (from coming) . gusti dewe Lit. tuanku ; my lord . hawa mod. hawa , udara ; air. msoa � to take the air , to take a gusut gosok ; to rub . walk , to go for a stroll, to gather " gutau kutu; body lice . one 's thoughts; � sengo ' cold air, a draught ; � pane us warm weather . gute"-gute makan perlahan-lahan dan sediki t2; to eat slowly and pains­ het mod.Ar. haid; menstruation , takingly , to nibble. menstruate . Syn . mt i s-atis. ho ' 1. harta , kekajaan ; property . gut ing mod. gunting; a pair of 2. hak , mi lik; a right . � psako scissors, clippers . inherited property , an heirloom ; � wa ris inheritance ; � mi li' a gutjang gontjang; to shake . right , rightful property , owner­ gutua guntur, petir; thunder . ship . Syn. sem i toa . gu'ua' guruh, bunji air terdjun ; the distant roar of a storm or a waterfall. Syn. go 'oa'. i 'ai basi , busuk; putrid, fusty, gwe'u djedjak , bekas garukan kuku; gone off , decomposed . marks of scratching of earth , as by tiger 's paw . � k i deuw a tiger i 'ang sedjenis pohon ; a forest tree . track left by its left foot , this being an auspicious omen ; � kaneun i 'at tidak adil , tjurang, main kaju; unfair , an unfair division , to give a tiger track left by its right foot , this being an omen portend­ little but expect much in return . Syn. biku', tjeru'i', dj aro'. ing danger or disaster . Ant. Syn. gau 'ut. lu'us. ibau sedjenis pohon ; a forest tree . ibau-ibau djanin; embryo , foetus . H Syn. badjang . ibea ' djangan; do not , don 't. ha aksara kedelapanbelas dalam Syn. dj i bea ', mbea', dang. abdjad Redjang; the eighteenth letter in the Redjang syllabary . ibeun sirih; betel. � pna 'o betel 33

of the ancients, the ritual offer­ idjai djadi , maka , kemudian , lalu, ing of betel with a formal address lantas; thus , consequently, and of welcome to important or distin­ so , and then . guished visitors . � tanje betel idjat bidji buah2-an; a stone or offered to visiting ano ' sangai pip (of fruit) . � sel it the dancers on their arrival at the clitoris. Syn. soa . festival hall of a kedjai . Syn. i lim. idjo biru, hidjau; blue , green. � I aweut sea blue , sea green; ibeut bungkus, bungkusan makanan ; lenget � a blue sky; � tebo dark a parcel , a wrapping of leaves, green . cooked food wrapped in a leaf . d � one parcel of food wrapped idju' idjuk aren ; aren fibres. in a leaf ; � meu i a parcel of ateup � an aren-leaf roof ; cooked rice ; � pingang a woman 's ti lai � aren-fibre twine ; belt or girdle ; � meui semen do pingija � a spindle for winding large rice parcel . aren fibre . ibl is iblis, ruh , hantu, djin , idup hidup; live , life . setan ; a spirit, an evil spirit, iet kuat, erat; strong, powerful . a devil. Syn. sitan, ruh, atau, Syn. klea, i'it. dj in, semad . igai lagi , terlalu, sangat; too , ibo sedih, iba; sad, agrieved , pity. exceedingly , very , again, more . Syn. bibo, me radju', sed ing, duko. Syn. igeu, kulo. ibut angin; wind, breeze, air. igeu Lem. terlalu; too , exceedingly, Syn. angin. very . smaneui jo bi � neu that idang baka t; a rash , spots on the man has gone too far , that man has body . � pe ' ang yaws . overstepped his limits . Syn. igai, kuneu, kulo. idangan hidangan ; refreshments. igeuw ribut , pertengkaran , perse­ idau djampi , mantra ; a spell, an lisihan; a quarrel . � baje tun incantation. meng � to issue a di those people are just having spell, to cast a spell; nidau to 0 a quarrel . be cured of a demon after it has been driven off by a spell . igis 1. lidi dari idjuk ; the hard Syn. dj apa i . centre vein of an aren-palm leaf . 2. kalam , pena, a quill, a feather idea ' I. idah; 'Iddah ' or period pen , an aren-fibre pen . during which a widow or divorced woman may not remarry . ihl i ahli waris sedjurai; an ag­ natic co-inheritor . idea ' II. tidak menentu, ti dak keruan; aimless. i'is litjin , rata , halus; smooth . Syn. papeut . ideup ben � mengaduh , merasa saki t, saki tan; ailing , suffer from a i'it kuat, erat; strong , powerful . chronic disease. meng � feel Syn. iet, klea. pain. ijau ikan hiu; a shark . idiem tertib, beres , teratur; order , ijeus kuat; hard , forceful , vigor­ proper arrangement . Syn . ket ipan . ous. 10' � mabea ' he wants to iding 1. deka t; near , close by. chop forcefully . 2. si si , udjung, pinggir, ba tas; ijot keturunan, asal-usul ; descent , edge , end , extremity, border. descendants , offspring . smaneu i Syn. biding, penger. o tjoa tmingea � that man has no descendants . 34

ijung S. hidung; nose . Syn . jung . imbua ' tambahan ; an increment , an increase , an addition . ika ikal, keri ting; curled, curly . act. meng imbua '; imp . kimbua'; Syn. ikea . pass . nimbua' ; recip . skimbua'; ikar ingkar, tidak menepa ti djandji ; invor. teki mbua '. Sy n. tambea . to retract, to break one's word . imea ' bertjetjeran ; to eat sloth­ i kea ikal, keri ting; curled , curly. fully , the food falling on clothes bu 'neu '" her hair is curly . or around the plate . Syn. ika. imeum imam; imam , the senior offi­ ikis sedjenis ikan , ringki s; a cial in a village mosque . '" me rgo river fish . the official imam of the marga ; '" ket ib an expression signifying i koa ekor ; a tail . b'" with a tail, the religious forces of a village, tailed; meng '" to dig, to follow, the official representatives of to go with, to accompany ; n '" dug . Islam in village life; '" kutai ikot-ikot tjatjat, pintjang; lame , the community imam ; '" sadeui the limp . Syn. tj ikot-tj ikot. village imam . ikut meng '" mengangkut, memikul ; imeun iman , kepertjajaan ; faith, to carry on the back . belief (in God) . '" neu tjoa ku 'eut his faith is weak . ilan sedjenis ikan selar; a type of sIan, of black colour . imeut hemat, hati2, teliti; thrifty, careful, meticulous . ileun ganas, rakus , tamak; greedy , Syn . isip. avaricious . Syn. lobo' . imeuw harimau, ma t jan ; a tiger . i 1 eut aneh; strange . '" neu the '" batau-batau, '" me 1 i kat a magical strange part of it , the strange or ancestral tiger which has four thing about it is ...; '" neu kide toes , according to Redjang belief, the bad thing about it is ... in contrast to the usual five . It Syn. sle. never attacks innocent people , but il im sirih; betel. Syn. ibeun . is dangerous to anyone guilty of such crimes as giving short weight ilo elo, jar, ukuran pandjang untuk or measure , adultery or promis­ kain; a yard (thirty-six inches) . cuous sexuality , urinating whilst ilo' 1. terhindar , elak; evade , standing up or at a sacred place , avoid. bathing naked and corruption in 2. berliku-liku; tortuous , windy . public affairs ; '" dan a spotted '" dal eun jo this is a windy road . tiger , a leopard ; '" selas ija' a panther; '" tungau a sacred tiger , iloa ha. bodoh , tolol ; stupid , a magical tiger. foolish , unschooled. Syn. bodong , bengo ', ubo. im-im desas-desus , kabar angin; a rumour , gossip . ilon ku. tudjuan , maksud; inten­ tion , purpose . imoa sanggup, sedia; willing . 10' '" diligent , kind , attentive . imbo rimba ; primary forest, jungle . '" bane impenetrable jungle , ina hina , penghinan ; an insult, unvisited jungle ; '" leum deep a humiliation . Syn . ino. forest , jungle ; '" lumang a small inang inang pengasuh , pembantu area of primeval forest surrounded seorang pengantin; a bride or by secondary forest , clearings or bridegroom 's attendant . indo ' '" field ; '" mbudj ang secondary forest a bride 's attendant , a bridesmaid ; 27 older than years , in which the bapo ' a bridegroom 's attendant , largest tree trunks are of the a bestman . thickness of an adult man's waist . 35

indau rindu; to yearn , to suffer 2. inai ; henna . b � to stain the from nostalgia . fingernails with henna , a ritual requirement for a bridal couple inde andai , umpama , mi sal, ibarat; before the climax of their Sy n. for example . barat . wedding is reached . indea ' aneh; strange , unusual, inoi II. minta; to beg . m � to curious. Syn. sle. ask , to beg. indi-indi bergeser sediki t; to move inoi-inoi minta2; to beg, a beggar . up a little, to shift a little . Syn. do loi-doloi . inuet ku. arus, haluan , arah; direction, course . indi' -indi 'S. djari kelingking; little finger. Syn. dj i 'ai nini . ipeu ma na; a word of interrogation , where . mo i � where are you indo bagaimana ; what, how . � akua ' going? ; kuneu i � ? (usually iteu? what will become of us? ; abbreviated to kundeui peu) where � gen akua'? why? have you corne from? ; na ' � where? indo ' ibu, induk; mother , matrix, ipeui bantuan , pertolongan ; assist­ dam . api gen indo ' neu? what is ance , help , a contribution . his mother 's name? ; � mude , � u'ai meng � to aid, to help out , to a stepmother ; � semang a host; subsidise; mo ' � to fetch help , � semang dagang a wholesaler. to fetch aid . Syn. ma '. ipeun rapih, tera tur, beres; excel­ indoi sedu , tangis; to cry . � baje lent , neat , tidy. tun depea ' umea ' keme the people next door are having a difficult ipit memegang, merapat, deka t; to time . get close to something, to touch , near . � - � tight together , close ingan lit. perbatasan ; a boundary, together. a border, a limit (of a task) . ipo' penjaki t lumpuh pada itik; a ingeup hinggap ; alight (as a bird) . disease affecting ducks and geese. ingeut ingat; to remember . tjoa � ipua ' ipuh; 1. a forest tree . forgotten , not remembered ; k � ku 2. Its bark used in manufacture in my memory, as far as I can of barkcloth, the best variety of remember. which for blanket manufacture imp . �-�, kingeut; pass. tingeut; comes from the � monok tree . recip. skingeut; invo l. teki ngeut . 3. a potent poison made from the ingup susah , pajah; strenuous , root or sap of the � tree , it is burdensome , tiresome . used mixed with bait in squirrel and bird traps. ingwa sedjenis pohon ; a forest tree . ipun menghimpun , mengumpulkan ; to ino hina , penghinaan ; an insult , collect , to gather . ano ' � the a humiliation . meng � to insult; spawn of the mekus fi sh . meng � - � to abase , to humi liate . imp . kipun ; pass. nipun ; Syn. ina. recip. skipun . inoa air ludah , air liur; spit, irang mulus, tidak bertjela; spittle . unspotted , unblemished . inoi I. 1. sebangsa pohon ; a tree , kamb ing � an unblemished goat the leaves of which when crushed (for sacrificial purposes) . produce a dye extract used for iris mod. iris, radjang; to shred , staining the fingernails of a to chop finely ; ng � odot to shred bridal couple. tobacco . Sy n. sna'it, mlading. 36

isai isi ; content (s) . '\.0 niowa the jam-jam mainan , tidak sungguhan, pith or meat of a coconut . lelutjon ; a toy , a plaything, a diversion, an amusement . isia sisi , tepi , dekat; edge , close Syn. t j e'i I t j e . by , near . Syn. iding. jau ikan hi u; a shark . is i n izin, permi si ; a permit, a pass . jeun setengah gila, sinting; partly isip teliti , ha ti -hati ; careful , insane . gil o '\.o moonstruck , moon meticulous. S n. imeut . y crazed, crazy , off balance . iso bukan ; no , not . '\.0 si it is jeus keras hati ; harsh, fierce . not so , it is not like that . jo ini ; this, these. isoa-isoa mendahulukan; two persons mutually giving preference to each jung hidung; nose . '\.0 bet is shin (s); other , e.g. each saying "please go grombong '\.0 nostril, teui '\.0 nasal in first" . mucus, snot . Syn. ijung .

isut butau '\.0 a mortar . itan intan; a diamond . itar ajakan , saringan; a rattan sieve . K itas-itas 1. mengambil hati ; to win ka I. aksara pertama dalam abdjad the heart of someone , to help a Redjang; the first letter in the person . Redjang syllabary. 2. kira2; L. approximately, more or less. ka II . ke , kepada ; to , towards . nameun kenoi ko itas-i tas ma 'sud kaba ' musang ketjil; a small ketje'neu 0 do you understand the carnivorous animal (similar to a meaning of what he has said? mosong) . Syn. kabo' . iteu ki ta ; we , us . Syn. teu . kabad E. mod. lemari ; a cupboard . itip-itip penuh sekali , sangat Syn. grobo I. penuh; overfilled , full to the kabea I (imp. of mabea ' ) potong; brim . S n. mlumbeup. y cut, slaughter. itjar see gunung-gunung . kabeun I. rombonga n; a group , party, itjas lintjah; quick-witted , agile . a crowd . '\.0 - '\.0 in groups .

itji '-itji I orang jang suka kabeun II. anda , engkau; a polite mengintip-intip; a peeping Torn , expression of address used for a peeper. addressing a person of higher rank or who is older than the ito-ito orang jang suka mengadu , speaker. Syn. ko . mulut usil; a malicious gossip, a troublemaker . '\.0 baje it is kabeuw pahon kabau; a forest tree , only gossip. the fruit of which is used as a vegetable. mbon '\.0 an acrid , urine-like smell. J kabo ' musang ketjil; a small carnivorous animal (similar to a ja aksara keenambelas dalam abdjad mosong). Syn. kaba'. Redjang; the sixteenth letter in kabu'-kabu' dinihari , waktu fadjar; the Redjang syllabary . dawn . dong '\.0 dawn is breaking . jakin mod.Ar. jakin , pasti , per­ kabuet kabut, awan ; fog , mist, low­ tjaja ; believe , to be convinced. lying cloud . Syn. petjajo. 37

kabulato mod. karburator; carburet­ kajo kaja , berada ; rich, wealthy . tor . � ulau biowa rich by village standards ; � rajo very rich . kade mungkin; possible. tjoa gi � Syn. sugia', kaj a. it is impossible . kaka ' kakak , abang; older sibling , kadjea (imp. of madjea) an older brother or sister . mengadjarlah; learn . Syn. kako' . ka ' eum karam, tenggelam; to capsize. kakau (imp. of makau) mengakui ; to Syn. ka rem, ke lbau. admit , acknowledge . ka ' eun sembuh, sehat; well (after kakea tempa t; a place, location , an illness) , recovered . site . Syn. pnan , pe 1 aba i , kedukan . Syn . r i gang. kakeu i (imp. of makeu i) pakailah! ; ka 'eus sedjenis pahon ; a forest use ! tree , from which a fine quality barkcloth is made . kakeun panggi lan untuk kakak ipar; term of address for an elder ka 'eut berkarat; rust . brother-in-law or sister-in-law . kaganga aksara Redjang, tiga huruf kako ' I. kakak , abang; older sib­ pertama didalam abdjad Redjang; ling , an older brother or an older the Redjang alphabet (the first sister (actual or classificatory) . three letters of the Redj ang kutan an older sibling having alphabet being ka, ga, nga) . � the same father and mother; kagea mendjemput, menda tangi ; to � ti'ai an older step- or half­ fetch , to call, to bring . sibling . sa lea' � an aberration. kako ' II . sanggup, sedia; willing , l'ecipl'. skagea . agreeable. kemako ' kerdjo 0 to kageun leher; throat . blat � perform a task . Sy n. kanggu '. jugular vein. kaku ' bangku dapur; a low wooden kag i a' + ag i a' memberi , membagi ; bench usually placed before the to give , to share out . sal ing � kitchen hearth . to exchange , to give to each other . kakua (imp. of makua) pa tjullah; ka i VB . 1. di ; in , at . hoe . 2. karena , sebab; because. kakua ' + akua ' bagaimana; how? � danea ' outside , without ; � leum inside , within . kakut I. angkut2; a variety of wasp (cuculus micl'op terus ). ka i' i' ka . menjimpan , memel ihara , Sy n. akut-akut . mengawasi ; keep , look after; � lapeun leum kabat keep the kakut II . angkatlah; lift ! food in the cupboard . Sy n. kneup . ka lai VB. kaladjengking; a scorpion . ka i keup selubung kain; to wrap Sy n. ka lo L. completely, except for the head , kalau ka lau, barangkali ; perhaps , in a sarong . possibly, if. � - � approxi­ ka 'it karet; rubber . mately ; �-� si 10' if he so desires, if he wishes it . kaja kaja , berada ; rich , wealthy . Syn. kajo. ka lea kelelawar; a cave bat (hipposidel'os spp. ). kajea mabuk; strong (used of Sy n. k 1 awea . tobacco) , intoxicating . 38 ka lea' kuli t; skin , peel, epidermis. on an open fire with a bamboo � bilai outer skin of fruit ; skewer passed transversally � puen tree bark ; � kijeuw bark­ through its body ; � sel nge ' dried cloth . fish ; � ulau timea ' an exotic fish , introduced by the Dutch ka leut ka. gerak orang sedang colonial government in order to bersetubuh; the rhythmic motions reduce mosquito breeding in the of a man during copulation. rivers and irrigation channels; ka Ii' (imp. of rna Ii') balikkan; � mudjaher a pond fish , artifi­ turn up . � mengal i' to pull up cally bred ; � sIan a giant river or roll up each other 's trousers. eel . Varieties of Sumatran river fish: � ila i,� putija', � mekus UB. ka l ia' (imp. of rnaI i a') pindahkan ; move ! kandang kandang; 1. a fence around a field to keep out cattle and ka l ing (imp. of ma l ing) tjuri !; wild animals. steal !, rob . 2. a cattle byre . kalo kaladjengking; a scorpion . bang � a gate in a cattle fence ; Syn. ka lai UB . � djakang a cattle fence ; � susun a fence of wooden and ka lo' sekam, bubu ketjil; a fish bamboo stakes laid horizontally trap . Syn. skarn , djelodjo, luko , between wooden uprights or poles. bau. kandj i 1. tjabul; obscene , lewd . kal ung kalung; a necklace . 2. � mani' a bead necklace ; � mas tak atjuh, tidak perduli ; thoughtless, irresponsible , a gold necklace ; � sis i' skea a inconsiderate . Syn. ambus . necklace containing a charm or protective talisman , worn by kandoa kantung; a bag made of woven babies and infants. kapea bamboo , and used especially for pressing kepah iang oil nuts in kambau keruntung; a small rattan an oil press . tun 0 aweui � a pouch , worm strapped to a fisher­ person who is short and fat . man's waist in order to hold his Syn. utjang . catch . � injeup the lid or shutter or a �. kandun datang; to come , to approach . � mengandun to come from opposite kamb ing kambing; goat. � uteun directions . a mountain goat (Capricornus sumatrensisJ ; � irang put ija' kaneun kanan ; right, the right side . a white unblemished goat, used tangeun � the right hand ; kideuw! for sacrificial purposes such kaneun ! left ! right ! as kikea . kaneut (imp. of maneut) bantingkan ; kamea pergelangan; a wrist. throw down . kamea ' djahat; evil, bad . kang kepi ting, ketam; a crab . Syn. kide'. kangea panggil; call. Syn. kdeuw, kamo kongsi , gabungan; a company , knok. an association . kangeun I. mengharap; to hope . kamuko terkemuka ; to the fore , foremost. tun � na ' sadeu i j o kangeun II. memberi makan ; to feed , provide food . � indau to grow the foremost person in this village . thin through anxiety or yearning . kangeut kesemutan; a prickling kan ikan; fish . msoa � to fish; sensation , pins and needles, � pe tj uk me ludjua a fish grilled numbness in a limb . Syn. klangeut . 39

kanggu' sanggup, sedia ,taat; willing , karem VB. karam , tenggelam; to cap­ agreeable, obedient . Syn. kako' . size . Syn . ke lbau, ka ' eum.

kangu' tudjuan; destination, loca­ kariru mod. keliru; wrong , incor­ tion, place . tjoa tau � he does rect, in conflict . tjoa � it is not know where he is going . not wrong , correct .

kanjai kedji , kedjam, ga sang, kas peti , kotak; box . tjabul ; lustful, rude , obscene , kase sedjenis pisang; a variety of lewd , lecherous , pornographic. banana . dukuet � a blackjack; � kekea 1. to trip a person inten­ kasea ka. dikubur; buried . tionally. 2. to move a knee up and Syn. kenubua, nelajang ha . down in rhythmic succession , an kaseun + aseun (imp. of baseun) action which signifies enjoyment , 1. berundinglah; negotiate , zest or lust . deliberate jointly. � matai to stare provocatively , 2. bajar; pay (a debt) . to peep at a naked person; tun � a Don Juan , a pimp . Sy n. gedu' kaseuw kasau; ceiling support , a tjaleun, tjaleuw. beam. kanjea mengi ga u; to babble meaning­ kas ija sedjenis belalang; a locust . lessly in a semi-comatose condition. kas ija' kasih-sajang, tjinta ; to Syn. lilong , menganjea . love , to be fond of . kape peras; press, squeeze ; kasua kasur; a mattress . Syn . lamat . kepah iang oil extraction side ; mengape to extract . kasup tergesa-gesa ; hasty , too fast. � - � in too great a haste . kapea kaju2 jang terapung; drift­ wood . katea randjang rotan atau besi ; 1. a four-poster bed of rattan or kapeui (imp. of mengapeui) iron . 1. keringkan!; dry ! 2. bed posts , used for supporting 2. pegang! (seseorang) ; hold ! a canopy or mosquito net . (someone), touch ! kat i a' (imp. of mat i a') pa tahkan; kapeus kapas; cottonwool, kapok . break ! kapo ' kampak; chopper . Syn. kapa'. kat ing (imp. of mat ing) buang, kapok kapok ; kapok . lemparkan; pass (a ball) , throw . Ka pua nama salah satu djurai di katjang ka tjang; beans, lentils , Tapus; the name of one of the four pulses , peanuts , groundnuts. dj u'eui of Topos. � buntj is European beans ; � nebus boiled peanuts; � kijeuw a hard­ kapua ' kelompok , fraksi ; a group , fibred variety of bean ; panjang a faction. Syn. tobo o. � French beans ; � po i Chinese green kapung sedjenis pohon ; a forest beans ; � - � ball-bearings . tree , the wood of which is used for katjea kantjil; a mousedeer, the fashioning mallets for tapping the hero of a cycle of Redjang fables. juice of the aren palm. � i'i a very small mousedeer. ka r mod. peta; map . Syn. peta . katjo katja , botol ; a mirror , a ka rea ' 1. mudah petjah; brittle, glass, a bottle . fragile, easily breakable. katjung sedjenis mangkuk bambui a 2. leher keris; the neck of a kris bamboo receptacle placed under a or dagger. kepah iang oil press for collecting the oil. Syn. sambang. 40

katup tutup; shut , close. kebatau pisang ba tu; a variety of Syn . kematup. banana . ka 'u' rendah , dibawah; low, lower. kebeuw kerbau; domesticated buffalo. kutai � the lower village , the � djalang a wild buffalo . lower part of a village . kebi lai siang, tengah hari ; noon , Ant. da' eut . midday . kaum kaum , suku, golongan; party , kebleun ka. tersumba t, keselak; group , common-interest , faction . makanan jang menjumba t kerong­ � ke l uargo S. relative (s) ; tjoa kongan; stuck (in the throat), be � ke l uargo unrelated , not a blocked . Syn. kebulua' ha . , relative . kebukau. ka ' ung karung , goni ; a sackcloth, keboa 1. tebal; thick . gunny. Syn. gunai . 2. kebal; impervious to bullets or ka ' ung njo na nti , kemudian; pres­ daggers (a magical power of self ently , soon , later. Syn. siang . protection) . 3. VB. rahang , pipi ; the lower kaweui sedjenis tawon; a wasplike part of the cheek , jowl. insect . Syn. sebuta i. � memea thick , but soft and kaweut kawat; wire . � alues wire springy . mesh ; � tebo ' barbed wire; kebukau tersumba t, terhalang, � tembaga i brass wire . keselak; stuck in the throat (in kawo kopi , daun kopi ; coffee . aged people) . Syn. kebulua', mbu ' � to drink a potion made of kebleun . coffee leaves; ketagia' mbu ' kebu lua' ha. tersumba t, terhalang, biowa � addicted to drinking leaf keselak; stuck in the throat . coffee ; � tjatjo ling is very Syn. kebukau , kebleun . thick and strong coffee ; � tjatjo bulau monok strong thick kebun kebun; a garden , a plantation . coffee . � idjo a vegetable garden , a gar­ den or field of secondary crops , a kboboa sembelit; caked or hardened planting of po lowidjo, q.v. faeces, a hard stool (constipated) . Syn. plo' . Ant. bu 'us. kebung kelambu ; a mosquito net . kdeuw (= kedeuw) pa nggi l; call . Syn. kangea , knok . kebu ' oa ' rongga mulut; the lower part of the cheek , jowl . Syn. keboa . kdondong kedondong; a forest tree with an edible fruit. kedau berapa ; how many? how? � ke 'an ko menebas? for how long ke I. oleh; lit. by . will you clear the forest under­ k� II . kami ; ha . we . growth? � goneu? what is the price . kea lantai; floor . kededeup 1. mengi ga u; to groan in kea ' ke , kepada ; to , at . � jo one 's sleep . � di this way , here , hence ; that 2. perasaan; feeling , sensation . way , there , thence ; � bea ' under , Syn. kedeup. beneath, below . Syn . ka . kedeup see kededeup. keba 'euw ikan kebarau; a river fish . kedeuw (= kdeuw) (imp. of medeuw) keba i ku. istri , bini ; wife . panggil; call, summon . be � Syn. mbeu i, nemo', nema'. mema nggi l, berteriak ; shout , call kebambangan VB . sia-sia; in vain. out . Syn. sebambangan , ge latj au. 41

kedjai bimbang, pesta besar menurut ke 'eut kerut; a fold, a wrinkle . adat Redjang; a traditional Redjang � berndo a verandah railing; clan festival lasting seven or nine � - � facial wrinkles ; � kaj in days and nights, centering on a a cloth belt, a sash . Syn. ke 'ut. specially erected ba leui or festi­ ke 'ewu sedjenis burung; a bird . val hall in which the musicians play and the unmarried girls and ke 'ing kering; dry . � sobot boys dance . It is held on the middle-aged. occasion of a marriage , a circum­ ke 'is keris; a kris, a creese . cision celebration , or for the blessing of rice seed (c.f. mdun­ keke ' ka tak, kodok; a toad . dang) . � pitor a miniature � Syn. kung . held as a mark of honour for a kekea kaki ; foot . dj i 'ai a toe ; visiting government dignitary ; � kedong bridge of foot ; puko a family held for a � � � mbeui the large toe ; domestic purpose such as a wedding � dj i 'ai tunj u' � the second toe ; or circumcision feast. dj i 'ai donok the middle toe ; Syn. knulea', bimbang. � dj i 'ai man is � the fourth toe ; kedjea hambar, tawar; unsalted, dj i 'ai nini � the little toe ; unspiced food , lacking taste . matai � malleolus , ankle; Syn. ambea . tlapo ' � sole of the foot . kedong 1. dibelakang; behind , at kekibang orang2-an; a scarecrow. . the back . Syn. stuj au, tanjau. 2. punggung; back . � tangeun ke lajua hangus ; scorched , dried by back of hand . heat . Syn. lejo. kedukan tempa t, kedudukan ; a place , ke l ang ruang, djarak; space , site , location . Syn. kakea, distance . do once removed , pe labai, pnan . � alternative ; � dua i. twice removed , kedum tutuplah; close , shut . at intervals of two . Syn. kendum, kulum. ke latung masih lapar, kurang makan; kedura i kenduri , upatjara ; a ceremony still hungry after a meal , unsat­ for the propitiation of ancestors, isfied . devils, spirits or deities. ke l awea kelelawar; a bat . � agung L. , � mbu ' mbun VB . the great annual ceremony for the ke lbau karam , tenggelam; to capsize. ritual cleansing of a village ; Syn. ka ' eum, ka rem, lUp. � ben ian a ceremony held to invoke ke lbu'i kerang besar, tiram besar; the blessing of rice-field deities; an oyster . Syn . sebekoa . a shrine dedicated to the spirit of paddy , situated at the corner of a ke l embang see ke l mang rice field or at its edge near a ke l eua kuat; strong , potent , hard . path; pat dulang a for a sick � � � pekerdjo to work hard . person . ke libea kelebaran , lebar; width , kedu 'u sedjenis tanaman ketjil, breadth . Syn. buko . sekedudu; a bush . Ant. kepanjang . ke ' eum menjekap , memeram; to bury ke 1 i kung sedjenis pohon ; a forest bananas to expedite their ripening. tree . tongon � the resin of ke 'eun tempa t memasak gula aren ; the �. a sugar refinery , a hut used for ke l ili-liling ku. berputar , berke­ sugar extraction from palm wine . li ling , seki tar; to revolve , to turn Syn. pondok betano, betana . around or about , approximately . 42

kel imea ' kalimat; a sentence . keme kami ; (first and second person) . � tun Djang we the Redjang people . ke l ipa' kelipak , leher badju; collar of a shirt or coat. kemedan djendela; window . Syn. kemdan , pengdan . ke l ipo' lapis, papan , helai , lembar; a unit of linear hardware measure kemenjeun kemenjan; benzoin, incense . e.g. sheet metal, planks, boards . kemetea gemetar, gen tar; to quake , Syn. keping, papeun . to shake , to quiver . Syn. lete' , ke lmang keladi air; a type of tuber rete' , kemtea . growing on water. kemipeut melipat; to fold . Syn. ke l embang . Ant. netang. ke lmeun malam; night . � buleun kemluea mengeluarkan; to remove , to a dark night , a moonless night. expell. � eteng plua' see plua'. ke I pa i 1 upa, alpa , p.i ngsan; forget, kemp it kempi t; to carry under the forgotten, unconscious . Syn. tjoa armpit. t i ngeut . kemtea gojang, gemetar, berojak; kel sib ketjiput; the shells of river to roll , to shake , to quiver . and lake oysters , used after being Syn. gememe, kumtea , kemetea . roasted and ground , to make lime . kemt ir kaju rumpu t; a small thorn­ ke l uea keluar; outside , out , with­ bush. out . kena 'iban VB . kantor agama ; the ke lulus mulut jang kepanasan; to government office for religious scorch one's mouth or throat by affairs . drinking too hot a beverage. kendai kendi ; an earthen jug for ke l unua mengerang , mengaduh; groan­ keeping water cool . Syn. kendeui. ing, moaning (as a person in pain) . Syn. te I unua . kendeui kendi ; an earthen jug for keeping water cool . Syn. kenda i. kemaneun sedjenis uli , djuadah; a sweetmeat resembling a sticky kendum tutuplah; close ! shut ! waffle. Syn. maneun. � ngusnu close your mouth . Syn. kedum, kulum. kemangoen perhiasan kepa la penganten ; the traditional headdress of a kene ' be � naik; climbing. Redjang bride . Syn. singea . kenepun kakek dan nenek pihak ibu kematup tutuplah; close ! shut ! jang dinikah setjara djudjur ; the � bang close the door . Syn. katup . maternal grandparents and maternal agnatic kinsmen of a person whose kembeum (imp. of mengembeum) mother married be l eket q.v. bakarlah; fire, set fire, burn . Syn. kenjangpun , pengepun , te burned by accident , uninten­ � penjangpun . tionally burned . keneu djuga ; also . Syn. kulo, kembot (imp. of mbot) tunggu ; wait. kuneu , keno i, kena i, i gai, i geu. � - � to await. kenibit di tjubit; pinched . kembu ' (imp. of mbu') makanlah; Syn. ken i 'ot. eat. � ba meu i please eat , do start the meal . Syn. pkoa ka. , ken ideui sedjenis pohon ; a forest kadjua ' ka. , tumbea ka. tree . The flowering of the � is an important seasonal omen in the kemdan djendela; window . Djang rice cultivation cycle . Syn . pengdan, kemedan . 43

ken i 'ot ditjubi t; pinched . kep ing lembar , helai ; a unit of Syn. kenibit. linear hardware measure , e.g. sheet metal . Syn . kel ipo' . ken i peut (pass . of kemipeut) di lipat; folded . keraben mod. karaben ; a carbine . kenjang kenjang; satisfied (after kera ija remadja ; adolescent . eating) , sated , replete . mude � to become young , rejuven­ Ant. njemen . ated (but s.v. mude without passion , jaded , listless) . kenjangpun see kenepun. keramin suami istri ; a married keno kena ; hit, strike . couple, husband and wife . kenoi djuga ; also. Syn. kulo, duai � a couple. kuneu , igai , igeu. keratjo' alat2; gear , equipment , kenubua dikubur; buried . utensils (used in preparing a Syn. kasea , ne lajang. feast) . � bu 'uk work clothes , old torn clothes used for work in ke 'o' I. pemba tuan pada gigi ; the fields . Syn . pekakas, terkas . tartar , calcification. � epen dental tartar ; � meui scorched ke rian nasi kuning; yellow rice, rice. used for ritual purposes . ke 'o' II . te � opened , loosened . ke r ilu suling Redjang; a short flute (traditional Redjang musical kepa kapal ; a boat , ship . instrument) with three apertures Syn. kepea . and a rattan fastening at the far kepa 'eut ambang pintu atau djendela ; end . lintel over a door or a window kersai kursi ; chair . � kijeuw a opening . wooden chair; � beus a rattan kepak kepajahan , urung, gagal , chair . buntu; overstrained , dead end , kes bungkam; to fail to explode , blocked . a dud (bullet) . Syn. bukeum. kepa lang tak terba tas , tak terhi tung; kesajup kurang; lacking. sep � infinite , immeasurable, very large . a shortage , a lack . Syn. kusep VB . Syn. tjoa pa lang . kesambe 1. a tree (Schleichera kepan kain kafan ; shroud . Syn. ba lun. trijuga) , whose crushed seeds are kepanjang pandjang; length . used as a cosmetic oil. Ant. buko , kel ibea . 2. a large village and capital of the Slupua Djang subclan , now keparat berdosa, kepara t, bersalah; adjoining Tjurup . guilty , sinful , a divine punishment for evil deeds towards one's fellow kesanai kersani , tanaman semak; a men. Sy n. kesapo . small bush, the root of which is used as medicine . kepau tjutju; a grandchild . ml iaro � to care for a grandchild. kesapo kemasukan setan ; uninten­ Syn. tjutjung. tionally or unconsciously guilty of a breach of custom , etiquette kepea kapal; a boat , a ship . or morals, bewitched , the victim � tebang an aeroplane , an aircraft . of an evil spell or a devil 's Syn. kepa . shadow. � ibl is, � ruh , � me l ikat kep i 'eut sedjenis ikan ; a river fish . bewitched or possessed by a demon or spirit. kepinding kepinding, kutu busuk ; a bug . 44

kesedau tersedu, tersedak; hiccups , ketapang ketapang; Indian almond to have hiccups . Syn. selgeu' . tree (Terminalia catappa). kesedeng pen tjernaan jang kurang ke taring peraturan ; rule , regula­ baik, penjaki t karena melanggar tion , order . adat ade � bobos P. pantangan; indigestion , colic , an a beautiful appearance often indisposition caused by trans­ belies an evil deed . gressing a taboo . ketea kental ; viscous , thick . kesemak ka tjama ta ; spectacles. Syn. bukeut , 1 i keut. Ant. tj ai ' i r. kesep (imp. of mengesep) isaplah! smoke , suck , draw in. ketea ' setengah masak , kurang ma sak; parboiled , not completely boiled . kesepo L. see kesepua '. biowa � water that has almost kesepua ' kemasukan setan , kena reached the boil; meu i � rice that pengaruh iblis; bewitched . has not been completely cooked , and Syn. kesepo L. is consequently rather hard and unpalatable . keseut kasar, tidak halus; coarse , rough (for surfaces). Syn. gesau, keteko kedatangan; arrival , corning . gerutut. keteum ketam, kepi ting; a small kes ija (imp. of menges ija) geser; crab . Syn. kang . push aside . keteut pendek; short. kesinga sedjenis pohon; a reed ket idin sedjenis ikan; a river fish. (Carallia integerrima) . Syn. s i ngea I. ket ieb khatib, pemba tja khotbah; a senior mosque official , second kesno tjermin; mirror . be � look in order of rank to the imam . at oneself in mirror , groom one­ self before mirror . ket ijo' ketiak; armpit . Syn. kt ia', ketio' . kesomong berebutan masuk; a rush to enter , a bottleneck entry . ket ing bagian belakang lutut; the back of the knee . kesusua ketjotjok duri ; a thorn or other sharp object lodged in a ket io' ketiak; armpit. part of the body . � gies a pain­ Syn. kt i a', ketij o'. ful thorn (in the sole of the foot) . ket i pan tertib, teratur; good order , keta 'ai ba tas; border , boundary . proper arrangement. idin � re­ Syn. watas . spectfully , with the highest degree of respect. Syn. idiem. ketabua tabuh2-an , bunji musik; the sound of music. ket ipar tersebar , berserakan; spread , scattered . Syn. ketj ibea . ketadau tjutjuran darah waktu haid, haid jang berlebihan; haemorrhage ketjakea djemang, tjangah tiang; in women , excessive menstrual flow. the female joint at the top of a Syn. gugut, medau, skili'. house pillar . Syn. tjapang , djemang. ketag ia' ketagihan ; addicted . � mbu ' biowa kawo addicted to ketje' ketjek, kata , perka taan; leaf coffee ; � mbu ' tjandau, a word , a phrase, an aphorism, � mbu ' pijun addicted to opium ; a saw . � badu ' a Don Juan . ketj ibea tersebar, berserakan ; ke tang (imp. of metang) ben tangkan; scattered, spread out . stretch, draw out . Syn. ket ipar. 45

ketj iet (imp. of metj iet) pidjitlah ! kiambang kiambang; a parasitic pinch ! lily-like growth on the surface of the water in wet paddy fields ketjo terikat; wrapped . Syn. ketja, (Pistia stratiotes) . Syn . apung tj a. k iIi. ketjo' I. tjetjak; a gecko . kibau-kibau penghalau burung; a ketjo' II. terbungkus, terikat; scarecrow . Syn. lajung VB . , wrapped , tied , fastened . setujau. Syn. tja. kibiet tjubi t; to pinch . ketjua ' (imp. of metjua') petjahkan! kidau meramal ; say a spell . hantjurkan !; break up ! smash to pieces! k·, de" djahat, buruk; evil, bad , rotten , mean , injurious , miserly. ketot lutut; knee . ulau � kneecap . daleun 0 � that road is very bad ; ketu' (imp . of mengetu') pukul ateui neu � he is malevolent , he tjanang! ; beat ! (a drum) . is evil-hearted ; pranga ineu � he has a bad character . Syn . kamea ' , ketumbang tertinggal , di tinggal; tje 10. left behind , deserted . � kundang a young man jilted by his lover . kideuw kiri ; left , the left side . tangeun � left hand ; � kaneun ketunun terbakar, dimakan api ; left and right , on both sides, on burnt , scorched. all sides. ketupo sedjenis pohon ; a forest kiding kiding; a fishing line tree. � odot a poor class of attached (usually for the night) tobacco leaf . to a fixed rod . keturua ' 1. sebab; reason , cause . kidjang kidjang, mendjangan; an Syn. turua' . antelope . � alas a forest 2. memberi tahu , mengumumkan; to antelope . tell, to inform, to make known . kidjeup kedjap, sebentar; flick of ketut the last (and usually smallest) an eye . �-� to wink ; se � to dancer in the male and female set of acknowledge a wink , to wink in an ano' sangai dance . reply to a wink , to be coquettish. ke ' ung kurung; a cage . � kuju' a dog kijaij ipar tua fi hak mertua kennel; � kamb ing a goat byre , a perempuan , mertua dari fi hak goat house raised on piles , as a perempuan ; one 's wife's mother 's protection against attack by tigers; sister 's husband . � monok a fowl house. Syn. sunud. kijeuw kaju; wood , tree . � bingin keus-keus bekas , djedjak; marks , banyan tree; � beda i (Chaeto­ tracks, trail, footsteps . carpus catanocarpus) ; � smuleun Syn. djedjo' , gas , geus . (Cinnamomum parthenoxy lon) ; keut dinding; a wall. � sema lo (A ltingia exce lsa) : � smatung , � mambung , � topos ke 'ut kerut; a fold , a wrinkle . unidentified species of forest Syn. ke ' eut . trees. kewea kail , pan tjing; a fishhook . kijot 1. bintik hi tam pada muka � pulung a reel of a fishing rod; un tuk mempertjantik diri ; beauty � bi 'eus a simple fishing rod spots . without a �; matai � a fishhook 2. tahi lalat; birthmarks . (specifically) ; mengewea to fish with a rod and line . Syn. tadjua . 46

kikea ' ka ul dengan mengorbankan kisiet kikir; stingy , mean , miserly. kambing; the ritual slaughter of Syn. gemeut , gemeuet. a goat , usually on idul adha or maulud for each child in a family kiteub ki tab sutji ; holy scriptures, before reaching puberty . the Koran . ki lai kali , berulang; times , occa­ kiteup buku ba tjaan; reading sion , a turn , a time (serial) . material, literature . se � once ; dua i � twice ; tlau � Kitjai Kerintji; Kerintji. thrice ; be � - � repeatedly, time tun � the Kerintji people . and time again. Syn. dj ulat, kiloi . kla' 1. keringkan; dry ! 2. pendjemuran , pengeringan; a mat ki le' be � berkilat, beraksi ; for drying (paddy , coffee beans shiny , shining, brand-new, show etc.) . oneself off in new clothes . Syn. beki leut, gemi leup, betjajo. kla'ai kulit selaput; cambium, the pithy wood between the bark or ki lea' sebentar, tunggu dulu; wait epidermis of a tree trunk and the a while . solid timber . ki leus kasau, atap luar dinding; klabau- ibau 1. sedjenis iblis; a a rafter , rafters . spirit or demon , inimical to babies and infants unprotected by gndit kiloi M. ka li , berulang; times, and ka l ung sisi' skea talismen . a time . Syn. djulat, ki lai . 2. rahim, kandungan ; a womb , kimbang (imp. of meng imbang) a uterus . intailah! intiplah! ; spy , peep , Kl a'eui nama salah sa tu djurai stalk . didesa Tapus; name of one of the kinan pesuruh dari seorang pelamar; four dj u'eui of Topos , the oldest a suitor 's messenger. � ladj u Dj ikalang village . sekunan a messenger asked to klama i mual; stomach upset , the press a friend 's suit but who result of eating something harmful . takes advantage in pressing his It is believed there is a bubbling own suit with the same lady . sensation near the navel . kindang lihat; see . � arai at klambang pesemaian ; seedbed . about 8 a.m. ; �-� to look at . Syn. plambang. ki 'o-ki '0 dekat, hampir, kurang klambau kelambu; a canopy of fine lebi h; near , close , almost . mu slin and silk stretched as a Syn. pa 'o' , lebija' ku 'ang, screen over a four-poster bed , ku ' ang didi '. sometimes intended as a mosquito kipeus kipas; a fan . ta 'ai � the net as well . Unlike a kebung q.v. fan dance of the Headstreams and it is usually embroidered at the coastal Redjang . edges . � betekat an elaborately embroidered wedding-bed canopy kipeut be � 1. melipat; folding. of silk , artificial silk, muslin 2. melipat senapan; load a rifle, or lace . Syn. kebung. be prepared . klang-klang berdekatan , berdamping­ kiro-kiro kira-kira , kurang lebih; an , dekat; near , adjacent to . more or less , approximately. Syn. abeut . klangeut kesemutan ; the feeling of pins and needles or numbness in the kiroi be � menjebar benih; sowing extremities , believed if experienced seed. Syn. menebea . frequently to be a symptom of the onset of beri-beri . Syn. kangeut. 47

klawea kelelawar; a bat . knan ketulangan; choked (by a fish Syn. ka lea. bone) .

klaweui saudara perempuan; a sister , knea perbaikilah; fix, repair. a uterine sister , a female sibling . Syn . I u' at. Ant. nguaneu i . kneup menjimpan , memel ihara ; keep , klea kuat, kukuh; strong, powerful . _ look after. Syn. ka i 'i'. Syn. i e t, i'i t. knok (imp. of menok) panggil! kleseng telandjang tidak disengadja ; call ! Syn. kangea, kdeuw. naked as a result of sarong falling accidentally. knulea' pesta , selamatan; feast , ceremony . (A knulea' is distin­ kleteng orkes Redjang, silopon , guished from a kedjai by the sedjenis gambang; a Redjang orches­ absence of dancing at the former) . tra consisting of a drum , a gong Syn. bimbang, kedjai titi '. and xylophone , a Redjang xylophone . ko I. kau, engkau; you (used for temi 'un gung � a kedjai has begun. Syn. kl itang, gung kl itang . persons of similar or lower rank , actual , putative or fictional) cf. kl itang sedjenis gambang Redjang, kumu . � jo ka . you ! Syn. kabeun . silopon ; a Redjang xylophone. gung � a Redjang orche stra, ko II . (imp.of teko) da tang; come . consisting of a �, gong and drum; � mindoi come here . temi 'un gung � a kedjai has begun . ko ' burung ga gak; a crow . Syn . ka '. Syn. kleteng . kodak (etym. �odak , a trade name ) kl iting ura t daun atau kuli t; the ' alat potret, fo totustel ; a camera . vein of a leaf or peel , fibrous kogoa (imp. of mogoa) teruskanlah, strands. selesaikanlah; continue , complete klo' minat, permohonan; desire , (work or a job) , persevere . request , wish. uku ade � magea ko i makin; the more . . . the . ko I wish to ask something of Syn . maka i, makin. you , I have a request to make to you . kojo' kojok; a Chinese drug for treating boils and eruptions . klongon bangun , berdjaga , tidak tidur; awake , wake up , rouse . koko monok ama i djam lima pagi , Syn . dj aga i . dinihari ; five a.m. klu' (imp. of mlu') lemparkan; kolot (imp. of mo lot) urut, pidjat; throw . massage .

kmbo (imp. of mbo) kirimkan; send. kontol ijor (D. controleur) pengawas ; controleur , an official in the kmbus meniup bara api , menghembus ; to liven embers or a fire by blow­ Dutch East Indies ' Government ing. service , of the approximate stand­ ing of a district officer in the kmo ' (imp. of mo ') ambi llah; fetch. British colonial service . Syn . pitor. kmu lang mengemba likan, memulangkan; to return tpansitive. ko 'on peri uk; a cooking pot. petjua ' � breaking the cooking knam ketjaka pan; ability , capacity. pot , a custom whereby a fixed fine tjoa � . incapable , inept . of a buffalo and a feast had to be Syn. kpatjo' . given by a man and woman descended knameun pengetahuan , pengertian ; from the same great-grandparent , knowledge , understanding. � ku before they could marry . as far as I know, to the best of ko 'ot bekas luka ; a scar . my knowledge . 48

kopoa be � berkumpul ; gather, ktabua ' tabuh2-an , bunji , suara ; foregather , collect (people) . sound . � rad io a radio is play- Syn. blungu' . ing . kopor menjombong, tinggi hati , ktea VB . tangkai; a handle . menondjolkan diri ; to boast. Sy n. ptea L. koro-koro ha. berpenjaki tan , kurang kteus (imp. of mteus) 1. patong! sehat; unwell, poorly, sickly . cut ! 2. sedjenis rumpu t; a weed . kosong kosong; empty . dukuet � a variety of weed. kosot 1. suka ribut, lekas naik kt ia' VB . ketiak; armpit . bulau � darah; quarrelsome , tendencious , armpit hair . Syn. ketio' . pugnacious , aggressive . 2. rambut kotor atau tidak rapi ; ktja VB . azimat, djimat; a talisman . unkempt or knotted hair . � benang mleuw a talismanic anklet aseun � a deadlock in negotiation. of black thread or cord worn by babies and infants . Syn. ptjo L. kot (imp. of mekot) tjabut! ; extract ! remove ! ktj up mentji um, mengetjup; to kiss (as Western people do) . koto ' kotor , keruh; turbid , muddy , unclear . ktong (imp. of mengetong) bentangkanlah; unravel, straighten, kotong 1. putus ; severed , cut off. undo a knot . 2. berlengan satu; a one-handed person , a person who has lost a -ku achiran menjatakan kepunjaan; hand or arm . pers .poss . suff. ; my . kpa'ai perantjah; scaffold. kua ' (imp. of mekua ') paksakan! force ! kpatjo' ketjakapan , kepandaian; skill, ability , intelligence . ku ' ang kurang; less , insufficient , Syn . knam. inadequate . � lebija' more or less , approximately ; � blat krabau anting; a short earring. Syn. prabau. impotent ; � senang unhappy , dis­ satisfied; � bisai lacking in krang sedjenis pahon ; a forest moral fibre , morally weak ; tree . � bu l eun premature (birth) . krepes suara barang ringan djatuh; Kubau orang Kubu; Kubu . sound of a light object falling. kubea (imp. of mubea) rubuhkan! kr ita kereta; a cart , a carriage . djatuhkan !; break down , destroy ! � ang in a bicycle. kubua kuburan; a grave . padang � krongkongan krongkongan ; throat . a graveyard , a cemetery . Syn. kung. Syn. dj i 'eut. kruka ' uang benggol (2� sen) ; a kubua ' (imp. of mubua ') rubuhkan ! Dutch East Indies 2� cent coin djatuhkan!; destroy ! knock down ! much favoured as a pendant . kubung 1. anak jang sedang tidur; kseut kesat; rough . a child asleep on its father 's or mother 's chest, wrapped in a ks i 'eun kasihan , sengsara , sedih; sarong . distressed , miserable, sad . 2. sedjenis burung; a bird. ksoa (imp. of msoa) tjari lah! � tilai a knot in string or find ! look for ! rope . 49 kudja kueh kodja ; a cake made of kukua II. ukur (imp. of mukua) ; wheat , coconut milk, onions , sugar measure . and cinnamon . kukut (imp. of mukut) menjianglah! ; kudjat ma sjhur, terkenal, populer; weed ! famous , well-known , renowned , popular . ku la' takaran; a traditional Redjang measure of volume , the equivalent kudjo (imp . of mudjo) adukan! of approximately 8 litres. pit (an animal) against. kula-kal i mundar-mandir, bulak-balik, kudjo' ka. menusuk; to prick , to wara-wiri ; to vacillate , to be stick . Syn. kurak ka. opportunistic . Syn. be le' ma i. kudj ua tombak; a spear . kulai buruh, kuli; a coolie, a wage­ labourer . kudo kuda ; horse. 'V - 'V a bench , a child 's game ; ano ' 'V a foal , kul i'- kul i' berputar-putar, berliku­ filly. liku ; to wriggle . ku 'eup kurap , panu; a skin disease. kulo djuga ; also, too . Syn. igai , igeu , kenoi , kuneu . ku ' euw sedjenis ikan; a river fish. kulot hilir; downstream . kuja baning, atau sedjenis kura2 ketjil; tortoise (Testudo eZongata kulum tutup! ; close ! shut ! T. emys). Syn. kedum, kendum. kujang penjakit ajam, kojang; a kulup orang jang belum disunat; an poultry disease, generally taking uncircumcised person. a heavy toll. Syn. bundung , bulung. kulus kulus , sedjenis pohon ; a tree . getea ' 'V the poisonous sap of the kuju' andjing; dog . 'V semat 'V. be lelkat a wild (jungle) dog ; kumbang hitam; black . Syn. mleuw . 'V uteun a hyena ; sepasua ' 'V children of the same mother but kumbua ' rumput rawa ; a reed . different fathers. dukuet 'V a marsh reed; tikea 'V a mat made of reeds . kuj ung panggilan untuk adik lelaki dari istri , adik ipar; term of kumea kumal, berdaki , kotor; filthy , address for a wife's younger unclean . Syn . gumo' , tjepea . brother (reciprocal is kakeun) . kumeun I. kuman; a germ . kukang sebangsa kera , kongkang; kumeun II. (imp. of mumeun ) slow loris , sloth (Nycticebus periksalah! ; examine . tardigradus). ag ia' 'V (see agi a') unfair distribution . kumis misai , kumis; a moustache . kukau hangat; warm. dong ange ' 'V kumtea gemetar, menggigil; to shiver , warm water . to quiver, to quake . Syn. gemembe . kuko ' (imp. of muko') bukalah !; kumu ha. kamu ; you (used for persons open ! of higher rank , whether actual , putative or fictional) . kukua I. sedjenis parut; a coconut grater made of a tri-forked branch kunan UB . kawan akrab, kawan dekat; of wood holding a serrated iron a best friend, a most trusted grating edge on the uppermost friend. projecting end . kunang-kunang 1. penglihatan jang ma tai 'V the metal grating edge kabur; the white of the eye , of a 'V. blurred vision . 2. kunang2; a glow-worm . 50

kundang kesajangan, buah hati , kupit sipit; the epicanthic eye­ pa t jar; a lover , a sweetheart . fold , which most highland Redjang ketumbang � a young man jilted have in common with Chinese. by his lover . Syn. pedija' , mete. Syn. sipit. kundau I. lebih dari ; wore than , kupu ' be � sama deradja t, setingka t; higher than . of same rank or status . kundau II. djanin; foetus . kurak menusuk, menjuntik; to stick , tun me rikso � to plead or inter­ to prick . Syn. kudjo'. cede (with the gods) for a child . kuris Kur ; Hail ! a term of address kundeu i dari ; from , than . � peu to the elemental spirits or to whence? where from? Syn. kuni . Allah . Syn. kur. kundo (imp . of mundo) tjampurlah!; kusa ' (imp. of musa ') rusakka n! mix ! hantjurkan! ; break ! destroy ! kuneu djuga ; also . Syn. igai, kusep UB . kekuranga n; a shortage , igeu, kenoi , kulo. a lack. Syn . sep kesajup . kuneui dari ; from . � peu ko teko? kuset UB. mundur , turun, susut, where do you come from? surut; decline , suffer , recede . Syn. kundeu i, saneui. pton � lekese tu 'un P. the crops fail when the lekese bird descends . kung I. ka tak , kodok ; a toad . Syn. me leset . Syn. keke'. kusi ' (imp . of mengus i') asuhlah! kung II. kerongkonga n; throat. djagalah!; care for!, look after !, Syn. krongkongan . nurse! kungut (imp. of mungut) pungutlah!; kusut be � gosok; to polish. collect ! gather ! kuta i desa atau kampong di ti ndjau kun i dari ; from (modern, colloquial sebagai daerah otonom (masjarakat form) . Syn. kundeui. desa) ; the village community (in kunjau biarkan; never mind , let it its demographic or social aspect) . be . � ai the upper part or half of a village ; � an the old or oldest kunjet lisut, mengkerut, susut; part of a village ; � blau the new shrivelled, wr inkled . or newer part of a village ; � ka 'u' kunj ua ' (imp . of munjua ') berikan! ; the lower part or half of a village ; give ! mas � a fine for the contravention o.f kuta i rules , imposed by the ku 'o limpa ; spleen. 1. village headman and payable to the 2. kura2; a turtle . village community as represented by � lai an enlarged spleen, believed him; � nateut the village (in its by Redjang medicine men to be a social or physical aspect) , the symptom of malaria and other fevers. true , original or native village demeum � malaria , a disease of the community ; tua i � a village elder , spleen . a person who is appointed or elected kupa pompa ; to pump . to represent the entire village community in matters of ritual . kupan (imp. of mupan) beri makan! ; feed ! kutak kotak, peti ; a box . kupeui kupui , kupoi ; a tree kutang kutang; brassiere . (Connaropsis griffithii) with kutang-kutang tidak tetap, tidak edible fruit. dukut � a marsh berpendirian; not steadfast, weed with triangular shaped stalk; opportunistic , shifty . � lai a variety of �. 51

kuteu semua ; all, every . labo laba , keuntungan; profit. Syn . utung . kutjai kuntji ; lock . ano ' � a key. labulan pakitju ku. pelita , lampu ; kutj ing kutjing; a cat. � uteun an archaic term for lamp . a forest cat ; � peko ' a metal Syn. lam, lapu , tongon ku. tiger trap. ladai lada , meri tja; pepper vine , kutj it kuntjir, rambut djagung; the pepper. buea ' � pepper , pepper­ tassel or beard of a maize cob , a corns; � sulea ' S. black pepper . tassel of hair . � djamboa a tas­ Syn. sahang . sel on front of child's head (a sign of not having been circum­ ladjau ladju, lantjar, kemudian , cised) ; � dua i side hair tassels demikian ; thus , consequently , and or locks; � tuku ' a tassel of so , forward . hair at nape (sign of not being ladjo ladja , lengkuwas; a species circumcised) . of ginger . kuto ben teng; a fortified place , la'eut menepi , mendarat; to go a stronghold, a rampant . towards the banks of a river kuto' bunji kosong; a hollow sound . (from midstream) . kutu ' sumpah, kutuk; an oath , a laga ' sombong, aksi , lagak; show , vow . boasting , affection . be � show­ ing off, affected , well-dressed , kuwau burung kuau; a mountain we ll-groomed , dandy . pheasant (Phasianus argus , Marsden:124). lago hantam! serang! ; attack !, go for them ! � ba go at it! strike ! kuwo ' ulat untuk membetulkan attack ! polish it off ! gergadji ; a tool to set a saw's be � berkelahi , berpukulan ; to teeth. fight , to fist fight. kwa t I. teman , sahabat, kawan; Syn . begasea . friend , companion, chum . laha ' ku. tukang, pekerdja ; archaic � na ' dal eun a travelling com­ term for tukang a specialist or panion; de � to be friends, to craftsman . be chums . Syn. tulan . lai besar; big, large . teneui � kwat II. se � 25 cents . pregnant, a corpulent or paunchy stomach ; Tebo Lai a mountain in the Bukit Barisan range , the source of the Laye or Lais River ; L Biowa La i the Laye or Lais River ; La i the Redjang name for the la I. aksara kelimabelas dalam coastal town Laye or Lais. abdjad Redjang; the fifteenth Syn . loi . letter in the Redjang syllabary . lajang ku. (J. lajang) surat; la II. kata seru menjatakan aneh , a letter , an epistle , a message . kagum; an expression of incred­ Syn. su' eut mod. ulity or surprise . lajea lajar; a sail, a tent, a la' ma u, hendak; want, desire, screen. be � to sail. like . Syn. 10' . lajung UB . penghalau burung; a la'ang (J. larang) mahal , berharga , scarecrow made of a piece of old bernilai ; dear (of persons and basket or cloth suspended from a things) , costly, expensive . bamboo pole . Syn. kibau-kibau, labau labu ; (Cueurbita spp. ) melon . kibang-kibang , setujau. 52 laka i S. Iaki , Iaki -Iaki ; a man , lam UB . Iampu , pelita; a lamp . a husband . Syn . adu' . Syn . lapu , labulan pakitju, tongon ku. lakau 1. kelakuan , perbuatan , tindak-tanduk; behaviour , manner , laman halaman desa , aIun2; village bearing. square , an open space in the centre 2. Iaku, Iaris; popular (commod­ of a village . Syn. lateut, nateut . ities) , easily sold , saleable . lamat kasur; a mattress . Syn . kasua . smau � polite , courteous ; djagea � the goods sell easily . lambau mod. D. katjang Iandbouw; French beans (introduced by the lakea akal ; wit , skill, strategem . Dutch colonial agricultural Syn. akea . service) . katjang � French beans, lakea ' Iangkah; a step . string beans . lakeua belum selesai; unfinished , lamea Iembar; part, instalment , incomplete . page , section . lalang aIang-aIang (imperata spp. ); landa ' Iandak; a porcupine . a coarse grass that grows wherever Syn. lando', I andeu i . the primary forest has been cleared . landeui Iandak; porcupine . � demeum � that is half dead , or Syn. lando', I anda ' . appears to be dead , but may grow again; � me ' eum rank grass. lando ' Iandak; a porcupine , a hedgehog . bulau � a porcupine lalau pergi ; go . Syn. alau. quill . Syn. landa ', landeui . la'-le' UB . pekerdjaan jang tidak lang elang; eagle. � ma l eum a dikerdjakan dengan sungguh2; night eagle . Syn . sekep. half-hearted work , work not taken seriously. langeuw Iangau; a bluebottle fly . � idjo a bluebottle . laleun 1. berpindah-pindah, tidak menetap; roving, wandering , nomadic. lang ija berlimau; an anointing 2. ma lang, tersedak; stuck in brush or whisk used for ritual throat . purification and 'cooling' . Kubau � the nomadic Kubu (an be � ritual bath or anointment insult) . Syn. kebleun . with perfumed limewater . Syn. be l emeuw, be limau. laleuw Iambat kawin, terIaIu masak; late in marrying, overripe . lapeun guIai , Iauk-pa uk ; side dish, budjang �, smaneui � a bachelor ; dish of meat , fish or vegetables slaweui �, smuleun � a spinster; partaken tQgether with rice at kijeuw � a forest tree ; meals. Mbu ' meu i tjoa be � ! bua ' � overripe fruit; there are no � - � (a polite and sedjanj it � a weed . formal statement to visitors by a host or hostess at the commencement lale'uw ambin; the headstrap of of a meal) . a pane basket, made of barkcloth . Syn. I e Ie' uw . lapeuw Iampau , laI u, Iiwat; past, elapsed , formerly. lalim mod. A. kedjam, ganas, egois, zaIim; cruel , thoughtless, selfish, lapu Iampu , pelita; lamp. egotistic. Syn. pe l ito, labulan pakitju, tongon ku., I am. laloi laIai , abai , Iengah , tjeroboh; neglected , disregarded . Syn. aboi . lapung paru2; lungs . po 'ong � a variety of edible fern . Syn. rabau. 53

laput lenjap, hilang tidak sengadja ; sister-in-law ; � u'ai a younger mislaid , accidentally lost, dis­ brother-in-law or sister-in-law . appeared . Syn. njeup. lebea ' kemarin, semalam; yesterday . larat rantau; abroad , beyond Redjang lebai ku. imam , kadi , lebai , ulama ; country . a mosque official , a kadi . lat djedjak; tracks . n � to be lebeun sedjenis kaju; a forest followed , to have one 's tracks tree . followed . lebija ' lebih; more . � ku ' ang lateut halaman desa , alun2; the more or less , approximately ; village square, an open space in be � berlebihan; excess, super­ the centre of a village . fluous . Syn. pa 'o'-pa 'o' j o, Syn. nateut, laman . ke l ili-l iling jo, ki 'o- ki 'o. lating I. sedjenis burung; a species lebija ' patjo' bidjaksana , pintar, of forest bird . tjerdas; wise , discreet, clever . lating II. bambu atau kaju untuk Syn. djeleup. menjelama tkan diri diair; a piece lebu ' hantjur, lebur ; destroyed, of wood or bamboo used to save wrecked . Syn. adj ua . oneself when in danger of drowning . bel ilija makeui � in drowning a lebung rebung; bamboo shoots, young � is sought . bamboo shoots . latjeua lantjar, ladju ; fluid, l�'�t barisan , deretan , berdjadjar; efficient, smooth , steady . planted in straight lines , a row. be � in rows , stand in line , line latjeuw tjair; fluid , liquid . up ; be � duai-dua i two together, lato ' hantam! ; � ba go for it ! in double formation . devour !; n � to force something Syn. tjotom-tjotom, djadjua ha. back , as ben ik when it rises from legau lagu ; a song. its bamboo container during cook­ ing. legeuw musim kemarau, musim kering; the dry season , the dry monsoon , lawang (J. lawang) pintu; door , drought . sleut badjai in gate . bekesno a glass pannelled � � between seasons . door , a french door ; glada ' das � a narrow shelf above a door; leguai tempa t sirih, tjerana ; a � mba kan the door of a fish trap . betel-nut container . Syn. bang. Syn. lenggwa i L. , tjerano. lawea laba-laba ; a spider . l�jo 1. hangus; scorched . 2. laju; withered . laweun lawan, musuh; against , Syn. ke lajua. opposite , an enemy , an opponent . me � to oppose . Syn. musua ', lekat tinggi ; high, tall. ma 'ai, mang�, ambeut. Ant. temea ', nua . laweut laut; sea, ocean. lekea alas peri uk ; a woven or plaited bamboo stand for convex l�' keras, besar (suara) ; loud . cooking utensils. sa 'eui � a loud voice , a loud sound . lekea ' bingkai , lis; a frame . Sy n. bikeui . lea' ipar; a brother-in-law, a sister-in-law. � smaneu i brother­ lekenang UB . sedjenis pohon ; a in-law; � slaweui sister-in-law; forest tree . bua ' � the berry­ � tuai an older brother-in-law or like fruit of the above . 54 lekeno ' sedjenis rumput; a fern­ lemau ilmu , pengetahuan; learning , like weed , used in the dukun 's scholarship , science , knowledge . pharmacopoeia . Syn. lekena '. � kboa magic , the knowledge of magical immunity to attack or harm. lekese sedjenis burung; a red­ breasted bird with green wings , a lembago lemba ga , adat; an institu­ voracious paddy eater , destroying tion , a basic customary law. standing crops , similar to a pijet. adat � customs and institutions , social order . Syn. pgong pakeu i. leket harga ; price, brideprice . kedau � barang j o? how much does lembeub lembab; damp , humid . it cost? what is the price? me � to evaporate , to steam. be � 1. sold. 2. a woman given lemea sedjeni s gulai Redjang, in marriage whereby in considera­ dibuat dari rebung; an acrid tion of an agreed brideprice she relish , made of fish or meat , or becomes a member of her husband 's deer bones, decomposed in finely lineage and kin group , at the same sliced bamboo shoots . This is the time severing her connection with mainstay together with rice , of her father's lineage . This was the mountain Redjang diet . the traditional form of marriage � babo ' animal skin �; � napua ' in Redjang society until c. 1930 � of a mousedeer ; � kan fish �, when it gave way to semendo an q.v. the most common variety; � uso me � to buy (a wife) ; n � ha. � of deermeat , venison �. to purchase, to buy (a wife) . makeu i � klaweui the use of a lemejeuw djeruk limau; citrus. brideprice obtained from the pun � a citrus tree ; marriage of a daughter for the � mipis a lime ; � um scented marriage of her brother. lime ; � pit a lemon; � mis a tangerine ; � lai a shaddock , a lekeut tempelkan ! lekatkan!; affix ! Bali grapefruit; � semad a bitter stick ! me � to affix ; ne � about wild lemon tree ; � siam a sweet to affix ; n � affixed. orange ; � muteui a citron . peus tjoa � the trap failed , the Other varieties of �: � kebeuw , fish trap came undone . � se 'e' . lekia' pukulan ringan; a rap , a tap , lemen pagu api ; a hanging shelf or a gentle slap. cupboard suspended above the leko ' lembah; a valley . � leum kitchen hearth . a chasm; � - � bing undulating hill­ lemes litjin, ha lus; slippery , country . Syn. gaung . smooth . Syn. litjien . lekung lekungkan! ; bend ! Ant. gerutut . kijeuw � a bent tree . lemiding sedjenis paku2an; a lelajang burung lajang-lajang; species of fern of reddish colour . a swallow . lemo lima ; five . � pu lua' fifty; lelang ajang2; a kite . � otos five hundred . lele ikan lele; a species of fish . lempau mod. lepau, kedai , toko � uso ' a forest tree ; � meui a ketjil ; a small shop , a kiosk, forest tree . Syn. limbe' . a food stall . Syn. lepau. lele'o ambin, tali pengikat; a lemua ' lembu t, halus; soft , gentle . variety of barkcloth used for lemun UB . sarang bina tang; an making basket headstraps . animal 's den , a nest . � dja'uwa lele'uw ambin; the headstrap of a a boar 's den; � tikus a rat nest . pane basket made of barkcloth. Syn. djemun . Syn. lale'uw UB , ti lai pane. 55

lendas landasan; anvil. children by entering their noses, it emerges both from the child 's leneu i biawak; a reptile, iguana . nose and anus . lenga i penangkap ikan , djala; a small fishing net. Syn. ambeut . lepete lalat kuda , lalat kerbau; horse or cattle tick or fly . lengan ringan , enteng; light, not lepit (J. lempit) 1. lipat; a fold . heavy. Ant. beneu' , be 'eut. 2. sedjenis lalat; a variety of lengea tidak penuh; not full to the fly which bites when crushed . brim, short measure (liquid) . Syn. Iipe ut. Ant. njunjung. lepu ' sedjenis djuadah dari durian; lenget langit; sky. das � heaven, a variety of sweetmeat made of outer atmosphere ; � - � palate . durian fruit. lenggwa i VB . tempa t sirih, tjerana ; lesad pagu air; a water scullery . a betel-nut container. � biowa the water bamboo kitchen Syn. legua i VB . , tjerano, bokoa beside the main kitchen in a ibeun . Redjang house ; biowa lepe ' � the water bamboos at the back of the lenjeup lenjap, hi lang; disappear . water scullery . Syn . pagau biowa . ke � lost, misplaced . lesau longgar, tidak kukuh; loose lepang timun ; cucumber, cucurbits . in its sheath , not firmly planted , � tj ino, � bukau a European shaky . cucumber ; � Dj ang a native Redjang cucumber , large and reddish. leseut buah langsa t; the langsat fruit (Lansium domestiaum) . lepangeus sedjenis pahon ; a forest tree . lesung lesung; a rice-stamping mortar . � pijet dimples; � poi lepas lepas; free , freed. a paddy stamping . Syn. sung . lepau kedai , wa rung, toko ketjil; leta ' ka . menurut; acquiescent , kiosk , foodstall , coffee shop . indulgent . Syn. betoa ha . Syn. lempau. leta i sedjenis kaju ; a forest tree . lepe ' tikar, alas ; a mat , cloth, a bridal mat , the bridal seat . letas luka ; a wound , an injury , a � midja tablecloth ; uang � part sore . Syn. silea'. of brideprice , signifying the lete ' gojang, gentar , gemetar; to possible intention of converting shake , to quiver, to quake . a semendo an marriage into a Syn . rete ', kemeteua . be l eket marriage at some undeter­ mined future date ; � pengaten leti' VB . bundar; curved . the bridegroom 's seat (usually letip guam mulut, sriawan; consisting of a mattress covered stomatitis, especially among with a batik or handwoven cloth) ; children, thrush . Syn. gu 'eum . � perdana i a woven mat from India; � semb ijang a prayer mat . letjea ' basah, ba sah kujup; wet, soaking. Syn. be latum. lepeng serabi bergula; djuadah, uli; a pancake , a waffle, a pikelet. letjup tanah lumpur; muddy earth, Syn. dj uadea ' . muddy land . Syn. tjeup. lepes lipas , ketjua , tjoro ; a leta ' 1. djantung pi sang; the cockroach . proj ect ing end of a banana heart after the fruit has formed . lepes ing sedjenis lintah; a river 2. pusat, teras; a core . leech , believed to attack small Syn. rt o' . 56 leum dalam; deep , in, inner , inside . child leaves food on its plate , biowa � deep water , a deep river; see s iso) . Syn. bl ia'. imbo � the jungle, primary forest; Ant. dj i no ' . ka i � inside , within ; umea ' � the ligeut be � berpu tar , berbalik; inner part of a Redjang house, turn , revolve . usually closed to visitors , a bed­ room . Syn. se 'ap. li'ing miring; steep . tanea ' � steep , rugged mountain country (as leuw laju, tidak berseri lagi ; in Marga Dj ikalang Pagardjatai) . deflowered . lij ea ' UB . ikan sawah; a paddy­ leuw sedjenis pahon ; a tree . field fish . bua ' � the fruit of the � which does not grow from a blossom , but lij eut liat; clay . pito' � clayey emerges directly from the trunk soil. and branches of the tree . lijuet litjin; slippery . The bark is used for barkcloth manufacture , its quality being I ikau liku , tikungan , belokan; a inferior to that obtained from bend , a curve . � semb i Ian a the bunut and ipua ' trees. dangerously curved road . liang I. lubang; inner cavity of likeut lekat, kental , peka t, padat; a grave , in which the corpse is thick , viscous . Syn. bukeut . placed. � lahat an inner cavity likoa ' UB . tidak lantjar , tidak in a grave . fa sih berbi tjara ; not fluent , to liang II. a liana , many of which know a little language , to have a are used for making drugs . smattering of a language . Types of liana : � gelang, � sipeui, Syn. Iikua ' L. � put ija '. I i kua duapuluh ... ; twenty Iiar o peliharalah! ; care for! , se � twenty-one ; dua i � twenty­ look after ! m � to care for , to two . look after . Syn. pl iaro. likua ' tidak fa sih, tidak lantjar libea lebar ; broad , wide . berbi tjara ; not fluent . sl indang � the wide scarf , for­ Syn. I i koa ' . merly of Redjang handweave and likus ikatlah! terikat; tie to­ now usually of Javanese batik , gether !, bind! , bound . me � to which is used by a bridegroom at bind, to tie together . his wedding . Ant. supak. lilai UB . lari ; to run ; run away . I idai lidi ; the centre vein of a Syn. me IiIa i . palm or aren frond . lili' hindarkan! ; obstruct !, hinder ! lidang penjaki t paralisa; paralised me � to obstruct, to hinder, to on one half of the body . divert, to go by a diverted route . Syn. 1 ipai. liliet seikat tali , segulung tali ; lido ha. lamba t, terbelakang; slow, a roll of rope . Syn. gelung . retarded , tardy . Syn. p�k� , lidor, d�k� , I udo i . 1 ilija' aliran, saluran; a water channel, a water course . � tebeut I idor lamba t, terbelakang; retarded , an overflow channel of a dam ; me � slow, tardy . Syn. p�k� , lido ha. , to flow; � a viaduct . d�k�, I udoi . P lilong mengigau , bi tjara dalam li'eus liar, tidak takut; wild , igauan; to babble meaninglessly unafraid , not intimidated . in a semi-comatose condition. smangeut po i tjoa sl � the paddy Syn. menganj�a , kanj�a . spirit is not afraid (said when a 57

lim mod. 1. kertas sigaret; cigarette layers. Syn . bel isit. paper, factory made cigarette paper . 1 is i t see lis i p 2. lem; glue . roko ' � factory made cigarettes ; litang ma ta djuling; cross-eyed , daweun � cigarette paper . the name of a child born cross­ eyed . limau kesasar; tersesat; to loose one 's way , to be lost. Syn . seseut . litas dululah, si lahkan ; precede ! go first ! limbe ' ikan lele; a river fish. Syn. lele. 1 itea ' lintah; a leech . limbua rak-rak; a tree the fruit of liteuw keliru, salah; wrong , mis­ which is used for making soap . guided , incorrect. limu sedjenis burung; a variety of litjeuw gerak badan jang kurang forest bird . harmoni s, liar; unco-ordinated gestures, wild , unreasonable . lindeup bajangan ; shade , shadow . litjien litjin; slippery . lingang berlenggang; with swaying Syn. lemes . Ant. gerutut . arms , with loosely swinging arms . Syn. 1 i ngo. lito' tjape , lelah, pajah; tired , fatigued , exhausted . Syn. pajea' , ling is linggi s; a wedge , a fulcrum, gawea . a crowbar . kawo tjatjo � very thick and strong coffee. I itu' bengkokkan !, lekungkan !; bend! , tw ist ! Syn . bl itu'. 1 ingo berlenggang; with swaying arms , with loosely swinging arms . liweut lalui!, susullah!; pass !, Syn. 1 i ngang . overtake !, passed . me � to pass , overtake ; ke � excessive . lipa i I. 1. sema tjam penjaki t pada kaki lengan ; a malady the chief llajang see lelajang symptoms of which are a sensation 10' hendak, ma Ul want , desire , like . of weakness in the hands and feet . Syn. la'. 2. penjaki t paralisa atau lumpuh; paralysed on one half of the body . lobo ' rakus , tamak, serakah; greedy , Syn. I i dang. lustful , avaricious . � tama ' greedy , avaricious , wanting more lipai II. pukullah! beat !, hit! , than others have . Syn. ileun , strike ! me � to beat , to hit, djeleun . to strike . lobot sebuah mur jang sudah aus , I ipeun lipan , sepesan; centipede . longgar; a hole that is too large Syn. upar. for what is placed in it, a loose I ipeut lipa tlah !; fold! Syn. lepit. nut . Syn . logo' , bobos . 1 ipo S. hati ; liver . Syn. ateui . logo ' mur jang sudah aus atau longgar, bubus; a hole that is lisai sedjenis pohon ; a forest tree . too large for what is placed in putung � � firewood . it , a loose nut . Syn. lobot . 1 isea ' gelisah; restless , worried , 10i besar; big, large . Syn. lai . fidgety , unsettled . 10k see 10k- 10k I isia' selisih, beda ; difference . � ua ' ma l eum two o'clock in the 10k-10k bengkok , ber liku-liku ; a morning; � ge l sung one o'clock twist , be twisted . ke 'is 0 in the afternoon . semb i Ian 10kneu that kris has nine twists (in its blade) . lisip be � berlapi s-lapi s; in Syn. berikok- rikok. 58

lomo ' menaruh , mendjamah, menambah; kerdja , melamar; a vacancy , to to apply (a substance). me � to apply for a job , employment . apply , to spread (paint or bitumen) . lukang mel iwati , merememehkan lomon VB. bara api , unggun api ; seseorang; to leave someone out , embers . � opo i glowing embers; to overlook a person . tmungau p � opo i the custom of lukeun kerang, lokan , tiram; oyster. appointing a child to succeed its father as guardian of his spirit luko luka ; injured , hurt, an injury, and of the family hearth , thus a sore , a wound . Syn. silea', maintaining the continuity of the 1 uka VB . lineage . Syn. ungun L. lukung sumur atau kolam jang bo tjor; lot hi lir; downstream . mi � to go a cracked we ll, a pond in wh ich downstream , to go south VB . there is a rapid and continuous Ant. ai. seepage . lua' sudah diminum; partly drunk , lulu' lumpur; mud , a muddy rice already sipped by someone . field . Syn. tj i 'eup , lupua . biowa 0 bi � that tea has already lulus I. lulus; to pass . been sipped . lulus II. sedjeni s pohon ; a forest luan arungan , penjebrangan ka li ; tree . kijeuw � a hardwood forest a ford , a water crossing. tree , the bark of which, when fried lu'at perbaikilah! ; fix! , repair ! in thin layers with glutinous rice, me � to fix, to repair. is used as a tonic by pregnant Syn. knea . women in the ninth month of gestation . lubu' lubuk; a pool, a deep pool . Lubu ' Oi 'eun Lubuk Durian , a lumang jatim pia tu; orphaned, an small market town in Marga Palik orphan . ano ' � an orphan ; in the North Bengkulu Second Level � lepus parentless and without Autonomous Area . kinsmen ; Ano ' Lumang the chief character in a cycle of Redjang lubua tjurahkan !; tip over !, tilt folktales. He is the personifi­ out ! me � to tip , to tilt sand . cation of the Redjang ideal type ludoi lalai , tidak ha ti2; negligent , good citizen . His actions are careless , unmindful . characterised by courage , deter­ Syn. 1 ido, 1 idor, ad ija. mination , patience and honesty in the face of intimidation , avarice, luea luar; outside , outer, without . persecution and deceipt . 1 uj ar boros , rojal ; waste . pe �, lumban be � berl umba , bersaing; fe � a wastrel. compete , race against. luje lembu t, halus; soft , soggy , Syn. begelas. infirm. lumea tidak beres , kurang rapi ; lujeun lain; other. tj igai � untidy . tuhanku Tuhan Al lah do 0 ba Al lah lumuet lumu t; moss. Tebo Lumut there is no other god but Allah; a mountain in the anterior Bukit others . �-� Barisan range in Lebong . luka sekam, bubu ketjil; a fish luneus I. bentuk ; shape , form , trap . Syn. skam, bau, djelodjo, morphology . Syn. uleus , rupo. ka 10' . luneus II . Junas ; paid , settled luka ' 1. penghasilan, penghidupan ; (a payment or debt) . profitable work , a return , a living. Syn. sipeun . 2. lowon gan kerdja , men tjari 59

lung UB. tjembung; deep . pi ring � 1 utj u' tertudju , terarah; pointed . a deep plate , a soup bowl . Syn. taj us , t i pus , t i 'us, men i 'us. Syn. I umbung L. I utj ua luntjurkan!; tip ! me � to lungeun lengan; an upperarm . slide off (on its own) ; ne � to deke lai � the forearm and upper­ slide something down , to tip . arm ; bua ' � the biceps . lutur luntur; faded . lungija l nggar; loose, slack. � lu'ung susunan atau tump ukan kaju Syn. unger. bakar dikolong rumah; a bamboo­ lungu kumpulkan! ; collect!, gather ! walled basement , a stack of fire­ me � to collect , to gather . wood under house . Syn. bekopoa . lu'us lurus, djudjur; straight , lunje'uw penglihatan jang kabur , honest. � serto dengeun datea suram, samar2 ; dim , unclear or true and honest , absolutely honest, hazy vision . as straight as a die . Syn. betoa . Ant. ambus , biko' . lunjua be � duduk dengan kaki membentang, berdjuntai ; sit with luwe un me � berenang; to swim . legs sprawled out or dangling, luweng pagi ; morning . � sit with legs up , sit impolitely. pe at dawn , in the early morning; lup tenggelam, karam; to capsize , pe � meun tomorrow morning ; to sink (into water) . Syn . ke lbau. bi � it is already light ; se � circumcised . lupang memar; a bruise. Syn . blau, lemeum ba lau, bangua . luweui membereskan, menjelesaikan ; finished , completed . Ant. kosot . lupat 1. alat penangkap ikan; a fish trap . luwia' muntahkan!; vomit!, spit it 2. lontjat! , lompat! ; jump ! out ! me � to jump, to spring. lupis kueh lupis; a sweetmeat of glutinous rice flour boiled in M plaited leaves and served with grated coconut and sugar . rna aksara kesembi lan dalam abdjad lupl ija tanpa tudjuan , sia-sia, Redjang; the ninth letter in the tidak menentu; in vain , without Redjang syllabary . purpose , without loss or gain. rna ku. umpama , mi sal ; for example , lupo ' kubangan; a muddy pool, a as . small pond . rna ' mod. ibu , emak; mother , mummy . lupua ' kaju rapuh; rotted wood , Sy n. indo' . timber that has long been standing ma 'ai I. sebab; a cause , a reason , in the open and is no longer because . usable . � usu' rotted wood . ma 'ai II. musuh; an enemy . lurua ' perbaikilah! ; repair !, fix ! Syn. mange , musua ' , laweun , aweun. Syn . me rurua ' . ma 'aloi beristirahat; to relax , to lusua ukuran jang kurang; short take it easy . � pajea' to rest, measure . s � genealogy , descent . to relax . lut sangat; very . paneus � very madang 1. mentjerminkan; to throw warm ; bo lon � gravely ill. back an image , to reflect . lutjeng lontjeng; a bell. 2. mengha langi , men tjegah; to prevent . � - � to hinder . 60 madar bersandar; to recline . mak i n mod. makin; the more ... the . Syn. makai , ko i . madau bermadu , beristeri lebih dari sa tu; a co-wife, a polygynous makua mentjangkul , mematjul ; to hoe . husband 's second wife or subsequent ma lai sedjenis pohon rimba ; a forest wife . m � to have a co-wife . tree . � tebo a forest tree . madeup menghadap; approach , face , ma las ma las; lazy , lackadaisical . front. tjoa � hardworking , diligent . madj 0' mengadjak; to urge , to invite . ma lau ma lu; ashamed . tjoa � madu ' bersetubuh; to copulate , to unashamed . Syn. selek. have sexual intercourse. ma l euw sedjenis damar; a species of Syn. badu '. damar, the resin of which is used ma 'er pandai , mahir; clever , skil­ as a glue in the manufacture of ful , intelligent . Syn . patjo', knife and kris sheaths . patja' , maher. ma l ia' mangalihkan , memindahkan , ma 'eup ge l sung djam sebelas siang; mendjalar, menular; to move , to eleven a.m. spread , communicable . olon 0 � that disease is communicable . ma 'eup koko monok debat djam empat pagi , hampi r fa djar; four a.m. ma l im 1. alim, sabar-tawekal , beribadat; pious . ma 'eup menek matai-bi lai djam 2. mualim, ulama ; a pious person . sembi lan pagi ; nine a.m. � - � sanctimonious , would-be ma 'eup pu bIas ama i djam tiga siang; pious , hypocr itically pious . three p.m. ma loi UB. sanga t ri ang, gembira mag ia' (+ agia') memberi , memba gi ; sekali ; an expression of pleasure to give. Syn . m l e u i , bagia'. or of sensuous enjoyment . Syn. aloi . maher mahir, pandai ; clever , intel­ ligent , skilful . Syn. ma 'er, mambea ' bertapa , bersemedi ; to go patjo' . into seclusion , to go into a temporary hermitage , to go into a rnai n us i ' bermain-main; play with a retreat . Syn. tarak. friend. Syn. gabo' , bus i -busi. mambung ku. I. membuang; to throw maj it maja t, maji t, djena zah; a away , to discard . corpse . Syn . bukeui. mambung II. sedjenis pohon rimba ; maka i makin; the more the a species of forest tree . Syn. mak in, ko i . man suami , lelaki , laki2 jang sudah makea bosan, mendjemukan; bored , beristri ; a husband, a married man . monotonous , tiresome . bi sudo � already married (of men) ; makeui 1. memakai; to use , to � ke 'eut an elderly husband utilise , to practice . (a man who is neither young nor 2. UB. memindjam; to borrow, to handsome any longer) . have a loan . Syn . adu' , batin. makeut mengangka t; to take , to take mana ' UB . I. mana , kata bertuah; up , to adopt . � dj idjai ano ' to mana , a saying impregnated with adopt a child; � kedjai to hold a ancient magical power . kedjai; � ulea' to hold a feast mana ' UB. II. membon tjeng, menum­ or celebration ; � umea ' to build pang tanpa ba jar; to hitch-hike , a house with borrowed or collec­ to cadge a lift . tively pooled labour . 61

mana i air mani ; semen . ma ra 'ba mempersilahkan makan; an expression used by a host in manat amana t, pesan ; a message , inviting his guests to start eat­ counsel. � ma teui a last message ing. Syn. ma ro'ba. of a dying man ; � pujang an ances­ tral message or wish. Syn. pseun . marea ' marah, berang; angry . Syn. mengija' , bi 'ang . ma ndo' djantung pisang; a newly emerging banana heart . marga mod. marga ; a modern admin­ istrative term for a subclan mandoa mandul, tidak beranak; territory; the smallest unit of sterile , infertile, childless . local government in Southern Syn. temanang. Sumatra, approximately equivalent manea ' sudah lama ; old . utang bi � in concept (though not geographi­ mangea ' it is an old debt . cal size) to a ke lurahan in Java . maneum kerandjang, berunang; a ma ro 'ba mempersilahkan makan; an basket larger than the tjendang expression used by a host in type but smaller than a getoa q.V. inviting his guests to start eat­ ing, bon appetit. Syn. ma ra 'ba, maneun sedjenis uli , djuadah; a smau . sweetmeat , resembling a sticky waffle. Syn. kemaneun L. marut memarut; to grate . parut a grater ; me � to grate . mang I. sedjenis pohon ; a forest tree (Elaeooarpus pe liolatus). mas emas; gold . ma �, � rna � � burung a forest tree , the fruit false gold , artificial gold , of which , if eaten , is believed to something ersatz , tinsel ; ikan � prevent or heal boils. a goldfish. Syn. remas ku.

mang II. singka tan dari kata tamang; masa i per tjaja ; to trust , to believe an abbreviation of tamang . in , to have faith in a person . mbea ' � do not believe , do not mange musuh, lawan ; an enemy . trust . Syn. musua', ma 'ai, lawe un , ambeut . maseun see aseun . mangkwing bangkuang; a small plant with edible fruit (Paohyrhizus masija' masih; still, yet. angulatus or P. erosus). Syn. gi.

mangus manggis; mangosteen, the maso 1. masa , musim; a period , a mangosteen tree (Garoinia mangos­ season , at the time of. tana) . Syn. djemeun . 2. mustahil , tidak mungkin; mani ' kal ung, manik2; a necklace . impossible ; de �, se � a Redjang � sebeha an ecclesiastical string year , i.e. one rice season . of beads , a rosary; � - � a variety of forest tree . maspul sedih, saki t ha ti ; sad , aggrieved . � ateui broken­ mano ' beranak; to beget. � tjatj i hearted . Syn. duko , seding. usury , money lending with repayment of part of crop after the harvest; ma staut in penduduk asli , pribumi ; � kan to breed fish . 1. (in general) an original in­ habitant of a Redjang village , map ija' meneba s belukar , menebang those inhabitants of a Redjang bambu ; to cut bamboo , to clear village who are descended from the bamboo groves in secondary forest village founders . in order to prepare land for 2. (in religion) all permanent cultivation. Syn. me lapea '. male members of a village mosque 62

congregation who normally attend matjo 1. merundingka n, membi tjarakan ; Friday prayer service in their own to discuss, to consult . me � to vil lage mosque . negotiate . 3. (in kinship terminology) agnatic 2. rentjana , maksud ; purpose , plan , ascendants and descendants , patri­ intention . djano � teu? what is lineal kinsmen . Syn. staut in. our plan? masu' masuk; enter , go in . mator bagian pertama dari sebuah � butua to impregnate , deflower . sambeui ; the prologue of a sambeu i, (Syn. mapang , menga 'eum.) the first of its four parts . ma ta i ma ta ; eye . � bi lai sun ; mba aksara kesembilanbelas dalam biowa � a tear , tears ; � paneuw abdjad Redjang; the nineteenth bokoa the weave used for bokoa letter in the Redj ang syllabary . baskets; � lai an inquisitive mbabeut mentjuri ; to attempt theft, person; tedung � bi lai poisonous to steal, to rob . Syn. mengebut. snake; � bi lai mda lo a ring or haze around the sun; � tjerkong mbadeuw pemalas , orang jang tidak swollen or tired eyes ; � medjodjoa baik; a good-for-nothing . tuai � eyes popping out of one 's head ; a useless or good-for-nothing � kidjang night eyes ; � tangeun eldest child in a family. The wrist knuckle; � tj itjien a stone eldest son in a Redjang family , of a ring; � kuni' the embryo of especially if he marries be l eket, something ; � kranjang to make eyes; is expected to replace his father , � - � a spy; � kekea a malleolus, standing in loco parentis vis-a-vis small toe of a fowl or other live­ his younger brothers and sisters . stock; � bi lai gedong se 'eui seven If the eldest son is � a younger a.m. ; � buluwa ' a bamboo node ; brother is chosen to replace him � niowa , � susau a nipple , teat . as custodian of his father 's spirit and guardian of his siblings and ma tang I. buki t ketjil; a hillock . the family property . Ma tang Pe las a hillock and tal ang near Topos . Syn. pematang . mba i sagu , rumbia; sago . daweun � sago-palm fronds used for thatch­ ma tang II. berpantang, makanan ing; puen � a sago palm ; sagau � pan tang; a prohibited or tabooed sago gruel . food , consumption of which results in illness . mbako keturunan , asal-usul ; descent , descendants, ancestry . Syn. bako . ma teu i ma ti ; die. ma teui bi lai � sunset; � ki '0 listless, without mban-mban ha. hamil , mengandung; appetite , jaded . Sy n. pam , pgeut, pregnant . punea . mbang sedjeni s terong; a type of mat ia kaju meranti ; a forest tree eggplant . the hard wood timber of which is mbar bajangan; a representation , much favoured for house construc­ an image , a fantasy . � buleun tion. moonlight . ma tia' mema tahkan , memotong; to spli t (wood) . mbea ' djangan ; do not (a categoric injunction used in direct speech) . ma ting mel empa r (bola) ; to throw � ues do not fall ! Syn. dang , (a ball) . dj ibea ' ha . ma tjang emba tjang; a forest mango mbe 'eut bunting (untuk binatang) ; tree and fruit thereof . pregnant (animals only) . 63

mbeko ' bengkak; swollen , bloated . clouds in the dry season , an omen Syn. tjerkong. of a fine day ; � 0 tel iweut deut the mist is very thick , the clouds mbekung bengkok ; bent , curved . Ant. I u' us . are heavy ; � blabua ' static mist . Syn. njomoa . mbeui bini , istri , bersuami , perem­ mbung laras senapan ; a gun barrel. puan jang sudah nikah; a wife , a � bdea a rifle barrel . married woman . � eet a hag; � u'ai a young or newly married mbutas meledak; to explode . wife . mdadea ' gelisah; restless . mb in membawa ; to carry , to bear ; Syn. ge I i sea' , dadea ' , b i seu i . � ban to carry a burden , to carry a heavily laden basket ; � peset mdau I. sakit pinggang; lumbago , to bear poverty , to struggle with back pain (especially in women) . Syn . ski 1 i', ktadau. poverty; n � carried , born . mdau II . lebah , tawon ; a bee . mb i ngea tak memperdulikan panggilan , masabodoh; to ignore a call or mde ' mudik; to go upstream , to go summons. north , northwards . � mo i ulau biowa to go upstream , to follow mbolo' 1. ulat kaju; a timber-boring a river to its source . insect . Syn. mi ai, mude '. 2. tidur sedjenak, mengantuk ; to Ant. mi lot, laze in bed , to doze , to sleep late . mi I ia. Syn. b 10I 0' . mdngung dengung; a humming sound , as for a car engine ticking over . mbon ba u; smell. � urn a sweet smell , a scented smell; mdundang 1. anak jang dian ugerahi � usu ' a stench, a foul odour ; setjara gaib oleh dewa-dewa ; a � teu i the stench of dung; child delivered miraculously by � bunga i the scent of flo wers; ancestral deities . � pi ' ija' the odour of the armpit. 2. bimbang padi ; the Redjang harvest festival for the ritual mbondjoa menondjol keluar; to pro­ remarriage of the male and female ject , to stick out . principles in paddy , he ld annually Syn. mengetemur. until the Japanese occupation and mbong del ta ; a fish tra p made by in 1963 . It took the form of a piling up stones and rocks in a great kedjai at which the dance of shallow stream into two lines or the gods was danced during seven walls, with the exit dammed so as days and nights . Only the Bermani to make a long, 'narrow and shal low clan is permitted to hold a � reservoir . Mbong Sinai Lubuk Sini ; though the other clans may par­ a village in Marga Selupu Lama, in ticipate if invited . Syn . bekinoi . the sea-facing foothills of the medado menelentang; to sleep on Bukit Barisan range . one 's back . mbu ' makan; to eat , to consume . medang pohon meda ng; a forest tree . � meu i to eat , to feed , (literally) Varieties of kun ing, � butau, to eat rice; � biowa to drink , to �: � sako', � tjepako, � plapung, drink tea; � atjun to be poisoned , � timea . to be consumed by poison , to have � turberculosis; n � eaten , consum­ medau tjutjuran darah wa ktu haid, ed . haid jang berlebihan; haemorrhage in women , excessive menstrual flow . mbun embun , awan, kabu t; mist, Syn . gugut, ketadau, ski Ii'. cloud , dew. � slateun long white 64 medenong mengintai , memandang dengan meglatija selip, menggelintir, tadjam; to peer (into the dark) . menggel intjir, terpel eset ; to slip, to slide . Syn . menggel itjia, medija ' belindjang, berpa tjaran, meg latjea. berkasih-kasihan; to court, to make love . � awo ' dewe to groom one­ meg latjea selip , terpeleset, self, to care for one's personal menggelintjir, menggelintir; to hygiene and clothing; pedija' a slip , to slide . Syn. meglatija, sweetheart , a lover . mengge 1 i tj i a. Syn. bemete mod. , opot . meg leup berdjalan tjepat, memper­ med irah mod. bendera ; flag . tlung � tjepa t; to go fast , to speed , to a small native tomato (tlung pit) . accelerate . Syn. momboa . mega marga ; a clan . bang � one of medjenje 1. menjeringai ; to bare the four original Redjang clans ; one 's teeth. Dj ikalang, Bemanai, Slupua and 2. mengel uarkan lidahnja ; to put Tubeui. out one 's tongue . megum bunga i hamil, mengandung; medjeum menutup ma ta , pedjam; to pregnant. Syn . bunting, mendong, close the eyes. tneu i 1 ai , ben dong . medun ija beri stirahat, melepaskan meguma ' see megumo ' lelah; to relax, to take it easy , megumo ' bermain di air kotor; to the ideal life of a Redjang man , play in or with dirty water. in wh ich he enjoys the pleasure of Sy n. meguma '. marriage , conversing and smoking with friends and being served megun bermenung, bersemedi ; to rest coffee by his wife , or to go fish­ one 's head on one 's hand meditat­ ing after bringing in the rice ing. harvest. Syn. njeradoi , mde ' ulau megu 'ut menjusu , menetek; to suckle biowa . (a baby) . Syn. menusau. me 'eum mengeram; to brood (as a hen) . mej i keuw mentjari sesuatu, men­ me 'eup mendung, awan gelap; rain djangka u; to search for something, clouds , storm clouds . to reach for something up above . mega i-igang L. keras kepala; obsti­ mekea VB . membuka ; to open . nate , hard-headed . Syn. mukea L. megamo membentji , bentji ; to abomin­ Mekea orang Pekal , suku Pekal ate , to detest, to abhor . (Seblat) ; the Pekal or Seblat people , situated to the north and megang VB. keras kepala; obstinate , northwest of the Redjang. tun � hard-headed . � -igang a self­ a Pekal , the Pekal people . willed person, an obstinate person . Syn . mega i-igang L. Mekea ' Mekah; Mecca . megau 'ut menggaruk; to scratch. m�k�r pikir, memikir, mempertim­ bangkan; to think , reason, con­ mege 'is sedjenis petai ; a variety sider . � neu ki lea' think it over of ptea. Syn. aleui . first. megi l ing menggelengkan kepala; to mekua menggali ; to dig by hand shake one 's head (from side to side) (without using an implement) . in disapproval . mekua ' I. memaksa ; to force . meg i teu i mengganti , menukar; to change , to exchange . � tikea the remarriage mekua ' II. see mekuo' . of a widower to his deceased wife 's mekuang tudung tani ; a farmer 's sister . Syn . ngubalau (action of man) . 65

wide conical hat for use in the me lnos gugur ; to fall out . rice fields . bu 'neu � his hair has fallen out (as a result of illness) . me kulai sedjenis pahon ; a forest tree . me ltua lepuh , letjet ; a blister . mekuo ' sedjenis burung; a forest me ltup meletus; to crackle, crack­ bird. Syn. mekua '. ling, to bang . � bul uwa ' the crackling sound of a burning dry me kus sedjenis ikan; a river fish . bamboo grove ; � me riam the sound Syn . sebubus . of cannon fire. me l aga ' berdanda n, bersolek ; well­ me l uep muntah; to vomit . dressed , dandyish , spivvish. Syn. mutea '. me lajea ' kata , utjapan jang menjim­ me luja' mel udah; to spit out , to pang dan berlainan; a dialectal expectorate . Syn. me luw ija'. difference , an outlandish accent . me l umbeub melimpah, kepenuhan , me lakea ' melontjat, melompa t; to mel uap; to spill over , to overflow . jump. Syn . me I upat. Syn. me l ipeuw . me lapea ' menebang; to chop down me lupat melompa t, melontjat; to large forest trees , an annual jump. Syn. me I akea ' . season activity in July preceding the burning of the fallen trunks me l uweun berenang; to swim . and branches in preparation for me luwija' mel udah; to spit out , to planting upland rice. expectorate . Syn . me luja'. Syn. ma pija'. memangea memanggil; to call , to me larat melarat; poor, poverty­ summon . Syn. bekdeuw, bekeno '. stricken . memi nija' VB . menanam benih dalam me lekang bel ulang, keras kulit(nja) ; lubang2 ; to sow by dropping seed callous (on feet and hands) . into individual seed holes . pito' � cracked earth (during a Syn . menginija ' L. drought) . memudj ai sedjenis lagu berdoi , me leset mundur, turun, susut, surut; mengudji ; a variety of be rdoi decline , suffer, recede . song. Syn. mengudjai . Syn. kuset . memueus VB . memuaskan dahaga ; to me letot berl utut; to kneel . quench . Syn. mmues L. Syn. metjekor. mena 'ai menari ; to dance . me l igeui mahligai , istana ; palace . Syn. serda . me lijeup VB . mengalir kemba li ; to menabeun mendjarah, merampa s, regurgitate . Syn. mlajeup L. merampok , merebut dengan paksa , me likat ma laikat; spirit, an ances­ memperkosa ; to raid , to pillage , tral spirit. mengija' � tia'neu to plunder , to foray , to raid to offend or anger his father's villages for women , to rape . spirit; ma rea ' � VB . idem. menabeus kenduri untuk mendja uhkan me l i lai lari ; to run, run away . setan2 dan bahaja; to propitiate Syn. Iilai . evil spirits (as in the kedurai held at the building of a new me l ipeuw melimpah, kepenuhan, house or in clearing the jungle) . meluap; overflowing, overheaped , overfilled . Syn. me l umbeub. menadjang menerdjang, djedjakan senapan ; the backfire or kick of me lkang retak; cracked but not a gun on being fired, to kick . broken (crockery) . Syn. to '. 66 menakeup menangkap; to catch . mene lij eun memintal ; to twist twine . Syn . meng ija. menangea tanggal , melepas; to drop off (as a sated leech) . Syn . mengutj ea. menem mod. minum; to drink . Syn.mbu ' biowa . menangea ' menengadah, melihat keatas; to look upwards . mene r setengah sen , sepeser ; a half cent . Sy n. rimis, peser. me napit meni sik, menambal; to darn. menera i 1. UB . mengganti tanaman; menapo S. membawa dengan tangan; to rotate (crops) , to allow a to carry by hand . fallow year in a crop cycle . menatau S. menantu; son-in-law or 2. mentjoba , berusaha ; to try , to daughter-in-law. � smaneu i son­ attempt . in law; � slaweui daughter-in-law. mengabo meraba ; to feel , to touch . Syn. stamang . me 'abo-abo to grope , to feel one 's menateup meraba ; to diagnose by way in the dark ; � -abo to grope manual examination of a patient 's carefully, to feel one 's way care­ body . Syn. mengabo . fully . Syn. menateup . mendado menelentang; to lie down mengabo ' menguliti ; to skin (a supine . Syn . tegul ing. carcass) . mendajung mod. mendajung, mengajuh; mengadjai mengadji ; to recite the to paddle , to row (with an oar) . Koran , to study the Koran . Syn. mengajua '. mengadjo memfi tnah, memburukkan, mendapeut menjambut, menjongsong; merusak nama baik; to deprave , to to greet , to advance to meet a ruin (a person 's morals). person. Syn . semsung. menga 'eum menghamili gadis, meng­ mendelung sedjenis pohon ; a species hami li dil uar nikah; to impregnate of forest tree . Syn . ml ung UB . an unmarried girl , extramarital impregnation . Syn . mengapang. mendja'ai menurunkan, mengurangi ; mengetjil, mengurus ; to reduce , to mengagea menghadap , mendekat; to minimise , to lessen . approach , to advance towards , to go to . Syn. mengeneus , mneko , mendj indj it S. membawa di tangan, menganduen . mendjindjing; to carry by hand . mengaJua ' mengajuh, mendajung; to mendj uoa mendjual ; to sell. strike , to paddle . Syn . mendaj ung . Syn. dj uoa . mengakeut 1. berdiri tegak; to mendong ka . hamil , mengandung; stand erect , an erection . pregnant. 2. mengangka t; to take , to lift . Syn. but ing, megum bunga i ha ., tneu i lai ka ., bendong ka. mengamin mengiakan , posisi wa ktu men gutjapkan "amin"; the posture menebea menjebar (bibit) , menabur; of Islamic prayer in which the to sow seed broadcast. hands are stretched out palms Syn. menjebea UB . , menj ira' . facing upward. mene ' euw mema sang djaring, mema sang mengamuk mengamuk; to go amuck . perangkap; to set a trap overnight . Syn . mengetenjang . menek ma tai-bi lai djam sepuluh menganduen ha. menghadap, mendeka t; siang; ten a.m. to approach , to advance forwards, menel eun menelan; to swallow . to go to . Syn. mengeneus , mneko, Syn. teleun . mengagea . 67

mengandun mendatangi , siap untuk menge l ija' 1. menenung , menudjum; menjerang; an aggressive mien , to divine , to diagnose a malady a threatening attitude , sparring through divination . for a fight . 2. melihat; to see .

mengangeus memenuhi keinginan , mengel imbang mengelam, menggelapkan ; hasra t atau nafsu; to satisfy a to darken, to obscure . craving. Syn. mengeleum, gemleup .

menganjea mengigau; to babble mean­ mengel umbang bergelombang, berombak; inglessly in a semi-comatose foaming, surging floodwaters. condition. Syn. I ilong, kanjea . mengemeng wa ni ta jang memperliha tkan menganjeua bersetubuh; to copulate , kemaluannja karena marah sekali; to have sexual intercourse. the exposure of her genitals by an uku bi tlau ki lai � na ' pijo infuriated woman . I have marr ied three times in this mengeneus ha. menghadap , mendekati ; place . Syn . bekedeut, badu' ka . , to approach , to come near . blakai , tjapua , mengeno '. Syn. menganduen, mneko, mengagea . mengapang menghamili gadis diluar mengenjan panganten wani ta; a bride . nikah; impregnate a girl before Ant. pegaten . marriage . Syn. nga ' eum, mengapija. mengeno ' 1. bersetubuh; to copulate . mengapija see mengapang. 2. men tjari untung; wanting to make mengapung terapung-apung; to float, profit. 10' � baje he only wants floating. profit (and is not prepared to experience any loss) . mengas nafas sesak, terengah-engah; Syn. 1. badu ', blakai, tjapua , breath heavily (in children) • bekedeut, menganjeua . Syn. ge roso '. mengesep mengisap , memperalat; to mengatjap lari ; to run away . exploit (a person or persons) . Syn. me I i I a i . mengetemu r VB. menondjol kel uar; mengebut menjerang, menjerbu , to project , to stick out . merampas; to attack , to ambush . Syn . mbondjoa . Syn. mbabeut. mengetenjang mengamuk; to go amuck , mengede ' mudik, pergi ke udik; to to kick wildly in a death struggle go upstream, to swim upstream. (as a buffalo during slaughter) . Syn. mi ai , mde' . Syn. mengamuk. mengedjeup S. mengangguk; to nod . mengeteum menotong padi , mengetam; menge la bagian kedua dari sebuah to harvest paddy . sambeui ; the second or main part mengetje' berbi tjara ; to speak , of a sambeu i . converse, gossip. begu 'au � menge le' memba lik; to turn over -ngetje' to learn to speak (said (weeds) . � dukuet to dig weeds of a child) . into a paddy field . mengetj ibea tersebar, menjebar, mengelete ' menggigi l; to shiver . berserakan ; to disperse , as the Syn. kemtea . dispersal of sons when they marry semendo an . Syn. tjangkebiar. mengeleum menggelapkan ; to darken , to obscure. Syn. mengelimbang, mengetum memaro, sema tjam idjon ; gemleup. the custom of selling an unborn 68

calf for cash , delivery of the calf meng indo i menangis; to cry , weep . to the purchaser to take place a menginija' menanam bibit dalam year after its birth. If the calf lubang2 ; to sow by dropping seed is stillborn or dies before the into individual seed holes . delivery date , it must be replaced Syn. memi nija' . by a second such calf. If three such calves die before delivery to meng ipang memotong kain; to tailor , the purchaser , the vendor 's debt to cut cloth, to cut , to divide . is automatically annulled . Syn. meng i et . mengeut I. menggigit, memagut; to meng isut S. menggi ling, mengasah; bite . to grind (between two stones) . mengeut II. VB . mentjutji muka ; mengu ' bingung; confused . to wash one 's face . menguaneui saudara lelaki dari mengge l iti ' mengusap, menjelisik perempuan; a girls 's or woman 's bulu; to stroke , to smoothe the brother. Ant. klaweu i. feathers of a cock . � bulau monok mengudjai 1. sedjenis lagu berdoi ; sobong to preen a fighting cock 's a variety of berdo i song. feathers . 2. mengudji ; to test, to examine . mengge l itjia menggelintjir, selip, Syn. 1. L. memudj ai . terpeleset; to slip , to slide . menguleng mengoleng; the head bent Syn. meg latjea , meglat ija. to one side . menggrendeng sikap ajam djantan mengumbu ' 1. memandjakan; to spoil kalau djalan mengelilingi ajam a child . betina , menggelepur; to strut in 2. membudjuk; to amuse, to pacify the manner of a cock on seeing a hen. (a child) . mengundua (J. ngun�uh) kundjungan me ngi' sesak nafas, mengi (h) ; short pertunangan; to pay a betrothal breathed, breathing with difficulty, visit. betunang sudo kundua � to suffer from asthma . Syn. mergas . persons engaged to be married mengie t memotong ka in ; to tailor , to after having made reciprocal cut, to divide , to cut cloth . betrothal visits . undua di undua Syn. mengipang. idem. mengi ' ing sema tjam djaminan , borg , mengutjea melepas, menanggalkan ; mengiring; a form of slavery where­ to drop off. Syn. menangea . by a father gave his son in bondage to his debtor until the debt was men iging tidur miring; to lie on paid . � utang g1v1ng a son in one 's side . servitude as payment of the interest men ino' I. membi dik, mengarahkan; on a loan . This custom was common to aim, to take aim. � bdea in Bencoolen and in the Pesisir, to aim a rifle . but infrequent in the Headstreams , Musai and Lebong . The custom men ino' II . mengunjah; to masticate . gradually dies out with the spread menj ajo bekerdja setjara gotong­ of Islam wh ich discountenances it. rojong diladang; a co-operative Syn. mengat ing L. , teki ' ing L. work party for planting , weeding or harvesting . The workers are mengija memintal; to twist twine or rope . Syn. mene lijeun . rewarded with a meal consisting of sawo , boiled rice , chicken , mengija' marah, berang; angry , to sauces and vegetables . � titi ' be cross. Syn . angat, using. literally a small �, in practige 69

a menjajo confined to close kins­ believed will result in the men and neighbours . A goat is not offender being punished by a maul­ killed , as would be necessary for ing or death through an attack by a large pinjeum. an ancestral tiger) . � metjakung Syn. pinjeum, pmo , menjerajo L. to urinate squatting , the correct and we ll-mannered fashion for a menjalik 1. menjamar; to change in Redjang male . form or essence . 2. berubah mendjadi orang lain , menjebea VB. menjebar benih, reinkarnasi ; metamorphosis of a menabur; to sow broadcast. deceased person into a baby or Syn. menj ira', menebea . small child , reincarnation . menjebe 'ang menjeberang; to cross menj ambeui menjanji setjara Redjang; (a river, a sea, a lake) . to sing or sere nade in traditional menjebibiet memandjat, mendaki ; to Redjang fashion . Sambeui songs climb up holding onto a rail, were usually sung at night , by a ladder , ropes or roots for support. suitor to his mistress through the special � lattice between the menjebu 'au merasa iri , tjemburu; front room and the inner room of to be jealous , to envy , to be a Redjang adat house . The verses suspicious. slaweui 0 � ade ba of the suitor , usually in archaic si sako adu ' neu midija ' ngen tun me taphoric language , often with a lujeun that woman suspects her strong admixture of Lembak, Pasemah husband of philandering . and Javanese vocabulary , are menjedekau menjedekahkan; to pro­ answered in similar style by the pitiate , to give an offering (to girl who is courted . Elderly a spirit or god) . women also � to greet an honoured guest. menjekea tidak memperhatikan, tidak perduli ; not to take heed . menj amea I. bersandar; to rest in � baje ko j o you do not attend, a reclining position L. , VB. you are not really listening. Syn. menjangeut, menjeradai. Syn. menj ikea L. menjamea II. menangkap ikan dengan menjelen menjalin , menempa tkan , merogoh-rogoh ; to grope or feel " menaruh, menuangkan; to put , to for fish in a pond L. place , to pour . Syn. betekoa . menjeleum menjelam; to dive (into menjandea duduk menjandar; to sit water) . comfortably, one's back leaning against a wa ll. Syn. menj angeut . menjembea ' menjembah; to give the customary Redjang sembea ' (q. v. ) menjangeut duduk menjandar; to rest salute . in a recling position . Syn . menjamea , menjerada i. menjepeui menjapu ; to sweep . Syn. menj upau . menj atang 1. mengantjam sambil memperlihatkan tindju; to stretch menjeradai duduk bersandar; to rest the arm out with the fist clenched . in a recling position . 2. berlajar dengan perahu papak; Syn. menj amea , menj angeut, to punt. menjeradoi. menjea ' ken tjing, buang air ketjil; menjeradoi see menjeradai . to urinate , to micturate , to pass menjerajo menjajo water , to piss. � tego to urinate see standing (a serious transgression menjesung menjusul , mengiku ti ; of Redjang etiquette which it is to follow. 70

menjete' mengikut, menurut, menunj u' menundjuk; to point , to menemani ; according, following , indicate . to accompany . Syn. mnotoa . menusau menjusui , menetek; to menje'um sedjenis penjaki t anak2 ; suckle a baby . Syn. megu 'ut, illness of a child aged between mleui upan ano 'neu. one and three years , believed to me ' ong berang2 , memerang; beaver . be caused by the pregnancy of its mother. It is cured by a special me radj u' sedih, duka ; sad , kedurai � using a lemeuw belangija. aggrieved , miserable . Syn. duko ateui, ibo, bibo, seding. menj ikea see menjekea me rado i mengemi s; to ask for alms , menj ira' menjebar (bibit) , menabur; to beg. to sow broadcast. Syn. menj ebea , menj i ro ' . me rajeup merajap , merangkak, menjuruk; to creep , to crawl under menj iro' menj ira' see water . Syn. menju'up. menj ium mentjium; to kiss , to sniff . meranda meranda , mendjanda ; a menjobong menjabung, mel awan; to widower , a divorcee . Syn. djando, fight , to contend , to pit against. me rando. � monok a cockfight . me rando see me randa menj uga i menjugi ; to rub one 's me rape ' 1. menjertai , menemani ; to teeth and stop one 's mouth with accompany someone else in dining a wad of tobacco . or drinking . It is a rule of menjumbar menondjolkan diri , sombong, etiquette that in offering food memba nggakan diri ; to boast. or drink to a guest the host should partake of whatever is menj u'o' bersorak bersama-sama; to offered at the same time . call out together, to shout in 2. menjetudjui ; to agree, to unison . Syn. besu'o' L. consent , to reach agreement . menjupau menjapu; to sweep . me ras i transmigrasi , transmigran, Syn. menj epeu i . taruna karja ; a migrant , a trans­ menj usau S. menjusu (i} ; to milk. migrant , a settler (refers mainly to Javanese transmigrants in menju'up menjusup, merajap, merangkak ; Redjang country) ; transmigration . to crawl , to creep. Syn. me rajeup. tun � a (Javanese) settler . menugea menugal ; to plant up land me ratea menggado , memakan lauk rice , using a long digging stick . pauk sadja ; to eat lapeun2 only Syn. beto'o' . without rice . Syn. senakea . menukup menelungkup ; to sleep face me rdjang I. berbi tjara bahasa downwards , to sleep on one 's ' Redjang; to speak the Redjang stomach , to sleep on all fours as language . children sometimes do . me rdjang II. menerobos djalan dalam menuneus menjiang, memotong bambu; rimba ; to pioneer a path through to weed , to cut bamboo . � dua i the jungle . kilai the second weeding of a field . me reng miring; oblique . ata' � insane , mad . Syn. senewen mod. menung berfikir, bermenung; to day­ dream, to meditate . dong � he is me renung sedih, priha ti n, was2; daydreaming. anxious , worried , concerned . Syn. renjeng, dungu '. menungua menokok; to strike with a rock . 71

me rgas sesak nafas, penjaki t paru2; me tjenger duduk bertengger , sikap consumption , tuberculosis. duduk jang tidak pantas dan bisa Syn. mengi '. kena denda ; to perch or sit haunched on a railing (a posture me rgo mod. marga ; a clan or subclan considered indecent and for which and its localised territory , there is an adat fine) . cf. mego . me tjer lintjah; to patter , to hurry me risau ma in djudi ; to gamble. along (as a child) . me runj ung mundjung, lebih dari metjer-utjer tidak serentak; at penuh ; heaped , piled up , full to different times, not simulta­ the brim . neously , in a long line (e.g. me rurua ' memperbaiki , mengoba ti ; to rice seed to mark a border) . repair , to cure , to rehabilitate . Syn . tjautj er L. Ant. derimba'. mesegai sudut, segi , persegi ; direction, corner , angle. me tj imet mentjibir; to pout , to pat � angin the four winds , winds stick out one 's lower lip as a from the four ends of the earth , sign of or response to peevish­ from all directions . ness or chagrin . Ant. singum. mesen S. garam; salt. Syn. silai . me tjumau mentjumbu , mengusap­ me siau mesiu; ammunition . ngusap; to caress. Syn. sedawo . met jut memetjut, memukul ; to lash, me te mod. teman , pa t jar; friend , to whip , to beat . netju t beaten , girlfriend , boyfriend, lover . lashed , whipped . be � to court. Syn. keped ija' , mm i dija', pedija'. meu i nasi , boiled or steamed rice . mbu ' � to eat rice, let us eat , meteng berkeringa t, berpel uh; to bon appetit; mbu ' blau to eat perspire , to sweat . biowa � � newly harvested rice; pe t � perspiration , sweat . please help yourself to more rice , metera i puteri radja ; a princess have a second helping of rice ; aged from twelve to fifteen years. � ketea ', � ksoa , � ma tea rice � piseut the youngest daughter that is incompletely boiled and in a family . Syn. semu leun titi '. consequently unpalatable , parboiled rice ; � angit burned rice . metiko zat ga ib dalam tubuh bina­ tan� dan dipakai sebagai djimat; meun besok; tomorrow . pluweng � a magical substance in the body tomorrow morning . of an animal similar to a pearl meus mengantar , menemani seseorang in an oyster , and used as a drug . dalam perdjalanan ; to accompany a � djagung a precious stone person on a journey, to chaperone , believed to be present on rare to escort . occasions in a maize stalk , it is an augury for a bountiful crop . meut melenting (seperti per) ; � bungai a floral essence ; springy , flexible , sprung . � teui abhorrent , disgusting; mewet kering, mersik; crisp . radjo a king of outstanding � Ant. gajeut , luje. qualities . mgo kebanjakan , berlebihan; super­ metjakung berdjongkok ; to sit on fluous, abundant . tjoa � not one's haunches. valued , not highly regarded . me tjekor berlutut; to kneel . Syn. me letot . 72

mi ke , kepada , menundju; to , towards , mineun bibi ; father 's or mother 's in the direction of . � ai up­ younger brother 's wife . stream; � jo hither ; � lot down­ Syn . nemo ' kundeui mamang . stream ; � mbea ' below, downward ; mingit merenget; to fret , to � ndas upward ; � ndoi (UB. mindai) whimper . here, to this place ; ko � ndoi ! come here ! minja' minjak; oil . midang-midang berdjalan-djalan; to minjo' minjak; oil . � mies cook­ take a stroll, to go for a walk . ing oil; � tanea ' kerosene. Syn. paneuw-paneuw, mto-mto, msoa Syn . m i nj a' . hawa, beraja-raja. minoi minta , mahon ; to ask , to mideup merasa ; to feel, to sense . request. Syn. minai . � ba i ' tasty indeed , delicious, mipai mimpi ; to dream. dong � it feels good ; � olon to feel dreaming. pain. Syn . mneuem. mipis tipis; thin . l emeuw � a midja medja; table . � kijeuw lime . besega i a European table, a square wooden table ; lepe' � misai membajar; to pay . � utang tablecloth . to pay a debt (in a figurative sense , to give a feast and conduct mies manis; sweet. � ga lai nectar a ritual to release oneself from a of ... � mdau honey . (7) ; vow) ; � nasar, � niat to redeem a mihol membolos ; to play truant . pledge by making a ritual offering . mi 'is botjor, merembes; a leak misin mengizinkan; to permit, to (from a pipe or aquaduct) . allow. Syn . t i ri s. mising buang air, hadjat besar; to mike menipu; to deceive , to cheat , defecate . � dalea', � mi lea' to to hoodwink . nike cheated , have blood in the stool; � tje'et deceived. Syn. munapik. diarrhoea; � keboboa constipated . mi lea' merah; red, scarlet , crimson . misoa menghalau , mengusir; to chase gulo � red (aren) sugar ; mising � away . dysentry, blood in excreta; � u'ai misuet menggiling; to crush , to pink; � tua i scarlet , maroon . press . � tjabe to crush chillies. mi l ing 1. berbi tjara ; to speak , to mitas mendulukan , menji lahkan talk . duluan; precede , go first. 2. berbunji , ribut; to make a noise, Syn. 1 i tas . to sound . mbea ' ko � better not to speak , be quiet , shut up ; mi tung menghi tung; to count . dau pe � talkative . mla' see mlak mimbeut memukul, menampar; to hit, mlading (J. lading) �r�s, meradjang; to slap , to strike (without a to chop finely . Syn. iris, sna'it. weapon) . nimbeut pass . mla'eup mendjalar; to spread . opoi � min mod. EEIC . sema tjam rempah; the fire has spread , a fire that is mint . out of control, a forest fire . minai minta , mahon ; to ask , to mlai UB . bandji r, tergenang; flooded , request . Syn . minoi . in deep water . minda i kesini ; hence , here . mlajeup mengalir kembali ; mindoi see mindai. regurgitate . Syn. me lijeup. 73

m1ak mendjemur, mengeringkan; mnea membuat, membikin ; to do , to to dry , to dessicate . � ton make . � su'eut to write , to to dry paddy ; k1ak ton a place wri te a letter ; � b iowa to make for drying paddy . tea . m1at 1. melanggar; to transgress, mnea ' tamu ; a visitor, a guest . to break a rule of the law. mneko (J. teko) menghadap , mendeka t, 2. memidjak; to tread , to step on . datang; to approach, to come near , m1eui memba gi , memberi , mengasih; to advance towards. to give . kedura i magea Semad Syn. menganduen , mengeneus, Pito � pmbu ' pangeun magea tana­ mengagea . tana i a kedura i to the God of mnet mendjahi t; to sew, to stich . the Earth offering him victuals; � mbu ' meui mengenjan , � mbu ' mneuem merasa ; to feel , to sense . meui pegaten to offer food to Syn . mideup . the bride , to offer food to the mngagea ka . menghadap , mendeka ti ; bridegroom , a custom of the to approach , to go to . village whereby each family Syn. menganduen ha. , mneko , feasts the bridal couple with mengeneus ha. mso ' sawo munua ' monok. Syn . bagia', magia' . mngedudu ' mera ung, menderu; to roar (as an aeroplane engine) . m1euw hi tam; black . Syn . kumbang . mn iso ha. , VB . kena sumpah , ter­ m10 penjaki t kulit, kudis; an kutuk; an adverse or calamitous infectious skin disease common in consequence of some magical or children. � po i impetigo , supernatural cause . Syn. sta ka. scabies, a children 's skin disease believed to be caused through its mnotoa menurut, menjusul ; according mother 's faulty diet , e.g. as a to , following, to accompany . result of a nursing mother eating Syn. menjete'.

goat 's meat . ' rna ambil; to fetch , to bring ; m1u' mel empar; to throw. � biowa to fetch water from a river , spring or well . m1ua' memerintah, menjuruh; to ne � 1. fetched , brought . order. 2. a wife (in be1 eket marriage , m1u'ea' luntur; to fade , a dye after the brideprice has been wh ich is not fast . paid , now used indiscriminately , regardless of the marriage form) . m1umbeup mel uap, terlalu penuh, sangat penuh; overfilled , full to mo i pergi , turut, ikut; to go , to the brim . Syn . itip-itip. move , to go with, to accompany . � ipeu? where?; � a1au to go m1ung VB. sedjenis pahon ; a species (somewhere) , to proceed; � ba of forest tree . Syn. mende1ung . go !; � totoa tun 0 go along with Mmanai Marga Bermani; the Bermani that person . clan or bang mego , one of the momboa 1. bendera ; a flag , a four Djang Tiang Pat or Djang Pat standard . Petulai . Syn. Bemmana i. 2. warna lembajung wa ktu fadjar, mmues memuaskan dahaga ; to quench . tanda akan adanja kema tian; a red Syn. memueus . streak in the sky at dawn , a sign of death in the village or neigh­ mnda i mandi ; to bath , to wash one­ bourhood . Syn. med irah mod. self •. monok ajam; a fowl , a chicken : mndeum enak; tasty. Sy n. mi deup ba i ' . � beu i a hen ; � sebong a cock; 74

� sebong palang a cockerel; thoughts , to exchange ideas ; � bilai a rooster; � titi I � dj udau to find a spouse , in a chick; � biring a red­ the sense of seeking the persons feathered, black-breasted fowl who have been predetermined by with yellow feet, used for ritual fate , or by 'the grandmother in purposes; sunud � a portable the moon (sebeui buleun) ' to be fowl house ; tingija � a fowl spouses, even before they are perch; � tjakingan (see tjakingan); born; � hawa to take a walk , to � djagua a prize cock ; � bugo go for a stroll, to take the air; a forest fowl . � luka ' to seek a living , to work . mopoa memetik; to pick . � kawo to pick coffee beans ; � ti 'euw to mtang membentang; to unroll . pick mushrooms . � aga i bridge of the nose; � kasua to unroll a mattress . mosong musang; a civet cat (Paradoxurus Zeucomyotax) . mtapang pohon ketapang; a forest � bul eun muskrat, no smell; tree (Termina Zia cattappa). � pandeun muskrat , pleasant � kidi I a small variety of �; scented. � lai a large variety of �. mpeum menutup; to close, to shut . mt i s-atis makan sediki t2, perlahan­ Ant. muko I. lahan ; to nibble , to eat slowly and painstakingly. Syn . gute2 . mplop mod. amplop; an envelope . mtj i I memertjik; to sprinkle . mpo i sedjenis pohon ; a forest tree . � tepung tabea to sprinkle ritual mpong mengempang, bendung; dam , water to atone , to cleanse (of sin) . barrage , barrier . mtjilut pent juri ketjil; a petty mpu ' mentjutji tangan; to dip , to thief . ma ling � an inveterate rinse . � tangeun to rinse one 's thief. Syn. ngremet . forefingers, before and after mtjua ' memba gi , memi sahkan ; to eating. divide , separate , undo . � tnoa mput puputan; a bellow's blower. (the crime of) having sexual intercourse with a girl below the Mrika Amerika ; Amerika Serikat; age of puberty . America, the United States of America. tun � an American; mtj u 'i' mandja , aleman , dimandjakan; wang � an American gold dollar spoiled , naughty (said mostly of coin. a child, especially the youngest child in a family) . ano ' � a msa ' ma sak; cooked , ripe , mature . spoiled child. Syn. mso' . mto berdjalan, djalan-djalan; to msapeut sedjenis pohon rimba ; a walk out , to walk about . � - � forest tree . to go for a walk , to stroll; mseun meningga lkan pesan , � usa to take a walk (= paneuw mengingatkan; to pass on a message , ubeus-ubeus). Syn. midang-midang, to remind . paneuw, msoa hawa . mso ' masak; cooked , ripe , mature . mtup menggerek, mengebor, membuat � sawo munua ' monok to cook and lubang; to make a hole , to drill slaughter a fowl , the traditional a hole . way of honouring a guest. mtut kentut; wind, fart . � jung Syn. msa I. to snort. msoa men tjari ; to find , to search . ' mua lap Ar.mod. mu 'allaf, djinak; � ki '0 to meditate, to find a convert to Islam , a proselyte . 75 muang buang; throw away , discard . Mu loi Dj idjoi Mula Djadi ; First­ � nedj is menstruate . to-be , name of a Redjang village deity , the mythological or actual mubua ' menebang, merobohkan; to founder of a village . fell a tree . mumbu ' membudjuk; to pacify , to ke raija. see calm . � ano ' dong meng indo i to mude ' mudik, kehulu; upstream, calm a crying child . up-country. Syn. emde '. munapik munafik, penipu , orang mudea ' murah, gampang, mudah; jang tidak djudjur, lain di luar cheap , inexpensive , easy . lain didalam; a cheat , a person � kaseunneu an easy bargain, who cannot be trusted . an easy negotiation . Syn. mike. Ant. la'ang . Syn. mu 'ea' . , mundo pulang pergi , mundar mandir; mudjaher ikan mudjair; a paddy­ to go to and fro , go back and field fish. forth . mudj ua mudjur , terima kasih; mungut memungut, mengumpulkan; to thanks , thankyou . � ma lang take collect, to pick up , to gather . it or leave it, for good or for � uba i tingea-tingea to glean worse, for better or for worse . cassave from a field which has Syn. terimo kas ija' mod. already been harvested . mu 'ea' gampang, mudah, murah; muning nenek mojang, mojang; one 's cheap , easy, light , uncomplicated . great-great-grandfather or great­ djerka i � good luck; tmudjau � great-grandmother or any of their a careless attitude , lackadaisical . siblings . Syn. mudea '. Ant., paj ea ' . munj in menjembunjikan ; to hide . mu 'eui burung murai ; a bird. nunj in hidden . mu 'eun meradju, putus asa ; to muno kabur , tidak menentu , tanpa despair , to be disillusioned , tudjuan jang djelas; vague, with­ to be saddened . out purpose , without a clear destination. Syn. pnar. mukea membuka ; to open. Syn. mekea VB. mus ia daging has; tenderloin . � danea ' outer tenderloin; mukuet merumput, menJ�ang; to weed , � leum inner tenderloin. to cut grass. � dukuet to cut weeds ; � bulau ktio' to pull out musj ap ir AI'. mod. perantau, musjafir; armpit hair; � monok to pluck a a person on a long journey , a fowl . person occupied with some task and therefore unable to attend the mu lai M. mulai ; to begin , start . mosque service on Friday , a person Syn. mu l oi . who does not fast dur ing Ramadhan mu lau bosan; boring, monotonous. because travelling afar . mu lea ketjewa , merintangi ; musua ' musuh , lawan; an enemy , an frustrated , inhibited , obstructed. opponent , opposite . Syn . ma 'ai , :;,yn. gawea . mange, laweun, ambeut . mul euw mengusir, menghalau; to mutea ' muntah; to vomit. evict , to eject. uma i dong � Syn. me luep. a rice field almost ready for muteu mengangguk ; to nod the head harvesting. (up-and-down) approvingly . muloi mulai ; to start, begin. 76 muteut menjenga t, menggi gi t dari nagea didjemput , didatangi ; called , belakang; to sting from the rear fetched , summ oned (pass. of magea). or with the tail, as does the nagia' ha. + agia' memba gi ; to sebutai wasp. S yn. mutut. divide , to dona te , to give out , mutung luka terbakar, letjet; to bequeath. abrasion , a burn (bodily wound) , nahi (mod. Ar. nahju) larangan, burned. pantangan dalam Islam; evil deeds, mutut menjengat, menggi gi t dari wickedness, a deed interdicted by belakang; to sting from the rear Islam . Ant. amar. or with the tail as does the nakau diakui ; recognition of a sebuta i wasp . S yn. muteut. person 's merits , acknowledged . kepatjo'neu bi � ,his wisdom has been recognised; mengakau to recognise , to acknowledge ; skakau N to acknowledge one another . na aksara keenam dalam abdjad nakea nakal ; naughty , mischievous . Redjang; the sixth letter in the nakeui dipakai , di gunakan; 1. used , Redjang syllabary . practised , utilised . na ' di ; at , to. � di there , 2. borrowed , on loan . thence ; � pijo here , hence . adat gi � the body of customs which are practised or in force . naba i sedjenis ikan; a river fish . Syn. ngaba i . nakeut diangka t; lifted , raised . nabea ' dipotong, potong!; nako ' mendjamin; to guarantee . cut (pass. and imp .) nakum diangka t; lifted , raised . act. mengabea ', mabea '. S n. nakeut . imp . kabea '. y na lea' dikalahkan; defeated nabo meraba ; to diagnose by feeling (pass. of ma lea'). the affected part , limb or organ . � - � to diagnose by feeling the nal eus dibalas; answered . whole of the body; mengabo to nal ia' dialihkan, dipindahkan; grope , to feel in the dark . moved , transferred. nabo ' menguliti, mengupas; to peel, nal ing di tjuri ; stolen , robbed to remove peel or outer skin . (pass. of ma l ing) . nadau diadukan , di tuduh; accused . nal up dikatjau , diaduk; stirred , act . mengadau. imp . kadau. mixed . recipr. skadau . nam se potong djas dengan kantjing nadea ' dibi tjarakan; spoken . enam; an Edwardian or teddy boy nadeum dimatikan , dipadamkan , style of jacket much in favour dihapus; extinguished , erased . among men living in villages pass. of kadeum. adjacent to the main Kepahiang to Muara AIDan road in 1961-62 , nadjea di adjar, dididik; educated , has six buttons. S n. num se . taught, instructed. y act. madjea . imp . kadjea . nambap di timpa ; to be struck by a recipr. skadjea . falling tree . nadjo' diadjak; urged , encouraged . nambung dibuang; exiled , ejected (pass. of kambung) . naga i naga ; a snake , a dragon . 77

nameun mengerti , tahu , mahir; napua ' napuh ; a small deer , larger understand , comprehend . than a mousedeer . � nibung a uku tjoa � I don 't understand . larger variety of �.

nameus diremas; to squeeze coconut narea di tjela , di tjemoohkan ; juice from the pith . upbraided , blamed .

namu ' mengamuk; to go amuck . narea ' dimarahi ; rowed , angry with (pass. of ma rea'). Syn. nengija'. nanea ' nanah; pus . nasai pertjaja ; to believe , to naneu i anai-anai , semut; ants , trust . tj oa � do not trust, termites . Syn. aneui2. untrustworthy . naneut dibanting; shaken , knocked . nasar AI'. mod. niat, nazar , ka ul ; naneuw didjalankan , dilaksanakan; a vow , a pledge . misai � to operated , executed, put into redeem or pay a vow by making a effect . imp . kaneuw . ritual sacrifice and holding a aot. maneuw. feast . Syn. niat.

nangai muara ; estuary , confluence . nasea dikubur; buried (pass. of ma sea) . nangan dipanggang; roasted , gr illed . nasea ' digosok ; polished (pass. of nangea dipanggil; summoned (to a mengasea ' ) • tribunal or court) . Sy n. nadeuw. naseun di rundingkan , dimufaka tkan; nangeus memakan lauk pauk sadja , negotiated , agreed . � monok to menggado ; to eat lapeun2 only negotiate the purchase of a fowl , without rice. Syn. me ratea , see aseun. senakea . naseup diasapi , dipanggang; smoked nanj u' diantjam, diadjak , digertak; (pass . of maseup) . threatened , invited . Syn . nidje. nasip nasib; fate , providence , nanD tadi ; recently, formerly , just destiny . mentioned earlier. nasu ' dimasuki ; entered (pass . of na ' 0' (UB. na ' a') kuno , dulu, waktu mas u') . � sitan possessed by a lampau; former, ancient , olden. devil. ibeun � the custom of the ances­ tors or forefathers in offering natea UB. kulit kaju ; a barkcloth sirih to guests; sambeui � cere­ blanket, usually made of the bark monial, welcoming sambeu i song for of the bunut tree . guests. badjau � a shirt of barkcloth; soko ' � a headcloth of barkcloth; napea ba tu napal ; edible clay or sruwa � barkcloth trousers. marl . � Ii 'eut white granite . Syn. te 'eup. napea ' dipapah, dibimbing; led by nateun tjukupan , sedengan; moder­ the hand , guided , patronised ately , just a little. (pass. of mapea '). Syn. nimbing . nateup I. saki t perut; a stomach­ napeui didjemur , dikeringkan ; hung ache , colic . out to be dried, drying (pass. of mapeu i). nateup II. menga tap; to roof a house . napeus dirampa s; seized . Syn. rapas . nateut halaman desa , alun2; the village square , an open space in napia' menebas bambu untuk ladang; the centre of the village . to cut down a bamboo grove to make kuta i � the village community- a paddy field. 78

(in contrast to the sadeui which neket diikat� ;ied , roped together is a village in the physical sense) . (pass . of meket) Syn. lateut, laman. ne lajang ha . dikubur; buried . nati belum; not yet . Syn. kasea ka. , kenubua . nat ia' dipatahkan ; broken , fractured . ne le' membalik; to return , to turn back , to turn something inside nat ing dilempar; thrown , ejected . out intentionally . natjang rebus; cooked, boiled . nema ' istri , bini ; wife . lapeun � a plain boiled dish (i.e. ' Syn. keba i, mbeu i, nemo' . not fried or boiled in sateun) . nembas dipukul ; flailed, whipped . natjung dipantjung, ·dipotong sekali Syn. nimbeut . gus dengan sa tu pukulan; felled with one stroke , cut down with a nemo ' 1. istri , bini ; a wife . single stroke of a knife , sword or 2. diambil; taken. adze. Syn. 1. kebai , mbeu i, nema'. nau aren , enau; aren (palm) . nengija' dimarahi ; raged , angry pun � an aren palm tree ; with . Syn . ma rea '. gulo � aren palm sugar , red sugar . nerako neraka ; hell . Syn. nerko . nau'u mengangguk , mengiakan; to nod nerko see nerako or grunt approval, to agree to everything. tun me � a yes-man . nertau memberi tahu , mengabarkan; Syn. nu' eu. to inform , to tell. nda I. aksara kedua puluh satu dalam netang dibentang, dipaparkan; to abdjad Redjang; the twenty-first unfold, to stretch out (clothes, letter in the Redjang syllabary . linen) . Ant. kemipeut . nda II. tangga ; a ladder . Syn. ndea . neteus dipotong (tali) ; cut , severed (string or rope) . ndau kembar; a multiple parturation , twins. Syn. endau. net jut (pass. of met jut q.v.). ndea tangga ; stairs , a stepladder , nga aksara ketiga dalam abdjad a pole ladder. Syn. nda. Redjang; the third letter in the Redjang syllabary . ndeuw dipanggil; summoned (to a tribunal or court) . Syn. nedeuw . nga-ngi sedjenis burung; a forest bird . Syn. ng i -ng i . ndja aksara kedua pul uh dua dalam abdjad Redjang; the twenty-second ngabai sedjenis ikan ; a river fish. letter in the Redjang syllabary . Syn. naba i . neba i nabi ; prophet. � Mohamad nga ' eum menghami li di l uar the prophet Muhammad . pernikahan; impregnate a girl before marriage . (act. menga 'eum) . nebus direbus, dimasak; boiled . Syn. mengapang , mengapija. katjang � boiled peanuts . ngan dengan; with . nedeuw dipanggil; summoned (to a Syn . ngen , ngeun . tribunal or court) . Syn. ndeuw. ngang enggang; laughing bird nedj is kotoran, nadjis; menstrual (Rhinop lax vigil) . blood, filth, dirt. muang � menstruate . ngas sesak nafas, terengah-engah; to breath heavily, out of breath . neg iet dibelah, dibagi ; split, divided. 79 ngebuen 1. mengasingkan orang jang ngus mul ut; mouth . menderi ta penjaki t menular; to ngut sampai , hingga ; until, till . isolate a person suffering from a contagious disease, to quarantine . ni ' 1. dianjam dan dirapikan ; 2. pondok untuk �; an isolation plaited . or quarantine hut . 2. halus , lembu t; fine , delicate . Syn. anies, titi'. ngel ijong ngel ujur, pergi tanpa tudjuan; to wander aimlessly niang dimarahi ; to be rebuked , to and without purpose . be the object of anger . Syn. nj ilong . niat nazar , kaul , niat; a vow , a ngen dengan; with. pledge . Syn. nasar. ngeui kotor; impure , polluted , nibeut dibungkus ; wrapped, parcelled . dirty, filthy , unclean . act. m i beut . tangeun � the left hand , the imp . kibeut. hand that cleans the anus after nibung sedjenis pohon ; a species of defecating. Syn. guma ', gumo' . tree . napua ' � see napua'. ngeun dengan; with. nidau mengoba ti dengan djampi 2, Sy n. ngen, ngan. mendjampi ; a spell to exorcise ngga aksara kedua puluh dalam demons or neutralise the effects abdjad Redjang; the twentieth of kesapo . Syn . djapai. letter in the Redjang syllabary. nideup be � see ideup. nggas pohon tanpa daun2; a bare nidje melagak; to preen . tree , a leafless tree . � - � monok sobong to preen a nggu ' djaminan , borg; a deposit, fighting cock . Syn. nanju. a guarantee . tjoa � unguaranteed , nido menggi ring; to lead livestock , without a deposit. to herd . Syn. nisoa . ng i -ng i sedjenis burung; a forest ni 'eun -pun , sungguh , benar , nian; bird. Syn. nga-ng i . indeed , in truth , very , exceedingly . ngien sedjenis pohon ; a tree , the ni 'is meratakan , memotong supaja timber of which is regarded as rata ; to make a clean cut, to inferior and used only for rough file a rough edge . constructional work and for field shelters. nikea ' nikah, kawin; married , wedded . act. mikea'. imp . kikea'. ngolot mengurut, memidji t; to massage . me � to massage ; seko 1 ot nikut digendong; carried (as a baby two persons simultaneously massag­ or infant) on the back , piggy-back. ing each other (pass. nolot) . nil i' diindjak-indjak; trodden , ngong djangkrik, riang2 ; cricket , stamped by foot . poi bi � the cicada . paddy has been trodden. ngsano' saudara sekandung, nil o sedjenis pohon ; a forest tree . seperadi k; siblings . nilo' ditolak , dielak; avoided , Syn. sepasua '. parried . (pass . of mi 10') • nguaneui saudara lelaki ; a brother, nimbeut dipukul; flailed , whipped . a uterine brother, a male sibling. Syn. nembas . nguba lau menggantikan tikar; the nimbing dipapah , dibimbing; led by custom whereby a man is enjoined the hand , guided , patronised . by his agnatic kinsmen to marry Syn. napea '. his deceased bro.ther 's widow . 80

nimo' dihina , di tjela , di tjemoohkan; njaba i njawa ; a soul , the soul . insulted , to provoke with insults , Syn. dj iwo. to criticise , to rebuke . njangeut menjandar; to sit back . Syn. tjemo ' o . njekopot makanan ajam dari menir; nineus bernafas, mengisap, menjedot; a chicken feed of crushed rice to suck in air, to inhale. mixed with rice husk . ning dahi , kening; forehead . njemen lapar; hungry , avid . nini ' kakek ; a grandfather. � ni 'eun ravenous . niowa I. kelapa , njiur; a coconut njeradoi melepaskan lelah, ber­ tree , a coconut . puen � a coco­ istirahat (duduk dikursi malas) ; nut tree ; bua ' � a coconut . to relax , take it easy. Syn. medun i ja. niowa II. memo tong balung ajam djantan; to cut a cock 's comb njeui reda , berhenti ; abate . (in preparation for a cockfight) • udjeun tekedjut � the rain sud­ denly abated . nipang-n i pang dibelah-belah; cut in strips . Syn. nipea-ipea . njeup hi lang, lenjap; mislaid , disappeared, accidentally lost. nipea ' nipah; a variety of palm . Syn. 1 aput . nipea- i pea dibelah-belah; cut in nj ilong berdjalan tanpa tudjuan , strips . Syn. nipang-nipang. ngelujur; to wander aimlessly and n i peu i dikumpulkan (iuran atau amal) ; without purpose . Syn. ngel ijong . collected (alms or contributions) . nj injia menggeretjok ; to nag, to Nipon Djepang, Nipon ; Japan . repeat orders more than is necess­ tun � Japanese . ary . niro nira ; aren juice , palm toddy . njomo VB. ikan sawah; a paddy-field fish. nisai dibajar; paid . njomo ' njamuk; a mosquito . nisia di tjutjuk; to hook a fish . njomoa embun ; dew . Syn. mbun . nisoa menggiring; to lead livestock , to herd . Syn . nido. njosong merubah kawin semendo mendjadi djudjur; to convert a nisut digiling; crushed , milled . semendo an marriage into a be l eket nitas mendahului , melintas; to take marriage by prior arrangement . a short cut , to precede another . njum mentjium; to kiss , smelling a niteu i menantikan suatu kesempa tan person (as Redjang do) . atau kedjadian; to await (an occa­ nlak (pass . of mlak) didjemur , sion , a season, a development , an dikeringkan; dried, desiccated . opportunity). Syn . nupung . nlat di indjak ; stepped on, trampled. nitung dihi tung, direken ; reckoned , act. mlat . imp . klat. counted . recipr. 5 k 1 at . ni 'u' didenqar; heard , listened to . nleui dibagi , diberi ; divided, nja I. aksara kedua belas dalam donated (pass . of mleui) . abdjad Redjang; the twelfth letter � - � bequeathed , donated . in the Redjang syllabary . Syn. nagia' ha . nj a II. biowa � VB . urine . nlua' disuruh , diperintah; ordered, commanded . 81 nmbin (pass . of mbin q.v. ) dibawa ; nusung diusung, dipikul diatas taken , carried. bahu; shouldered . nodo ' memperlihatkan; to show , to nutea diputar; turned . demonstrate . nu'u' dihimpun , di tumpuk , di susun ; nolot memidjat, mengurut; to massage . stacked in a granary . po i bi � � mi ndas to massage in an upward leum tu 'oa the paddy has been direction , to massage towards the stacked in the granary . heart , to massage the wrong way , to massage incorrectly; � mi mbea ' to massage in the direction of the extremities , to massage away from o the heart in order to expel harmful substances or spirits from the body. obon 1. alis; eyebrow. skolot to massage one another . 2. rabun; blind . Syn . ngolot. bulau � eyebrow; tun 0 bi � that man is blind ; meng � to vilify ; ns ilo pepaja ; a pepaya, a pawpaw . � - � fontanelle. Syn. si lo. obor obor; a torch (of rattan and nsoa di tjari ; sought , looked for . resin , or a bottle with kerosene Syn. tjenara i. fuel) . Syn. blor. nua rendah; low. Ta l ang Nua an odot tembaka u; tobacco (plant and upland Djikalang village in Marga leaf) . mlading � to cut tobacco ; Palik . Syn. temea ', tjekong. mIa' � to dry tobacco ; � Ojang Ant . 1 ekat. native Redjang tobacco , a broad nu 'eu mengangguk, mengiakan ; to leaf variety producing a strong acquiesce , to nod or grunt agree­ and fragrant tobacco . ment . tun mengu 'eu a yes-man . ogoa agas; a midge . Syn. ageus . Syn. nau 'u. oi L ja ; yes . nuko i I. mereka ; they . 2. sambutan pada orang da tang; an nuko i II. sebab; a reason . exclamation to summon a person . nulua' diulurkan; eased (string or okos ongkos , biaja; fare , tariff, rope) , extended , let out . passage money . kisai � smaneui 0 pay the fare of that man . num enam ; six. Syn. siwo . numbu '-numbu ' membudjuk, mengambil olok ulat; an insect , caterpillar . ha ti ; to flatter , to adulate . � dakeup a hairy insect believed nundo' di tjampur; mixed , adulterated. to have ten poisonous hairs (bulau smaneu i) at the back of nunj in disembunjikan; hidden, its head . concealed (pass . of munj in) . olon penjaki t; illness , malady , nunua ' dibunuh; murdered , killed . sickness , disease . � titi ' nupung menunggu kesempa tan atau pneumonia, broncho-pneumonia in mangsa ; to await an opportunity small children; b � sick , unwell; or occasion . Syn. niteui . djano si � kumu? what are you suffering from? nusa ' dirusak; broken . ombong sombong; proud , arrogant . nutang berhutang; to owe a debt . Syn. pangua '. nukua tja'o � to buy on credit, to buy in instalments , hire omong mod. berbi tjara , ngomong; to purchase . speak , talk , converse . 82 omo r umur , usia ; age . padea masak be tul ; well cooked , cooked . meui 0 bi 'V that rice ongoa S. gusi ; gums. is already we ll cooked . ono i-ono i beriringan , beramai- padeum padam; extinguished , put ramai; accompanied by a party . out (a light or fire) . 0' ong tawon ; a bee. 'V - 'V a wasp . pagau langit2, pian ; ceiling . opoa kumparan ; a spindle . pagia' bagian; a part , a portion , opo i api ; a fire , a blaze . a share . ungun 'V, plomon 'V embers. pagun VB . kokoh , kua t; formidable, opong ompong , rompang; chipped , powerful . broken, extracted . epen 'V a pa ing saing, taring; a fang. broken or extracted tooth . Syn. taring. opot ku. 1. bertandang, berpa tjaran; pajea' pa jah; tired , weary . to court , to make love . Syn. I ito', gawea . 2. pa t jar, kekasih; a lover , a sweetheart (female) . pakeup perangkap; a trap . Syn. medija', bemete mod. bungai 'V hibiscus; 'V burung a bird trap ; 'V imeuw a tiger oron-oron ha. berbaris dengan padat, trap . sesak; lined up close together , crowded. Syn. begoro . pakeut I. pangka t, kedudukan ; rank , station , status , position . osong-osong tandu , usungan; a bier, Syn. rang . a stretcher . Syn. akong VB. , tandau. pakeut II. bunga raja ; a variety of flower . Syn. pakeup VB . osor asal ; origin. pakoa atap bamboo; a bamboo roof . oto' otok; brain . pakua pa tjul , tjangkul ; a hoe . otoa dam , empangan; a dam , a low te 'V to move the body in a sit­ wall of stones in a river in order ting position , using the arms as to channel the stream into a fish­ levers . ing trap . pa lai langit2; a ceiling otos ra tus; hundred . s'V a hundred . (in Bermani-Djurukalang rnarga) . Syn. I emen .

pa lat zakar; penis. 'V tego an p erection; bibija 'V, ngus 'V urethra; ulau 'V glans penis. pa aksara ketudjuh dalam abdjad Syn. sea', dj eun ka . , sop ka . , Redjang; the seventh letter in the butua ka . Redjang syllabary . palea ' tangkai pisau , atau parang; pa 'a' deka t, hampir, kurang lebih; a knife handle. near , close , almost. paI eu i lesu , pa jah , tjape ; exhausted , Syn. ki ' o - k '0, pa 'o' , lebija' i fatigued , tired. ku 'ang. pal euw 1. palu; a hammer . pabung perabung; sheet of metal 2. sedjenis ikan sungai; a river joining sloping sides of a roof. fish. pade ' enak , baik; tasty , appetising. pa l ija' tjabang s�r�ng; a subsidiary Syn. ba i '. irrigation canal . Syn. pengal ija'. 83 pal o pa ia ; nutmeg . 2. kandji , tjabui ; lewd , obscene . Syn. ombong . pa lua seiokan , siring; irrigation channel. � sawea ' rice-field panj ang pandjang; long. se � ngeun channel; � biowa a drain , gutter, continuously, non- stop ; libea � ditch ; te � fallen in a ditch. broad and wide , to the full extent , in full. Ant. pendo '. pam ka . ma ti ; dead , passed away

(a term used in anger) • pa ' o separo , sebagian; some . Syn. punea ka . , ma teui, pgeut ka . pa 'o' dekat, hampi r, kurang iebih; pana peianting; catapult. near , close, almost. � - � j 0 Syn. betj i, panea . approximately, round about , nearly; � sapeu i ua ' ma l eum almost mid­ panau panu , kurap; tinea . � besai night . Syn. ke l i 1 i-l i 1 ing jo, large stretches of tinea; � semut ki 'o-ki '0, lebija' ku 'ang . small spots of tinea , usually on Ant. ua '. neck . papa muka ; face , visage , cheeks . panda ' tidak mungkin; impossible, Syn. papea . out of the question. � be le' bilai udjeun it is impossible papak rendah, pendek ; low , short. to return home for it is a monok � a short-legged cock , rainy day . UB. a hermaphroditic fowl . pandia 1. sombong, menondjoikan papea muka ; face , visage , cheeks . diri ; to boast, to show off . Syn. papa . 2. pandir; stupid , dull-witted , papeun papan; a wooden board , a guileless . Tia' � Father plank . Simp leton , a character in a cycle of Redjang legends , who is stupid papeut 1. ra ta , rapat, pada t; but honest, the victim of the smooth , level , even . guile of others , but who , because 2. kepaia rombongan pada wa ktu of his simplicity and honesty , menanam padi ; UB . the pace-setter usually triumphs in the end . or leader in a rice-planting work­ ing bee , or contest. pando i pandai besi ; a smith . Syn. 1. i'is. � besai an ironsmi th; � mas a goldsmith. pasau UB . baskom , pa su ; a basin, a washbasin. Syn . reseng mod. , panea UB. panah, peianting; a cat­ paseuw L. apult . Syn. pana L. , grandi . paseup pengasapan; fumigation , paneus panas; hot , warm , feverish. ritual smoking . pet i � an in­ ateu i � hot tempered ; demeum � cantation for a newly born babe high fever ; bi lai � a fine day , passed over smoke for ritual fine weather ; udjeun � a monkey 's purification and strengthening . wedding, rain accompanied by sun­ shine . paseut pasti , terang, jakin, djeias; clear , certain , definite , paneuw djaian, berdjaian; to go , positive . bito 0 � the news is to walk . � - � to go for a walk . definite . Syn. te 'ang . Syn. midang2, mto, msoa hawa , Ant. kabur. beraja-raja. paseuw baskom , pasu dari kaju; pangoa haiangan , rintangan; an a basin made of a single block obstacle . of wood . Syn. reseng mod. , pangua ' 1. sombong; proud , arrogant , pasau UB. feeling of being superior . pas irea ' see besirea'. 84

paso' paku, pasak ; nail (metal). pato-pato medja darura t di l uar besai � an iron nail. rumah; a temporary bench or table for resting paddy , water bamboos keraba t, famili; friend, pasua ' etc . kith . � keme our friend ; s � kinsmen, relatives . pato ' 1. sepuluh depa persegi ; a measure of ten square depo . pat ampa t; four . � be las fourteen; 2. pantjang; a wooden boundary � I ikua twenty-four ; � pulua' stake or marker. forty; � otos four hundred . pauet menjelisik bulu (ajam) ; to pat se mod. djas berkantjing ampa t; preen (a fighting cock) , to urge a fashionable style of jacket in a dog to attack . 1961-63 with four breast buttons . pa 'ut VB . tabah; resolute , firm , patea ' pepa tah , peribahasa ; a intense. proverb , a saying. Syn . pepatea '. pe' meletakkan , menaruh; to place . pateuet takik, takok; a notch . � ndea notches on a single pole pea ' fihak , sebelah, bagian; side , ladder, serving as foot grips or beside . de � on one side , one­ stairs . sided , partisan . pateuw bagian ketiga dari sebuah pebo kiriman; a gift sent to a sambeui ; the third part of a person indirectly, i.e. by post, sambeui . messenger or a third party .

pat ia' pa tah; broken , fractured . pedak hampir, sudah deka t; almost, � ateui broken-hearted . near . patjang I. pa ntjang; a stake used pedata i pedati , gerobak , a cart. for supporting a vertically stand­ Syn. datai . ing fish trap , such as suwo q. v. pedauet sema tjam denda dalam hukum pa tjang II. (J. patjangan) tjalon; ada t Redjang; a fine in adat law, a candidate , a novice . consisting of a dekajau (approxi­ mately a metre) of white calico , patjea budak, pesuruh, pa tjal; a a goat and 40 rials . The fine is slave , a serf. Syn. budo' . paid to the parents of a woman pa tjeut pa t jet, lintah ; leech . married by semendo temakeup burung � uso giant leech , of green tebang , in order to have one of colour , drops on victim from tree her children 'returned ' or affili­ branches and leaves ; � lilin the ated to their father 's natal ordinary black leech whose habitat lineage . is damp grass and weed ; � litea ' pedea ' tangkai atau gagang beliung; water leech , a buffalo pest. an axe or adze handle . patjo' pandai , mahir, pa tjak; pedeus djahe; ginger . clever, skilful , intelligent . ke � ability, skill, capacity, pedija' ku . kekasih, pa t jar, intelligence . Syn. ma 'er VB. , kesajangan; a sweetheart, a lover . maher L. , patja'. Syn. mete mod. , kundang . patjua pantjuran; a bathing place , pedingin VB . masuk angin; a chill, an outdoor shower made from a a cold , believed to be caused by bamboo pipe . going out to work too early in the morning when mists are still about. pato mimbar pandjang dibalai adat; It is believed this may result in the long platform at the rear end beri-beri, the first symptoms of of a ba leui . 85

of which is a sensation of pins rice , to be a potent remedy for and needles in the feet and legs . fevers. pun � bu' ang the bitter pea-like pedjabeut besan ; an affine , affinal kinsman . se � the mutual rela­ fruit of the � tree which is a tionship between the parents of a highly prized remedy used by man and his wife. medicine men to treat fevers . pegawo penggawa ; a village council­ pedjalau VB. gandjal; a wedge , a peg . lor, an assistant to the village headman . Syn. pemakau VB. pedjedjea basah , kehudjanan; rainy, pege lang pergelangan ; wet . mus im � the wet or rainy a wrist . season (November to March) . pe 'ing bambu be tung; a variety of Semalo Pedjedjea a well-known bamboo , used in house construction ford across the upper Ketaun River for floors and walls . near Topos , a favourite haunt of peka ' tuli , pekak; deaf . water devils. Syn. peko' , sti 'u' . pedjepiet djepi tan kertas; a clip, a paperclip . pekakas perkakas, barang2 ; goOds , chattels, accoutrements . pedjeum memedjam, menutup mata ; to Syn. terkas , keratjo'. close the eyes. te � eyes closed pekaro perkara ; a lawsuit, a legal tight, eyes screwed tight , as a case , an affair . � sawea ' a reaction to a sour taste . dispute involving wet paddy field pedjeun (J. medjen) selesma perut, rights ; � wa ris a dispute con­ perut bo tjor; mucus , intestinal cerning inheritance ; � ma ling a mucus . gu' eum � diarrhoea, dispute arising from elopement . dysentery. peke ha . lambat, terlamba t; slow, pedju'au pendjuru , sudut; corner , retarded , tardy . Syn . lido, deke , direction. I i dor, I udo i . pedu 'i ipar; a man 's wife 's sister's peket petjutan , ikatan , djalinan ; husband , the husbands of two sis­ a lashing of bark or idju' (q . v. J ters or the wives of two brothers. twine . se � a brother-in-law or sister­ peke un pekan; 1. a week . in law related as above . 2. a market, a bazaar . peduka sedih, iba; frustrated . pekeup tutup; a stopper , a cork , Syn. duko idup, peduko . a lid. pe 'el VB. wa tak , sifat, budi , fi 'il , peko nangka ; jackfruit. Syn . beko . kepri badian; nature , character , personality . Syn. budai, pe 'ea L. peko ' pekak , tuli ; deaf . � sti 'u' stone-deaf . Syn . peka ', sti 'u' . pe 'et pahi t; bitter. Ant. mies. pe labai tempa t, kedudukan; a place , pegaten penganten lelaki , mempelai site , location . Syn. pnan, lelaki ; a bridegroom . tapeun, kedukan . Ant. mengenjan . pe l bea ' sore , petang; in the even­ pegau 1. kandung empedu; a gall ing, in the late afternoon . bladder. 2. sedjenis tanaman; a secondary pe lebeui ibu djari , djempol ; a forest tree . thumb . � kekea the big toe ; � bu ' ang a bear 's gall bladder , � tangeun a thumb ; � monok a believed , when mixed with glutinous fowl 's thumb ; � ta I eus main manioc branch . Syn. beui . 86

pe lepis S. p�p� ; the cheek , cheeks . pemedjea ' basah , hudjan ; rainy , Syn . pe lpis. wet . bi lai 'V a rainy day , continuous rain. Syn. dj idjea'. pe lgia' see plegia' peme lang p�r�ng; a dish, a plate . pe l mong sedjenis bambu ; a variety Syn. piringan . of bamboo. bu I uwa ' 'V a great­ grandfather or great-grandmother . pemetung saluran air , talang, terowongan air; a chasm, a water pel pis pipi ; the cheek , cheeks . tunnel. Syn. got mod. Syn. pe I e pis S. penapeut pemberian dari dewa2; pe lsu palsu ; false . Syn. plesu. a gift of the gods . pe lto' mahar, uang lamaran atau penea tali djemuran; a clothes pertunangan ; a customary payment line . of a boy to a girl he is courting in order to inaugurate their penemau ku. pertjobaan, udjian ; betrothal. tjatji 'V the payment a trial of endurance or faith, or gift, enjoined by custom , of a experienced particularly in the young man to his intended bride , course of tapa hermitage seclu­ as a token of their engagement. sion . Syn. tjubo. In 1961 the standard amount was penemban ku. sebutan kuno untuk Rp . 100 ,--. mertua; a polite form of address pe lubua lumbung padi darurat; a for one 's parent-in-law . temporary field granary , a rice pengadeum pemadam; an extinguisher. granary .beneath a pondo ' uma i q. v. 'V kundeui ka 'it an indiarubber Syn . tu'oa. eraser . pe l upua ' pelupuh; a house-building penga i labu ; a pumpkin . material of flattened bamboo boards. Ta lang Pe l upua ' a village pengaj ua ' pengajuh , dajung; an oar. in Suku IX Marga . Syn. penganju'a'. pe lurua ' per tengkaran , perselisihan; pengal ija' VB . anak siring, tjabang a dispute . siring; a subsidiary irrigation canal . 'V sambut an irrigation pe lwit (D. fluit ) peluit; a wh istle . canal which does not lead directly pemaga i tjeri ta ; version, story . from a river or other source , but Syn. pI aga i . is a derivative supply having passed through the wet rice fields pemakau penggawa ; a village council­ of others. Syn. pa l ija' L. lor , an assistant to the village headman . Syn. pegawo . penganj ua ' pengajuh , dajung; an oar , a paddle . Syn. pengaj ua ' L. pematang deretan ; a ridge . Pematang Bal eum a Djikalang pengatj i' geretan , pemantik api ; village in Upper Palik Marga . a cigarette lighter , a tinderbox . pematur mod. pengurus , pengatur; pengaweut 1. seperti kawat, keras; an organiser , a manager. wiry . 2. ikatan beliung d.l.l . dari pembarap wa kil pasirah; deputy clan rotan ; rattan lashing holding an chief , the headman of the village adze head to its handle . in which the clan chief resides . Tuan Bu ' Pengaweut Sir Wiry Hair, pembas maksud, kiasan dari sebuah a warrior in the historical ac­ tjeri ta ; the meaning or moral of count of early Redj ang society in a story. the times of Tia ' Keteko , who was 87

his father . He is also called penjeluang 1. aiat pemadam api ; a Demung Pengaweut. fire extinguisher made of a bunch of forest branches tied together . pengdan djendeia; window . 2. tanaman ketjii dan biasa � bekesno a glass window, a terdapa t di -makam2 ; a variety of window with glass panes. bush usually found in cemeteries . Syn. kemdan, kemedan . penjepeui sapu ; a broom . pengelpai teriupa , pei upa ; forgot­ ten, not remembered , an absent­ penjet terhimpi t; crushed . minded person . Syn. pesek. pengepun keraba t atau saudara dari penjeup mengatur, membereskan ; to djurai (fihakJ ibu; one's maternal arrange , to order , to tidy , to relatives, uterine kinsmen , one's pack . mother 's lineage . penjomoa sedjenis pohon ; a forest Syn . kenepun, kenjangpun, tree , the leaf of which is used penjangpun . as a vegetable. Syn. pnomoa . penge r pinggir, tepi ; edge , bank penjopo VB. pendopo ; a decorative (of river) . � laweut the shore tass Ie of velvet and beads hung of the sea , the sea coast . on the canopy or mosquito net of Syn . bid i ng, i ding, is i a. a bridal bed . pengesep mod. pengisap, pemeras; penjudo kesudahan , penjeiesaian ; an exploiter (of a person or purpose, end , use . Syn. uteup . persons) . penj utjua ' kaju bakar , suiuh; penget i' pemetik; a trigger . a firebrand (usually made of pengeut bekas gi gitan; the mark of kapea bamboo) . a bite. pentj iluet pent juri ketjii ; a petty pengudjung tarup; a temporary thief . pavilion erected for a wedding penudj ung tarup; a small pavilion feast usually by a working bee of for weddings or feasts . the family concerned , its lineage, Syn. tarup, sambija, pengudjung . and sometimes the other lineages in a village . penumang mengeiuarkan mani wa ktu mimpi ; a nocturnal seminal peni 'ia saringan santan; a sieve emission , a wet dream . for making sateun q. V. from grated coconut . pepatea ' pepa tah , peribahasa ; a proverb , a saying. Syn. patea '. penjajo perintah; an order , a command . plon � an instruction, perdjako budjang, djedjaka ; a youth, a directive . an unmarried man , a bachelor . � lai a young man of marriageable penj akuet kaitan , penjangkut; a age ; iman � the code of a bach­ fastener, a flap, a clasp. elor ; � tua i an elderly bachelor . � piseuw a flap for hanging a knife-sheath on a belt. pe ri tea ' perintah; an order , a command . � kundeui radjo a royal penjangpun keraba t atau saudara command , the king 's command , a dari djurai ibu; one 's maternal government order . relatives, one 's mother 's lineage . Syn. pengepun , kenepun . perke iem, perekat; glue . penjedang berunang ketjii; a carry­ pe rtjang burung pertjang; a variety ing basket , especially for paddy of forest bird . at harvesting . Syn. tjendang. 88

pe rtjea tjampur; mixed . peui baru sad ja , bel um lama ; just, Syn. prentja VB. newly , only . keme � teko we have just arrived; � mentj ili' half pesek pesek ; flat-nosed. baked , almost but not quite . Syn. penjet. Ant. matj ung . peus I. perangkap burung; a rattan pese l see peser. bird trap . peser po tlot , pensil; a pencil. peus II . ampas , sepah , kosong, Syn. pese 1. palsu; waste , empty , false (a peset miskin , melarat; poor, report or promise) . Syn. apas . impoverished . tangung � to bear peut 1. nama , gelar; designation , hardship, to bear poverty . name . pes irea ' pasirah; the chief or ' head 2. ben tuk , rupa ; shape , form. of a bang mego , me rgo or ma rga . api �? what is his name? what is he called? ; � dna formerly , in pet pahi t; bitter. Syn. pe 'et. former times . peta peta l map . Syn . ka r. pgen bahan ; material, stuff. petai peti , koper , kotak , tas; pgeum burung pergam; a forest bird . a suitcase, a bag , a portmanteau . � - � luggage , baggage . pgeut ma ti ; dead , passed away (a term used in anger) . pet is VB. 1. saringan; a filter . Syn. pam, punea , ma teui. 2. penutup botol ; a cork , a bung . nget is to filter . Syn. pn i 'is. pi baji perempuan; a female baby , a baby girl. Syn. tj upi . pe tjajo jakin, pertjaja ; believe , to be convinced. Syn. jakin. pial ing burung pialing; a bird . pe tjeng buta sebelah; to be blind piawang 1. pawang, dukun; a person in one eye . skilled in treating sick persons with herbal remedies and sometimes petjua ' petjahan; a fragment , some­ by magical means . thing broken from a whole. 2. bidan , dukun baji ; a village pe trek mod. memotret, mengambil midwife . fo to ; to photograph . 3. tukang; a craftsman , a special­ ist. petu'ea' petuah, nasihat; advice , council. pidi ' kena sasaran ; the bullseye , hit the target. bi � ma ' sudneu petulai sa udara , saudara lelaki ; in pursuing his purpose he has hit a brother . Djang Pat Petulai the the bullseye ; smaneu i a � ni 'eun four Redjang brothers , the original that man is an excellent shot. ancestors of the Redjang people, the four brothers who first came pigai pari t; 1. defensive earthworks , to settle Redjang country , hailing consisting of mounds and moa ts, from Java. It is the popular term which were built around all Redjang for Redjang society in its entirety, villages until the mid-nineteenth expressing its simultaneously century . decentralised but united character . 2. a deep furrow dug round fields to keep out wild pig, deer and pe 'u' gia t, hidup, ramai , sibuk; other agricultural pests . lively , active , bu sy. kedjai 0 gi dong � the kedj ai is pi ' ija' masam; sour, acid . still lively. 89 pijanggang wa lang sangi t, belalang pinoa selera ; taste , fashion . jang merusak padi ; a paddy stalk­ borer . Syn. tenangeuw. piowa balung ajam; a cockscomb . � tlau a three-tiered cockscomb . pijet burung pipi t; a paddy bird , similar to a sparrow . � pinang piringan piring; a dish, a plate . � sawea ' a wet rice-field terrace a robin redbreast; � tj i 'it a or saucer . Syn. peme lang (sawea '). reddish �; � ulau put ija' a white­ headed �. pisai pembajaran; payment . � utang the payment of a debt , in pijo disini ; here , hither . cash, kind or labour . teko �! come here ! pisang pisang; banana. pijun mada t, tjandu ; opium. � radjo mbu :n Ambon banana; Syn. tj andau. � genureng fried banana ; pijung burung kakatua ; a parrot . � nso ' boiled or cooked banana; � tenganjo' a wild , forest plan­ pijut pi ut; a great-grandchild. tain; � ko inedible plantain. pijutang pi u tang; a creditor. Other varieties : � mas, � uko, � batau. pi lin pi uh; wring, mangle . Syn. piuwa ' . piseuw pi sau; a knife . � si let a razor blade (E. gilette [Trade­ pi lor peluru; a bullet. mark]) . se 'ong � a knife sheath; pingan pi ring, pinggan; plate , dish. pa lea ' � a knife handle . pingang pinggang; back . pitat pa rang; a farmer 's long bu 'ea' � the kidneys . bush-knife . pingija kumparan , pemintal ; pi ties pi tjis, uang Redjang dahulu; a spindle. a unit of money in olden Redjang society . pinging pantat, punggung; buttocks, bottom , rump . Syn. tjaka'. pito' bumi , tanah; earth , soil, ground . � Modjopaj it a sacred pingiran pangeran; a title of site in Topos , Lebong, believed honour bestowed on a pes irea ' q. v. to be the place where princes of prior to 1942, after many years of the Javanese empire first settled loyal service . when they carne to Redjang country ; pingoa alat mengasah dan membetulkan � tekuj ung an ant hill. gergadji ; a tool to set a saw's Syn. pi ta '. teeth . Syn. kuwo' . pi tor mod. kontrolir , bupati ; pinjeum gotong rojong; a co-operative controller , regent , district work party , based on the principle officer. Syn. kontol ijor. of borrowed labour to be recipro­ piuwa ' piuh; wring, mangle . cated at some other time . Syn. pi 1 in. Syn. menjajo, pmo . plagai 1. tjeri ta ; account , story , pinjung segi , sudut sesuatu benda ; version . the corner (of an object) . 2. ilmu budjang atau gadis; love pino anak; a child . magic . � kaweun titi ' ku. a small boy or plajua' arah , tudjuan; direction , girl , aged between four and six purpose, destination . tjoa years ; � kaweun lai a boy or nameun � he does not know where girl at puberty. he is going, he has no sense of direction. 90 plak barang djemuran ; things placed plon perintah; an order , a command . out to dry. � penjajo an instruction , a directive . plambang persemaian; a seedbed . � baja a paddy-field seedbed . plongo ' hari pertama dari bulan Syn. klambang L. (penanggalan) ; the first day of a lunar month . muloi � sebanjo' plan pelan , lamba t, perlahan ; slow , the first day of the lunar month , late . � - � slowly, tardily , the day after a night in which cautiously . according to Redj ang mythology plangai pelangi ; a slindang shawl the moon and earth met (petemuan used to cover the ends of a spi ran bu l eun) . It is believed that if in order to conceal the wooden there is rain that night a rainy uprights . month will ensue . plas pohon pelas; a forest climber pl ua' I. peluh , keringat; sweat , (Vitia elegana) , the root of perspiration . which is used for medicinal pur­ kemluea eteng � 1. the fruit of poses. Pematang Plas a hill and one 's brow . ta l ang near Tapus. 2. the custom of paying remuner­ ation , usually in the form of a plat bekas, djedjak; a footmark , buffalo , for the labour of a a track . carpenter who builds a house . plawa i pahon kelawai; a genus of plua' II . rombongan kerdja paksa , forest tree (Terminalia app. ). rodi ; a work gang . plegia' peda s; spicy , hot (food or ·pluweng pagi ; morning, early medicine) . Syn. pe lgia' . morning . plemen kotoran jang masuk mata ; pmalau kemaluan; genitals. dirt or foreign body in the eye . pmo gotong rojong; a limited work­ pleseu i ampaian kain pengantin ing party composed mostly of dalam rumah; a spi ran decorated closely related relatives. with new batik or songket cloths � titi ' a still smaller co­ for a wedding. operative work party of less than plesu palsu; false , untrue , ersatz . 15 people; iso si � neu it is not his right . pleui pemberi an; a gift of property, Syn . menjajo, pinjeum. either land , livestock or jewellery to a child , frequently given at its pnai tempa t sadjian diladang atau marriage , a gift . disawah; an agricultural shrine , a field shrine . ulau the pl iaro memel ihara ; care for , look � after . Syn. liaro. pinacle or apex of a field shrine. pnan tempa t, wisma ; place , location , pl in 1. penipu ; a cheat , an under­ hand person. site . � amau a sawmill. Syn. pe labai, kakea, tapeun, 2. berunding; to negotiate , to bargain. kedukan .

pnar . kabur, samar2 , tidak menentu; plo' X. mod. kebun , kebun ketjil; a small garden . Syn. kebun . without purpose , without clear destination . Syn. muno . ploi petjah , belah; broken (crockery) . Sy n. plai. pnea tali djemuran ; a clothes line . � buluwa ' a bamboo clothes line ; plomon bara api ; ember , embers . � beus a rattan clothes line . � opoi fire embers . Syn. ungun . 91 pn igo bi lik, ruang, kamar; a room , ture ; � ta lang a tal ang house ; the front room of a house. � uma i a ladang hut . � donok the front room , the pono i burung punai ; a bird . first room ; � daseui the back mata i � a basket-weaving design . room , the family room , the dining room ; � leum a bedroom , a bed­ po 'ong I. pakis, paku2-an, a fern . chamber . � gadjea ' elephant fern ; � opot a variety of fern ; � tiang a tree pn i'is saringan ; a sieve . fern , the hard outer bark of wh ich Syn. pet is. is used as a house pillar . pnjutjua ' penjuluh, kaju pembakar; po ' ong II. be � rnendengkur; to a bundle of firebrand bamboo snore . sticks . porat (D. voorraad) persediaan , pnomoa sedjenis pohon ; a forest pokok , modal ; capital , means , tree , the leaf of which is used stock . sawea 'ku tjoa ibea � as a vegetable. 1 ku ' ang my paddy field is not Syn. penjomoa L. large for I lack capital . pnua ' penuh; full. posok pusat; navel, umbilicus . pnum ku. bingki san; a parcel , food ti lai � umbilical cord . cooked in a leaf wrapping. potong mod. potongan , model , gaja; podoa tumpul ; blunt . cut , style, fashion . � bela Syn. pu 'au, topoa . lepang a Redjang architectural style imported from the Musi pogoa terus menerus ; continuous, country around Palembang; � Djang uninterrupted . the traditional Redjang adat poi pa di ; paddy . � pulut a variety house , resembling the Batak Pak­ of glutinous rice ; � tje'eui a pak and the Pasemah adat houses; variety of rice the grains of which � umea ' lemo a downstream Mu si fall easily apart when boiled . architectural style ; � dua i smangeut � the spirit of paddy , a pangung a house style with two Redjang deity ; � djanggut tass led stories, the ground floor being or bearded paddy ; � be ' eum black intended for a shop or store ; paddy . Syn. pa i. � gedung a modern building style, in which the floor is of concrete polowidjo palawidja , tanaman sela; and the walls of cement plastered secondary crops such as maize, bamboo laths . cassava , beans and groundnuts, planted after the main rice crop prabau kerabu , anting; short ear­ has been harvested . ring. � atum plastic earrings . Syn. ramban , taneum, u'ai . prapat perampa t; a fourth , a quar­ pon kempunan; an injurious super­ ter , cross-roads . se � a fourth natural consequence of declining or quarter part . food , drink or cigarettes at a prentja UB . tjampur; mixed . host 's or friend 's home ; � some­ � lapeun a mixed savoury . times results in a tiger attack . � taleuw the firm refusal of a pritj iet sedjenis burung pipi t; girl to respond to a would-be a bird of the sparrow or finch suitor 's advances . genus . pondok pondok; a field hut , a field proat in kepala kampung, lurah; the house . � betano a sugar refinery, administrative term used formerly a hut used for aren sugar manufac- for a village headman , in the 92

Bencoolen residency. The Redjang ptjo azimat, djima t; a talisman . terms are ginde L.M. , depatai VB ., Syn. ktja. and ke rio Redjang Rawas . pton musim bekerdja disawah atau psako pusaka ; an heirloom , inherited di ladang; the paddy season. property , sacred or mundane prop­ � di 'eun the durian season . erty inherited from one 's ancestors, ptong ba tas; border, edge , line and generally regarded as inalien­ marker, boundary. � dal eun the able. border or line marker of a path pseun pesan, amana t; a message , a in a rice field. council (imp. of mseun) remind , ptu'i permainan djudi Tionghoa ; pass on a message . a Chinese card game . psong 1. ingus, lendir; mucus, snot . ptup lubang; a hole . � menjea ' 2. tutup botol , prop; a bottle urethra; � skumbang a hornet 's stopper , a cork , a bung . nest . pta petai ; a tree , the large pods pu bIas ama i djam empa t sore; of which are eaten both raw and four p.m. cooked . Syn. ptea. pu ' � tangeun kobokan , tempa t ptas amben, randjang kaju; a couch , mentjutji tangan; a fingerbowl . a bed , a stretcher. � besai an iron bedstead , usually with a pua udjung ladang, tepi tegalan; superstructure of iron bars the edge or perimeter of a field. intended as a framework for a puan susu, susu kaleng; milk, canopy or mosquito net; � tun processed or in a tin . mateui a bier (syn. pengosong tun mateui). pu 'au tumpul ; blunt . Syn. podoa, topoa . pte ' berhias; to dress, to decorate . Syn. rias . pudau tempa t perhentian dihutan; a resting place , often a bench in ptea petai; a tree , the large pods a glade at a point midway between of which are eaten raw and cooked . distant tal ang2 or villages . If Syn. pta. in a well-traversed path , there pteu i ti tian; a bridge co nsisting are two benche s, one for men and of a single tree trunk , bamboo the other for women . pole or plank . pudj ai pudji ; praise , laud , extoll . pteus singka t, memotong; brief, upeut � vilify and praise, go ssip , short. daleun � a short cut . implying a person who is not trustworthy . pt ija lebat, heba t; heavy , hard , deafening. udjeun � heavy rain , pudj ua ' dodol ; a sweetmeat of rice, a rainstorm . Syn. bt ija. flour and sugar . � lai � for feasts; � buluwa ' � cooked in ptjai bersih; clean , pure , unpol­ bamboo ; � Djang Redjang sweet­ luted . tangeun � the right hand meats . (in contrast to the left hand , which is ritually impure and pu 'ea puar; a forest shrub , pro­ hygienically unclean) . Ant. ngeu i . ducing a sour fruit. � lekat, � lako, � butau varieties of the ptje kain basahan; a bathing cloth, � plant . a wa istcloth or loincloth for bathing. puen pohon , ba ta ng; a tree . Syn. pun . ptjer VB. sebangsa ikan; a paddy­ field fish. pu ' eus puas; satisfied, sated . 93 pujang nenek mojang; great­ pumeun kelamin; sex . grandfather , great-grandmother . gen � tun titi' 07 what is the child 's sex? Is it a boy ar a puj ua ' burung pujuh; a quail. girl? � 1 imai a cock whose peculiarity is to brood on eggs . � uteun pun pohon ; a tree . Syn. puen . a jungle quail . punea punah , ma ti ; dead , passed puke ' puka t; a large fishing net . away (a term used in anger) . Syn. pam, ma teui, pgeut . pUkeng 1. ajam tanpa bulu; a fowl without feathers , a featherless punggu' buki t ketjil; a low hill . species of domestic fowl . Punggu ' Aleui the name of a 2. bangkrut; bankrupt . coffee garden tal ang region near Topos . pukeuw pukau; hypnotised , put to sleep by magical means (the work pungu ' burung hantu; an owl of a thief in order to disarm his (Bubo sumatranus). intended victim) . pungua batang kaju jang ma ti ; puko tuan rumah; the owner or giver a dead tree trunk . of a feast or ritual occasion (in pungung punggung; back . contrast to the guests and those whose function it is to do the punj ung 1. puntjak; apex, zenith , main work , i.e. the stamang q. v . a point , a peak . group) . 2. nasi pundjung; a specially prepared dish with rice moulded pukut sedjenis pohon ; a forest tree, in a cone on which is placed a its bark is used for barkcloth cooked chicken 's leg or part of manufacture , and twisted , for the leg of a goat , wh ich serves manufacturing of fishing lines . as a customary mark of respect or pu leui pahon pulai ; a variety of humility , equated with a customary forest tree . fine of 4 rials. � tebo the summit of a mountain; pu l euw pulau; an island . � sawo a customary dish of honour pu lija' pulih, kembali ; back again, and humility , consisting of a returned . peket � a slipknot . cylindrical cone of glutinous rice with a circular 'stamp ' of reddish pulua 1. isi batang kaju; waste , grated coconut and palm sugar . soft pith of a tree . 2. demam; unwell, sick (small pupung lingkaran ; a circle . children) . Syn. ta 'ang. sakub � a round trip , a circular usu' � rotted tree pith ; journey ; serbo � the customary awo 'neu � he is poorly, he is fine of 12 rials paid by a couple unwell (said of children only) . who are descended from the same great-grandparents , before they pu lua' sepuluh; ten , mu ltiple of may marry . In a generalised sense tens. de � ten; pat � forty . this refers too to the customary pu l ung gUlungan; a reel . fines paid to make possible and to kewea � the reel of a fishing legalise (in adat law) marriages rod . between persons descended from the same great-great-grandparents and pulut 1. ke tan; a variety of rice from the same grandparents . wh ich becomes glutinous when Syn. gelung . cooked . 2. getah; latex. pus orang kaja jang dja tuh miskin; blas � glutinous rice ; po i � a wealthy person who has lost his paddy of glutinous variety . fortune and remains poor . � ganus bankrupt , left high and dry . 94 pusea burung hutan; a forest bird . are considered to belong to both their father 's and mother 's putea berpu tar; to turn . lineages. put ija' pu tih; white . � tnoa ragau ragu ; doubtful , dubious , in white of egg , albumen; ka in � doubt . � - � to be in doubt , to calico ; kan � a river fish , doubt ; ke � suspect, to be sus­ wh ich when fully grown is called picious of . smea . Syn. blateun . raja-raja be � berdjalan-djalan; puting puntung; a stub , a stump , to stroll, to go for a walk . an end . � bl iung a whirlwind ; Syn. paneuw2 , mto2 , midang2, � roko ' a cigarette end . msoa hawa . putjeut putjat; pale , wan . ram 1. pembi dangan ; an embroidery putung ka ju api , kaju bakar; frame . firewood . 2. kisi 2 angin pada djendela kaju; the louvres of a wooden shutter. puweng UB . pagi ; morning, early morning. � kabu ' early in the ramas mod. tidak perduli, masa morning, before dawn . bodoh ; indifferent . Syn. pluweng. ramban sedjeni s sajur , sajur ma jur; a plant the leaves of which are used as a vegetable. R rami ramai ; noisy . kedjai di � the kedjai was lively . Syn. amai. ra aksara keempa tbelas dalam abdjad rando randa , balu, djanda ; a widow, Redjang; the fourteenth letter in a widower , a divorcee . the Redjang syllabary. Syn. me rando . rabau rabu , paru2; lungs (diseased rang I. bunji derang; an onomato­ lungs cause the illness known as poeic word to represent the sound mengi ', which is believed to have of a falling object. its origin in childhood , and is exacerbated by consuming too much rang II. pangka t, djabatan; rank . sugar) . Syn. lapung. Syn. pakeut.

rabun rabun , tidak awas; half blind, rangan I. tjanang; a drum or tom­ failing eyesight . Syn. suta i , obon . torn used by a village herald when making announcement or to rouse radj in radjin; diligent, hard­ villagers to action . working. Syn. tjoa ma l as, ke leua pekerdjo. rangan II. larangan; trespassing , trespass . radjo ra dja ; a king, a chief, a Mbea ' mnea � tun do not trespass village headman . adat � the the rights of others . customary law of government, the art and rules of government; ranj ing masuk; wedged , firmly setja'o �-� arbitrarily, freely, fixed in a vice . to do as one likes; semendo � - � rapas rampas!; seize l a form of marriage contract me � to cut weeds ; ne � to imported from the Malays, in which seize , to take by force . the spouses are not bound to resi­ Syn. napeus . dence or affiliation to either the groom 's or the bride 's parents. rapat mod. rapa t; 1. a meeting, They are free to determine where a session . they will live , and their children 2. adjacent, tightly fitted , side by side. Syn. apeut . 95

rasang bau jang keras dan menusuk; rengam priha tin , wa s2; anxious , a strong or acrid smell, a stink . worried . Syn. renjeng, dungu ', raseun see aseun . me renung . renjeng bingung, wa s2 , prihatin; ratau ra tu, radja; a king, a ruler. Syn. radjo. upset , anxious , worr ied . Syn. dungu ', rengam, me renung . ra tib berzikir; to sing praises to Allah . Syn. bedeker. rep i a' rupiah; a rupiah . de � one rupiah . rat ing ranting; a branch , a twig. Syn. at ing. rep i 'e Etym. Lembak 1. pahi t; bitter (in the language of redjung ratjea rantjangan, konsep; a plan , songs) . a concept , a draft . 2. buah jang pahi t; a tree with a bitter fruit. ra to ra ta ; level. Syn. datea . res korek api , geretan; matches, ratoi rantai ; a chain . � mas safety matches . a gold chain . reseng baskom; a washbasin, usually rau pohon tjemara ; a pine tree , of enamelware . Syn . pasau, paseuw. any conifer . res ijo rahasia; secret . rau 'uwa ' peramah, bersahabat; friendly, hospitable . rete ' gen tar , gemetar; to shake , to quiver . Syn . kemeteua, lete'. rebana rebana , genderang; drum or tambourine used in deker. retes merintis; cut a forest path , to cut or hack a footpath in the redjong berpantun , bersjair; to jungle. sing a courtship or love song in the traditional couplet or quat­ rias berhias; to dress, to decorate. rain form , e.g. be � to groom oneself, to get Tot tukis tjekring pogor dressed . Syn. pte'. Be le' mu loi lebeut dawe un rigang sembuh; recovered , well Tam tum temdjun tpo (after an illness) . Syn . ka 'eun . Mengatjap gl ibeut bakea baking rijea mata uang rial ; a rial , money redj ung biduk; a bark , a canoe . 1. (formerly the equivalent of two 2. redjong; Syn. of redjong . Dutch guilders) . redu ' au laron ; a flying ant , flying riki elok , tjantik, tjakap , baik, ants. Syn. du 'au, dedaron lit. bagus; beautiful , fine , excellent . rege ' ha . saki t, saki t waktu Syn. tjalak, ba 'eus , aleup . melahirkan; ill, unwell, to be rikok be � bengkok , tidak lurus ; in labour , to have labour pains. bent , crooked . regen harmonika ; a harmonica , a rim tenang, diam, sunji , senjap ; mouth organ . quiet , silent . � bakim dead reges tak berdaun , tak berbulu , quiet . gundul; dried or withered tree rimbe alat penebas, rimbe ; a large leaves , a fowl that has lost all weeding implement, larger than a its feathers. skwiet . remas ku. emas ; gold . Syn. mas . rimis setengah sen , sepeser; a half remiding pakis merah; a reddish cent . Syn. mener. fern. rindo renda ; lace . 96

ringgiet ringgi t, dua setengah rrajo hari ra ya ; a festival , a rupiah; a Malay dollar , a silver feast, a holiday (such as two 2� guilders coin in the Dutch days before Ramadhan , and on the East Indies . first of Sawal). ringit S. be � lagu , berlagu , rsoa sa tu, tunggal ; one , single . menjanji ; sing, to sing . Syn. so. ringo-ringo ta ndu , usungan ; a bier. rto' I. djantung pisang; a banana heart, an important ingredient of ripung pa tah; broken, severed . many lapeun . Syn. leto' . risau 1. musuh; an enemy , a fiend . rto' II . retak; cracked but still 2. pent juri , ma ling; a thief. usable . ritjong mod. arit, sabi t; a sickle. rua ' roh ; a spirit, the spirit. ritok perselisihan; a quarrel , a patija' � broken spirited . tiff. rubo pemberia n, hadiah; the gift roajat riwajat; chronicle, history. given personally by donor to recipient (ct. pebo) . rodoes pedang setiabu; a long sword with a wide end . ruda i malang; unfortunate , unlucky, ill-starred . Syn . udai . rogo ' sekelompok keluarga ; a lin­ eage , a descent group . rudju' rudjuk; reconciliation . Syn. rojot, tumbang, dj u'eui . ruga i rugi ; loss (in trade) . roj ot 1. keturunan , pihak ajah; labo � profit and loss. kelompok kerabat patrilineal; ruh hantu , ruh; a spirit . a lineage , a patrilineage , agnatic Syn. atau, ibl is, dj in, semad, kinsmen . sitan . 2. keluarga pihak tuan rumah dalam sebuah pesta perkawinan atau sunat ruman rupa , bentuk; form, shape . rasul ; the household of host 's Syn. uleus, rupo , di 'eus . party at a wedding feast or cir­ rumat djasa berupa uang atau barang cumc ision. pada seorang dukun; payment in Roj ot nama sa lah satu dari keempat kind made to a dukun who has help­ keturunan Topos; the name of one ed a patient to recover from an of the four patrilineages of Topos. illness. It takes the form of rice , a fowl or a piece of venison roko' rokok ; tobacco , cigarette . when the former patient has had be � smoke (tobacco) . Syn. odot . luck in the hunt . ro l D. ,mod. mi star, gari san; a ruler rumbes sobek , kojak; frayed at the (for measuring) . edges . Syn. rut ing. ros ku . terus; straight through , rung I. suara barang djatuh; the straight on. sound of a falling object. rraib Ar. ga ib; a magical , or mys­ rung II . kata panggilan seperti terious presence of a deceased bung, dik, sa udara dlsb.; a term ancestor or culture hero . of address used by young lovers, rraje lit. djalan2 masuk rimba ; to friend, fellow , lass . enter a forest. � - � ma suk ka ru 'o buih, tak berarti ; froth , rimbe (a verse from a geritan) . empty talk , nonsense . Syn. mt02 masu' imbo . 97

rupo bentuk, rupa ; shape , form. sadeui dusun , kampung; a village . Syn . uleus, ruman, luneus. � an the old or older part of a village; � blau the new or newer rus ia see rus io part of a village; � nateut the rus io achlak, sifat, wa tak, village square, (symbolic :) the kepri badian ; character , con­ village community; m � to go science , disposition, nature . home , to return to one's native Syn. sanubri, sipeut, rusia. village and hearth, to visit a person in his or her home . ruso rusa ; a deer . Syn. uso. sadjai maksud, tudjuan; intention, rusua ' rusuh , ribut, gelisah; purpose . disturbed , unsafe . sadoi kepajahan , pingsan ; tidak rut ing sobek dibagian udjung; sadar; comatose , motionless , frayed at the edges. Syn. rumbes . unconscious . rutj ing runtjing, tertudju; sharp, sa ' eu i bunji , suara ; a sound , noise . pointed . Syn. lutju' . sa 'eup kotoran , sampah, ampa s; refuse , dirt. � gu ' eum a mouth and lip infection, common among s infants . sa 'eut muatan bera t; a heavy load , sa aksara ketiga belas dalam abdjad heavily-laden. Redjang; the thirteenth letter in the Redjang syllabary . saga i saga; (Abrus preoatorius) a forest shrub , the fruit of which sa 'a' see sa 'o' . is small and red , and is used as sa ' ang 1. sarang; a nest, a den . measure of weight for gold . 2. sedjenis ikan; a river fish. sagau sagu ; flour . � baje milled � lando ' (literally , a hedgehog 's corn or cereal (other than rice) ; nest) an inset/cavern for the � mba i sago flour ; � uba i kijeuw corpse on the Mecca-facing side of cassava flour . a Redjang grave . sa hang lada , meri tja; pepper. sabea kasar, kurang halus; coarse, Syn. ladai. rough , uncouth, unrefined . Syn. agea. sai poko ' � one of the nine basic Redjang kedura i; tilai � pull­ sabea sabil; a sabre . perang � strings in rice fields intended a war fought without firearms . to scare away birds , pigs and sabeun takut; afraid , frightened , other pests . fearful . timang � a lullaby to sa ing beliung ketjil; a small adze . calm a crying child . Syn. tjoa binai. saja' M. see sajo '. sabit arit, sabi t; a sickle. sajo' 1. tengkorak; skull . 2. kulit buah2-an; shell of a sabo ' kabut, suram; misty , cloudy , fruit or vegetable . � niowa clouded . coconut shell; � kenikis a 'scalp ' sabun penjaki t sipilis, radja singa ; of coconut shell, used as a tem­ syphilis, a venereal disease porary cup by farmers when working which causes sterility . in the fields or plantations . Syn. saja'. sada i see sadoi 98

saj uep 1. setelah; when , after . sambeu i njanJ�an; the songs sung 2. sesajup , sekedjap ; short in menjambeui q.v. length , short measure. samb i j a tambahan; a pavilion smaller Syn. tjepuet . than a pengudjung q.v. , an sakea I. pendjerat sapi atau kuda ; addition . Syn. pengudjung, tarup. a lassoo . samlela sawo manila; a fruit . sakea II. belukar jang baru di garap ; Syn. sawo menilo. secondary forest that has been sana ' see sana ' cleared but not yet burned . sando memborgkan, menggadaikan , sakin s � pasangan, sepasang; mendjandjikan; to pawn , to pledge . a pair. sema ndo to pledge or pawn a sako sangkar; a nest, a roost. person (in peonage) . senando � monok a hen 's laying place , pledged or pawned (in peonage) . usually made of an old basket saneui dari , dari pada ; from , than. or half a wasp 's nest. paneus � opoi heat from fire . saktai sakti ; holy, magical , power . Syn. kundeui. Syn. s i da i, tj ida i . saneut apak, bau busuk, tengik; salai puputan; bellows . umea ' � fusty , stale , tasteless . a smithy ; Biowa Sa lai a river Syn. apa ' mod. , teng i ' . region of L. Tandoi . sang ku. dia , sang, itu; he , she , sa lam mod. Ar. salam; a greeting, it. goodbye , hello . sangapung VB. ikatan pada kaki salea ' salah, tidak benar; incorrect , binatang; a stay or weight mistaken , wrong. � kembu ' indi­ attached to the leg of an animal gestion ; � pemaneuw to take the to prevent its running away . wrong road ; � pematai to peep Syn. siapung . indiscreetly, a stolen glance ; sangau sangu , bekal ; a gift or � penangeun to have one 's hands provisions for the way , a gift in an improper gesture or improper (of food) to take away . place; � ma tjo a misunderstanding; � pengasai imaginary , fantasy . sangen sedikit, agak; a little , rather. � dau rather much ; saleui (imp. of menjaleui) sa lai ; � ku ' ang a little less, a trifle smoke (food) . short . sal i-aloi selamat; hoorah , a shout sang ien prihatin , wa s2 , chawatir; of joy issued by guests and kinsmen anxious, worried . Syn. renjeng . when a marriage has been formally contracted. sana ' keluarga , keturunan , keraba t, famili ; relative , kinsmen or kins­ sama i sambil , selama ; whilst, at the woman , a related person . same time as . temot � mengatjap ad i' � one 's brothers and sis­ to sit whilst running (a riddle , ters , (general) one 's blood kins­ answer is a motor car) . men , relatives; nge � kinsmen , sambang mangkuk dari bambu ; a cup a polite term of address to a made of bamboo . person whose name is not known cf. wa rang . sambea sambal ; sambal, Indonesian curry sauce made of chillies and sanubri mod. angan2 , suara ha ti , other spices. bisikan ha ti , sanubari ; con­ butau � a mortar . science , character , nature . Syn . rus i a, 5 i peut . 99

sa 'o' pisah, sarak, tjerai; to Saweui Serawai; Serawai (neighbours divorce , Islamic divorce law. of the Redj ang , a Malay derived Ant. rudju' . people living to the southwest of Redjang Country) . sapai lembu , sapi ; cow , cattle. baso � the Serawai language ; � smaneui bull , steer ; � beui tun � the Serawai people , a cow, heifer ; ano ' � calf. Serawai person. sapeu i hingga , sampai ; to , till, sawo nasi ketan dengan kelapa until. tjampur gula aren ; a ritual dish sapeut sedjenis pohon ; a variety of cooked glutinous rice served of tree , the leaves of which are with shredded coconut cooked in used for wrapping food . aren sugar . � beku 'ea' the same , served with sauce , usually at a sare menderi ta , sengsara ; miserable , pinjeum or other col lective work poor , suffering. Syn. saro. party for planting, harvesting or sa riet mendjauhkan iblis-iblis, house building; � bunga i a dry sare'at; a casting away of evil preparation of above . spirits, an exorcism of evil sea ' sedjak , semendjak , berangka t; spirits and influences, the since , from , depart. � kundeui deflection of harmful spells. dijo departing from here . saro sengsara , menderi ta ; miserable , sea ' zakar; penis . poor , poverty-stricken . Syn . butua , pa lat, djen. Syn. sare, ber ipiet. se 'ap da lam, badjir; deep, flooded . sat za t; essence . Syn. leum . Ant . aseut . sateun santan; coconut sauce made sebab sebab; because , for , since , of grated and crushed coconut a reason . djano �? what is the soaked in water and sieved , a reason? ; gen �? why? a basic ingredient for the cooking of most lapeun . sebambangan UB . sia-sia, serampangan ; in vain . bekenea satu' sempurna , puas; excellent , tjoa neke r kilea' idjai ke rdjo perfect, unrivalled . � mbu ' biowa o � to do something without kawo to drink excellent coffee . thinking it over beforehand is Syn. sempu rno. to do that thing in vain. sawab dukun , orang jang memanggil Syn. kebambangan , ge latjau. roh dengan membakar kemenjan ; sebeda ' see sebedo ' a shaman or folk doctor who invokes spirits . sebedo ' ikan tanah; a species of tukang � a dukun who burns incense fish . Syn. sebeda '. and invokes spirits . sebekau lebi h dari tiga , banjak; sawang berdekatan , berdampingan ; more than three , many . adj acent , ad joining . � t 1 au pema 1 a i sebekoa kerang besar, tiram besar; a calamity , a disaster ; aseun �, an oyster . Syn. ke lbu'i. ketje' � unanimity, complete agree­ ment ; umea ' � two adjacent ad joining sebeto' gondok; a goitre , believed houses . Syn. sakup. to be caused by drinking unboiled water from mountain streams . sawea ' sawah; wet paddy field. pi ringan � a paddy- field terrace . sebeui nenek; a grandmother. � buku ' the man in the moon ; saweui burung sawai , anting2 ; a bird � dukut a variety of weed ; {Disseniurus paradisus Ma layensis}. 100

� mang a forest tree ; sedj anj it sedjenis rumput ; a Sebeui lebong the heroine of the species of weed. Ki Karang Nio historical saga . varieties of �: � 1 a 1 euw, � kun ing. seblas sebelas; eleven . segadis ipar muda perempuan; term sebong djantan; a bull, the male of of appellation by a woman for her the species among animals, a steer. husband 's younger sister . sebubua sedjenis ikan; a river fish. Ant. sebudjang . Syn. mekus . sega i segi ; an angle , a corner . sebubu 'teui kumbang tahi ; an insect segan segan , tidak suka , ma las; whose chief characteristic is a reluctant , lazy , unwilling, predilection for sitting and feed­ indolent . Syn . senj injai . ing on dung . Syn. sebu 'uteui , semiang. segelego sedjeni s akar rumput ; a thorny root used as a medicinal sebudjang ipar muda lelaki ; term of cure for boils , carbuncles and appellation by a woman for her other eruptions. husband 's younger brother. Ant. segadis. segi 'et sobek , kokak; a tear (in cloth) . sebutai sedjenis lebah, tawon ; a wasp-like insect , which is called segirai be � sungguh2 , sebenarnja; kaweui by night. During the day truly , verily . it remains in its nest, emer ging sego I. berat, banjak ; heavy , only at night . It stings with its severe , much , many . beus � a tail. Syn. kaweu i. variety of rattan ; sakit � the sebu 'uteui UB. kurnbang tahi ; an last stage of an illness prior to insect whose chief characteristic death. Syn. dau, be 'a'. is a predilection for sitting and sego II. surga ; heaven . feeding on dung. Syn. sebubu 'teui, semiang . se' i buluwa ' � sema tjam buluh; a variety of bamboo . sedaro saudara ; a brother, a sib­ ling. be � siblings , brothers , sek ternbakau sek; shag (tobacco) . fraternal . sekadj in sebanjak; as many . sedau S. sedu; hiccough . Syn . sado . be �, te � to have hiccoughs; sekeda i sedjenis turnbuhan dihutan ; ke � belch . a tree of the primary forest. sedawo mesi u; ammunition . Syn. sekedeu i . Syn. mes i au. sekedeui sedjenis turnbuhan dihutan; sed eng pantangan; a taboo . a tree of the primary forest, its leaves used in the Redjang pharma­ sedeum serdam; an end-flute , a copoeia. bungai � flower of the traditional Redjang musical above , growing from its roots instrument . (Rafflesia arnoldi) . sed ijo 1. persediaan; a reserve , Syn. sekeda i L. a supply. sekedj ut sikedjut (tanaman); a weed 2. sedia , siap; prepared , ready . the leaves of which retract and seding sedih, saju; sad , melancholy. curl up on being touched . sed i ngeun berduka tjita ; bereaved , sekelajau sebentar , sernentara ; sad, in mourning. momentarily, for a short while. t i dua � forty winks , to take a. nap . 101

sekemo ' tukar menukar; in exchange . se lpea ' I. sumpah; an oath . � menjengemo ' to exchange one 's sel pea ' II . kotak dengan hiasan sons , so that they become the emas atau perak jang dipakai other 's son-in-law. dalam upa tjara adat; an ornate Syn. be l ibeui . tin or basket , with gold or sil­ sekep elang; eagle . Sy n. lang. ver decorations on the lid, used on important ritual occasions , seki 'ai pohon djambu air; a fruit especially at weddings . It forms , tree (Eugenia spp. J. together with the tjulau q.v. seki li bengkarung; a reptile, part of the bride-price in Lebong. commonly found in the secondary se lpo tempa t rokok ; a tobacco tin . forest. Syn. ske'eng . sel uwang sedjenis ikan ; a variety sekoa siku; an elbow . of river fish . sekwat kawan, sahabat; a friend, semabeuw kuli t dengan bi nti 2 hi tam; friends , pals. patches of dark skin pigmentation. se las ija' selasih; a fruit bush . semad setan , iblis, djin; a devil, imeuw a panther ; kutj ing � � a satan, a spirit . � bi lai lekat, a mottled yellow cat. � be lelkat the spirit of a se l ebau 1. tutup kerandjang; a four­ sialang honey tre� ; � mde ' ilija cornered cover for large rice a water-sprite, a water-devil. baskets . sema i 'e sedjenis penjaki t; a dis­ 2. kerandjang pakai tutup ; a basket ease , the cure of which requires with a lid , used for storing rice. a kedura i. If a cure is attempted se l ege ' S. serdawa ; belch . by materia medica before the Syn. kesedau. kedurai , the � is offended and no cure will be effected . se lek ma lu, segan ; ashamed , embar­ rassed , reticent . meraso � to sema lo kaju rasamala; a hardwood feel ashamed ; pengasa i � abashed . forest tree . sel�n ka si han , iba ; deep sorrow , semaseut menjiasa t; investigate . grief, sympathy . Syn. ibo, slen . Syn. aseut II . selen (pass . of menjelen) taruh! sematang pema tang; a wet rice letakkan !; place ! pour ! field bund . selet sedjenis rumput; a paddy sematen 1. penganten lelaki ; a field weed , used as fodder for bridegroom . horses. Syn. skelet. 2. suami sebelum anak lahir; a young husband , a husband until se l geu ' bertahak; to burp . the birth of his first child . Syn. kesedau, telegeu '. sematung sema tung, sedjenis pohon ; sel ikua dua puluh sa tu; twenty-one . a tree , the wood of wh ich is used se l it ka . puki , liang peranakan , as firewood , and the broad leaves vagina ; pudenda , vagina . of which are used for parcelling Syn. u'ut ha , tata' ka . cooked rice. selkeui bambu jang hampi r ma ti , sembea ' sembah , bersudjud; the kering; dry , withered bamboo . customary Redjang gesture of greeting , in wh ich a young man or djemur !, kering; dried . woman bends before his or her dried fish . parent-in-law , or a person of 102

higher status , and performs three sempurno sempurna , puas ; excellent, identical movements of joining perfect . Syn. satu'. and separating the fingers . semsung 1. menjusul , mengikuti ; to � sudjut full name of the above ; follow . menjembea ' to salute or greet in 2. menjongsong, menjambut; to the customary Redjang style . greet , to advance to meet a semb ijang sembahjang; to pray , to person . Syn. 2. mendapeut . recite prayers . � Dj umat Friday semu leun gadi s; a maiden , a virgin, noon prayers in the mosque . an adolescent girl . semea ' ikan sema ; a river fish . semut semu t; an ant , ants . semelan benih, bibit; germination , sen 1. sa tu sen; one cent . seed . 2. uang; money . semengeut sengadja ; on purpose, senadjai sengadja ; purposely, intentionally. tjoa � uninten­ intentionally. Sy n. semengeut . tionally . Syn. senadjai . senakea memakan lauk-pauk sadja , semerea ' mundur , mengundurkan diri ; menggado ; to eat lapeun-lapeun to resign , abdicate . radjo 0 � only , i.e. without eating rice . pakeutneu magea ano 'neu the king Sy n. me ratea , nangeus. abdicated in favour of his son; � ho ' to abnegate . senambea S. menggendong; to carry on the hip . semeti ' pantjing; a fishing rod and line left standing for a day or a senang senang, gembi ra ; pleased , night ; tilai � a fishing line of happy , glad. the kind used for � . sen 'ang mendjerang; to place a semiang kumbang tahi ; an insect cooking pot on a fire or stove . whose chief characteristic is a senangea 1. kutu busuk , bangsa t, predilection for sitting and kepinding; a bedbug . feeding on dung . 2. sedjenis pohon ; a variety of Syn. sebu 'uteu i, sebubu 'teui . tree . semi dang lahir setjara gaib; a senda i sendi , buku; joint . person born miraculously without � burung shoulder joint . parents. Semidang Bukit Ka bu a Redjang ma rga in the North sendrut merasa tertipu , sangsi , Bencoolen regency. It was evac­ merasa tjuriga ; to feel cheated , uated and declared officially to feel oneself the victim of abolished in 1951 as a result of chicanery , to be suspicious . the depredations of tigers in Syn. bedrut . which over 120 people were killed senelang susunan kaju bakar in 1949-51; ano ' � a child of dibawah rumah ; a pile of firewood, the gods; tun tu 'un � a person usually kept stacked under the or people descended from gods . pillars of a house . semlau pelor , pel uru ; a bullet. Syn. sengerlang. semong serentak; simultaneously. sene len menuangkan ; to pour out ke � simultaneously . tea or coffee from a large container . semo 'ong mengenakan badju atau pakaian ; to wear new or newly senembea 'ha. diperha tikan , di taati , laundered clothes . pa tuh; obeyed , heeded , listened to . 103

senerea ' diserahkan; delivered , senj injai segan, tak suka , malas; handed ov er . reluctant , unwilling . Syn. segan . senewen gila , sinting; insane , demented , deranged . senmbua disemprot , di sembur; Syn. mereng, jeun . sprayed . senga ' M. see sengo' . seno ' I. kolak; a sweetmeat . � uba i a sweetmeat of cassava sengadjo sengadja; intentionally, cooked with aren sugar , coconut purposely. milk and salt. sengango ' kuatir, prihatin, wa s2; seno' II. air pasang; high tide . anxious , worried , concerned . Syn. renjeng . senseum memukul atau memasukkan sesuatu kedalam tanah; to strike sengerlang susunan kaju api dibawah an object into the ground . rumah; a pile of firewood , usually Syn. tema so '. kept stacked under the pillars of a house. Syn. sene lang. senteng pendek , kurang; short , stocky , short measure , short sengeut sedjenis ikan; a species length . Syn. seteng. of fis h . sentu dimasak tanpa bumbu ; cooked senggoa sanggul ; a hair bun . without spices , especially sateun � lipeut diwo a woman 's style of and onions . Syn . setu L. wearing hair with bun on top of q. v . head; � baje hairstyle with bun senu 'eut menulis surat, menulis; at nape of neck . to write a letter , to write. Syn. mnea su'eut . sengideus setebal paha ; as thick as a man 's thigh (used to describe sep I. sesak nafas; short breathed . the size of a fish or the thickness njabe'i � asthma ; � kesajup a of an animal 's trunk) ; � tunju' lack, a shortage . a measure slightly less than the sep II. mod. kepala , pemimpi n; circumference of a man 's thigh ; a chief , a leader, a head , a se lan jo ade � that giant eel is commander . as thick as a man 's thigh . sepadan sesuai , pantas, sepadan; sengo ' dingin , sedjuk; cold , cool. fitting , appropriate , suited . � paneus a saying implying an end tjoa si � inappropriate , ill­ to hostility between people , peace fitting . is restored; � dingin idem. Syn. senga '. sepajo supaja ; in order that , so that . Syn. spajo, supajo. sengoa gusi gi gi ; gums (of teeth) . sepedu ' i see pedu ' i . sengua merengek ; to moan , to nag. te � - � whimpering, crying almost sepe ' et VB . .sedjenis akar; a var­ silently. iety of medicinal root . sen ido' menjendok; to serve rice or sepe 'ua' 1. sa rang semut; an ants side-dishes with a spoon . nest . 2. sedjeni s semut; a variety of sen i 'u' mengganti pakaian orang ant , frequently nesting in tree lain; to change another person 's trunks or branches . Var ieties clothes . include : � kun ing and � mleuw . senjap tak sadar, tak ingat, sep i 'ai banjak; many . tjoa � not pingsan; unconscious . many , few . Syn . dau . 104

seping tunas baru; a secondary setengea ' setengah; half , partly . growth of leaves or fruit, as � berade almost, but not quite , of tobacco leaves after a harvest well-to-do . of the main growth . seter mod. senter , batere ; torch , sepulut sepulut; (Hyptis suaveolens) flashlight . variety of bush. Seti 'awa Ar. Si tti Hawa ; Eve , in sera i sarna ; the same . � baje it 's the Korannic story of Adam and all the same , it 's all the same to Eve , the mother of mankind . me , it makes no difference . set ijam menguap; 1. open-mouthed. Syn. sra i . 2. to yawn , to open one 's mouth serambea ' peribahasa , ibarat; a pro­ widely . verb , a saying. � Dj ang a Redj ang setom (D. stoom) mobi l, kendaraan proverb ; � opot a proverb or meta­ bermotor; a motor vehicle , phor of courting boys and girls. a motor car , an automobile . serapa l buku atau ki tab persandji ; � titi' a sedan car ; � lai an Islamic hymnal , containing six a lorry, a truck ; � dj ip sections. umbung deker � enam a utility car , a jeep ; � pe rlan a feast at wh ich the six � are sung. a sedan ; � - � to play cars ; � lipis a steamroller . serbo serba ; all of one kind. � pupung see pupung ; � ku ' ang setujau penghalau burung; a scare­ short in everything, all-round crow. Syn. kibau-kibau , insufficiency . 1 aj ung VB. , k i bang-k i bang. serda menari ; to dance . se ' uet rimbun , rindang; overgrown , Syn. mena'ai. leafy. dal eun � a path closed in by undergrowth or bush . serdo sempurna ; perfect . sewaso suasa , wa rna tembaga ; the sere sereh , serai ; lemon grass colour of dull gold , bronze col­ (Cymbopogon citratus). oured . Syn. suaso. minjo' � citronella oil. si ia , dia ; it. ameun � aweu i 0 sergaj au tanaman sedingin; if it be so , if that be the case . (Bryophyl lum calycinum) a plant used for ritual purification . si ' selidiki ; investigate ! sergo surga ; heaven, paradise. siamang siamang; (Hy lobates Syn. srugo. syndacty lus) sort of gibbon. seruea paka ian dalam; underwear . siang nanti , kemudian; presently , � kato' men's underpants; soon , later . Adjai Siang a leg­ � monjet women 's briefs, bloomers ; endary chieftain, probably of the � span trousers. Djang Sawea, who owned the now lost goldmine of Lebong Siang serum kamasukan setan; possessed by between Topos and Napal Litjin in a spirit or devil, enticed by a the Dj ang Raweus area . spirit. ke an illness caused � Syn. ka ' ung njo. by �. siapung pengikat pada kaki bina­ seseut sesat, kesasar; astray, lost , tang; a stay or weight on the leg loose one's way (in the jungle) . of an animal to prevent its Syn. 1 imau . running away . Syn. sangapung. seteng pendek, kurang; short. si 'au ku. sendok ; a spoon . Syn. sen teng. Syn. sidau mod. 105

siba SH. hanja ; merely, only . silo II . sila , bersi la ; to sit cross-legged , a posture required sibo'neu VB . tidak apa2, tidak apa ; when showing respect, and for no matter , don 't worry, it does ceremonial occasions . tmot be � not matter . Syn. tjoa bo 'neu L. seated in the � position. sidai sakti ; having magical power . Syn. s i I a. Syn. tj idai, sakta i. si long sarung ba tik; a batik sidau mod. sendok; a spoon . sarong . Syn. s i 'au ku. simbeut (imp. of menj imbeut) sihat seha t; healthy , well, able­ djawab! ; answer ! bodied . Syn. ka 'eun . simeun bisul kepala; a lump or si ' ing be � berisi ; filled , with swelling on the cranium . content . ko 'ot � a scar on the skull, on which no hair grows . sijeun pahon suren ; (Aglaia sp . ) Sy n. tambeut . a forest tree used for making wooden roof tiles . singea ' I. (imp. of menj ingea') singgah! ; stay here !, stop a sijo' baji baru lahir sampai while ! berumur seminggu ; a week-old baby , just beginning to see and feed singea ' II. sedjenis pahon ; a var­ normally , its umbilical cord having iety of tree . fallen away . singo singa ; a lion . sike' menji si r; to comb hair . singum tersenjum; to smile . sikeui VB . pohon sungkai ; (Peronema Ant. metj imet. canescens) a bush with palm-like sinija' ingin , hasra t, hawa nafsu; fronds . Syn. sukeu i L. want , desire . sikeut menjingka tkan , singka t, sinit burung serindi t; a variety si ngkatan; abbreviate , abbrevi­ of forest bird . pisang � a ation. variety of banana . sikoa ma lu mengatakan karena sesuatu sinjang asimetris, kesendjangan; ha l; embarrassed because of some­ asymetric , asymetry . tun � a thing. person with one leg , a person having one leg longer than the sikup sekop ; a spade . Syn . sp�d . other . Ant. skeltang. silai garam; salt . Syn. mesen . sinjo fadjar; red sky at sunrise silang 1. pertengkaran ; a dispute , or sunset. � ploweng sunrise ; a difference . � pe lbea ' sunset; � po i mso ' 2. silang, palang; a cross . sunset colouring the sky with a � sl isija' an altercation, a row . yellow hue (the colour of ripen­ ing rice) ;.� ka lo late afternoon, sil e' be � bersilat , pentjak; type at sunset. of traditional fencing. siowa semprong, alat pengembus api ; sileuw silau; dazzled (by brightness a bamboo tube used as a blowing or strong light) . � matai dazzled pipe for reviving a fire . eyes. be � whistling . silo I. pepaja; (Carica papaya) a sipak menendang, menjepak; to kick . pepaya or pawpaw tree . � bo la mod. football, soccer . ano' � a pepaya fruit. Syn. sipek. Syn. ns i 10. 106 sipang simpang; a crossing, a turn­ in close association, and when ing. � pat crossroads, a crossing one is angered or offended , all of paths . four must be propitiated and appeased . Tjatjar Kuwai ' ang is sipek (imp. of rnenj ipek) sepak!, the most deadly and feared . tendang! ; kick ! Syn. sipak. Kebeurn or Gu 'eurn Tungea has a sipeui simpai ; a red , long-tailed blotchy , unpleasant jaw and mouth, monkey (Femoralis melalopha) . and apart from frightening people In Redjang mythology , the � was can commute his infection . the pes irea ' of the animal world. Syn. sernad . sipeun sudah, selesai , beres , siap; siting sinting, bera t sebelah; ready , finished , completed . partisan , one-sided , overweighted Syn. sudo. on one side . sipeut sifat, wa tak, tabiat, sito' (imp. of rnenj ito ') tarik! ; kepribadian; character , trait, drag! , pull ! nature . Syn. rus io, sanubri. si 'u' be � ga nti pakaian atau sipi a (imp. of rnenj i pia) sisihkan! , badju; change clothes . pinggirkan! ; put aside!; place Uku 10' � ki1ea' I would like to aside . Ant. donok . change my clothes now . sipit sipi t; the epicanthic eye siung sedjenis padi ; a tasty fold, which most highland Redjang variety of upland rice. have, in common with Chinese. siwar pisau belati; a dagger . Syn. kupit. siwo ongkos , sewa ; fare, tariff, sirong I. pari t; a ditch , a channel. passage money . Syn. okos . sirong II. serong, tidak lurus; skagea saling berkundjung; to pay crooked , windy , not straight . reciprocal visits . sku1ang � ha. sisi ' 1. penjaki t anak2 ; a child­ to visit one another . ren 's disease , of which the main skarn alat penangkap ikan; a fish­ symptom is frequent diarrhoea , the ing trap made of bamboo . child is said to have a craving for salt and chillies . The body skap benang asal dari kulit kaju; wastes away till the ribs stand thread made from bark cloth. out , the eyes bulge out and the skapeus bagi hasil , memaro; share­ child then dies . Less than 1 in cropping, the lending out of 20 cases are believed to recover . buffaloes on the basis of a half 2. sisik ikan; a fish's scales. share of one to two of the in­ siso be � menjisa makanan; leave crease between lessee and lessor . food on one 's plate . This is bad skat ambang; sill. � bang , manners in the case of adults , � 1awang threshold; � pengdan since it offends the spirit of the window sill. paddy , in the case of children however , it is pardonable (see skea ' roboh , pa tah , petjah; to 1 i 'eus) . break, to break away . sitan setan; the devil, a devil, ske1bong sedjenis tanaman; a satan. The devils in the Redjang plant. � bu1eun a plant the cosmology are divided into land leaf of which is used medicinally and sea devils. They are called : for poultices to treat swellings Iwar Dila'eut , Tjatjar Kuwai 'ang, and skin eruptions ; � titi ' Radjo Gemalang Batanghari and similar to the above, but having Kebeurn Tungea. All four operate a smaller leaf . 107

skelet sedjenis rumput; a paddy sle ha. tak ada duanja , tak ada field weed , used as fodder for bandingannja, aneh , heran ; incom­ horses . Syn. selet L. parable , without equal , strange , curious. Syn. indea'. skeltang simetris; symmetry, symetric . Ant. sinjang. slen kasih sajang, iba , kasihan; kindness , pity , sympathy . ske'u sedjenis lalat ketjil; a Syn. bibo. fruit- fly. slenge sedjeni s ikan laut; a long skimeut berpukulan , sa ling memukul ; thin and excessively bony sea to beat one another. fish . tun � a derogatory Redjang skitai ung ia petang hari , sore; the appellation for the residents of time of the day when the call of Bencoolen . the night cricket is first heard , 1. serbet; i.e. at about 6 p.m. slikeup a table napkin. Syn . umbung kes i 'eup. 2. selubung kain; a barber 's napkin. sklulum mentjium; to kiss, exchang­ sl indang selendang; a scarf , a ing spittle , to eat sweets. shawl , a stole . Sl indang Bulan , skoa siku; elbow. usu' � to par­ a character in Redjang mythology , take of or take back something one the younger sister of Karang Nijo, has given as a gift. married to Setio Barat , king of Inderapura . skogo ' toke , tjetjak besar; a large gecko . slon kuku ; a nail. � kekea a toe­ nail; smu'ai � cuticle. skukua sedjenis agas; a midge-like insect , smaller than an ageus . slop mod. sandal ; a sandal .

skul eum lalab; to eat raw or un­ sluntum kulum2; a beetle , able to cooked food . retract itself into a shiny black ball. skumbang kumbang; a wood beetle. slusua silsilah , asal usul ; geneal­ skutu 1. sekutu ; an ally , an ogy , family tree , descent . accomplice. 2. denda ; a fine or sentence sluwang ikan seluang; a river fish imposed on an accessory to a (Rasbora spp.). � tindi ', crime . � tl ingo varieties of above . skwiet sedjenis sabi t; a hand smajo djandji , perdjandjian; a sickle . promise, an agreement . djanjai � a binding contract. sIan ikan pandjang; a large river­ eel , found only in rivers flowing smaneui lelaki , pria ; a man , male , into the Indian Ocean . masculine . sipeut � masculine , virile; tu� � a man , a male ; slau usaha , ichtiar; effort, activ­ ano ' � a boy ; � tuai an old man . ity, plan. tj igai � neu igai he makes no further effort. smang tunas , bibit, tumbuh; germi­ nated , sprout . � niowa a coconut slawe (J. selawe) dua puluh lima; seedling ; ano ' � an agent , a twenty-five. dealer , a jobber , a guest; slaweui wa ni ta , perempuan; a woman , indo ' � a wholesaler, a hostess. female , feminine . � ketjerak a smangeut semangat; spirit, essence, ruined woman, a fallen woman . soul. � po i the sacred and 108

magical spirit of paddy , to wh ich smobong udjian , pertjobaan; a test. offerings are made at special pnai � baga i to test one 's fate ; shrines in the rice fields; Ku r � � saktaineu a test of his magical a call to the rice spirit for help powers . or a blessing. smu 'ai djangat, kuli t kaku ; cuticle. smatung sedjenis pohon ; a forest � slon cuticle of the nail. tree . daweun � a � leaf , used smulau menindjau, menilik; to as a plate and a wrapper for a observe , to survey . k�me 10' � serving of cooked rice . sawea ' we wish to look at the smau 1. mal u, semu ; ashamed , paddy field . embarrassed. mbea ' � do not be embarassed . smuleun gadis, perawan; a maiden , a virgin, an adolescent girl . 2. mempersilahkan makan; bon � laleuw , � tuai a spinster ; app�tit, an expression of the host � lai nubile , a girl ready for at the commencement of a meal , or marriage . midway before requesting his guests to have second helpings . smupung (J. mumpung) sebelum, Syn. 2. ma roba, pet me ui . sementara ; before . smawab dukun kenduri ; the officiator smu 'u membungkuk , menunduk; to at a kedura i. Syn. sawab. crouch . smbau (imp. of menjembau) tjium! ; snabun 1. sabun; soap . smell ! � lakau ! selama t makan !; 2. mentjutji ; to soap , to wash . bon app�tit ! Syn. smbon . snadjai sengadja ; on purpose , pur­ smbileun sembilan; nine . posely , with intent . � pulua' ninety . Syn. semengeut . smbon (imp. of menjembon ) tjium! ; snai 1. sendi ; a joint . smell! Syn. smbau. 2. aqak; rather , somewhat . Syn. 1. senda i . smiangpun keraba t fihak ibu dari ajah; a person 's non-agnatic or snagneuw wa lang sangit; a paddy pest, collateral kinsmen, one 's father's causing grains to remain empty . mother 's parents , and maternal Varieties of �: � bau , � panj ang , great-grandparents. � bleseng. smi do memelihara , mendjaga ; to guard , sndau anak kembar; twins , a pair to watch over, to care for , to herd . joined together. smilau sembilu, wel at; 1. a bamboo snimbeut memba las , mendjawab; to knife , used mainly for severing reply , answer , rejoin. the navel cord . snu'eui disisir; combed. 2. the outer fibre or epidermis of bu ' 0 tjoa � that hair has not bamboo , from which the knife is been combed. made . so 1. sa tu, tunggal, esa ; one , smi ramato sedjenis burung; a bird . single . smi rea menabur benih, menjebar bibit; 2. hari pertama dalam bulan; the to sow seed , broadcast. first day of the month , a new Syn. smi ro' , tjemibea . moon . Syn. rsoa . smiro' menabur benih, menjebar benih; sobong be � diudji , diperiksa ; be to sow seed , broadcast. examined , tested . Syn. smi rea, tjemibea . 109

sobot sabut; outer fibrous husk of spasua ' (of. asua') adik-beradik, coconut , used as a scrubbing-brush saudara2 sekandung; sibling(s) , and as cooking fuel . brother (s) and sister (s) . � niowa coconut husk . � slaweui sister ; � smaneui brother. sod niat, kaul ; a desire , a wish , a vow . misai � to redeem a vow ; spea sumbing, retak; chipped (as � sanga i the original mythological a plate or cup) . resolve to hold a kedj ai if the sped EEIC . sekop ; a spade . seriously ill child of an ancient Syn. sikup . chieftain recovered . spi 'ai lebih dari bagiannja , lebih sodok soqok , suap, hadiah , pertim­ dari biasanja ; to receive more bangan ; a bribe , a reward , a than one 's share , to get more consideration . Syn. soro' . than the usual amount. sondong dapur ; a pantry , a kitchen . ul ia'ku bi lai jo kan � kundeui � djuadea ' the sweetmeat kitchen, galo today I got more fish than a pastry kitchen . usual . so 'ong sarung; a sarong. spiet 1. sempi t, sesak; narrow , � badjau imp . put on a shirt. confined , compressed , crowded . 2. djepi tan; a grip , a clip . sop kemaluan lelaki (kata � bu ' a hairpin; � peke ran penghinaan) ; male genitals (used anxious thoughts , worry . in anger only) . ko jo aweui � you are like male genitals (an spijang djelatang; (Laportea spp. ) insult likely to result in a a forest tree . varieties of � : fight) . � bul eun, � monok, � uso. sopo ' 1. berlebihan , terlalu banjak; spingeut sedjenis rumpu t; a thorny excessive , a surplus, a surfeit . bush , the fruit of which is used 2. enak , lezat; tasty , delicious . to make ink . sora sorak-sorai ; a loser in a race spi ran mod. tabir, sampiran; an or contest, a person left behind in item of furniture resembling a a race . Syn. tja'i, su'o' ileu i . clothes horse , and used for hang­ ing sarongs and batik cloths as soro ' uang sogok , uang semir; a well as clothing in everyday use . bribe , bribery , a gift . Syn. djata, sodok . spo semua , segenap ; all, every . � - � everyone , altogether; sosokan baru ; new , a new village . � baje all at once , together, Sosokan , the name of a village in simultaneously ; � mo i, � be le' the Redjang Rawas country . to go together and return to­ Syn. blau. Ant. an. gether. sotos sera tus; a hundred . spot mod. lekas , tjepa t; swift , dua i otos two hundred . fast, rapid . � ni 'eun extremely spajo supaja , agar; in order to , so fast . that . Syn. sepajo, supajo. spua ' (imp. of menjepua ') lepuh; spano' sanak kel uarga , seisi rumah, an illness believed to be caused sekeluarga ; a family , a household by bathing at midday . group , a household. � sengepau spuet pipa penghembus; a blowpipe . a three or four generation family living together in one household ; srai sama , serupa ; the same , simi­ � skabeun the family group . lar , identical . � baje just the same , quite the same . Syn. serai . 110 srek kekurangan ; a lack , a shortage, stamang menantu; son-in-law, an insufficiency . daughter-in�law . Ke tua i ano ' � the leader of the sons-in-law's, sribau seribu ; a thousand . dua i ribau two thousand . or of the daughters-in-law's working groups at a feast; sruba i S. tJan � tulang kongkeng, � mgong semendo a son-in-law tjenonot; coccyx . married by semendo who in conse­ quence lives in his wife 's srudung tempat meneduh diladang; father 's house ; � sudo beJeket a field shelter , usually made of bamboo but occasionally of timber. a daughter-in-law married by, It differs from a pondok uma i be Jeket , and thus living in her husband 's father 's house ; � mgong uma i q. v. in its not having walls and therefore never being used for daseu i a daughter-in-law married semendo and thus living with her sleeping in overnight. husband in her father 's house; srugo sorga ; heaven , paradise. � si bi me Jeket sJaweui a son­ Syn. se rgo . in-law married by be J eket , and thus living with his wife in his sruwa VB. kutu tjelana ; lice , a father 's house; � danea ' umea ' variety of lice which particularly a sibling 's son- or daughter-in­ frequent men 's trousers. law. Syn. menatau. sruwea tjelana pandjang, pantalon ; trousers. stang stir, kemudi ; a steering wheel. � krita a motor car sta ka. kena sumpah, terkutuk; an steering wheel ; mat ia' � to adverse or calamitous consequence . change the position of the hands Syn. sto, mn iso. with a sudden throw of the wrists in a Redjang dance . stabi ' permohonan ma af kepada roh2; a request to spirits for pardon ; stau ha. ,VB. ha t i2! , awas!, e � pardon , excuse (to spirit of perha tikanlah!; take heed ! When a sacred place) , an invocation or said to someone , especially a greeting accorded to ancestral child, it is often repeated twice spirits when a person passes by of thrice . a graveyard or some sacred place , implying a request that they staut in anak djurai asli ; a mem ber pardon his intrusion into their of an original agnatic group in a precincts . village or clan . Syn . mastaut in. stegi '-stegi ' saling memidjat stage rambut jand dikepang; plait, plaited ha ir. (menekan) bagian jang gatal ; the action of two people scratching stagea S. menggagap ; to stutter . each other simultaneously or in turns . stegi ' to press . stako 1. dosa karena melanggar adat; guilt, a heinous fault. steku ' ngantuk; to doze , to take 2. hukuman Tuhan ; (in metaphysics) forty winks , to take a nap . divine punishment . stengea ' setengah ; a half . staJai setalen, 25 sen; 25 cents , a quarter of a rupiah . � tJau ste'o sutra ; silk . uang it 's all the same , there 's stewea sedjenis pohon ; a forest no difference , six of one and half tree , the fruit of which is a dozen of the other. edible and is used as a fish bait. Syn. sekwa t VB . 111

stikea perselisihan, pertengkaran , sudo selesai , habis; completed , salah pengertian; a misunderstand­ ended , finished . Syn. tj igai , ing. � ketje' a difference of sipeun . opinion. suduet sudut, podjok; a corner , stir (D. stuur) menje tir, an angle . Syn . tel u'. mengemudi ; to drive (a vehicle) . su 'eui I. serai , sereh ; a spice , � setom to drive a motor car. a herb used as a culinary spice . sti 'u' tuli , pekak; deaf. su 'eui II. seri t, sisir kerap; peka ' � stone deaf. Syn. peka '. a comb for removing hair lice . sto terku tuk, kena sumpah; an su'eut surat; a letter , a document. adverse consequence , an unpropi­ mnea � to wr ite , to write a tious after-effect of magical letter ; � tangeun lines on the cause, e.g. the consequence of palm of a hand ; � ulau fate , urinating in a cemetery . portion; bi � ulauneu nieun he Syn. mn iso. has met his deserved fate . stobo 1. masih bersaudara , suga i sugi ; a wad of tobacco with berkeraba t, famili; related by which to rub one 's teeth and stop blood or marriage . one 's mouth . 2. termasuk, tergolong; associated , banded together . sugea ' kasar; coarse, vulgar , rough . bege luet � to play foul . stuang mertua ; a parent-in-law (father-in-law or mother-in-law) sugia' (J. sugih) kaja; wealthy , and classificatory parent-in-law. rich . Syn. kaj o . udjeun � continuous rain (an sukau suku ; 1. the largest corpor­ expression derived from a legend ate descent group resident in a about a man 's unexpected discom­ village . The same group is called fiture after showing discourtesy dju'eui in Lebong, and is gen­ and a miserly disposition toward erally equated with tumbang and his wife 's father ). rojot . stujau orang2-an; a scarecrow. 2. 50 cents . Syn. kek ibang, tanjau. sukep (imp. of menj ukep) singkap ; stuka r kenek; a bus conductor , a lift aside , draw aside . truck-driver 's factotum . sukeu i sungkai , meranti dusun; a su'ang sendiri , sendirian; only, tree , sacred to the Semitoa , one alone . ana' tuwa i � the eldest of the two ads cititious Redjang child in a family; tego sala � clans . possessing equal rights of sukeut bentuk, rupa ; form, shape . inheritance . Syn. uleus , rupo . suaro mod. suara ; voice, sound . sukut badan °tegap , ngganteng; suaso suasa , warna tembaga ; bronze stout , dapper, in sound health . coloured . Syn. sewaso. sulea' bo tak; semi-bald , bald sudj ung suami istri masih seturutan; except for the sides . in marital accord . Ant. sa 'o' . sulua (imp. of menj ulua) djalar! ; sudjut sudjud; to bow low, to fall spread ! ubai � a variety of on knees (asking for mercy or cassava . forgiveness) . sulua' suluh , obor ; a torch . sembea ' � see sembea '. 112

sumat VB . musuh, lawan; an enemy . supau sapu ; a broom . ke � idem L. Syn. penjepeui. sumbang sumbang, serong; incest . supea ' sumpah; oath , vow . � ma tai to make eyes with a be � to swear , to take an oath; person of the opposite sex with kno � to suffer the supernatural whom a sexual relationship is punishment of having made a false taboo ; � tangeun to touch a per­ oath ; snupea ' to be sworn to son of the opposite sex with whom something, having taken an oath; sexual contact is taboo ; � ketje' � salea' a false oath . a breach of sexual etiquette by supi r mod. supir, pengemudi; a speaking to a person of a pro­ driver of a vehicle, a chauffeur . hibited degree of relationship. susau S. dada perempuan; bosom , sumbau sumbu ; flame . woman 's breast (s) ; biowa � milk; sumbua sedjenis penjaki t; the same matai � nipple, teat; menjusau disease essentially as sisi ' q.v. to suck . It is believed the victim of this susea ' 1. pekerdjaan; work , labour . disease has a craving for fish 2. sulit, sengsara ; difficult, and meat , he eventually goes blind hard , onerous . and has a corpulent stomach and a loss of energy . suswoi sesuai , sepadan , tjotjok ; suited to, fitting, appropriate . sumua sumur; a well. Syn. dekemoi . sunat mod. Ar. sunat; circumcision . suta' see suto ' � rasul circumcision in fulfill­ ment of the Prophet 's command . suta i buta ; blind , totally blind . Syn . rabun . sundo i pajah , susah, menderi ta; difficult, burdensome , troubled . sut ing djanin; an embryo, a foetus , Syn. bripiet, pajea ', gawea . an unborn child . � djatan a child born miraculously, a child suneui serunai; a (musical) pipe . born of an immaculate conception. sung lesung; a rice-stamping mgong � pregnant. Syn. badjang. mortar . � batang a hand stamper; suto ' 1. bertengkar mulut, � inji' a seesaw or winch stamper. berselisih; to quarrel (verbally) , Syn. lesung. to curse one another . sungau tanduk badak; a rhinoceros 2. berselisih dengan djodohnja ; horn. to quarrel with one 's spouse . sunjai sunJ� , sepi ; lonely , su'u' 1. sedjenis ulat penggerek , isolated . atau hama padi ; a paddy borer . 2. rendah hati ; lowly, modest. sunud sangkar; a nest, a pen . � monok a portable fowl house suwo perangkap ikan; a small made of a partially folded old cylindrical fish trap of rattan pane basket . and bamboo , supported on a wooden stake (patjang , q.v. ) about four su'o' berteriaklah! ; shout !, call feet long . for a friend (usually while in the forest or swidden area) . suwo ' anak sungai ; a tributary . be � to call, shout . Syn . biowa ti '. supajo see spajo swa rang suarang; joint property of husband and wife , property of supak pi tjik, tidak luas; narrow, husband and wife acquired since confined . their marriage . ho ' � the right to joint property . 113

T the forefinger of each hand . ta aksara keempat dalam abdjad 2. kemaluan tegang; (JolZ. a sexual Redjang; the fourth letter in the erection . Redjang syllabary. tadau sedjenis ulat; an insect . olok � idem . ta 'ai tari ; a dance . � mna 'ai dancing at a feast . tadjang (pass. of temadjang) di terdjang; kick with the sole of ta ' ang demam pada anak ketjil; a the foot . chill or fever in a sma ll child. � opo i a high fever ; � panjang tadjeum tadjam; sharp . a long-term illness, believed to tadjeuw gu tji , bujung; an urn , a occur among Indonesians but never water urn . among Europeans or Chinese . It is believed to be caused by ta 'eun tahan ; restrain, hold back . errors of diet or disregard of tagar guntur dilaut; sea thunder , taboos by the patient 's mother thunder at sea . during the patient 's gestation period. There is no loss of ta i arti ; meaning , connotation . appetite, but there is continuous gen �? what is the reason? why? ; fever with altering sensation of djano � neu? what is the expla­ heat and cold. The hair falls nation? why? ; be � meaning , out or comes out in tufts . connoting; be � - � to allude , to be � suffering from � . hint at , to deprecate , ironically . tabau timbun; cover , close, wrap . ta i 'ea 1. tail , ma ta uang emas; a � mnabau to cover up . gold coin . 2. papan dibawah lantai ; wooden tabea I. 1. hambar, tawar; unsalted , support beneath a floor . tasteless. 2. mengurangi ra tjun ; an antidote taj u' bantji ; a hermaphrodite, an to poison. effeminate man . Syn. teblakoi . tepung � the custom of swishing tajus runtjing , tertudju; pointed . ritual water and herbs on persons Syn. ti'us, tipus , meni'us, lutju' . involved in a qua rrel in order to settle the dispute and restore taka lau VB. atau tidak; or not . harmony , peace and coolness. be le' teu �? should we return or not? tabea II. lembah , tanah rendah; a valley, a depression, a hollow , takbur mod. AT'. nadjis, takabur, a low-lying talang , a plain, a sombong; profane , boastful . flat . Syn. datea . takea azimat, djimat; a talisman . tab ija tabir; a curtain, a screen . Syn. d j i ma t . tabija' searah, sepaham , sedjalan; takeup tangkap; catch, seize, hold. parallel , in the same direction , in ma tai-bilai ke � eclipse of the accord , in agreement . sun; semendo temakeup burung tebang a type of semendo marriage tach ijat mod. AT'. 1. tachijat, batjaan in which a bridegroom from afar is dalam sembahjang untuk menghorma ti accepted by his father-in-law with­ Tuhan ; part of the liturgy of the out the payment of bride price . Friday mosque service , a ritual This occurs mo stly where the gesture in the course of the Friday bride 's father is a man of means, mosque service in which the congre­ or where the prospective groom is gation whose hands are in a partly a man of exceptional merit or clenched position , raise and stretch learning. 114

tako VB. asbak; an ashtray . tandeun VB. tali , tali kerbau; a rope , tether used for buffaloes. tako ' 1. kulup; prepuce . Syn. tilai kebeuw . 2. bekas luka , kena pisau atau parang; a nick , a chip. tando tanda ; a sign , an omen . � djerkai a good omen , an omen taktereuw see tekte reuw of good fortune ; � penemau kide' talang 1. talang, sekelompok an evil omen , an omen of evil perkampungan atau pondok2; an em- occurrence ; � betje'eui symbol bryonic village , or hamlet , usually of separation , referring to a in the centre of a farming area or coconut that is split in two at within easy access of upland a funeral , half being left beside fields . the grave and half brought back 2. saluran air dari bambu , talang; to the home of deceased person to a long bamboo pipe , a bamboo aqua­ be divided and eaten by the sur­ duct . viving kinsmen; � usu' a rotten omen . Ta lang Ai , Ta lang Donok , Ta lang Ratu, Ta lang Tj u'up nama 2 kampung tanganjun ajunan; a seesaw . di tanah Redjang; names of Redjang tangburu ' see tamburu ' hamlets or villages . tangea 1. tanggal ; date (calendric) . tal au lengah, kurang wa spada ; lacking vigilance , off guard . tangea II. lepas; loose, separated . taleus talas, keladi ; (CoLocasia tangea ' menengadah; to look up , to antiquorum) a root crop . lift one 's head . � bubun a white-leaved cassava ; tangeleng VB . tenggiling; anteater . � mleuw black manioc ; � telanjang Syn. skea . an edible manioc tuber ; � tj it a type of (inedible) cassava . tangu ' tangguk , alat penangkap ikan; a fishing net . tam djatuh, ketjebur; to fall down , to flop , to plop. tam-tum the tangua ' tangguh; full of excuses , sound of gunfire or loud thunder . a person who is reticent or dis­ Syn. tar. inclined to help others . Syn. dj i 1 i a' . tamang paman muda , suami bibi ; father 's or mother 's (younger) tanjau orang2-an; a scarecrow of sister 's husband . branches or leaves . Syn. adu' bibi. Ant. mineun . Syn . kekibang , stujau.

tambeut bi sul dikepala; a lump or tanj ing tandjing; upright metal or swelling on the cranium . wooden stop at the base of an oil Syn. simeun . press .

tamburu ' VB. sedjeni s djuadah; a tanjo' berke pola atau djalinan sweetmeat made of palm sugar , dalam membuat krandjang atau coconut and pounded rice , it is bakul , dengan wa rna lereng; made only if specially requested a pattern of basket weaving in at a baseun preceding a feast . which coloured stripes of con­ Syn. tangburu ' L. trasting colour predominate . tan VB . udjung; end , extremity. ta 'o menegur, menjapa ; to accost, to affront, to address a person . tandau tandu , usungan; a stretcher. � tawea to call on a passer-by Syn. akong, osong- osong . to come up to one 's house , to 115

rest and have refreshment , a basic tatj i VB . uang; money , lucre . tenet of Redjang social intercourse Syn. tj atj i . and an adage implying polite and sociable behaviour towards other tatu' ben tur; bump or knock a part men . of one 's body against a hard object . tapea tapal; a herbal poultice , tawa i ketawa ; to laugh . � ma tai usually held by a cloth tied round a smile , lit. laughing eyes; the head or abdomen or other ke � to laugh at; te � to laugh affected part . Syn. tepe. without reason . Syn. teki ri '. tapeui VB. see tapoi . tawea ' padi rubuh; bended or fallen tapeun tempa t; a place. paddy stalks . po i � u'ai fallen Syn. pnan , pe labai , kedukan. stalks of young paddy , unsuccess­ ful paddy . tapi 1. tetapi ; but . 2. sengadja ; purposely , inten­ tawe un tahun ; a year . de � one tionally . year . Syn. tawun . tapo i sedjenis pohon rimba ; tawun see tawe un a variety of forest tree . tbabo tergaruk; scratched . tar djatuh , ketjebur; to fall down , Syn. tk 1 abang , tk1 eseng, tk 1 osong , to flop , to plop. Syn. tam. tkluje. tarak bertapa , bersemedi ; to go into tea ' I. nenek dari nenek, nenek seclusion , to go into a retreat or mojang, leluhur; a great-great­ temporary hermitage . Syn. mambea '. grandfather or great-great­ grandmother. taram terus ; continuous , onwards , straight on . � menaram ku . re­ tea ' II. tidak tahu , entah; I don 't peatedly, continuously . know .

tarea ' be � tarah; plane (with te 'ang terang; clear , bright . adze) . bi lai � a clear day , a bright day , fine weather . Syn. paseut . taring saing, taring; a fang. adat ade � bobos he knows the law tebadj ua 1. hantjur ; broken , and custom but does not abide by crushed . it. Syn. pa i ng. 2. sedjadjar; parallel. Syn. tedj adj ua . taris 1. pagar; fence (around a house or garden) . tebagea ' VB . tertawa terbahak2 , 2. ba tas; a border , boundary . ter-gelak2; to roar with laughter, to laugh out loud . tarup tarup , pengudjung; a small Sy n. teka rak, tetawai , teteng it, pavilion for weddings and feasts , tege 1 a', tegagea ' . made by collective labour .

Syn. penudj ung , sambija, ba leui tebau tebu ; . sugar cane . � benang, titi ' . � bneuw large cane ; � sukoa native Redjang sugar cane ; tata ' ka. liang peranakan , vagina ; � buluwa' a giant sugar cane ; pudenda, vagina . Syn. u'ut ha. , � mleuw a variety of black cane ; se l it ka . , mengemeng ka . � tnoa a non-edible cane , the tatea ta tal; (wood) chips . flower of which is used as a vegetable . tateup memeriksa badan orang saki t; to diagnose a patient by feeling tebele' terbalik; turned over , the body or the affected part . turned upside down . 116 tebetang terbentang; rolled open , tea estate and factory ; Tebo Pal ik opened out (as a mat) . Pally Mountain , a high peak in the anterior Bukit Barisan range ; tebetut tersandung; (a foot) struck � tebing mountain and valley ; by a stone or rock . � opo i a volcano . longsor , terbi s; tebeun fallen , tebo ' duri ; a thorn . � ros a collapsed . rose thorn . kolam; tebeut a pond . mobos � to tebu ' lobang; a hole , a cavity . clear a pond ; Pasar � a coastal � katj ing a buttonhole; � ti lUi Redjang village in Marga Palik ; the cavity of the ear ; � jung pemetung � the waste pipe or out­ nostril; � butut anus . flow pipe of a fish pond . tebuna i mod. tembuni , uri ; after­ tebi lang penggali ; a traditional birth . Syn. asea . Redjang wooden spade . Tabea Tebilang a village in Marga Lai . tedjadj ua 1. hantjur ; broken, crushed . teb i njot miring; askew, out of 2. sedjadjar; parallel . place . Syn. tebadj ua . tebl akeui bantji ; a hermaphrodite. tedjun (pass . of dj un) terdjun ; Syn. teb 1 ako i L. , taj u I • fallen , tumbled down . tebl ako i see tebl akeui. tedung ular; a snake . Syn. dung . tebl i I terbelalak; staring with te l eup kulit kaju dari pohon terap; eyes wide-open. cloth made from the bark of the Ant. tepedj eum. forest tree Artocarpus eZastica, tebl inai sedjenis tikus besar; a used for blankets, loin cloths variety of rat of enormous size, and basket straps . Syn. natea . a cane rat . tega l M. see tego' . tebl injat tersandung; to stumble , tegagea tergelak, terbahak-bahak; trip, almost fall. to laugh out loud , to roar with Syn. teg 1 i tj i a. laughter . Sy n. tebagea ', tetawa i, tebl itu' tidur (meringkuk) ; to tekarak, tegela'. sleep curled up (as a cat) . tega'is tergores , tergaruk; tebo buki t, gunung; a hill, a moun­ scratched, grazed , slightly tain . Te bo La i Great Mountain , scratched . Syn. tegwi s. Lais Mountain between the regencies tegajuet tergantung, bergantung, of Redjang-Lebong and North Ben­ bergajut; hanging , dependent . coolen; Tebo Lumut Mount Lumut in Syn. tegatung . Lebong; Tebo Panjang the Bukit Barisan range in Lebong ; Tebo Ka ba tegana i see teganoi . Mount Kaba, an active volcano near teganoi dukun berburu; a hunting Thurup in the Redjang district of magician , especially skilled in Redjang-Lebong; Te bo Lekneu i a trapping deer and fish by magical sacred mountain near Topos, a place means . Syn. dukun dja' ing. of pilgrimage and the payment of vows ; Tebo Buku' Sugar Loaf tegatung ha. gantung, tergantung; Mountain near Bencoolen; Tebo hung, suspended . Syn . tegajuet . Daweun Leaf Mountain , on the slopes tegea berusaha keras, berusaha of which there was formerly a large sekua t tenaga ; to strain oneself, to exert oneself fully. 117 tegea ' djangan , di larang; pro­ tekembu ' 1. kemasukan setan , hibited, forbidden, do not . kesurupan ; to be possessed , lit­ Syn. mbea' , dj ibea', dang. erally consumed , by a devil or harmful spirit . tegela' tertawa , terbahak-bahak , 2. sedjenis penjaki t; the illness tergelak; to laugh out loud , to caused by such possession. roar with laughter . 3. dimakan ; eaten , consumed . Syn. tegagea , tebagea ', tetawa i, Syn. tepasu ' teka rak. tekemot VB. keriput; shrivelled , tegelai gel i; tickled, to have a hunched up . Syn . tekemut L. queer feeling or sensation. Syn. tegeloi . tekemut L. see tekemot VB. tege leum tenggelam, terendam; sunk , teketj it VB . tidak di sengadja ; soaked. Syn. tendeum, karem. 1. unintentional or involuntary tege ro i see tegelai . defecation as a result of shock , sneezing or passing wind . tegendet tersinggung; hurt (feel- 2. L. to grasp something uninten­ ings) . tionally . Syn. tek i tj it. tego ' tegak, berdiri ; to stand , erect . Syn. tega '. tekeun (imp. of menekeun) tekanlah!; press ! tegoa sementara , sebentar; for the time being, presently. teke 'ut berkerut; wrinkled. � igai soon , in a short while . tekewea dipantjing, dikail; fished , tegu ' sedjenis burung; a forest hooked . bird. tekewet terkai t; hooked , caught by tegua ' teguh; strong, powerful , a hook . tough . tekipo duduk bersingsing; to sit tegutjea terlepas, tanggal; to with one 's legs to the side (the loose one 's grip , to let go one 's opposite of besilo), the Kerintji hold . Syn. tekutjea L. style of sitting. Syn. telepo', temot kitj ai, tegwis terguris, tergaruk; scratched, bes ipua ' . slightly scratched . Syn. tega'is. tekiri ' tertawa ketjil; to laugh tekanjeut terkedjut, heran , merasa a little. aneh; astonished , surprised , stunned . tekit 1. alasan , sebab; a reason, a cause . tekarak tertawa terbahak-bahak; to 2. menahan ; to hold , to hold back, laugh out loud , to roar with to restrain , to retain . laughter . Syn. teteng it, tebagea ', tetawai , teki ri '. tekitjit see teketj it teke ' air ludah; spit, saliva . tekl ija' terlihat, nampak; seen, be � to spit i.v. ; meneke ' to observed . spit at t. v. teko da tang; corne , arrive . tekeba l ing VB. tertutup; closed in, tektereuw sedjenis burung; a small hemmed in, obscured . bird wh ich emerges from its nest teke l ies terkilir, terpeletjok; a only at dawn and at dusk . sprained ankle or wrist , sprained . umbung � the time of day when many � emerge and are seen in tekeluba ' terkalubak ; scratched , flight , i.e. at dawn and at dusk . skin torn. 118

tekuang terbuang; cast away . te l eup telap , terkena ; struck , Syn. tel ambua. hurt . tekujung semut; ant(s) . telgau telegu , si gung; a skunk . pito' � an ant heap . tel ngeun VB . luka badan ; a body tekukung terikat oleh per aturan , wound, the result of being struck terkungkung; bound by regulations, by some object . bound hand and foot by a mass of te lo keras; hard . regulations . teui � constipation . Syn. tepeket undang-undang . te lsib VB . terselip; slipped, tekutjea terlepas , tanggal ; to slipped out of place , misplaced . loose one ' s grip , to let go one 's hold . Syn. tegutjea. telsid 1. di tindas; squashed. 2. membuka kepala zakar; action tel ambua VB. terbuang; cast away . of an uncircumcised child in Syn. tekuang L. pushing its glans penis out . te lang sedjenis bambu ; a variety Syn. ten i ndeus . of bamboo . te lu' sudut, podjok; corner, angle . telanjang seban�sa umbi ; a variety Syn. suduet. of cassava . telun air terdjun ; a waterfall, te l anjua terlandjur, terdorong; a cascade . Syn. tj u'up. driven , forced. temakeup menangkap; to catch . te las teras; the centre and hardest semendo � burung tebang part of a tree trunk . Cf. tlas. see semendo. telat mod. (D. te laat) terlamba t, temanang mandul ; sterile, barren , ka sip; too late , late . childless . � imeuw VB . sterile Syn. tetjendo '. after having had one child only (based on a belief that a tigress te lating tepelanting, dibuang, can bear a cub once only) . ditolak; cast away , rejected . Syn. mandoa . Syn. tepet i ng . tamaneum menanam, tanam; to plant . tele' terbalik tanpa sengadja ; something worn or turned inside out tem'ang menerangkan; to inform , to unintentionally or inadver tently . make known . � aseun to make badjauneu � he has his shirt on known a decision or an agreement. inside out. tema 'o' menegur; to hail, to repri- tel egeu ' VB . bertahak; to burp . mand . � mnea ' to greet or hail Syn. kesedau , selgeu '. a visitor . tel eng tampah, njiru; a paddy-husking temapea menampar, menempeleng; sieve. slap , whack , beat . Syn. tepu ', tepo' . telepo ' duduk bersingsing; to sit with one 's legs to the side , the temaso' mema sang atau memasukkan opposite of besilo. Syn. tekipo' . sesuatu kedalam tanah ; to strike an object into the ground . te leta ' M. � VB . see teleto ' Syn . senseum . teleto ' terletak; laid down , lying temat tamma t, selesai ; completed , down . Syn. teleta ' M. �VB. finished , ended . teleun (cf. meneleun) telan , menelan ; tembang-tembang sebagai , seperti ; to swallow. as , like. Syn. ulu-ulu. 119 temdo' tjempedak hutan; a forest tally or otherwise it is believed fruit tree . to cause the eruption of boils on the buttocks ; � um a fragrant temea ' rendah; low. variety of marrow . Syn. nua . Ant. lekat . tenebea (invol. of menjebea) temeus tjemas; frustrated , tersebar, tertabur, terserak; disappointed, feeling ire , angry . diffused , broadcast, spread out . temnus melsi t, membuang ingus ; to binija' � to sow seed , broadcast. clean the nose by pressing each teneui perut; stomach . nostril in turn with the finger of the left hand and blowing out tengango ternganga , terbuka ; open , the mucus onto the ground . uncovered , exposed . Syn. tenus . tengea ' tengah; middle , centre, temot duduk; to sit. � ba please central . s � half . sit down ; � bes ilo to sit with tengi ' apak , tengik, bau busuk; legs crossed, being the correct stale . Syn. apa ' mod. , saneut. posture at formal gatherings , at the mosque and at feasts; tengit merintih, mengaduh; an � bes ipua ' to sit with legs to expression of pain on the face , one side , a correct and polite a mouth distorted with pain . posture for women ; � be tjakung ten imbu ' VB . memandikan baji ; to to sit on one 's haunches; bath a baby . Syn. timbu ' L. � djeketot to sit with one leg bent; � me geup ketot to sit ten i ndeus di tindas; squashed . holding the legs crossed ; Syn. te 1 sid. � me letot to kneel on one knee . ten i ngang tertimpah; to be struck temteui meni ti ; to cross a bridge by a falling object , to be struck consisting of a bamboo pole, or by a missile . a single log or plank . tenong air tenang; a slow current, temto ' memotong; to cut. calm water . Ant. de 'eus . temtua ' menetak, memo tong (kaju) ; tenu' ija' dibelah, terbuka ; to hew, to chop. incised, cut open . temua ' 1. tumbuh; to grow . tenumis di tumis; cooked without 2. kena tjatjar; to be struck with spices, plain boiled , or braised . smallpox (a euphemism) . tenung be � meramal , menudjum, temungit terbalik, sungsang, menenung; divine , prophesy . di tunggit; upside down , standing tenus membuang inqus, melsi t; to on its head . clean the nose by pressing each tenangeuw wa lang sangi t; a paddy nostril alternately and blowing stalk-borer . Syn. pijanggang . hard . Syn.- temnus . tendeui tangga bambu ; a single te 'o' peduli , ambi l pusing, memper­ bamboo pole ladder , used to collect ha tikan; to care , to be concerned . aren juice. tjoa si � he does not care , he is unperturbed , he is unruffled . tendeum tenggelam, terendam; sunk , soaked . Syn. tegeleum , karem. tep 1. tjubi t, djepi t, api t; to pinch. tendo ' labu , kundur; a large tradi­ 2. di tjuri , diambi l; taken , tional vegetable marrow . � panjang stolen . a variety of � the consumption of which is taboo , if eaten acciden- tepakua ' lumpuh; paralysed . 120

tepanda ' tak mungkin; impossible, mango tree and fruit of exception­ out of the question. Syn. panda '. ally delicate flavour . tegulai � a species of minature tes fruit. tepa rat VB. keparat, kualat; pro­ hibition on mentioning name of tetawa i tertawa , tergelak; to laugh . parent-in-law or sibling-in-law . Syn. te teng it, tege 1 a " tebagea ' , Syn. keparat L. , tjoa be l ahan . teka rak, tegagea . tepasu' see tekembu' tetegong (invol. of megong) terpegang; gripped , grasped tepatjoa keguguran; a miscarriage (unintentionally or involuntarily) . (of the foetus before it is three Syn. tepegong . months old) . Syn. buangan. tetengit tertawa , tergelak; to tepe (imp. of menepe ) 1. tempel !; laugh , to squirm. affix ! Syn. tetawa i, tegela', tebagea ', 2. tapal ; a Redjang herbal teka rak. compress. Syn. tapea . tetjendo' terlambat, kasip; too tepedjeum terpedjam , memutup mata; late , late . Syn. te lat. with closed eyes, eyes shut tight , screwed up eyes as a result of tetj u' tertikam; pierced or stabbed tasting something very sour . by a sharp instrument. Ant. teb 1 i ' . Syn. tikeum . tepegong terpegang; gripped , tetukup tertelungkup; to sleep face grasped unintentionally. or trunk facing downwards . Syn . tetegong. tetupea ' tumpah; accidentally tepeket undang2 terikat oleh spilled . pera turan atau undang2; bound by teu see iteu . regulations . Syn. tekukung. teui tai , kotoran; excreta , excre­ tepet ing terpelanting, dibuang; ment , dung . � kebeuw buffalo cast away , rejected . dung; � glong see glong ; � jung Syn. te l a tin9 . nasal mucus, snot; � ti 'u' aural tepo ' tampar, tempeleng; slap, beat , wax ; � telo constipated , consti­ whack . Syn. tepu', temapea . pation. tept is tersumba t, tertahan; blocked , te 'us bening, djernih, terang; stopped. clear , crystal clear . te ' ang � absolutely clear ; gu ' eum � tepu' menampar, menempeleng; slap, dysentery . beat , whack . Syn. tepo', temapea . tia' bapak , ajah; father. tepuea VB . bosan, djemu ; overeaten , � ku my father; � I'il I'il 's blase , bored. Syn. djemau L. father; Tia' Ke teko , Tia' Ke ti 'ea tepuja' see tepujo' ancient Redjang warriors; Tia' Pandia Father Simpleton , tepujo' tempujak; a dish made of a favourite character of many di 'eun fruit, fermented and mixed Redjang folktales . with fish , it is the chief lapeun when di 'eun is in season . ti 'ai tiri ; step- (parent or child) . ana ' � a stepchild; bapo ' � a terkas perkakas; goods, accoutre­ stepfather; indo ' � a stepmother; ments . Syn. pekakas, keratjo'. daweun � a broad-leaved forest terkuneun sedjeni s burung; a bird. plant , used as a wrapper for food . ano ' � smaneu i a stepson ; ano' � tes sedjenis mangga hutan; a forest slaweui a stepdaughter. 121

tiang tiang, tjagak; a house pile, tikon teko ; a porcelain or china a pillar . Dj ang � pat Redj ang teapot or coffeepot . society, the four pillars of tikus tikus; mouse , rat . Redjang society, being the four basic clans Bemanai, Djikalang , tilai tali ; string , cord , twine , Slupua , Tubeui . � umea ' a house rope . � sa i a bird-scaring rope pile , a house pillar . in a paddy field; � posok the navel cord , umbilical cord . tiangpun pojang-pojang dan keturun­ Syn. t i 10i . annja ; one's non-agnatic kinsmen of the fourth and fifth ascending tiloa see tilua. generations and their descendants . til0 i M. see til a i . tiat ing anting2 ; a long , dangling tilu' ikan tiluk; a river fish. earring. Syn. tingat ing. tilua berbi tjara seperti anak tibeun wi ssel , kontraprestasi ; a contra-payment, an exchange ketjil, tilur, berbi tjara dengan tidak benar; to speak incorrectly, payment, a bill of exchange . to speak with a burr, baby talk . tidua tidur; to sleep . Syn. t i loa UB. ti 'ea' sisa ; remains , remnant . timbang menimbang; to weigh. � pluru to weigh bullets, a tieup tiap; each , every . magical action of a hunter who Syn. tip ku. holds his bullets in his hands , ti 'euw djamur , tjendawan; a mushroom . as though weighing them , before � be rangan a poisonous mushroom ; loading his rifle or shotgun. gondo ' � mushroom spawn . timbo timba ; a bucket , a bathing Varieties of edible mushroom : bucket. � dadija', � glang , � kebebe , � kl i " � lalang, � mies, � monok, timboa (imp. of men imboal timbul ; � niowa , � put ija', � seket , appear . � su 'eut , � tikus. timbu ' memandikan baji ; to bathe a tigeus 1. memotong, mema tahkan; to baby . Syn. ten i mbu ' . cut , to sever . timea ' timah; tin . asai � tendeum 2. memantjung; to behead , to Zit. like soaked tin, fig . very guillotine . old. tiging m�r�ng, tidak ra ta ; at an timo (imp. of ten imol terima ; angle , imbalanced , not level . receive . tijung burung tiung, beo ; a parrot. timos mod. termos ; a thermos , a tikeum (imp. of men ikeuml tikam! ; vacuum flask . stab ! Syn. tetju' . tingat ing anting2 ; earrings . tikeut sedjenis pohon ; a forest tree , Syn. t i at i n 9 . this is one of the trees which may tingea tinggal; 1. to stay , to be nursed to become a sialang q. v. dwell , to live . Its milky sap is a source of domes­ 2. to leave behind. tic latex , used for repairing torn umea ' a dwelling house, a home . clothes and trapping birds . � pass . ten i ngea left, left behind , tikis tjatjad; limp , a clubfooted deserted . person . tingeut ingat; remember . tiko teko; an enamel coffeepot. tjoa � forget . Syn. tikon . 122

tingija tenggeran ; a perch . titis VB. usus; intestine (s). � monok a fowl perch . � lai large intestine ; � titi I small intestine; tinit kura2 ketjil ; a variety of Syn. tneui u'ai L. tortoise , smaller than a beneng. I ti l U telinga , kuping; ear . tip ku. tiap; each , every . S � deaf , hard of hearing . �-� every . Syn. ti leup. I ti US runtjing; sharp , pointed . tipai sedjenis ikan; a fish. Syn. t i pus , taj is, men i I us , According to Kubu belief, accepted I 1 utj u . by the Redjang dukuens , this fish is a remedy for the treatment of tja I. aksara kesepuluh dalam beri-beri. abdjad Redjang; the tenth letter of the Redjang syllabary . tipe sebangsa djuada , tapai ; a type of sweetmeat . tja II. VB . terikat; wrapped. � uba i � of cassava ; � das style of wearing a sarong � po i pulut � of glutinous rice ; tied over the upper abdomen; � put ija' � of coconut, garlic, � pingang wearing a sarong or onions and salt; � gel ama i � of bathing cloth around the waist. rice , oil, coconut and sugar . Syn . ke tjo, ketja tipus meruntjing, makin runtjing tjabe tjabai ; chilli, chillies . kebagian udjungnja ; the nearer the tjabo ' tjambuk , pet jut; a lash, extremity the smaller it becomes. I I a whip . me � to lash, to beat, Syn. ti US, tajus, men i US, lutju'. to whip ; ne � lashed, beaten , tirau roh nenek mojang, nenek whipped. mojang; an ancestral spirit, tjado ' VB . djulukan; a nickname , another name for the gugua l slave a familiar name . Syn. djolok. ancestor who was caught after she kept spying on men cutting timber tjagak tempa t dari bambu untuk in the jungle, and attempting to oOOr atau penerangan; a wooden copy them by using their tools in or bamboo container for a resin

their absence . When she was caught, torch . Syn. togo l . trapped through her own foolishness tja'i 1. kalah dalam perlombaan in trying on nooses , she was taken menanam padi ; the loser in a rice­ home to the village and kept tied planting contest. up under the kitchen ga lang . There 2. sobek; torn , ripped . she was watered daily until her I I Syn. sora , SU O • excess body hair fell away and she resembled a person , only stronger tjaka ' punggung, pantat; buttocks , and more beautiful than ordinary rump . Syn . pinging. human beings . Her descendants are tjakea ' bertjagak , bertjabang dua ; to be found at Mubai village in a forked branch , a fork . Bemanai near Tes. tjaker tjangkir; a cup . tiris 1. haid; a vaginal discharge , menstruation . tjakeup tjakap , tangkas; able , 2. OOtjor , tiris; a leak . Syn. mi 'is. adroit, skilled , competent .

I Syn. patjo', djeleup . titi 1. ketjil; small, little , minature . tjaki I anjaman jang djarang, 2. anak ketjil; a child, a babe , an susunan jang djarang; widely infant; o l on � see olon; setom � spaced , broad , loosely woven. see setom; � ateu i cowardly. tjaking mengambil dengan tegas; ti 'ti' tetes; a drop . to grasp , to take firmly. � udjeun a raindrop . Syn. tjenitep . 123 tjaki ngan sesuatu jang di ambi l settle with their wives ' families . atau di tjuri , pemberian asal Syn. mengetj ibea . dari tjurian; something grasped , tjangkebirau ka tjau, ribut; a stolen gift . monok � the confused , disordered . customary right of a bride 's kinsmen to steal a fowl from the tjangkring VB . sedjenis pohon ; house or village of the man who a forest tree , sometimes trans­ has eloped with her or taken her planted and propagated as a live off by capture . Syn. pebo . fence , and to shade coffee bushes. Syn. tjekr i ng . tjaktjaweu i VB . sedjenis burung; a forest bird. Syn. saweu i . tjangkunan sedjenis burung; a bird, similar to a dove . tjaku ' tjangkokan ; oculated , Syn. terkuneun . grafted. tjangkwa 1. dekak2 ; abacus . tjakung menongkrong; squatting, 2. burung rua2; a white-breasted in a squatting posture . me � waterhen (Amaurornis phoenieurus to squat . Syn. mentjugu '. ehinensisJ. Varieties of � : tjalak tjantik; beautiful . � mi lea', � putija', � uri '. Syn . ba 'eus, bekeno. Syn. tjekwo . tjaleun VB . kandji , tjabul , nakal ; tjangogo melompa t, melompa ti ; to lustful , lecherous , mischievous , hop . naughty . � bibija to speak tja 'o tjara , ta tatertib; way , rudely, to speak obscenely, to be style , fashion , manner . � Djang obscene . Syn. gedu ', tjaleuw. in the Redjang manner; � mna 'o tjal i' burung tjalik, burung pipi t; in the old way , in the manner of a forest bird . the past . Syn. adat, ket ipan . tjalu' mod. trasi ; decomposed shrimp tjapa i sedjeni s rumput untuk oba t or sea fish . Syn. blat jan. selesma ; a weed used as a drug for treating colds and influenza tjalup terbenam dilumpur , dja tuh in infants . kelumpur; sink into mud , slip into mud . tjapang tjabang , garpu; a fork , forked . tjameui sedjenis tanaman; 1. a forest liana , providing a fruit tjapua tjampur, bersetubuh; to mix , which is similar to betel. associate , have intercourse , 2. the root of a � which is used copulate . � tikea sexual inter­ for fumigation or is burned in course . fields to drive off animal pests . tjapung tangkai djagung; the stalk tjandau tjandu , madat; opium . of a corn cob . � niowa epidermis Syn. pijun. of coconut pith . tjang belah, petjah; split, divided . tjarang tjabang; a branch. � labu di banju like cutting water tja rup in two , a metaphor which refers to gotong rojong untuk me lajani seorang pasirah; a col lective the transitory effects of a family working party . tjenarup to work quarrel. collectively in a � . tjangingit berdjengket; to walk on Syn. tj u rup. tiptoe . tjating tjanting; a cupful , a tjangkeb iar menjebar, sebar; to measure . disperse , to spread out , said of tjatj ang tanduk jang tidak bertja­ sons who marry semendo an and bang; unforked horns . 124

tjatjeut tjatjad; to limp . 2. sema tjam guna-guna ; a charm to Syn. i 1 eut. upset something tnat has been arranged , a charm to frustrate . tjatj i uang; money, lucre . � selek compensation paid by a tjekong tjekung, rendah; curved , girl to a boy to whom she has been low , cupped , hollow . papea � formally betrothed or pledged by hollow cheeks ; mata i � hollow , her parents and whom she now deep-set eyes . Syn . nua . rejects in favour of a fiance of tjeko 'on djamban; a cesspool , her own choice . The money is to specifically the kitchen waste compensate him for his sense of and latrine puddle on the ground embarrassment. The traditional below the kitchen of a Redjang amount paid was three rials , this house. It is usually covered with was equated to Rp . 350 in 1961 . flies, has an offensive smell and Syn. tatj i VB . is a source of infection . In the tjatu' paruh; a beak . � burung past the village authorities a pickaxe. Syn. tu' . ordered the � puddles to be covered with dry sand , especially tjatum I. terkantjing; buttoned , during droughts . buttoned up . Sy n. biowa bega 'ang . Syn. katup, tekatj ing. tjekopot beras menir, beras lukut; tja tum II . the sound of something crushed rice. falling, as a durian fruit from a tree . tjekring sedjenis pohon ; a forest tree . Syn. tjangkring. tjaweut tjawat; underpants, briefs . tjekua kentjur; (Curcuma zedoaria) tje 'et sering, kerapkali ; frequent , a herb used in cooking . often . mising � diarrhoea . tjekung kerongkongan; throat. tjegoi SR. see tj igai. Syn. kung . tjeh ah; oh , ah . tjekus menekek; to knock ,or rap a tje' itje permainan , main2; 1. a game , person 's head . a child 's game , a toy . tjelako 1. tjelaka ; an accident , 2. the children 's game of 'house­ a misfortune . house ' . 2. tjatjad; crippled, lame . Syn. jam-jam. tjel i' membuka mata ; to open the tjeka ' berselisih; to quarrel , to eyes . Ant. medjeum. fight . � blea' to fight and quarrel . tjelo 1. djahat, buruk; evil, bad . 2. tjatjad; crippled , lame . tjekea bekerdja serampangan , tidak Syn. kide', tjatj eut . hati2; to work carelessly , to work in a slapdash fashion. tjeme 'e mentjemooh , mengedjek, mentjela; to insult , to ridicule , tjekia' tjengkeh; a clove tree , to scorn . cloves (in general sense) . Syn. mengimo', mentjelo. bunga i � cloves; bua ' � the enlarged or outgrown clove fruit tjemibea ha. menjebar benih, preserved for seed ; um � the menjerakkan; to sow seed, broad­ scent of cloves; minjo' � oil of cast . Syn. smi rea, smiro' . cloves. tjemo'o menghina , mentjela, tjeko 1. sedjenis burung; a variety men tjemooh ; degrading, infra dig. of bird. Syn. nimo' . 125

tjemut kurang lengkap , kurang tjepuet 1. setelah, sesudah; when. pandjang; inadequate , not long 2. tali jang kurang pandjang, enough . Ant. tjeput . atau pendek; short length, a string whose length is just insuf­ tjenara i di tjari ; sought , looked ficient for . Syn. nsoa . to tie a parcel or tie around two objects. Syn. saj uep . tjendang berunang ketjil, bakul ; tjeput tjukupan , pas sekali ; just a carrying basket of larger size enough , to fit exactly . than a bokoa q. V. It is used for Syn. tjepuet . Ant. tjemut . domestic purposes and for rice harvesting. Children learn to tjerano UB . tjerana , tempa t sirih; carry loads by first using the '\, . betel-nut container . Syn. penjedang . Syn. lenggwa i, legua i UB. , bokoa ibeun L. tjendo perlahan, lamba t; slow, tardy . '\, - '\, slowly , gradually, tjerenge nakai , lutju; funny , little by little. amusing. Syn. goj o. Ant. gatjang , djelas. Syn. tj utjeuw, serenge, nakea . tjengea 1. sedjenis pohon ; a forest tjerewet rewel ; upset, fretting . tree . tjergong lubang didjalan; a pot­ 2. gi gi jang tidak rata , atau hole , a hole or gully in a road . menondjol ; a proj ecting tooth , Syn. leko' . an uneven tooth . Syn. tjengea. tjerian nafkah, pentjaharian; a living, a livelihood , an income . tjen imet ditjibir; snubbed, ridiculed , mocked at. tjerkong bengkak; swollen, bloated . mata i '\, swollen eyes , after tjeni tok di tanduk; butted, rammed crying or having been stung by by a horned animal. mentj itok a bee or wasp . Syn . mbeko '. to ram or butt with horns (as a

buffalo) • tjerwi mod. tjerewet, usil; to stir up trouble , to chall enge . tjentjong 1. rantai ; chain, lead . Syn. i'at. 2. tjintjang; chopped , diced. tjeteng mod. pendjagaan , dinas tjentj u' di tusuk; threaded, djaga , tjenteng; guard duty . skewered. tjetju' di tusuk ; pierced , stabbed . tjepalo I. ikan sawah; a paddy fish . Syn. tudjo' . tjepa lo II . tingkah laku jang tidak tj idai sakti ; having magical power. senonoh; improper or tabooed Sy n. sidai , saktai . behaviour , for which an adat fine is payable. '\, mulut faux pas . tj ido sedjenis penjakit; an illness or disease characterised by poor tjepang 1. tidak kelihatan; not overall body health , a sensation visible, out of sight. of weakness and visible signs of 2. lari kotjar ka tjir, lari kesana loss of weight and wasting away . sini ; to run away in opposite di­ It is probably tuberculosis. rections. There are many cures for it, tjepea bakal djatuh , mudah djatuh; including a potion made of honey , about to fall, placed in an over­ eggs and other ingredients . In hanging position and likely to olden times it was cured by fall. Syn. tjumea . ngesep ngen ngus , the dukun suck­ ing the demon responsible for the tj epea pakaian kotor ; soiled clothing, disease from the patient 's mouth . dirty clothes. Syn. kumea, gumo'. 126 tj ieup betjek, berlumpur; muddy. � mnga 'eum proof of impregnation

pito' � boggy earth, a bog ; (in lawsuits) • da 1eun � a muddy road or path; 1ateut � a muddy village square . tj i peuw mentjari sesua tu jang sa lah di tempa tkan ; to search for a mis­ Syn. 1 u1 u' . placed object. tj iga i selesai , habis; enough , tj it I. VB. kain, bahan ; material, ended , complete (d) , finish (ed) . Syn. tj igoi , tjegoi . cloth. � badjau shirting. Syn. tj ita L. tj igo' monjet; monkey. tj it II. VB . beraneka wa rna , tj igoi M. see tj igai. matjam2 ; coloured, multicoloured . ta1eus � a type of (inedible) tj ika' tupai , badjing; squirrel . cassava; gad ing � mottled ivory . tj ikang berdiri dengan kaki didja- tj ita see tj it I. rangkan; to stand with legs apart. tj i to tjinta ; to love . � - � hope , tj ikau tjengka u, pedagang ketjil; ambition , ideal . petty trade . Syn . tj i ngkau . tj i tong tjentong; sendok nasi ; tj iket pi ntjang, timpang; to limp . wooden rice spoon or server . tj i k i a' see tj ek i a ' . tjoa tidak, bukan; no , not . tj ikong tjatjad (tangan) ; a frac­ uku � 10' be1e' igai � I shall tured arm , limp , lame . never return again . tj ikot-tj ikot tjatjad , pintjang; tjo10' tjolok lailatul kadar; a lame , limp . Syn. i kot-i kot . candelabra , lit in a mosque or in houses on the ma 1 eum tudj ua ' tj i1a berdiri dengan salah sa tu 1ikua , the twenty-seventh night kaki dinaikkan ; standing with one of Ramadhan month , i.e. 1ai 1atu1 leg raised. me � to stand rais­ kadar. ing a leg, to raise a leg, to sleep with crossed legs . tjong hantjur, digerogoti tikus; destroyed , gnawed by a mouse or tj i1u t tjuri !; steal ! men � to rat . steal small things; tjeni1ut to be the victim of petty theft; tjongong membeliakkan mata , pe � a petty thief . tertjengang; to stare , to gaze , to scrutinise . tj imet mentjibir; put out a lower lip, express pride or arrogance . tjopot I. disetudjui ; agreed , men � to stick out a lower lip, unanimously agreed . to express arrogance ; tjenimet tjopot II. beras menir; crushed to be the object of another 's rice . arrogance , to be snubbed by some­ one , to be ridiculed . tjotjor muJut teko ; a spout . Syn. tu' tikon, ngus tikon . tj indu1 tjendol ; 1. the cooked fruit (bua ' b1u1u' q. v. ) of the aren palm . tjotom-tjotom 1. berderet-deret 2. a beverage of coconut water and (tanaman padi) ; planted properly sugar . in rows (refers to rice planting) . 2. semua ; all, alto�ether . tj i ngkau mod. VB. pedagang ketjil, Syn. djadj ua ha ., 1 e ' e t ka. tjengkau; petty trade . Syn. tj ikau. tjubo tjoba ; to try . �-� to attempt , to essay, to probe . tj io bukti ; proof, legal evidence . Syn. penemau . 127 tju'eui siram; imp . water !, spray ripe maize cob ; � naga i the with liquid ! golden outcrop on the head of a Aot. men � to water , to spray large snake or dragon . with liquid . tj umea bakal djatuh , mudah djatuh , Invol. te � watered or sprayed njaris dja tuh; about to fall, an unintentionally. object placed over an edge or tjugu' timbunan , tumpukan; a heap , corner so that it may easily fall a pile . men � to sit in a squat­ down . Syn. tjepea . ting position on the haunches; tj umeng sumbing; a harelip , the tjatj i � a customary payment by name of a child born with a the bridegroom 's representative or harelip . According to Redjang guardian to the bride 's at a tradition , a harelip is the marriage contract parley. Syn. tjakung. result of the child 's father being cruel to an animal during tju' i 1 see mtju' i I. the child 's gestation . Syn. sumbing, siwija' ku. tj ukap 1. bukulah (mulut) ; open (your mouth) . tjupau tjupau, takaran; a small 2. menangi s; to cry. basket of woven se ' i bamboo , used me � to open one 's mouth wide chiefly for planting seed rice in (as a crocodile) . upland rice fields , a standard measure of volume ; a snuffbox , a tj ukea 1. tjungkil; extract , remove a particle. tobacco tin. � gad ing an ivory box , mentioned 2. suntikan ; vaccination, inocu­ lation. in the tale of Mas Deman . Syn. tj upo 1 • me � to extract , to remove a small object or particle (as food from tj upi baji perempuan ; a baby till teeth) . it is given a name , or until it is taken to water . Syn. pi . tj ukeui tjukai , padjak; tax , excise duty . tjupo ' see tjupau. tjuko tjuka ; vinegar , made from tjurup gotong-rojong untuk membantu aren sap or sugarcane juice . seorang pasirah; a collective work-party consisting theoreti­ tjukua tjukur; to shave . cally of all the able-bodied � bu ' luno' to shave one 's face ; adult men in a marga , to till, � gonong to shave one 's head , to plant , weed or harvest the shave off all one 's hair . field (s) of a pesirea ' q.v. tjulang-tjal ing morak-marik, ka tjau Syn . tja rup . ba lau , ku tjar katjir; topsy-turvy , tjuter djumbai ; a loose end , an confused . additional strand , a tassel . tj ulau destar; a cloth of tradi­ ke � tasselled ; uter-uter a tional Redjang weave (replaced long strand , a long tassel. nowadays by a length of Palembang tjutjeup sedjenis burung; a long­ songket or Javanese batik) which beaked forest bird . constitutes part of the bride­ price , together with the se lpea' tjutjeuw lutju, nakal ; funny , in Lebong. naughty , mischievous . Syn. serenge , tjerenge . tjulo tjula; a horn, especially of a rhinoceros . � djagung the hairy tjutj ia djatuh (barang-barang) ; tussle at the pointed end of a to fall (inanimate objects) . 128

tjutjung mod. tjutju; a grandchild , tlo' bambu untuk menjimpan makanan husband of one 's grand-daughter . atau tembaka u; a bamboo vessel Syn. kepau. for keeping food or tobacco , a storage bamboo . tj u'up air terdjun ; a waterfall . Syn. te l un . tlodjo' terlandjur; irretrievable , impossible to return , irrecover­ Tj u'up 1. Tjurup , the capital of able . the Redjang-Lebong regency. 2. The name of a plantation area tlumbo luar biasa , lain dari pada near Aur Gading in the Palik Marga . jang lain, istimewa ; exceptional, extraordinary . � djako out­ tklabang digaruk; scratched . standing, very extraordinary, Syn. tbabo, tkluje', tkleseng, marvellous . tklosong, tklajo', tklupeus. tlung � pit sedjenis toma t asli; tklajo' see tklabang. the native variety of tomato , tkleseng see tklabang usually small and sour . � med irah a non-edible berry . tklosong see tklabang tma leun di tahan; arrested , held . tkluje' see tklabang tmandeun VB. diikat; tethered , tklupeus see tklabang tied . tlan tulang; bone . � bubung tmangeun pukul , memukul ; to slap, rafters; � kedong backbone ; to strike . � saka i haunchbone ; � dado rib(s) ; � stewea breastbone ; tmanggeun suka betul ; infatuated . � usul rib(s) ; � sruba i S. tjoa � disenchanted , disinclined, coccyx . reluctant . tlanjang keladi , talas; a root tmbo ' rusak; broken , destroyed . plant. tmo l musim ikan ber telur; a fish­ t I apa I see t 1 apo I breeding season . tlapin telampin; the accidental or tmotoa ikut, mengikuti ; to follow , unintentional poisoning of a person accompany . by poison intended for someone else. tmupang menumpang; to stay with , tlapo ' telapak; palm . to live with, to join. � tangeun palm of hand ; � kekea tnabau menimbun , menutupi ; to cover , sole of foot. to shield , to shade . tlas teras; a hardwood timber , used tnambea I (pass. of menambea I for house piles and posts , the ) di tambah; increased , added , heart of a tree trunk , the hardest augmented . and strongest timber. Cf. telas. Other var ieties of �: � metapang tneui perut; stomach , belly , lower kidi ', � ge l upang butau, � katjang , abdomen . � gije s a stomach-ache , � t emleus, � semalo, � mdang sak a . a painful stomach ; � lai pregnant , a corpulent stomach . tlau tiga ; three . � ki lai thrice ; � pulua' thirty; � otos three tngango l terbuka , ternganga ; open , hundred . to fly open , to open of its own accord . kemdan 0 � the window tleun telan; swallow. opened (blown by a breeze or win d). tlo keras; hard , brittle . tngen kapan , bi lamana ; when . 129 tngut sebel um , sampai; before , tomot duduk bertumpang dagu ; to previous. tjoa � unrealised , sit with chin rested on hand . before time . Syn. betomot UB . tnimang menimang; to rock . ton padi jang belum didjemur; cut but undried paddy with the stalk tn imbang di timba ng; weighed . removed . mlak � to dry paddy , tnoa telur; an egg. � kan fish prior to milling. roes; tebau � a variety of sugar tong I. sedjenis pohon ; a forest cane , used as a vegetable; tree . � ko l the head of a cauliflower ; � monok a hen 's egg. tong II. gentong, drum; a drum (container) . tnotoa (pass. of tmotoa) disusul , tersusul; followed , pursued , tongon damar; resin, dammar. accompanied. � kepa l0 tupeui a forest resin used chiefly as a fuel for lamps tnu' tapir, tenuk; tapir (Tapirus and torches; � klulut as above , indicus) . used also as a medicament for tnukua dibeli; bought . superficial body wounds; � put ija' resin of the planted to ' 1. sepotong, sekerat; a piece , dammar tree , produced for commer­ a section, a cutting. cial purposes as a cash crop . 2. retak; cracked , but not broken . topoa tump ul ; blunt , without feel­ toa bara api ; a glowing ember. ing. ateui neu bi � his heart is tobat mod. toba t; to reform, to blunt , he is almost lifeless, he cease evil works. is dull. Syn. podoa, pu'au. Syn. dje 'o. topos pohon tapus; a hardwood tobo famili , kelompok keluarga , forest tree . klik; a clique , a family circle. Topos suatu kampung didaerah togo' batang atau tiang untuk obor Lebong; an old village in Bemanai atau penerangan; a wooden torch Djurukalang Marga , Lebong . to hold resin. Syn . tjagak. tot tonggak; the stump of a tree . toi ba marilah; let us , come let us , totoa (imp. of menotoa) turut! , an imprecatory expression. ikut! ; 1. accompany, go with . tokot tongkat; a stick , walking­ 2. obey , heed . stick . � tuai a customary tpa ' see tpo' . payment (Rp. 100 ,- in 1962) made by the wa lai of a prospective tpalea UB . tidak bertanggung bride to the ginde of her village djawab; fickle , irresponsible , in order to notify him formally easily disillusioned . of her intention to marry ; tpe ' tepat; -accurate , exact (aim) . � umea' a scaffold support for a collapsing wall; � tjemtju' matai tpo ' 1. tebing; steep. a friend who turns out to be an 2. tempeleng, tampar; strike enemy ; � smambau a sacred walking­ (imp. of menepo'). stick , often carrying incised trai mod. EEIC . mentjoba ; to try , Redjang script spells. to attempt . tombor UB. pipa si garet; a cigarette trupea ' terompah; (wooden) clogs . holder. Syn. utju'i L. 130 tu' I. paruh , djungur; beak . hat of pandan leaves, worn by Syn. tjatu'. women when in the rice fields ; � aneum a hat of woven bamboo ; tu' II. kemenakan; nephew, niece . � gudang a felt hat , a trilby ; tua ' I. selagi ; as much as there � meui a food cover , made of is, all that remains . rattan; � bu l uwa ' a bamboo hat. � gi ade kmbu' ba eat up all tuen orang; that there is. a person , a human being. af. tun . tua' II. menjuapi anak ketjil; to tugang sedjenis ajam hutan; a feed a baby . pheasant . tu'ai sedjenis pohon rimba ; a tugea tugal; a dibbler used mainly species of forest tree. � bal eut for planting. a sp ecies of above , root of which is used as a fish bait and a hunt­ tukang tukang , ahli; a special ist, ing poison ; � uba i the 'cassava ' a craftsman , an art isan . adat � variety of the above . the body of laws and customs relating to contracts made by a tu'au burung balam; a turtledove . � and the regulations which � pikeut a turtledove kept to govern the quality and style of attract mates. his work ; � kijeuw a joiner , a tubeun tuban; an amnion, caul . carpenter; � sawab a sp irit � - � a malady of a child about medium , a dukun . to be born (and which can only be tukau tungku ; three stumps driven treated by a kedura i q.v.); into the ground as a rest for pe tjua ' � the breaking of the giant skillets used in cooking at amniotic fluid in childbirth. feasts . tuda ' see tudo' . tuke ' lepuh jang petjah; a burst tudjau 1. baik, bagus; good , fine , blister . beautiful. tukea I. (invo1-. of mUkea ) 2. maksud , tudjuan ; aim, purpose. terbongkar; dismantled , disrupted. tudjea' 1. tikam; to stab , to tukea II. jakin, pasti ; convinced . pierce (with a sharp weapon) • 2. penjaki t dada ; a chest malady . tukeui tangkai ; handle , stick . � pa i a cut head of paddy ; tudjo' tusuk; pierced, stabbed . � bungai the stalk of a cut Syn. t jetj u' . flower . tudj ua ' tudjuh; seven. � be las tuko ' terbuka ; open , opened. seventeen; � pulua' seventy ; � otos seven hundred; � ribau tuku ' kuduk , tengkuk leher ; nape seven thousand ; � likua twenty­ of the neck . seven. tukua membeli ; to buy , purchase . tudo ' tandan ; 1. a bunch , a hand nukua bought , purchased . (of bananas) . tulan taulan , sahaba t, teman; 2. a stock, a single descent . friend . Syn. kwat. de � one bunch , one hand (of bananas); do � a genealogical tulea' kesalahan , bersalah, stock , common descent . berdosa , kualat; to be in error , Syn. tuda '. to be wrong , mistaken , guilty . tudung topi ; a hat . � tjebeg a tulo' (imp. of menulo') dorong! , soldier 's cap ; � kuang a conical tolak! ; push ! 131

tulung (imp. of menulung) tolong! , 2. menundjuk dengan kesaktian ba ntu!; help! , assist ! atau sihir dengan maksud akan � menulung mutual aid, reciprocal membunuh; to point a finger at aid (being a basic precept of the someone with the purpose of kill­ Redjang social life) . ing him or her by magical means , finger pointing sorcery . tuma i 1. beras huma ; a small variety Supau Tunju' of upland rice . a warrior in the story of Tia ' Keteko , ordered by 2. tuma , kutu; a bug , found usually the King of Lebong to murder Tia ' in unclean clothes . Keteko by �; dj i 'ai � index tumbang djurai , keturunan , sekelompok finger . keraba t, sedarah; a lineage , a tu'oa lumbung padi ; an elevated descent group , a lineage segment , paddy granary . Syn . pe lubua . a kindred . Syn. rojot, dj u'eui , sukau. tupeng 1. petjah ; chipped , dented . 2. digaruk , digores ; scratched , tumbung tergenlintjir keluar, scraped . terlontar; a prolapse. tupeui tupai , badjing; squirrel . tumit tumit; a heel . pa 1 0 � a forest tree ; � - � a tun orang, bangsa ; people , persons. yolk . Syn. tj ika'. � Arab an Arab , Arabs ; � Be l ando tupua runtuh , gugur ; to fall off , a Dutchman , a European , Dutchmen , wither away . Europeans ; � Bumba i an Indian , Indians; � dau the common people, turua ' sebab, alasan; reason, the masses; � Dj ang a Redjang , cause . dj ano �? what is the the Redjang people; � Dj awa i a reason? why? Syn. keturua '. Javanese, the Javanese ; � Ig ris tu'tu' debaran djantung; a heart an Englishman , the English; beat . � dj atung idem. � kide' an evil person , a mis­ creant ; � Ki tjai a Kerintji, the tutum bingkisan, bungkusan ; a Kerintji; � Kl ing a Tamil, the parcel, a package . Tamils; � me ras i Javanese trans­ tu' ua ' taruhan; a bet (in gambling) . migrants in Redjang country; � Mriko an American , Americans ; tu 'un turun ; descend , to go down . � Saweui the Serawai ; � Tj ino keme 10' � ki lea' we wish to a Chinese, the Chinese . take our leave ; kedurai radjo � one of the nine basic dukun tuneus tunas; a bud , a shoot. rituals; � snadjo a useful or tungap 1. lubang; opening of a handy person, a person born to be cavity . of use to mankind; sto � 2. penjaki t hidung; a disease an inherited characteristic , causing dis figuration or ulcer­ a hereditary trait. ation of the nose . tuwa i tua; old . � ni 'eun very tungea 1. sa tu, tunggal ; one , old, aged , senile ; � budj ang single . elder of the unmarried men ; 2. alat kenduri untuk sadji2-an; � gad is elder of the unmarried a ritual-offering stand, used in women; � kutai elder of the kedura i, and made of kapea bamboo . village community ; � dj u'eui , � sukau elder of the village tungua dilempar dengan ba tu besar; patri1ineage . struck by a rock . tuweui ani -ani ; a paddy-harvesting tunju' 1. menundjuk dengan djari ; knife . to point , to indicate. 132

u udj ung udjung; end , extremity . ues dja tuh ; to fall. ua ' djauh; far , distant . � ma l eum midnight , far into the ugea ' masa pertumbuhan anak ; a night ; lisia' � ma leum two o'clock stage of a baby 's growth at which in the morning. it is newly able to laugh . ana' 0 bi patjo' � that baby can u'ai muda ; young . mbeui � a young already laugh . mother, a mother in labour , the name of one of the most important ugeuw kotor; dirty , filthy . kedura i, held in order to treat a bu ' � unwashed hair , long , woman experiencing a difficult shaggy hair . labour . Ant. tuwai . ugo ' go jang; unsteady , shaky . uba ' I. ku. pendjara , sel, prison, Syn. unja' . incarceration . ugu ' semak2 ketjil; bushy . Syn. djel mod. u'in ga risan, mi star; a ruler . uba ' II. meng � to spread , to Syn. u' is. extend. uj 0 sekarang, kini ; now , at present . uba i ubi ; generic name for a number of edible roots . � kijeuw cassava, ukeum rukam; a thorny forest tree . manioc (Manihot uti lissima) ; Kuta Ukeum an old village near � sulua sweet potato . Syn. uboi . Tes in Bemanai (Lebong) , regarded as the original settlement of the ubea bahan tjelupan dari kulit ka ju , entire Bemanai bang mego . ubar; a tree bark used to dye and strengthen calico and other ukeus tjatjar; smallpox . materials used for work clothes . ukit tumbang, roboh ; to collapse ubea ' merubah; to change , to alter . (a tree) , to fall down . ext. act. mubea ', pass. nubea ', Syn. buki t. imp . kubea ', invol. tekubea ' , uko i sebab, alasan ; a reason , recipr. skubea '. cause . gen m �? what is the ubeng mod. obeng; a screwdriver . reason? why? ubeut oba t; medicine , drugs , materia uku aku , saja ; I, me . medica. m � to heal , to treat ukua ukuran; a measure , measure­ (a patient) . ment . � ua ' the adjustment ubo bodoh , tolol ; stupid , simp le­ screw on a gun sight . minded, foolish , unschooled . ukua ' buih; froth , foam . Syn. bengo' , i l oa . tun 0 marea ' sapeui kel uea � uboi M. see ubai . that man is so angry , he is foam­ ing at the mouth . ubua ' djatuh, roboh ; to fall down , fallen over . Syn. ues . ulau kepala , hulu; head . � biowa upland , headstream; tun � biowa uda i ma lang; unfortunate , unlucky , the headstream Redjang , used most ill-starred . Syn. rudai. commonly to refer to the Redjang udang udang; shrimp . of the Bukit Barisan foothills facing the sea ; � ke 'is a kris ud i kalian, kamu sekalian; you handle ; � djoa S. penis. (plural) , all of you . ulauba l ang hulubalang; a warrior , udjeun hudjan; rain . � mas, a brave , a king's retainer , a � pane us a monkey 's wedding, highwayman , a brazen and reckless rain during sunshine ; �.ptija outlaw . a rainstorm; � stuang see stuang . 133

ulea' perbua tan , tindakan , umb ing alat penangkap ikan dari pekerdjaan ; a deed , work , an rotan; a cylindrical trap with a action. spring gate for catching slan .

Ulea' Ta lo ku. Allah Taala; God , umbo ' ombak ; a wave. Allah . umbung bimbang, pesta ; a small uleng gontjang, oleng, berajun; feast or celebration , smaller in to shake from side to side . scale, scope and duration that a kedj a i . uleum tangkai padi , ulam padi ; the stalk of paddy from which umbut umbut , putjuk, tunas; a bud . the paddy ears have been detached. umea ' rumah; house , home . uleus 1. rupa , bentuk; shape , form, I\, leum bedroom, virgin 's bedroom, appearance . inner room ; I\, adat an adat house , 2. nampaknja , rupanja; it seems. a house constructed in the tradi­ I\, neu apparently; gen I\, neu ? tional Redjang style; I\, amau a what is its shape? timber store , a timber shack or Syn. peut , betu ', sukeut . hut ; I\, pano ' a womb ; asua ' luea I\, a brother of another house in ul i' ha. 1. bobak , tidur, terlen­ the lineage , a classificatory tang; a term of endearment used brother, a cousin. of a child sleeping on its back . 2. menidurkan anak; to put a undang I. durian setengah masak; child to sleep . unripe durian. k I\, ano'nu! put your child to undang II. peraturan , hukum; law, sleep! ; m I\, to put a child to a rule . sleep . Syn. abam ka . undua ka . pergi lah, keluar dari ul ia' pendapa tan , penghasi lan; sini ; go away, get out, scram . earnings , remuneration. I\, di I\, the adat custom of a ulon lit. ampun ; pardon , prithee , bridegroom who pays a ceremonial mercy. Syn. apun . visit to his bride before the marriage and vice versa . ulu-ulu ku. sebagai , seperti ; as , like . Syn. tembang-tembang. uneun tempa t mandi , pantjuran; bathing place (river or bamboo um I. harum; fragrant , sweet­ shower place) . smelling . uneuw nasi tjampur ubi atau um II. um ; initial term of incan­ djagung, tjampuran; a mixture of tation in certain religious or boiled rice and maize or cassava , ritual invocations . a food served only during periods uma i huma , tegalan , ladang, padang; of famine . a field , a swidden. I\, da ' eut unge r longgar, gojang; loose , not a dry field, an upland field ; tight , shaky . Syn. lungija. I\, sawea ' a paddy field , an irrigated field ; I\, - I\, wherever ungeuw kurang tidur; exhausted, the fruit falls it is the pos­ over-tired from lack of sleep . session of the owner. ungun bara api ; ember , embers . umba r lebar, luas; spacious. I\, opoi embers of a fire, glowing Syn. umbeu i . charcoal, hearth embers; tmunga u I\, opoi to guard the ancestral umbau rimbun ; luxuriant leafage . hearth , to preserve the continuity umbeui lebar, luas; broad , wide . of a family 'S descent and ances­ Syn. umba r. tral residence . Syn. plomon. 134

unja' denjut, gojang; to shake , usak rusak; broken, damaged , to rock . Syn. ugo '. destroyed .

unJal undji ; an uncultivated forest us i' ma in-main; to play .

plant of the puea species used as Syn. begabo ' . a vegetable. us ing pusingi worried , anxious , unjeuw bambu runtjing; a bamboo concerned . spear. � dj a'uwa a spear of Syn. renjeng , rengam. temijang bamboo used in hunting uso rusa i a deer . Syn. ruso. wild pig. usu ' I. busuki bad , rotten , rotted , uno ' 1. duri rotan; a rattan thorn . putrified . dukuet � a variety 2. penangkap ikan; a fishing trap . of weed ; � skoa see skoa . unut bekas; trail, tracks. usu' II . tlan � tulang rusuki upan umpan; bait, food , fodder . rib(s) . � kewea fishing bait. usung usungi carry or bear on upang ompong; toothless. shoulders . me ng � to carry someone or something on the upar lipan , sepesan ; a centipede . Syn . 1 i peun . shoulder (s) . utang hutangi a debt . upas mod. pesuruh; messenger , office boy. utea ' muntahi vomit.

upea ' upah, gadjih; remuneration, uteup ha . kesudahan, penjelesaian i wages , fee . � kuta i the custom­ purpose , end , use . t j oa � with­ ary fee paid by a bridegroom to out end , unavailing , pointless . the headman of a village in order Sy n. penj udo. to legalise his marriage ; � tuwa i the customary fee paid at betrothal utjang 1. buah pelir; testicles . Syn. and marriage parleys by a bride­ butua . groom or his representative to the 2. kantungi a bag, a pouch . � � village elders and lineage heads . badj au a pocket; tjatj i a moneybag . upeut umpa t, fi tnah; to slander , utjeum-utjeum sarapan , santapan i to vilify . � pudjai to vilify to nibble , to eat snacks , to eat and flatter , implying a person light foods (i.e. in contrast to who is not trustworthy . eating rice) , to breakfast . upi istilah panggi lan untuk adik utju' i pipa i a pipe , a cigarette perempuan dari istri ; term of ho lder . tjoa meng � no luck , address for a wife 's younger bad luck , no result. sister (reciprocal is kakeun) . Syn. tombor VB . up i a' pelepah daun pinang, upih; uto ontai "a camel. the base of the pinang leaf used for wrapping rice and as a cover utu ' alu, alat menumbuk i a pestle . for dishes of cooked food . It is utung 1. untungi fortunate , fortu- the only washable leaf which is nately. therefore usable more than once 2. laba i profit . for culinary purposes . � ruga i profit and loss . upua kapur; lime . Ant. 2. r uga i . Syn. 2. labo .

ureng bentuk, rupa ; shape , form . u'ung pulau di tengah sungai i a Syn. uleus. riverine island , a delta . � donok a peninsula. Syn. mbong . 135

u'ut liang peranakan, vagina ; wa lai wa li ; 1. a guardian, a pudenda , vagina . person in loco parentis . Syn. tat a' ka. , s el i t ka. , d j aleu t . 2. (in) hukum sarak the nearest agnatic kinsman who has the duty uweup uwap; steam. to negotiate in the betrothal and uzur mod.Ar. halangan , gangguan ; marriage parleys on behalf of a an obstacle , an impediment . man or woman intending to marry . tjoa ade � there is no obstacle, wa lau wa lau, wa laupun , meskipun ; the way is clear. if, whether. � ade � tjoa whether it exists or not , whether there is some or not .

wa lis lit. orang jang tidak w dikenal , orang asing; a stranger , a person whose name is not known . wa aksara ketudjuhbelas dalam Syn. wa rang . abdjad Redjang; the seventeenth wang uang, ma ta uang; money , a letter in the Redjang syllabary. coin. � bo l ong a Dutch East wa ' uwak, paman tertua dari ajah Indies' five cents coin with a atau ibu ; father 's or mother 's hole in the centre; � Mrika elder brother or sister , uncle , a United States of America gold aunt . dollar coin; � ge lmor an ancient wa ' dang (VB. dan < gedang Beng. gold coin. large , big) uncle , father's elder Syn. tj atj i . brother ; wa ra-wi ri {J.} 1. pedagang ketjil; wa ' tj i (VB. tj i < ketj i' Beng. petty traders, small village little) uncle , father 's younger traders who , whilst still calling brother. Syn. wo '. themselves farmers , produce wadjo I. badja ; steel . nothing. 2. mundar-mandir, kesana -kemari ; wadjo II. wa tak, wa djah, rupa ; to go here and there , to come appearance, look , character. and go . wadon lit. (J. wadon) perempuan ; Syn. 2. mini-minoi , mi lot mde '. a woman . suting � a girl born wa rang ha. orang jang tidak miraculously (sem i dang) . dikenal , orang asing; a stranger, wa hum tidak nampak, jang belum an unknown person , a person whose njata ; not evident, not visible. name is not known . Sy n. wa l is. wa kap hak bersama , wa kaf; a common right , common property . wa ras realistis, njata , ugahari ; sensible , sober , commonsensical, wakea waki l, pedjaba t; deputy , vice, realistic . stand-in , representative . was-was keinginan jang tidak waktau waktu, masa ; time , period , sampai , terhalang; frustrated , age . � Nipon during the Japanese inhibited . occupation of Redjang country (1942-45) . wa tas ba tas; border , boundary . Syn. keta 'ai . wa lahu teriakan wa ktu pengantin datang; a shout of joy to greet a wauwau sedjenis siamang; sort of bride or bridegroom . gibbon {Hy lobates leuciscus }. 136

we ui see wo i wo ' uwak , paman tertua dari bapak atau ibu; father 's or mother 's weun ikan gabus ; a river fish elder brother or sister , uncle , wikan lit. jang akan disebut lagi ; aunt . Syn. wa ' wh ich will be mentioned again. wo i kata seru ka lau terkedjut; an exclamation of surprise or regret . wi rit keturunan ; descent . Syn. weui . Syn. bako. wowo wowo , sedjenis monjet; a monkey .

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SUPPLEMENT

Words found in the dictionary as synonyms or antonyms and in , phrases and sentences , but not having thei r own entries . ... means "see the article ..." abis ( = abies) baleut II : burit abo : mangabo banju : tjang adija : ludo i barang : leket aga i : mtang batang II : sung agung : kedurai batau-batau : imeuw ah1 i asua ' (cf. ihl i) bauwa bul uwa ' akup besai (cf. akubisai?) beda i k ijeuw alas kidjang begero ' ge 'o' Al l ah : 1 uj eun bekenea sebambangan (cf. knea , mnea) ama i III : koko , ma ' eup pu bias amai , ram i bek inol : mdundang ama r nahi be la lepang : potong amau atj un , pnan , umea ' be l ahan : tepa rat ange ' kukau be langija : menje'um anjea embon belas : pat , "tudj ua ' (cf. bias II. ) aweun ma 'ai be lateun (cf. blateun) babo ' lemea be lau = blau II : djabung badj a i : 1 egeuw be 1 i a' (cf. b 1 i a' ) baga i : smobong be l ilija : lating baja : plambang Bemana l : bang (cf. Bemmanai) bak im : rim bemban : ge l pung ba leus : dendeum Bemmana i : Mnana i (cf. Bemana i ) 137

benang tabau dagang : indo ' beneu' lengan dedaron : redu'au

ben ian kedura i dedau : dje 'ija (cf· dau)

berad� setengea ' dan I. : beus , imeuw

berangan : t i 'euw dan II. (i. e. dang?) wa ' be rdoi : memudja i , mengudjai dekajau pedauet ber ipiet saro dekelai lungeun bes ipua ' tekipo, temot dengeun lu'us betekat klambau derimba ' : m�tj�r-utj�r (cf. derimbak) betekoa menjamea II . deteu : gojo (cf. duteu) betje'eui : tando deup ba lua' beto 'o' : menugea (cf· bto'o'o) deut mbun bi bi tamang d�w� med lja' Bimo butau (but Jaspan 1964a pl .5b Bembo) di II . : me ngundua , tjang , undua bing : leko ' dikub : anD' bingin ki jeuw dingin sengo ' biring gadjea ' , monok di peu gi (cf. ipeu) blabua ' : mbun dj agea lakau blad : ku ' ang (cf. blat) dj amboa : kutj it blas II. : dua i (cf. be las) djatan : suting blateun (cf. be l ateun) djeketot : temot blau II. : kutai , me ui , sadeui, djeraming : dukuet sosokan djeun : pa lat (cf. dj�n) bl ia' (cf. be l ia') dj i bit djenibit bl iung : put ing djoloa djodjoa bneu : gebneu djurai dj u'eui bneuw : tebau dno : peut (cf. deno) bol : djambau dong : kabu '-ka bu ', kukau , menung , bola : sipak mipai , muleuw, mumbu ', pe 'u' bripiet : gawea , sundo i dukun = dukuen : gugut bs i : ano' , debat dulang : kedurai bubung tlan duma i djako bu 'ea' pingang gad is tuwa i buku ' : sebeu i ga lai mies bu lu : burit ga lo : spi 'ai buntj is : katjang ganjong : gel pung bu 'uk : keratjo' gedong se 'eui : matai 138 ge 1 ama i : t i pe kato ' : seruea ge l upang : tlas kaweun : pine gemembe kumtea (ct. gememe) kboa : lemau gemeuet kisiet (ct. gemeut) kebebe : t i 'euw gendum : gel pung keboboa : mising ge ri tan : rraje kebuet : gading

' gi' a : gi 0 ke l ada i-alai : bi 'ea' gigi' : bu 1 uwa ' ke l apo : gulo

9 1 ada ' : 1 awang ke l uargo : kaum glang : ti'euw kemso' : biowa grandi panea kemuwat : dje 'ija (ct· kwa t) gudang tudung kenai : keneu gungut bungut kenikis sajo' gun ia : glong (ct. gun i a ' ) kepah iang : kandoa , kape i'i : katjea kepa lo : tongon (ct. tupeui) i di n ket i pan (ct· i dim) kepedi ja' : mete ikan mas ke ras : biowa i la i kan kerdjo : djanj ing, sebambangan i leui sora kerio : depatai, proatin i 1 i ja semad kes i'eup : skitai (i.e. ski lai ?) iman : perdjako kesumat : sumat injeup : kambau ket i b imeum i nj i ' : sung ketja ketjo, tja II. ka ' : ko ' ketjerak : slaweui kaba t kabad ka i 'i' ketuai : stamang kabur paseut k i bang-k i bang : 1 aj ung

' kadeum : nadeum ki 0 : gamang, mateui , msoa kadj ua ' : kembu ' k ira i banam ka i j i t : gulo kleut aseum ka in : put ija' (ct· kaj in) k 1 i' : t i 'euw kaj in : ke 'eut (ct· ka in) kl ing : djambau kambung : nambung kloi : ambo ' kapa ' kapo ' klulut : tongon kapea bul uwa ' , kandoa ko : pisang (perhaps ko II?) katj ing : tebu ' ko l : tnoa 139 kop i : biowa madjea : kadjea , nadjea kranjang : matai magea : klo', mleui , seme rea ' (cf. kagea , mengagea , skagea) knfteng : bu' ma i : kula-kal i (cf. mo i) ksoa II.? : meu i ma in : dj uwit-djuwit ktadau = ketadau mdau makau : kakau kuang : tudung ma lang mudj ua ku ' ea ' : sawo ma lea' nalea' ku ' eut (i.e. kuweut imeun ma l eum 1 is i a' , ua ' kundua : mengundua ma l i' : ka l i ' kun i' : mata i ma l ing ka 1 i ng , mtj i 1 u t, na 1 i ng , kun ing : medang peka ro kuno i : d i poa mamang mi neun kur : kur is, smangeut maneut kaneut kutan : asua' , kako ' maneuw naneuw labu : tjang mangea ' : bi , manea ' ladj u kinan manis : dj i 'ai , kekea lahat liang mapang masu ' lailatul kadar tjolo' mapea ' napea ' lako : pu 'ea ma peui napeui 1 ekena ' : 1 ekeno ' ma roba smau (cf. ma rp' ba) 1 emb i' : bubuen masea : nasea (cf. kasea) lemeum ba lau : lupang maseup naseup lemeuw : be l emeuw , mipis, menje'um ma 'sud itas-itas , pidi ' (cf. lemejeuw) matea (i.e. matea ') : meui 1 epus : 1 umang matj ung : pesek 1 i beu i : be 1 i beu i maung embon li'eut (i.e. lij eut) : napea mba : 1 awang lilien : beus (cf. lilin) mbas : biowa lilin patjeut (cf. lilien) mbea ' II. :"mi, nolot (cf. bea ' II.) 1 imai puj ua ' mbo : kmbo lipis setom mbot : kembot 1 uka II. : 1 uko mbudj ang : imbo 1 umbung : 1 ung mbun = embun luno ' tj ukua mbu :n pisang lupua lulu' mda lo bul eun , ma tai mabea ' : ijeus , kabea ', nabea ' 140

mdang = medang : tlas menjembau smbau me 'abo-abo : mengabo menjembon smbon medeuw kedeuw menjepua ' spua ' megeup temot menj imbeut : simbeut megong mgong tetegong menji pek s. i pek menj ipia sipia mekot kot menj ito' sito' Me lajau djawa i menjukep sukep me leket stamang menj ulua sulua me ludjua : kan menok : knok memea : keboa mentega : djambau menambea ' : tnambea ' mentjel0 : theme 'e mena 'o djemeun mentj iIi' peu i menda i bleseng mentj i 1 ut tj i 1 ut menebas : kedau mentj imet tj imth mengadau : nadau mentj itok tj en i tok mengadjea : gu'au mentju'eui : tju'eui mengakau nakau mentj ugu ' : tjugu ' mengal i' ka l i' menuga ' bto'o' mengango gango II. me ram : gadjea ' mengapeui kapeui me riam : mel tup mengasea ' nasea ' merikso : kundau II. mengating meng i ' i ng metang : ketang mengembeum : kembeum metapang : tlas menges i j a kes i j a metj iet ketj iet mengetong ktong metj ua ' ketj ua '

mengetu' : ketu' mgong = megong : stamang , suting mengimbang : kimbang miang-miang : atj un mengimo' tjeme'e mibeut : nibeut mengu'eu nu'eu midija ' : menjebu 'au mengus i ' kus i ' m i kea ' : n i kea ' men idje : anD' (cf. nidje?) mi 1 i' menil0 : samlela mi 1 ia meniting : gadjea ' mi 10' ni 10' nebi 'us : lutju ', tapis, tipus, mini-minoi (i.e. mindi-mindoi ) : t i 'us wa ra-wi ri menjaleui : saleui minjeum : bunut 141

minong : gadjea ' tj ido (cf. kesep)

mis = mies : lemej euw pet i s ml iaro : kepau nike : mike

mm i d i j a ' : me t e nieun = ni 'eun : su'eut mna 'o : tja'o njabe' i (i.e. njabeui njabai?) sep mnga 'eum : tj io nj unj ung : 1 engea mobos : tebeut (cf. bobos) nu (pron.poss.2nd pers.) bubuen , Modjopaj it : pito' djolok, ul i' mogoa kogoa nunj in : munj in mokoa djanj ing o : be le' , bilai , et passim mo lot kolot opot II. : anies , beus , bukoa monjet : seruea pa i : po i, tukeui mteus : kteus pakeui eet , lembago (cf. kakeu i, mude : indo' makeu i, nakeu i) mudjo : kudjo pa l ang : kepa lang , monok

muko : ha 1 1. pa lo II. = kepa lo : tupeui muko ' kuko' , mpeum pandeun : mosong mukua kukua II. pane : buluwa' , dea , lale'uw I . , 1 e 1 e ' uw , sun u d mu l i' ul i ' pangeun mleui mu lut tjepa 10 pangung potong mumeun : kumeun pano ' : umea ' mundo (II?) : kundo para : getea ' munjeum ba leut parut : ma rut munj ua ' kunj ua ' patja' : ma 'er, patjo' munua ' : mleui , mso ' (cf. nunua ') patj ung : bel eket mupan : kupan pe ' ang : i dang mupo : buluwa ' pe 'ea : pe 'el musa ' L kusa ' pekeran : dungu', spiet mus im pedjedjea pekerdjo : keleua , radj in muteu i : lemejeuw pemalai : sawang mutus : dj u'eui , gandeui pemaneuw : sa lea' nadeuw : nangea pematai : salea' napa mua i : dung pemua i : dung ndas badjang , mi , nolot (cf. das) penangeun : salea' negra i : Be l ando pendo ' : panjang neu (pron.poss.3rd pers.) pass im pengasa i : sa 1 ea ' ngesano' : sana ' 142

pengosong : ptas renang : 9 i 10 perang : sabea retjano gedung perdana i : 1epe ' ros II. tebo ' , , , peser II. : mener sado sekadj in

Pesisia : besa i saka t1as (ct· sako I ) pet (i.e. pe t? or peut ?) meui , smau saka i t1an petemuan : p1ongo ' sakit bangeut pet i : paseup sako II. : menjebu 'au petj uk : kan sako ' medang (ct· saka ) , , pe tup : epen sakub pupung peu : ipeu , kundeu i sa1a : su lang pgong 1ef!1 bago (ct· tetegong) sa 1 i ng kagia' piaro dja'uwa sambut penga 1 ija' pi keut tulau sanga i anol , ibeun , ketut , sod pinang pi jet sangeut : bangat, bangeut

piring lung saueut : apo I piseut anol , metera i sawa i : dung pit = pijet? 1emej euw , med irah , sawo II. sam1e1a t1ung sebanjo' p10ngo ' pita : dung sebeha : man i I pita I : pi to I seb i 1 a i b i 1 a i pkoa kembu ' sedekah dupo p1ai p10i se lel : 1emejeuw p1apung : medang se 'eui : matai pIer : butua seket : ti 'euw p10mon : 10mon , ungun sekunan : kinan p10weng = p1uweng : sinjo sekwa t II. : sta1ai p1uru timbang se1an = sIan : sengi deus pmbu' b 1 eu i , m1eui se1e'et : djadjua pna 'o ibeun semang smang : anol , indo ' pOkO ' sa i semaso demeun pondo ' = pondok pe 1 ubua semat (=semad) be1 ekat : kunju' ptea ( I ) : ktea ( I ) (KGNG . ke tah) semb i Ian : 1 ikau, 10k- 10k pukea butau semendo : an , ano' , be 1 eket , besai, rad i 0 ktabua ' btu1ai , burung , dju'eui , ibeut , 1eket , 1epe' , rajo : kajo mengetj ibea , njosong , ramban : po10widjo pedauet , radjo, stamang , takeup , temakeup rasu1 : sunat 143 semi toa : gutua sukoa : tebau seng : ateup sumbing tjumeng sengepau : spano' sundeui gawea (af· sundo i) se ' ong ,: pi seuw surau bdok sepasua ' = spasua ' : kuj u' , ngsano' surum badjau serenge : tjerenge , tj utjeuw susu : ge l pung serto : 1 u' us susun : kandang setu : sentu tadj ua sialang : tikeut tal euw pon siam : lemejeuw tama ' : lobo ' s i ' i ng : bisai tambea ' : i mbua ' s i 1 a : silo II. tana-tanai : mleui s ilea ' letas , luko tanea ' minjo' singea kemangoen taneum po lowidjo s iwi j a' tj umeng tangeun : kaneun , kideuw , mpu' , ngeui , pel ebeui , su 'eut , skabeun spano' sumbang , tlapo ' skakau : nakau tangung skea ka lung , klabau- ibau, tanj e : i beun tange leng tapa (Redj. ?) penemau ske 'eng (i.e. ske'eng?) : seki li tau : kangu ' ski Ii' gugut, ketadau, mdau, medau tawea : ta 'o' skuang blat tebang : burung , kapea slateun : mbun tebel idang : dung sleut : legeuw tebing : tebo s lis i j a' : s i lang teg I i tj i a : teb I i nj a t slusua : lusua tego : menjea ', palat, su'ang smambau : tokot tegulai : tes smea : putija' teguling : mendado snadjo tu'un tekatj ing :' tja tum sna' it i r is, miading teki 'ing : meng i' ing snu' : dung te lung ':' dj ambau soa : desoa , idjat tel unua : ke l unua sobong II. (=17) djenang , nidje ( af. sebong) temadj ang : tadj ang soko ' : na tea tembaga i : kaweut span : seruea temdje : ano' , bele' , btulai , dju'eui stewea II. : tlan tem 'eus : telas su 'eup (i.e. suweup) djata 144

temijang : buluwa', unjeuw tj i'it : pijet (af. tj it II. 7) temi 'un : kIEh�ng , kl i tang tj i no : I epang tenganjo' : pisang tj i tj i en : ma ta i tepung : miji', tabea I. tju : banam terdjang : djang tj upo ' gatang t e r i mo kas i j a ' mudj ua t lingo sluwang t i' : a' a i I., suwo ' tmudjau mu 'ea' (af. tudj au) tikea : kumbua ', megiteui , tjapua tmungau lomon , ungun timang : sabeun (af. tnimang) tuan : apun timea : medang tihan : lujeun t i nd i' : s I uwang tumbea kembu ' tiung : dung tungau imeuw tj ai ' i r ke tea uang : I�p�' , stalai tjaleuw gedu ' , kanj ai , tj a I eun ubeus-ubeus : mto tjatjo : kawo , I ingis udang : beus tjautj�r : m�tjer-utj�r u' is : u' in tj�b�g (i.e. tj�b�k7) tudung uko : pisang tje'eui : po i ukum : buj� thekwo : tjangkwa ungia : skitai (i.e. ski Jai ?) tj emtj u' : tokot ur i ' tjangkwa tjengea : tjeng�a uso ' I�I� tjen i tep : tjaking ut�r-ut�r : tjut�r tjepako : medang uteun : kamb i ng , kuj u' , kutj i ng, pujua ' tjeru' i' : biku' , i'at u-u (but the original note in the tjeup : Jetjup card file has n-n) : au tj i : wa ' wa ris : pekaro

*

Jaspan, M.A. "Materials for a Rejang — Indonesian — English dictionary". In Jaspan, M.A. editor, Materials for a Rejang-Indonesian-English dictionary. D-58:1-144. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1984. DOI:10.15144/PL-D58.1 ©1984 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. A FRAGMENTARY SKETCH OF THE REJANG LANGUAGE

w. Aichele

I NTRODUCTI ON In 1927 O.L. Helfrich edited a collection of South-Sumatran folktales with Dutch translations . They are an important source , not only for the knowledge of South-Sumatran folklore , but also for the study of several languages and dialects. The last five pages of this collection contain the first texts ever printed in the Rejang language . They were written by Raden Hasan, at that time a member of the civil service under the Dutch Colonial Government . Apparently he also made the Malay translation on which Helfrich based his Dutch rendering of the tales. Thanks to his efforts linguists can get a first impression of the structure of the Rejang language . There are three tales, numbers XXV-XXVII of Helfrich 's collection (p.244-248 , translation p.308-315) , entitled 'The tale of the monkey ', 'The tale of the dog , the tiger , the anok lumang (orphan boy) and the mousedeer ' and 'The tale of the monkey and the cecalik bird' . The first two , which are longer than the third , have their origin in Indian literature. The first text is a folk version of the story of Rarna . In this version the two Monkey-kings sugriwa and Hanuman have become one person . In this respect the Rejang tale agrees with a Minangkabau popular version of the story of Rarna.* The second tale is a variant of the fable in the Pancatantra about a Brahmin who saves an ungrateful tiger . It is a close parallel to the version cited by Hooykaas , 1929 , p.99-101 from Leclere , Contes Laotiens et Con tes Cambodgiens (92) . As mentioned before , the texts written by Raden Hasan are the first published specimens of spoken Rejang , from which a linguist can at least get a partial insight into the structure of the language . The 'Specimens of Rej ang ' published in 1885 (Anon.) with a Malay translation which can only partly be understood , are written in a quite different idiom . When one compares Raden Hasan 's texts with the 'Specimens ', the differences in vocabulary, morphology and syntax are obvious . The language of the 'Specimens ' is the Rej ang literary language , an idiom composed from elements of other Indonesian languages. This will be clear from the following short citation (Anon . 1885 :490) :

*This Minangkabau version was written down in 1930 by Osman Idris Gelar Soetan Pangeran, at that time lecturer in Hamburg. During a study leave in Minangkabau he tried , at my request, to find out whether a popular version of the story of Rarna was known there. And indeed, Mr Idris found an old story teller in Payakumbuh who knew such a tale , Curito Tan si Romo dan Ula ' sumono jo rajo Noruano . He wrote it down and afterwards I translated it into German . Text and translation each have 43 pages typescript . 145

Aichele, W. "A fragmentary sketch of the Rejang language". In Jaspan, M.A. editor, Materials for a Rejang-Indonesian-English dictionary. D-58:145-172. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1984. DOI:10.15144/PL-D58.145 ©1984 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. 146

Malay translation in 'Specimens' In i surat bujang kasian In i surat bujang kasihan rawu maring gadis mi l iye sampa i kapada gadis mul ia an ing sa raba ricang ading denga r pantun sahaya adik karatas layang pakirim kertas surat terki rim wadari caking barabas datang dari mana jatuh kisa batang dari batang

The words kas ian = Ma l. kas ihan ; rawu = Jav ., Sund . idem arrive ; ma ring = Jav .

idem or ma rang towards, to ; ricang = Jav ., Sund . rencang servant, friend; barabas from Mal . rebas fa ll; an ing, Middle Malay idem listen; ading, Middle Malay idem younger brother or sister; kisa, Middle Malay kisah origin [Jav . kesah go out J; saraba , Middle Ma lay serambah pantun may scarcely be found in spoken Rejang. Some of these words do not follow the Rejang phonemic pattern. On the other hand , the influence of the spoken language on the literary lan­ guage appears in such forms as samayang = semba (h)yang ('Specimens ', p.485 ,25) ; diri = Mal . dari (487 ,19) ; kamal i = Mal. kembali (485,10) ; mi l iye = Mal. mulia (490,13) . The tendency of the spoken language to reduce a nasal + media to nasal and to assimilate vowels makes itself felt in these forms . The use of a literary language widely different from the colloquial is not a Rejang peculiarity only. In other parts of South Sumatra, among the Besemah , Serawai and Lampung , literary languages have been developed from the same elements as in Rejang. Here too , peculiarities of the spoken languages have influenced the languages of literature. This conclusion can be drawn from a comparison of the folktales in Helfrich (1927) with the literary texts edited by the same scholar in 1904 (Middle Malay) and 1891 (Lampung) . Research into the origin of literary languages and their connection with the colloquials is an important subject in Indonesian studies. The result may not only give an insight into the history of language but it seems to me that it may also supplement and enrich our views of political and cultural developments . In South Sumatra we still find literary language and colloquial side by side . This supports my hypothesis about the character of the old Indonesian languages known to us from Old-Javanese literature and from the small part of Old-Malay literature which has been preserved [cf. Aichele, 1943 J. It shows the direction to be taken in the study of these languages. In Helfrich 's collection of folktales we find some Malay passages in Lampung and Rejang texts. The Mousedeer 's recitation in a Lampung tale (p. 198) and the alternating song of the Monkey and the female Cecal ik bird in the short Rejang fable (p.248) are in Malay . It seems that Malay , the language of government , schools and the press is taking over the function of the historical literary languages [the author refers, of course, to the Dutch Colonial Government J. The song in the Rejang fable is given here. My interpretation differs in some respects from that of the editor . The Monkey begins : "Cecalik, cecalik, dimano sarangmu?" "CecaUk, cecaUk, where is your nest?" "Oi rumpun padi , beuk !" (The fema le cecaUk:) "Be tween the rice stalks, Monkey !" "Oi rumpun padi , ka lu miang?" (The Monkey :) "Be tween the rice stalks - what if the hairs make you itch?" 147

"M iang - ku (for aku) mandi !" padeak cecalik. "If hail's cause itching - then I take a bath!" quoth the cecalik. Padeak beuk : The Monkey says: "Mandi - ka lu dingin?" "Take a bath - what if you ge t co ld?" "Dingin, aku jemur!" "If I get cold - I shaU dxoy in the sunshine !" "Jemur - ka lu panas?" padeak beuk. "DpY in the sun - what if you get too hot?" "Panas - aku betudung!" padeak cecalik. "Too hot - then I'U use a sunhat!" "Betudung - ka lu dimakan tumo?" padeak beuk. "Use a sunhat - what if the lice eat you?" "Makan tumo - aku mati!" padeak cecalik. "Ea t lice - I'U die fol' that! (i.e. I'U give my life fol' it) "� quoth the cecalik. This unexpected cunning answer of the bird makes the Monkey laugh , so that the bird can fly away from the monkey 's open mouth . The orthography of the three Rej ang texts is not absolutely consistent , but on the whole it is suffic iently clear to give an idea of the phonemic structure of the language . There are , however , a number of confusing printing errors , which should be corrected. [ The following is a complete list of Aichele 's corrections. Those which seem doubtful I have marked with one ?, and one which I think is definite ly wrong with two ??J: BKI 83 p.244 : deb i I a i 0 l. debi lai 0 p.247 : nienade l. nien ade bipajeak l. bi pajeak tjoeboko l. tjoebo ko moekko l. moek ko boetan l. boetau boeahtoe l. boeeakkoe me loepat bako l. me loepat-ba ko ketanggoengan koe l. ketanggoengankoe bokko l. bok ko beak koejo l. beakkoe jo kene l. keno [7] p.245 : oekoe 10k oekoe 10k 1. oekoe 10k [??J telan l. telau [?J sen imar l. sen imat [?J p.248 : todoea l. tidoea awe i ne l. awe i ne silo noe l. s i lonoe nemoek ne l. nemoekne tjoe l. tjoa megango l. mengango [?J tenengea ne l. ten i ngeane [?J lameum l. lameun teminok na l. teminokna p.246: tenoa na l. tenoana benono l. benamo sebarankoe l. seka rankoe didjai l. dj idjai ten ipan l. ten ipau moesean l. moesea dj idai l. dj idjai Often m and n are interchanged . Where this occurs in the infixes -em- and .-en­ the meaning is distorted . 148

THE REJANG COLLOQUIAL LANGUAGE

1. Method of this study It goes without saying that a sketch of the spoken Rejang language based on this restricted material can only be fragmentary. Looking at these five printed pages one can conclude that there is a strong phonetic difference between Rej ang and the neighbouring South-Sumatran languages and that this difference represents a later development . We see that mainly the word-end is subject to changes of sound - word-final vowels and diphthongs as well as " , - h , ,� - r and '� - l. Combinations of nasals and voiced as well as voiceless stops are modified too . Moreover word-initial and -medial "'r has disappeared [or rather, it became glottal stop word-medially J, except in a number of loanwords . Vowel assimilation , a somewhat uncommon phenomenon in Indonesian languages , is found in several instances. As matters stand at present [i.e. in the 1930s J the only presentation possible to show the special features of Rejang is comparative . However , the aim cannot be to link Rejang directly with a 'proto-language ', which can be constructed from a common stock such as it is scattered all over the Indonesian language territory in regular sound correspondences. The share in vocabulary which Rej ang -like every individual language - has in common with the 'proto-language ' would be insufficient to comprehend it in its present development. For a clear understanding of Rej ang we better turn to the nearest cognate living languages of Sumatra and West-Java . These have been more conservative in their develop­ ment . They may help us to understand at least the latest developmental phases which Rejang has gone through . Moreover, comparative linguistics cannot possibly restrict itself to sound systems alone . Only by analysing phonology , morphology , syntax and semantics in their mutual interdependence can it hope to achieve a clearer understanding of these factors individually . For the present comparative linguistics can approach this goal only if it starts from individual living languages which are sufficiently we ll-known . But , however much the language to be studied may have lost from the common characteristics of its group , it may still show forms which are in some respects more archaic than in the nearest cognate sister­ languages. We shall find some examples in Rejang. In such cases one has to refer to languages farther away wh ich , according to the result of Indonesian comparative linguistics, also preserved the older form.

2. The so und system VOWELS : a, e (in the texts : e) , i, 0, u (in the texts: oe) e [i.e. aJ (in the texts not distinguished from e) [In the last, stressed , syllable it has an allophone which is sometimes written eu in the texts . Aichele thought it was a separate phoneme for which he used o.J DIPTHONGS (only occurring word-finally) : ai, e i, au, ew ea , ia, oa , ua, oi The diphthongs ea , ia, ua also precede word-final ' [glottal stoP J (in the texts written: k) 149

CONSONANTS : ' [glottal stop ; word-medially in the texts only indicated in do-o or doo for dO 'O; word-finally in the texts written k] k, g, ng c, j, ny (in the texts : tj , dj , nj ) t, d, n p, b, m 1 y (in the texts : j) , w 5, h r (occurs mostly in loanwords) . [Concerning the 'barred nasals' see 3.14.b] Voiced stops in word-final position are as rare as in Malay . At most they only occur in loanwords such as sebab reason� cause. h occurs only in interjections : ha i hey!, ceh phew!

3. The sound changes In opposition to the supposedly better preserved sound forms found in other languages of the group to which Rejang belongs , the following changes appear : (1) Word-final vowels :

-": -a > -0 (as in Minangkabau) , e.g. : imo forest (cL Mal. rimba) geruwo cave (cL Mal . gua) seto yard (cL Mal . hasta) ;I� -a > -e, , e.g. : ade be on hand t-en-anye be asked '''-a > -e (0) , e.g. : ipo where ? (cf. Lampung ipa where ?) ito we incl. (cf. Mal . kita) -ne 3rd pers . poss . pronoun (cf. Mal . -nya , Bat . -na) "'-a > -ai, e.g. : duwa i two te-tawa i laugh matai eye tuwa i old *-a is retained in the particles ba , na[?] and the 3rd person possessive pronoun is sometimes spelt -na in the texts , sometimes -ne . '� -i is as a rule replaced by -ai, e.g.: rugai loss� detriment metera i princess (cf. Skt . putrl, Mid . Mal. beteri) rezeka i provisions� food (this Arabic loanword is in the texts the only word which contains z) sepertai as� like [bilai day (cL Mal . hari and see 3.7) ] 150

,', - i is retained in : tapi but api all that [Jaspan : who? ] siapi anyone who ud i you (polite) kun i from *-u is as a rule replaced by -au, e.g. : ulau head telau three te-temau meet t-en-ipau be deceived lalau go on mengabalau marry a widow

·'. -u > - 0 , e.g. : meto come out (cf. Jav . wetu) te-temo meet -u is retained in the personal pronouns uku I and kumu you (plural) The diphthongisation of '� -a and ,� - i to -a i and of *-u to -au seems to be caused by the word-final stress.

(2) The original word-final diphthongs *-ai and "'-au appear as -e i (Oi) and -ew ( -ow) respectively , also in those cases where they are for some unexplained reason replaced by -i and -u in Malay and Middle Malay , e.g. : > -ei in: atei heart� mind (Mid. Mal . etc . hati , at i, but Tagalog atai , Batak ate, Ngaju- and Maanyan-Dayak atai , Malagasi (Merina) at i, from �'ata i, '� atai or �' a te , because "' -ti would have been palatalised to -tsi) matei die (Mid. Mal. etc . mati , but Tagalog mata i, Batak mate , Dayak ma tai , Malagasi mat i) sape i arrived� so that (Mid . Mal . etc . sampa i, cf. 3.14a) pe i just� just now (Mid . Mal . (e)mpai) be i mother� mother-anima l (Mid . Mal . ba il m-elei give (cf. Mal. beri , but Tagalog bigai , Karo ber�)

But *-a i > -� in: gawe wopk� activity (as in Sundanese and Javanese) b� presently (cf. Mid. Mal . etc . temba i first� earlier, from the stem bai mother[ ?], Karo-Batak leb� before , Jav . temb� just now) '� -au > -ew in : kebew buffa lo (Mid . Mal . kebau) m-ulew hunt� chase , imperative k-ulew you chase (Mid. Mal . buru, but Taga log bugaw, Batak buro , cf . 3.7 and 3.9) imew tiger (Mal. harimau) 151

(3) Accompanied by diphthongisation of its preceding vowel, final -h becomes glottal stop . Thus :

*-ah > -eak , e.g. : uleak behaviour « '� u 1 ah) upeak wages « 1' upah) beak be Low (Lampung bah) padeak word « '� padah [cf. Aichele , 1943, p.47]) payeak tiredJ weak « '� payah) teak do not know « 1' (en)tah) ma reak crossJ furious « '�marah) ki leak aLsoJ as we LL (Mid . Mal. ki lah, kinah idem) leceak muddYJ wet (Mal ., Karo lecah)

'� - ih > -iak, e.g. : bul iak canJ be aLLowedJ obtain « "' bul ih) put i ak white « "' put i h) ke l iak see (Mid. Mal. ke lih)

*-uh > -uak , e.g. :

asuak younger brother 01' sister « 1' asuh , cf . Mal . asuh nursing) m-unuak kiLL (Mal. membunuh) ne-luruak arrangement (Mid. Ma l. me lurohi take care of, cf . Mal . luruh fa LL dawn , Old Jav . ruru, Ngaju duroh ; as to the meaning cf. Jav . tiba fa LLJ judge )

(4) *i , '� e and '� u preceding an original word-final glottal stop are retained , e.g. : titik smaLLJ LittLe pek takeJ [put ] (Old Jav., Jav . idem take) kuyuk dog (Lampung idem)

"'a on the other hand tends to become 0 in this position , e.g. : anok chiLd « '� anak) sok ripeJ done (Lampung sak, Mal . masak) tuvlok paLmwine « "'tuwak) mukok open (Mal . membuka (k) bok reason (Lampung bak) sesok oppressionJ tightness (Mal . sesak) otok brains (Mal. otak) ke-galok de sireJ passionJ wanted « *ga lak) ke-j inok tame (Mid. Mal . etc . jinak) *a is retained in : tel apak in te l apak tangen paLm of the hand (Mal ., Mid . Mal . idem) n-apak married (cf. Mid. Mal. mapak conduct a wedding ceremony ) nak in (cf. Lampung , Mid . Ma l. tunak stay)

(5) Word-final *-r and *-1 disappear while the preceding vowel becomes a diphthong. A similar process of diphthongisation is found in Minangkabau , where, however, ," -ar and "' -a 1 are excepted . 152

'� -a I, �' -ar > -ea , e.g. : ke-libea width (Mid. Mal. libagr wide ) ke-luwea go outside (Mid. Mal. lu(w)agr) asea origin, main point, if only (Mid . Mal. etc . asa l from Arabic) akea sense, trick, de ceit (Mid . Mal. etc . akal from Arabic) magea to, fo r (for persons) (cf. Larnpung peger, meger come , BKI 83, 197; cf. Jav . gateng come , prepositional to, toward, for) Deviating diphthongs are : d-ipoa on the other side (Toba , Mandailing ipar) biyoa water (Mal . ayar, Larnpung wa i; with regard to the initial sound cf. Old Jav . wway and 3.10) be-j uwoa offe r for sale (Mid. Mal. etc . ju(w)al) *-i l, *-ir > -ia, e.g. : kec ia small (Mal . kecil) bibia lip, edge, seam (Mid. Mal . bibigr, Mal . bibir)

*-ul > -oa , e.g. : t-em-otoa pursue (Mid. Mal . tutol , Larnpung tutul) soa get, search (?) (cf . probably Larnpung surul drag, get) betoa be true (Mid. Mal. betol , Mal . betul) tenoa egg « *telul , cf . 3.7 and 3.13; Mid. Mal . telogr, Mal. telur) *-ur > -ua , e.g. : gugua fa ll off (Mal. gugur) tidua sleep (Mal. tidur) Word-final *-r is retained in the interjection purr (for : a bird flying up, cf. Sundanese pur) , and in the noun tepur moment (cf. Mid . Mal . temp�r moment) which is probably derived from it. [sen imar, p.245, is either a misprint for sen imat or a loanword , though a Malay dialect form �' s i mba r for Mal . samba r, Minangkabau semba is only hypothetical . ]

(6) ," r, and sometimes also '� l, have disappeared word-initial ly , e.g. : asai fe eling, opinion (also Mid . Mal. ase, asaw; from Skt . rasa) acun poison (Mal . racun) imew tiger (Mal . harimau, Mid . Mal . grimau) tai (-na) (its) meaning (Mal . erti, reti, from skt.) ne-but snatched away (Mal . rebut) ke-tang you, stretch! (Mal . rentang , or Mal ., Mid. Mal . bentang cf. 3.9) bang door (Sundanese etc . lawang) me (m) -pas set free (cf. Mal . etc . lepas) igai still, moreover (Mal. , Mid. Mal. lagi , Mid . Mal . also ag i; cf. 3.12) amen (along with lamen) if, whi le (Sundanese , Jav . lamun , Mid. Mal. lamon) 153

Word-medially , "' r [becomes ' (glottal stop) or sometimes] disappears ,e.g. : be 'uk kind of monkey (Mal . etc . be ruk) sa ' ang nest (Mal. sarang) pa 'ok approach (Sund., Jav . parek , Lamp . parok) be 'em rice wine (Sund . berem , Ma l. beram) sebe 'ang the opposite bank of a river, the other side (Mal . seberang) soa « *sul) search (cf. (?) Lamp . surul drag, get) bingin banyan (tree) (Mal. beringin) m-em brood (Mal. eram, Jav . angrem , Karo kerem)

Perhaps ,', I disappeared word-medially in : soa piece (auxiliary numeral , among other things for eggs ; cf. (?) Sund . solor) ke-nam-ku as far as I know, to my knowledge (to be compared (?) with Lamp . nalom, nalam clever, all-knowing, experienced; cf. 3.13)

The sound-sequence "'-a r i becomes the diphthong -0 i because of the loss

of ,', r, e. g. : mo i come , come on! (Mal . etc . mar i) t-oi let us (incl.)! (cf. Karo ari , root morpheme of '�ma ri in ari ko come here ; toi is therefore a contraction of ite us (incl.) and '� a ri > oi) po i rice (Lamp. , Jav . pari)

Word-medial ,', r is preserved in the following examples , all of them probably being loanwords: kereno because (Mal . ka rena , from Skt.) garang wi ld, grim (Mal. idem) me tera i princess (Mid. Mal . beteri , Ma l. puteri , from Skt.) pere (m) puan wife (Mal . idem) marc very we ll, let 's go! (Mal. mara fo �vard!) pe rcayo be lieve (Mal . percaya , from Skt .) pe rbuatan , perbuaten action (Mal . idem) tarak asceticism (Mal. idem) mareak be furious, cross (Mal . marah ; cf. 3.3) sepertai like (Mal . seperti, from Skt.) seka ran endurance, grief (Mid . Mal . sengka raw'an, sengkare 'an) [But is ge ruwo cave (cf. Mal. guha) a loan word too? ] Word-initially r appears in the texts only in : ruga i loss (Mal. rug i )

(7) The sound recorded by Dempwolff (1934) in his proto-Indonesian sound-system as a voiced velar fricative and .written y, became I in Rejang . This is the sound of Van der Tuuk 's first phonetic rule, usually called the RGH-rule, because it appears regularly as r in one language , as 9 in another and as h in a third language (and as y (z) in yet another); in some languages it disappears altogether. The Rejang I which corresponds with the sound of the RGH-rule is now only found word-medially . If our analysis of the word tenoa egg is correct (see 3.5) it formerly also occurred word-finally . [In the word list of the Rawas dialect of Rejang by Van Hasselt (1881) , what is now the diphthong -oa in 154

Lebong is written -01 . It seems that in the late 18th century this pronunci­ ation was still heard among the Rejang speakers on the coast; see Marsden,

1811 p.203 : water = beo1e, coconut = nio 1 e . There is no parallel to the shift of the RGH-sound to 1 in the neighbouring languages of Rejang.] It should be noted that in the Middle-Malay dialects Besemah and Serawai even now two r-sounds can be distinguished , which Helfrich wrote as r and gr. This gr represents velar r, and indeed in most of its occurrences it is the output of Van der Tuuk 's first phonetic rule, although it is not seldom interchange­ able with r. Examples for the RGH-sound in Rejang: da 1 eak blood (Mid . Mal . dagrah) mi leak red (Mal. merah , Karo mi rah) be1au new (Mal . beha ru) m-e1ei give (see 3.2) m-u1ew chase (see 3.2) b i 1 a i day (Mal . hari , Mid . Mal . agri ; cf. 3.3 and 3.12) 1 i 1 a i run, flee (Mid. Mal . 1ari , 1ag ri ; see 3.12) ba 1et root (also aerial) (Mid . Mal. urat, ugrat fibre, vein, root ; Old Jav . wwad root , with reduplication owad parasitic plant, otwat veins [but these connections are doubtful ]; Lamp . bayit climber, way it root, climber, creeper. a instead of u in ba1et and in Lampung bayit, way it can be explained by shift of stress onto the last syllable. As to the vowel e(o) (Rejang) , i (Lampung) compare Gayo uyot vein, root, climber) Exceptions (which follow 3.6 and are probably loanwords from a language with r for the RGH-sound) : tu'un descend, leave the house (Mid . Mal. tugron) binai venture, dare (Mid. Mal . begran i, Lamp . bani; cf . 3.12) Remark : Lampung ta 1um indigo blue (instead of *tayum) may be considered a borrowing from Rejang .

(8) Unfortunately the texts do not contain enough examples to be able to recognise with certainty the Rejang reflection of the sound of Van der Tuuk 's second sound-rule, the DGRL-rule.

Because it is certain that ad ik in ad i k-sanokku my fe llow vil lager is a Middle­ Malay loan word , only po i rice and gen name need to be explained. Of these po i might have been borrowed from Lampung (pari); cf. 3.6. Thus the only example of the DGRL-sound would be gen name if this could be identified with Jav . aran name . The dropping of the first syllable would not be exceptional; see 3.9 and 3.11. But because in the Batak dialects a corresponding *agan , as the word would be , is lacking, this identification is very questionable . Presumably gen belongs to a totally different stem, cf. 3.11. [A clear example of the DGRL-sound in Rejang is da1ek fly (Mal. 1a1at, Simalungun Batak 1anog) . The final consonant in this and some other Rejang words is not a glottal stop but k, which may go back to *-g. The word is not in Helfrich 's texts . Thus , the etymology of gen proposed here is perhaps not as improbable as Aichele thought .] 155

(9) Occasionally ," b has dropped word-initially , e.g. : ngus muzzle (cf. Sund . bangus snout, bill, muzzle (of an animal} ) tang in : ke-tang you, stretch (cf . 3.6) ulew in: k-ulew you, chase (cf. 3.2) uang in: k-uang you, throw away (cf. Mal . buang) [Aichele assumed an original word-ini tial '�w in 1 ai , because he doubted Helfrich 's translation large and would connect it with Mal . Arab . wa li patron. This etymology is impossible because lai indeed means large .]

(10) Word-initially *w becomes b, e.g. : bang door (Sund . etc . lawang , cf. 3.6) ba let root, aerial root (cf. 3.7) biyoa water (cf. 3.5 and 3.12) b i 1 a i day (cf. 3.3) Exception : wipe in what way, how (cf. 3.15)

(11) Some originally disyllabic word stems have become monosyllabic as a result of merging of sounds, e.g. :

lut very (cf. (7) Lamp . luwo t more ) pun tree, trunk (Mal. pohon) tot tree-stump (cf. Lamp . tuhot stub , Tagalog tood stump) NB . tot bingin, p.247 , is translated banyan-tree (p.313) but from the context it is evident that it refers to a stump wh ich was left after the tree was hewn . gen [Aichele was not satisfied with the etymology given in 3.8 and preferred deriving this word from a stem "'gah (Achehnese fame ) with a suffix ," -an , but this seems much less probable .]

(12) The texts contain a number of words which show vowel assimilation , a relatively rare phenomenon in Indonesian languages . Evidently this is caused by the prominence in pronunciation of the stressed second syllable , so that its vowel becomes audible in advance , e.g. : uku I keme we (excl .) kumu you (pl.) belek return (via "'ba 1 ek < '� ba 1 i k) binai brave (via *bini < *ban i, cf. 3.7) butau stone (via '� butu < ''' batu, cf . 3.1) igai moreover (via '� igi < *agi , "' lagi , cf. 3.6) j i j a i become (dialectal ijai , cf. 3.17) (via '� j iji < *jaj i < jadi) 1 i 1 ai run (via '� l iIi < ''' lal i, cf. 3.7) bi 1 a i day (via "'bi 1 i < "'wa l i, cf. 3.7) nosok hidden, concealed (via *ne-sok < "' n i-sok , cf. Mal . sorok hide, conceal, cf. 3.6) 156

[Aichele also mentions kiyew tree (Mal . kayu , one would expect Rej ang "' kayau) and b i yoa water (cf . 3.5 and 3.10) , but in these words there is no vowel assimilation; the ," a became i because of the immediately following y . ] Vowe l dissimilation appears in : su'et wasp (cf . Sund . seureud , Mandailing sorot sting) lungen upper arm (cf. Sund . leungeun , Jav . lengen)

(13) A possible instance of *1 assimilating to n in the vicinity of a nasal is : m- ino perhaps meaning fo llow� join (cf. Mid . Mal. mi lu, borrowed from Javanese , Sund . ilu ). The word is found at the bottom of p.246 in the phrase mino embuk dilem tabang , which has not been translated by Helfrich . It should [perhaps ] be interpreted (he emptied the whole bamboo container) and with it he also drank the dregs .

A comparable assimilation is found in Lampung manom < 1'ma 1 om evening.

," 1 has dissimilated to n in :

tenoa egg « "'telol , cf. Mid . Ma l. telogr; cf. 3.7) A comparable dissimilation is perhaps found in Lampung nalam, nalom clever� competent « ,', 1 a 1 am, ,', 1 a 1 om , being a reduplication of 1 am, 10m interior � deep) . Presumably this is present in Rej ang ke-nam-ku as far as I know (cf. 3.6; also Tagalog alam know) [and possibly in: namen know. This is only found p.245.

Aichele thought it was = lamen when . ]

(14) The change of original nasal clusters . (a) In the vast majority of cases the nasal has assimilated to the voiceless stop [without prolongation of the explosive as found e.g. in Toba-Batak ].

," ngk > k, e.g. : takep grab� catch (Mal . tangkap) ikut be carried (Sund . ingkud) akuak resemb ling (Minangkabau angkuah) seka ran endurance� grief (Mid . Mal . sengka re 'an) ''' nc > c, the only example : kacea mousedeer (Mid. Mal. etc . kanc il)

," nt > t, e.g. : (petat)memetat chop off (Mal . puntat chopped-off stump ) me -l i tas to pass by suddenly (Mal. , Mid . Mal. 1 intas)

"'mp > p, e.g. : sape i arrive� so that (Mal. etc. sampa i) me- lupat jump (Mal. lumpat) 157

tupas throw (Mid . Mal . tumpas) k-en-ape be pressed (Sund . kampa press , Mid . Mal . kampe 'an, Ma l. kempaan press, oi l press) tepur moment (Mid. Mal , tampor , cf. 3.5) Exception : the Malay loan word perempuan wife . A nasal followed by ,', s assimilates to s as we ll, the only example being : d-ase i « *d (i)lan (g)sai , cf. 3.6 and 3.1) . According to the translation, p.316, at home , literally at the inside of the curtain, behind the curtains (which hang in front of the sleeping-place or separate a part of the room) . Cf . Sund . dina kulambu on the inside of or behind the curtains ; Old Jav . (poerbatjaraka , 1931 , p.27) ri jro langse on the inside of the curtain, indicating the sleeping-place .

(b) [The nature of the sounds developed from clusters consisting of a nasal followed by a voiced stop has only recently been satisfactorily explained by Coady and McGinn (1982) , who call them 'barred nasals'. A vowel immediately following an 'unbarred nasal ' is always nasalised . The Encyclopaedie van Nederlandsch-Indie (1919) probably refers to this phenomenon where it says (III, p.5) that Rejang speech has a strong nasal sound . On the contrary , a vowel imme diately following a 'barred nas al' is not nasalised . Aichele 's examples of 'barred nasals' are]: '� ngg > ng, e.g. :

menangeak look up (cf. Sund . tanggah, cf . for the Rejang form also Old Jav . tanga, teng (h)a) t-em- ingang fa ll down on (cf. Sund. , Toba , Mandailing tinggang) tingea stay behind (cf. Mal . etc . tinggal) s-em-anget put up (cf. (?) Mal . sanggat put ashore (a ship} ) s-em-engut (used as a conjunction) ti ll, until (cf. Mid . Mal. sunggot arrive, land) But the cluster is written ngg in the Malay loanword ketanggungan grief, endurance . '� nj > ny, e.g. : panyang (in the name Gerobok musea panyang) is probably Mal . panj ang long. menya lai to fi sh with a cast-net (Mal . menj ala, from Mal . Skt . jala, Rejang jalai) The cluster is written ndj (=nj) in : m-unjuk to hand, give '� nd > n, e.g. : tano (also written tando) sign (Mal . etc . tanda) tanuk (also written tanduk) horns (Mal. tanduk) ponok hut (Mal . pondok) ineak be remarkable, peculiar (Mid. Mal . indah peculiar ; Mal . �ndah calm, satisfied, beautiful, remarkab le) unang-unang law (Mal. undang-undang) me-l inung keep, protect (cf. Mal. lindung) te-minok having arrived, having reached one 's goal (Mid. Mal . temindak; cf. 3.4) 158

"'rnb > rn, e.g. : aiiio slave3 I (Mal. harnba , but cf . 3.15) i iiio jungle3 forest (Mal . rirnba) t i iiioa emerge3 appear (Mal . tirnb ul) n-aiiiung slung up(wards ) (spelt with rnb in rn-arnbung sling up (wards)3 throw upwards ; cf. Mal ., Gayo larnbung , Achehnese larnbong ; cf. 3.6) ne-iiiin be carried on the back (also spelt ne-ernb in; cf. Mid . Mal ., Mal . arnbi n) s-en-i iiiat be caused3 be seized (cf. Ma l. sernbat) [1 cf . 3.5J

(15) Word contraction. The texts give a few examples of compound constructions with word contraction : cigai (sigai) not any more , from *coa igai wi pe how3 in what way (Mal . bagai rnana) , from *awe i ipe The personal pronoun of the 2nd person ko also fuses to one single word with the imperative , which it often precedes. If the imperative root begins with a consonant, it is prefixed as ke-. If the root begins with a vowel the pepet also disappears . Hence e.g. : '� ko pek becomes kepek you3 take ! '� ko sok becomes kesok you3 cook! "'ko uang becomes kuang you3 throw away! '� ko i kut becomes k i kut you3 carry ! [cf. Aichele , 1943 , p.51. According to Aichele, the pronominal prefix of the 1st person *ku- also becomes ke- . The only example in the texts is arno rno i kecat I wi ll take down , where arno would be the personal pronoun (Mal. harnba) and kecat from *ku-cat. Such a combination of arno (=harnba) and ku- is very unlikely. Perhaps arno has nothing to do with harnba and kecat is an imperative . The explanation of the prefix ke- in the imperative as '� ko is hypothetical too . J

(16) Shortening of words used as conjunctions , prepositions and particles is found in several Indonesian languages (cf. Brandstetter , 1915, par .274 ff .) . Examples in Rejang are: 10k as a particle , indicating the future , along with galok to wish3 to desire nak as the preposition in (cf. Mid . Mal. tunak stay ) das as the preposition on (cf. Mal, di atas , but also Karo das) dan as the conjunction and (along with : dengen ; cf. Mal. dengan with , Batak dongan fe llow ; also Mal. dan and) ngen and3 t03 with (from dengen ; cf. Mid . Mal . ngan)

(17) Dialectal divergencies . In the three Rej ang texts which Helfrich 's collection contains , nrs XXVI and XXVII as compared with nr XXV show dialectal deviations in two cases : instead of jijai (cf. Mal. jadi) be come 3 thereupon : ijai instead of cigai not any more (cf. 3.15) : sigai 159

POSTSCRIPT In the Preface I should have referred to Jaspan 's note on Rej ang orthography in his Thesis (1964a: xii-xv) and I might have mentioned his optimistic view of the editing of his dictionary (xviii) . I should perhaps have taken more freedom in splitting up articles in which homonyms are treated as one word , e.g. djenang. My omitting the dots under d and b (preface p.viii no .10) may in a few cases have obscured a difference between the barred nasals (n, ffi) and nd, mb in which n and m are infixes . Compare Jaspan 's djendjo', which probably represents (in my spelling) jenejo' , not jenyo'. If we accept McGinn 's opinion (1982 : 60) that the infix -en- may be causative as well as passive in Rej ang , some of Jaspan 's active translations of -en- forms may not be wrong , as I supposed in the preface , p.ix no .13. Perhaps it might even be possible to explain some 'printing errors ', supposed by Aichele (p .147 , last line) , in this way . Many persons whose help Jaspan acknowledged in his Thesis (1964a:xxvi ff .) also gave their help in compiling the dictionary . I thank others who helped me in editing this book . The names of most of them appear on the title pages and in the preface . I regret that I could not use Patrick Sweeting 's tape-recordings of a reading of Jaspan 's manuscript with numerous additions by A. Sani , performed by three Rej ang speakers . My hearing is now too weak to use such a tape . My special thanks go to Mrs Dianne Stacey , who coped successfully with the typing of the difficult manuscript and with my moods of making changes until the last moment .

P. Voorhoeve Barchem , September 1st, 1984 .

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Abbreviations

BJ Bibliotheca Javanica uitgegeven door het Kon. Bataviaasch Genoot­ schap van Kunsten en Wetens chappen .

Bi jdrTLV Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde ui tgegeven door het Koninklijk Insti tuut .

EI Encyclopaedie van Nederlandsch-Indie . 2nd edition .

TBG Tijdschrift voor Indische taal-, land- en volkenkunde uitgegeven door het Ba taviaasch Genoot schap van Kunsten en We tenschappen . VBG Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen .

ZES Zei tschrift fur Eingeborenen-Sprachen . 160

AICHELE , W. 1943 Die altrnalaiische Literatursprache und ihr Einf1uss auf das Altjavanische . ZES 33:37-77 . ANONYMOUS 1885 Proeven van Redjangsch. TBG 30 : 484-491. 1919 Redjangsch . EI 3:577 . B[ERG, C.C. J 1972 In memoriam walther Aichele , 27 januari 1889 - 1 mei 1971 . BKI 128 : 209-213 . BLUST, Robert 1984 On the history of the Rejang vowels and diphthongs . BKI 140/4 . BRANDSTETTER, R. 1915 Die La uterscheinungen in den indonesischen Sprachen . Monographien zur Indonesisichen Sprachforschung 12. Lucerne : Haag . COADY , James and Richard r.1cGINN 1982 On the so-called implosive nasals of Rejang . In Rainer Carle et a1, eds Gavac : studies in Austronesian languages and cul tures , dedica ted to Hans Kahler, 437-449 . Berlin: Reimer.

DEMPWOLFF , o. 1934-38 vergl eichende La utlehre des austronesischen Wo rtscha tzes . Beihefte zur ZES 15, 17 , 19 . HASSELT , A.L. van 1881 De talen en letterkunde van Midden-Suma tra . Midden-Suma tra [reports of the expedition 1877-79J ed . P.J. Veth , vol .3/2 . Leiden: Brill. HELFRICH , O.L. 1891 Verzameling Lampongsche teksten . VBG 45/4 . 1904 Bijdragen tot de kennis van het Midden Ma leisch . VBG 53 .

1927 Uit de folklore van Zuid-Sumatra. BKI 83 : 193-315 . [Rejang texts 244-248 , Dutch translation 308-315J. HOOYKAAS , C. 1929 Tantri , de Middel-Javaansche Panca tantra-bewerki ng. Leiden : A. Vros . JASPAN , M.A. 1964a From patriliny to matriliny : structural change among the Redjang of Southwest Sumatra. Ph .D. thesis, 2 vols , Australian National University, Canberra. 1964b Redjang Ka-Ga-Nga texts . Canberra : Australian National University McGINN, Richard 1982 ou tline of Rejang syntax. NUSA . Linguistic Studies of Indonesian and other languages in Indonesia 14 . Jakarta : NUSA. 161

MARS DEN , William 1811 The history of Sumatra . 3rd edition . London . (Reprinted Kuala Lumpur 1977) . POERBATJARAKA , R. Ng. 1931 Smaradahana . Oud-Javaansche teks t met vertaling. BJ 3. RICKLEFS , M.C. and P. VOORHOEVE 1977 Indonesian ma nuscripts in Grea t Bri tain . London Oriental Bibliographies 5. RONKEL, Ph . S. van 1946 Aanvulling der beschrijving van de Maleische en Minangkabausche

handschriften •.• in het bezit van het Kon . Instituut voor de Taal- , Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indie . BKI 103 : 555-606 . VOORHOEVE , P. 1952 Indonesische handschriften in de Universiteitsbibliotheek te Leiden . BKI 108 : 209-219.

1955 Cri tical survey of studies on the languages of Sumatra . KITLV Bibliographical Series 1. [on Rejang p.20 f.] WINK, P. 1926 De onderafdeeling Lais . VBG 66/2 wordlist pp . 111-124 .

SOME RECENT INDONES IAN STUDIES ON THE REJANG LANGUAGE :

YUSLIHAL SALEH 1979 Stuktur bahasa Rejang. Laporan Penelitian , Palembang , 266pp . Stencilled . SYAHRUL NAPSIN et al. 1981 Morfologi dan sintaksis bahasa Rejang. Laporan penelitian , Palembang , 207pp . Stencilled . ATIKA SYA'RANI 1980 Kata kerja bahasa Rejang. Laporan penelitian, Jakarta , 97pp . Stencilled . 1981/2 Sistem perulangan kata dalam bahasa Rej ang . Jakarta, 97pp . TS .

MANUSCRIPTS :

Leiden, Royal Institute of Linguistics and Anthropology . KITLV Or .164 (fo�erly Mal. CXLI ; van Ronkel, 1946 p.577) VIII. A vocabulary of the Mu si dialect from J.L.M. Swaab . IX. A Re jang tradition in Ka-Ga-Nga script with a romanised transcription , dated 1856 . Apart from the missing Marsden manuscript mentioned by Ricklefs and Voorhoeve, 1977 p. 156,· this is the earliest dated Rejang text . 162

Leiden , University Library . LOr.3391a. A Rejang wordlist from H.N. van der Tuuk 's legacy . In 4 columns : 1. Dutch in alphabetical order . 2. Malay in Jawi script. 3. Rej ang in Ka-Ga-Nga script. 4. Rejang , romanised . Dated Kepahiang 22nd January , 1873. On the cover : C.A. van Vloten. Cf . Voorhoeve , 1952 p.217. LOr .7647A . A Dutch-Rejang wordlist in C. Snouck Hurgronje's collection with a copy of the 'Holle list' LOr .7646 (cf. Voorhoeve , 1952 p.217) , to which transcriptions of the Rejang words in Ka-Ga-Nga script were added . Ci ted by Jaspan as SR .

LOr .8321. A typewritten copy of MS KITLV Or .164 ,VIII. Ci ted by Jaspan as S.

London, School of Oriental and African Studies . See Ricklefs and Voorhoeve , 1977 Index s.v. Rejang (Sumatra) .

Aichele, W. "A fragmentary sketch of the Rejang language". In Jaspan, M.A. editor, Materials for a Rejang-Indonesian-English dictionary. D-58:145-172. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1984. DOI:10.15144/PL-D58.145 ©1984 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative.