Project SAFER-LC Focus on the Requirements for Self-Explaining and Forgiving Level Crossing Infrastructure
Brussels, 28.03.2019
Grigore M. Havârneanu, PhD Research Advisor – UIC Security Division Background 2
Source: European Agency for Railways (ERA, 2018) This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and 3 innovation programme under grant agreement No 723205
Safer Level Crossing by integrating and optimizing road-rail infrastructure management and design
• Time frame: 01/05/2017 – 30/04/2020
• Budget: 4.9 M€
• Website www.safer-lc.eu
• Contact [email protected]
• @SAFERLC on Twitter
• #SAFERLC on social media Consortium 4
17 partners from 10 countries 8 European Union countries 2 associate countries
1 rail association (UIC) – Security Division (coord.) 1 road association (IRU) 2 IM & TOC (SNCF, TRAINOSE) 7 research institutes (CEREMA, CERTH-HIT, FFE, IFSTTAR, INTADER, VTT, DLR) 4 Universities (NTNU, RWTH, UNIROMA3, UTBM) 2 SMEs (COMM, GLS) Objectives 5
Improve safety and minimize risks at and around LCs
Focus on technical solutions Focus on human (early detection, communication processes (adapt the between vehicles) infrastructure to end-users, human centred measures, VRUs)
Develop a toolbox which will integrate all the project results and solutions Human Factor at LCs 6 Design for ‘self-explaining’ and ‘forgiving’ infrastructure
Analysis of HF in LC safety systems •Review a bibliographical database •Literature analysis according to a standard template •Identify key safety indicators concerning human errors and violations
HF methodological framework •Analyse how measures can be better adapted from a user perspective •Identify evaluation criteria •Focus on specific VRUs
Design and evaluation of HF low-cost measures •Collect information on countermeasures •Design new measures and/or upgrade existing ones •Evaluate the measures Challenges with user behaviour 7
Active LC with full barriers Circumventing closed barriers (climbing over / below) Passing the LC after pre-signaling has begun / while barriers are closing Getting caught between the barriers Getting stuck on the rails
Active LC with half-barriers / light protection Circumventing closed half-barriers (swerving around, climbing over / below) Passing the LC in spite of active light signals (e.g. flashing red light) Passing the LC after pre-signaling has begun / while barriers are closing Getting stuck on the rails
Passive LC Insufficient visual scanning of tracks for train Insufficient adaption of approach speed to scanning needs Expert Design Workshop Paris 8
38 road and rail systems experts 12 countries 2 groups per LC type full barrier half-barrier / light protection, passive) Using design-thinking methods
95 ideas for countermeasures expert ratings for 110 countermeasures on effectiveness, low-cost and innovativeness Human-centered low-lost measures 9
Perceiving the level crossing
1. Enhance the visibility of the crossing Human-centered low-lost measures 10
Perceiving the level crossing
2. Enhance the visibility of the train Human-centered low-lost measures 11
Perceiving the level crossing
3. Make road users implicitly slow down by creating the illusion of speeding Human-centered low-lost measures 12
Perceiving the level crossing 4. Make road users look where they are supposed to look
road sensor Human-centered low-lost measures 13
Retrieving relevant knowledge from long-term memory
1. Make LCs as self-explaining as possible (e.g. additional displays, second chance zones) 2. Use signs and symbols that road users are familiar with Human-centered low-lost measures 14
Retrieving relevant knowledge from long-term memory
3. Convey relevant messages via in-vehicle systems Human-centered low-lost measures 15
Choosing and executing appropriate actions
1. Create barriers to guide behavior 2. Create barriers to make violations more difficult 3. Demotivate road users to break the law Two key deliverables 16
Theory on road user behaviour • Deliverable D2.2 - Human factor methodological framework and application guide for testing (interim report) http://safer-lc.eu/IMG/pdf/saferlc_20180724_d22_v04_uic_hf_methodological_framework.pdf
Application (list of possible solutions) • Deliverable D2.3 - Definition of new human centred low cost countermeasures http://safer-lc.eu/IMG/pdf/saferlc_20181031_d23_v10web_dlr_definition_of_new_human-centred_low- cost_countermeasures.pdf 17 Systematic process
Keyword index
Tips & examples
Evaluation studies
Attached resources Support in selecting the most appropriate measures
Detailed guidance on measure implementation User feedback
Framework for structuring documented resources UIC Security Division: http://www.uic.org/security
Contact: [email protected] SAFER-LC Coordinator: [email protected]
#UICrail
Thank you for your kind attention.