Project SAFER-LC Focus on the Requirements for Self-Explaining and Forgiving Level Crossing Infrastructure Brussels, 28.03.2019 Grigore M. Havârneanu, PhD Research Advisor – UIC Security Division Background 2 Source: European Agency for Railways (ERA, 2018) This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and 3 innovation programme under grant agreement No 723205 Safer Level Crossing by integrating and optimizing road-rail infrastructure management and design • Time frame: 01/05/2017 – 30/04/2020 • Budget: 4.9 M€ • Website www.safer-lc.eu • Contact [email protected] • @SAFERLC on Twitter • #SAFERLC on social media Consortium 4 17 partners from 10 countries 8 European Union countries 2 associate countries 1 rail association (UIC) – Security Division (coord.) 1 road association (IRU) 2 IM & TOC (SNCF, TRAINOSE) 7 research institutes (CEREMA, CERTH-HIT, FFE, IFSTTAR, INTADER, VTT, DLR) 4 Universities (NTNU, RWTH, UNIROMA3, UTBM) 2 SMEs (COMM, GLS) Objectives 5 Improve safety and minimize risks at and around LCs Focus on technical solutions Focus on human (early detection, communication processes (adapt the between vehicles) infrastructure to end-users, human centred measures, VRUs) Develop a toolbox which will integrate all the project results and solutions Human Factor at LCs 6 Design for ‘self-explaining’ and ‘forgiving’ infrastructure Analysis of HF in LC safety systems •Review a bibliographical database •Literature analysis according to a standard template •Identify key safety indicators concerning human errors and violations HF methodological framework •Analyse how measures can be better adapted from a user perspective •Identify evaluation criteria •Focus on specific VRUs Design and evaluation of HF low-cost measures •Collect information on countermeasures •Design new measures and/or upgrade existing ones •Evaluate the measures Challenges with user behaviour 7 Active LC with full barriers Circumventing closed barriers (climbing over / below) Passing the LC after pre-signaling has begun / while barriers are closing Getting caught between the barriers Getting stuck on the rails Active LC with half-barriers / light protection Circumventing closed half-barriers (swerving around, climbing over / below) Passing the LC in spite of active light signals (e.g. flashing red light) Passing the LC after pre-signaling has begun / while barriers are closing Getting stuck on the rails Passive LC Insufficient visual scanning of tracks for train Insufficient adaption of approach speed to scanning needs Expert Design Workshop Paris 8 38 road and rail systems experts 12 countries 2 groups per LC type full barrier half-barrier / light protection, passive) Using design-thinking methods 95 ideas for countermeasures expert ratings for 110 countermeasures on effectiveness, low-cost and innovativeness Human-centered low-lost measures 9 Perceiving the level crossing 1. Enhance the visibility of the crossing Human-centered low-lost measures 10 Perceiving the level crossing 2. Enhance the visibility of the train Human-centered low-lost measures 11 Perceiving the level crossing 3. Make road users implicitly slow down by creating the illusion of speeding Human-centered low-lost measures 12 Perceiving the level crossing 4. Make road users look where they are supposed to look road sensor Human-centered low-lost measures 13 Retrieving relevant knowledge from long-term memory 1. Make LCs as self-explaining as possible (e.g. additional displays, second chance zones) 2. Use signs and symbols that road users are familiar with Human-centered low-lost measures 14 Retrieving relevant knowledge from long-term memory 3. Convey relevant messages via in-vehicle systems Human-centered low-lost measures 15 Choosing and executing appropriate actions 1. Create barriers to guide behavior 2. Create barriers to make violations more difficult 3. Demotivate road users to break the law Two key deliverables 16 Theory on road user behaviour • Deliverable D2.2 - Human factor methodological framework and application guide for testing (interim report) http://safer-lc.eu/IMG/pdf/saferlc_20180724_d22_v04_uic_hf_methodological_framework.pdf Application (list of possible solutions) • Deliverable D2.3 - Definition of new human centred low cost countermeasures http://safer-lc.eu/IMG/pdf/saferlc_20181031_d23_v10web_dlr_definition_of_new_human-centred_low- cost_countermeasures.pdf 17 Systematic process Keyword index Tips & examples Evaluation studies Attached resources Support in selecting the most appropriate measures Detailed guidance on measure implementation User feedback Framework for structuring documented resources UIC Security Division: http://www.uic.org/security Contact: [email protected] SAFER-LC Coordinator: [email protected] #UICrail Thank you for your kind attention..