2434 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-- HOUSE.. FEBRUARY .l2, sociation o.f New York, against the compmtation clause of the cils of the nation; but rather .let us rejoice that be lived and homestead act-to the Committee on the Public Lands. wrought and left behind him the memory of a character - Also, petiti:on of the ·Merchants' Association of New York, for worthy of all emul~tion. Peace to his ashes and youth to his passage of billS. 22G2-to the Committee on Interstate and .For­ soul, which we dare to bope ·sweeps on ·in unbroken continuity eign Commerce. to larger con-quests and greater victari.es in the realms of eter- Also, petition of the .American Federation of Manufacturers, nal day. _ of Washington, D. C., favoring the passage of bill H. R. 18424:---­ Inspire the minds and hearts of those who shall speak here to the Committee on Naval Affairs. to-day of his deeds and character, and God grant that depart­ By Mr. McMORRAN: Petition of citizens of Maple Grove, ing we shall leave the world a little better· that we have lived Mich., against religious legislation-to the Committee on the and wrought ; and everlasting praise be Thine, through Jesus District of Columbia. Christ our Lord. Amen. By Mr. MIERS of Indiana.: Petition of .citizens of Hunting­ The J" ournal of the proceedings of yesterdily was ·read and ·ap­ ton, Ind., against religious legislation in the District of Colum­ pro~ed. bia-to the Committee on the District of Columbia. EULOGIES ON THE LATE RON. GEO.RGE FRISBIE HOAB. · By Mr. PORTER: Petition of, the board of directors of the Philadelphia Bourse, favoring an ·extension of the term 'Of ten Mr. LOVERING. .Mr. Speaker, I offer the following resolu- years of contracts for pneumatic-tube service-to the Committee ~~ - - on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Massa­ Also, petition of the Woman's Home Missionary Society of the chusetts offers the following resoluti'Ons., which the Clerk will re­ Smithfield Street Methodist Episcopal Church, against repeal port. . of the anticanteen law-to the Committee on Military Affairs. "The Clerk read as follows~ · Also, petition of the same society, favoring bill H. R. 4072-to · Resolved, That, in pursuance of the special order heretofore adopted, the Committee on the Judiciary. the House proceed to pay tribute to the memory o! Hon. GEORGE FRISBim Also, petition of members of the Woman's Missionary Society HoAR, l.ate a Senator from the State of Massachusetts. Resolved, That as a particular mark of respect to the melil!lry of the of the Lincoln A venue Methodist Church, against repeal of the deceased, and in ;recognition of his eminent abilities as a faithful and ~nticanteen Jaw-to the Committee on Military Affairs. distinguished public servant, the House, at the conclusion of the memo- Also, petition of the .same society, favoring bill H. R. 4072--to rial proceedings of this day, shall stand adjourned. ~ Resolved, That the Clerk communicate these reaolutlons to the Senate. the Committee on the Judiciary. Resolved, That the Clerk be, and is liereby, Instructed to send a copy By Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama: Paper to accompany of these resolutions to the tamily of the deceased. bill for relief of children of Mitchell Jetton-to the Committee The question was taken; and the resolutions were ummi- on War Claims. mously agreed to. · By Mr. RIDER: Petition of citizens of St." Lawrence County and Wellesville, N. Y., against religious legislation in the Dis­ Mr. LOVERING. Mr. Speaker, some men there are who trict of Columbia-to the Committee on the District of Columbia. have reached a great age and yet have lived but half liv-es. Also, petition of citizens of Wellesville and Andover, N. Y., Senator GEORGE FnrsBm HoAB Jived a full and complete life in against religious legislation in the District of Columbia-to the the best sense. · Committee on the District of Columbia. He touched the world at all points, and drew inspiration from By Mr. ROBINSON of Indiana: Paper to accompany bill for every worthy source. , relief of Benjamin F. Tinkha.m-to the Committee on Invalid- Every waking hour found him :Occupied, if not in absorbing Pensions. _ _ the riches <>f all knowledge, then in working out the great By Mr. RODEY : Petition of citizens of various towns and problems of civil government. cities in mass meetings in every county and town of New Mex­ Great men make a great nation, an.d no nation is greater ico, urging concurrence of the House with the Senate amend­ than the men who make it. ment of the statehood bill-to the Committee on the Territories. No one realized this better than Senator HoAR, and so, while By Mr. RUPPERT : Petition of the American Hardware modestly filling his own niche, he _points with peculiar acumen lfanufacturers' Association, relative to the public lands and and appreciation to the gL·eat men and statesmen who have con­ f.orestry-to the Committee on the Public Lands. trolled the destinies of nations, and especially of our own. By Mr. RYAN: Petition of the Maritime Association of New The men and women whom .he met were all the world t o him. York, for provisions to destroy derelicts in the North Atlantic­ He cherished them for the good that was In them. That they to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. played so important a part in his life is shown by the fact Also, petition of the American Hardware Association, for that in his autobiography he mentioned not less than a thousand repeal of the timber and stone act-to the Committee on the men and wo.men whom he had either met and known or whose Public Lands. lives he had studied and admired. BY- Mr. WANGER: Petition of tl;le Patriotic Order Sons of American liberty was dear to him, and he would have every America of southern Pennsylvania, for restriction of immigra- one enjoy it. tion-to the Committee on Immigration ani! Naturalization. · He abhorred manacles, whether upon himself .or his fellow­ By Mr. WOOD : Petition of citizens of Franklin, N. J., favor­ men; whether they f~ttered his limbs or his conscience, his ing a constitutional · amendment abolishing polygamy-to the body or his soul. Committee on the Judiciary. He could not have lived in Russia. He might have died in Siberia.. At all events, had his lot been cast in a country with­ out a constitution his life would have been given to bringing the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. people to the enjoyment of a free gover:nment. Mr. HoA.B was a master of language. Words were his willing SUNDAY, February 1~, 1905. slaves and fell into line at his command, whether to overthrow The HouSe-met" at 12 o'clock m. an opponent in debate, to point an argument in court, or to Mr. WILLIAM J. BROWNING, Chief Clerk, announced that the illuminate a beautiful page in history. Speaker had designated Hon_ GEORGE P. LAWRENCE as Speaker If occasion required, he could lash with sarcasm. It smarted pro tempore for this day. for a time, but it never blistered. The Chaplain, "the Rev. HENRY N. CoUDEN, D. D., offered the To see Senator HoAR among his books in his own library was following prayer : to see him at his best and in his happiest frame of mind. His Eternal Spirit, God, our heavenly Father, in response to a books were precious to him~ and while he· valued them for their beautiful and long-established .custom, we are assembled here contents .he w'Ould almost caress them like children in his fond­ to-day in memory of one who served his country long and well ness for them. in both branches of the National Congress, and who, though Mr. HoAR was an enthusiastic and intelligent traveler. His­ dead, still lives in the hearts of his countrymen; whose lips, torical places had for him an infinite charm, and he sought them though hushed, still speak in eloquence for the downtrodden out with a direct and unerring instinct. and oppressed; whose heart, though still, yet throbs in the life I remember meeting him once in the old part of London. Xot of his nation. A scholar, a patriot, a statesman, broad in his in Temple Bar, not in Westminster, nor the Tower., where Ameri­ conceptions, fiTID in hiS convictions, with unbounded faith in can travelers are wont to frequent, but ·down in the narrow. God and man. We honor him for what h~ did, and yet more lanes by Crosby House and in the old b unts of th~ enriy, for what he wa.s. Gentle, sweet, tender in his home, revered kings. , by his friends, beloved by his neighbors, honored by his fellow­ For hours we wandered about in out-of-the-way places. He citizens. We are not here to mourn, though he will be missed was entirely at home and pointed out to me spots of histori~'ll by those near and dear to him, by his friends, and in the conn- and literary interest of which I · ad never dreamed. He fou·na 1905. ·CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2435

his way-about through the byways and obscure passages like-a · and consent. of _the Senate." . In this advice _the consent of. two-thirds of · the Senate _must concur. Now, do you think that I ought, when professional ciceron('. _ ' - considerably more than two-thh·ds of the Senate do not concur, and · Senator HoAR was early at the crai:l1e of the Republican party. contrary to my sense of what is for the public interest, to vote for the He stood as one of its sponsors and never _forgot his vow to bring treaty because of my party, or because the majority of the people ap­ prove tt? I do not, in fact, believe that a majority of the American it to a full and complete confirmation. people approve it, and I do not think that a majority of my own party The party did not always follow his lead; it did not always will a great while. But that is not material to this particular ques­ do as he would have it do; but he never forsook it, and this is tion. Am I bound by the Constitution and my oath to vote upon the merits of the question as I see it, or have I a right, violating my oath . nil the more remarkable because he was a man of such intense and violating the Constitution, to surrender my opinion to that of a feelings and strong convictions. He was the best exponent we majority of the party, and act against it? When you cast a vote in have ever seen of a party man. the House of Repre entatives under such a constraint you wlll be a very different man from the Mr. LOVERING I have so long known and I could easily fall into a personal and reminiscent vein, for I honored. knew Senator HoAR a large part of my life. It was he who first I am, with high regard, faithfully yours, suggestell. to me the idea of becoming a Member of this House, GEo. F. HoAR. and all through my term of service he has been most encour­ Hon. WILLIAM C. LOVERING. aging nnd helpful. 'l'his letter is submitted without comment, excepting to say · I ha•e not always agreed with him, but so consiu<:lrate was he that as it gives a true insight into the character of a great that in differing ft·om him I did not forfeit his respect nor lose man it should be published. It is entirely to his credit and in his friendship. keeping with a perfectly consistent life. Probably one of the most trying periods in his public life When next 1\iassl!c-husetts shall be asked to place a statue was during the debate and ratification of the Spanish treaty. of one of her distinguished men in the National Capitol she can 'l'he treaty was ·ratified by the Senate February 6, 1899, late not pay a higher tribute to herself than by selecting the late in the afternoon, and it so happened that I went over to the Senator HoAR for that honor. Senate next morning to ask Senator HoAR to get the appropria­ tion in the river and harbor bill incre~sed for Plymouth Harbor. 1\Ir. GILLETT of Massachusetts. It was appropriate that A great storm had washed away a mile of break-water. and the historical oration upon the events and achievements of 1\fr. I said to him that there was danger of Plymouth Rock being HoAR's life should have been delivered in the Senate, the scene washed away. He replied very seriously, and almost with of his most conspicuous public service and the body with which tears in his eyes, "Mr. LOVERING, Plymouth Rock was washed his name and fame will ever be associated, but he was also a away yesterday afternoon at 4 o'clock." prominent and useful Member of this House in his earlier man­ I would nof refer to this chapter in his history were it not hood, and it is appropriate that we, too, should express our ap­ that while differing from him I had the utmost respect for his preciation and our sorrow, although the superb eulogy by Sena­ attitude upon the question, and as it was the subject of a brief tor LoDGE has portrayed his characteristics and achievements correspondence between us at the time and that his letter may with a fidelity and beauty and completeness that makes further be on record, I t..'lke this occasion to reatl two letters that passed speech superfluous. between us. . Yet l feel that I must add a word testifying to my personal HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, admiration and affection. With us of a younger generation Washingtot~, D. C., February S, J899. his intercourse was so kindly and helpful, he was so free from Hon. GEORGE F. RoAn, assumption or arrogance, and his conversation was always so United States Senate, Washington, D. C. entertaining and instructive, abounding in reminiscences of . MY DEAR SEXATOR : I trust that you are alive to the great responsi­ blllty you are taking upon yourself in .defeating the treaty. great men and great events that our personal loss is irreparable. ' If a single drop of American blood is shed, will it not bring the bitter When a great man dies our natural query is, Wherein lay execration of the American peo~le upon your head. to say nothing of the his · gr-eatness, where was the hiding of his power? I think misery that will follow an inevitable business panic? Can it be that you, and almost you alone, of all the Republicans in we wi11 all agree that Mr. HoAR's success was no result of the Senate are right and they are wrong? Can it be that the spirit of chance, that it was not any accident that wafted him to emi­ patriotism has gone out of two-thirds of your peers and rests only in nence. In whatever sphere of life he had been born he would one-third, and that thh·d made up of the enemies of the Administration and the party of yonr life? have made himself a man of mark. He was endowed with that You do not deplore the situation in the Philippines more than I do. restless, questioning, indomitable energy which examines and I am opposed to imperialism, I am opposed. to expansion, but believe investigates everything, which would be an engine powerful that greater troubles and greater sorrows await our country from the defeat of the treaty than from its ratification. enough to drive any man to some success, and which when ap­ Nothing but my lifelong admiration for you, amounting almost to plied as motive force behind his clear, strong, penetrating intel­ idolatry, gives me the right to speak to you like this. . lect propelled it unerringly through all obstacles and attained It may be said that the question is greater than any party, but is it greater than the people? I believe that ·the people throughout the great results. country would, by an overwhelming majority, vote to ratify the treaty. 'l'he overmodest statement of Daniel Webster that he was con- I remain, . scions of no genius except a genius for hard work was more true Yours, very sincerely, WM. C. LOVERING. of Mr. HoAR. Without great natural endowments he could never have won his brilliant triumphs, but he spared no toil in COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY, arriving at his conclusions or defending them, and so in his UNITED STATES SENATE, Washington, D. C., February 8, 1899. later years his mind was an arsenal full of rich spoils from MY DEAR Sm: I feel deeply the responsibility that rests upon me. which he could draw on any occasion. His life well illustrates But I ruust do my duty as God gives me to see it. He never gave me the verse-- to see anything more clearly since I stood with the little band of Free Soilers in my youth, vnd again with the little band of men who resisted The heights by great men reached and kept the Know-nothing craze in 1854, than I see my duty in this matter. Were not attained by sudden fiight, I Charles Sumner before the war. Perhaps you can an­ swer it for yourself by first answering the questions- whether the scholar in politics is not a failure. We hear the Whether righteousness be greater than the people. boast for men high in public service that they are not pedants Whether truth be greater than the· people. Whether justice be greater than the people. or theorists; that they are men of the people, practical politi­ Whether freedom be greater than the people. cians, good workers if not good speakers, able to accomplish It is certainly greater than any one party, or any one generation. results if not to convince or please an audience. All honor to Now, my friend, I would like to ask you to consider a question : the men who by their own h·aining and force have made their You and I have taken a solemn oath to support the Constitution. The Constitution provides that no treaty shall be adopted w!thout the ap-· way to power. But I do not doubt that a broad culture would: proval, or to use the precise phrase of the Constitution, the ." advice have rna.de them more useful. Certainly Mr. HoAR's career 2436 e .ONGRESSIONA~ RECORD-HOUSE. r FEBRUARY 12, - - singularly illustrated the assistance education ma! give. I_lls . His love of ·country has been spoken of as a passion, as an retentive memory held ever at hand stores of materml on which 1 intense and mastering emotion. Indeed, he once defined love of he could draw not only to illustrate his speeches and fill them country to be the highest and purest of human affeetions, the with classical allusions which so charm and stimulate the ap- master passion of the loftiest natures. A man of intense con­ preciative hearer, but which also enabled him to repel assaults victions of undoubted loyalty to his party and his State, hi~ and discomfit opponents. Culture tends, perhaps, to make a object Jas ever his whole country. He sought the progress and man more theoretical and less pr~ctical because it teac~es him development of every State, and was never moved by petty sec- to search out fundamental prinCiples and base his actwn not tionalism. · on momentary popularity but eternal right. It lifts the compass by which he guides his life out of the confiicting currents raging This nation is a composite­ about him into a serener and clearer atmosphere; but if it He said. makes him at times at odds with the world, he is more sure in It is made up of many streams. The quality, hope, and destiny: of tile long run to be consistent, to be right, and to be approved, as onr land are expressed in the phrase of our fathers, E pluribus unum­ was Senator HoAR. . of many, one; of many States, one nation; of many races, one people; In the high literary finish which marked his work in the of many creeds, one faith ; of many bended knees, one family of God. Senate Mr. HoAR was but following Massachusetts precedents. Be was very happy in the thought that the bitter feeling From the first the men who have represented our State and gr·owing out of the great conflict of the civil war was passing greatly influenced our national _history, the men we look back away, that the sections were again being bound together by upon with pride and gratitude, have exemplified cul~ur.e as. well the ties of citizenship. He tried to teach the lesson that the as force. As you look through the long 11ne of distinguished North and the South ·are indispensable to each other, that it is men who have established the standard for a Massachusetts only through a genuine and indissoluble union that the United Senator, from Adams down through Webster, Choate, and States can fulfill its mighty destiny and become a power for Everett and Sumner to HoAR and LonGE, you can but feel a good among the nations of the earth. He had an abiding faith thrill of pride in their achievement and. recognize admiringly that however separated the States had become by differences not only the native power, but the scholarship, the assiduous they would at last surely be drawn together by a common love art and labor, which has made their works American classics; of liberty and a common faith in God. Each pas.sing year is and you can but wonder whether the practical statesman of proving that such faith was justified. He had a strong sense to-day, with all his astuteness and skill in producing results, of justice, and did not permit his own positive convictions to does not belong to a lesser type and measure up to a lower blind him to the honest and worthy motives which actuated standard than those giants of the past. · those who differed with him. To be faithful to the truth as he . At all events, we can rest assured that Senator HoAR felt the saw it was his motive, and he freely conceded to opponents equal inspiration of his ,great predecessors, that he strove nobly on honesty of purpose. And from none have come more generous their exalted plane, that he condescended to nothing of which words of appreciation and affection for GEORGE F'BISBIE HoAR they would be ashamed, that he too left models of clear thought than have been spoken by those who fought for the lost cause~ and glowinO' eloquence, and Massachusetts may well feel con­ He is mourned to-day not alone by the people of the North. In tent that h:, her latest son, has kept alive her old traditions of the eloquent words of Senator DANIEL, of Virginia, "All the power and importance, has held high her old standards of States bow their heads beside his tomb. Together they bind. character and ability and scholarship and eloquence, and has their wreaths of honor and affection and lay them encircled added another to that long list of illustrious statesmen who, there." by their bearing in the Senate Chamber, have brought glory A sincere Christian, he loved to teach peace, good will, broth­ and influence to their proud Commonwealth an<} have affected erly kindness, and charity to all men. He was one of those who the current of the nation's history. are eyer striving to bring in the Kingdom of God. That the power which created this world of ours is c~nscious and ben~fi­ Mr. LAWRENCE. Mr. Speaker, Senator HoAR has gone. His cent was to him a supreme certainty, and upon that foundation ~rreat work here is finished.. With no thought of self he gave the rested his hope of immortality. To his mind things about which best that was in him to the State. During a long life there had .Christians differ are in the main nonessential. He couldp been but one thought-to serve his country with all his strength therefore, as he said, have "no patience with the spirit which and with all his ability. His was in very truth a consecrated would excite religious strife. It is as much out of place as tJ;le service. And that life of self-sacrifice is appreciated. . With withcraft delusion or the fires of Smithfield." However devoted one voice the American people are saying, "Well done, good men might be to a sect or denomination, he would have them and faithful servant." On every hand there is sincere expres­ work together in the fellowship of the church universal. sion of a sense of personal loss. Men of every political faith I can not close without referring to his unfailing kindness, are bearing testimony to his great abilities, to the purity of his courtesy, and helpfulness to the younger men who were as oci· life and the nobility of his character. ated with him. To them he was a personal friend and their loss Others have sketched in detail the story of his life. They is a personal one. They were always sure of a pleasant smile have told of his ancestry; of his boyhood at Concord and his and a kindly greeting from him. An indefatigable worker, he life at Harvard· of his success at the bar; of the part he bore was · never too busy to aid them in any way that he could, t~ in the great ba'ttle against huinan slav~ry; of his serv_ice in give them the benefit of his long experience and to help them the House of Representatives, and of his great career m the over the rough places by wise suggestions. His counsel was Senate. They have spoken of his unselfish and untiri~g in­ encouraging and inspiring. Companionship with him brought dustry, his profound learning, his eloquence, and his remarka~le good cheer. The world seemed brighter and life had more ot influence in shaping legislation and in the solution of the diffi­ promise and hope. cult problems which have confronted the American people. As Senator HoAR never sought office. His ambition was to con­ I listened to the words of his associates in the Senate I was tinue his successful career at the bar. He loved his home and impressed, as all must have been, with their absolut~ sinceri~. his books and his profession. He preferred the comforts and They loved. and respected Senator HoAR because daily service opportunities of private life to any distinction which might come with him had shown them that he was always loyal, always from public life. But the people called him,. and request from true to the highest ideals, always striving for the welfare of them was a command. His long service involved personal sacri­ his country. fice but he had an ample and satisfying reward in the con· He was one or the founders of the Republican party. He has sci~usness of work well done and in the unbounded confidence said that no political party in history was ever formed for ob­ of an appreciative constituency. jects so great and noble, and that no political party in history A great man has passed away, but the results of his work will was ever so great in its accomplishment for liberty, progress, live. Memories of him will bring good cheer and encouragement and law. But notwithstanding his loyalty to party (a loyalty to ail who love their country and seek to be of service to their which lasted until the end) he was true to his own convictions fellow-citizens. W~ should not think of him as dead. Indeed- of right ud wrong, and when he believed his party to be wrong There are no dead ; we fall asleep, opposed it With all his energy ap.d ability. Never did he op~e To waken where they never weep. any policy with greater force .~d. eloquence than th~t of ?Is We close our eyes to pain and sin, party with reference to the Ph1hppme Islands. That m takmg Our breath ebbs out, but life flows in. this position he was following the dictates of his conscience was never questioned by the Republicans of Massachusetts. lie l\Ir. GILLETT of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, my colleague, would not have been the Senator whom they tr~sted so long Mr. McCALL, has been confined to his home by illness for sev­ and implicitly had he ever favored a party policy which he be­ eral days and has asked me to express to the llouse his extreme lieved to be wrong. 'There was no reason to fear that they re

· Mr. THAYER. Mr. Speaker, in tlie death of Senator HoAR tained in the phrase, " "Who will haul down the flag?" I have the nation has lost one of its greatest statesmen and Massachu­ yet to learn of a clearer or more correct exposition and complete setts one of her first citizens. He was spared to a ripe old answer to that inquiry than is contained in the language of age, retaining his faculties and activities unimpaired till near Senator HoAR in his great speech on April 17, 1900, when he the end. On the 30th day of September, 1904, be passed away said: at his home in Worcester, surrounded by his family and friends. Certainly the flag should never be lowered from any moral field over lie had been in failing health but a short time before his death. which It has once waved. To follow the flag is to .follow the principles He remained in attendance upon his duties in the Senate until of .freedom and humanity .for which it stands. To claim that we must follow it when it stands .for injustice or oppression is like claiming the close of the second session of the Fifty-eighth Congress. that we must take the nostrUDlS of the quack doctor who stamps it on Reconciled and with serene composure, awaiting the final dis­ his wares, or follow every scheme o.f wickedness or fraud, if only the solution, he became the center of a nation's love and re(!,eived, flag be put. at the head of tb.e prosp.ectus. as he justly merited, the benedictions of a grateful people. No one loved the flag and w]lat is stands for more than did 1'Vith Christian resignation. he bowed to the divine decree. Senator HoAR, and few men have stated more correctly wben The announcement of his death caused general mourning by and where it should be supported and defended thun did he in all the citizens of his beloved State of all parties, classes, and the language ab9ve quoted. conditions of men. The habiliments of mourning were displayed Senator HoAR was not permitted to live long enough to see from every home where thoughtful and grateful people dwell. his great efforts, the greatest of his later life, in behalf of the l\Iessages of sympathy, condolence, and sorrow came from across Philippine people crowned- with success and the results and ac­ the continent. complishments they so richly deserved, nor to witness what the Few public men were better loved when living or more deeply outcome and lasting effect of the policy of his pal'ty, which he mourned when dead. Great as he was in life, he is surpassing opposed, toward the Philippines is really to be. great in death. Time will not allow upon an occasion like this for one to spE!ak of but a few of the marked characteristics of To his loved land he gave, without a stain, Courag·e and faith, vain faith, and coura~e vai.n. • this great and good man, characteristics and attributes which He, subtle, strong, and stubborn, gave his hfe made him the great exemplar to those who come after him-the · To a lost cause, and knew the gift was vain. great national figure he was. Later shall rise a people sane and great, He was faithful to truth as-he saw it, to duty as he under­ Forged in strong fires, by equal war made one, stood it, to consitutional liberty as he conceived it. A man is Telling old battles over without hate, great only in comparison with his fellow-men. Measured by Noble, his name shall pass from sire to son. this standard Senator HoAR holds high station among the first men of his age. He exemplified his greatness in his devotion Senator HoAR died, as he lived, in the firm conviction that the and service to the paramount ideals of his manhood ; he was. policy he 'advocated toward the Philippines was the correct constant and devoted in his integrity to the principles be pro­ and true policy, and that the policy which the Administration fessed. of his own party had adopted would in the end prove dangerous He loved liberty with an intensity shared by few. This and subversive to the best interests and good name ·of the seemed to be his controlling passion through a long and hon­ American people. ored life. It compelled him to defend the right of asylum for He felt that the die was cast and that nothing but the sobering the Chinese upon our soil. He was always solicitous for the influences of time and effect could eradicate the error and right .welfare of our Indian wards. He was the constant champion of the wrong; and in the closing sentences of his great speech of the cause of the colored -race; their sure friend in the time of April 17 he accepts the inevitable, recanting nothing and re­ their extremity. His love of liberty for all people fitted to se­ affirming all that he had said and done in the cause of liberty, · cure and enjoy it led him to espouse the cause of the inhabitants humanity, and righteousness. · These are his last parting words of the Philippine Islands. He repelled the suggestion of their to his associates and the American people on this subject: being held subjects of an independent republic. With his ideas I know how feeble is a single voice amid this din and tempest, this of the eternal fitness of things he could not conceive how a delirium of empire. It may be that the battle for this day is lost. But I have an assured faith in the future. I have an assured faith people loving liberty, and securing it through blood, carnage, in justice and the love of liberty of the American people. The stars and war, should deny Uberty to others seeking and demanding in their courses fight for freedom. The Ruler of the heavens is on It. He had no ~pathy with the popular acclaim of empire that side. If the battle to-day go against it, I appeal to another day, not di.stant and sure to come. I appeal from the clapping of hands and expansion when these were to be secured at the cost of lib­ and the stamping of feet and the brawling and shouting to the quiet erty. He could not conceive how, upon any principle of justice chamber where the fathers gathered in Philadelphia. I appeal from or righteousness, the liberty and independence of a people could the empire to the Republic. I appeal from the millionaire, and the boss, and the wire-puller, and the manager to the statesman of the be bartered away for sordid commercial exploitation. elder time, in whose eyes a guinea never glistened, who lived and died When his party denied liberty to their fellow-men and strayed poor, and who left to his children and his countrymen a good name from the path of justice and righteousness and abandoned the far better than riches. I appeal from the present, bloated with ma~ terial prosperity, drunk with the lust of empire, to another and a better high ideals for which he believed his party should stand, he age. I appeal from the present to the future and to the past. broke away from his fellow-leaders in his party and threw him­ self into the breach, battling valiantly and ably for the rights ~enator HoAR ·had the courage of his convictions in a p-re­ and liberties of the Philippine people. It must Uave been a emrnent degree. I know of no man in modern times who great trial and disappointment for him, the long-trusted leader excelled him in courage to declare his convictions in civil and of his party, to part company with his associates of a lifetime, political matters and to accept the consequences. He seemed his friends, and his Administration. But he heard the call to to be perfectly oblivious to the injurious effect any declara­ 'duty and the cry of the oppressed, the entreaties and prayers tion of his might have upon himself, politically or otherwise. of a people seeking liberty. He could not turn a deaf ear to When others, through discretion or temerity, halted, he boldly their supplications. His history and the history of his beloved stepped to the front and led the charge, regardless of how the country were behind him. He never had faltered under like result of the contest might affect himself. One noted example -conditions ; he could not now. There was no doubt or uncer­ of this is found in his argument before the Senate in the tainty clouding his vision. He needed no time for reflection or Belknap impeachment trial, and I reproduce it here as charac­ decision. His cou-rse of action was as clear to him as the noon­ teristic of him Q.uring his whole political career. I believe that 'day sun. He never did and could not now compromise with few men just entering, as he was. upon their political careers dishonor and injustice. And when the future historian, re­ would have had the courage, had they been possessed of the moved from the strife, the clamor, and the prejudice of the pres­ . information and occupying the position he di{). ·to arr'aign his ent, impartially writes the history of this perio(l, it will be party associates and men in official positions as he did upon made to appear that the position taken upon the Philippine that occasion. · question by Senator HoAB was the just, patriotic, and correct Hear his masterly denunciation of corruption in high places one, and the honor his name will then secure will more than and bribery in office : compensate for the great sacrifices he made, for all he suffered My own publlc life has been a very brief and insignificant one ex­ and endured for conscience sake, and it should never be forgot­ tending a little beyond the duration of a single term of Senatorial ten that in his course on this Philippine question he followed office; but. in that brief period I have seen five judges 'of a high court of the vmted ~tates driven from office by threats of impeachment for not only the dictates of his conscience and his mature and wise maladmmistration. I have heard the taunt' from the friendliest lips judgment, but he departed not from the path that Phillips Sum- that when the United States presented herself in the East to take ner, and Lincoln trod. ' part with the civilized world in generous competition. in the arts of life the only product of her institutions in which she .surpassed all In the great debates which attended the Administration policy othl'rs beyond question was her corruption. I have seen, in the State toward the Philippines, which policy Senator HoAR constantly of the Union foremost in power and wealth, four judges of her courts criticised and denounced, there was no more potent factor, no impeached for corruption and the political administration of her chief city become a disgrace and a byWord throughout the world. I have more popular acclaim, than was found in· the sentiment con- seen the ch~rman of the Committee on Military Affairs in the House, 2438 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 12, ·.

now a distinguished member of this court, rise In- his place and de­ govern themselves in their own way was but the voice of his mand the expulsion of four of · his associates for making sale of their official prlvllt'ge of selecting the youths to be educated at our great ance~try that had defied the might of kings when it usurped military school. When the greatest railroad in the world, binding to­ the rights of men. gether the continent and uniting two great seas which wash our shor~s. And now this man has passed out of our vision, but not out was finished, I have -seen our national triumph and exultation turned to bitterness and shame by the unanimous reports of three committees of our memory. He will be remembered as a great man, but, of Congress-two of the House and one here--that every.,step of that what is better, he will be loved as a good man. When the mighty enterprise was taken in fraud. I have heard in highest places deeds of men the glitter of whose lives was as the cold bril­ the shameless doctrine avowed by men grown old in public office that the true way by which power should be gained in the Republic is to liancy of the diamond are forgotten, the life of GEORGE FRISBIE bribe the people with the offices created for their service, and the true HoAR wil be recalled as one that shone like the blood-red ruby, end for which it should be used when gained is the promotion of selfish combining the warmth of a grand soul with the effulgence of ambition and the gratification of personal revenge. I have heard that suspicion haunts the footsteps of the trusted companions of the Presi­ a great mind. dent. Mr. GREENE. Mr. Speaker, I accept the duty which devolves Mr. SULLIVAN of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, the eulogies upon me as representing in part the great Commonwealth of of GEORGE J!'RISBIE HoAR contain such an able and exhaustive Massachusetts in paying tribute to the memory of the late discussion of his life and his services to our country that ad­ Senator GEORQE FRISBIE HoAR, realizing my inability adequately ditional addresses must seem like supererogation. to express the just appreciation with which the constituents I I rise simply in appreciation of the value of his work, not have the honor especially to represent held this most marvelous. -only to the country, but to our public men. For his life is full .and distinguished man during his long and eminently successful of 1essons, which if pondered will surely raise the ideals of our life. public officials. The city in which I have lived from my youth-the city of He died, after a life of nearly fourscore years, full of honors, Fall -River-is one of the most cosmopolitan cities in the coun­ but with little of this world's riches. Public service of nearly try, having within its limits possibly every naWmality on the half a century had left him a comparatively poor man. But face of the earth, more than 80 per cent of its population being he carried to his grave--and it will last while men have of foreign birth or being by direct descent from those born on memory-that which is better than riches, the undying love of foreign soil. His tender sympathy with the oppressed and the the people of the United States for his li~elong battle against downtrodden, his courage and fortitude in defending freedom every form of corruption that threatened the purity of our pub­ of thought and freedom of action in both religious and secular lic service and the permanence of our institutions. It is pleas­ affairs, found a ready response among a people who bad emi­ ant indeed to see that though in his lifetime, when moved by grated from other lands to seek an asylum where the rights of righteous il).dignation; he dealt powerful blows to that system men would be respected and the privileges of religious freedom which was subversive of human liberty, to-day the voice of the .would be guaranteed. South is raised to pay tribute to the great man whom once 'l'o them Senator HoAB represented the highest type of Ameri­ they did not understand, but whom they learned to love. can citizenship, and the people of that community rejoiced when­ He was a constant foe to every form of race hatred and-re­ ever he came among them. Tbey read with satisfaction his ligious intolerance. An American of Americans himself, he vigorous criticisms of those who tried to confine him within refused to stanc1 with those who would shut the nation's doors the narrow limits of religious prejudice in determining the against the poor and the oppressed of the world, for his broad worth or qualification for public service of hi~ fellow-men. mind would not permit him to regard one set of God's creatures 1\ly earliest recollections of him began with the agitation for • as so inferior to ourselves that we should deny them the oppor­ the destruction of the great curse of human slavery. The arrest tunity to breathe with us His air and enjoy with us His sun­ of Anthony Burns and his return by the Commonwealth in obe­ shine. dience to law as an escaped fugitive slave awakened the con­ Though a Protestant whose faith was strong and uncompro­ science and determination of the people of Massachusetts to mising, he saw the seas of Knownothingism and A. P. A.-ism prevent future repetitions of this appalling and unwelcome exhi­ sweep over our country, carrying with them a flood of bitter bition of holding human beings in perpetual bondage. animosities, hateful discriminations, and foul wrongs, and he Senator HoAB never faltered in his belief that slavery was manfully withstood the current, buffeting its waves with the wrong, and, regardless of po1itical associations which had same vigor with which he would have repelled an attack upon endeared him to his friends and made him prominent in th~ the religion of his fathers. He lived to see the men whom he political councils of the Whig party, he forsook them all and defended against the first of these proscriptive movements became one of the most prominent leaders in the Free Soil party, march with those of his own race and faith to battle for the a party which had for its avowed purpose the destruction of preservation of the Union when its integrity was menaced. He human slavery as a blot and curse long endured by a people saw them settle down to the pursuits of peace, saw them help­ who had endeavored to found a nation devoted to the principles ing in every field of industry to build up the country's greatness, of human freedom and the maintenance of equality and human saw them educate their children to love the flag their fathers rights. · had fought to defend, and saw them again attacked by a new 'l'he revelations of history of the last half century demon­ set of religious bigots marshaled under the old banner of hate, sh·ate beyond dispute that had his preeminent abilities been though under a new name. Then again, aided by the prestige devoted to the pursuit of wealth or of distinction in the line of of long and faithful service to his country, he struck down with his chosen profession he would have ranked among the greatest a single blow the enemies of fraternal love and religious· free­ of his time and generation and ·have been showered with abun­ dom and the hearts of millions swelled with gratefulness, while dant remuneration as a reward for the service which his natural a p~ayer to God to bless GEORGE FRISBIE HoAR rose to every abilities, retentive memory, and legal training would have en­ Catholic's lips. abled him to render to the individuals and corporations -who Through all the stormy conflicts between religion and sci­ would have been gratified to have commanded his services. ence, during which many of the brightest minds were attracted He turned from the great opportunities which were within by the philosophy of atheism and agnosticism, he preserved in his grasp and yielded to the demand of his countrymen that he its integrity his religious faith even to the end of life. Would should engage in the conflicts and accept the sacrifices which a that his example might lend inspiration to the wavering to cling public career exacts from a faithful public servant. He tried to to their faith in a Supreme Being through all the vicissitudes of retire from the public service and take up the duties of his existence ! · · chosen profession, for he was a lover of books and an earnest That love of liberty and' equality which made him one of the student of literature. The harder problems involved in legal great forces -that ultimately freed the slave could not fail to procedure only awakened within him greater zeal and determi­ compel him to raise his voice against the stifling of the aspira­ nation successfully to solve them, thereby achieving the distinc­ tions for freedom of the people of the Philippine Islands. tion and rewards which a successful and honored legal career Stronger than all constitutional questions that were urged, would certainly have afforded him. mightier than all economic objections which were raised, was But as he retired from one degree of the pub1ic service he was his hatred of a system that was built upon the theory of the called to other and higher distinctions. inequality of men. He had witnessed · the cause of human 1-ly personal acquaintance with Mr. HoAR began in the year liberty triumph often in foreign lands over the forces of de& · 1876. That year, as chairman of the Republican city committee potism, he had witnessed the shackles fall from millions in of Fall River, I received him as the opening speaker of that his own land, and having an abiding faith in the justness of his eventful political campaign. The gentleman who presided on countrymen, he could not be brought to believe that they would that occasion was the Bon. Robert T. Davis, who still survives, sanction the government of an alien people against their will one of my predecessors in the House of Representatives and until the tyranny, as it seemed to him, was actually accom­ one of the pioneers of the antislavery movement and a lifelong plished. His passionate appeal to his par·ty to let these people friend and active coworker with Senator HoAR, although three 19.()5~ . '. OONGRESSION At RECORD-· .HOUSE.'

• years his senior. 'They were 'butb memb-ers 'Of the eonstitu- · dents, atten.ded the meeting. 'Mr. Choate bad a carefully tional -convention ~f Massachusetts. 1: se1dom .met the :Senator · prepared address which be bad ·committed to memory and de­ in after life tha:t be did not ·refer to their association :and friend- · JiYered 1t to the enfue EUGENE HALE, CHAUNCEY M. DEPEW, JULIUS C. BURROWS, they owed him a debt of gratitude which they ne-ver could re­ IWILLIAM. B. ALLISON, SHELBY M. CULLoM, and HENRY CABOT pay, except by awarding to him their highest honor, and there LoDGE, and Chester A. Arthur, the nominee ·of the convention was no division of sentiment in renewing his commission as for Vice-President, ·and others promi~nt in party councils, were United 'States Senator, and his greatest honor was that the party participants in -the work of that convention. Between the and the people called him to its .service in that distinguished • friends of the two principal candidates, General Grant and Sen- body fur the 'longest period ever granted to any one of its citi­ ator Blaine, there was a great struggle to secure the permanent .zens during the life of the Commonwealth. chairmanship of the convention, and finally the differences were Having been called upon at the time of his decease for a adjusted by the unanimous request that Senator HoAR should brief expression regarding his life and service, I used the fol­ occupy the position, and be became the permanent presiding offi- lowing language, which I quote i:n closing the limited address cer. His work, though extremely difficult, met the approval of which this occasion has .called forth-: the entire assemblage. By the death of ·senat-or HoAn tbe Commonwealth of Massachusetts At the meetings 'Of the ·state delegation his -counsel and direc- and the nation have been sadly bere:s.ved. :Possibly no .man in public tion were of the highest order. He was so highly regarded as life touched the hearts and lives of the p-eople of the entire country so a saf e and JU· d"lClOUS · 1ea d er b Y tbe R epubl" wan party as a w h 0 Ie 'intimatelyIUs great as workshe. and .public acts are interwoven Into the natl

Mr. TIRRELL. Mr. Speaker, GEORGE FRISBIE HoAR was born Jytlcal cast of his mind, his logical powers, his command of prec· at Concord, Mass., August 29, 1826. He died September 30, edent, his ·grasp of principles, and his ability to marshal facts 1904. He sleeps in his native town again-that sleep that made him a formidable antagonist in the great causes in which knows no waking until the firmament shall be rolled together he was engaged. It was not through his seeking that at 43 like a scroll. As this town is in the district I have the honor years of age he again entered political life. For eight years be to represent, it is both a duty and a pleasure to pay a tribute represented his district in Congress; for twenty-seven years to his memory. Environment had much to do with molding his thereafter be was in the Senate of the United States. Thus for character. His courage, his persistency, his ambition, his thirty-five consecutive years, and until his death, be was in the patriotism drew their inspiration from the hills; the valleys, public service. the men, and the history of his native town. I can think of no better illustration of the basis of his polit­ Hereditary greatness descended to him to a remarkable degree ical action throughout this period than' by a remark he uttered through many generations. His family is one of the few ex­ at a centennial address to which I listened a few years ago. ceptions-so few you can almost count them upon your fingers­ He traced the history of the old town from its early settlement, of inherited genius. His genealogy is a history of leaders from bringing, as was his wont, the worthies of the early days before the early colonial days. They fled from England wh(m ' the us. He told us what they had done to fashion and upbuild the tyranny of the Stuarts rendered impossible the free exercise of nation, and emphasized the underlying thought of his discourse religious and political belief. They are conspicuous in the just that their record showed and history proved that righteousness administration of law for the Indian as well as for the white alone could save the nation. Temporary expedients would fail. inhabitant. They were of the immortal band who fought at . Policy would be ineffective. Injustice would defeat its own Concord and Lexington. They were numbered among those ends. Equal rights, equal laws, equal privileges, for rich and who formulated the Constitution. They defended the negro poor, high and low-these were the prerogatives of all. · , when ostracism and obloquy were the reward. They severed How he illusb.·ated this ln his long career! He never truckled party connections and cooperated in the organization of a new to public opinion. - He was the most independent partisan of party allegiance when conscience no longer permitted their ad­ our generation. He was at times at variance with his party on herence to the dominant political creeds.' They have. been con­ vital issues, yet held unshaken its loyalty and support. He was spicuous within our memory for their virile intellects, their. ripe unanimously reelected when be dissented from the almost learning, and their widespread political influence ·throughout unanimous attitude of his party on a party issue. The position the country. All this is well known, but the subtle influenc~ was unique and puzzling if you did not know the man. It was which made the character of Senator HoAR, even in his early because be was honest, fearless, conscientious, and righteous in days, from the air be breathed, the fields he roamed, and the his motives and actions. It was because we knew be could not men and the institutions they had created, through two hundred .be otherwise and just to himself. It was because his life, as an years of strenuous effort, has been but slightly touched upon. open book, was before us, and we believed that the tortures of To that I call attention now. · the Inquisition, aye, the martyr's fate, could not turn that Concord was among the first settlements of the :Massachusetts righteous soul. So he won our respect, admiration, and love in province. Agriculture was the industry of the people. The his public career as one removed from the limitations of the broad meadows and uplands. by the Concord River attracted the politician and froin whom it was not necessary to seek an ex­ emigrant. It was a frontier town. It was settled by Puritans. planation. A theocratic community was organized. The church was the Of course, these were but incidents in a long and illustrious state. The Bible was the rule of faith and action. The minis­ career. Even be could not have retained party support unless ter was the leader of the flock. But while his superior educa­ he essentially represented his party's principles. He was an tion and godly character made him as one apart, his people fol­ ardent advocate and supporter of Republican tenets, and in lowed him only so far as their own interpretation of the Scrip­ great crises in his party's history one of its most prominent de­ tures convinced their conscience that he properly interpreted fenders. I remember once at a State convention in Massa­ the Inspired Word. It is true, dissenters found no countenance chusetts he was called upon unexpectedly to address the dele­ among them. A deviation from established dogmas banished gates. For half an hour be held them enthralled as he re­ them from the colony. They saw no other way of worshiping hearsed his party's history. . It was the most remarkable ex­ God in peace. Now, strange as it may appear, this independ­ hibition of extemporaneous eloquence I ever listened to, not ence of interpretation of Sacred Writ, and the injunction upon even Phillips or Burlingame or Andrew or Sumner, as I have all to study it and follow it according to their consctence, led to heard them, equaling that effort. a curious result. To this result the Hoar family conb.·ibuted as He had a felicitous choice of words, a loftiness of thought, an active participants in colonial and religious affairs. It ex­ aptnes• of quotation, a grasp of historical detail, a familiarity plains the anomaly of GEORGE FRISBIE HoAR as a type of what with the best literature, and a knowledge of the great men and might be denominated a modernized Puritan of the nineteenth deeds of all ages, so that his address, while ornate at times, century. He was their eulogist, as appears in many a masterly was so elevating in character, so choice in expression, so address. He had the characteristics himself of those worthies abounding in illustration drawn from an unerring memory, whom he extolled. At the same time be w•-s the antithesis of that to hear him at' his best was part of a liberal education. the Puritan in his tastes, his religious affiliation, and his broad He had a memory that never failed him in oration or debate. unsectarian views. This apparent contradiction is inexplicable In the campaign of 1900 he opened the canvass in his native until the development of the New England town is studied and town. I sat upon the platform by his side. He held a huge the threads of its religious life are gathered together. pile of manuscript in his band containing a speech it was his IJ..'ake a tou.r through the old colonial towns near Concord. purpose to deliver. He told me it was his custom to write out In all of them, in some central location, generally by the town and read his first address and afterwards to speak extempo­ common which in those days surrounded the church, a white raneously. I remarked that ·I . enjoyed his extemporaneous spire ornamenting the most conspicuous church of the village, addresses best. Whether it was my remark or not I can not say, some of them illustrative of the best architecture of a hundred but 'when it came -his turn be placed the manuscript upon the years ago, will meet your view. It is the church, the old church desk and for an hour and a half, without turning a leaf or of the town. It is of the Unitarian faith which he espoused. referring to the manuscript, addressed the audience. The next It is the revolt of the independent, God-fearing, truth-seeking morning the manuscript copy appeared in the daily papers, and Puritan, who in the progress of generations worked his way in sequence, thought, argument, reference, and words it ap­ through narrowness and bigot-ry to a broad conception of the peared to be identical with the one delivered. It seemed to relations between God and man, so that in the Puritan district me at the time an astonishing feat of memory. His scholar­ of Massachusetts to-day there is a more liberal, independent, ship, memory, industry, and natural gifts made him a leader and conscientious religious opinion than in almost any other in great events in his public career. section of the country. The Puritan reaction swung far, far­ He was one of the managers in the impeachment case of 1876. ther than some of us can follow, but it evolved a manhood which He was one of the Electoral Commission of 1877. He was a in philosophy, statesmanship, and literature has not had its constructive statesman, as the tenure-of-office act, the Presiden­ equal in the history of the American nation. Senator HoAR was tial-succession law, the bankruptcy law, and the antitrust en,­ a type of the best product of.tbat evolution. . actments attest. He was an indefatigable worker. One watch­ We know through his autobiography it was not his intention ing him in the Senate might think him idly passing away the to enter public life. His brief service in the Massachusetts hour. He was watching and listening. He seemed indifferent house of re1n·esentatives and senate was not specially attractive to what was going on. But let an error in argument be made to him. His success at the bar was so quickly and easily won or a misstatement of fact asserted, or, to him, false conclusions that he expected and was satisfied with its honors and emolu­ drawn in the course of that debate, and instantly his voice ments. It absorbed his time and attention. It was only great would ring throughout the Chamber. Some might say there occasions, then, which brought him into public notice. The ana- was a brusqueness in his manner. His voice was not melodious 1905. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2441 and honeyed words. were not natural to him. He was too fame, he most probably would not have enumerated his Com­ sincere to touch even the hem of a hypocrite's garment. He mentaries as ~ven the smallest and humblest of them, but they said what he meant, though not intentionally would he wound constitute his clearest, strongest, and most enduring title to the a friend. He wanted friendship and sympathy, but not if favorable consideration of mankind. thereby there was to be a sacrifice of principle. If he be­ Napoleon, the most astounding son of Mars, with clearer lieved a man to be a demagogue or dishonest he was unrelent­ vision and a wiser judgment as to the relative value of human ing in his opposition and vitriolic in his wrath. He did not acllievements, proudly declared that he would descend to pos­ want his friendship. He courted his opposition. But for all terity with his Code in his hand, a prophecy which has been others was the outstretched hand and kindly heart. He had the amply verified. The crimson glories of Montenotte, Lodi, Ar­ sympathy of a great man, ready to aid, when practicable, in cola, 1\farengo, the Pyramids, Austerlitz, Ulm, Jena, and Wagram trivial as well as important matters. were dimmed by Leipzig, Waterloo, and the dismal journey to -When the light of such a name goes out the shadows for a St. Helena; the thrones which he ravished from hostile kings while appear to gather. But not for long, for his work remain­ and bestowed upon his brothers, sisters, and stable boys pass~d eth in imperishable record in the history of his State and coun­ again to his royal enemies whom he had despoiled; the imperial try. He rests in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery, in Concord. Near crown, bought with so much blood and so much crime for his him is the grave of Emerson, the first of American philosophers, son, never encircled the brow of that pathetic child of misfor­ the seer of the idealism of American youth. 'l'here is also tune; but the laws created by the fiat of the Corsican Colossus Thoreau, whose spirit yet seems haunting the hills and valleys influence and bless the lives of 75,000,000 people because they of Sleepy Hollow or along the shores of Lake Waldon, not far were grounded in justice and in wisdom. His career illustrates away. There also is Alcott, the American teacher, and his and enforces the truth contained in Bulwer-Lytton's famous family, so widely known. There also, only a few feet away, lines: lies the greatest of American romancers, who in the little room Beneath the rule of men entirely great at the old Salem custom-house penned the Scarlet Letter, whose The pen is mightier tha.n the sword. conclusion is indeed the life lesson of him of whom we speak, Others have marched as strenuously and fought as bravely wherein Hawthorne says that he has failed in his purpose un­ as Xenophon and his ten thousand, only to vanish into oblivion; less he has shown in this work he had created that in living but he and his band are among the immortals because he wrote and dying we must Be True, Be True. the .Anabasis, which has delighted and instructed millions of ambitious boys and which will delight and instruct succeeding 1\Ir. CLARK. Mr. Speaker, that Senator GEORGE FRISBIE millions till the earth shall perish with fervent heat. HoAR will hold a high place and fill a large space in the annals The triumphal expedition of Gen. Alexander' W. Doniphan of his time goes without saying. Of Revolutionary stock, a :md his heroic Missourians into the heart of Mexico by way of descendant of Roger Sherman, he was American to his heart's Santa Fe, traversing a vast wilderness full of hostile savages; core, and he devoted his life to the service· of the Republic, subsisting on the enemy's country; winning numerous victories which rewarded him with her affection, her confidence, and her over the very :flower of t!le descendants of the knights of admiration. His lines were cast in pleasant places and in a Castile and Aragon; never losing a gun, a :flag, a prisoner, or history-making epoch. Though sometimes he was viciously a skirmish, though frequently engaging ten times their own assailed, at others he ran the risk of having applied to him the nnmber; never drawing from the Government a dollar, a ration, Scriptural injunction, "Woe unto you when all men shall speak a piece of clothing, or an ounce of ammunition from the moment well of you," and at last, having almost reached the Psalmist's - they left Fort Leavenworth, Kans., till ragged, starving, but extreme allotment of fourscore years, he had that- invincible, they reported to Gen. Zachary Taylor on the red Which should accompany old age, field of Monterey, having added an empire to the Union, is the As honor, love, obedience, troops of friends. most astounding martial achievement in the entire history of Pleasant as it would be to me to enter into the details of his the human raC'e. In difficulty, in courage, in fortitude, in glory, life, character, and labor, that delightful task must be left to in results it eclipses utterly the far-famed retreat which Xeno­ others closer to him and more familiar with those facts which phon has embalmed in immortal prose. constitute the essentials of biography ; but the invitation to Every schoolboy knows by heart the fascinating story of speak here and now bas suggested to my mind a few thoughts tile Greeks; but few remember the more wonderful perform­ which may or may not be of interest to those who hear and read ance of the Missourians. Mirabile dictu! The glorious name what is uttered on this occasion. of Doniphan, the conqueror of New Mexico, Arizona, and Chi­ Job exclaimed: "Oh, that mine adversary had written a book!" huahua does not even appear in some of our most ambitious From that day to this when a man has taken his pen in hand encyclopedias.· The reason is that General Doniphan, of Mis­ to write a book it has been assumed that he also took his repu­ souri, did not emulate the laudable example of General Xeno­ tation, if not his life, in his hand; but the fact that what the pllon, of Greece, by writing a history o~ his own campaign; man of Uz considered an extra-hazardous performance is not consequently be and the brave Missourians who followed his necessru·ily fatal to the performer is demonstrated by the event all-conquering banner are to dumb forgetfulness a prey. "'Tis of the November election, when Col. Theodore Roosevelt, wllo true 'tis pity; and pity 'tis 'tis true." While I am not general has written many books, in which he expressed his opinions counsel for the star actors in the world's drama, I make bold to of persons and things with startling freedom, not to say aban­ suggest to them that if they desire a square deal in history they don, was chosen President of this puissant Republic by an would do well to imitate Cresar and Xenophon and write the overwhelming majority. This seeems to signify that the Ameri­ histories themselves. · can people admire candid and courageous speaking-even in a Who cares a straw what Joseph Addison did or did not do as book. Secretary of State? But who that has a love of learning in his However that may be, I rejoice and bail it as a healthy sign heart would be willing to see the last copy of the Tattler and of the times that our public men are more and more growing the Spectator committed to the :fian1es? into the habit of writing, in the evening of their lives, books John Milton wrought much and successfully in the cause of of a more or less reminiscent nature, recording from their human liberty, but Paradise Lost is his crowning glory. standpoint their views of the transactions which they witnessed Lord Macaulay, the statesman, the lawgiver, the officeholder, and part of which they were. ·what they say in that regard would have been forgotten years ago, but so long as our ver­ may be taken and accepted as part of the res gestre. nacular-the most elastic and virile ever spoken by the chil­ Cresar owes as much of his fame to his Commentaries as to dren of men-is used, the history, the poems, and, above all, his victories. The fruits of his conquests have long since ·per­ the essays of Thomas Babbington Macaulay will inspire the ished. The mighty empire which he founded bas crumbled into human mind and thrill the hunian heart. dust. Happily for mankind, the system of government for Every scholar that has lived during three centuries has which his name has become the synonym is in process of ulti­ regretted that Lord Bacon was ever high chancellor of Eng­ mate extinction ; but by his Commentaries he has helped to land, an office which he disgraced, and in disgracing which he form the minds of the youths of every civilized country under also disgraced the noble profession of the law ; but every heaven through twenty centuries of man's most interesting his­ scholar-aye, every lover of our kind-in all that long lapse of tory and most stupendous endeavor. So long as education is years has thanked Almighty God that Francis Bacon wrote the valued Cresar will exercise imperial sway over the human mind, Novum Organum and De Augmentis, by which, turning the hu­ not by the power of his invincible sword, which is rust, but by man mind to utilitarianism, he contributed more to human com­ his cunning with the pen. Fighting was the serious business of fort than was ever contributed by any other of the multitudi- his life. The preparation of his Commentaries was merely a nous sons of Adam. , mental recreation in his tent at eventide, amid the clatter of The imperial house· of Austria has long been a great factor camps and the clangor of arms. Had he been catechised as to in European affairs. Henry Fielding, the English novelist. was hb deeds on which would be builded the towering fabric of his related to it by ties of blood; and· Gibbon, the historian of 'rhe 2442 OONGRESSION AL RECORD- HOUSE. FEBRUARY 12,-

Decline and :Fall of the "Roman Empire, ·declares that Fielding, Revolution, created -the Repub1ic, and ·hns sustained ·and gov­ by writing ·" ·Tom .Tones,"' :shed more luster upon 'our race than erned ;it from the1irst. If ·he should Tead 1\lassachusetts Jbooks, ail the .Hapsburgers that ever lived. w'hich constitute a ·great multitude Which no man can number, he Of what interest to us are the achievements of ·Bulwer p~re would be :confirmed iD. ·this erroneous impression. No complaint in the role of statesman, or ef Bulwer fils as governor-general can -reasonably 'be made of l\.lassachusetts or of ·Senator HoAR of ~mlia? ·But till the end of time men will .read with interest for ·unduly exalting the horn ·of Massachusetts men.· ·W.hat "[ and women with tears Eugene Aram and Lucile. -d'o complain of is that the people of ;the South and W:est have ''l'homas Brackett Reed, :that masterful :man -whose memory : not pursued the same ·plan with .their own worthies, and have we an -cherish with 1rrfinite _pride, was .one of the great Speakers permitted them to be killed off by the inexorable rule :of exclu­ of this House, and ·accomplished a tr.emendous revolution .in sion. Their pioneer statesmen, warriors, orators, and State parliamentary 'Procedure; but his fame is alreaCly .a fading tra- builders were content to do ·things, great .and :glorious things, ·dition. What would not the world give for a :book from his but· were ·careless of what record was made of their achieve­ trenchant pen expressing his honest opinions ns :to the men and ments. The incorrigible New England . habit of book-making measures ·with which he was associated? lt w.ould be a .fit -accounts for the fact that her -infiuence in America is .large out -companion :piece for Gulliver :and The Letters of .Junius. of all proportion to her area, population, or achievements. Her Senator CHAUNCEY MITCHELL DEPEW -ranks high in :the Sen- writers would' be destitute of human nature if they were n.ot 'Me; but the best service :he cou1d render his kind would be to biased-unconsciously, ·perhaps, but biased nevertheless-in ue-rote his days ..and nights to writing a book of reminiscences. favor .of New England men, New England women, New .England Many New Yorkers would mah."""e .creditable Senators; but no performance, New England scenery., .New England opinion, nnd other Jiying man could write a book of such intense and abiding even of New England climate. Of course the ground already interest as could Senator DEPEW. .lost 'by the South :and West in this regard can never .be re-: There .has been much sneering at " the scholar in politics." covered; but surely it is high time to go resolutely, systematic~ That manifestation of bad temper and jealousy is easy and 'filly, and .extensively into the book-making business themsel-ves. -cheap. Gn ·a memorable occasion .an eminent _practical Pennsyl- This- much they owe to their ancestors, to themselves, to their !Vania politician referred to an illustrious .citizen of Boston who ·posterity, -to history, to truth, and to patriotism. lrad been named for ·a high .diplomatic _post .as "one -of them Thousands of. -statesmen, orators, soldiers, and ·lawyers have literary fellows;" with a profane ·adjective which the proprieties lived and been forgotten; but it may ·be safely stated that since forbid me to .repeat in this distinguished .presence on this his- Guttenberg invented movable types no man has written a really toric occasion. Nevertheless and notwithstanding Col. T.homas ·great book :who is not still remembered by intelligent persons. · ·Hart Benton, of Missouri, by writing his Thirty Years' View Macaulay ·says: 'did .more to make himself a great, an indis_pensable historic figure . "" d b hi d · f · full R One of the most remarkable circumstances 1n the history of Bacon's than ·h e accomp1 lS.ue · Y s ar uous service ·O SIX · · oman mind is the order in which ~its powers ·expanded themselves. With Justrums in th.e Senate and of one term in the House. As long as him the fruit came .first and remained to the last. The blossoms did :government exists on this continent he will be regarded as .a not appear till late. .In general, the development ot the .fancy ls ·to standard .authority on all matters pertaining to Congressional the -development of the judgment what the growth of ·a girl is to the g-rowth of a boy. The fancy attains at an earlier period to the per­ Jegislation. By writing his Twenty Years of ·Congress ..James ·fection of its beauty, its powert and its fruitfulness, and, ·as lt ls first Gillespie Blaine made a most valuable contribution to our politi- 'lfs ~fo~~ t!n~s f~~st~~t .~o~afhe ~\~!r g2:ce~ft1~ ~:;e s~:_~~tggm~ :cal literature and achieved for himself a more permanent re- turlty, and is commonly withered and barren while those faculties still nown than if the supreme ambition of his heart had been grati- retain ·all ·their energy. It rarely happens that the fancy and the judg'- .fied by :an .election to the Presidency. · ment grow together ... It happens still more rarely that thf! judgment ~·11' 0o f th t b 'II" t f t 1 grows faster than the fancy. '1'his seems, however, to have been the Samue1 .ou IVan · x, one o e .mos · ri Ian ° mor a s, a case with Bacon. His boyhood and youth appear ·to have been slngu- Representative in -congress for many years from both Ohio .and larly sedate. His gigantic scheme of philosophical reform ls said by, New York, as :well as minister to the Sublime Porte, and the first some wl"iters to have been planned before he was 15, ·and was undoubt- ~·l" d h · th" H 11 f d f edly planned while he was stilL young. He observed as vigilantly, man .that -ever dl:i.Ll'Vei'e :a speee In 18 a • may a e rom meditated as deeply, and judged as temperately when he gave his first public memory us a statesman, but The Buckeye Abroad, Why work to tho world as at -the close of his long career. But in eloquence, We Laugh, .and The Three Decades of Federal Legislation will in sweetness, and variety .of .expression, and in richness of illustration, be perused with pleasure by millions yet unborn. his later writings are far superior to those of his ·youth. For thirty-odd years, Jn House and Senate, GEORGE FRISBIE These words may be .applied almost literally to Senator HoAR. HoAR :was one of the .most conspicuous legislators and orators From the day he delivered his great philippic against Mr. Sec­ .of the times in :which he lived. No great statute :was _placed retaty Belknap to the hour of his· tdeath .he spoke as frequently, upon :the books w hich be -did not .have a hand in shaping. No perhaps as any other man in -public life, and every word that important question arose which ·he did not discuss; but long fell from his-lips was read with eagerness by ±he intelligence of :after all that be -did and said in this Chamber and the other has Ainetica: His style constantly grew richer, more imaginative, pas5:ed from the mirl:ds ·Of men his Autobiography of Seventy and more ornate, until some of his later speeches ·partook tYears will ·challenge the admiration of his countrymen. His largely of the nature of epic poems. The peculiar order of noblest mental offspring was the last. · growth which Macaulay notes in Bacon's mind, and which .I His book hus been criticised on ·two grounds-as being too have just stated to be true with 1'eference to Senator HOAR's, is egotistical and as assigning to New .Englanders in general. and also true, though in a lesser degree, of the intellects of Grover Massachusetts men in particular, too high rank. At first blush Cleveland, Benjamin Harrisotl.; .and William McKinley. The I deemed both criticisms well t aken, but upon mature reflection feature in which their rminds and ·styles seem to have changed i · concluded that neither is tenable. · An autobiography, whether most markedly in their advanced years was ·that ·of lmmor. written· by a Harvard' man or by a Davy Crockett, iR in the very Prior to their induction into the Presidential office it would be nature of things .egotistical, for the ego is the very essence of difficult to .discover even a trace of humor iD. ·their writings or the theme. What might be ·offensive or preposterous ln private their speeches; but after quitting the White House both Mr. conver ation or in public speech may be appropriate and even -Cleveland ·and General Eiarrison developed a rich vein of humor. pleasing in autobiographical writing. On his trip to California President McKinley lightened · up his When he came to ct:he grateful task of assigning .the status of speeches wJth genial humor, which was a grateful surprise to New Englanders and Bay State men he evidently .took to heart his countrymen. Even on his deathbed he uttered one delicious tile precept ·of St. Paul : mot at the expense of his physicians. I hold it truth that this · !Btrt . if .any provide not for his own, and especially for those of his development of humor in these three illustrious citizens .of the own house, he hath denied the faith, and is -worse tban an infideL Republic was so much clear gain to all our -people. · - Even if it be conceded that he did overpraise the men of New It may possibly be-who knows?-thut these i:nen were dow- England .and Massachusetts- ered with the humorous faculty at birth, but the· occupations of · His failings leaned to virtue's side. -their lives had been so serious and so pressing that they never · For an undue friendliness to one's kindred and neighbors is had leisure or inclination to indulge 'its exercise. greatly preferable to jealousy of them, and bears testimony of It is a matter of congratulation that they did develop that .a nobler soul. faculty, for 1' believe ·in Carlyle's dictum that "Humor has · Indeed, he had much cause to be lavish -of panegyric in spea~ justly been regarded as the finest perfection of poetic genius." illg 'of ·. the men of Massachusetts. To merely walk the streets The career of Senator EioAR suggests ·still another thought­ of Boston and read the inscriptions on her monuments, her tbat all ·the -world, including Massachusetts, ,is growing more statues, and her buildings is a liberal education in patriotism. liberal and more tolerant. As a matter of fact, Massachusetts ~hould an inhabitant of another planet, . versed -in both Latin ·bas always been liberal and tolerant above the average in the 'and English, descend up'on that city, without -any prior knowl- range of opinion permitted ·to her public men. Nevertheless, edge of our history, he would naturally conclude that 'Massa- the fact remains that Boston shut ·the · doors of Faneuil BaH chusetts, single-handed ·and alone, originated ·and achieved the · in the face of Daniel ·webster, the greatest New Englander 1905. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. "2443

who ever saw the light of day, the greatest orator who ever otic for that. He believed that the Administration, in the spoke the English tongue, and that the legislature of Massa­ ratification of the Treaty of Paris, was forgetful of the teachings chusetts passed resolutions of censure upon Charles Sumner, of the fathers; that it was drifting away from the traditions, because they had run counter to the ·public sentiment of their ideals, and the fundamental principles of the Republic. That constituencies. But Senator HoAR's was a happier fate, for, treaty followed close on the victory over Spain. Our people notwithstanding the fact that he ran counter to her public were excited. The fire of battle was in their blood. The greed sentiment more frequently and more violently than either Sum­ for more land seemed to have taken possession of them. The ner or the godlike Daniel, Massachusetts reelected him in his spirit of expansion and commercialism was dominant. The exh·eme old age to a fifth full term in the Senate of the United Senators who approved the treaty doubtless believed they were States. With her increasing generosity the Old Bay State recording the prevailing sentiments of their several constitu­ would probably have kept him in the Senate a half century encies. They yielded to the temporary clamor and appropriated had he lived so long. This wiser liberality was not only an the Philippines. Not so Senator HoAR. He compr:ehended the honor to Massachusetts and · a gratification to Senator HoAR, situation. He seemed to see the end from the beginning. He but is an added glory to the Republic and to the human race. had clear and positive views and the courage to express them. . In that memorable parliamentary debate he stood almost alone 1\!r. DRISCOLL. Mr. Speaker, I came to these memorial ex­ on the Republican side of the Chamber, taxing to the utmost ercises to listen to the eulogies on the life and services of Sena­ the great powers of his brave heart and resourceful brain tor HoAR delivered by those who knew him best and respected striving to convince his colleagues that the ratification of that him most highly, by his friends in the Massachusetts delegation, treaty would prove to be a grave mistake. Conscious tbat be who admired and loved him. The words uttered have been was right, he yielded not to the talmts of his enemies or the earnest and beautiful and form an appropriate tribute to the appeals of his friends, like the letter read by Mr. LoVERING. He memory of the great departed. It is not possible for me to went down to defeat, but he bad the consolation of having stood strengthen or embellish what has been said, yet my admiration by his convictions and of having remained true to the traditions for the deceased statesman.was so intense that I can not let this of his State and the long line of his illustrious ancestors. The occasion pass without adding my humble offering of respect and logic of events has established the wisdom of some of his argu­ esteem to the memory of this great American, although I can meuts. It is a pity that be could not have lived a few years not fittingly state my high regard for him as a mall and my ap­ more, that he might witness the vindication of his views and preciation of his services to the people. see the pendulum of public opinion swing back to the position He 'vas indeed a grand and good man. His State and country of unselfish patriotism and true Americanism on which be then have suffered a great loss. He personified the highest type of stood. the New England citizen, and therefore of the American citizen. He was a consh·uctive statesman, and by his thorough in­ He was a native of Massachusetts and a descendant through vestigation of facts and precedents,. his analytical mind and many generations of Puritan ancestors. They were a remark" intellectual integrity be explained and illumined many dry pub­ able peopl~severe, austere, uncharitable, and perhaps bigoted, lic que tions and made them clear and interesting to the ordi­ but they were the result of trying and heroic times and condi­ nary reader. By his practical wisdom, force of character, and tions. They feared God and nothlng else. They were perse­ earne ·tness of purpose be impressed his personality on our cuted in their native land for conscience sake, and bade farewell legislation to a degree seldom equaled. He did not court no­ to their homes and friends, embarked in a frail and unseaworthy toriety, neither did he avoid' responsibility in order to e~cape craft, braved th dangers of an unexplored ocean, and landed on criticism. He was a man of pure mind, lofty aspirations, and the frost-bound shores of a hostile wilderness; and they dared high ideals, and did bis duty day by day as he saw ii. all and endured all for their convictions. Only a short time ago he completed and published an auto· They fought their way against an inclement climate and ster­ biography. It is a work of unusual merit, written in bis simple, ile soil, savage beasts, and more savage men. They felled the pure, delightful style. It illush·ates his modesty and absence forests and erected clmrches, schools, and colleges, and estab­ of egotism, for it is a history from personal knowledge of . his lished a cradle of liberty in which was bred a remarkable gal­ time rather than of himself and what be did. It is very inter­ axy of poets, historians, scholars, ot·ators, philosophers, states­ esting and insh·uctive, and a source of inspiration to the youth men, and patriots. Trial and adversity made them sh·ong and of our country. self-reliant. They were frugal, industrious, temperate, honest, He did not close his books at the end of his college course or capable, and enterprising. think of having completed his education, but continued the en­ Senator HoAR was an offspring of that stock and civilization. joyment of reading and study during his long, busy life, and He inherited their sterling virtues, and by broad scholarship, retained the buoyancy and freshness of boyhood, and was one the liberal spirit of modern Harvard, extensive travel, and ac­ of the youngest old men in the country. Neither did his ener­ quaintance with many peoples and customs, and a mind always gies seem to abate with advancing years. lle died while in the open and in search of light and truth, he became more mellow, full tide of his moral and intellectual activity and at tbe zenith charitable, and lovable than his rigid forefathers. His father of his great fame and influence. His general scholarship and was an able lawyer, in easy circumstances, and the son was literary attainments were recognized in educational centers, for given the best opporhmities for education and culture, which honorary degrees were conferred upon him by many of our he diligently improved. He graduated from Harvard at 20, greatest colleges and universities. He was a favored son of the commenced the practice of law at 22, and was elected to the Old Bay State. From boyhood he was the recipient of many Massachusetts house of representatives at 26. From that-time social, literary, and political distinctions, which he bore with on he was almost continuously in public life, in the service of sucll simplicity and grace that the people delighted to honor his city, county, State, and nation. He was also a member of him. He was a grand old man, respected, beloved, revered by and took an active interest in many charitable, literary, and all, and to-day 1\Iassachusetts mourns the loss of her first historical associations. He continued the practice of his pro­ citizen. fession, and by reason of his industry, systematic habits, and In 'Vashington he lived in a plain, temperate, economical remarkable mental equipment he did well everything he under­ manner. His influence was derived: not from grand dinners and took. social functions, but from work and worth. His power was He was a Republican in politics and firmly believed his party gt·eat and grew with his years of service. His opportunities for the only one competent to properly conduct the affairs of gov­ gain were many were he pecuniarily inclined, yet it is said he ernment; yet because be was an independent tbinker be some­ died a comparatively poor man. This needs no commentary in times differed with the majority of bis party leaders in the these times. It speaks for itself. Senate, and expressed his views according to his convictions. In the United States Senate, a body composed largely of mil­ However, he never lost the respect and confidence of his col­ lionaires, many of whom entered through the financial doorway, leagues in that body on either side of the Chamber, for while Senator HoAR stood almost alone. He was not the representa­ they could not concur with his views they fully believed in his tive of any trust, compine, or special interest; neither was be honesty, sincerity, patriotism, and singleness of purpose. And engaged in the advancement of his own schemes, using his office be it said to the credit of :Massachusetts that when last returned as a means to an end. He was a plain, straightforward, unas­ to the Senate he was in open opposition to the Administration's suming gentleman, a profound thinker, an able orator, a fearless Philippine policy, with which the Republican party of his State advocate of what he believed to be the best, an accomplished was in aecord. statesman, an incorruptible patriot, and an ideal Senator of the That was the last great political, intellectual, and moral battle American Congress. In his death his State has lost her most of his eventful career. To him it was essentially a moral ques­ worthy and distinguished son and the Republic her most able tion. He took his stand not from selfishness or through a spirit and accomplished legislator, for take him all in all be was the · of antagonism. He was too big, too high-minded, too patri- foremost character in our public life.

• 2444 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE'. FEBRUARY 12,

:Mr. POWERS of MassachusettS. 1\fr:. Speaker, Massaehu­ cal parties as a means to an end. Above party and party creed .setts has good reason to. be proud of the long· line of eminent was the RepuWic. Mr. HoAR took exception to. several of the statesmen which she has given to the legislative service of the policies adopted by the Republican party, and he did not hesitate nation. The Commonwealth has been fortunate in the exist­ to criticise and even denounce his own party in tile belief· that ence of political conditions wP.ich rendered it possible at all it was his duty to do· so. He entertained positive views con­ times to seJeet for Congressional servfce men of the highest cerning the acquisition and the government of the Philippines. character, ability, and devotion to duty. This has been espe­ He was opposed to· any policy which did not provide the same cially true of her representation fn the Senate. form of government for all people living um:ler the American I appreciate how difficult the task of attempting to place a fi'ag. The wisdom of his views upon that question can not yet just estimate upon the character and ser-vices of a lite at its be determined. No man has the right to say that he was not close-. The place which Mr. HoAR will take in American his­ right and the majority ot his party wrong. A generation hence tory can be far better determined a generation hence than now. · that question can be determined witb exact justice to all. No "Great political policies which he espoused or opposed still re­ one questions the courage, the patriotism, and the devotion to mam unsettled. Future events must decide the wisdom and duty of Mr. Ho.AB. He reached his· conclusions after careful value of the opinions which he so earnestly and ably contended study, and was always prepared to defend them. for during the closing years of his life. No one, however, will Within a littl~ more than a half century Massachusetts has question but that he was one of the great men o.f the genera­ been ealled upon to- mourn the loss of three great statesmen­ tion in which he lived. He possessed those qualities of char­ Webster, Sumner, and HoAR. All represented her in the Con~ acter and temperament which rendered him most attractive gress of the nation. Each achieved his greatness in the Senate to the American people. He was aggressive and fearless, and Chamber. Each in his time was the idol of her people, and with at the same time tolerant and liberal. He possessed intense the close of their earthly careers deep . sorrow rested upon the convictions, which he was ready to defend in any field of intel­ old Commonwealth. But no more profound or lasting sorrow lectual conflict. He worked out his own standards of charae­ ever filled the hearts of the people of my Commonwealth than ter and conduct. He was a humanitarian in the broadest sense did the announcement of the death of Mr. HoAR. He was the of the term. He recognized good in all mankind. He under­ friend of all the people; he had served all with equal fidelity and stood and sympathized with the tremendous struggle of the devotion. He was a product of Massachusetts by birth educa~ · human race to improve its condition, and he was easily moved tion, and citizenship. Massachusetts gave this son to 'the Re­ by sympathetic impulses. public. The service which he rendered must hereafter be a My acquaintance with .Mr. HoAR began in 1875. He was then part of the history of the nation. · n. Representative in Congress from the Worcester district, but be was still in active touch with the practice of his profession Mr. KELIHER. Mr. Speaker, the country bas suffered the .which he loved so well. · He was then 49 years of age. The loss of a great son whose useful, brilliant, and exemplary life mellowing influence of years was not then upon him. He was was, in the main, devoted to the upliftment of his fellow-men the keen, caustic, aggressive lawyer, the equal if not the supe­ and the elevation of the. civic standards of his State and nation. rior of any attorney of his years in his own Commonwealth. Massachusetts mourns the loss of GEORGE FRISBIE HoAR and the By inheritance, education, and temperament he was equipped nation shares her sorrow; for both will miss his wise, sound, for a great career at the bar. Had he remained out of politics and patriotic counsel. . and devoted his life to his chosen profession there can be no In accorqance with a time-honored custom, we consecrate doubt he would have achieved great fame as a lawyer and taken these few hours to the memory of the late Senator, in which a foremost rank at the American bar. we may · pay om· worded tributes to the distinguished dead and When Mr~ HoAR entered Congress he was 43 years of age. He briefly summarize a few of· the many of his virtues that earned had already acquired from the practice of his profession what " for him the everlasting love, honor, and respect of the American may properly be regarded as a competency for most attorneys. people. :ae contemplated after a service of one or two terms in Con­ Upon occasions of this kind the eulogist is apt to stray beyond gress to return to private life and continue the practice of law. the conpnes of accurate .review and trespass the tempting fields But like nearly all Members· of Congress, he yielded to the fas­ of exaggeration and fulsomeness. With a subject so replete cinating influence of a public career. He felt the broadening with interesting and historic rlata as the life of GEORGE FRISBIE influence of his· surroundings. He was in touch with the great HoAR there is neither necessity nor excuse for leaving the Republic, and felt the ceaseless throb of the pulse of a restless straight paths of impartially chronicled history of the State and ambitious nation. The ardent patriotism of six genera­ lle so brilliantly represented and the nation he so loyally and tions o.f American ancestry was in his veins. His law books conscientiously served. .were closed, but the history of his country was open to him as He was a splendid type of Massachusetts citizenship-sturdy, never before. He reviewed in a new light the great struggle virile, cultured, liberal, and intensely patriotic. Embodying from Plymouth to Yorktown, and from Yorktown to Appomat­ . the finest traditions of the country he so ardently loved, he was tox, and that other great struggle of legislative conflict begin­ a fine example of the old-school American statesman, fast dis~ ning with the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of appearing, more's the pity, to whose rugged honesty, consistent .Confederation down to the amendments to the Constitution, conservatism, and marked ability the present generation should which worked out the reconstruction of the Republic and ren­ give thanks for the proud position these United States occupy dered its future secure. in the world of nations. · The noted success of his Congressional career during his first Senator HoAR came of a sturdy stock of ancestors that for two terms in the House made him conscious of his capacity and generations back contributed liberally to the fame and glory power in this new field of activity, and he decided to yield. to and the material and intellectual wealth of Massachusetts and the command of his constituency and devote his life to the New England. They- were always a public-spirited and patri~ public service. For tlllrty-five years-a full generation-he otic people who were ever conspicuous in agitations ·and up~ gave the best that was in him to the service of his country. _ris~ngs, moral or physical, that had for their purpose the During that long period no important question of legislation protesting against an abridgment 'of the religious freedom of the was under consideration that did not receive his careful thought people or arresting the encroachment of governmental tyrannies. and attention. Upon most of them is to be seen the impress of All these commendable traits GEORGE FRISBIE HoAR inherited his keen and forceful intellect. and effectively brought into play during his active and infiueil~ No man of his time had a more comprehensive knowledge of tial service to his State and country. His grandfather was one 'American history. , It was a knowledge always at his command. of that immortal band of untrained, undisciplined patriots that But few men have lived who knew the literature of the world faced the British regulars on the memorable April day one hun­ better than he. The habits of the scholar never deserted him. dred and thirty years ago and fired that history-making volley His library to him was peopled with the great spirits of the the echo. of which will ever sound in the hearts of the American past. He loved to commune with the best thoughts of all ages. people. He made a careful shidy of the Englh;;h language. His diction The spirit that rebels against injustice impelled armed re­ was pure and forceful. In the later years of his life he pre­ sistance by his grandfather at Concord to the fm·ther impq- pared. his speeches with the-greatest care. He believed, as he sition of unjust taxation by the despotic and doltish George. It had the right to, that they were to live in American history. incited the vigorous, effective, and impressive battle main~ In the early years of his life he was an intense partisan. He tained by ·Senator HoAR till the final call against the adoption was a member of the Free Soil party, which was pledged to a by his party of a policy that he so vigorously denounced as un- great reform. But with advancing years he ceased to be a righteous and un-American. . partisan. - He \vas fond of the political party to which he be­ Like his· fathers before him, he eagerly took up the cause of longed, but his long experience had ·taught him that even a the lowly and oppressed and valiantly prosecuted the fight ·for political party may not always be right. He looked upon politi- liberty of the struggling Filipino, parting upon this great iseue

• 1005. C·ONGRESSION AL RECORD-SENATE. 2445 •

witb the party be so ardently loved and fo~ w.bich he. bad SO· ; i:n. ymlder.- Ball by tbe nation where in bronze. and marble the untiringly toiled all his life. A strict. constitutionist,. ne. re- ~ se-ver.aJ States may perpetuat-e. their favorite sons~ Were there - sisted witb his profound reasoning, matchless oratory, and in- another place availabl:e. the overwhelming sentiment. of. the peo­ domitable opposition the. adoption of the new and radical pie of Massachusetts, without regard to race, religion, or pont­ doctrine of the Republican party that established a republic , ical party, would be voiced in favor of the. selection- of a statue in Cuba and by force of might denied one tO; the: Fili.plno--), ac- of him who- embo.died her. ideals of manliness, patriotism, liber.- quirlng- so-vereignty over the Philippines. instead~ · ality,, learning, and statesmilllShip-GEORGE FRisBIE HoAB •. His veneration for the Constitution and unyielding adherence

to a. ·strict construction of itsJ provisions: weakened his in- . Mr. LOVERING~ Mr... Spealter1 there were· several other. flue:nce in the Sen-ater but immeasurably, increased the affection' Members who desired to speak, but who have been unable ta· the people bo.re- him. The· attitude. of Senator HoAR upon. the b.e: present.. I therefore ask unanimous consent that permission Philippine question was consistent with every public: act. of hi& be given to those who desire to do so to print in the- RECORD. life. · The. SPEAKER p.ra tempore. Is. there obj.ectio.n to the re- In the earlier days, when the spirit of rac.e and r.eligjous quest of the gentreman from Massachusetts'! [After a pause.} bigotry was rampant, wheDJ the moyement to proscribe the alien 1 The Chair hears. none_ · was gaining alarming impetus, GEORGE FRISBIE HoAB stood up, , Now,. in. pursuance to· the res.olution heretofore a-dopted, the a colossal figure, in opposition.. For this- Chr1stian. stand taken ' House stands adjourned. by l'l·im and men of his kind a tremendous debt of gratitude is . According]~ (at 2. o'clock. and 31 minutes p. m. J the- House-ad­ owed by ~ immigrants- of fifty years ago,. their- chlfy the Chaplain, Rev. EnwARD E. HALE'. . and tyrannies of monarchical goven}Hlents, andi wh()Se ambiti()n The. Secretru.--y proceeded to read the J:o.urnal of the proceed­ it was to- seize: the opportunitieS: in which this. eountry so : ings of Saturday lastr when, on request of Mr. GALLIN~ER, and richly abounded. ' by unanimous. consent, the< further reading, was, dispensed:. with. Forced from an unfortunate· eountry whose· bfstocy is one· of . The, PRESIDENT pro-tempore., Without objection, the .leur­ never-ending wrong, every page of which makes' the nearl sick : I:Ulli w.ill stand: ap@"ov:ed. with its record of persecution and annihilatio-n, my expatriated father,. with hope: unlimiteq, sought refuge in this country~ the MES:SAGE. FROM. THE HOUSE.. !i!ecca of the opp-ressed of the· world. Imagine his surprise: an·d disappointment to soon find an element in the- l-and he· had A message from the House of Representatives·,. by Mr; w: J. dreamed of as. the garden of- lil>erty shrieking their hatred or· the ; BBowNING, its Chief Clerk, announced that the House had foreign born,_and demanding their suppression, deportation, and : passed with amendments the following, hills;_ in which it re- ofttimes their destruction~ · quested: the concurrence of the Senate = When feeling and prejudice ran hign, witfi no· fear of political : S. 4503. An act to :Qio-vide for sittings ol! the circuit court and or social effect, Senator HoAB stood up in opposition, and did . district courts of the southern district o.f Florida in the city e:f much to bring the American people- ta a realiza:tio:n; of the- incon- : Fernandina:, in said district-; and gruous position the-y had taken. When again, in my day.. this S:. 5972. An act permitting the building· of a dam across the sp:iL·it of intoleFance and narrowness was revived~ when men Mississippi River between tlie village of Sauk Rapids, Benton high in the- councils of' his: party· and influential in· shaping its County, 1\Iinn., and the city of' St. Cloud, Stearns County, Minn.. policies co-vertly connived at the unpatriotic work that was The message· also: announced that the House had passed the going on, or C()wardly evaded meeting- the reprehensi:ble· issue, foliowing bills and joint resolution = Senato-r HoAR came out inte. the open. and· denounced: it as vehe- : S. 54. An act for the relief of William B. Barnes; mently as his intense nature would permit His denunciation S. 57. An act for the relief of' Laura S:. Gilling;waters; stirred the peopte so thoroughly that the unholy movement soon · S. 6'0. An act for the-relief of Gottlieb C ~ Rose; · died unwept; dishonored;. and soon forgotten. , S. 2433. An act tu amend th-e- military record of1 John H. Senator HoAR's masterty attributes were a lJlessed inheritance. : Skinner;· It is not to be wondered that he was. sc.holarl;y, for his A B C's s: 3218. An act for the relief: of· Civil Engineer P. C: Asserson, were taught him by a mother who- inherited rare-intellectuaHty retired; wbi-cb she instilled and: imparted tO> her son, and in his rndi- S. 4079: An act for the relief of J"arqes Denton~ menta:ry studies be was instructed oy. an exceptionally talented S. 4096. An act for the relief of Lo-uis J. Souer;. collector of father. internal revenue fo-r the coll-ection district of Louisiana. That be was intensely patriotic was: due not· only to the fnflu- , 8. 5172. An act for the relief of the heirs of D~ C. McCarr and ence of heredity, for environment contributed as well. Nursed , Edward Conery, sr.; by a mother whose father, Roger Sherman, was a potent factor S. 5997. An act- authurizfng the President to- nominate· a-nd in· shaping- the events that led to• the Revolutionary war ~ and : avpoint William L. Patterson: a second lieutenant in the United rocked upon. the knee of a father w:bose· father stood at Con- States Army, eord Bridge, on-e of the intrepid few that fired. the. shot tliat:-gave . S. 6270. Ap. act direeting- the issue of a check in lieu of· a impetus to the war that resulted in the. formation of this. great lost cheek drawn in favor of W. W. Montague & Co., of:. San nation, he could not. be otherwise than patriotie; · Francisco, Cal. ; As a lad he romped upon highways and byways that were. S. 6337. An act for the establishment of subparts: of entry at rich in historical traditions, and grew- into- manfiood in an at- Rouses Point and 1\Ialone, N. Y. , mosphere , o! patriotism. He .imbibed fueely of the profflund S .. 6951. An act to authorize the· Spokane International Rail­ philosophy from the pure wens- that were plentiful witfiin tlie way Company to construct and maintain bridge across- the Pend confines of. class.ic Concord from. the time he ru!I:ived at the· age d'Oreille River and· the Kootenai River in the- county of Koote­ of understanding. The effect upon young HoAR would lend : nai, State of Idaho; and credence- to. the theory that- ' S. R. 6o. Joint resol-ution pro-viding fOJ:· an extension of time : for C()mpieting the highway bridge and approaches across th-e Youth:, like the softened wax, with eas~ will take· P-otomac River· at 1\ ashlngton, D. C. The images that first impressions make.. Tbe message further announced that tl:i:e House had passed Nature gave bountifully when. endowing Senator Ho.AR. She the following bills; in which it requested the- coneurrence of made him industrious, and he· applied that indus.try to the- end the Senate. that his fellows might benefit from it~ she. lavLghed upon him H. R. 1860. An act for the relief of certain enlisted men of literary attainments, and the resurt. of his efforts· in those fields the Twentieth Reg;iment of New York Volunteer Infantry; were. inspiring and instructive~ she made his nature broad and H. R: 2848. An act fot~ tbe refief of Capt. Ferdinand Hansen; liberal, and that liberality exercised a potent influence. tn en- . II R'. 682~ . An act to remove the reeord of dishonorable dis­ larging the scope of civic rights a:ru1 religi:ous. freedom of the . charges from the- military records- of John Shamburger, Louis harassed and. circumscribed; sbe olessed him wrt11 rare powers : Smith~ George> Heppe4. and Henry- Metzger ; of. statesmanship that wer.e all exerted in enfiancing the honor H. R. 8413'. An act for the: relief of John Gretzer, j.r; ; and glory of his country. H. R. 12679-. An act for the re:lief of M. L .. Skidmore-; Mr. Speaker, Massachusetts has filled' the places allotted' her H. R. 12881.. An aet for- the, relief of Ellen A. Dunn;

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