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(Lepidoptera: Heterocera : Sphingidae) of Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary, Jharkhand

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(Lepidoptera: Heterocera : Sphingidae) of Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary, Jharkhand Rec. zool. Surv. India: l11(Part-l) : 25-30, 2011 STUDIES ON THE SPHINGID FAUNA (LEPIDOPTERA: HETEROCERA : SPHINGIDAE) OF DALMA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY, JHARKHAND S. SAMBATH Zoological Survey of India Central Zone Regional Centre, Jabalpur-4B2 002 E-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCTION DIVISION: ASEMANOPHORAE Sphingidae is a family of moths (Lepidoptera), Subfamily ACHERONTIINAE commonly called hawk moths, sphinx moths and Tribe ACHERONTIINI hornworms, and are known to travel long distances on Genus Acherontia Laspeyres migration; some species have been encountered at mid­ 1. Acherontia lachesis (Fabr.) sea by ships (Kehimkar, 1997). They are moderate to large in size and are distinguished among other moths 1798. Sphinx lachesis Fabricius, Syst. Ent. Supp 1. , : 434. by their rapid, sustained flying ability (ScobIe, 1995).The 1937. Acherontia lachesis, Bell & Scott, Fauna Brit. India, stout and cigar shaped body and long and narrow Moths, 5 : 55. forewings are clearly adaptated for rapid flight. The Diagnosis : Head and thorax blackish, powdered possession of long proboscis makes them ideal and with white, yellow and blue-grey scales. The skull mark distinct pollinators for flowers with long tubular corolla on the dorsum of the thorax more conspicuous. Fore (Barlow, 1982). The family comprises of roughly 1,354 wing blackish, powdered with white, yellow and bluish species reported worldwide, out of which about 204 grey scales. Hind wing upper side with the basal third species are distributed in India (Bell & Scott, 1937; D' marked with black. Abdomen black with a broad, Abrera, 1986). interrupted, grey-blue dorsal stripe and small yellow The earlier studies revealed that little works have side patches on the four proximal segments. been done on the taxonomy, ecology and distribution Material Examined : 2 exx., 5.viii.2008; 2 exx., of sphingidae in India and practically very little 6.viii.2008; 2 ex., 7.viii.2008. Pindra pera, Dalma wildlife information is available from Bihar and lharkhand (Bell sanctuary, East Singhbhum, lharkhand, colI. S. Sambath & Scott, 1937; Beeson, 1941; Lefroy & Howlett, 1971). & Party. In the present work attempts have been made during Wingspan: 102-132 mm. 2007 and 2008 to collect and study sphingid moths Occurrence: luly-September. from Dalma wildlife sanctuary which is one of the important conservation areas in lharkhand. The studies Distribution: India: lharkhand (East Singhbhum), have revealed the presence of 17 species of sphingid Andaman Islands, Madhya Pradesh (Indore, Seoni), moths under 12 genera which are reported here for the Orissa (Balas ore) and West Bengal (Kolkata and North first time from Dalma wildlife sanctuary. 24-Parganas); almost throughout the rest of the The diagnostic characters, occurrence, distribution mainland except the North-West Himalaya. etc. dealt in this paper are based on Beeson (1941), Bell Elsewhere: Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, lava up to and Scott (1937), MandaI and Maulik (1991, 1997) and Southern Moluccas in the farther east, Malaysia Chandra and Nema (2007). (western), Myanmar, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. 26 Rec. zool. Surv. India Host Plants : Erythrina spp., Ipomaea spp., Occurrence: August-December lasminum spp., Solan us spp., Tectona grandis, Vitex Distribution: India: lharkhand (East Singhbhum), negundo, etc. Orissa (Cuttack), West Bengal and throughout the rest 2. Acherontia styx styx (Westwood) of the mainland. 1848. Sphenx (Acherontia) styx Westwood, Cab. Or. Ent., : Elsewhere : Eastern hemisphere except the higher 88. latitudes, Europe and rarely in England, Siberia. 1937. Acherontia styx styx, Bell & Scott, Fauna Brit. India, Host Plants: Plants of the family Leguminosae and Moths, 5 : 58. Convolvulaceae. Diagnosis : Skull mark on thorax is less Tribe SPHINGINI conspicuous. Fore wing with tawny-russet streaks. The Genus Meganoton Boisduval basal third of hind wing upper side being immaculate instead of marked with black. Abdomen bears yellow 4. Meganoton nyctiphanes (Walk) side-patches well extensive. Fore tibiae with few spines. 1856. Macrosila nyctiphanes Walker, List Specimens lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus., 8 : 209. Material Examined: 1 ex., 6.viii.1975, Rajendra 1937. Meganoton nyctiphanes, Bell & Scott, Fauna Brit. Nagar, Patna, Bihar. ColI. K.C. Kansal; 2 exx., 5.viii.200S; India, Moths, 5 : 73. 2 exx., 6.viii.200S; 1 ex., 7.viii.200S. Pindra pera, Dalma wildlife sanctuary, East Singhbhum, lharkhand, colI. S. Diagnosis : Upper side dark brown. Fore wing variegated with various shades of brown and grey Sambath & Party. scales and crossed by numerous waved dark lines. Hind Wingspan : 90-130 mm. wing dark brown with a series of pale spots across the Occurrence: April-August. disc. Head, thorax and abdomen white below; abdomen Distribution: India: lharkhand (East Singhbhum), with white segmental streaks at sides. Bihar (Patna), Madhya Pradesh (Indore, labalpur, Material Examined: 1 ex., 6.viii.200S; 3 exx., Seoni), Orissa (Sundargarh) and West Bengal (Bankura, 27.ix.200S; 2 exx., 4.xii.200S, Pindra pera, Dalma wildlife Barddhaman, and Kolkata) and throughout the rest of sanctuary, East Singhbhum, lharkhand, colI. S. Sambath the mainland. & Party. Elsewhere: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Pakistan Wingspan: 105-125 mm. and Sri Lanka. Occurrence: August-December. Host Plants: lasminum spp., Nyctanthes, Sesamum Distribution: India: lharkhand (East Singhbhum), indicum, Vitex negudo. Andaman Islands, East Himalaya and Southern Genus Herse Oken peninsula. 3. Herse convolvuli convolvuli (Linnaeus) Elsewhere: Malaya, Myanmar and Sri Lanka. 1758. Sphinx convolvuli Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10 : 490. Host Plants: Symphorema involucratum. 1937. Herse convolvuli convolvuli, Bell & Scott, Fauna Brit. Genus Psilogramma Rothschild & lordan India, Moths, 5 : 61. 5. Psilogramma menephron menephron (Cramer) Diagnosis : Fore wing with many narrow whitish 1780. Sphinx menephron Cramer, Pap. Exot., 3: 164. lunulate bands, obsolescent on some specimens. Hind 1937. Psilogramma menephron menephron, Bell & Scott, wing pale grey with broad subbasal, two median and Fauna Brit. India, Moths, 5 : 77. post median fuscuous transverse bands. Abdomen with Diagnosis : Head, thorax and abdomen and fore wing red lateral transverse spots. grey; dark brown bands along sides of palpi and thorax Material Examined: 2 exx., 5.viii.200S, Pindra pera, meeting on metathorax, where there are blue and yellow Dalma wildlife sanctuary, East Singhbhum, lharkhand, scales; abdomen with a blackish dorsal stripe and colI. S. Sambath & Party. brown subdorsal segmental patches. Fore wing with Wingspan : SO-120 mm. dark oblique lines from costa; hind wing brown, with a SAMBATH : Studies on the sphingid Fauna of Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary, lharkhand 27 black patch at anal angle. Rainy season specimens are wing upper side. Body reddish brown, thoracic stripe usually dark. very thin. The fore wing with a series of four subbasal Material Examined : 1 ex., 5.viii.2008; 1 ex., spots, green edged with white. Hind wing yellow pale 6.viii.2008; Pindra pera, Dalma wildlife sanctuary, East or reddish brown. Singhbhum, lharkhand, colI. S. Sambath & Party. Material Examined: 3 exx., 22.viii.2007; 3 exx., Wingspan: 82-138 mm. 27.ix.2008, Pindra pera, Dalma wildlife sanctuary, East Occurrence : August to December. Singhbhum, lharkhand, colI. S. Sambath & Party. Distribution: India: lharkhand (East Singhbhum), Wingspan: 90-110 mm. Orissa (Keonjhar) Madhya Pradesh (Seoni, Sidhi, Occurrence: August-September. Umaria), West Bengal and rest of the mainland. Distribution: Adaman Islands, Southern peninsula. Elsewhere : China and eastwards to the Solomon Elsewhere: China (south), Malaya and Sri Lanka. Islands. Host Plants: Odin a odier and Buchanania latifoilia. Host Plants: Clerodendron infortunatum, Tectona 8. Oxyambulyx substrigilis aglaia lord. grandis, Vitex negundo. 1923. Oxyambulyx substrigilis aglaia Jordan, Novit. Zoo 1. , Subfamily AMBULICINAE 26 (1) : 190-192. Genus Polyptychus Hubner 1937. Oxyambulyx substrigilis aglaia, Bell & Scott, Fauna 6. Polyptychus dentatus (Cramer) Brit. India, Moths, 5 : 128. 1777. Sphinx dentatus Cramer, Pap. Exot., 2 : 42. Diagnosis: This species is easily distinguished by 1937. Polyptychus dentatus, Bell & Scott, Fauna Brit. India, the large black or tawny basal patch of hind wing upper Moths, 5 : 169. side. Dorsal line of abdomen distinct. Diagnosis: Whitish-cinereous. The post-discal and Material examined: 5 exx., 27.ix.2008, Pindra pera, dis cal lines of fore wing parallel, straight, the former Dalma wildlife sanctuary, East Singhbhum, lharkhand, not curved dista beyond R2; the dendate line between colI. S. Sambath & Party. them distinct. Wingspan: 105-120 mm. Material Examined: 1 ex., 27.ix.2008, Pindra pera, Occurrence: September-October. Dalma wildlife sanctuary, East Singhbhum, lharkhand, colI. S. Sambath & Party. Distribution: Southern Part of India. Wingspan: 110 mm. Host Plants: Algaia littoralis. Occurrence: September-December. DIVISION-SEMANOPHORAE Distribution : India : lharkhand East Singhbhum), Subfamily PHILAMPELINAE Madhya Pradesh (Indore, Seoni), West Bengal, Eastern Tribe NEPHELINI and Northwest Himalaya, Maharashtra (Bombay), Genus Acosmeryx Boisduval Southern peninsula and Uttar Pradesh (Allahabad). 9. Acosmeryx anceus subdentata Elsewhere: China, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Rothschild & lordan. Host Plants: Cordia oblique. 1903. Acosmeryx anceus subdentata Rothschild & Jordon, Genus Oxyambulyx Rothschild & lordan Revision of Sphingidae, p. 528. 7. Oxyambulyx subocellata
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