PROCEEDINGS of the HAWAIIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY for 1978

VOL XXIII No. 3 February 1981 Information for Contributors

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VOL XXIIL NO. 3 FOR THE YEAR 1978 FEBRUARY^^g!

JANUARY The 865th meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was called to order by President Ikeda at 2:05 p.m., January 9, 1978, in the Conference Room, Bishop Museum Members Present: Bianchi, B. Brennan, Goff, Higa, Howarth, Ikeda, Joyce, Look, Nishida, Papp, Riotte, Sherman, Steffan, Sugerman, Tenorio. Visitors: Ralph Stoaks, John B. Steinweden. Business: It was moved and passed that the wives and spouses be recog nized as guests for purposes of the Society minutes. Pres. Ikeda announced that names of the Standing Committees for 1978 will be available at the next meeting. Wally Steffan, chairman of the Science Fair Committee, moved that the Society provide a $25 award for the best entomological exhibit displayed at the fair. The motion was approved. Notes and Exhibitions Cothonaspis n. sp.: A number of this recently introduced leafminer parasite (Cynipidae) from Texas (R. Burkhart, June 1976) was recovered from leafminer infested tomato and cucumber plants from Waimanalo, Mikilua and Waianae during surveys conducted in June, September and October 1977. In 1977 about 60,000 adult parasites were released on Oahu. S. Higa. Chrysonotomyia (Achrysochareila) agromyzae (Crawford): Large numbers of this leafminer parasite (Eulophidae) introduced from Linares, by R. Burkhart in June 1976 were recovered from tomato and cucumber plants at Mikilua and Waianae by P. D. Mothershead during September and October 1977. A single release of this parasite was made in Lualualei in May 1977. This parasite along with a closely related , C. punctivenths (Crawford), were introduced and released in 1977 under the generic name Achrysochareila. According to C. M. Yoshimoto, Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Z. Boucek, Chalcidolpgist with the Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, British Museum (Natural History), London, has reviewed the group and has concluded that Achrysochareila Girault is a subgenus of Chrysonotomyia Ashmead, a discovery of an earlier name, thus the new combination. S. Higa Antrocephalus sp.: One male specimen of this chalcid wasp was col lected for the first time from the island of Hawaii, at Wailea near Hilo, by S. Matayoshi on October 24, 1977, a new island record. It was previously identified and reported by Dr. J. W. Beardsley from Oahu in 1974 (Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. Vol. 22 (2): 164). This , probably a parasite of lepidop- terous pupae, is quite distinct from A. pertorvus (Girault) which has been in Hawaii for many years. S. Higa. 310 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society

Psilogramma menephron (Cramer): Two larvae of the gray hawk moth were collected from African olive (Olea africana) on November 10, 1977 at Salt Lake, Oahu by J. Kajiwara. Identification was made by Father J. C. E. Riotte, Bishop Museum. According to Bell and Scott (The Fauna of British , Vol. V, June 1937) its distribution is "Throughout the Indian sub-region, , and eastward to the . Widely distributed and locally common, in both forests and open country, up to 6,000' elevation". Dupont and Roepke (Heterocera Javanica, 1941) also list Japan through S. E. Asia, the Archipelago, N. , and . Host plants in both volumes and F. G. Browne's (Pest and Dis eases of Forest Plantation Trees, 1968) include Casuarina spp. (Casuarinaceae); Melia azedarach (Meliaceae); Pangium edule (Flacour- tiaceae); Orxylum indicum and Apathodea campanulata (Bignoniaceae); Olea dioicum, Jasminum, Ligustrumand Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (Oleaceae); and Tectona grandis, Clerodendron infortunatum, C. villosum, , Callicarpa arborea, and Gmelina arborea (Verbenaceae). All genera are represented in Hawaii as forest and shade trees or ornamentals, including the commercially grown pikake. S. Higa. Parasitization of Tenodera angustipennis Saussure: An ootheca of the mantid Tenodera angustipennis Saussure was collected by K. Adee (U. S. Forest Service) on an African tulip tree, Spathodea campanulata Beauv., on October 17,1977 in Hilo, Hawaii. On October 21, torymid wasps subse quently identified as Podagrion mantis (Ashmead) began emerging from the ootheca. By October 31, 40 mantids had emerged from the ootheca. Parasites, however, continued to emerge until November 28, reaching a total of 13 males and 56 females (sex ratio 1:4.3). Tenodera angustipennis is a native of China, Japan and Java, and was first reported from the island of Hawaii in 1900 (Perkins, Fauna Hawaiien- sis, David Sharp, ed., Cambridge Univ. Press, 2(6):687-690). Zimmer man (1948, of Hawaii, Vol 2, Univ. Hawaii Press, 475pp) lists Podagrion mantis as a parasite of T. angustipennis, but gives no details on its biology. Both species were identified by F. G. Howarth of the Bishop Mu seum. R. P. Papp. Observations on the Cerambycid Plagithmysus varians Sharp in its host Acacia koa Gray: On August 1, 1977,1 examined several large koa logs (Acacia koa Gray) in the Blair Ltd. lumberyard in Hilo, Hawaii. The logs had recently been removed from logging area above Laupahoehoe at an elevation of 1646 m. On July 29 Mr. Nelson Kunitake of the Hawaii State Division of Forestry had noticed many larvae under the bark of the logs, and had brought specimens to me. Upon examining the logs I found that much of the bark had unfor tunately been damaged or destroyed in the logging operation. With the help of two employees at the yard, we were able to remove several intact sections of bark. In the cambium beneath one section measuring 36 x 51 cm2, 68 cerambycid larvae were counted (1 larva per 27 cm2 of log suface). A large number of abortive larval galleries was also uncovered, but since they continually crossed and recrossed each other, an accurate estimate of the total number was precluded. Five sections of bark, each measuring 10 x 10 cm were removed and the total length of galleries excavated in each Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 311 was measured. These bark sections contained from 81 to 145 cm of gall eries per 100 cm2 section (mean of 103 per 100 cm2). Specimens of larvae recovered were reared on a modified Harley diet in Hilo. Two individuals which successfully emerged were later determined to be Plagithmyssus varians Sharp, one of the four endemic plagithmysines which bore in koa on the island of Hawaii. The two reared specimens had pupal periods of 9 and 6 days, and emerged on September 29 and October 3, respectively. The larvae observed on the koa log ranged in length from 5 to 22 mm, indicating that oviposition on the standing trees probably occurred over a considerable time span. No emergence holes or pupal chambers were observed at this time nor was there any evidence of parasitism. On October 181 visited the logging site with Nelson Kunitake and Jack Stein (U. S. Forest Service). At that time we were still able to recover a large number of larvae from logs felled on July 26. We also collected adult specimens of Plagithmyssus varians^ which we observed flying onto and crawling over the logs. Subsequent dissection of some logs revealed that although most of the larval tunnelling occurs immediately beneath the bark, the ultimate larval instar burrows deeply (up to 5 cm) into the sap- wood. Before pupating, it bores a tunnel back out to the wood surface to just beneath the bark, and plugs it with frass. The emerging adult cuts through the frass plug and then through the outer bark to exit. Emergence of adults is very rapid. While examining the logs we exposed two eclosed adults still in the pupal chamber. One of these was apparently fully hardened and had already removed the frass plug. When the outer bark was removed it immediately crawled to the edge of its tunnel and flew out. Behavior of the late instar larvae of P. varians in koa is in marked con trast to that of a related species, P. bilineatus Sharp, in its host Metrosideros collina. The larval galleries of P. bilineatus occur exclusively in the phloem and cambium, and pupation occurs in a chamber at the end of the gallery just beneath the bark, with the exit hole cut by the emerging adult. R. P. Papp. Program: Martin Sherman, Wally Steffan and Bernard Sugerman reported on the national meetings in Washington during November- December. FEBRUARY The 866th meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was called to order by President Ikeda atr 2:05 p.m., February 13, 1978 in the Con ference Room, Bishop Museum. Members present: Arita, Beardsley, Bess, Sianchi, B. Brennan, Chun, Haramoto, Hara, Hardy, Howarth, Ikeda, Joyce, Kajiwara, Lai, Look Nakahara, Nishida, Papp, Radovsky, Samuelson, Sherman,Su, Sugerman, Takara, Tenorio, Vargas, Yoshioka. Guests: G. K. Uchida, H. Megens, H. G. Sengbush, W. Nagamine, Ralph Stoaks, Robin Yamamoto. Common Names Committee: Stan Higa indicated that the committee is working on a revision of the 1975 list and asked for input and suggestions. 312 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society

Editorial Committee Jack Beardsley announced that 22(3) proof had been received and should go back to the printer by next week. There are now enough manuscripts on hand to fill more than one normal-sized issue. He proposed that instead of publishing 23(1) and 23(2) separately that we combine these into (23(1-2) and use all mss. on hand. This would be a reasonable way to catch up and take us through 1977. A motion to this effect was made, seconded and passed. Notes and Exhibitions Stenolophus (Egadroma) quinquepustulatus (Wiedemann): Three specimens of an unrecognized species of carabid beetle were found in a light trap material from Hickam Air Force Base, Oahu, collected October 7, 1977, by J. W. Beardsley. Subsequently, about fifteen additional speci mens have been collected from the same source, and from light trap mate rial from Barber's Point Naval Air Station and Waipio Peninsula. Speci mens were sent to Dr. George E. Ball at the University of Alberta, Edmon ton, Canada, who identified the species as Stenolophus (Egadroma) quin quepustulatus (Wiedemann). This is a new state record. Darlington (1970, Insects of 15(1): 37-38) gives the distribution of the species (placed by him in the Egadroma Motschulsky) as "S. Asia, Japan, Formosa to New , N.E. Australia, Bonin Is, W. Caroline Is. (, Yap)." A second species of Egadroma, E smaragdula (Fabricius), is even more widespread, particularly in Micronesia, and may be expected to turn up in Hawaii almost any time. J. W. Beardsley. Ceratosmicra (?) sp.: Among specimens submitted to me for identifica tion by Pat Conant, in connection with a study of the insects attracted to fruitfly bait materials on Lanai, was a single specimen of a chalcid wasp (Family Chalcididae) which appers to be new to Hawaii. The specimen, a male, appears to belong to the genus Ceratosmicra Ashmead, based on the key to genera of North American Chalcidini by Burks, (1940, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 88:237-354). It does not match the descriptions of any of the species trated by Burks, however. Species of Ceratosmicra, as well as those of several related genera, apparently are mostly hyperparasites in cocoons of braconid and ichneumonid wasps. Additional specimens are being sought in order to further identify this species. J. W. Beardsley. Harmonia conformis (Boisduval): In November of last year I received a note from Mr. C. J. Davis stating that he had identified as Harmonia con formis some coccinellid which were found clustered within a weather instrument shelter located at an elevation of 1646 M (5,400') on the Mauna Loa Strip Road, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, on October 25, 1977. The beetles were found by Mr. Ken Baker, Park Naturalist at HVNP. On January 12,1978,1 visited the site and examined the same pre sently unused weather instrument shelter where I found approximately 30-40 adult H. conformis clustered in the two darkest corners of the box (the same approximate number reported by Baker). The beetle showed no evidence of activity despite relatve mild temperatures prevalent at the time (estimated at 60°F at 10:00 a.m.). These findings suggest that K con formis may hibernate during the winter at higher elevations in Hawaii. H. conformis was released at several localities along the Mauna Loa Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 313

Strip Road during 1973 and 1974, to combat the Acacia psyllid, Psylla uncatoides (Ferris and Klyver), but its establishment in that area has not been previsouly confirmed, although it had been found well established in the area of the Koaia Sanctuary, Kawaihae Uka, Kohala Mts. (975 m) (Leeper andBeardsley, 1976, Proc. Hawaii Entomol. Soc. 22(2):307-321). J. W. Beardsley. Tramea sp.: A single male specimen of a libellulid dragonfly tentatively determined as a species of the widespread genus 7rawetfHagen, was found in the collection of a student in general entomology at Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa last May. The specimen which is obviously different from T. lacerata Hagen, a North American species which had long been present here, was collected at Waiahole, Oahu, February 20, 1977 by D. Cravalho. Recently, Dr. Howarth collected a female specimen of the same dragonfly near Ewa, Oahu, indicating that is probably established here. This is the second new libellulid dragonfly reported from Oahu during the past year. The other species, Orthemisferruginosa (Fabricius), now appear to be quite common in lowland areas of Oahu. More than one dozen specimens were taken by general entomology students during the Fall 1977 semester. J.W. Beardsley. Conchopus acrosticalis (Parent): This is a new name for Paraphrosylus acrosticalis (Parent), Diptera, Dolichopodidae, which is closely related to C. rectus Takagi from Sikoku, Japan. Two other new species of marine dolichopodids have been collected from the island, but remain undeter mined for now. M. A. Kohn. Anoplolepis longipes (Jerdon): January 4-6, 1978,1 did a survey along the streams in the Seven Sacred Pools area, Maui, and this ant has com pletely taken over. It occurs in great numbers all along the stream courses from sea level up to 150 m elevation and has had a devastating effect upon the aquatic insect fauna. Previous to the invasion of the ants large num bers of Neoscatella (Ephydridae), Procanace (Canaceidae) and Telmatogeton (Chironomidae) could be collected in the splash zone along the sides of Ohoe stream, where now there is nothing but ants. This species was first reported from Maui January, 1973 (Coop. Insect Survey Report) but has probably been well established there since at least the mid 1960's. D. E. Hardy. Trichogramma confusum Viggiani: This is to place on record here a new name for what has been known as Trichogramma autralicum Girault. Specimens were sent to Dr. Nagarkatti at the Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, Bangalore, India. They were determined as Trichogramma confusumViggiani. In a letter to Dr. T. Nishida, H. Nagaraja indicated that " T. confusum was thought to be T australicum till recently when Dr. G. Viggiani was able to examine Girault's type at Queensland Museum. He found that the type of T. australicum was different from the one hitherto referred to as T australicum and he has named the latter as T. confusum." T. confusum is a parasite of the eggs of the corn earworm, He- liothis Zea (Boddie) and were collected at the U.H. Agriculture Expt. Sta tion, Waimanalo, Oahu, August 1977. R.I. Vargas. New Host Record for Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki: On December 23, 1977 Nelson Kunitake, State Forestry Division Forester reported to 314 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society me that an eighty feet tall (30' dbh) Kauri pine, Agathis robusta was weakened by termites and wind thrown. The tree was situated at the Hawaii Forestry District Baseyard on Kilauea Avenue in Hilo. Upon inspection I noted that the tree was infested with the Formosan subterra nean termite, Coptotermesformosanus Shiraki. The infestation was present in parts of the tree trunks located sixty feet above ground level. This con stitutes a new host record for C formosanus in Hawaii. J.K. Fujii. Announcements: Dr. Hardy announced that Dr. Toyohi Okada will be spending about 3 weeks at the Bishop Museum working on Drosphilidae. He also announced that Dr. John Smart, Cambridge Univer sity, will give a seminar on the 27th of February on the topic of Fossil Insects. Program: Dr. Po-Yung Lai spoke on the biology and ecology of the For mosan Subterranean Termite and its susceptability to entomogenous fungi. MARCH The 867th meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was called to order by President Ikeda at 2:04 p.m., March 13, 1978 in the Conference Room at Bishop Museum. Members present: Arakaki, Beardsley, Bianchi, B. Brennan, Evenhuis, Goff, Hara, Hardy, Higa, Howarth, Ikeda, Joyce, Look, Riotte, Steffan, Stein, Tenorio. Visitors: Pamela Ferguson, Deborah Manning, Hans Megens, Charles W. Mills, R. Janthina Morris, Massimo Olmi, Howard G. Sengbusch, Ralph Stoaks. Membership Committee: Barry Brennan nominated the following for membership: Grant Uchida, Ralph Stoaks, Charles Mills, and Hans Megens. They were unanimously elected. Announcements: The secretary announced publication of and displayed the first issue of the ESA Newsletter. Note and Exhibitions Sympiesis stigmatipennis Girault: This pinworm parasite (Eulo- phidae) was introduced through Dr. E. Oatman from the Univ. of Califor nia, Riverside October 1977. Since its initial release at Sunset Beach, Oahu February 1978, a number of releases have been made at other locations on this island as well as on the islands of Kauai, and Hawaii. S. Y. Higa. Campoplex n. sp.: This insect (Ichneumonidae) was introduced from Actopan, Mexico, in September 1977 by R. Burkhart. Identification was made by R. W. Carlson, Systematic Entomology Lab., Beltsville, Mary land. A single release at Kapahi, Kauai on February 8,1978 has been made to date. S. Y. Higa. Pineus pini (Macquart): The Eurasian Pine Aphid, Pineus pini (Mac- quart), was collected by D. Ikehara on Kauai. The specimens of this con- iferus pest were obtained from Pinus sp. from a Lihue resident's backyard on February 13, 1978. Subsequent surveys indicate infestations are scat tered throughout the Lihue area. This constitutes a new island record for this species. S. Y. Higa. Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 315

New Earwigs (Carcinophoridae): Mr. A. Brindle of the Manchester Museum, England, has confirmed that the blind, cave-adapted earwig I discovered on the island of Hawaii is an endemic species closely related to AnisolabisperkinsiBun. He has found that A. perkinsiis endemic to the is land of Kauai and that apparently at least one related endemic species occurs on each of the other high islands. Further, he considers Anisolabis eteronoma Borelli, which is not closely related to A. perkinsi^ as also endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. He is desirous of seeing additional la- bidurid earwigs, especially recent material of the A. perkinsi group. He also informs me that there are 2 new state records in the material which I sent him. The in-again out-again Anisolabis maritima (Bonelli) is in again. I sent specimens to Brindle from Laysan and Oahu. This large spe cies is nearly cosmopolitan along seacoasts in rotting vegetation and wave- tossed debris. Except for the NW Hawaii Island records, this is mostly not the species sunk by Zimmerman, 1948, under A. enteronoma in Vol 2 of Insects of Hawaii. The Bishop Museum has specimens from Gardiner Pin nacles, French Frigate Shoal, Pearl and Hermes Reef, Midway, and Laysan Islands. This is the species recorded by Beardsley, 1966, PHES (19:157-185), as occurring on French Frigate Shoal, Pearl and Hermes Reef, and possibly Lisianski Island, as A. eteronoma^ and presumably is the species listed by A. Suehiro, 1960, PHES, 17:271, as A. eteronoma and A, perkinsi from Midway. A. maritima was recently redescribed by Brindle 1972 in Insects of Micronesia, 5(2):128. The other new state record is Gonolabis electa Burr, which seems to be an introduced species from India. Brindle lists this species from Oahu. The collection data is as follows: "onecf, Oahu Island, Kanehoe Bay, 1 m, 25- III-1973, in mangrove leaf litter, F. G. Howarth,". F. G. Howart h. Scotorytha paludicola (Butler): In January 1977 the koa moth defoli ated koa (Acacia koa) in the Makawao Forest Reserve and the land of Halehaku on Maui. Current assessment indicates that the infestation covered a total area of 18,690 acres. Heavy defoliation accounted for 4,550 acres, with the balance of 14,140 acres as light to moderate defoliation. Historically this is the same area which has had three other epidemic out breaks since 1900. General Scotorytha activity was noted on Borge ridge in the Makawao Forest Reserve at 3,500 feet elevation. Larval feeding began during Janu ary of 1977 at the lower elevations of koa. Koa moth larvae had completely defoliated the koa forest up to 4,000 feet elevation and spun down from the trees to pupate by February 10th. Pupation and emergence took place within 20 days. Adults were observed in the field from March 7th through the 30th. The trees have been slow in recovering from the defoliation. It took three months before epicormic buds began to expand. At the end of six months less than one percent of the original crown canopy had refoliated. The new foliage consists of juvenile leaves produced by epicormic and basal sprouts within two meters of the ground. A small percentage of the leaves occurred as witches-broom type growth in the tree crown. After refoliation had begun, the haole koa moth, Semiothisa san- taremaria (Walker), was found throughout the area feeding on the 316 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society

juvenile leaves of koa. This is the first record of S. santaremaria defoliating a species of Acacia in Hawaii. J. D. Stien, Jr. Leucania striata Leech: A single specimen of this immigrant noctudid moth, which was reported from Hawaii for the first time during 1977, was taken at Paliku Cabin, Haleakala National Park, June 3, 1976, in a light trap operated by Dr. Howarth. This is a new island record. J. W. Beardsley. Elasmus sp.: Two specimens of an as yet unidentified species of the chalcidoid genus Elasmus (Elasmidae) were taken from light trap material from Hickam Air Force Base, Oahu, collected March 6,1978. This species is quite distinct from the Elasmus sp. reported as new to the state at the November 1976 meeting, and constitutes the second representative of this largely hyperparasitic genus to become established in the state. J. W. Beardsley. Program: Dr. Wally Steffan spoke on computerized collection manage ment. APRIL The 868th meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was called to order by President Ikeda at 2:05 p.m., April 10, 1978, in the Conference Room, Bishop Museum. Members present: Arakaki, Bess, Bianchi, B. M. Brennan, Higa, Ikeda, Joyce, Lai, Look, Megens, Mills, Nakahara, Nishida, Radovsky, Rice, Riotte, Stoaks, Tenorio, Uchida, Yoshioka. Visitors: Meredith L. Carson, Hampton L. Carson, Deborah Manning. Membership Committee: Barry Brennan nominated Howard Sengbusch and Gordon Young for membership. Both were unanimously accepted. Science Fair: Wally StefTan reported that the Society's $25 award for best Entolmologial Project at the Science Fair was awarded to Myra Kaichi for her exhibit, "Juvenile Hormone Control of Growth and Metamorphosis in Danaus plexippus." Announcements: President Ikeda announced that a tour agent has con tacted him inquiring whether the Society might be interested in a charter for the 1980 International Congress of Entomology in Kyoto. The minimum required for a tour charter would be 15 people. A show of hands revealed that at east 9 members were interested in pursuing the matter. Notes and Exhibitions Gallobelgicus ?saevis Bergroth: A single adult of this reduviid bug was first collected from USD A, APHIS, PP&Q detection light trap at Hickam Air Force Base, Oahu, on December 24, 1977 by J. W. Beardsley. Since then, six more adults have been collected from detection light traps at Hickam Air Force Base and Waipahu, Oahu. Identification was made by J. L. Herring, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, ARS. This is a new state record. This species occurs in the . J. W. Beardsley and L. Nakahara. Some New Island Records: Agraulis vanillae L.: A single adult of the passion vine butterfly was collected in a community garden at Kahului, Maui on February 23, 1978 by J. Ah Sam after being reported by T. Miura, Argricultural instructor at Maui Community College. Identification was made by N. Miyahira. This is Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 317 a new island record. A. vanillae, first detected in the State in January 1977, also occurs on Oahu. N. Miyahira. Anua indiscriminata (Hampson): A single adult of the guava moth was collected at light by A. Morita at Lanai City, Lanai on August 6,1977. This is a new island record for this noctuid that was first reported from Oahu in December 1974. Identification was made by G. Taniguchi. S. Kahoohalahala. Aspidiotus destructor Signoret: Approximately 100 potted palms (Rhapis excelsa) averaging 4 to 6 feet in height were found to be moderate ly infested with the coconut scale at Hilo, Hawaii on September 8, 1977. Specimens were collected by E. Yoshioka and indentified by J. W. Beardsley. This is a new island record. S. Higa and E. Yoshioka. Callopistria sp. and Syagrius fulvitarsis Pascoe: Light feeding damage by the fern caterpillar and the Australian fern weevil were observed on several pots of Boston fern at Lanai City, Lanai. Callopistria sp. larvae and S. fulvitarsis adults were collected on January 8, 1978 by G. Taniguchi and S. Kahoohalahala and identified by S. Higa. Both pests are new island records. G. Taniguchi. Carneocephala sagittifera (Uhler): Heavy infestation of the Bermuda grass leafhopper occurred on the Comunity College campus lawn at Puhi, Kauai, on July 26, 1977. Collections were made by D. Sugawa and D. Ikehara and identified by S. Higa. This is a new island record. Adult infestations were light to moderate on bermuda grass lawns at Kihei, Kahului and Lahaina, Maui during the March 1978 surveys. No significant damage was observed. Although C. sagittifera has been observed at Kahului since early 1976, this is apparently the first record of its occur rence on that island. C. sagittifera is now recorded from all major Hawaiian islands since its first discovery in 1972. N. Miyahara, and L. Nakahara. Delta curvata (Saussure): A specimen of this vespid wasp was collected at large on September 13, 1977 in Haiku, Maui by C. McGrath. This spe cies was previously recorded only from Oahu and Kauai. It was discovered in the state from specimens collected on Oahu in December 1974. N. Miyahira. Eriophyes granati (Canestrini and Massalongo): Moderate infestations of the Pomegranate leaf curl mite on a single pomegranate tree was observed at Kekaha, Kauai by F. Bianchi, D. Sugawa, and L. Nakahara on August 18, 1977. Identification was made by S. Higa. This is a new island record for this recently reported pest. L. Nakahara. Furcaspis biformis Cockerell: Light to moderate infestations of the red orchid scale were observed on cattleya orchid (backyard) at Kualapuu, Molokai by L. Nakahara on June 9,1977. Specimens were identified by S. Higa, DOA taxonomist. This is a new island record. L. Nakahara. Gotra sp.: A single adult of this ichneumonid wasp was collected in a corn field on June 28,1977 at Waimea, Kauai by D. Sugawa. Identification was made by S. Higa. This is a new island record. It is also found on Oahu where it was fist collected in 1974. D. Sugawa. Hyles lineata lineata (Fabricius): Light infestations of this sphingid moth were observed on ornamental Portulaca at Lanai City, Lanai on January 8,1978 by G. Taniguchi and S. Kahoohalahala. Identification was 318 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society made by G. Taniguchi. This is a new island record. G. Taniguchi. Heteropsylla sp: Moderate infestations of this recent immigrant psyllid were observed on Desmanthus virgatus at Hoolehua and Kaunakakai, Mo- lokai, on June 9, 1977. It was originally discovered on Oahu in 1975 and reported as Heteropsylla sp. probably mimosae. Specimens were collected by L.Nakahara. Earlier surveys (April 1977) showed this species to be well established in southern Kauai and absent in central and leeward Maui. On December 19,1977, however, moderate infestations were observed on D. virgatus at Kahului, Maui by N. Miyahara and L. Nakahara. Both collec tions are new island records and were identified by S. Higa. L. Nakahara. Hylephila phyleus Drury: Two adult females of the fiery skipper were recently recovered from student collections by N. Miyahara on Maui. Both collections were made at Kahului, the earliest by R. Tamashiro on Febru ary 9, 1978. Although an adult had also recently been sighted at Kahului, surveys of turf grass and various adjacent blossoms at that locality, Kihei, and Lahaina were negative indicating the recent arrival of this pest. Iden tification was made by N. Miyahara. This is a new island record. It is also found on Oahu (1970) and Hawaii (1794). N. Miyahira and N. Nakahara. Macroglossum pyrrhosticum (Butler): Three adults of the maile pilau hornworm were collected at large by M. Ignacio at Olinda, Maui (2,500 ft. elevation) on August 5, 1977. Identification was made by S. Higa, Hawaii Department of Agriculture. This is a new island record for this moth that was first discovered on Oahu in July, 1976. It was also reported from Hawaii and Kauai. N. Miyahira. Melormensis antillarium (Kirkaldy): A light infestation of all stages of this West Indian flatid was observed on cultivated Asystasia gangetica at Kahului, Maui on March 13, 1978. A survey of that locality revealed an other moderate infestation on a weedy popolo (Solarium nigrum) about a quarter mile away. Subsequently, a reveiw of student collections produced a specimen collected by R. Tamishiro from pikake at Wailuku, Maui on March 12,1978. Identification was made by S. Higa. This is a new island record. This species has previously been reported from Hawaii (1967) and Oahu (1970) N. Miyahira and L. Nakahara. Vespula pensylvanica (Saussure): A single worker of the Western yellowjacket was collected by R. Tendo (a parks employee) in a State park in Iao Valley, Maui on March 20,1978. Identification was made by S. Higa. This is a new island record. It was previously collected from Kauai (1919) and Oahu (1936). N. Miyahira. New Host Records: Aspidiotus destructor Signoret: A light infestation of the coconut scale was observed on yam (Dioscorea sp.) in a community garden at Pearl City, Oahu on March 10, 1978 by L. Nakahara. Identification was made by S. Higa. This is a new host record. L. Nakahara. Contarinia maculipennis Felt: Heavy damage by the blossom midge (over 50% of blossoms affected) was reported on two acres of plumeria (Plumeria acuminated at Waimanalo, Oahu during early July 1977. Collec tions were made by R. Vargas and L. Nakahara from plumeria at the same Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 319 location on July 14, 1977. Identification was made by R. J. Gagne, Sys tematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, ARS. This is a new Hawaiian host record for this pest of vegetables and ornamentals. Surveys conducted on plumeria during mid July showed light damage (lO°/o-2O% of blossoms affected) on chemically treated plumeria at Waimanalo and no evidence of the pest in the drier plumeria plantings (unsprayed) at Waianae, Oahu. Larvae of this midge cause bud drop, malformation, and discoloration of plumeria blossoms. L. Nakahara. Dysmicoccus neobrevipes Beardsley: Moderate to heavy infestation of this gray mealybug were observed on swamp cabbage (on stems above and below soil level) and sweetpotato (on flower bracts) in a com munity garden at Pearl City, Oahu on March 10, 1978 by L. Nakahara. Identification was made by J. W. Beardsley. Both plants are new host records for Hawaii. L. Nakahara. Encarsia sp.: Several dozen specimens (8% parasitism) of this acciden tally introduced aphelinid parasite was reared from a sample of a croton whitefly, Orchamoplatus mannaeferus (Quaintance and Baker). This parasite was first collected from a sample of orange spiny whitefly, Aleuro- canthus spiniferus (Quaintence), on rose at Kapahulu, Oahu in October 1974. This is the first recovery of a parasite from this recent croton pest and is apparently a new host record for this Encarsia sp. The croton whitef ly sample was collected on croton by L. Nakahara from Palolo Valley, Oahu on June 21, 1977. A single Encarsia sp. adult was also recovered form the Kirkaldy whitefly, Dialeurodes kirkaldyi (Kotinsky), on star by N. Miyahira and L. Nakahara from Lahaina, Maui on April 13, 1977 constituting a new host and island record. Both identifications were made by S. Higa, HDOA taxonomist. L. Nakahara. Orchamoplatus mammaeferus (Quaintance and Baker): Light infesta tions of all stages of the croton whitefly were observed on plumeria {Plumeria acuminata) at Kapahulu on June 21, 1977 and on crape myrtle (Lagerstroenia indicd) at Palolo, Oahu on December 16, 1977 by L. Nakahara. Both are new host records and were identified by S. Higa. L. Nakahara. Pseudococcus obscums Essig: Infestations of this obscure mealybug were heavy on a farfugium, Ligularis tussilaginea, and light to moderate on Aglaonema sp. Ixora sp., and Dieffenbachia sp. at Honolulu International Airport, Oahu. Specimens were collected during a detection survey on June 23,1977 by R. Kunishi, W. Nagamine, and L. Nakahara. Identifica tion was made by J. W. Beardsley. All four plants are new Hawaiian host records. R. Kunishi, W. Nagamine, and L. Nakahara. Chortinaspis subchortina (Laing): During February, while collecting grass infested with Rhodegrass mealybug, Antonina graminis (Maskell), for use in the laboratory, I discovered that the stems of the grasses col lected were lightly to moderately infested with an armored scale species not familiar to me. After preparing slide-mounts, the scale was determined to be a species of ChortinaspisFems, close to subchortina (Laing). Positive identification could not be made due to lack of identified specimens for direct comparison. Slide mounts were sent to Mr. Steve Nakahara of the USDA Science and Education Administration, Beltsville, Maryland, who 320 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society made the positive identification of the species as C subchortina. This is a new state record. C subchortina was described (as aspidiotus subchortinus) from Jamaica B.W.I, on Panicum sp/ (Laing, 1929. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (ser. 10) 4:486). Apparently it has a fairly wide host range among grasses, and has been reported also on a few hosts in other monocot families. It is known from Bahama Is., Jamaica, Peru, Panama, Guatemala, Mexico, and the southern U.S. mainland (Florida, Mississippi, Texas, and Arizona). My collections were from para grass (Brachiaria mutica) and St. Augustine grass {Stenotaphum secundatum). Elsewhere it has been collected on the latter host as well as several other grasses including sugarcane (Mississip pi) and on unspecified bromeliads and banana. It does not appear that this species is a pest of economic significance in other areas where it is known J. W. Beardsley. Leptynoptera sulfurea Crawford: At the October, 1977 meeting of this Society, I reported the psyllid, Leptynoptera sulfurea Crawford, as a new state record, based on four specimens takn in light traps operated in the Hickam Air Foce Base, Honolulu International Airport area. A survey made in late November last year revealed moderate to heavy infestations of all stages of this psyllid on young terminal growth of kamani trees {Calophyllym inophyllum) at Honolulu International Airport, Fort Kamehameha, Salt Lake, and Kakaako. Subsequently infestations have been seen in Manoa (U.H. Campus), Nuuanu, and in Kailua. Nymphal infestations produce obvious crinkling and curling of the edges of infested leaves. J. W. Beardsley. Gyponana germari Stal: During December 1977 four specimens of a moderately large green cicadellid leafhopper were found in collections of students in general entomology at Univ. of Hawaii, Manoa. The speci mens, all from localities on Oahu, were all females, the earliest collection date being September 21, 1977. On March 15, a male specimen of this leafhopper was collected by Walter Nagamine, State Dept. of Agriculture from light trap material collected at Honolulu International Airport. A pair of specimens was then submitted to the USDA Insect Identification La boratory where they were identified as Gyponana germari Stal by Dr. J. P. Kramer. This is a new state record. According to Dr. Kramer, G germari is a common Mexican and Central American species. No host information is yet available. J. W. Beardsley. Program: Dr. Hampton Carson gave a talk and slide show on Papua New Guinea Drosophilidae.

MAY The 869th meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was called to order by President James Ikeda at 2:05 p.m., May 8, 1978, in the Con ference Room, Bishop Museum. Members present: Arakaki, Beardsley, B. Brennan, J. Brennan, Chun, Evenhuis, Hara, Haramoto, Higa, Howarth, Hu, Ikeda, Joyce, Lai, Look, Megens, Mills, Nishida, Pinter, Radovsky, Samuelson, Sengbusch, Stoaks, Su, Sugerman, Takara, and J. M. Tenorio. Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 321

Visitors: Bernhard Zelazny, R. Janthina Morris, Debbie Manning, Wayne Moss, Craig Sengbusch, and Mark Thomas. Editorial Committee: Jack Beardsley announced that Volume 22(3) of the Proceedings has been printed and should be in hand by week's end. Common Names Committee: Stan Higa reported that Ron Mau is work ing on a corrected copy of the common names list which should be availa ble to the membership soon. New Business: The President read a letter from Wiliam Sieker, Madison, Wisconsin, asking him to notify the Society members of his interest in receiving from Hawaii on an exchange basis. Frank Howarth suggested that a copy of the letter be given to Father Riotte of the Museum. Notes and Exhibitions Acalles duplex Sharp with associated epicuticular plant growth: Twenty specimens of this endemic cryptorhyncid weevil were collected by me from dead limbs of Acacia koa on Mt. Tantalus, Oahu, at 587 m, on March 26, 1978. Identification of the weevil was confirmed by Dr. Frank Howarth, B.P. Bishop Museum. Some individuals were noted with a greenish coloration of parts of the femora, prothorax, and elytra. This ma terial appeared distinctly plant-like, possibly growing on a waxy dermal se cretion. This initial inspection revealed that the growth appeared to be greatest on those individuals having the lytral prominences greatly abraded, these being devoid of any covering, other then this plantlike growth, and with few scales remaining. Further examination of this and another series of 33 specimens taken on April 8, 1978 from the same lo cale showed that specimens in an unabraded condition had equal or greater plant-like growth formations. Some of the first specimens may have been older, worn individuals. Examination of some of the first specimens by Drs. Al Samuelson, B.P. Bishop Museum, and Cliff Smith, University of Hawaii, confirmed that the growth formations are fungal and algal, but probably not lichenized. These epizoic plant growths appear to be associated with the waxy encrustation covering the cuticle. Such encrustations are common to other species of Acalles from Hawaii. Other species of these weevils from the same locale as A. duplex displayed no indication of plant growth. This fungal-algal association with the weevil may be mutually symbiotic, as the growth does provide a cryptic appearance to the weevil in its natural habitat, and, as a minimum, the weevil may be providing an improved method of plant dispersal. The aforementioned cryptic appearance of this insect can be likened to the many examples of the genus Gymnopholusand other weevils in Papua New Guinea, which have been associated with a va riety of epicuticular cryptogamic plants. In the case of A. duplex and its epicuticular symbionts, this appears to be the first instance of such a sym biosis involving Hawaiian insects. Charles W. Mills, III. Beneficial Insects Purposely Introduced: 1. Bracon sp.: This braconid was introduced from Sanarte, Guatemala by our Exploratory Entomologist, R. Burkhart in July 1977 for the purpose of controlling the tomato pinworm, Keiferia lycopersicella (Walsingham). 322 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society

Identification was made by P.M. Marsh, USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. To date, a single release of 50 parasites has been made on the island of Kauai where the pinworm problem appears to be the greatest. S. Higa. 2. Opius montanus (Ashmead) (Braconidae): This is one of three Opius parasites that have, in recent times, been purposely introduced for the control of serpentine leafminers, Liriomyza spp. This species was collected and introduced from San Diego, California by R. Burkhart in May 1977 and was reported as Opius sp. in a note presented to the Society at the October 17,1977 meeting. Identification was made by C.F.W. Muesebeck, USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory. S. Higa. Recently Discovered Serpentine Leafminer Parasite: Diglyphus intermedius (Girault): This near identical species to our long established D. begini (Ashmead) was first brought to my attention by a U.H. graduate assistant, Parry Mothershead, during the course of her field work (M.S. Thesis) on Oahu on parasites of the leafminer, Liriomyza sativae L. A follow up examination of the Hawaii Department of Agri culture D. begini collection revealed a series of misidentified specimens from Kauai bearing 1944 collection dates and a single 1964 specimen also from Kauai. This material along with recently (1977) collected specimens from Kauai, Oahu, and Hawaii (mostly from leafminer infested tomato plants) were sent to Dr. Gordon Gordh, University of California, River side, who identified all of the specimens as Diglyphus intermedius thus con firming the establishment of this species. The degree of hind tibial banding and a minute difference in fore wing venation distinguish these species. D. intermedius is a well documented parasite of serpentine leafminers in the continental U.S. and Mexico. This insect was also purposely introduced from BIRL, Delaware in 1975 and released only on Oahu. S. Higa. Alloxysta brassicae (Ashmead): In a recent revision of the Neatric Alloxystinae (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) (Andrews, F.G., 1978, Occas. Pa pers in Entomol., No. 23, California Dept of Food and Agriculture) the new combination Alloxysta brassicae (Ashmead) has been proposed for the species known in Hawaii as Charips brassicae (Ashmead) (Beardsley, 1966. Notes and Exhibitions, Proc. Hawaii Entomol. Soc. 19:143.). In light of Dr. Andrews revision, the identity of our species should probably be re- examined. J. W. Beardsley. Natural Enemies of Brevennia rehi (Lindinger): At the March 1976 meeting of this Society I reported the collection of a single specimen of the grass-infesting mealybug, Brevennia rehi (Lindinger) at Waialua, Oahu, as a new state record. Since then, small numbers of B. rehi have been col lected at several additional locations on Oahu (Pearl City, Waipahu, Hickam Air Force Base) indicating that the species is definetely estab lished here. In view of the fact that this species has proven to be a pest of Bermuda grass grown for seed in Southern California and Arizona (Miller, D.R. 1975. USDA Tech. Bui. 1497, p.51) it has been somewhat surprising that large and possibly damaging populations have not appeared here. This may be due, at least in part, to the presence in Hawaii of several natural enemies, one or more of which may have arrived here at the same time as the mealybug. During August 1977 I collected wire grass (Eleusine indica) Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 323 infested with R rehi at Hickam Air Force Base, Oahu, from which I obtained adults and larvae of three species of coccinellid beetles, Bru- moides suturalis (Fabricius), Diomus debilis (LeConte) and Diomus sp. Although Diomus debilis has been present in Hawaii for many years, Bru- moides suturalis was not found here until June, 1974, and the undeter mined Diomus was first collected here in August 1973. However, the most abundant natural enemy obtained from the material collected at Hickam AFB was a distinctive, appearently undescribed species of Anagyrus (Family Encyrtidae). Since Anagyrus species are all primarily parasites of mealybugs and are generally restricted in their host range to one of a few closely related host species, it is likely that this parasite arrived in Hawaii with R rehi, and very possibly has been the major factor responsible for holding populations of this mealybug below damaging levels here. The Anagyrus is a new state record, and will be formally described and named in a paper now in preparation. J. W. Beardsley. Haematopinus quadripertusus (Fahrenholz): This records a new island record for the cattle trail louse (Anoplura, Haematopinidae). Specimens from Kauai taken from around the eyes and on the tails of calves by Dr. W. Haas, Veternarian at Lihue were identified as this species by Dr. K. D. Emerson, A.R.S. U.S.N.M. This species had previously been recorded only from Waimanalo, Oahu, April 1963 (Joyce, 1964, Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. 18:334). D. E. Hardy. Kurodaia flammei (Price and Beer): Specimens of this biting louse (Mallophaga, Menoponidae) were taken from a Hawaiian owl (Asioflam- meus sandwichensis) on Kauai by David Haas. This had been previously known only from the type series collected on A. flammeusaX Dallas, Texas (1963 Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 56:851). The specimens were indentified by Dr. Emerson. D. E. Hardy. Correction of names for Sciomyzidae introduced into Hawaii: Pherbellia dorsata (Zetterstedt) = correct combination for Sciomyza dorsata. P. parallela (Walker) is correct name for P. grisescens (Meigen). Sepedomerus macropus (Walker) is correct name for Sepedon macropus. Sepedon aenescens (Wiedmann) is correct name for S. sauteri Hendel. Only the later two species are established in Hawaii. D. E. Hardy. Dacus dorsalis (Hendel): At the request of the USDA-PPQ, bait traps were installed on Miday Naval Station during 11-18 April 1978. Numerous Dacus dorsalis flies were collected on Sand Island, while none were taken on Eastern Island. Tropical almond trees, Terminalis catappa L., which were planted in 1954, were confirmed as host for the flies. The iden- tificaion was made by me and confirmed by the PPQ Honolulu Airport. This record from Midway appears to be the first report of the Oriental fruit fly from the leeward chain of the Hawaiian Islands. L. Pinter. Program: Dr. Ralph Stoaks (Bishop Museum) spoke on "Factors in fluencing riffle insect populations in eastern North Dakota." Dr. Deane Furman, Univ. California at Berkeley, discussed "Endoparasitism and evolution in mesostimatic mites infesting mammals." 324 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society

JUNE The 870th meeting of of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was called to order by President James Ikeda at 2:02 p.m., June 13,1978, in the Con ference Room, Bishop Museum. Members present: B. Brennan, Chun, Furumizo, Howarth, Hu, Ikeda, Joyce, Kitaguchi, Komatsu, Megens, Mills, Nishida, Radovsky, Sengbusch. Visitors: Wool, C.H. Sengbusch, D'Araujo, Furman, J.M. Brennan. Membership Commmittee: Stanley T. Seo, ESDA, was unanimously approved for membership. Editorial Committee: B. Brennan reported for Jack Beardsley that the latest Proceedings of HES, 22(3), are mostly distributed. Dick Tsuda is taking care of exchanges. New Business: A draft notification was received from the State Depart ment of Natural Resources regarding the proposal, "Conceptual plans and guidelines for selecting tree planting sites for industrial wood production." The draft was turned over to the Liaison Committee for consideration of its environmental impact. Announcement: Dr. Ray Joyce, program chairman, announced that the July 10th meeting would be held at the University of Hawaii. An open house will be held for visitors to view the new Agricultural Sciences Entomological facilities in the new building. Notes and Exhibitions Perkinsiella saccharicida (Kirkaldy): Mr. Bianchi exhibited a sample from a swarm of sugarcane leafhoppers which had invaded an apartment on the 12th floor of a building near the east end of Kalakaua during the evening of May 17. The sample consisted of 174 males and 76 females and had been collected by the owner of the apartment, who reported that the swarm covered the entire ceiling of his large living room. The insects had appeared about 9 o'clock in the evening and had entered the well lit apart ment through a wide doorway which faces the ocean in a S.W. direction. As "Kona Weather" with mild southwesterly to northwestwesterly winds prevailed at the time, it can be assumed that the insects had been brought by the wind from the nearest sugarcane fields fifteen miles away at the Oahu Sugar Plantation. Before 1920, when Perkinsiella was made scarce by its introduced parasites, swarming occurred frequently on all the islands, but has not been reported for many years on Oahu. There is no previous record of a swarm ever reaching the city of Honolulu. F.A. Bianchi. Chrysobothris indica (Castlenau and Gory): F.A. Bianchi exhibited a buprestid which he had found crawling on the sand at Tong's Beach, Honolulu, on June 6. Comparison with named material in the Bishop Mu seum and the State Department of Agriculture shows the specimen to be Chrysobothris indica, a species which was first found in Honolulu in June 1946 but has been collected only a few times since then. According to E.C. Zimmerman (Note, Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. XVI (1): 19) the species is widespread from India to and is known to bore in Anogeissus, Mysistica, Mimusops, and Acacia, but its host plant in Hawaii is not known. Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 325

F.A. Bianchi. An effective fly trap: This is to report on the effectiveness of the Pisonia grandis (Nyctaginaceae) tree as a fly trap. The particular tree observed was located in the botanical gardens at Wahiawa, Oahu, and has sticky clusters of pencil like fruit during the months of April and May. The tree belongs to the "Four O'clock Family." In early May of 1977 and again in 1978 a small dead bird was noted entrapped in a fruit cluster. The bird in turn attracted many blow, flesh, and other filth flies which were stuck on the sticky fruit. The most common ones in order of abundance were: Chrysomya megacephala (Fab.), Synthesiomyia nudiseta (Van der Wulp), Atherigona excisa (Thomson), Parasarcophaga agrystoma (Robineau- Desvoidy), C rufifacies (Macquart), and Ophyra aenescens (Wiedemann). The tree P. grandis is common in Southeast Asia and the low islands of the Pacific. The native Hawaiians are said to make use of the sticky fruit to catch birds to get the colored feathers for the Chiefs cloaks and helmets. C. R. Joyce. Orcus chalybeus (Boisduval): Larvae of the steelblue lady beetle, Orcus chalybeus were observed feeding on the immature and adult stages of the croton whitefly, Orchamoplatus mammaeferus (Quaintance and Baker) on Hawaiian lemon leaves in Palolo Valley. The adults of this lady beetle were also present but were not observed feeding on the whiteflies. This is a new host record fo the lady beetle and a first predator record of the Whitefly in Hawaii. M. Chun. Program: Dr. Howard Sengbusch, State University College, Buffalo, N.Y., spoke on "A study of the prevalence of hair follicle mites, Demodex folliculorum and D. brevis, in a selected human population in western New York." JULY The 871st meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was called to order by President James Ikeda at 2:05 p.m., in the Entomology Depart ment, University of Hawaii, Agricultural Science Facility I, 3050 Maile Way, Room 306, on July 10, 1978. Members present: Arita, Beardsley, Bianchi, Chang, Funasaki, Furumizo, Gressitt, Haramoto, Hasa, Higa, Hu, Ikeda, Joyce, Kaneshiro, Kumashiro, Lai, Megens, Nakahara, Namba, Sakimura, Samuelson, Sher man, Shiroma, Stoaks, Su, Sugerman, Tamashiro, Tanimoto, J.M. Tenorio, Tsuda, Uchida, Yates, Taniguchi, Radovsky, Kau, Harris. Visitors: Marquez, Sembel, Saul, Furman, Yamada, Hopai, Leong. Unfinished Business: Jack Beardsley indicated he wishes to withdraw from the Logo Committee. Fred Bianchi and Bernard Sugerman volun teered to work on a logo. Notes and Exhibitions Tropisternus salsamentus (Fall): Specimens of an immigrant hydrophilid water beetle, previously unrecorded in Hawaii, were deter mined as Tropisternus salsamentus (Fall) by Dr. Paul J. Spangler, U.S. National Museum, Washington D.C. Specimens were first collected on West Maui in July of 1968 by Dr. J.A. Tenorio, and were also taken in light trap collections from Oahu soon afterward. Until recently it had not 326 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society

been possible to clarify the name of this species. J. W. Beardsley. Program: The program consisted of an Open House at the new Entomology Facilities at the University of Hawaii. Chairman Frank Haramoto welcomed members and guests to the Open House and other members of the Entomology staff outlined the layout of the facilities and commented on new equipment and instruments obtained. Ono refresh ments were provided. AUGUST The 872nd meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was called to order by President James Ikeda at 2:05 p.m., August 14, 1978 in the Con ference Room, Bishop Museum. Members present: Beardsley, Bianchi, B. Brennan, Chun, Evenhuis, Furumizo, Goff, Hansen, Hardy, Higa, Howarth, Ikeda, Lauret, Look, Megens, Mitchell, Montgomery, Myles, Nishida, Pinter, Riotte, Sakimura, Steffan, Sugerman, Takara, Tenorio and Uchida. Visitors: Leon Rosen, Deborah Manning. Editorial Committee: Jack Beardsley reported that specifications for the next issue have been sent out. Liaison Committee: Frank Howarth informed the Society that he had proposed the Kauai Wolf Spider as endangered and the Kauai Cave Amphipod as threatened. The Society has been asked by the Office of Endangered Species to comment on these proposals published in the Federal Resigter. Jack Beardsley moved that the chairman of the Liaison Committee write a letter of response conveying the Society's approval for designation of these cave animals as endangered species. This was sec onded and unanimously approved. Membership Committee: Craig Senbusch was nominated and unan imously elected to membership. Logo Committee: Fred Bianchi suggested that we use the native ceram- bycid imaged on some of the earlier Proceedings as our logo. The printer consulted indicated that we could use the old images and need not make new illustrations. Cost would be $2.25 plus $16.75 for 1000 sheets. A motion by Wally Mitchell that we order 1000 letterhead sheets and 1000 envelopes was seconded and passed. Fred Bianchi will look in the archives material for the original illustration. New Business: Lee Goff described the functions of the Rocky Moun tain Laboratory in Hamilton Montana, and announced the intention of the new director of the NIAID to dismantle this national center. Dr. Goff read the background statement and resolution adopted by the 5th International Congress of Acarology enacted during the August 1978 meetings in East Lansing, Michigan. He moved that HES draft a letter in support of the res olution to be sent to Dr. Krauss, NIAID Director, Secretary Califano and to Hawaiian representatives in Congress. This would include a 10-page background on RML written by Dr. Harry Hoogstrall outlining the ser vices of the Laboratory. The motion was seconded and unanimously passed. Dr. Goff will draft and send letters. Papers presented: D. E. Hardy submitted the manuscript for publica tion: Hawaiian Drosophila Project: Origins and History, by Herman Spieth. Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 327

Notes and Exhibitions Euconocephalus nasutus (Thunberg): A male specimen of an immi grant tettigoniid grasshopper which I determined as Euconocephalus nasutus, was sent to me recently by Mr. George Balazs of the Hawaiian In stitute of Marine Biology. The specimen was collected by Mr. Balazs and Ms. M. Naftel on Lisianski Island in the Leeward Hawaiian Islands on July 22, 1978. Mr. Balazs reported that at the time the specimen was taken, numerous males of this grasshopper were heard on the island and this sound prompted the search which yielded the specimen. This is the first record of K nasutus from the Leeward Islands. J. W. Beardsley. Leptynoptera sulfurea (Crawford): an infestation of the Kamani psy- llid, Leptynoptera sulfurea was observed on a Kamani tree, calophyllum inophyllum, at Kaunakakai, Molokai on July 20, 1978. This is a new island record for the psyllid which was known previously in Hawaii only from Oahu. J. W. Beardsley. Leucania loreyi (Duponchel): A male of this immigrant noctuid moth was recovered from light trap material taken at General Lyman Field, Hilo, Hawaii June 28,1978. This is a new island record for L. /orey/which until now had been reported in the state only from Oahu. J. W. Beardsley. Lyctocoris campestris (Fabricius): The anthrocorid genus Lyctocoris has been known in Hawaii only on the basis of the unique holotype of Nesidiocheilus hawaiiensis Kirkaldy, described from Haleakala, Maui in the Fauna Hawaiiensis. Zimmerman (Ins. Hawaii Vol. 3:174) placed Kirkaldy's species in Lyctocoris and stated that China, who examined the type specimen in the British Museum, believed it to be probably "merely a form" of L. campestris Fab., a species of widespread distribution. Because the species had never been recollected since the original specimen was taken by Perkins, Zimmerman suggested that "perhaps it should be removed from our list." In January of 1975, Mr. Steve Montgomery brought in to me some mealybug infested branches of a native Euphorbia species with deformed leaves and twips which he had collected at 7,800' elevation on Mauna Kea, Hawaii. While removing mealybug specimens from this material I encoun tered several specimens of a large anthocorid which I had not seen before. In all six specimens were obtained. These ran to Lyctocoris hawaiiensis in Zimmerman's key to Hawaiian Anthocoridae. Ultimately a pair was sent to Dr. Jon Herring at the USDA Insect Identification Laboratory, who, in a letter received recently stated that "As far as the Lyctocoris is concerned, there is no doubt in my mind that it is campestris". It appears that Lyctocoris campestris probably is established at upper elevations on Mauna Kea, and, as it is a temperate climate species, proba bly does not occur in the lowlands. It also seems very likely that L. hawaiiensis is a synonym of campestris, and that the latter may be present on Haleakala (Perkins specimen was taken "between 7,000 and 10,000 feet"). However, until such time as Kirkaldy's type of L. hawaiiensis cm be reexamined and the possible synonymy is confirmed, it would appear that the presence of L. campestris on Hawaii should be treated as a new state record. J. W. Beardsley. 328 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society

Onus insidiosus (Say): Dr. Herring also wrote concerning the status of the anthocorids of the genus Orius present in Hawaii. Zimmerman (Ins. Hawaii, Vol. 3, p.176) lists only 0. persequens (White) as occurring here. However, 0. insidiosus (Say) has been purposely introduced as a predator, principally on the eggs of Heliothis zea (Boddie) on corn, and specimens from Oahu on corn, which were submitted by Mr. Takara last year, were determined by Herring as 0 insidiosus. In response to my inquiry concern ing the status of these two Orius species in Hawaii, Dr. Herring has written that although they are very similar, including the male genitalia, they ap parently are both valid species. 0 persequens is a trifle smaller and is some what paler; particularly, the basal antennal segments, the cuneus, and all the tibiae are completely pale. It appears that, lacking biological evidence to the contrary, we should treat these as distinct species. J. W. Beardsley. Fletcherana, Progonostola and Kauaiina: Some time ago I presented here the first collected male of Fletcherana ioxantha (Meyrick), captured by E. A. Perry (now Mrs. E. A. Rice) in 1975 in the Alakai Swamp, Kauai, together with male specimens of another nearly related but yet undescribed species from East Maui, collected by S.L. Montgomery in 1973 and later. Further investigation showed that the c? genitalia of both species were considerably different from those of the genus Fletcherana Zimmerman, while the 9 genitalia showed great difference among them, the ones of iox antha tending to the other species described in Fletcherana, the ones of the new species from East Maui tending to those in the genus Progonostola Meyrick, which belongs, as Zimmerman noted, with Megalotica Zimmer man in this endemic cluster of genera which very probably have a common ancestor of Xanthorrhoe Hiiber affiliation. It seems therefore probable that ioxantha and the new species from East Maui, which was described by me in Entomologische Zeitschrift, Vol. 88, p. 77-82, April 17, 1978, and named after its discoverer montgomeryi are forming a bridge from Progonostola to Fletcherana and that Fletcherana is of secondary development. To bring this into the taxonomic scheme the new genus Kauaiina was created for ioxantha and montgomeryiwhich, as already Zimmerman noted for ioxantha, have also some other morphological characters besides the genitalic ones separating them from Fletcherana and the Progonostola group of Geometridae, endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. The type specimen of Kauaiina montgomeryi is in the type collection of the Bishop Museum no. 11249, it was captured on August 5, 1973 in the Hana Forest Reserve, 2040 m elevation, near L. Wai Eleele. There are 7 paratypes, all dd from East Maui, captured at elevations of 1200 and 1500 m. They are at the moment all in the collection of Bishop Museum. The female of Kauaiina montgomeryi which was not yet available at the time of the original description was captured at Hihia, East Maui, 1500 m elevation, on July 17 1976 by S. L. Montgomery and R. Villegas. In the col lection of the Bishop Museum are still 2 specimens (abdomens missing) very probably related to Kauiina from East Molokai and to Fletcherana from Kauai. J. C. E. Riotte. Pineus pini (Macquart): Moderate infestations of the Eurasian Pine aphid, P pini, were found on terminal shoots of Scotch pine, Pinus Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 329

sylvestris at Hosmer Grove, 6600' elevation, Haleakala National Park, Maui. Light infestations of P. pint were found at Polipoli, Maui, 6300' elevation on P. hartwegii, P. montezumae, P. occarpa, P. tenufolia, and P. teocote, which are all species of Mexican pine. These are all new host records. Other species of pines which are recorded hosts of P. pint are Japanese red pine, Pinus densiflora, slash pine, P. elliottit, Mexican weeping pine, P. patula, cluster pine, P. pinaster, Italian stone pine, P. pinecr, monterey pine, P. radiata, loblolly pine, P. taeda and Japanese black pine, P. thunbergii. A. H. Hara and J. D. Stein. Program: Dr. Leon Rosen, Leahi Hospital, spoke on transovarial transmission of arborviruses in mosquitoes.

SEPTEMBER The 873rd meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was called to order by President James Ikeda at 2:05 p.m., September 11, 1978 in the Conference Room, Bishop Museum. Members present: Beardsley, Chang, Goff, Hardy, Harris, Higa, Howarth, Ikeda, Joyce, Krauss, Lauret, Look, Mitchell, Nakahara, Nishida, Ota, Sakimura, Samuelson, Sherman, Steffan, Su, Tanimoto, Tenorio, Tsuda. Visitors: Charles Nagamine, Wayne Gagne, Luis Rodriquez, Norm Ehmann, Dennis Merrill. Liaison Committee: Frank Howarth reported that he had dispatched a letter to the Director of Fish & Wildlife Service in support of 2 cave athropods as threatened and endangered. A copy of the letter is on file with the Secretary. Old Business: Lee Goff indicated that he sent the letters with the HES resolution on the Rocky Mountain Laboratory. He also noted that Frank Radovsky had received a reply to his letter from Richard Krauss, Director, NIAID. Krauss gave assurances that no decisions had been made to change the nature of the RML programs or to cut support, but gave no as surances that relocation would not be made if it were felt to be advan tageous. A proposed Editorial Honorarium was discussed. The President pre sented the recommendation reached at the executive meeting that HES could not afford an honorarium unless it were to increase page charges, membership fees and subscription rates. To do so might mean a loss of membership. Discussion ensued on who would serve as editor, the amount of work entailed, possibility of getting a printer who could give us a long-term contract, etc. The discussion was tabled. Notes and Exhibitions Megalagrion hawaiiensis (McLachlan) feeding observations: On the island of Hawaii, Saddle area, Hilo Forest Reserve, 1200 m, August 29, 1978 at 1350-1600 hrs, a red-bodied Megalagrion damsel fly was observed to hover through a swarm of midges, Forcipomyia ingrami Carter. The hovering was erratic suggesting attempts to catch individual midges from 330 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society

within the swarm. Sorties lasted around 15 seconds and during the observed period at least 5 sorties were noted. The midges swarmed rather closely about a 2.5 m high ohia tree next to a jeep track clearing in open, native scrubby forest. The swarm was most often seen on the SW and N sides of the tree, 1.5 to 2.5m above the ground. The Megalagrion sorties were noted when the swarm was on the SW side of the tree and during the relatively long intervals between sorties, the Megalagrion rested on the outer ohia leaves, more or less adjacent to where the midges frequently swarmed. The Megalargrion also occasionally flew from branch to branch without entering the swarm. The weather was dry, cloudy with some inter mittent sunshine during the observation period. The Megalargrion and midges were identified by F. G.Howarth. G. A. & S. L. Samuel son. Bracon hebetor (Say): On April 10, 1978,1 reared 11 adults of Bracon hebetor (Say) from Cacoblastics cactorum (Berg) larvae which were col lected in Kohala. Dr. J. W. Beardsley identified this braconid and he indi cated the R hebetoris a well-known parasite of various phycitid larvae. Dr. Beardsley also noted one specimen of B. hebetor in the UHM Entomology collection collected by R. D. Hinckley in November 1955, labeled "ex Cactoblastis?". There is no known previous published record of A hebetor from C cactorum in the Hawaiian literature. J.K. Fujii. Brephidium exilis (Boisduval): This tiny Western pygmy blue lycaenid was first noted in the State when Dr. J. W. Beardsley discovered a single adult specimen in light trap material from Hickam Air Force Base, Oahu, on June 6, 1978. Subsequently, additional specimens were caught, at large, during a cooperative USDA, APHIS, PPQ, University of Hawaii, and Hawaii Department of Agriculture detection survey by Nagamine, Nakahara and Tenny at Hickam Air Force Base on June 22, 1978 and in August by Beardsley and Nakahara. Tentatively identified as Brephidium sp. by Dr. Beardsley, the definitive identification was made by Howarth, Rioste and samuelson on September 7, 1978. According to Klots, "A Field Guide to the Butterflies," B. exilis, which measures about 0.5 in. across, is common, flying all year round in southern Texas, strays north to Nebraska (July-September). It ranges west to the Pacific and south to Venezuela. Saltbush (Atriplex spp.) appears to be its major hostplant but Petunia parviflora is also a recorded host in California. S. Higa. Biological Control Program (by Stan Higa): The following species of predaceous mites (Phytoseiidae), cultures of which were introduced from the University of California at Riverside through the courtesy of Dr. J. A. McMurtry and propagated in Honolulu, were released to aid in spider mite (Tetranychus spp.) and broad mite control: 1. Amblyseius californicus (McGregor): Introduced from Riverside on March 1, 1978, this phytoseiid has been propagated in Dr. F. Haramoto's laboratory at the University of Hawaii. The initial release of 100 mites was made at Keeau, Hawaii (Brewer Macadamia Nut Orchard) on March 22. A second release of 300 mites was made at the same location on July 11. On Oahu, about a thousand mites have been released on the grounds of the U.H. Agricultural Training Facilities at Pearl City since July 27, 1978. 2. Phytoseiulus longipes (Evans): Introduced on March 1, 1978, this predator has been propagated in the Hawaii Department of Agriculture Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 331 quarantine facilities. Since June 2 about 150 mites have been released at various locations on Oahu. 3. Iphiseius degenerens (Berlese): Introduced on June 22, 1978, this mite has been propagated in the Hawaii Department of Agriculture quarantine facilities. An initial release of about 50 mites was made at Waimanalo, Oahu on August 29. NEW ISLAND RECORDS Agraulis vanillae Linnaeus: Two larvae of the passion vine butterfly were first collected on Kauai by D. Sugawa on pohapoha at Poipu on June 1, 1978 for a new island record. Adults were also observed in the Poipu area at that time. By early August, adults had apparently become well estab lished over most of the lowland areas of the island from Kapahi to Makeweli. Identification was made by S. Higa. On Maui, A. vanillae infestations (larvae and adults) appears at low levels with adults being reported from Kahului, Wailuku and Lahaina. Summer populations on Oahu were also at low levels when compared to adult and larval infesta tions during this same period in 1977 at Kahuku, Waianae, and Honolulu. N. Miyahira, D. Sugawa, and L. Nakahara. Agriolimax laevis (Muller): On April 5, 1978 heavy infestations of the marsh slug occurred in an anthurium planting (1/2 acre) at Puna, Hawaii. Feeding damage on the blossoms (possibly caused by the slug) was also as sociated with the infestation. Identification was made by R. Munkittrick, USDA, APHIS, PP&Q, San Francisco. This is a new island record. A. laevis also occurs on Oahu (1957). S. Matayoshi. Bucculatrix thurberiella Busck: Several adults of the cotton leafperforator were recently reared fom Hawaiian cotton collected at Lahaina, Maui on March 13, 1978 by N. Miyahira and L. Nakahara. Specimens were iden tified by S. Higa. This is a new island record. This species is also recorded from Oahu (1971) and Kauai (1976). L. Nakahara. Diocalandra taitensis Guerin-Meneville: Although never previously reported from Kauai, the Tahitian coconut weevil has apparently been well established on that island for many years. Plant Quarantine records show that D. taitensis has been recovered from coconut fruits from Kauai over a dozen times since 1974. Earliest collection was made by C. Chritiansen at Lihue on August 14,1974 and was identified by R. Kunishi. This is a new island record. D. Sugawa. Empoasca stevensiYo\m%\ During August the Stevens leafhopper caused moderate damage to young leaves of four to six-foot high papaya (10 acres) at Moloaa, Kauai. Young leaves were noticeably chlorotic and feed ing marks were visable on petioles. All stages of the leafhopper were com monly present near growing tip of plants. Earliest collection of E stevensi on Kauai was made by D. Ikehara on March 9,1978 from papaya leaves at Moloaa. This is a new island record. Identifications of male genitalia were made by L. Nakahara. E stevensi also occurs on Oahu (1969). F. Haramoto, D. Ikehara, and D. Sugawa. Pandesma anysa Guenee: Larvae of this noctuid moth were collected from opiuma tree at Hanapepe, Kauai on May 24, 1978 by D. Sugawa and L. Nakahara. In addition, a single adult was collected from a fruit fly trap at Keomuku, Lanai on October 12, 1977 by P. Conant. Identifications were 332 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society

made by S. Higa. Both are new island records for this recent immigrant that was first discovered on Oahu in late 1975. D. Sugawa and L. Nakahara. Paratriphleps laevisculus Champion: This recent immigrant anthocorid bug was collected from alfalfa at Hoolehua, Molokai on April 25,1978 for a new island record. Identifications were made by S. Higa. It also occurs on Oahu where it was first discovered in the State in 1974. L. Nakahara. Prospalta dolorosa (Walker): A single adult of this noctuid was collected at large by D. Sugawa on March 10, 1978 at Lihue, Kauai. Identification was made by S. Higa. This is a new island record for this recent immigrant found also on Oahu (1975). D. Sugawa. NEW HOST RECORDS Aphis citricola Van der Goot: Moderate infestations of the spirea aphid were observed on at Honolulu International Airport, Oahu during a detection survey on March 9, 1978 by H. Tenny and L. Nakahara. Identification was made by M. B. Stoetzel, Systematic Entom- logy Laboratory, USDA, ARS. This is a new Hawaiian host record. H. Tenny, L. Nakahara. Dialeurodes citrifolii (Morgan); Paraleyrodes naranjae Dozier; and Thoracaphis flci (Takahashi): Moderate infestations of all three species, the cloudywinged whitefly, crustywaxed whitefly, and the banyan aphid respectively, were observed on several Ficus benjamina trees (3-4 feet high) at Pawaa, Oahu on June 21, 1978. F. benjamina is apparently a new host record for D. citrifolii and P. naranjae. Collections were made by W. Nagamine and L. Nakahara and were identified by S. Higa. L. Nakahara. Duplaspidiotus claviger (Cockerell): Moderate to heavy infestations of this scale were observed on a pittosporum tobira hedge by B. Taniguchi and L. Nakahara on May 22, 1978 at Diamond Head, Oahu. Identification was made by S. Higa. Moderate damage (dieback) occurred amid the infesta tions. Secondary infestations by the cerambycid beetle, alternans (Wiedmann) was also observed on the dying branches. This is a new Hawaiian host record for D. claviger. G. Taniguchi, L. Nakahara. Halticoptera patellana Dalman: Adults of this leafminer parasite were reared from a sample of sweet corn leaves infested with a leafminer, Pseudonapomyza spicata (Malloch) that was collected from Kahuku, Oahu on June 7, 1978 by L. Nakahara. Identification was made by S. Higa. This is apparently a previously unrecorded host for this parasite. L. Nakahara. Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki: Moderate infestations of workers, soldiers, and alates of the Formosan subterranean termite were observed in bathroom and office structures by P.Y. Lai, N. Miyahira, G. Taniguchi, and S. Kahoohalahala at Kaumalapau Harbor, Lanai on June 7,1978. The termite was first discovered on Lanai in 1931. Apparently two separate eradication programs were later attempted on the island against this pest. In 1975 and 1976 extensive surveys by University of Hawaii and Hawaii Department of Agriculture personnel were conducted on Lanai with nega tive results. The same structures had been examined at that time. Wooden pallets carrying goods from Oahu were also found infested with this ter mite during a recent survey. Ground treatment around infested structures and burning of infested pallets were later conducted by M. Tamishiro and Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 333

J. Yates, University of Hawaii Etomology personnel. Wooden stakes used as indicators of presence or absence of infestations were also established in site. P.Y. Lai. Program: Dr. Wally Mitchell, University of Hawaii, spoke on the IR-4 Pesticide Registration Program. OCTOBER The 874th meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was called to order by President James Ikeda at 2:05 p.m. October 10,1978, in the Con ference Room, Bishop Museum. Members present: Arita, Beardsley, Brennan, Chun, Haramoto, Hardy, Harris, Heu, Higa, Howarth, Ikeda, Joyce, Kumashiro, Kunishi, Montgomery, Papp, Shiroma, Steffan, Su, Sugerman, Tenorio, Vargas, Vaughn, Yoshioka. Visitors: Shroyer, Nagamine, Stevens, Saul. Liaison Committee: Frank Howarth received a letter from George Aryioshi regarding the 2 Hawaiian cave . Dr. Howarth will send a courtesy reply to the Governor and a copy of our response to the Fish and Wildlife Service. Annual Dinner Meeting Committee: The committee reported and the membership approved that the dinner meeting be held on Monday, December 11, at 7:30 p.m. at the Ranch House with a buffet service pro vided. Nominating Committee: Asher Ota, Larry Nakahara and Frank Haramoto, chairman, offered the following slate of candidates for 1979. President Elect Frank Howarth Bernard Sugerman Secretary M. Lee Goff Lawrence Pinter Treasurer Barry Brennan Kiichi Ohinata Advisor Fred Bianchi D. Elmo Hardy There were no nominations from the floor and the slate was unanimously accepted. Ballots will be sent to members and must be returned by Decem ber 8. Notes and Exhibitions Aleurodicus dispersus Russell: Infestations of the whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus Russell, were recently discovered by K. Teramoto on false kamani {Terminalia catappa) in the Kukui area of Honolulu, Oahu on Sep tember 26, 1978 following a routine pest call. Tentative identificaton was made by J. W. Beardsley, University of Hawaii. This is a new state record. H. V. Weems (Florida Department of Agriculture, Entomology Circular No. Ill 1971) states that his whitefly is a possible vector of the lethal yellowing disease of coconut palms in Florida. He lists 38 genera of plants belonging to 27 families as recorded hosts. This species is distributed along Southern Florida, portions of Central and South America, , and the Canary Islands. On Oahu, preliminary surveys by Hawaii Depart ment of Agriculture and University of Hawaii personnel (K. Teramoto, K. 334 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society

Murai, C. Otsuka, A. Martinez, R. Mau, and L. Nakahara) showed infesta tions in the Pawaa, Nuuanu, Palama, Kukui, Iwilei, Waikamilo, and Kalihi valley areas of Honolulu. Thus far, infestations with all stages of the whitefly have been observed on the following 34 species of plants: false kamani (Terminalia catappa), true kamani (Calophyllum inophyllum), sea grape (Coccoloba uvifera), Plumeria sp., rose (Rosa sp.), Bauhinia sp., Suriman cherry (Eugenia uniflord), Citrus sp., guava (Psidium guagava), strawberry guava (Psidium cattleianum), coconut (Cocosnucifera), banana (Musa sp.), Macadamiasp, Begonia sp., English ivy (Hedera helix), buttercup tree (Cochlospermum vitifolium), Macarthur palm (Ptychosperma macarthurii), bird-of-paradise (Strelitzia reginae), breadfruit (Artocarpus communis), Koa-haole bean pods (Leucaena glauca), Spathiphyllyum sp., chili pepper (Capsicum anuum), Impatiens sp., avocado (Persea americana), mountain apple (Eugenia malaccensis), ti (Cordyline terminate). Hibiscus sp., pink tecoma (Tabebuia pentaphylla), panax (Polyscias sp.), hemigraphis (Hemigraphis colorata), day cestrum (Cestrum diurnum), Christmas-berry tree (Schinus terebinthifolius), ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata), and Samoan wax ginger. Infestations are especially abundant on false and true kamani, sea grape, and plumeria. In addition, the egg stage only has been observed on an other 40 species of plants. Most noticeable damages, thus far, have been due to the sooty fungus that is associated with the abundant honeydew produced by infestations. Preliminary surveys show no incidence of the presence of lethal yellowing disease of palms in the infested areas. L. Nakahara. Aleurotulus sp.: Specimens of an anthurium whitefly, Aleurotulus sp., were first collected by M. Rabago on anthurium at Aiea, Oahu on August 30, 1978. Infested material was sent via the Plant Disease Clinic, Univer sity of Hawaii to Dr. J. W. Beardsley who sent the material out for deter mination. Identification was made by S. Nakahara, USDA, APHIS, PP&Q, who stated that there was no record of this species in the United States and that the specimens resembled material collected from anthurium from Co lumbia, South America. Thus far, surveys reveal infestations only on an thurium with isolated infestations at Aiea Heights and Keeaumoku (Honolulu). In Manoa infestations are more widespread with a minimum of 0.19 square miles (120 acres) affected in this residential community on nursery as well as backyard plantings of anthurium. All stages are normally found on the inner sides of leaf sheaths covering the petioles and are asso ciated with white, waxy secretions. L. Nakahara. Program: Dr. Ernest Harris, Hawaii Fruit Fly Laboratory, USDA, ARS, spoke on possible fruit fly eradication in Hawaii and current status of the med fly containment in Central America. NOVEMBER The 875th meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was called to order by President James Ikeda at 2:05 p.m., November 13, 1978, in the Conference Room, Bishop Museum. Members present: Beardsley, Bianichi, Brennan, Hardy, Higa, Howarth, Ikeda, Joyce, Komatsu, Nagamine, Nakahara, Shiroma, Stein, Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 335

Sugerman, Tenorio, Tsuda, Uchida. Visitor: Dan Shroyer Membership Committee: Deborah Manning and Donald Shroyer were unanimously approved for membership. Common Names Committee: Stan Higa passed out a list of 27 proposed new common names. Members were asked to examine their lists and submit comments to Stan by the January meeting. Logo Committee: Bernard Sugerman reported on the Logo and passed around an example of the new letterhead. Dinner Meeting Committee: Ray Joyce announced that the deadline for reservations had been set at December 8th. Volunteers were called for to contributeJeis and door prizes for the banquet. Unfinished Business: Dick Tsuda indicated that the Finance and Executive Committee will have to meet to take up the problem of the Editorship. Presentation of Papers: James Ikeda submitted a manuscript entitled "Parasites as a Cause of High Incidence of Nonviable Fly Puparia at Ani mal Farms" by Gary Toyama and James Ikeda. Notes and Exhibitions Sceliphron madraspatanum (Fabricius): Dr. Beardsley exhibited a female specimen of a sphecid wasp which he has tentatively identified as Sceliphron madraspatanum (Fabricius). The specimen was collected just off Kunia Road at the entrance to the H.S.P.A. Kunia Substation, Waipahu, on November 6, 1978. When collected it was engaged in building a mud cell in the inside of an open concrete irrigation well. This is a new state record. 5. madraspatanum is widely distributed in the old world tropics, ranging from and southern Europe through southeast Asia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Palau. Eight geographical segregates (subspecies) are recognized (Bohart and Menke, 1976, Sphecid Wasps of the World, p. 106). It is easily distinguished from SL caementarium (Drury), the only other Sceliphron known from Hawaii, by the color pattern; in madraspatanum the abdominal petiole is yellow and the first gaster tergite entirely black while in caementarium, the petiole is black and the first gaster tergite is usually at least partly yellow. There are other differences (see key to Micronesian sphecidae in Krombein, 1949, the aculeate Hymenoptera of Micronesia I. Scoludae, Mutillidae, Pompilidae and Sphecidae. Proc. Hawaii Entomol. Soc. 13:367-410). J. W. Beardsley Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Quaintance): Dr. Beardsley reported that he collected specimens of the orange spiny whitefly, Aleurocanthus spiniferus, on ornamental citrus trees at the Hotel Molokai, near Kaunakakai, Mo- lokai, on September 29, 1978. This is a new island record. J. W. Beardsley. Carpophilus oculatus Murray: Dr. Beardsley exhibited specimens of a nitidulid beetle, Carpophilus oculatusMurmy, taken in light traps located in the Hickam Air Force Base, Honolulu International Airport area, during the past two years. This species was reported from Hawaii once previously, when specimens were intercepted in quarantine in Honolulu from uniden tified seeds collected on Oahu (Shiroma, 1966, Proc. Haw. Entomol. Soc. 336 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society

19 (2): 126). There are no other published records of the species in Hawaii, and no specimens were found in local collections. The recently collected specimens confirm the establishment of C. oculatus on Oahu. The tenta tive identification was made by Dr. Beardsley and confirmed by Dr. W. A. Connell, a Cooperating Scientist for the USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory. C. oculatus was described originally from specimens from Bora Bora in the Society Islands, and occurs also in the Mariana, Caroline, and . For a description of this species see Gillogly, 1962, Insects of Micronesia 16(4);157-158. J. W. Beardsley. Vespula pensylvanica (Saussure): A single worker of the western yellowjacket, Vespula pensylvanica (Saussure) was collected in my home in Pacific Palisades (approximately elevation 12000 on November 7, 1978. Previous single collections of this species on Oahu were recorded in other areas. The last recorded collection on Oahu was in 1977 by Dr. Frank Howarth at the Aiea Trail. This is the first recorded collection of this spe cies in the Pacific Palisades area on Oahu. J.K. Ikeda. Crenidorsum n. sp.: Another whitefly, new to the state, was recently collected from the underside of anthurium foliage by L. Nakahara on Sep tember 5, 1978 in the Manoa and Keeaumoku areas of Honolulu, Oahu. This species has been identified as an undescribed species of Crenidorsum, by S. Nakahara, USDA, APHIS, PP&Q, Beltsville, Maryland. This genus is also new to Hawaii. In correspondence, S. Nakahara states that there are 12 described species of Crendorsum, 10 recorded from Coccoloba and two from Malpighia and Stigmaphyllon. This new species is recorded from Flor ida on Araceae hosts such as anthurium, philodendron, and Monstera. Ma terial has also been collected from some countries in Central and South America and a few islands in the Caribbean on anthurium and philo dendron. L. Nakahara. Vaginulus plebeius Fischer: This slug (Mollusca, Gastropoda; Veronicellidae) was first reported from Hawaii at the November 1978 meeting of the Society as a Veronicella sp. Specimens were first collected by J. Fujii on string beans at Capt. Cook (Kona) Hawaii on September 28, 1978. Identification was made by R. Munkittrick, USDA, APHIS, PP&Q, San Francisco. This is a new state record. The brown species is different from the related black slug, Veronicella leydigi, which has been established in Hawaii since 1900. Damage has been observed on string bean pods. Sur veys by Hawaii Department of Agriculture personnel show infestations to be well established in at least two locations one mile apart in Kona and Hilo, Hawaii. Slugs were found in decaying vegetation at Hilo. (Matayoshi, Shishido, Yoshioka). Jack Fujii contributed some additional information concerning this slug in a separate note. The specimens were brought in to him for identification by Mr. Bill Hammond of Kealakekua, Hawaii. The slug appears to be a serious agricultural pest of vegetable crops. Mr. Hammond indicated that he has observed this slug in the Captain Cook area for at least a year. Recently it was identified as VaginulusplebeiusFischer by Y. Kondo and C. Christensen of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum. This species occurs in Samoa, New Hebrides, and New Caledonia. Its description can be found in Fieldiana, Vol 51(12), "Veronicellid Land Slugs of the New Hebrides, Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 337

etc." by L. Forcart. (Combined note by Nakahara, Fujii and Higa). Perkinsiella saccharicida Kirkaldy: In a note (Proc. Haw. Entomol. Soc. Vol 23 (2): 186) F. A. Bianchi states that Perkinsiella saccharicida entered Peru in untreated sugarcane cuttings taken surreptitiously from Hawaii in 1959. While he still has reasons to believe the statement is prob ably true, it has been pointed out to him that several other surreptitious importations of sugarcane cuttings to Peru are known to have been per petrated during the late 1940's and early 1950's and that any of the impor tations may have been the vector of the leafhopper. It is also possible, although less likely, that P. saccharicida entered some other South Amer ican country in the same, or another, manner during the same period of time, and that it spread to Peru from that country. However, the species was first observed by other entomologists in the sugarcane fields of Peru during the early 1960's and was determined by Bianchi in 1967 from mate rial sent to him from a locality labled Chiclayo, in Peru. F. A. Bianchi. NEW ISLAND RECORDS Aleurotulus sp.: Samples of this anthurium whitefly, a recent immigrant pest, were collected in November 9, 1978, by D. Ikehara from Anthurium at Lihue, Kauai. This is a new island record. So far, it is known to occur only on Kauai and Oahu. Identification was made by S. Higa. Vespula pensylvanica (Saussure): Several adult specimens of the western yellowjacket were recently collected on reach land (2,500' elevation) at Kaloko, (N. Kona), Hawaii by C. Medeiros during October 1978. Iden tification was made by S. Higa, Hawaii Department of Agriculture. This is a new island record. V. pensylvanica also occurs on Kauai (1919) and Oahu (1936) and Maui (1978). S. Matayoshi. Vespula vulgaris (L.): A single nest of this yellowjacket wasp was dis covered above Polipoli Springs (6,000' elevation), Kula Forest Reserve, Maui, on September 19, 1978. Approximately half of the nest containing 1,100 adults was examined. The male to female ratio was 4 to 1. One queen was also recovered. N. Miyahira. Program: Dr. Ray Joyce gave an excellent slide show of his recent trip to the Galapagos Islands illustrating many of the interesting forms of ani mal life to be found there. DECEMBER The annual dinner meeting constituting the 876th meeting of the Hawaii Entomological Society, was held at the Ranch House, 5156 Kala- nianaole Highway, on December 11, 1978 at 6:45 p.m. Dr. Ray Joyce served as Master of Ceremonies for the occasion which featured a ma- himahi and turkey buffet. Members present: Arita, Beardsley, Bess, Bianchi, B. Brennan, F. Chang, V. Chang. Chun, Evenhuis, Goff, Haramoto, Hardy, Harris, Heu, Higa, Howarth, Ikeda, Joyce, Lauret, Look, Madinger, Megens, Mitchell, Montgomery, Nagamine, G. Nishida, T. Nishida, Radovsky, Rice, Riotte, Sakimura, Sherman, Shiroma, Stein, Tenorio, Tsuda, Vargas and Yoshioka. A total of 63 persons attended the dinner meeting, which included the 38 members mentioned above, and 25 wives and other guests. The regular 338 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society order of business was suspended. Members and guests informally introduced themselves. Frank Haramoto, for the Nominating Committee, announced the of ficers for 1979 as follow: President Elect: Frank Howarth Secretary Lee Goff Treasurer: Barry Brennan Advisor: D. Elmo Hardy Jimmy Ikeda gave his presidential address entitled: "An Abbreviated History of Bubonic Plague in Hawaii." A showing of slides submitted by members followed. F. J. Radovsky, Ray Joyce, Franklin Chang, Steve Montgomery, and Vincent Chang contributed slides. After the door prizes were distributed, the meeting adjourned at 10:30 p.m. Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 339

NAME CHANGES AND CORRECTIONS NOTED IN 1978

Previous name Changed to *Reason Page Achrysocharella Chrysonotomyia (A.)

agromyzae agromyzae (Crawford) (Crawford) CC 309 Achrysocharella C. (A.) punctiven punctiventris tris (Crawford) (Crawford) cc 309

Paraphrosylus Conchophus acrosticalis acrosticalis (Parent) (Parent) CC 313 Trichogramma T. confusum australicum Viggiani Girault CD 313 Opius sp. O. montanus (Ashmead) D 322

Charips brassicae Alloxysta bras (Ashmead) sicae (Ashmead) CC 322 Sciomyza dorsata Pherbellia dor Zetterstedt sata (Zetterstedt) CC 323

Pherbellia gris- P. parallela escens (Meigen) (Walker) CD 323 Sepedon macro- Sepedomerus macro- pus Walker pus (Walker) CC 323

Sepedon sauteri Sepedon aenescens Hendel Wiedemann CD 323

*CC = correct combination; CD = corrected determination; D = determined

NEW IMMIGRANT RECORDS FOR THE YEAR 1978

The following species were reported in the Hawaiian Islands for the first time during 1978, or earlier, on the dates recorded in the text. Species marked with an asterisk may be considered as doubtfully established as these records are based on single collections (ed.).

Chance Immigrants

Page menephron (Cramer) (Sphingidae) 310 Stenolophus (Egadroma) quinquepustulatus (Wiedemann) (Carabidae) 312 *Ceratosmicra (?) sp. (Chalcididae) 312 Tramea sp. (Libellulidae) 313 *Gonolabis electa Burr (Carcinophoridae) 315 340 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society

Anisolabis maritima (Bonelli) (Carcinophoridae) 315 Elasmus sp. (Elasmidae) 316 Gallobelgicus ?saevis Bergroth (Reduviidae) 316 Chortinaspis subchortina (Laing) (Diaspididae) 319 Gyponana germari Stal (Cicadellidae) 320 Anagyrus n. sp. (Encyrtidae) 323 Kurodaia flammei Price & Beer (Menoponidae) 323 Tropistemus salsamentus Fall (Hydrophilidae) 325 Lyctocoris campestris Fabricius (Anthocoridae) 327 Brephidium exilis (Boisduval) (Lycaenidae) 330 Aleurodicus dispersus Russell (Aleyrodidae) 333 Aleurotulus sp. (Aleyrodidae) 334 *Sceliphron madraspatanum (Fabricius) (Sphecidae) 335 Crenidorsum n. sp. (Aleyrodidae) 336 Vaginulus plebeius Fischer (Veronicellidae), a slug 336

'Species marked with an asterisk are based on a single collection and so may be considered as doubtfully established.

Beneficial Insects Purposely Introduced Sympiesis stigmatipennis Girault (Eulophidae) 314 Campoplex n. sp. (Ichneumonidae) 314 Bracon sp. (Braconidae) 321 *Diglyphus intermedius (Girault) 322 Amblyseius californicus (McGregor) (Phytoseiidae) 330 Phytoseiulus longipes (Evans) (phytoseiidae) 330 Iphiseius degenerens (Berlese) (Phytoseiidae) 331 Stethorus loxotoni Britton (Coccinellidae) 429 Eretmocerus sp. (Eulophidae) 430

* Apparently not reported previously in Hawaii. Purposely introduced in 1975. Also earlier specimens misidentified found in local collections as far back as 1944. Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 341

OFFICERS AND COMMITTEES FOR 1978 Elected Officers

President James Ikeda President-Elect Franklin Chang Secretary JoAnn Tenorio Treasurer Barry Brennan Advisor Toshiyuki Nishida Advisor (Past President) Frank Radovsky

Standing Committees Editorial C. R. Joyce, Editor G. A. Samuelson, Co-editor J. W. Beardsley, E. J. Harris, Asher K. Ota Minoru Tamashiro, JoAnn Tenorio Finance Committee Dick Tsuda, Business Manager Barry Brennan, Treasurer J. W. Beardsley, Editor George Funasaki, Ron Mau Program Committee C. R. Joyce, Chairman Frank Radovsky, E. J. Harris Membership Barry Brennan, Chairman Larry Nakahara, George Kitaguchi Tom Lauret, Frank Howarth Science Fair W. A. Steffan, Chairman Vincent Chang Liaison Frank Howarth, Chairman Ken Kaneshiro, Steve Montgomery Common Names Stan Higa, Chairman Ed Shiroma, Dick Tsuda, Gary Toyama Larry Nakahara, Ron Mau

MEMBERSHIP 1978 Honorary Members S. Au M. Chong K. L. Maehler J. W. Balock C. F. Clagg A. W. Morrill, Jr. H. A. Bess C. J. Davis K. Sakimura F. A. Bianchi C. R. Joyce P. H. Timberlake E. H. Bryan Jr. *C. B. Keck K. Yasumatsu E. McC. Callan N. L. H. Krauss Q. C. Chock w. C. Look •deceased 342 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society

Active Members

W. B. Andrews, Jr. H. Kaya K. Ohinata K. T. Arakaki R. M. Kobayashi F. J. Olson S. F. Araman G. Kitaguchi A. K. Ota L. H. Arita R. E. Koga E. T. Ozaki J. W. Armstrong M. A. Kohn E. L. Pang J. W. Beardsley, Jr. G. H. Komatsu B. D. Perkins, Jr. P. F. Bellinger B. R. Kumashiro L. Pinter B. M. Brennan R. K. Kunishi D. L. Pribble R. Burkhart P. Y. Lai F. J. Radovsky F. Chang T. H. Lauret H. I. Rainwater V. Chang C. Y. L. Lee, Sr. C. P. Ralph L. M. Chilson J. R. Leeper R. C. A. Rice M. R. Y. S. Chun C. S. Lin J. C. E. Riotte M. Conant N. K. Lind M. M. Ross P. Conant H. Makino C. W. Rutschky, III R. T. Cunningham D. L. Manning G. A. Samuelson N. M. Esguerra S. Matayoshi S. C. Sanidad S. Fluker R. F. L. Mau P. W. Schaefer J. K. Fujii F. L. McEwen E. L. Schneider W. K. Fujii E. McMahan W. H. Schnitzler M. S. Fujimoto H. Megens C. Sengbusch G. Y. Funasaki C. W. Mills, III H. G. Sengbusch R. T. Furumizo W. C. Mitchell J. L. Sharp F. M. Gatmaitan S. S. Miyake M. Sherman M. L. Goff N. Miyahira L. K. Shimoda J. L. Gressitt D. H. Miyashita E. Shiroma K. S. Hagen S. L. Montgomery W. E. Sieker M. Hanaoka J. P. Mowry R. D. Spadoni M. M. Hapai W. P. Mull W. A. Steffan A. H. Hara R. Muniappan J. D. Stein F. H. Haramoto K. T. Murai R. D. Stoaks D. E. Hardy T. G. Myles T. H. Su E. J. Harris W. T. Nagamine D. Y. Suda D. S. Henderson P. Y. Nakagawa D. T. Sugawa R. Hew S. Nakagawa B. B. Sugerman S. Higa L. M. Nakahara J. M. Takara A. D. Hinckley S. Nakahara G. H. Takei Y. Hirashima G. Nakamura M. Tamashiro F. G. Howarth H. K. Nakao A. Tanabe J. K. Ikeda R. Namba Y. Tanada R. I. Ito B. Napompeth N. Tanaka L. T. Kaichi I. M. Newell G. Y. Taniguchi J. T. Kajiwara G. M. Nishida V. M. Tanimoto M. W. Y. Kam T. Nishida J. A. Tenorio H. Kamasaki W. R. Nowell K. K. Teramoto K. Y. Kaneshiro E. R. Oatman G. M. Toyama Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 343

D. M. Tsuda W. W. Wirth C. M. Yoshimoto G. K. Uchida T. Wong D. S. Yoshioka R. I. Vargas K. Yano E. R. Yoshioka W. H. Watanabe C. K. Yasuda G. R. Young J. R. Yates, III E. C. Zimmerman 344 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society Vol. XXIII, No. 3, February, 1981 463

Chester B. Keck A Biographical Sketch

Chester B. Keck, a long time member of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, died at his home in Topeka, Kansas, on February 24, 1979 at the age of 83. He is survived by his wife Marie. Chester was elected to active membership in the Society on November 6,1930 and maintained this relationship until his death, a period spanning almost 50 years. During the year 1936 he served as president of the Society and also in later years was elected to the executive and other committees for varying periods of time. In July of 1967 he was honored by the Society by being elected to the status of "Honorary membership". In addition to submitting some scientific papers over the years, he added much to Society meetings by contributing more than 35 interesting notes and exhibitions between the years 1930 to 1960, after which he retired and returned to his native Kansas in the Topeka area. He is probably best known for his involvement and leadership in military entomology in Hawaii and the Pacific. Those who remember him well know that his fa vorite topics were the fruit flies, beekeeping, and termite control. His greatest impact was made in these areas. Mr. Keck was a native of Kansas and received his masters degree in Entomology in 1928 from Kansas State University. In 1929 he went to Or lando, Florida with the Bureau of Entomology of the U. S. Department of Entomology, working on the Mediterranean fruit fly eradication program. He was one of five scientists sent to Hawaii in 1930 to research the Med fly problem in Hawaii. During the period 1931 to 1941 he contributed, with others, papers on the Med fruit fly and the melon fly. His particular con cern was with life history studies under various ecological and controlled conditions. He kept up his Reserve commission as an Entomologist in the Army Sanitary Corp and was called to active duty in 1942, shortly after Pearl Har bor. He was instrumental in setting up a coordinated program for insect and rodent control for the military in Hawaii. The program utilized the ser vices of up to a 100 to 150 man control unit covering all Army and Navy installations in the Hawaiian Islands. The primary mission was the control of medical and household insects, principal areas of concern being bedbug, mosquito, fly, cockroach, and rodent control. At the end of World War II Chester Keck left the Army and accepted a similar position with the Navy, serving under Civil Service as Entomologist for the Fourteenth Naval Dis trict Public Works at Pearl Harbor until his retirement in the early 60's. Beekeeping seemed to be Chester's favorite hobby and he kept from 2 to 12 colonies most of the time at his home. His presidential address entitled "Some Observations on Beekeeping in Hawaii" (Proc. Hawaiian Entomol. Soc. IX(3):461-467, Sept. 1937) indicates this expertise. He visited the commercial apiaries in Hawaii and gave many suggestions to beekeepers, outlined conditions favorable and unfavorable for beekeeping in Hawaii, and suggested management practices aiding honey production. He outlined the principal honey plants and their seasons in Hawaii. He 464 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society

continually emphasized the need for an adequate inspection service and research on bee brood diseases. In 1939 he was appointed a Lecturer in Entomology at the University of Hawaii to give a course in Apiculture. At one entomology Society meeting he exhibited a container of bee pollen and indicated that it can be produced almost the year around and can be readily trapped by means of a pollen trap. He suggested that beekeepers might consider selling pollen to the mainland beekeepers to tide their colonies over the winter. In addition he proposed the idea of substituting bee pollen in poultry feeds as a source of protein for young chicks. Termite control became his major concern in the years of duty with the Navy Public Works in Hawaii. His classic paper, "The Elimination of Sub terranean Termite Damage by Structural Methods", (Proc. Hawaiian Entomol. Soc. XV(1):187-194, March 1953) is advice that is as valuable today as then. He continually emphasized the three important steps: 1. No wood in or in contact with the soil, 2. Several inches of concrete between soil or concrete floor at foundation level and wood of structure above, and 3. Periodic inspection for shelter tubes and treatment with a suitable insec ticide dust, if tubes are found. At many of our monthly entomology meetings Chester was sure to have some interesting exhibit of termite life, damage, or control procedures. The aging, hurriedly built, wooden structures which mushroomed in Hawaii to house military activities during World War II provided an excel lent laboratory in later years for developing control techniques. This brief resume of Chester B. Keek's life gives some insight on his impact on Entomology in Hawaii. Acknowledgement is given to Ralph Marlowe, a chemist with the same research group that came to Hawaii in 1930 on the Med fly research project, who was able to fill in some of the gaps in Chester's life. This Society wishes to honor and remember Chester B. Keck, a Honor ary Member, who is another addition to the long line of distinguished Entomologists who have contributed their bit to the ongoing history and progress of our discipline in Hawaii. C. Ray Joyce