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EDITED INDONESIA CHED-LTER Project 2 Study 1 Alma Mohagan Et

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EDITED INDONESIA CHED-LTER Project 2 Study 1 Alma Mohagan Et A. B. Mohagan, J.A. Escarlos Jr. A.G. Gracia Jr.,and V.B. Amoroso Photo credits: googleimages.com This research project aims to monitor and conserve the vertebrate diversity in Mindanao LTER sites. Specifically it aims: 1. To monitor composition, richness and distribution of vertebrates species; 2. To assess conservation status, richness and distribution of vertebrate species; STUDY SITES Mt. Musuan: Musuan, Maramag, Bukidnon STUDY SITES Mt. Hamiguitan: Tumalite, San Isidro, Davao Oriental WORLD HERITAGE SITE STUDY SITES Mt. Apo: EDC, Ilomavis, Kidapawan, North Cotabato METHODOLOGY Selection of the Study Sites Plot Establishments and Assessment of Habitat SamplIng Methods Amphibians Reptiles Aves Mammals Opportunistic samplIng Mist-nettIng Preservation of voucher specimens and marked/released method Visual Encounter Trenching Transect/Ocular survey Live-trapping Photo-Documentation, Morphometrics and Identification Data Analysis and Biodiversity indices Percentage Distribution of Faunal Species observed in three LTER sites Amphibians Mammals 14% 14% Reptiles 10% Birds 62% Total Species (125) Species Composition of Vertebrate Fauna Across LTER sites 137 140 125 120 104 94 100 80 59 57 60 40 18 20 20 0 Order Family Genus Species Y1 Y2 Species Richness of Vertebrate Fauna Y1 Y2 76 77 23 23 17 18 15 13 Mammals Birds Reptiles Anurans Total Number of Endemic Species Observed 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Mammals Birds Reptiles Anurans Endemic 10 37 6 7 PhilippineMindanaoMindanaoMindanao PhilippineEndemicPhilippineMindanaoPhilippine Endemic Fruit Endemic Endemic Endemic EndemicEndemicEndemic and Toad Rodents InsectivorousSnakesLizards FrogsBirdsBirds and Frog Bat Family : SCINCINIDAE Family : SCINCINIDAE S.N Family : Tropidophorus: TIMALIIDAE partelloi S.N Family : Eutropis: STURNIDAE englei Family : STRIGIDAE Family : TROGONIDAE FamilyC.N S.NFamily : CERATOBATRACHIDAEPartello'sERINACEIDAE: MacronousBUFONIDAECALAMARIDAE Waterside striaticeps SkINk FamilyFamilyC.N Family Family S.N: TUPAIIDAE : RHACOPHORIDAE : :Six MEGOPHRYIDAE: :VIPERIDAE Basilornis-striped Mabouya miranda S.NFamily : :Otus PTERIPODIDAE megalotis FamilyS.N : RHINOLOPIDAE: Harpactes ardens S.N C.NS.N : PlatymantisPodogymnura: BrownAnsoniaCalamaria-tit muelleri corrugatusbabbler gervaisi truei S.NS.N S.NS.NC.N : Urogale : Philautus: Megophrys: :Parias Apo everetti Myna acutirostris flavomaculatus stejnegeri C.NS.N : :Philippine Harpyionycteris Scops whiteheadi Owl S.NC.N C.N : Rhinolophus: Philippine: Southeast subrufus AsianTrogon Horned Frog C.N C.N : RoughMindanao: Mueller‘sGervais-backed GymnureWorm foresttoad frogSnake C.NC.N C.N: Mindanao: PoINted: Philippine-Snouted Tree ShrewPit TreeViper Frog C.N : Harpy fruit-bat C.N : Small Rufous Horseshoe Bat threatened species • 5 Birds (4 endemic; 1 migratory) • 3 Endemic Anurans Threatened Species Mindanao Mindanao Endemic endemic Migratory Mindanao Mindanao endemic endemic Mindanao endemic Family : RHACOPHORIDAE Family : RHACOPHORIDAE Family : BUFONIDAE FamilyS.N : COLUMBIDAE: Philautus poecilusFamily : ARDEIDAEFamily S.N : ALCEDINIDAE: Philautus acustirostris S.N : Ansonia muelleri S.NC.N : Gallicolumba: S.N crINeger : Gorsachius S.N C.N goisagi: Actenoides: PoINted hombroni-Snouted Tree Frog C.N : Mueller‘s toad C.N : Mindanao BleedINgC.N -heart: Japanese C.N Night: Blue-Heron-Caped Wood-KINgfisher Species which shows significantly decline on its population Family : PASSERIDAE Family : PTERIPODIDATE S.N : Hypocryptadious S.N : Ptenichirus jagori cinnamomeous C.N : Greater Musky Fruit-Bat C.N : Cinnamon-Ibon Cluster analysis on the similarity of species composition of vertebrates in three LTER sites Species accumulation curve Diversity of Vertebrate Fauna Across LTER sites 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 INdex 0.4 Diversity Diversity 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 Mt. Apo Mt. Hamiguitan Mt. Musuan H' Index year 1 0.741 0.603 0.338 H' Index year 2 0.639 0.642 0.465 Current V.S Previous Records Accumulative total species observed IN Total records IN Equivalent LTER Site one hectare plot the ecosystem Percentage (2013 and 2015) Mt. Apo 66 378 (Rivera, 2010) 17% Mt. Hamiguitan 58 89 (Ates et al., 2007) 87% Mt. Musuan 55 * * Asterisk (*) = no available data Summary Table of New Records for Mt. Hamiguitan Year Taxon Total 2013 2015 Mammals - - - Birds - 2 2 Reptiles 9 2 11 Anurans 4 1 5 New records in Mt. Hamiguitan Family : RHACOPHORIDAE S.N :Family Philautus : COLUBRIDAE poecilus S.N : Ptyas sp. UndetermINed sp. Family : COLUBRIDAE S.N : Lycodon sp. Host Vector Agent Environment Migrant Bird Species Observed In three Long – Term Ecological Research (LTER) Sites Accipiter virgatus Anthus gustavi Gorsachius goisagi Lanius cristatus Turdus obscurus Phylloscopus Muscicapa Motacilla cinerea borealis griseisticta Widespread / Non-Endemic / Migrant Bat Species Observed In three Long- Term Ecological Research (LTER) Sites Cynopterus Kerivoula Macroglossus Rousettus Meniopterus brachyotis hardwickii minimus amplexicaudatus schreibersi Pipistrellus Pipistrellus tenuis Eonycteris Megaderma Harpiocephalus javanicus spelaea spasma harpia IEC Material Samples Posters presented in different symposia and fora PublicationPublication Produced Produced (Asia (IN Life Press) Sciences) SIGNIFICANT FINDINGS • ConsiderIng that one of the biggest vertebrate group (birds) was undersurveyed, the richness of vertebrates across LTER sites was still high. • The species composition and richness of vertebrates has low similarity percentage from each sites, IndicatINg high percentage of composition’s uniqueness. • The high species richness of reptiles in Mt. Hamiguitan is a result of more suitable temperature and the availability of unpolluted water bodies. • Sudden declIne of H. cInnamomea and P. jagori was associated to its temporal distribution • Endemism was relatively high on mammals (59%) and average in birds (49%) and reptiles (46%). • Absence of the three threatened species that were observed before ; and the new threatened species noted in the current study indicates the need to strengthen protection and conservation efforts. Acknowledgment The authors are thankful to the following: • To the Local Governments of Maramag, Bukidnon; Lantapan; Bukidnon; • San Isidro, Davao Oriental; Kidapawan City, North Cotabato, Don Victoriano, Misamis Occidental • To Energy Development Corporation (EDC) • To the Local Researchers/guides for their great contribution to the study (Gilbert Sarangga, Fely Sarangga, Al-l, Nong Boy, Ricardo, Oriel) • To Felisa Jyl Marfil and Rhymar Limbaga THANK YOU! .
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