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Fruit Bats As Natural Foragers and Potential Pollinators in Fruit Orchard: a Reproductive Phenological Study
Journal of Agricultural Research, Development, Extension and Technology, 25(1), 1-9 (2019) Full Paper Fruit bats as natural foragers and potential pollinators in fruit orchard: a reproductive phenological study Camelle Jane D. Bacordo, Ruffa Mae M. Marfil and John Aries G. Tabora Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, Cotabato, Philippines Received: 27 February 2019 Accepted: 10 June 2019 Abstract Family Pteropodidae could consume either fruit or flower parts to sustain their energy requirement. In some species of fruit bats, population growth is sometimes dependent on the food availability and in return bats could be pollinators of certain species of plants. In this study, 152 female bats captured from the Manilkara zapota orchard of the University of Southern Mindanao were examined for their reproductive stages. Lactation of fruit bat species Ptenochirus jagori and Ptenochirus minor were positively correlated with the fruiting of M. zapota. While the lactation of Cynopterus brachyotis, Eonycteris spelaea and Rousettus amplexicaudatus were positively associated with the flowering of M. zapota. Together, thirty M. zapota trees were observed for their generative stage (fruiting or flowering) in 6 months. Based on the canonical correspondence analysis, only P. jagori was considered as the natural forager as its lactating stage coincides with the fruiting peaks and only C. brachyotis and E. spelaea were the potential pollinators since its lactating stage coincides with the flowering peaks ofM. zapota tree. The method in this study can be used to identify potential pollinators and foragers in other fruit trees. Keywords - agroforest, chiropterophily, frugivore, nocturnal, Sapotaceae Introduction pollination process is called chiropterophily. -
24Th Annual Philippine Biodiversity Symposium
24th Annual Philippine Biodiversity Symposium University of Eastern Philippines Catarman, Northern Samar 14-17 April 2015 “Island Biodiversity Conservation: Successes, Challenges and Future Direction” th The 24 Philippine Biodiversity Symposium organized by the Biodiversity Conservation Society of the Philippines (BCSP), hosted by the University of Eastern Philippines in Catarman, Northern Samar 14-17 April 2015 iii iv In Memoriam: William Langley Richardson Oliver 1947-2014 About the Cover A Tribute to William Oliver he design is simply 29 drawings that represent the endemic flora and fauna of the Philip- illiam Oliver had spent the last 30 years working tirelessly pines, all colorful and adorable, but the characters also all compressed and crowded in a championing threatened species and habitats in the small area or island much like the threat of the shrinking habitats of the endemics in the Philippines and around the world. William launched his islands of the Philippines. This design also attempts to provide awareness and appreciation W wildlife career in 1974 at the Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust. In Tof the diverse fauna and flora found only in the Philippines, which in turn drive people to under- 1977, he undertook a pygmy hog field survey in Assam, India and from stand the importance of conserving these creatures. There are actually 30 creatures when viewing then onwards became a passionate conservationist and defender the design, the 30th being the viewer to show his involvement and responsibility in conservation. of the plight of wild pigs and other often overlooked animals in the Philippines, Asia and across the globe. He helped establish the original International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Pigs and Peccaries Specialist Group in 1980 at the invitation of British conservationist, the late Sir Peter Scott. -
Ecological Assessments in the B+WISER Sites
Ecological Assessments in the B+WISER Sites (Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park, Upper Marikina-Kaliwa Forest Reserve, Bago River Watershed and Forest Reserve, Naujan Lake National Park and Subwatersheds, Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park and Mt. Apo Natural Park) Philippines Biodiversity & Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy & Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) 23 March 2015 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Chemonics International Inc. The Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience Program is funded by the USAID, Contract No. AID-492-C-13-00002 and implemented by Chemonics International in association with: Fauna and Flora International (FFI) Haribon Foundation World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF) The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. Ecological Assessments in the B+WISER Sites Philippines Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) Program Implemented with: Department of Environment and Natural Resources Other National Government Agencies Local Government Units and Agencies Supported by: United States Agency for International Development Contract No.: AID-492-C-13-00002 Managed by: Chemonics International Inc. in partnership with Fauna and Flora International (FFI) Haribon Foundation World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF) 23 March -
Aglaia Loheri Blanco
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research Vol. 4(1), pp. 58-63, 4 January, 2010 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/jmpr DOI: 10.5897/JMPR09.400 ISSN 1996-0875© 2010 Academic Journals ` Full Length Research Paper Antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and phytochemical screening of Ficus septica Burm and Sterculia foetida L. leaf extracts Pierangeli G. Vital1, Rogelio N. Velasco Jr.1, Josemaria M. Demigillo1 and Windell L. Rivera1,2* 1Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines. 2Molecular Protozoology Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines. Accepted 19 November, 2009 Ethanol extracts of leaves of Ficus septica Burm and Sterculia foetida L. were examined for their antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, and cytotoxic properties. To determine these activities, the extracts were tested against bacteria and fungus through disc diffusion assay; against protozoa through growth curve determination, antiprotozoal and cytotoxicity assays. The extracts revealed antibacterial activities, inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Antifungal assay for F. septica extract showed that it inhibited Candida albicans. The antiprotozoal assay against Trichomonas vaginalis showed that F. septica can reduce the number of parasites. Moreover, antiprotozoal assays against Entamoeba histolytica revealed that F. septica and S. foetida can inhibit the growth of the parasites, wherein the action can be comparable to metronidazole. With the in situ cell death detection kit, T. vaginalis exposed to F. septica and E. histolytica exposed to F. septica and S. foetida were observed to fluoresce in red surrounded by a yellow signal signifying apoptotic-like changes. -
Ctz78-02 (02) Lee Et Al.Indd 51 14 08 2009 13:12 52 Lee Et Al
Contributions to Zoology, 78 (2) 51-64 (2009) Variation in the nocturnal foraging distribution of and resource use by endangered Ryukyu flying foxes(Pteropus dasymallus) on Iriomotejima Island, Japan Ya-Fu Lee1, 4, Tokushiro Takaso2, 5, Tzen-Yuh Chiang1, 6, Yen-Min Kuo1, 7, Nozomi Nakanishi2, 8, Hsy-Yu Tzeng3, 9, Keiko Yasuda2 1 Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Biodiversity, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan 2 The Iriomote Project, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 671 Iriomote, Takatomi-cho, Okinawa 907- 1542, Japan 3 Hengchun Research Center, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Pingtung 946, Taiwan 4 E-mail: [email protected] 5 E-mail: [email protected] 6 E-mail: [email protected] 7 E-mail: [email protected] 8 E-mail: [email protected] 9 E-mail: [email protected] Key words: abundance, bats, Chiroptera, diet, figs, frugivores, habitat Abstract Contents The nocturnal distribution and resource use by Ryukyu flying foxes Introduction ........................................................................................ 51 was studied along 28 transects, covering five types of habitats, on Material and methods ........................................................................ 53 Iriomote Island, Japan, from early June to late September, 2005. Study sites ..................................................................................... 53 Bats were mostly encountered solitarily (66.8%) or in pairs (16.8%), Bat and habitat census ................................................................ -
DNA Barcoding Confirms Polyphagy in a Generalist Moth, Homona Mermerodes (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Molecular Ecology Notes (2007) 7, 549–557 doi: 10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01786.x BARCODINGBlackwell Publishing Ltd DNA barcoding confirms polyphagy in a generalist moth, Homona mermerodes (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) JIRI HULCR,* SCOTT E. MILLER,† GREGORY P. SETLIFF,‡ KAROLYN DARROW,† NATHANIEL D. MUELLER,§ PAUL D. N. HEBERT¶ and GEORGE D. WEIBLEN** *Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 243 Natural Sciences Building, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, †National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA, ‡Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Avenue, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108–1095 USA, §Saint Olaf College, 1500 Saint Olaf Avenue, Northfield, MN 55057, USA,¶Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G2W1, **Bell Museum of Natural History and Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, 220 Biological Sciences Center, 1445 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108–1095, USA Abstract Recent DNA barcoding of generalist insect herbivores has revealed complexes of cryptic species within named species. We evaluated the species concept for a common generalist moth occurring in New Guinea and Australia, Homona mermerodes, in light of host plant records and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I haplotype diversity. Genetic divergence among H. mermerodes moths feeding on different host tree species was much lower than among several Homona species. Genetic divergence between haplotypes from New Guinea and Australia was also less than interspecific divergence. Whereas molecular species identification methods may reveal cryptic species in some generalist herbivores, these same methods may confirm polyphagy when identical haplotypes are reared from multiple host plant families. A lectotype for the species is designated, and a summarized bibliography and illustrations including male genitalia are provided for the first time. -
Index of Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol. 9. Bats
Index of Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol. 9. Bats A agnella, Kerivoula 901 Anchieta’s Bat 814 aquilus, Glischropus 763 Aba Leaf-nosed Bat 247 aladdin, Pipistrellus pipistrellus 771 Anchieta’s Broad-faced Fruit Bat 94 aquilus, Platyrrhinus 567 Aba Roundleaf Bat 247 alascensis, Myotis lucifugus 927 Anchieta’s Pipistrelle 814 Arabian Barbastelle 861 abae, Hipposideros 247 alaschanicus, Hypsugo 810 anchietae, Plerotes 94 Arabian Horseshoe Bat 296 abae, Rhinolophus fumigatus 290 Alashanian Pipistrelle 810 ancricola, Myotis 957 Arabian Mouse-tailed Bat 164, 170, 176 abbotti, Myotis hasseltii 970 alba, Ectophylla 466, 480, 569 Andaman Horseshoe Bat 314 Arabian Pipistrelle 810 abditum, Megaderma spasma 191 albatus, Myopterus daubentonii 663 Andaman Intermediate Horseshoe Arabian Trident Bat 229 Abo Bat 725, 832 Alberico’s Broad-nosed Bat 565 Bat 321 Arabian Trident Leaf-nosed Bat 229 Abo Butterfly Bat 725, 832 albericoi, Platyrrhinus 565 andamanensis, Rhinolophus 321 arabica, Asellia 229 abramus, Pipistrellus 777 albescens, Myotis 940 Andean Fruit Bat 547 arabicus, Hypsugo 810 abrasus, Cynomops 604, 640 albicollis, Megaerops 64 Andersen’s Bare-backed Fruit Bat 109 arabicus, Rousettus aegyptiacus 87 Abruzzi’s Wrinkle-lipped Bat 645 albipinnis, Taphozous longimanus 353 Andersen’s Flying Fox 158 arabium, Rhinopoma cystops 176 Abyssinian Horseshoe Bat 290 albiventer, Nyctimene 36, 118 Andersen’s Fruit-eating Bat 578 Arafura Large-footed Bat 969 Acerodon albiventris, Noctilio 405, 411 Andersen’s Leaf-nosed Bat 254 Arata Yellow-shouldered Bat 543 Sulawesi 134 albofuscus, Scotoecus 762 Andersen’s Little Fruit-eating Bat 578 Arata-Thomas Yellow-shouldered Talaud 134 alboguttata, Glauconycteris 833 Andersen’s Naked-backed Fruit Bat 109 Bat 543 Acerodon 134 albus, Diclidurus 339, 367 Andersen’s Roundleaf Bat 254 aratathomasi, Sturnira 543 Acerodon mackloti (see A. -
Biodiversity Assessment Study for New
Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report Project Number: 50159-001 July 2019 Technical Assistance Number: 9461 Regional: Protecting and Investing in Natural Capital in Asia and the Pacific (Cofinanced by the Climate Change Fund and the Global Environment Facility) Prepared by: Lorenzo V. Cordova, Jr. M.A., Prof. Pastor L. Malabrigo, Jr. Prof. Cristino L. Tiburan, Jr., Prof. Anna Pauline O. de Guia, Bonifacio V. Labatos, Jr., Prof. Juancho B. Balatibat, Prof. Arthur Glenn A. Umali, Khryss V. Pantua, Gerald T. Eduarte, Adriane B. Tobias, Joresa Marie J. Evasco, and Angelica N. Divina. PRO-SEEDS DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION, INC. Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines Asian Development Bank is the executing and implementing agency. This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design. Biodiversity Assessment Study for New Clark City New scientific information on the flora, fauna, and ecosystems in New Clark City Full Biodiversity Assessment Study for New Clark City Project Pro-Seeds Development Association, Inc. Final Report Biodiversity Assessment Study for New Clark City Project Contract No.: 149285-S53389 Final Report July 2019 Prepared for: ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City 1550, Metro Manila, Philippines T +63 2 632 4444 Prepared by: PRO-SEEDS DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION, INC C2A Sandrose Place, Ruby St., Umali Subdivision Brgy. Batong Malake, Los Banos, Laguna T (049) 525-1609 © Pro-Seeds Development Association, Inc. 2019 The information contained in this document produced by Pro-Seeds Development Association, Inc. -
Mt. Calavite Wildlife Sanctuary Rapid Site Assessment
This publication has been made possible with funding support from Malampaya Joint Ventures Partners, Foundation for the Philippine Environment, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Provincial Government of Oriental Mindoro and Provincial Government of Occidental Mindoro Copyright: © Mindoro Biodiversity Conservation Foundation Inc. All rights reserved: Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes, in any form or by any means, is prohibited without the express written permission from the publisher. Recommended Citation: Mindoro Biodiversity Conservation Foundation Inc. (2014). Mt. Calavite Wildlife Sanctuary Resource and Socio-Economic Assessment (RSEA) Final Report. Muntilupa City. Mindoro Biodiversity Conservation Foundation Inc. ISBN 978-621-8010-01-7 Published by: Mindoro Biodiversity Conservation Foundation Inc. Manila Office 22F Asian Star Building, ASEAN Drive Filinvest Corporate City, Alabang, Muntilupa City, 1780 Philippines Telephone: +63 2 8502188 Fax: +63 2 8099447 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.mbcfi.org.ph Provincial Office Gozar Street, Barangay Camilmil, Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro, 5200 Philippines Telephone/Fax: +63 43 2882326 Final Report Mount Calavite Wildlife Sanctuary Resource and Socio-Economic Assessment MCWS-RSEA Team: Grace C. Diamante Executive Director/Project Director MBCFI Lisa J. Paguntalan Team Leader Philippines Biodiversity Conservation Foundation, Inc. (PBCFI) www.pbcfi.org.ph Survey Team: Philip Godfrey Jakosalem Wildlife Biologist Don Geoff E. Tabaranza -
Foraging Dispersion of Ryukyu Flying-Foxes and Relationships with Fig Abundance in East-Asian Subtropical Island Forests
Lee et al. BMC Ecol (2017) 17:35 DOI 10.1186/s12898-017-0146-8 BMC Ecology RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Foraging dispersion of Ryukyu fying‑foxes and relationships with fg abundance in East‑Asian subtropical island forests Ya‑Fu Lee1*† , Yen‑Min Kuo1†, Hsin‑Yi Chang1, Chi‑Feng Tsai1 and Shigeyuki Baba2,3 Abstract Background: Figs are widely distributed key resources to many tropical-subtropical animals, and fying-foxes are major consumers and seed dispersers of fgs. Bat-fg interrelationships, however, may vary among species difering in fruiting traits, i.e., bat- versus bird-dispersed fgs. We examined Ryukyu fying-fox foraging dispersion and the relation‑ ships with tree species composition and fg abundance in forests of Iriomote Island. Results: Bat foraging dispersion showed no spatial patterns with respect to diferent areas of the island, and was not explained by heterogeneity, density, or basal area (BA) of total trees, nor by relative density or BA of fruiting trees or total fruiting fgs among sites. Instead, bat densities were positively dependent on the relative density of total fgs, and particularly the relative BA of bat-dispersed fgs Ficus septica and F. variegata. Both species were dominant fgs in forests, fruiting asynchronously with long crop seasons, and were used as predominant foods. Bats foraged mostly solitarily and the mean density was in a hump-shaped relationship with crop sizes of the dominant bat-fgs. These two species and Ficus benguetensis are larger-sized bat-fgs, all contained more seeds, higher dry-pulp mass and water mass, but not necessarily water content. -
International Conservation
NTERNATIONAL CONSERVATION NEWSLETTER I Vol. 14 No. 3 ......... Sept. 2006 Published by Society for Wildlife and Nature Shipping documents showed that the illegal Largest-ever Ivory Haul Seized consignment originated from Tanzania and was in Taiwan held in transit at Penang in Malaysia before reaching Kaohsiung. The ivory, which was Customs officers in Kaohsiung, south hidden in wooden boxes inside the container, Taiwan, recently confiscated more than five was destined for Manila in the Philippines. metric tons of ivory over three days, marking the largest-ever smuggled ivory haul in the This seizure took place just two days after island’s wildlife crime enforcement history. A Kaohsiung customs officers found over two total of 1,228 pieces of ivory, including whole metric tons of ivory, also from Tanzania, in a tusks, were discovered in cargo containers shipment to Manila via Singapore. Both being transported from Tanzania in east Africa shipments were sent by the same exporter, but to the Philippines. Kaohsiung Customs Bureau were for two different importers in the officials and investigators will work with Philippines. international conservation groups to track the The re-routing of the cargo via Taiwan source of the contraband in the hope of made officials suspicious that the containers preventing similar ivory smuggling operations were being used to smuggle goods into Taiwan, in the future. so they opened the 18 wooden boxes inside In the more recent discovery, on July 6, marked as containing sisal fiber and found a 2006, customs inspectors uncovered 744 pieces huge cache of elephant tusks instead. of ivory, weighing 3,060 kilograms, after The brown-colored tusks were opening up a container that had remained in bloodstained, indicating that they had not been Kaohsiung Harbor unattended for three weeks. -
Biodiversity Baseline Assessment in the REDD-Plus Pilot and Key Biodiversity Area in Mt
Biodiversity baseline assessment in the REDD-Plus pilot and key biodiversity area in Mt. Nacolod, Southern Leyte Final technical report in collaboration with Imprint This publication is by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH through the Climate-relevant Modernization of the National Forest Policy and Piloting of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) Measures Project in the Philippines, funded by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU) under its International Climate Initiative. The BMU supports this Initiative based on a decision of the German Parliament. For more information, see http://www.international-climate-initiative.com. As a federally owned enterprise, GIZ supports the German Government in achieving its objectives in the field of international cooperation for sustainable development. This study was undertaken by Fauna & Flora International commissioned by GIZ, with co-financing by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)- Global Environmental Facility (GEF)-DENR Biodiversity Management Bureau (BMB) New Conservation Areas in the Philippines Project (NewCAPP) and the Foundation for the Philippine Environment (FPE). Statements from named contributors do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher. Data and information generated from the study are within the possession of the Philippine Government through the DENR as mandated by law. Published by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Registered offices Bonn and Eschborn, Germany T +49 228 44 60-0 (Bonn) T +49 61 96 79-0 (Eschborn) Responsible For. Ricardo L. Calderon Director Department of Environment and Natural Resources-Forest Management Bureau Forest Management Bureau Building Visayas Avenue, Quezon City 1101 Philippines T: 63 2 928 9313 / 927 4788 F: 63 2 920 0374 Dr.