Taxonomic References

The following is a selection of useful taxonomic keys and is in no way to be considered an exhaustive reference list. New publications and updated editions (if useful) will be posted as they are published.

Freshwater General Keys

Primary Keys

Adler, P.H., Douglas, C.C. and Wood, D.M. 2004. The Black Flies (Simulidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY. 960 pp.

Brigham, A.R., W.U. Brigham, and A. Gnilka. 1982. Aquatic insects and oligochaetes of North and South Carolina. Midwest Aquatic Enterprises, Mahomet, Illinois. 800 pp.

Brinkhurst, R.O. 1986. Guide to the Freshwater Microdrile Oligochaetes of North America. Can. Spec. Publ. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 84. 259 pp.

Burch, J.B. 1972. Freshwater sphaeriacean clams (Mollusca: Pelecypoda) of North America; biota of freshwater ecosystems, identification manual no. 3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Pollution Control Research Series No. 18050 ELD03/72. Washington, D.C. 31 pp.

Burch, J.B. 1973. Freshwater unionacean clams (Mollusca: Pelecypoda) of North America; biota of freshwater ecosystems, identification maunal no. 11. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Pollution Control Research Series No. 18050 ELD 03/73. Washington, D.C. 176 pp.

Burch, J.B. 1982. Freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of North America. EPA- 600/3-82-026. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio. 294 pp.

Epler, J.H. 2001. Identification manual for the larval Chironomidae (Diptera) of North and South Carolina. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Raleigh, North Carolina. PDF. http://www.esb.enr.state.nc.us/BAUwww/Chironomid.htm .

Hobbs, H.H. 1981. The crayfishes of Georgia. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 318, Smithsonian Institute Press, Washington, D.C. 549 pp.

Kathman, R.D., and Brinkhurst, R.O. 1998. Guide to the Freshwater Oligochaetes of North America. Aquatic Resources Center, College Grove, Tennessee. 264 pp.

Klemm, D.J. 1982. Leeches (Annelida: Hirudinea) of North America. EPA-600/3-82- 025. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio. 177 pp.

Larson, D.J., Alarie, Y. and Roughley, R.E. 2000. Predaceous Diving Beetles (Coleoptera:Dytiscidae) of the Nearctic Region. National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario 982pp.

Merritt, R.W., K.W. Cummins. And Berg, M.B. 2008. An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America. 4 th edition. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, Iowa. 1158 pp.

Pennak, R.W. 1989. Fresh-water invertebrates of the United States; Protozoa to Mollusca. 3 rd edition. John Wiley and Sons, Incorporated, New York, New York. 628 pp.

Smith, D.G. 2001. Pennak's Freshwater Invertebrates of the United States: Porifera to Crustacea. 4th edition. John Wiley and Sons, Incorporated, New York, New York. 638 pp.

Thorp, J.H. and A.P. Covich. 2001. Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates. 2 nd edition. Academic Press Incorporated, San Diego, California. 911 pp.

Wiggins, G.B. 1996. Larvae of the North American caddisfly genera (Trichoptera). 2 nd edition. University of Toronto Press Incorporated, Toronto, Canada. 457 pp.

Williams, W.D. 1972. Freshwater isopods (Asellidae) of North America; biota of freshwater ecosystems, identification manual no. 7. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Pollution Control Research Series No. 18050 ELD05/72. Washington, D.C. 45 pp.

Secondary Keys

Berner, L. and M.L. Pescador. 1988. The mayflies of Florida. Revised edition. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, Florida. 415 pp.

Daigle, J.J. 1991. Florida Damselflies (Zygoptera): A Species Key to the Larval Stages. State of Florida, Department of Environmental Regulation. Technical Series. Volume 11, number 1.

Daigle, J.J. 1992. Florida Dragonflies (Anisoptera): A Species Key to the Aquatic Larval Stages. State of Florida, Department of Environmental Regulation. Technical Series. Volume12, number 1.

Epler, J.H. 1995. Identification manual for the larval Chironomidae (Diptera) of Florida. Revised edition. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation, Central District, Orlando, Florida. 319 pp. PDF. http://www.floridadep.org/labs/cgi-bin/sbio/keys.asp#keys

Epler, J.H. 1996. Identification manual for the water beetles of Florida (Coleoptera: Dryopidae, Dytiscidae, Elmidae, Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, Hydraenidae, Hydrophilidae, Noteridae, Psephenidae, Ptilodactylidae, Scirtidae). Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, Florida. PDF. http://www.floridadep.org/labs/cgi-bin/sbio/keys.asp#keys

Milligan, M. R. 1997. Identification Manual for the aquatic Oligochaeta of Florida. Vol. I. Freshwater oligochaetes. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, Florida. PDF. http://www.floridadep.org/labs/cgi-bin/sbio/keys.asp#keys

McAlpine, J.F., B.V. Peterson, G.E. Shewell, H.J. Teskey, J.R. Vockeroth, and D.M. Wood (editors). 1981. Manual of nearctic Diptera, volume 1. Canadian Monograph 27, Biosystematics Research Institute, Agriculture Research Branch, Ottawa, Ontario. 674 pp.

Pescador, M.L., A.K. Rasmussen, and S.C. Harris. 1995. Identification manual for the caddisfly (Trichoptera) larvae of Florida. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, Florida. 197 pp. PDF. http://www.floridadep.org/labs/cgi-bin/sbio/keys.asp#keys

Pescador, M.L., Rasmussen, A. and Richard, B. 2000. A Guide To The Stoneflies (Plecoptera) Of Florida. State of Florida, Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Water Resource Management, Tallahassee. PDF. http://www.floridadep.org/labs/cgi-bin/sbio/keys.asp#keys

Stewart, K.W. and B.P. Stark. 2002. Nymphs of North American stonefly genera (Plecoptera). 2 nd edition. The Caddis Press, Columbus, Ohio. 510 pp.

Species Keys

Burian, S.K. 2001. Revision of the Genus Leptophlebia in North America (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Bull. Ohio Biol. Survey (New Series) Vol. 13:3.

Flint, O.S. 1984. The Genus Brachycentrus in North America, with a Proposed Phylogeny of the genera of Brachycentridae (Trichoptera). Smiths. Contr. to Zoo. #398. 60 pp.

Floyd, M.A. 1995. Larvae of the Caddisfly Genus Oecetis (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in North America. Bull. Ohio Biol. Survey (New Series) Vol. 10:3. 85pp.

Glover , J.B. 1996. Larvae of the Genera Triaenodes and Ylodes (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in North America. Bull. Ohio Biol. Survey (New Series) Vol. 11:2. 89pp.

Maschwitz, D.E. and Cook, E.F. 2000. Revision of the Nearctic Species of the Genus Polypedilum Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae) in the Subgenera P. (Polypedilum) Kieffer and P. (Uresipedilum) Oyewo and Sæther. Bull. Ohio Biol. Survey (New Series) Vol. 12:3. 135pp.

Needham, J.G., Westfall, M.J. and May M.L. 2000. A Manual of the Dragonflies of North America (Anisoptera). Scientific Publishers, Inc., Gainesville, Florida. 940 pp. Parker, C.R. and Wiggins, G.B. 1987. Revision of the Caddisfly Genus Psilotreta (Trichoptera: Odontoceridae). Roy. Ont. Mus., Life Sci. Contr. 144. 55 pp.

Sturkie, S.K., and Morse, J.C. 1998. Larvae of the Three Common North American Species of Phylocentropus (Trichoptera: Dipseudopsidae). Insecta Mundi, Vol. 12:3-4. pp 175-179.

Stocks, I.C. and Morse, J.C. 2001. Corrections and Additions to the Previously Published Key to Eastern Nearctic Rhyacophila Species (Prather and Morse 2001). Downloadable. http://entweb.clemson.edu/research/CEL/rhyacophila.htm

Westfall M.J. and May M.L. 2006. Damselflies of North America. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Gainesville, Florida. ~500 pp.

Wymer, D.A. and Morse, J.C. 2000. Larvae, Pupa and Adults of Glossosoma nigrior (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae) with a Review of the Eastern North American Species of Glossosoma. Ent. News. 111(3): pp 149-158.

Vineyard R.N., Wiggins, G.B., Frania, H.E., Schefter, P.W. 2005. The Caddisfly Genus Neophylax (Trichoptera:Uenoidae). University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Ontario. 148pp.

Marine/Estuarine