Mise En Place D'un Dispositif Hybride Visant La Pratique De L'oral

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Mise En Place D'un Dispositif Hybride Visant La Pratique De L'oral Mise en place d’un dispositif hybride visant la pratique de l’oral asynchrone dans une université coréenne Boris Labianca To cite this version: Boris Labianca. Mise en place d’un dispositif hybride visant la pratique de l’oral asynchrone dans une université coréenne. Sciences de l’Homme et Société. 2016. dumas-01340122 HAL Id: dumas-01340122 https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-01340122 Submitted on 30 Jun 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Mise en place d’un dispositif hybride visant la pratique de l’oral asynchrone dans une université coréenne LABIANCA Boris Sous la direction de M. François MANGENOT UFR Langage, lettres et arts du spectacle, information et communication (LLASIC) Département Sciences du langage et français langue étrangère (FLE) Mémoire de master 2 professionnel - 30 crédits - Mention Sciences du langage Spécialité : Français Langue Etrangère Année universitaire 2015-2016 Mise en place d’un dispositif hybride visant la pratique de l’oral asynchrone dans une université coréenne LABIANCA Boris Sous la direction de M. François MANGENOT UFR Langage, lettres et arts du spectacle, information et communication (LLASIC) Département Sciences du langage et français langue étrangère (FLE) Mémoire de master 2 professionnel - 30 crédits - Mention Sciences du langage Spécialité : Français Langue Etrangère Année universitaire 2015-2016 Remerciements Je tiens à remercier mon directeur de mémoire, M. François Mangenot, pour sa grande disponibilité et ses critiques constructives qui m’ont permis de mener à bien ce travail. Je remercie également Michael Butzer pour m’avoir mis en contact avec le département de français de l’université de Chungbuk. Un grand merci à M. Meidinger pour m’avoir accueilli au sein du département et pour son aide sur la réalisation de mon projet. Il me faut aussi remercier Nicola et Virginie Labianca pour leurs relectures et leurs conseils précieux. Merci à Marilou pour ses conseils et encouragements tout au long de la rédaction de ce mémoire. Merci à mes parents pour leur soutien sans lequel mon stage n’aurait pas été possible. Enfin, il me faut également remercier les 8 étudiants du département de français qui m’ont aidé à tester la partie distancielle du dispositif, tout particulièrement Julia Shin qui m’a aidé à trouver des étudiants volontaires, a fait passer les entretiens, et a traduit les transcriptions et les questionnaires. Sommaire Introduction ................................................................................................................7 Chapitre 1 - Contexte et définition de la mission....................................................8 1. L’apprentissage du FLE en Corée ................................................................................8 1.1. La situation du français en Corée..............................................................................8 1.2. Les aspects culturels et leurs implications sur les apprenants..................................9 2. Le département de langue et de littérature françaises de l’université de Chungbuk..........................................................................................................................11 2.1. Description du département ....................................................................................11 2.2. La place du FLE dans le département ....................................................................15 3. Commande et analyse de la demande .......................................................................16 3.1. Présentation de la commande.................................................................................16 3.2. Démarche adoptée pour analyser les besoins ........................................................17 4. La problématique .........................................................................................................21 Chapitre 2 - Description du dispositif ....................................................................23 1. Les dispositifs hybrides et l’oral ................................................................................23 1.1. Les dispositifs hybrides dans l’apprentissage des langues.....................................23 1.2. L’oral asynchrone dans d’autres dispositifs.............................................................27 2. Description générale....................................................................................................29 2.1. La partie en présentiel : le point de départ de l’élaboration.....................................30 2.2. La partie plateforme ................................................................................................33 3. L’utilisation de l’oral asynchrone dans notre dispositif...........................................36 3.1. Les productions orales asynchrones.......................................................................36 3.2. Les échanges oraux asynchrones...........................................................................38 3.3. Le tutorat .................................................................................................................41 3.4. L’évaluation .............................................................................................................43 Chapitre 3 - Analyse de l’utilisation de l’oral asynchrone dans le dispositif.....45 1. Démarche et outils d’analyse......................................................................................45 2. La question de l’acceptabilité .....................................................................................46 2.1. Acceptabilité ou acceptation, quelle notion nous intéresse ?..................................46 2.2. Les résultats obtenus à propos de l’utilité ressentie................................................47 2.3. L’utilisabilité du dispositif .........................................................................................50 2.4. Ressenti global........................................................................................................53 3. Les limites rencontrées lors de la phase de test ......................................................57 3.1. Un manque d’improvisation.....................................................................................57 5 3.2. Les limites liées au format asynchrone ...................................................................63 3.3. L’aspect technologique............................................................................................65 3.4. Un tutorat chronophage...........................................................................................66 4. Que peut apporter une telle approche de l’oral ? .....................................................67 4.1. Plus de pratique de l’oral.........................................................................................67 4.2. L’aspect ludique ......................................................................................................68 4.3. Une sensation de progrès .......................................................................................69 4.4. Une ouverture sur une autre approche de l’apprentissage .....................................70 4.5. Un regain de motivation et de confiance .................................................................70 4.6. Une bonne préparation pour l’examen du DELF.....................................................71 4.7. Un bon moyen de réviser et de mémoriser .............................................................72 4.8. Un gain en flexibilité ................................................................................................73 Conclusion ...............................................................................................................74 6 Introduction Mon stage s’est déroulé au sein du département de langue et de littérature françaises à l’université de Chungbuk en Corée du Sud. Des professeurs du département ont développé leur propre manuel de FLE adapté à leurs besoins et à ceux des étudiants. Ce manuel est utilisé dans le cours de communication au 1er semestre de la 1ère année d’étude. Les concepteurs de celui-ci souhaitaient enrichir leur cours en y intégrant les TICE. Par conséquent, ma mission a consisté à créer un scénario pédagogique sur la plateforme d’apprentissage de l’université afin de réaliser un dispositif hybride permettant une pratique de la langue plus importante de la part des apprenants. La pratique de l’oral faisant défaut, j’ai axé mon projet sur la production orale. Afin de réaliser des productions orales sur une plateforme d’apprentissage, il est nécessaire de passer par de l’oral asynchrone. La plateforme de l’université permet de poster des fichiers multimédia et offre un service de forums de discussion. Ce sont ces forums que j’ai combinés avec des enregistrements audio dans le but d’amener les apprenants à faire des échanges oraux asynchrones. Cette pratique peu courante est très loin des habitudes d’enseignements-apprentissage coréennes et je souhaitais savoir quels
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