Swiss Road History between State Consolidation and Private Interests The development of the road infrastructure in Switzerland between 1740 and 18501 Benjamin Spielmann University of Bern Section of Economic, Social and Environmental History
[email protected] Abstract This paper discusses major development steps in the emergence of the modern road network in Switzerland. It considers connections between state authorities and actors from the private sector. Before the Swiss Fed- eral State was founded in 1848, the country consisted of regional and largely independent territories with only few institutional bonds between them. Neither a strong central political instance nor a comprehensive master plan existed, yet these regional governments together with foreign states, managed to gradually cre- ate a road network. The road network connected major Swiss towns and allowed access to foreign transpor- tation systems. This paper argues that this was possible based on mutual economic interests of regional and foreign states as well as the private sector: The states were interested in tolls and military use, and the private sector needed roads for efficient freight transportation that generated fiscal revenue. This coaction between public and private actors was at the expense of local societal structures that needed to cope with large scale economic interests. However, road projects contributed to consolidate regional state structures that were essential to passing road laws, incorporating technical knowledge and expanding road networks on a more regional level. 1. Introduction Roads are a crucial part of the present-day transportation and mobility system of which transportation of Bern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS) 2 provided by th th View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk CORE passengers accounts for a huge part.