DOCSLIB.ORG

Social Status in the Veterans* Community at The

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Social Status in the Veterans* Community at The Social status in the veterans' community at the University of Arizona Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Pobrislo, Joseph Frank, 1923- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 05/10/2021 14:17:57 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/553891 SOCIAL STATUS IN THE VETERANS* COMMUNITY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA by Joseph Pobrislo A Thesis submitted to the faculty of the Department of Sociology in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the Graduate College, University of Arizona 1956 Approved: / f Date This thesis has been submitted in partial ful­ filment of requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this thesis are allow­ able without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the dean of the Graduate College when in their judgment the proposed use of the material Is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. SIGNED: / ^ ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This research, like any other, is a social product to which many minds. In some way, have contributed. Foot­ note acknowledgments in the text indicate this student’s awareness of numerous references which have helped his thinking. These citations, however, do not indicate all — or the most important contributions. Influences, of course, came from teachers, to whom we have acquired lasting obligations. Their ideas, while not immediately recognizable, nevertheless left their marks on the writer’s thinking. For continuous guidance, encouragement, and Infinite patience as advisor during the study, the writer wishes to express special appreciation to Dr. Raymond A. Mulligan. With his wise counsel, the unexpected and seemingly in­ surmountable obstacles confronted during the research were logically resolved. ill TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter ACKNOWLEDGMENTS........................ I. RANKING CONSISTENCY AND SOCIAL STATUS . Introduction........................ Definitions #*#**»» Assumptions ........................ II. RELATED STUDIES. ..................... Otto Sender ....... Ralph Splelman . Gerhard Lenski and William Kenkel . Pitirim Sorokin . • . • Emile Benolt-Smullyan . Harold Kaufman, ejb al . Stuart Adams........................ Other Studies .................... III. GENERAL SETTING, HISTORY, AND METHOD OF STUDY OF THE COMMUNITY . Polo Village. .................... Common Factors Among the Residents • The Village as a Community for Testing the Hypothesis. Method of Study .................... IV. FINDINGS High Status Families in the Informal Organization of the Community . Intermediate Status Families in the Informal Organization of the Community . Chapter Page Sender's Soclometric Diagram. 84 The Impracticability of Sender's Soclometric Diagram For Use in a Larger Community ................ 87 High Status Families in the Socio- metric Diagram . 91 High Status Families: Relationship of Past Formal Status to the Community Situation • • • . 91 Past Status from Parentage • . 93 Past Status from Earlier Life • • 101 V. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS..............108 APPENDIX A . ..... 118 APPENDIX B . 124 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................... 184 LIST OF TABLES Number I. AGE DISTRIBUTION OF CHILDREN IN THE VILLAGE . 48 II. AGES OF VILLAGE ADULT POPULATION . 49 III.. NUMBER OF VILLAGERS WORKING FULL- OR PART-TIME.................................. 50 IV. LENGTH OF RESIDENCE IN THE VILLAGE . 51 V. MAJOR FIELD OF STUDY OF VILLAGERS . 52 VI. LENGTH OF TIME IN THE ARMED FORCES . 53 VII. FAMILIES MENTIONED AS "BEST KNOWN" IN THE VILLAGE . 62 VIII. FAMILIES MENTIONED AS "BEST ALL AROUND LEADERS" IN THE VILLAGE .... 63 IX. FAMILIES MENTIONED AS MOST ACTIVE IN­ FORMALLY IN POLO VILLAGE GOVERNMENT AND A F F A I R S .............................. 64 v Number Page X. FAMILIES MENTIONED AS BEST INFORMED ABOUT POLO VILLAGE POLITICS. 66 XI. FAMILIES IN THE VILLAGE WHOSE ADVICE WOULD BE TAKEN IN THE SELECTION OF A BOOK OR M O V I E ................ 69 XII. VILLAGE FAMILIES HAVING BEST DECORATED APARTMENT AND MOST ATTRACTIVE YARD . 71 XIII. COMBINATION OF RESPONSES TO THE LEADERSHIP DETERMINING QUESTIONS INTO RAW LEADERSHIP STATUS SCORES ........................ 74 XIV. RAW AND WEIGHTED LEADERSHIP SCORES . 78 XV. FOREIGN AND NATIVE BIRTH FOR ALL PARENTS OF RESIDENTS AT THE VILLAGE STATUS LEVELS . .... 93 XVI. URBAN AND RURAL BIRTH FOR ALL PARENTS OF RESIDENTS AT VILLAGE STATUS LEVELS . 95 XVII. EDUCATION OF FATHERS OF MEN AT VILLAGE STATUS LEVELS ............................ 96 XVIII. PERCENTAGE OF FATHERS OF FAMILY HEADS IN EACH VILLAGE STATUS CATEGORY REACHING VARIOUS EDUCATIONAL LEVELS .... 97 XIX. OCCUPATION OF FATHERS OF MEN AT EACH STATUS LEVEL ........................ 98 XX. PERCENTAGES OF FATHERS OF MEN IN VARIOUS OCCUPATIONS AMONG THE VILLAGE STATUS LEVELS............................... 99 XXI. FATHERS OF FAMILY HEADS OWNING THEIR OWN HOMES BY VILLAGE STATUS LEVELS . 100 XXII. PERCENTAGE OF URBAN AND RURAL BIRTHPLACE OF ALL VILLAGE RESIDENTS BY VILLAGE STATUS L E V E L S ................ ... .102 XXIII. PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN OF THE VILLAGE WHO HAVE ENGAGED- IN VARIOUS KINDS OF EMPLOYMENT BY VILLAGE STATUS LEVELS. 103 vi Number Page o XXIV. PERCENTAGES OP ARMED FORCES OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN BY VILLAGE STATUS LEVELS## # # * » # # e 104 : ;■ ' ' • • 4 .* * * XXV. PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN OF UNIVERSITY VILLAGE - , ' WHO HAVE REACHED VARIOUS EDUCATION LEVELS, BY VILLAGE STATUS LEVELS . 105 # - ' FIGURES POLO VILLAGE AND THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA ....... 38 II.POLO VILLAGE, EAST SECTION . # 39 III. POLO VILLAGE, EAST SECTION, RESIDENCE DIAGRAM ........................ 39 IV. POLO VILLAGE, EAST SECTION (VIEW TOWARD NORTHEAST). 40 V. POLO VILLAGE, EAST SECTION (VIEW TOWARD SOUTH)................ .... 40 VI. QUONSET HUT, CLOSE-UP # 41 VII. “FLAT-TOP,tt CLOSE-UP................ # 41 VIII. POLO FIELD ........................ 42 IX. POLO VILLAGE, AERIA VIEW, LOOKING SOUTHEAST ....... 42 X.“BEST FRIENDS” AS REPORTED BY RESIDENTS OF BONDER^S COMMUNITY .... ,po6icet XI. “BEST FRIENDS” AS REPORTED BY RESIDENTS 9 (a OF THE VILLAGE.................... pocket vii CHAPTER I RANKING CONSISTENCY AND SOCIAL STATUS Introduction Today the study of social stratification is of major sociological interest in the United States. In the past twenty years a number of studies have been made in this field. Many of these studies have approached the problem of social stratification from such concepts as life-chances, social mobility, elites, and life-styles. Unfortunately, the publication of new research findings has proceeded much more rapidly than efforts to work out adequate theoretical formulations. The present study lays no claims to theoretical originality; it is one of replica­ tion only. Some recent approaches to the study of social stratification have been those of the interrelationship of statuses. They have been labeled as "status consistency," "status congruency," or "status crystallization." In most societies, an individual's statuses are consistent. His occupation, social status, and kinship affiliation all dovetail neatly. According to Green, even 2 in modern America, statuses tend to be congruent.^ However, at the same time there are many individuals in our society whose statuses are somewhat inconsistent, because the area of competition is wide and intensive. A political figure who was born and reared in a poor family might never attain a social position equal to his achieved political status. In the light of these status inconsistencies, which migfct be more widespread than is realized, Cuber and Kenkel discard the idea that the ranking of individuals can best be studied in terms of their relative positions in a single vertical hierarchy.2 They point out that an individual has a position in each of several hierarchies, not a position In one hier­ archy only.5 An interesting point of analysis then becomes the investigation of how these various positions or statuses are interrelated. A variation of the same general problem is the consistency of the status of an individual In the same hierarchy in two social situations.~ Some thought has 12*4 1. Arnold Wilfred Green, Sociology: An Analysis of Life in Modern Society, (New York: McGraw-HilT”Book Co., 1952), p. 42. 2. John F. Cuber and William F. Kenkel, Social Stratiflcation in the United States, (New York: Appleton- Century Crofts,Tnc., 1954), pp. 25-28 and 150. 5. Loc. cit. 4. Of. p. 4, post, for the hypothesis of the present study 3 been given to this aspect of the problem by sociologists in the past and has resulted in two diverse points of view: (1) social status is constant, and (2) social status is not constant,5 Proponents of the former point of view point out that the individual acquires his first social position by virtue of birth into a particular family group; that his social status is largely fixed by kinship associations; and, that he becomes habituated to acting in accordance with what he has been led to consider
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Ideological Origins of the Population Association of America
    Fairfield University DigitalCommons@Fairfield Sociology & Anthropology Faculty Publications Sociology & Anthropology Department 3-1991 The ideological origins of the Population Association of America Dennis Hodgson Fairfield University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/sociologyandanthropology- facultypubs Archived with permission from the copyright holder. Copyright 1991 Wiley and Population Council. Link to the journal homepage: (http://wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/padr) Peer Reviewed Repository Citation Hodgson, Dennis, "The ideological origins of the Population Association of America" (1991). Sociology & Anthropology Faculty Publications. 32. https://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/sociologyandanthropology-facultypubs/32 Published Citation Hodgson, Dennis. "The ideological origins of the Population Association of America." Population and Development Review 17, no. 1 (March 1991): 1-34. This item has been accepted for inclusion in DigitalCommons@Fairfield by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Fairfield. It is brought to you by DigitalCommons@Fairfield with permission from the rights- holder(s) and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/or on the work itself. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Ideological Origins of the Population Association of America DENNIS HODGSON THE FIELD OF POPULATION in the United States early in this century was quite diffuse. There were no academic programs producing certified demographers, no body of theory and methods that all agreed constituted the field, no consensus on which population problems posed the most serious threat to the nation or human welfare more generally.
    [Show full text]
  • Thomas Theorem and the Matthew Hfed?
    The Thomas Theorem and The Matthew Hfed? ROBERT K MERI'ON, Cohmbiu University and Russell Sage Foundation Eponymy in science is the practice of affixing the names of scientists to what they have discovered or are believed to have discovered,’ as with Boyle’s Law, Halley’s comet, Fourier’s transform, Planck’s constant, the Rorschach test, the Gini coefficient, and the Thomas theorem This article can be read from various sociological perspectives? Most specifical- ly, it records an epistolary episode in the sociointellectual history of what has ’ The definition of epw includes the cautionary phrase,“or are belkvedto have discovered,” in order to take due note of “Stigkr’s Law of Eponymy” which in its strongest and “simplest form is this: ‘No scientific discovery is named after its original discovereV (Stigler 1980). Stigler’s study of what is generally known as “the normal distribution” or “the Gaussian distribution” as a case in point of his ixonicaBy self-exemplifyingeponymous law is based in part on its eponymous appearance in 80 textbooks of statistics, from 1816 to 1976. 2 As will become evident, this discursive composite of archival dccuments, biography of a sociological idea, and analysis of social mechanisms involved in the diffusion of that idea departs from the tidy format that has come to be p&bed for the scientific paper. This is by design and with the indulgent consent of the editor of SocialForces. But then, that only speaks for a continuing largeness of spirit of its editorial policy which, back in 1934, allowed the ironic phrase “enlightened Boojum of Positivism” (with its allusion to Lewis Carroll’s immortal The Hunting of the &ark) to appear in my very fist article, published in this journal better than 60 Y- ago.
    [Show full text]
  • Lipset 2020 Program FINAL V4.Indd
    The Embassy of Canada and The National Endowment for Democracy present The Seventeenth Annual SEYMOUR MARTIN LIPSET LECTURE ON DEMOCRACY IN THE WORLD Minxin Pei Pritzker Professor of Government and George R. Roberts Fellow, Claremont McKenna College Totalitarianism’s Long Dark Shadow Over China Thursday, December 3, 2020 Virtual Event Minxin Pei Pritzker Professor of Government and George R. Roberts Fellow, Claremont McKenna College Dr. Minxin Pei is the Tom and Mar- Trapped Transition: The Limits of Develop- got Pritzker ’72 Professor of Gov- mental Autocracy (Harvard University ernment and George R. Roberts Fel- Press, 2006), and China’s Crony Capi- low at Claremont McKenna College. talism: The Dynamics of Regime Decay (Har- He is also a non-resident senior fel- vard University Press, 2016). His low of the German Marshall Fund of research has been published in For- the United States. He serves on the eign Policy, Foreign Affairs, The National In- editorial board of the Journal of Democ- terest, Modern China, China Quarterly, Jour- racy and as editor-in-chief of the Chi- nal of Democracy, and in numerous na Leadership Monitor. Prior to joining edited volumes. Claremont McKenna in 2009, Dr. Dr. Pei’s op-eds have appeared Pei was a senior associate and the di- in the Financial Times, New York Times, rector of the China Program at the Washington Post, Newsweek International, Carnegie Endowment for Interna- and other major newspapers. Dr. tional Peace. Pei received his Ph.D. in political A renowned scholar of democra- science from Harvard University. tization in developing countries, He is a recipient of numerous pres- economic reform and governance tigious fellowships, including the in China, and U.S.-China rela- National Fellowship at the Hoover tions, he is the author of From Reform Institution at Stanford University, to Revolution: The Demise of Communism in the McNamara Fellowship at the China and the Soviet Union (Harvard World Bank, and the Olin Faculty University Press, 1994), China’s Fellowship of the Olin Foundation.
    [Show full text]
  • Centennial Bibliography on the History of American Sociology
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Sociology Department, Faculty Publications Sociology, Department of 2005 Centennial Bibliography On The iH story Of American Sociology Michael R. Hill [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/sociologyfacpub Part of the Family, Life Course, and Society Commons, and the Social Psychology and Interaction Commons Hill, Michael R., "Centennial Bibliography On The iH story Of American Sociology" (2005). Sociology Department, Faculty Publications. 348. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/sociologyfacpub/348 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Sociology, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Sociology Department, Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Hill, Michael R., (Compiler). 2005. Centennial Bibliography of the History of American Sociology. Washington, DC: American Sociological Association. CENTENNIAL BIBLIOGRAPHY ON THE HISTORY OF AMERICAN SOCIOLOGY Compiled by MICHAEL R. HILL Editor, Sociological Origins In consultation with the Centennial Bibliography Committee of the American Sociological Association Section on the History of Sociology: Brian P. Conway, Michael R. Hill (co-chair), Susan Hoecker-Drysdale (ex-officio), Jack Nusan Porter (co-chair), Pamela A. Roby, Kathleen Slobin, and Roberta Spalter-Roth. © 2005 American Sociological Association Washington, DC TABLE OF CONTENTS Note: Each part is separately paginated, with the number of pages in each part as indicated below in square brackets. The total page count for the entire file is 224 pages. To navigate within the document, please use navigation arrows and the Bookmark feature provided by Adobe Acrobat Reader.® Users may search this document by utilizing the “Find” command (typically located under the “Edit” tab on the Adobe Acrobat toolbar).
    [Show full text]
  • Demographic Destinies
    DEMOGRAPHIC DESTINIES Interviews with Presidents of the Population Association of America Interview with Henry Shryock, Jr. PAA President in 1955-56 This series of interviews with Past PAA Presidents was initiated by Anders Lunde (PAA Historian, 1973 to 1982) And continued by Jean van der Tak (PAA Historian, 1982 to 1994) And then by John R. Weeks (PAA Historian, 1994 to present) With the collaboration of the following members of the PAA History Committee: David Heer (2004 to 2007), Paul Demeny (2004 to 2012), Dennis Hodgson (2004 to present), Deborah McFarlane (2004 to 2018), Karen Hardee (2010 to present), Emily Merchant (2016 to present), and Win Brown (2018 to present) HENRY S. SHRYOCK, Jr. PAA Secretary in 1950-53 (No. 7) and President in 1955-56 (No. 19). Interview with Jean van der Tak at Dr. Shryock's home in Southwest Washington, D.C., overlooking the Potomac River, February 5, 1988. CAREER HIGHLIGHTS: Henry Shryock grew up in Baltimore, Maryland, where he was born in 1912. He received the B.A. in mathematics from St. John's College, Annapolis, Maryland, in 1932; did graduate work in sociology at Duke University; and received the Ph.D. in sociology from the University of Wisconsin in 1937. In the fall of 1936 he joined the newly established Office of Population Research at Princeton as its first Research Associate. In 1939 he went to the Census Bureau, where he had worked for short periods earlier, and remained there for 30 years, mostly as Assistant Chief of the Population Division. From 1970 to 1987, he was a lecturer at Georgetown University's Center for Population Research and the succeeding Department of Demography.
    [Show full text]
  • Immigration and Assimilation: the Greeks of Lowell
    tT Λ ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my appreciation to Dr. J. Oscar Alers for all his invaluable assistance throughout this study. With­ out his continuous suggestions, advice, comment, and la­ borious working over the manuscript, the present study would never have been completed. Dr. Seymour Leventman has also made many valuable sug­ gestions and comments. I am also deeply grateful to the forty respondents for their contribution. Special thanks go to the Reverend John Sarantos of the Greek Orthodox Church of the Holy Transfiguration in Lowell, who gave much of his time and shared many of his immigration and experiences. assimilation: PREFACE Among modern nations the United States presents the Greeks a classic example of the problems and opportunities of immigration. The entire course of American his­ of Lowell tory has been shaped by successive waves of im­ migrants, representing diverse nationalities from the whole world. Almost every national group has taken its place in American culture. Thesis Upon settling in a strange land, the new immigrant faces several serious crises. He is legally and socially an alien. He embodies a cultural heritage that in­ cludes a different language, political tradition, val­ by ues and goals. He brings a strange style and standard of living. He expresses a temperament which allows Eleni Drakopoulou him to accept change or reject it. The life of the new Lawyer, Member of immigrant is precarious. Athens Bar Association In view of this situation certain practical and theo­ retical factors intervene concerning his adjustment. The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate the problem of assimilation with respect to a particular national group and place: the Greek minority in Lowell, Massachusetts.
    [Show full text]
  • Recipients of Asa Awards
    APPENDIX 133 APPENDIX 11: RECIPIENTS OF ASA AWARDS MacIver Award 1956 E. Franklin Frazier, The Black Bourgeoisie (Free Press, 1957) 1957 no award given 1958 Reinhard Bendix, Work and Authority in Industry (Wiley, 1956) 1959 August B. Hollingshead and Frederick C. Redlich, Social Class and Mental Illness: A Community Study (Wiley, 1958) 1960 no award given 1961 Erving Goffman, The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life (Doubleday, 1959) 1962 Seymour Martin Lipset, Political Man: The Social Bases of Politics (Doubleday, 1960) 1963 Wilbert E. Moore, The Conduct of the Corporation (Random House, 1962) 1964 Shmuel N. Eisenstadt, The Political Systems of Empires (Free Press of Glencoe, 1963) 1965 William J. Goode, World Revolution and Family Patterns (Glencoe, 1963) 1966 John Porter, The Vertical Mosaic: An Analysis of Social Class and Power in Canada (University of Toronto, 1965) 1967 Kai T. Erikson, Wayward Puritans (Wiley, 1966) 1968 Barrington Moore, Jr., Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy (Beacon, 1966) Sorokin Award 1968 Peter M. Blau, Otis Dudley Duncan, and Andrea Tyree, The American Occupational Structure (Wiley, 1967) 1969 William A. Gamson, Power and Discontent (Dorsey, 1968) 1970 Arthur L. Stinchcombe, Constructing Social Theories (Harcourt, Brace, & World, 1968) 1971 Robert W. Friedrichs, A Sociology of Sociology; and Harrison C. White, Chains of Opportunity: Systems Models of Mobility in Organization (Free Press, 1970) 1972 Eliot Freidson, Profession of Medicine: A Study of the Sociology of Applied Knowledge (Dodd, Mead, 1970) 1973 no award given 1974 Clifford Geertz, The Interpretation of Cultures (Basic, 1973); and Christopher Jencks, Inequality (Basic, 1972) 1975 Immanuel Wallerstein, The Modern World System (Academic Press, 1974) 1976 Jeffrey Paige, Agrarian Revolution: Social Movements and Export Agriculture in the Underdeveloped World (Free Press, 1975); and Robert Bellah, The Broken Covenant: American Civil Religion in Time of Trial (Seabury Press, 1975) 1977 Kai T.
    [Show full text]
  • PAA Oral History Project Volume 1--Presidents Number 2
    DDEEMMOOGGRRAAPPHHIICC DDEESSTTIINNIIEESS Interviews with Presidents and Secretary-Treasurers of the Population Association of America PAA Oral History Project Volume 1--Presidents Number 2--From 1961 through 1976 Prepared by Jean van der Tak PAA Historian 1982 to 1994 Assembled for Distribution by the PAA History Committee: John R. Weeks, Chair (PAA Historian, 1994 to present) Paul Demeny David Heer Dennis Hodgson Deborah McFarlane 2005 ABOUT THE PAA ORAL HISTORY PROJECT AND THESE INTERVIEWS This series of interviews with past presidents and secretary-treasurers and a few others for the oral history project of the Population Association of America is the brainchild of Anders Lunde, without whom PAA would scarcely have a record of its 60year history. Dismayed by the dearth of usable PAA files he inherited as secretary-treasurer in 1965-68, Andy later determined to capture at least the reminiscences of some of PAA's longest-time members. When written pleas yielded few results, he set about doing taped interviews with past presidents and secretary-treasurers and conducted over a dozen (with help from Abbott Ferriss and Harry Rosenberg) between 1973 and 1979. Andy also assembled core records of meetings, membership numbers and officers and Board members since PAA's founding in 1931. He established PAA's official archives and arranged--with the help of Tom Merrick and Conrad Taeuber--for their cataloguing and deposit in the Georgetown University library. [Note: the archives were removed from Georgetown University in the late 1990s, and are now housed in a storage unit rented by the Population Association of America, accessible through the Executive Director of the PAA.] With Con Taeuber, he organized the "PAA at Age 50" session at the 1981 50th anniversary meeting in Washington, which produced four valuable papers on early PAA history by Frank Notestein, Frank Lorimer, Clyde Kiser, and Andy himself (published in Population index, Fall 1981).
    [Show full text]
  • Emory S. Bogardus Y Los Nuevos Fundamentos De La M Orf Olog·Ía
    Emory S. Bogardus y los Nuevos Fundamentos de la M orfolog·ía Social Por Pinto FERREIRA, Profesor de la Facultad de Derecho de la Uni­ versidad de Recife, Brasil, y miem­ bro de la "lnternational Society far General S emantics" Colaboración especial para la Revista Mexicana de Sociología. Traducci6n del por­ tugués del Lic. Carlos H. Alba. l. Nación generaJ de la morfología social. Las opiniones de Durkheim, Halbwachs, Plenge, Wiese y Gurvitch. La morfología social es, de modo general, la teoría científica de los grupos humanos. Su formulación teó• rica fué bosquejada por el genio clarividente de Durkheim en su obra Les Regles de la Methode Sociologique, vislumbrándola como una de las partes más importantes de la doctrina social. De ella se originó la vulga­ rización del término al aclarar el sociólogo francés, con su estilo cristalino y preciso, que " ... se podría llamar Morfología Social a la parte de la Sociología que tiene por tarea constituir y clasificar los tipos sociales". 1. En Alemania uno de los ilustres representantes de la sociología rela­ cional, Johann Plenge, en su Zur Ontologie der Bcziehung, 2 se refiere a una "Sociosomatología" ( Sozialsomatologie) como "la teoría de los 1 A. Cuvillier. Introduction a la Sociologie, París, 1946, pp. 180 y sig. Emile Durkheim, Les Regles de la M éthode S ociologique, París, 1901, p. 100. 2 Johann Plenge, Zur Gntologie der Beziehung (Allgemeine Relations theorie, Muenster, i, W., 1930, p. 20. 22 Revista Mexicana de Sociología complejos cuerpos existenciales de la sociedad en su estructura general" ( die Lenhre von kaomplexen Daseinskoerper der Gesellschaft in seiner allgemeinen S truktur).
    [Show full text]
  • Demographic Destinies
    DEMOGRAPHIC DESTINIES Interviews with Presidents of the Population Association of America Interview with Kingsley Davis PAA President in 1962-63 This series of interviews with Past PAA Presidents was initiated by Anders Lunde (PAA Historian, 1973 to 1982) And continued by Jean van der Tak (PAA Historian, 1982 to 1994) And then by John R. Weeks (PAA Historian, 1994 to present) With the collaboration of the following members of the PAA History Committee: David Heer (2004 to 2007), Paul Demeny (2004 to 2012), Dennis Hodgson (2004 to present), Deborah McFarlane (2004 to 2018), Karen Hardee (2010 to present), Emily Merchant (2016 to present), and Win Brown (2018 to present) 1 KINGSLEY DAVIS PAA President in 1962-63 (No. 26). Interview with Jean van der Tak in Dr. Davis's office at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University, California, May 1, 1989, supplemented by corrections and additions to the original interview transcript and other materials supplied by Dr. Davis in May 1990. CAREER HIGHLIGHTS: (Sections in quotes come from "An Attempt to Clarify Moves in Early Career," Kingsley Davis, May 1990.) Kingsley Davis was born in Tuxedo, Texas in 1908 and he grew up in Texas. He received an A.B. in English in 1930 and an M.A. in philosophy in 1932 from the University of Texas, Austin. He then went to Harvard, where he received an M.A. in sociology in 1933 and the Ph.D. in sociology in 1936. He taught sociology at Smith College in 1934-36 and at Clark University in 1936-37. From 1937 to 1944, he was Chairman of the Department of Sociology at Pennsylvania State University, although he was on leave in 1940-41 and in 1942-44.
    [Show full text]
  • The Critical Turn to Public Sociology1
    CS 31,3_f3_313-326 5/9/05 7:00 PM Page 313 The Critical Turn to Public Sociology1 M B (University of California – Berkeley) The standpoint of the old materialism is civil society; the standpoint of the new is human society, or social humanity. The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways; the point is to change it. – Karl Marx Revisiting “radical sociology” of the 1970s one cannot but be struck by its unrepentant academic character, both in its analytic style and its sub- stantive remoteness. It mirrored the world it sought to conquer. For all its radicalism its immediate object was the transformation of sociology not of society. Like those Young Hegelians of whom Marx and Engels spoke so contemptuously we were fighting phrases with phrases, making revolutions with words. Our theoretical obsessions came not from the lived experience or common sense of subaltern classes, but from the con- tradictions and anomalies of our abstract research programs. The audiences for our reinventions of Marxism, and our earnest diatribes against bourgeois sociology were not agents of history – workers, peasants, minorities – but a narrow body of intellectuals, largely cut off from the world they claimed to represent. The grand exception was feminism of which Catharine MacKinnon (1989: 83) wrote that it was the “first theory to emerge from those whose interests it affirms,” although it too could enter flights of abstract theorizing, even as it demanded connection with experience. 1 Thanks to Rhonda Levine, Eddie Webster, and Erik Wright for their comments on an earlier draft. This article first appeared in Levine, 2004 and is reprinted with per- mission.
    [Show full text]
  • A Century of American Exceptionalism
    REVIEW ESSAY A CENTURY OF AMERICAN EXCEPTIONALISM: A REVIEW OF SEYMOUR MARTIN LIPSET AND GARY MARKS, IT DIDN’T HAPPEN HERE: WHY SOCIALISM FAILED IN THE UNITED STATES (NEW YORK AND LONDON: W W NORTON, 2000) Michael Biggs Thesis 11, no. 68, 2002, pp. 110-21 Friedrich Engels followed the events of 1886 across the Atlantic with jubilation. American workers had flooded into the Knights of Labor; they struck en masse for the eight-hour working day on May 1; in the November elections, they voted for labor candidates, most notably Henry George in New York City. This could not, of course, compare to Germany, where the Social Democratic Party captured 10% of the vote despite legal persecution. The Anglo-Saxons—“those damned Schleswig -Holsteiners,” as Marx joked—on both sides of the Atlantic had proved an embarrassment for Marx and Engels. In theory, the most industrially developed societies represented the future of the less developed. Yet socialism remained marginal in Britain and the United States, the capitalist societies par excellence. That is why Engels greeted the rapid growth of the American labor movement in 1886 with such enthusiasm. “[I]f we in Europe do not hurry up” he wrote, “the Americans will soon outdistance us.” There was now hope for Britain, where the Trades Union Congress was dominated by labor aristocrats devoted to retaining their privileged position within the working class. Marx’s daughter Eleanor and her husband Edward Aveling, returning from a visit to the United States, concluded: “The example of the American working men will be followed before long on the European side of the Atlantic.
    [Show full text]