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Social status in the veterans' community at the University of Arizona Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Pobrislo, Joseph Frank, 1923- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 05/10/2021 14:17:57 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/553891 SOCIAL STATUS IN THE VETERANS* COMMUNITY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA by Joseph Pobrislo A Thesis submitted to the faculty of the Department of Sociology in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the Graduate College, University of Arizona 1956 Approved: / f Date This thesis has been submitted in partial ful­ filment of requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this thesis are allow­ able without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the dean of the Graduate College when in their judgment the proposed use of the material Is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. SIGNED: / ^ ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This research, like any other, is a social product to which many minds. In some way, have contributed. Foot­ note acknowledgments in the text indicate this student’s awareness of numerous references which have helped his thinking. These citations, however, do not indicate all — or the most important contributions. Influences, of course, came from teachers, to whom we have acquired lasting obligations. Their ideas, while not immediately recognizable, nevertheless left their marks on the writer’s thinking. For continuous guidance, encouragement, and Infinite patience as advisor during the study, the writer wishes to express special appreciation to Dr. Raymond A. Mulligan. With his wise counsel, the unexpected and seemingly in­ surmountable obstacles confronted during the research were logically resolved. ill TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter ACKNOWLEDGMENTS........................ I. RANKING CONSISTENCY AND SOCIAL STATUS . Introduction........................ Definitions #*#**»» Assumptions ........................ II. RELATED STUDIES. ..................... Otto Sender ....... Ralph Splelman . Gerhard Lenski and William Kenkel . Pitirim Sorokin . • . • Emile Benolt-Smullyan . Harold Kaufman, ejb al . Stuart Adams........................ Other Studies .................... III. GENERAL SETTING, HISTORY, AND METHOD OF STUDY OF THE COMMUNITY . Polo Village. .................... Common Factors Among the Residents • The Village as a Community for Testing the Hypothesis. Method of Study .................... IV. FINDINGS High Status Families in the Informal Organization of the Community . Intermediate Status Families in the Informal Organization of the Community . Chapter Page Sender's Soclometric Diagram. 84 The Impracticability of Sender's Soclometric Diagram For Use in a Larger Community ................ 87 High Status Families in the Socio- metric Diagram . 91 High Status Families: Relationship of Past Formal Status to the Community Situation • • • . 91 Past Status from Parentage • . 93 Past Status from Earlier Life • • 101 V. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS..............108 APPENDIX A . ..... 118 APPENDIX B . 124 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................... 184 LIST OF TABLES Number I. AGE DISTRIBUTION OF CHILDREN IN THE VILLAGE . 48 II. AGES OF VILLAGE ADULT POPULATION . 49 III.. NUMBER OF VILLAGERS WORKING FULL- OR PART-TIME.................................. 50 IV. LENGTH OF RESIDENCE IN THE VILLAGE . 51 V. MAJOR FIELD OF STUDY OF VILLAGERS . 52 VI. LENGTH OF TIME IN THE ARMED FORCES . 53 VII. FAMILIES MENTIONED AS "BEST KNOWN" IN THE VILLAGE . 62 VIII. FAMILIES MENTIONED AS "BEST ALL AROUND LEADERS" IN THE VILLAGE .... 63 IX. FAMILIES MENTIONED AS MOST ACTIVE IN­ FORMALLY IN POLO VILLAGE GOVERNMENT AND A F F A I R S .............................. 64 v Number Page X. FAMILIES MENTIONED AS BEST INFORMED ABOUT POLO VILLAGE POLITICS. 66 XI. FAMILIES IN THE VILLAGE WHOSE ADVICE WOULD BE TAKEN IN THE SELECTION OF A BOOK OR M O V I E ................ 69 XII. VILLAGE FAMILIES HAVING BEST DECORATED APARTMENT AND MOST ATTRACTIVE YARD . 71 XIII. COMBINATION OF RESPONSES TO THE LEADERSHIP DETERMINING QUESTIONS INTO RAW LEADERSHIP STATUS SCORES ........................ 74 XIV. RAW AND WEIGHTED LEADERSHIP SCORES . 78 XV. FOREIGN AND NATIVE BIRTH FOR ALL PARENTS OF RESIDENTS AT THE VILLAGE STATUS LEVELS . .... 93 XVI. URBAN AND RURAL BIRTH FOR ALL PARENTS OF RESIDENTS AT VILLAGE STATUS LEVELS . 95 XVII. EDUCATION OF FATHERS OF MEN AT VILLAGE STATUS LEVELS ............................ 96 XVIII. PERCENTAGE OF FATHERS OF FAMILY HEADS IN EACH VILLAGE STATUS CATEGORY REACHING VARIOUS EDUCATIONAL LEVELS .... 97 XIX. OCCUPATION OF FATHERS OF MEN AT EACH STATUS LEVEL ........................ 98 XX. PERCENTAGES OF FATHERS OF MEN IN VARIOUS OCCUPATIONS AMONG THE VILLAGE STATUS LEVELS............................... 99 XXI. FATHERS OF FAMILY HEADS OWNING THEIR OWN HOMES BY VILLAGE STATUS LEVELS . 100 XXII. PERCENTAGE OF URBAN AND RURAL BIRTHPLACE OF ALL VILLAGE RESIDENTS BY VILLAGE STATUS L E V E L S ................ ... .102 XXIII. PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN OF THE VILLAGE WHO HAVE ENGAGED- IN VARIOUS KINDS OF EMPLOYMENT BY VILLAGE STATUS LEVELS. 103 vi Number Page o XXIV. PERCENTAGES OP ARMED FORCES OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN BY VILLAGE STATUS LEVELS## # # * » # # e 104 : ;■ ' ' • • 4 .* * * XXV. PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN OF UNIVERSITY VILLAGE - , ' WHO HAVE REACHED VARIOUS EDUCATION LEVELS, BY VILLAGE STATUS LEVELS . 105 # - ' FIGURES POLO VILLAGE AND THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA ....... 38 II.POLO VILLAGE, EAST SECTION . # 39 III. POLO VILLAGE, EAST SECTION, RESIDENCE DIAGRAM ........................ 39 IV. POLO VILLAGE, EAST SECTION (VIEW TOWARD NORTHEAST). 40 V. POLO VILLAGE, EAST SECTION (VIEW TOWARD SOUTH)................ .... 40 VI. QUONSET HUT, CLOSE-UP # 41 VII. “FLAT-TOP,tt CLOSE-UP................ # 41 VIII. POLO FIELD ........................ 42 IX. POLO VILLAGE, AERIA VIEW, LOOKING SOUTHEAST ....... 42 X.“BEST FRIENDS” AS REPORTED BY RESIDENTS OF BONDER^S COMMUNITY .... ,po6icet XI. “BEST FRIENDS” AS REPORTED BY RESIDENTS 9 (a OF THE VILLAGE.................... pocket vii CHAPTER I RANKING CONSISTENCY AND SOCIAL STATUS Introduction Today the study of social stratification is of major sociological interest in the United States. In the past twenty years a number of studies have been made in this field. Many of these studies have approached the problem of social stratification from such concepts as life-chances, social mobility, elites, and life-styles. Unfortunately, the publication of new research findings has proceeded much more rapidly than efforts to work out adequate theoretical formulations. The present study lays no claims to theoretical originality; it is one of replica­ tion only. Some recent approaches to the study of social stratification have been those of the interrelationship of statuses. They have been labeled as "status consistency," "status congruency," or "status crystallization." In most societies, an individual's statuses are consistent. His occupation, social status, and kinship affiliation all dovetail neatly. According to Green, even 2 in modern America, statuses tend to be congruent.^ However, at the same time there are many individuals in our society whose statuses are somewhat inconsistent, because the area of competition is wide and intensive. A political figure who was born and reared in a poor family might never attain a social position equal to his achieved political status. In the light of these status inconsistencies, which migfct be more widespread than is realized, Cuber and Kenkel discard the idea that the ranking of individuals can best be studied in terms of their relative positions in a single vertical hierarchy.2 They point out that an individual has a position in each of several hierarchies, not a position In one hier­ archy only.5 An interesting point of analysis then becomes the investigation of how these various positions or statuses are interrelated. A variation of the same general problem is the consistency of the status of an individual In the same hierarchy in two social situations.~ Some thought has 12*4 1. Arnold Wilfred Green, Sociology: An Analysis of Life in Modern Society, (New York: McGraw-HilT”Book Co., 1952), p. 42. 2. John F. Cuber and William F. Kenkel, Social Stratiflcation in the United States, (New York: Appleton- Century Crofts,Tnc., 1954), pp. 25-28 and 150. 5. Loc. cit. 4. Of. p. 4, post, for the hypothesis of the present study 3 been given to this aspect of the problem by sociologists in the past and has resulted in two diverse points of view: (1) social status is constant, and (2) social status is not constant,5 Proponents of the former point of view point out that the individual acquires his first social position by virtue of birth into a particular family group; that his social status is largely fixed by kinship associations; and, that he becomes habituated to acting in accordance with what he has been led to consider
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