Nord Stream 2 Annual Monitoring Report 2019
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NORD STREAM 2 ANNUAL MONITORING REPORT 2019 Nord Stream 2 Natural Gas Pipeline construction and operation in the Finnish EEZ Environmental and Technical Monitoring date 26.5.2020 project PO 17-5149 client Nord Stream 2 AG document id W-PE-EMO-PFI-REP-892-AR2019EN-08 Cover photos: upper left© Nord Stream 2/ Axel Schmidt upper right © Nord Stream 2/ Axel Schmidt lower left © Nord Stream 2/ Axel Schmidt lower right © Nord Stream 2/ Wolfram Scheible Nord Stream 2 Natural Gas Pipeline construction and operation in the Finnish EEZ Environmental and Technical Monitoring Annual Monitoring Report 2019 The Annual Monitoring Report 2019 builds upon the Annual Monitoring Report 2018. If there are conflicting information in the Annual Monitoring Reports, it is due to data available at the time of reporting and the Annual Monitoring Report 2019 prevails. The original report is written in Finnish and has been, together with appendices, translated into Swedish and English. If there are conflicting information in the different language versions, the Finnish version prevails. Nord Stream 2 Annual Monitoring Report 2019 W-PE-EMO-PFI-REP-892-AR2019EN-08 ABBREVIATIONS ADCP Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ADD Acoustic deterrent device BQR Biological quality ratio DCC Distance cross course DP Dynamic positioned EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone EIA Environmental impact assessment FKP Finnish kilometre point FNU Formazin nephelometric unit (turbidity) GES Good environmental status (Marine strategy framework directive) GKP Global kilometre point GOFREP Gulf of Finland reporting system JNCC Great Britain’s Joint Nature Conservation Committee MBES Multi-beam echo sounder MMO Marine mammal observer NEQ Net explosive quantity NSP Nord Stream project NSP2 Nord Stream 2 project NTU Nephelometric turbidity unit PAM Passive acoustic monitoring device PSU Practical salinity unit PTS Permanent threshold shift Q Quarter of the year ROV Remotely operated vehicle SAC Special areas of conservation SCI Sites of community importance SEL Sound exposure level SPL Sound pressure level SPA Special protection areas t Tonne TTS Temporary threshold shift TSS Traffic separation scheme UXO Unexploded ordnance WP Water Permit 4 Nord Stream 2 Annual Monitoring Report 2019 W-PE-EMO-PFI-REP-892-AR2019EN-08 CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................................................... 4 SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................................................ 7 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................... 10 1.1 Project .......................................................................................................................................................... 10 1.2 Permits ......................................................................................................................................................... 12 2 SCOPE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND IMPACT ASSESSMENTS ........................................................ 14 2.1 Scope of the Annual Monitoring Report 2019........................................................................................... 14 2.2 Environmental monitoring targets ............................................................................................................. 15 2.2.1 Monitoring targets defined by the NSP2 monitoring programme ...................................................... 15 2.2.2 Additional monitoring targets ................................................................................................................ 17 2.3 Definition of receptors of impact assessment ........................................................................................... 19 2.4 Methodology used for the impact assessment ......................................................................................... 21 3 CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................................................. 22 3.1 Timing of activities ...................................................................................................................................... 22 3.2 Munitions clearance (completed in 2018) ................................................................................................. 25 3.3 Rock placement ........................................................................................................................................... 26 3.3.1 Origin, transport and placement of rock material ................................................................................ 26 3.3.2 Rock placement in 2018 ......................................................................................................................... 29 3.3.3 Rock placement in 2019 ......................................................................................................................... 29 3.4 Infrastructure crossings .............................................................................................................................. 32 3.4.1 Crossing agreements and methods ....................................................................................................... 32 3.4.2 Cable crossings........................................................................................................................................ 33 3.4.3 Pipeline crossings .................................................................................................................................... 33 3.5 Pipelay .......................................................................................................................................................... 34 3.5.1 Pipelay procedure ................................................................................................................................... 34 3.5.2 Pipelay in 2018 ........................................................................................................................................ 35 3.5.3 Pipelay in 2019 ........................................................................................................................................ 36 3.6 Notifications related to construction ......................................................................................................... 38 3.7 Unplanned events ....................................................................................................................................... 39 4 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE ................................................................................................................................ 40 4.1 Weather conditions in 2019 ....................................................................................................................... 40 4.2 Physical and chemical environment ........................................................................................................... 42 4.2.1 Seabed morphology and sediments ...................................................................................................... 42 4.2.2 Hydrography and water quality ............................................................................................................. 43 4.2.3 Underwater noise ................................................................................................................................... 45 4.3 Biotic environment ...................................................................................................................................... 46 4.3.1 Biodiversity .............................................................................................................................................. 46 4.3.2 Marine mammals .................................................................................................................................... 46 4.3.3 Protected areas ....................................................................................................................................... 48 4.4 Socio-economic environment..................................................................................................................... 51 4.4.1 Cultural heritage ..................................................................................................................................... 51 4.4.2 Ship traffic ............................................................................................................................................... 52 4.4.3 Commercial fishery ................................................................................................................................. 52 4.5 Marine strategy and Water framework directives .................................................................................... 52 5 Nord Stream 2 Annual Monitoring Report 2019 W-PE-EMO-PFI-REP-892-AR2019EN-08 5 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ......................................................................................................................... 54 5.1 Notifications related to monitoring ........................................................................................................... 54 5.2 Water quality and currents ........................................................................................................................