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Railway Tunnel Between Finland and Estonia Finest Bay Area Development Oy Finest Bay Area - Railway Tunnel Between Finland and Estonia

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Railway Tunnel Between Finland and Estonia Finest Bay Area Development Oy Finest Bay Area - Railway Tunnel Between Finland and Estonia DECEMBER 2018 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PROGRAMME Railway tunnel between Finland and Estonia Finest Bay Area Development Oy Finest Bay Area - Railway tunnel between Finland and Estonia Copyright © Pöyry Finland Oy ISBN 978-952-94-1576-2 (printed) ISBN 978-952-94-1577-9 (PDF) All rights reserved. This document, or any part thereof, may not be copied or duplicated in any form without written permission from Pöyry Finland Oy. Pro- ject number 101009314. Cover photo: A-Insinöörit Oy 2 CONTACT INFORMATION AND AVAILABILITY FOR PUBLIC VIEWING Project Developer: Finest Bay Area Development Oy The assessment programme is available in electronic Kustaa Valtonen format at the following addresses: [email protected] www.ymparisto.fi/FinestBayAreaTallinnatunneliYVA Tel. +358 504155300 www.miljo.fi/FinestBayAreaTallinntunnelMKB https://www.finestbayarea.online/ In addition to the assessment programme, the web- Finnish liaison authority for the EIA process: site contains information on the project, such as the Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the places where the assessment is available for public Environment in Uusimaa viewing and the time and place for the public infor- Contact person Leena Eerola mation event. [email protected] Tel. +358 295 021 380 The project’s assessment programme for Estonia is www.ely-keskus.fi/uusimaa available in English at: www.ymparisto.fi/FinestBayAreaTallinnatunneliYVA/ Estonian liaison authority for the EIA process: https://finestbayarea.online/about Ministry of Environment Contact person Rainer Persidski Tel. +372 626 2973 [email protected] EIA consultant: Pöyry Finland Oy EIA project manager Karoliina Jaatinen [email protected] Tel. +358 40 660 4407 www.poyry.fi Publisher: Finest Bay Area Development Oy Layout: Ed Publishing&Marketing/Stil&form Maps used in the figures: Base maps from the National Land Survey of Finland, open data 2018, unless stated otherwise. 3 Finest Bay Area Development Oy Finest Bay Area - Railway tunnel between Finland and Estonia TABLE OF CONTENTS Contact Information And Availability For Public Viewing ..............................................3 Table Of Contents ..............................................................................4 Summary .....................................................................................9 EIA Workgroup ................................................................................25 Terms And Abbreviations .......................................................................28 1 Introduction ...............................................................................30 2 Project Description And Alternatives Being Considered ..........................................32 2.1 Project Developer and background and purpose of the project .......................................................................32 2.2 Project location and alternatives being considered ..........................................................................................32 2.2.1 Project scope ........................................................................................................................................32 2.2.2 Project alternatives in Finland (ALT1a, ALT1b and ALT2) .....................................................................32 2.2.3 Zero alternative in Finland (ALT0+) .......................................................................................................35 2.3 Project design stage and schedule ...................................................................................................................36 2.3.1 Finland ..................................................................................................................................................36 2.3.2 Estonia ..................................................................................................................................................36 2.4 Interfaces with other projects ...........................................................................................................................37 3 EIA procedure .............................................................................38 3.1 International EIA procedure ..............................................................................................................................38 3.1.1 Espoo Convention ................................................................................................................................38 3.1.2 Bilateral agreement between Estonia and Finland ...............................................................................38 3.2 EIA procedure in Finland ...................................................................................................................................40 3.2.1 Goal and contents of the EIA procedure ..............................................................................................40 3.2.2 Need for an EIA procedure ...................................................................................................................43 3.2.3 Parties to the EIA procedure.................................................................................................................44 3.2.4 Participation, interaction and communication ......................................................................................45 3.3 EIA procedure in Estonia ...................................................................................................................................47 3.4 Zoning procedure ..............................................................................................................................................51 3.4.1 Zoning procedure in Finland .................................................................................................................51 3.4.2 Zoning procedure in Estonia ................................................................................................................51 4 3.5 Consolidation of the different procedures in Finland and Estonia ....................................................................52 3.5.1 Zoning and strategic EIA ......................................................................................................................55 3.5.2 EIA procedure .......................................................................................................................................55 4 Technical description .......................................................................56 4.1 Tunnel routes .....................................................................................................................................................56 4.1.1 Railway tunnels .....................................................................................................................................56 4.1.2 Station solutions ...................................................................................................................................58 4.1.3 Gauge ...................................................................................................................................................59 4.1.4 Rescue safety .......................................................................................................................................59 4.2 Design basis ......................................................................................................................................................61 4.2.1 Track design .........................................................................................................................................61 4.2.2 Description of the TBM method ...........................................................................................................61 4.3 Preparatory work...............................................................................................................................................63 4.3.1 Removal of unexploded ordnances ......................................................................................................63 4.3.2 Tunnel excavation ................................................................................................................................63 4.4 Project logistics .................................................................................................................................................64 4.5 Track construction ............................................................................................................................................68 4.6 Utilisation of crushed stone ..............................................................................................................................68 4.7 Artificial island ...................................................................................................................................................69 4.7.1 Preliminary analysis for the location of the artificial island ...................................................................69 4.7.2 Construction of the artificial island .......................................................................................................71 4.8 Waste generated during construction ...............................................................................................................73 4.9 Infrastructure crossings ....................................................................................................................................73
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