SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS. 288
THE
CONSTANTS OF NATURE.
SPECIFIC GRAVITIES, BOILING POINTS, AND MELTING POINTS.
FIEST SUPPLEMENT TO PART I.
COMPILED BY
FRANK WIGGLESWORTH CLARKE, S. B.
PROFESSOR OF CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI.
WASHINGTON, D. C: PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.
APRIL: 1S7 6. ADVERTISEMENT.
The following is a first supplement to Part I. of a general work on the "Constants of Nature," gratuitously prepared for the Smithsonian Institu- tion by Professor F. W. Clarke, and published at the expense of its fund.
Part I., on Specific Gravities, Boiling Points and Melting Points, was published in 1873, since which time the new determinations have been made and collected which form this supplement. JOSEPH HENRY,
Secrt tary Smithsonian Institution. Washington, April, 1S76. ———————————
CONTENTS.
PAGE. 1.—Preface 4
2.—Tables of Specific Gravity, Boiling Point and Melting Point. . . 5
I.—Elementary Substances 5
II. Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides, and Iodides 9
III. Oxides' and Sulphides 13
IV. Hydrates 14
V.—Chlorates and Bromates 15
VI.—DlTHIONATES AND SULPHATES 16
VII. Selenates and Chromates IS
VIII. Nitrates, Vanadates, Arsenates, and Phosphates 19
IX. Carbonates 20
X.—SlLICOFLUORIDES 21 XL Miscellaneous Inorganic Compounds 21
XII. Metallic Alloys 22
XIII. Hydrocarbons 23
XIV. Compounds containing C, H, and 28
XV. Compounds containing C, H, and N. : . 37
XVI. Compounds containing C, H, N, and 37
XVII. Metallic Salts of Organic Acids 39
XVIII. Compounds containing C, H, and CI -11
XIX. Compounds containing C, H, O, and CI 43
'- 45 XX.—Compounds containing C, H, CI, N, or C, H, CI, N. 0. . . . .
XXI. Organic Compounds containing Bromine 46
XXII. Organic Compounds containing Iodine 49
XXIII. Organic Compounds containing Sulphur 50
XXIV. Miscellaneous Organic Compounds 53
3 —
PREFACE.
The following supplement to Part I of the Constants of Nature, eon- tains, in addition to determinations published during the past two years, some materials which were overlooked in compiling the original work. In it data are given for nearly seven hundred substances, of which at least four hundred are new since the publication of Part I.
Of course the compiler is anxious that his work should be as thorough as possible, and hence he will be greatly obliged to any person calling his attention to errors or omissions. He would also request investigators having unpublished determinations on hand to favor him with copies of them for use in subsequent supplements or editions. Such material is always wortti saving, even when it is not of sufficient value to warrant publishing lnT itself. Few explanations are needed in this supplement. The arrangement and abbreviations are the same which were originally used, with the excep- tion of a very few new titles for periodicals. These are abbreviated as follows :
B. D. C. G. "Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft."
B. II. A. S. F. "Bulletin Hebdomadaire de l'Association Scientillque de France."
C. C. or C. Cent. "Chemisches Centralblatt." All references to this
periodical apply only to the third or current series.
Fortsch. d. Phys. " Fortschritte der Physik."
F. W. C.
Cincinnati, March 9, 1876. SUPPLEMENT
TO
TABLES OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY, BOILING POINT
AND MELTING POINT.
I. Elementary Substances.
Name. - "
: : "_
:
: - -
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- - j
3.
:
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:._-_ - " - -
• - ~ - " " mefefoer- 7 *a 7 a
eba P- --
n»fMw : i - "Sagrs Kan. C.3T. 3L I ATTTT TAB, RITEES i& B. - ' - " R. 78. . Pis - p. c. g. ; I s Dev M. - B. 7-482 - - ; _ P. c . I " :ihold. P. A ' - B. F P 7 275 p. c. - ; - B. P 7. 482 p. c. g. - ; SPECIFIC GRA YITY TABLES. Name. SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. II. Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides, and Iodides. Name. 10 SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. Name. SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. 11 Name. 12 SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. SPECIFIC OKA YITY TABLES. 13 Boiling Melting Name. Formula. Specific Gravity. Point. Point. 1 I Ammonium platiniodide A"m 2 Pt 6 4.610. 2 « Manganese MnPtI6.9H20. 3.604. 3 « Iron FePtI6.9H2 0. 3-455- 4 « 3-6i8. Cobalt CoPtI 6 .9H 2 0. 5 « « CoPtI6.12H20. 3.048. 6 « Nickel NiPtI 6 .6H 2 0. 3-976. 7 III. Oxides and Sulphides. Name. 14 SPECIFIC GRA VITY TABLES. Name. SPECIFIC GBA VITY TABLES. 15 Name. 16 SPECIFIC GRA VITY TABLES. VI. DlTHIONATES AND SULPHATES. Name. SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. 17 Name. 18 SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. VII. Selenates and Cheomates. Name. SPECIFIC GRA VITY TABLES. 19 Name. 20 SPECIFIC GRA VITY TABLES. Name. SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. 21 X. SlLICOFLUORIDES. Name. 22 SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. Name. SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. 23 XIII. Hydrocarbons. Name. 24 SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. Name. SPECIFIC GRA VITY TABLES. Name. 2G SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. Name. « SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. 27 Boiling Formula. Specific Gravity Name. Point. J Terebenthene. '•-''in -tlifi- 8767. o . 8601. 20°. 40°. .8436. 6°- i 5 S . .8270. 60°. .8105. 8o°. •7939- IOO°. 7 Isoterebenthene. .8586. o°. .8427. 20°.28. .8273. 4o°.i 9 . .8131. 58°-32. .7964. •7793- 13 From cubeb oil. C15 H 21 . .9289. 14 « clove. « .905. 15 « calamus •942. 16 Oil of cedar. .9231. 17 « santal wood. .9190. 18 « vitivert. .9332. 19 Petrolene. S953- .8921. 22 Poplar oil. C H .9002. 20 3 23 Tetraterebenthene. C, n PL 977- 24 Isopropyl acetylene. C5 H g . .652. n°. 25 1 8°. Dipropargyl. C6 H 6 . .81. 26 . o°. Hexhydroisoxylol. C8 H 16 Ill- 9°- "Tetramethyl allene. C H . •95*3- 7 12 28 Tolyl phenyl. 1 .01 5. 27 . 29 . l8°.9. Benzyl ethyl benzol. C 15 H 1B .985. 30 Phenanthrene tetrahy- dride. . 1.067. IO°.2. C 14 Hu 28 SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. B ° ilin Melting Name. Formula. Specific Gravity g J Point. Point. 1 . 283°-286°. Phenyl xylene. CX4 Hu 2 1 From benzyl toluol. C21 H 20 . .049. 392°-396°. 3 « . phenylbromethyl. C15 H 16 .98. 278°-28o°. 4 « calamus oil. .8793. o° i58°-i59°- 5 n-1« -M-ia. 1. 08-1. Eetene. 1 3. 98^.5. XIV. Compounds Containing C, H, and O. Name. SPECIFIC GRA VITY TABLES. 29 Name. 30 SPECIFIC GnA YITY TABLES. Name. SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. 31 Name. 32 SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABIES. Name. SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. 33 Name. 34 SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABIES SPECIFIC GRA VITY TABLES. 35 AUTHORITIES. 1 36 SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. Name. SPECIFIC GRA VITY TABLES. XV. Compounds Containing C. H. and N. Name. 38 SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. Name. SPECIFIC GllA YITY TABLES. 39 XVII. Metallic Salts of Organic Acids. Name. 40 SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. Name. SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. 41 XVIII. Compounds Containing C. H. and Cl. Name. 42 SPECIFIC GEA VITY TABLES. Name. SPECIFIC GEA VITY TABLES. 43 XIX. Compounds Containing C. H. O. and Cl. Name. 44 SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. Name. SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. 43 XX. Compounds Containing C. H. CI. K; or C. H. CI. N. O. Name. J 46 SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. XXI. Organic Compounds Containing Bromine. _. ... _, . . Melt. Name. Formula. Specific Gravity. Boiling Point. poim> Ethyl bromide. C, Hs Br. 1.4775. 5-io- I 14679- io°-i5°. 1.4582. I5°-20°. j I.385. I5°.l Two 33°-39°- J -" J }• different 1.47- 15°- J samples. 33 .5-39°-5- 6 Butyl ene « C H Br . 1.8503. O . 4 8 2 i64°-i65°. « I.8204. 2 ° C . o°. i7o°-i75°. Amylene « C5 H 10 Br2 1.3443. 1.7087. 178 . « 1.6868. I4°- 11 . o°. Hexylene « C6 H 12 Br2 1.6058. i 9 5°-i97 . « 1.5809. 19 « 1.6497. 0°. i8o°-i90°. 14 Dibromome- thane. C H Br . 2.0844. n°-5. 8o°-82°. 2 2 15 Bromo-cthylene 6°. bromide. C 2 H 3 Br3 . 2.624. 1 191 . 16 « « « 2.65. o°. i84°-i85°. 17 Bromo-propy- a. Br. i °.5. . lene, C3 H 5 1.364. 9 48 18 « « /?. (i 1.428. I9°.5. |59°-5-6o. 19 Bromo-/? propy- 8°. . 1 lene bromide. C3 H5 Br3 2.356. AUTHORITIES. 1 SPECIFIC GRA VITY TABLES. 47 Name. 48 SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. Name. SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. 49 Melt. Formula. Specific Gravity. Boiling Point. Name. Point. 1 Carbon chloro- bromide. C Cl„ Br. .058. o°. 1 IO4 . 2 « « « .842. IOO°.J 3 « 8°. c Propylene C3 H 6 CI Br. 1.63. I I40°-I4i 21°. 93°-95°. 1.474. 1[ Four 9 I.60. 20 . no . r 120°. XXII. Organic Compounds Containing Iodine. Name. 50 SPECIFIC GRA YITY TABLES. Name. SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. 51 Name. J SPECIFIC GRA VITY TABLES. Boiling Melting Name. Formula. Specific Gravity. Point. Point. 1 Ethyl isosulpho cyanide. C,H,NS I.OI913. I 1.019375. .997525. 2I°4. 133-2. .997235. 22°. .87909. \ I33-2- •3735J3- 'Isopropyl sulpho- i 2 -i53°. cyanide. C H N S. .989. O . 5 4 7 8 5°. « « « •974- 1 9 I97°-I98°. Hexyl « C H N S. -9 2 53- 7 13 10 Amyl isosulpho- 0°. cyanide. C6 Hn N S. .957538- 1S2 . (i .94189. 17 . <( .78749. 1 82 . 13 Allyl sulphocy- 1 .07 1. o°. I48°-I49°. anide. C4 H 3 N S. " « « « 1.056. 15°. 15 Phenyl « S. 1. I7°.5. . C7 H 5 N 155. 231 16 « 1. . I3i°-i32°. Acetyl C3 H 3 N S. 151. 16 17 Benzoyl « S. 1. 16°. 200r205'invacuo C8 H 5 O N 197. 18 Monochlorallyl 12°. sulphocyanide. C H CI N S. 1.27. 185 . 4 4 ,9 Perchloromethyl . I.712. . mercaptan. C S Cl 4 I2°.8. I46.5-I4S 20 Carlionyl sulphe- 6°. 36°- thvl chloride. C, H, CI S 0. 1. 184. 1 1 AUTHORITIES. 1 SPECIFIC GRA VITY TABLES. 53 XXIV. Miscellaneous Organic Compounds. Name. 54 SPECIFIC GRAVITY TABLES. Name. . ALPHABETICAL INDEX TO SUBSTANCES. A. Page. PAGE. Ammonium. Arsenate . 20 PAGE. Amyl. Chloride . . 41 " Chloride. 9 ' Absinthol . . . .36 Hydride. . . 23 " Dithionate 16 " Acetaiiilide, Deriv. of . 45 Iodide . 49 " Nitrate . 20 " Nitrite Acetic acid . . . .30 ... 37 " Palladio- " Acetocinnamone . . 34 Sebate . . 32 chloride . 10 " Acetone . . . .31 Sulphocyanide . 52 " Phosphate 20 Acetophenone alcohol 34 Amylene. Bromide . 46 " Platinbro- Acetyl chloral alcoholate 43 Glycol . 31,32 mide . 12 Acetylene. Bromide . 47 Hydrate . 29 " Platinchlo- " Diiodide . 50 Hydriodate . 49 ride . 11 " Acetyl sulphocyanide . 52 Hydrochlorate 41 " Platiniodide 13 Acetyl thymol ... 36 Anethol . . . .34 " Acid. Acetic ... 30 Selenate . 18 Anhydride. Propionic 30 " Silicofluor- Caproic . . .30 Anhydrite . . . .16 ide . . 21 Carbolic. Antimony. Bromide . 11 See Phenol 34, 35 Stannobro- Chloride . 10 . " Cyanuric 38 mide 12 Sulphide . 14 Hypophosphorous 15 Stannofiu - Antimony and Ammon- Isononylic . 30 oride . 9 ium tartrate . . 39 Metanitrobenzoic as Ammonium and Cadmi- Arragonite .... 20 CEnanthic . 30 um selenate . . 19 Arsenic. Fluoride . 9 Orthonitrobenzoic 38 Ammonium and Cobalt Disulphide . 14 Paran i t roben zoic 38 selenate ... 18 Assmannite ... 13 Phosphoric 15 Ammonium and Copper Phosphorous 15 selenate ... 19 Pyroterebic 33 Ammonium and Hydro- II . . 18 Selenious . gen selenate B. Silicic. Ammonium and Iron se- See Silicon diox- lenate .... 18 Barite 16 ide . . .13, 14 Ammonium and Mag- Barium .... 6 " " Sulphuric . . 14 nesium selenate . 19 Bromate . . 15 " " Tantalic . . 14 Ammonium and Man- Chloride . . 10 " " . Trimethylacetic . 30 ganese selenate . 18 Dithionate 16 " " . . Valeric . . 30 Ammonium and Nickel Formate 39 Alcohol 28 selenate .... 19 Nitrate . . 20 " Aldehyde. ... 31 Ammonium and Zinc Nitrophenates 39, 40 " . 10 Aldol 33 selenate ... 19 Picrate . " Alloys .... 22 Ammonium and Ferric Platinbromide 12 " Allyl. Bibromopropion- sulphate ... 17 Platinchloride . 11 " Sulphate . . 16 » ate. ... 48 Ammonium and Anti- and Cadmium Sulphocyanide 52 mony tartrate. . 39 Barium Allylene. bromide . . . 11 Chlorides . . 42 Ammonium chloride Alums .... 17 with Ammonium fer- Barium and Cadmium Alumina chloride . . . 11 . . . .13 rocyanide ... 21 and Zinc chlor- Aluminum. Oxide . 13 Ammonium tartar emetic 39 Barium ride 11 Aluminum propyl . . 54 Amyl. Acetate . . 30 .... . . . .23,24 Ammonia iron alum . 17 Alcohol ... 28 Benzol 55 56 ALPHABETICAL INDEX. Benzophenone chloride . ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 57 PAGE. 58 ALPHABETICAL INDEX. Lead. Sulphate . . 16 " 1-1 Sulphide . . Leucine .... 3S Lithium. Dithionate . 16 Selenate . 18 " Silicofluoride 21 M. Magnesia. . . . ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 59 PAGE. PAGE Sodium Pinacolic iodide . . 49 Platinum and Orthobroniotoluol . 47 12 45 Pinacolin 34 iodide .... Orthochloraniline ...... Platinum 7 Platinum and Zinc iod- Orthochloriodobenzol . 50 .... Platinum and Amnionic ide 13 Orthonitrobenzoic acid . 38 oil 27 urn bromide . . 12 Poplar ... Oxethenaniline . . 38 Platinum and Barium Potassium 5 " Arsenate . 20 bromide . . 1- " Platinum and Cobalt Bromate . 15 " bromide ... 12 Carbonate . 20 " P. Platinum and Lead Chlorate . 15 " Chloride . 9 bromide . . .12 Palladium " .... Magnesi- Chromates . 19 " Platinum and Hydride . " Cobalticya- um bromide . . 12 Palladium and Ammo- Platinum and Manga- nide cbloride " nium Dithionate . nese bromide . . 12 Palladium and Magne- " Platinum and Nickel Iodide sium cbloride . " bromide ... 12 Manganicya- Palladium and Nickel Platinum and Potassium nide . cbloride " Niobofluoride bromide . . .12 and Potassi- Palladium Platinum and Sodium " Nitrate um chloride " bromide ... 12 Nitrophen- Palladium and Zinc Platinum and Strontium ates . 39, 40 chloride " Palladiochlo- bromide . . .12 Paradichloraldehyde . Platinum and Zinc bro- ride . Paranitrobenzoic acid . " mide .... 12 Picrate Parsnip oil Platinum and Ammoni- •' Platinbrom- 4.°, Pentachlorinated ether . ide um chloride . . 11 Perchlorethylene . 10 Platinum and Barium " Platiniodide Perchloro - methyl mer- " chloride ... 11 Selenate captan 52 .... Platinum and Cadmium " Stannobrom- 27 Petrolene .... ide chloride . . . .11 Phenanthrene tetrahy- Platinum and Copper " Stannofluo- dride .... 27 chloride ... 11 ride Phenol . . . -34, 35 «' Platinum and Iron chlo- Sulphate Pbenyl. Sulphocyanide 52 " ride 11 Tantalofluo- Phenylacetic nitrile 37 Platinum and Lead chlo- ride . Phenylacetone 34 " ride 11 Titanofluo- Phenylbromethyl. .... Platinum and Magnesi- ride . Deriv. of 28 " Triacetate . um chloride . . 11 Phenylbutyl . 26 " Platinum and Manga- Zircofluoride 34 Phenylethyl acetate Potassium and Cadmium nese chloride . . 11 Phenylisobutyl 26 Platinum and Sodium selenate Phenylpropyl. Alcohol Ml Potassium and Cobalt " chloride. . . .11 Ketone . 34 Platinum and Thorium selenate Phenylxylene . 28 cyanide ... 21 Potassium aud Copper Phlorylethyl ether . 34 and Ammoni- selenate Phosphenyl. Chloride 53 Platinum " Oxychlor- um iodide . . -13 Potassium and Magne- and Cobalt ide 53 Platinum sium selenate iodide . . . 13 Phosphoric acid . 15 Potassium and Manga- Platinum and Iron iod- Phosphorous " 15 nese selenate . 13 7 ide Phosphorus. . Potassium and Nickel " Platinum and Magnesi- Chloride. ID selenate iodide 13 " Oxychloride 11 um ... Manga- Potassium and Sodium " Sulphobrom- Platinum and selenate nese iodide . . .13 ide 12 Potassium and Zinc se- " Sulphochlor- Platinum and Nickel 13 lenate . ide 11 iodide .... and Calcium PinacoUc alcohol 34 Platinum and Potassium Potassium sulphate . Pinacolic chloride 42 iodide .... 12 33 60 ALPHABETHICAL INDEX. PAGE. Potassium and Cobalt s. T. sulphate . . . 17 Potassium and Iron sul- PAGE. Santal wood oil . phate 17 . . 27 Tantalic acid .... . 14 Potassium and Magne- Sapphire .... 13 Tantalum and Potassi Selenious sium sulphate . . 17 acid 14 um fluoride ... . . 9 Potassium and Manga- Selenium Terebene 6 ...... 26 nese sulphate . . 17 Silico or Silicic acid. Terebenthene . . 27 Potassium and Nickel See Silicon dioxide Tetrachlorinated 13, 14 ether . 43 sulphate . .17 Silicofluorides Tetramethylallene . 27 Potassium selenate with Silicon. Chloride . Tetramethylbenzol . . 26 Nickel sulphate . 21 " Dioxide . IS Tetraterebenthene . 27 Propargyl. Acetate . 34 Thorium. Siliconphenyltriethyl . Platinocyan- Bromides 47 Deriv. of ide . . 21 " Chloride . 42 Selenate . Silicontriethyl oxide . 18 Propionic anhydride . 30 Silver 5 Sulphate . 17 Propyl. Alcohol . . 28 " Ammoniochrom- Thymol .... ;;:, " Bibromopropi- Tin ate 19 s " onate . . 48 . " Ammonioselen Chloride . .10 " " Borate . . 53 Dioxide . 14 ate . 19 ... " Carbonate . 32 " " Chlorate 1.". Phosphates . . 22 Nitrite . . 37 " Chromate Tin and Ammonium . 19 " Oxalate . . 32 " Dithionate 16 bromide ... 12 Phenate . . 34 " Tin and Potassium Iodide . 12 bro- " Salicylate . .33' " Nitrophenatcs 39, 10 mide . . . .12 Silicate . . 53 " Picrate 40 Tin and Ammonium Propylene. Chloride . 41 Silver and Iron ammo- fluoride ... 9 Chlorobrom- niocyanide . 21 Tin and Cobalt fluoride 9 ide . 49 Sodium Tin and Manganese fluo- " .... 5 Diacetate . 32 " ride Carbonate . 20 9 Diamine . 37 Tin and Potassium fluo- " Chloride . 9 Glycol . . 31 " ride Dithionate . ir. .... 9 Propylglycol chlorhy- Tin Propyl Hydride . 22 . . . .54 drin . 44 " Nitrate 19 Tinstone .... 14 Propylidene chloride . 41 " Platinbromide 12 Tintributy] iodide . . 54 Propyl silicic chlorhy- " Titanium. Chloride . 10 Platinchloride . 11 drins .... 53 " Titanium Platiniodide . 12 and Copper Pucherite . . . .20 " Selenate 18 fluoride .... 9 Pyrite .... 14 " Titanium and Potassium Sulphate . 1G Pyrophosphoric chloride 11 " fluoride 9 Triacetate . 39 ... Pyroterebic acid . . 33 Sodium and Potassium Toluidine . . . .37 selenate 18 Toluol . . . . 24 Tolyl Stanntetrapropy] Til phenyl ... 27 Trichloracetonitrile . 4.5 Stanntributyl iodide . 54 Trichlorotoluol . . . Stibnite .... 14 42 Strontium. Tridymite 14 Q. Promote . 15 ... Chloride 10 Trimethylacetic acid . 30 Trin it roglycerine . Quartz 13 Dithionate 16 37 Fluoride 9 Tropaeoluin niajus. Oil of 37 Formate . 39 Platinbrom- ide Sulphate . Sugar V. Sulphur . Valeric acid . . .30 Realgar 14 " Bromide Valerylene. CI deriv. of 44 Retene .... 28 Chloride Vanadium wagnerite . 22 Ruby 13 Sulphuric acid . Vinyl iodide ... 50 Ruthenium tetroxide . 13 Syngenite Vitivert oil ... 'X ALPHABETICAL INDEX. Gl X. Zinc. Dithionate PAGE. Xanthogenic ether . 51 Iso- mer of 51 z. Zinc. Zinc: Bromate Chloride