The Alt-Right's Platformization of Fascism and a New Left's Digital
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A Measurement Study of Genetic Testing Conversations on Reddit and 4Chan
Proceedings of the Fourteenth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM 2020) “And We Will Fight for Our Race!” A Measurement Study of Genetic Testing Conversations on Reddit and 4chan Alexandros Mittos, Savvas Zannettou,† Jeremy Blackburn,‡ Emiliano De Cristofaro University College London, †Max-Planck-Institut fur¨ Informatik, ‡Binghamton University {a.mittos, e.decristofaro}@ucl.ac.uk, [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Alas, increased popularity of self-administered genetic tests has also been accompanied by media reports of far-right Progress in genomics has enabled the emergence of a boom- ing market for “direct-to-consumer” genetic testing. Nowa- groups using it to attack minorities or prove their genetic days, companies like 23andMe and AncestryDNA provide af- “purity” (Reeve 2016), mirroring concerns of a new wave of fordable health, genealogy, and ancestry reports, and have al- scientific racism (Reich 2018). Also, statements from Don- ready tested tens of millions of customers. At the same time, ald Trump led Senator Warren to publicly confirm her Native alt- and far-right groups have also taken an interest in genetic American ancestry via genetic testing (Linskey 2018). testing, using them to attack minorities and prove their ge- Interest in DTC genetic testing by right-wing communi- netic “purity.” In this paper, we present a measurement study ties comes at a time when racism, hate, and antisemitism on shedding light on how genetic testing is being discussed on platforms like 4chan, Gab, and certain communities on Red- Web communities in Reddit and 4chan. We collect 1.3M comments posted over 27 months on the two platforms, us- dit is on the rise (Hine et al. -
Unlikely Hegemons
sponding to this. Employment, as wage labour, ne- Stiegler’s critique of automation is inarguably cessarily implies proletarianisation and alienation, dialectical and, in its mobilisation of the pharmakon, whereas for Marx, ‘work can be fulflling only if it impeccably Derridean. Yet it leaves unanswered – ceases to be wage labour and becomes free.’ The de- for the moment at least, pending a second volume – fence of employment on the part of the left and la- the question of the means through which the trans- bour unions is then castigated as a regressive posi- ition from employment to work might be effected. tion that, while seeking to secure the ‘right to work’, This would surely require not only the powers of in- only shores up capitalism through its calls for the dividual thought, knowledge, refection and critique maintenance of wage labour. Contrariwise, automa- that Stiegler himself affrms and demonstrates in tion has the potential to fnally release the subject Automatic Society, but also their collective practice from the alienation of wage labour so as to engage and mobilisation. What is also passed over in Stie- in unalienated work, properly understood as the pur- gler’s longer term perspectives is the issue of how suit, practice and enjoyment of knowledge. What such collective practices, such as already exist, are currently stands in the way of the realisation of ful- to respond to the more immediate and contempor- flling work, aside from an outmoded defense of em- ary effects of automation, if not through the direct ployment, Stiegler notes, is the capture of the ‘free contestation of the conditions and terms of employ- time’ released from employment in consumption, ment and unemployment. -
The Changing Face of American White Supremacy Our Mission: to Stop the Defamation of the Jewish People and to Secure Justice and Fair Treatment for All
A report from the Center on Extremism 09 18 New Hate and Old: The Changing Face of American White Supremacy Our Mission: To stop the defamation of the Jewish people and to secure justice and fair treatment for all. ABOUT T H E CENTER ON EXTREMISM The ADL Center on Extremism (COE) is one of the world’s foremost authorities ADL (Anti-Defamation on extremism, terrorism, anti-Semitism and all forms of hate. For decades, League) fights anti-Semitism COE’s staff of seasoned investigators, analysts and researchers have tracked and promotes justice for all. extremist activity and hate in the U.S. and abroad – online and on the ground. The staff, which represent a combined total of substantially more than 100 Join ADL to give a voice to years of experience in this arena, routinely assist law enforcement with those without one and to extremist-related investigations, provide tech companies with critical data protect our civil rights. and expertise, and respond to wide-ranging media requests. Learn more: adl.org As ADL’s research and investigative arm, COE is a clearinghouse of real-time information about extremism and hate of all types. COE staff regularly serve as expert witnesses, provide congressional testimony and speak to national and international conference audiences about the threats posed by extremism and anti-Semitism. You can find the full complement of COE’s research and publications at ADL.org. Cover: White supremacists exchange insults with counter-protesters as they attempt to guard the entrance to Emancipation Park during the ‘Unite the Right’ rally August 12, 2017 in Charlottesville, Virginia. -
1616580050.Pdf
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ СОДЕРЖАНИЕ СОДЕРЖАНИЕ 2 ВВЕДЕНИЕ 3 СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ МЕДИА НА ВЫБОРАХ: НАЧАЛО ДЛИННОГО ПУТИ 4 Становление политических интернет-технологий 1996–2016 4 2016: интернет побеждает телевизор. Феномен Дональда Трампа 5 ПОЛОЖЕНИЕ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ МЕДИА К СТАРТУ КАМПАНИИ-2020 8 ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ НОВЫХ ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ В ХОДЕ ПРЕЗИДЕНТСКОЙ ГОНКИ 10 Цифровая стратегия демократов на выборах-2020. «Барометр» 10 Цифровая стратегия Трампа на выборах-2020. Роботизация таргетинга 14 Полевая работа в условиях эпидемии 18 Растущая популярность мобильных приложений 19 Фандрайзинг 22 Предвыборный дискурс и цензура 25 TikTok. Фактор новых соцмедиа в политической агитации 27 КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ ВЫВОДЫ 31 СПИСОК ИСТОЧНИКОВ 32 2 ВВЕДЕНИЕ ВВЕДЕНИЕ Выборы 2020 года в США прошли в самых не- В этом докладе не ставится цель проследить обычных условиях из всех возможных – на фоне хронологию президентской гонки в США и не вы- глобальной пандемии, самого тяжёлого экономи- сказываются оценочные суждения о результатах ческого кризиса за более чем 80 лет и наиболее прошедших выборов. Он посвящён анализу того массовых уличных протестов за последние 50 лет. инструментария, что использовался в ходе пред- Политтехнологам приходится на ходу подстра- выборной борьбы. иваться под эти неожиданные обстоятельства, В самом ближайшем будущем эти технологии адаптируясь к новой реальности. Уже давно про- станут активно использоваться во всём мире. Сле- должающаяся цифровизация современной поли- дует внимательно изучить цифровые тренды в тики лишь ускорилась. планировании и проведении предвыборных кам- На фоне кризиса традиционных медиа и соцсе- паний, агитации, полевой работы и уличной ак- тей появляются альтернативные площадки, на- тивности, которые на деле показали себя в США. бирающие стремительную популярность. Пред- выборная активность уходит в онлайн, где проще и дешевле проводить виртуальные митинги, со- брания сторонников и заниматься мобилизацией избирателей. -
Cancel Culture: Posthuman Hauntologies in Digital Rhetoric and the Latent Values of Virtual Community Networks
CANCEL CULTURE: POSTHUMAN HAUNTOLOGIES IN DIGITAL RHETORIC AND THE LATENT VALUES OF VIRTUAL COMMUNITY NETWORKS By Austin Michael Hooks Heather Palmer Rik Hunter Associate Professor of English Associate Professor of English (Chair) (Committee Member) Matthew Guy Associate Professor of English (Committee Member) CANCEL CULTURE: POSTHUMAN HAUNTOLOGIES IN DIGITAL RHETORIC AND THE LATENT VALUES OF VIRTUAL COMMUNITY NETWORKS By Austin Michael Hooks A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Degree of Master of English The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Chattanooga, Tennessee August 2020 ii Copyright © 2020 By Austin Michael Hooks All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT This study explores how modern epideictic practices enact latent community values by analyzing modern call-out culture, a form of public shaming that aims to hold individuals responsible for perceived politically incorrect behavior via social media, and cancel culture, a boycott of such behavior and a variant of call-out culture. As a result, this thesis is mainly concerned with the capacity of words, iterated within the archive of social media, to haunt us— both culturally and informatically. Through hauntology, this study hopes to understand a modern discourse community that is bound by an epideictic framework that specializes in the deconstruction of the individual’s ethos via the constant demonization and incitement of past, current, and possible social media expressions. The primary goal of this study is to understand how these practices function within a capitalistic framework and mirror the performativity of capital by reducing affective human interactions to that of a transaction. -
Arxiv:2001.07600V5 [Cs.CY] 8 Apr 2021 Leged Crisis (Lilly 2016)
The Evolution of the Manosphere Across the Web* Manoel Horta Ribeiro,♠;∗ Jeremy Blackburn,4 Barry Bradlyn,} Emiliano De Cristofaro,r Gianluca Stringhini,| Summer Long,} Stephanie Greenberg,} Savvas Zannettou~;∗ EPFL, Binghamton University, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign University♠ College4 London, Boston} University, Max Planck Institute for Informatics r Corresponding authors: manoel.hortaribeiro@epfl.ch,| ~ [email protected] ∗ Abstract However, Manosphere communities are scattered through the Web in a loosely connected network of subreddits, blogs, We present a large-scale characterization of the Manosphere, YouTube channels, and forums (Lewis 2019). Consequently, a conglomerate of Web-based misogynist movements focused we still lack a comprehensive understanding of the underly- on “men’s issues,” which has prospered online. Analyzing 28.8M posts from 6 forums and 51 subreddits, we paint a ing digital ecosystem, of the evolution of the different com- comprehensive picture of its evolution across the Web, show- munities, and of the interactions among them. ing the links between its different communities over the years. Present Work. In this paper, we present a multi-platform We find that milder and older communities, such as Pick longitudinal study of the Manosphere on the Web, aiming to Up Artists and Men’s Rights Activists, are giving way to address three main research questions: more extreme ones like Incels and Men Going Their Own Way, with a substantial migration of active users. Moreover, RQ1: How has the popularity/levels of activity of the dif- our analysis suggests that these newer communities are more ferent Manosphere communities evolved over time? toxic and misogynistic than the older ones. -
Alternative Media As Activist Media
Stream: Culture/Politics/Technology, 7(1), 23-33 http://journals.sfu.ca/stream Rising Above: Alternative Media as Activist Media Benjamin Anderson School of Communication Simon Fraser University Abstract This paper asserts that truly activist media must be dually committed to critical education and to political action. Whereas my previous work has focused on the need for activist media to challenge media power from within, it is my goal here to build a model of activist media characterized by di- rect action through engagement in critical education and activism in both content and production. Such a model will provide insight both into the limitations of previous research on the oppositional potential of alternative media and into the challenge facing alternative media scholars and practi- tioners alike – that of rising above the noise of the dominant media of the cultural industry in order to communicate for radical social change. Keywords Alternative media, activist media, critical theory Introduction “[God] could alter even the past, unmake what had really happened, and make real what had never happened. As we can see, in the case of enlightened newspaper edi- tors, God is not needed for this task; a bureaucrat is all that is reQuired.” -Walter Benjamin, Journalism Today's culture industry both shapes and reinforces the social totality. In contemporary media we see the limits of accepted reason, wherein the status Quo imposes itself as the one and only reality, the limits of human action and the culmination of a unified, linear history of human progress (Horkheimer & Adorno 2002). Just as the capitalist order enjoys the uncanny ability to co-opt dissi- dence and resistance, so too does the culture industry reappropriate creative resistance – in the commercialization of radical resources, the mass mediated smearing of radical voices, and the ab- sorption (or dissolution) of alternative media channels through economic strangulation. -
Von Influencer*Innen Lernen Youtube & Co
STUDIEN MARIUS LIEDTKE UND DANIEL MARWECKI VON INFLUENCER*INNEN LERNEN YOUTUBE & CO. ALS SPIELFELDER LINKER POLITIK UND BILDUNGSARBEIT MARIUS LIEDTKE UND DANIEL MARWECKI VON INFLUENCER*INNEN LERNEN YOUTUBE & CO. ALS SPIELFELDER LINKER POLITIK UND BILDUNGSARBEIT Studie im Auftrag der Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung MARIUS LIEDTKE arbeitet in Berlin als freier Medienschaffender und Redakteur. Außerdem beendet er aktuell sein Master-Studium der Soziokulturellen Studien an der Europa-Universität Viadrina in Frankfurt (Oder). In seiner Abschlussarbeit setzt er die Forschung zu linken politischen Influencer*innen auf YouTube fort. DANIEL MARWECKI ist Dozent für Internationale Politik und Geschichte an der University of Leeds. Dazu nimmt er Lehraufträge an der SOAS University of London wahr, wo er auch 2018 promovierte. Er mag keinen akademi- schen Jargon, sondern progressives Wissen für alle. IMPRESSUM STUDIEN 7/2019, 1. Auflage wird herausgegeben von der Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung V. i. S. d. P.: Henning Heine Franz-Mehring-Platz 1 · 10243 Berlin · www.rosalux.de ISSN 2194-2242 · Redaktionsschluss: November 2019 Illustration Titelseite: Frank Ramspott/iStockphoto Lektorat: TEXT-ARBEIT, Berlin Layout/Herstellung: MediaService GmbH Druck und Kommunikation Gedruckt auf Circleoffset Premium White, 100 % Recycling Inhalt INHALT Vorwort. 4 Zusammenfassung. 5 Einleitung ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 6 Teil 1 Das Potenzial von YouTube -
What Is Gab? a Bastion of Free Speech Or an Alt-Right Echo Chamber?
What is Gab? A Bastion of Free Speech or an Alt-Right Echo Chamber? Savvas Zannettou Barry Bradlyn Emiliano De Cristofaro Cyprus University of Technology Princeton Center for Theoretical Science University College London [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Haewoon Kwak Michael Sirivianos Gianluca Stringhini Qatar Computing Research Institute Cyprus University of Technology University College London & Hamad Bin Khalifa University [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Jeremy Blackburn University of Alabama at Birmingham [email protected] ABSTRACT ACM Reference Format: Over the past few years, a number of new “fringe” communities, Savvas Zannettou, Barry Bradlyn, Emiliano De Cristofaro, Haewoon Kwak, like 4chan or certain subreddits, have gained traction on the Web Michael Sirivianos, Gianluca Stringhini, and Jeremy Blackburn. 2018. What is Gab? A Bastion of Free Speech or an Alt-Right Echo Chamber?. In WWW at a rapid pace. However, more often than not, little is known about ’18 Companion: The 2018 Web Conference Companion, April 23–27, 2018, Lyon, how they evolve or what kind of activities they attract, despite France. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 8 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3184558. recent research has shown that they influence how false informa- 3191531 tion reaches mainstream communities. This motivates the need to monitor these communities and analyze their impact on the Web’s information ecosystem. 1 INTRODUCTION In August 2016, a new social network called Gab was created The Web’s information ecosystem is composed of multiple com- as an alternative to Twitter. -
The Alt-Right on Campus: What Students Need to Know
THE ALT-RIGHT ON CAMPUS: WHAT STUDENTS NEED TO KNOW About the Southern Poverty Law Center The Southern Poverty Law Center is dedicated to fighting hate and bigotry and to seeking justice for the most vulnerable members of our society. Using litigation, education, and other forms of advocacy, the SPLC works toward the day when the ideals of equal justice and equal oportunity will become a reality. • • • For more information about the southern poverty law center or to obtain additional copies of this guidebook, contact [email protected] or visit www.splconcampus.org @splcenter facebook/SPLCenter facebook/SPLConcampus © 2017 Southern Poverty Law Center THE ALT-RIGHT ON CAMPUS: WHAT STUDENTS NEED TO KNOW RICHARD SPENCER IS A LEADING ALT-RIGHT SPEAKER. The Alt-Right and Extremism on Campus ocratic ideals. They claim that “white identity” is under attack by multicultural forces using “politi- An old and familiar poison is being spread on col- cal correctness” and “social justice” to undermine lege campuses these days: the idea that America white people and “their” civilization. Character- should be a country for white people. ized by heavy use of social media and memes, they Under the banner of the Alternative Right – or eschew establishment conservatism and promote “alt-right” – extremist speakers are touring colleges the goal of a white ethnostate, or homeland. and universities across the country to recruit stu- As student activists, you can counter this movement. dents to their brand of bigotry, often igniting pro- In this brochure, the Southern Poverty Law Cen- tests and making national headlines. Their appear- ances have inspired a fierce debate over free speech ter examines the alt-right, profiles its key figures and the direction of the country. -
“No Left, No Right – Only the Game”
“No Left, No Right – Only the Game” A Netnographic Study of the Online Community r/KotakuInAction Master of Arts: Media and Communication Studies – Culture, Collaborative Media, and Creative Industries Master’s Thesis (Two-year) | 15 credits Student: Oskar Larsson Supervisor: Maria Brock Year: 2021 Word Count: 15,937 Abstract This thesis examines how 'othering' discourse can be used to construct and negotiate boundaries and shape collective identities within online spaces. Through a mixed-method approach of thematic analysis and a netnographic study, and by drawing on theoretical concepts of online othering and identity formation, this thesis explores how the Gamergate community r/KotakuInAction can be understood in relation to Gamergate, the Alt-Right and society at large. The results show that the community perceive and construct the SJW as a common adversary – a monstrous representation of feminism, progressiveness and political correctness. The analysis also revealed how racist rhetorics and white male anxieties characterize the communitys' othering discourse. Through an in-depth study of user-submitted comment, this thesis argues that r/KotakuInAction's collective identity is fluid and reactionary in nature, characterized by a discourse that is indicative of Alt-Right ideology and white male supremacy. Future research should further explore the network of communities that r/KotakuInAction is part of, as well as examine how the community transform over time. Keywords: Gamergate, Reddit, Alt-Right, Online Othering, Collective Identity, -
Understanding Web Archiving Services and Their (Mis) Use On
Understanding Web Archiving Services and Their (Mis)Use on Social Media∗ Savvas Zannettou?, Jeremy Blackburnz, Emiliano De Cristofaroy, Michael Sirivianos?, Gianluca Stringhiniy ?Cyprus University of Technology, yUniversity College London, zUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham [email protected], [email protected], fe.decristofaro,[email protected], [email protected] Abstract In this context, an important role is played by services like the Wayback Machine (archive.org), which proactively Web archiving services play an increasingly important role archives large portions of the Web, allowing users to search in today’s information ecosystem, by ensuring the continuing and retrieve the history of more than 300 billion pages. At the availability of information, or by deliberately caching content same time, on-demand archiving services like archive.is have that might get deleted or removed. Among these, the Way- also become popular: users can take a snapshot of a Web page back Machine has been proactively archiving, since 2001, ver- by entering its URL, which the system crawls and archives, re- sions of a large number of Web pages, while newer services turning a permanent short URL serving as a time capsule that like archive.is allow users to create on-demand snapshots of can be shared across the Web. specific Web pages, which serve as time capsules that can be shared across the Web. In this paper, we present a large-scale Archiving services serve a variety of purposes beyond ad- analysis of Web archiving services and their use on social me- dressing link rot. Platforms like archive.is are reportedly used dia, shedding light on the actors involved in this ecosystem, to preserve controversial blogs and tweets that the author may the content that gets archived, and how it is shared.