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Word Order in Övdalian : a Study in Variation and Change. Garbacz, Piotr

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Word Order in Övdalian : a Study in Variation and Change. Garbacz, Piotr Word Order in Övdalian : A Study in Variation and Change. Garbacz, Piotr 2010 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Garbacz, P. (2010). Word Order in Övdalian : A Study in Variation and Change. Centre for Languages and Literature, Lund University. 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LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 Word Order in Övdalian Piotr Garbacz 1 2 LUNDASTUDIER I NORDISK SPRÅKVETENSKAP A70 Word Order in Övdalian A Study in Variation and Change Piotr Garbacz Centre for Languages and Literature Lund 2010 Avhandling för filosofie doktorsexamen i nordiska språk vid Lunds universitet 3 Centre for Languages and Literature Lund University Box 201 221 00 Lund © 2010 Piotr Garbacz ISSN 0347-8971 ISBN 978-91-628-8068-2 Tryck: E-husets tryckeri, Lunds universitet, 2010 4 Isu-jär buotje will ig dedikir að ollum övkallum This book is dedicated to the people of Älvdalen 5 6 Table of contents Acknowledgements .................................................... 15 1 Introduction .......................................................... 17 1.1 Aims of the present dissertation ...................................................18 1.2 The linguistic data........................................................................19 1.3 The theoretical framework of this dissertation ............................19 1.4 The structure of the dissertation ..................................................22 2 Övdalian ............................................................... 23 2.1 The history of Övdalian ...............................................................29 2.2 Övdalian in the 19th and the 20th century....................................31 2.2.1 Sociocultural background .....................................................31 2.2.2 Classical, Traditional and Modern Övdalian .......................33 2.3 The structure of Övdalian............................................................36 2.3.1 Övdalian vocabulary .............................................................36 2.3.2 Övdalian phonology .............................................................36 2.3.3 Övdalian morphology...........................................................39 2.3.4 Övdalian syntax ....................................................................47 2.4 Övdalian today .............................................................................47 2.5 A bibliography of works on Övdalian..........................................50 2.6 Summary ......................................................................................53 3 Data collection ...................................................... 55 3.1 Introduction .................................................................................55 3.2 The consultants ............................................................................55 3.3 The method of data collection .....................................................58 3.4 Analysis and interpretation of the results.....................................61 3.5 Summary ......................................................................................62 4 Word order in Traditional Övdalian .......................... 63 4.1 Introduction .................................................................................63 7 4.2 Properties of Traditional Övdalian in common with all Scandinavian languages ......................................................................65 4.2.1 Verb second...........................................................................65 4.2.2 Verb-Object word order .......................................................66 4.2.3 Possessive reflexives...............................................................67 4.2.4 Predicative adjective agreement ............................................67 4.3 Properties of Traditional Övdalian in common with Mainland Scandinavian......................................................................68 4.3.1 Weather-subjects and expletive subjects ...............................68 4.3.2 Dative alternation .................................................................69 4.3.3 Oblique subjects....................................................................70 4.3.4 Stylistic Fronting...................................................................70 4.3.5 Transitive expletives..............................................................71 4.3.6 Indirect subject questions without a resumptive element ...........................................................................................71 4.3.7 Null generic subjects.............................................................72 4.3.8 Word order between the direct and the indirect object .......72 4.3.9 Verb movement in infinitivals ..............................................72 4.3.10 Long Distance Reflexives....................................................73 4.3.11 Object Shift of DPs ............................................................73 4.3.12 Summary.............................................................................74 4.4 Properties of Traditional Övdalian in common with Insular Scandinavian.......................................................................................75 4.4.1 Embedded V0-to-I0 movement .............................................76 4.4.2 VP-fronting...........................................................................76 4.4.3 Pseudopassives.......................................................................76 4.4.4. The Present Participle Construction ...................................77 4.4.5 Summary...............................................................................77 4.5 Specific syntactic properties of Traditional Övdalian..................78 4.5.1 Referential null subjects........................................................78 4.5.2 Object Shift of pronominal objects ......................................79 4.5.3 Inflectional morphemes on the noun for number and definiteness .....................................................................................79 4.5.4 Subject doubling ...................................................................80 4.5.5 Negative concord ..................................................................81 4.5.6 Summary...............................................................................81 4.6 A note on nominal phrase structure in Traditional Övdalian .....82 4.6.1 Expressions of definiteness....................................................82 4.6.2 Expressions of possession ......................................................82 4.6.3 Position of attributive adjectives...........................................83 8 4.6.4 Extended use of the definite form ........................................84 4.7 A note on negative concord..........................................................85 4.8 Syntactic change in Övdalian.......................................................89 5 Övdalian clause structure......................................... 93 5.1 The Verb Phrase (VP) ..................................................................93 5.2 The Middle Field (TP).................................................................96 5.2.1 Low negation and low adverbial position.............................96 5.2.2 Verb movement to T0 (V0-to-I0 movement).........................98 5.2.3 High negation and adverbial positions above TP...............100 5.2.4 The Övdalian middle field..................................................103 5.2.5 A note on negation .............................................................103 5.3 The Left Periphery .....................................................................105 5.3.1 The V2 property of Övdalian .............................................105 5.3.2 Subject doubling .................................................................106 5.3.3 Referential null subjects......................................................107 5.3.4 The Övdalian left periphery ...............................................108 5.4 Övdalian clause structure summarized.......................................108 6 Verb movement in Övdalian................................... 111 6.1 Introduction ...............................................................................111 6.2 Verb movement and its triggers .................................................114 6.2.1 Rich agreement as a condition for verb movement to I0 ....116 6.2.2 Split-IP as a condition for verb movement to I0.................117 6.2.3 The triggers of verb movement - summary ........................118
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