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Multicultural Clinical Support Resource & country list

Country Languages (official/national languages in bold) Country Languages (official/national languages in bold) , , Parsi-Dari, Tatar, Farsi, Hazaragi , English, , other minority languages Albania Tosk, Albanian Bulgaria Bulgarian, Turkish, Roma and other minority languages , French, Berber French, native African (Sudanic) languages 90% Andorra Catalán, French, Spanish, Portuguese , French, Swahili, Portuguese, Koongo, Mbundu, Chokwe, Mbunda, Cambodia Khmer, French, English Antigua and English, local dialects, Arabic, Portuguese French, English, 24 African language groups Barbuda English, French, other minority languages Spanish, English, Italian, German, French Cape Verde Portuguese, Kabuverdianu, Criuolo Armenia Armenian, Yezidi, Russian Central French (official), Sangho (, national), other minority English, Indigenous and other minority languages African languages German, Slovenian, Croatian, Hungarian, Republic Alemannisch, Bavarian, Sinte Romani, Walser French, Arabic, Sara, more than 120 languages and dialects Azerbaijani (Azeri), Russian, Armenian, other and minority languages Spanish, Aymaran, Araucanian, Alacalufan, Quechuan, Rapa Nui, Bahamas English, Creole (among Haitian immigrants) (/ Putonghua), (), Bahrain Arabic, English, Farsi, (Shanghaiese), Minbei (), Minnan (-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, other minority languages Bengali, English, other minority languages inc. , Urdu Colombia Spanish, Catalan, Yagua, Yuhup English, Bajan Comoros Arabic, French, Shikomoro, other minority languages Belarusan, Russian, Baltic Romani, Eastern , Lithuanian, Polish, Tatar, Ukrainian Congo French, , Kingwana, Kikongo, Tshiluba, Luba-Kasai, Congo Swahili Democratic other languages Dutch (Flemish), French, German, Limburgisch, Picard, Vlaams, Walloon Republic of English, Spanish, Mayan, Garifuna (Carib), Creole Congo, French, Lingala, Monokutuba, Kikongo, many local languages and dialects French, Fon, Yoruba, other minority languages Republic of , Tibetan dialects, Nepalese,other minority languages Costa Rica Spanish, English, other languages Bolivia Spanish, Quechua, Aymara, Corsican, German, Wichí Lhamtés Vejoz Côte 'Ivoire French, Dioula and other languages Bosnia and Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, Italian, Macedo Romanian, Albanian Croatian, Italian, Hungarian, Czech, Slovak, German, Istriot, Romanian Herzegovina Cuba Spanish, Catalan, Corsican English, Setswana, Kalanga, Sekgalagadi, other minority languages Greek, Turkish, English, Armenian Portuguese, Spanish, English, French, other minority languages Czech Czech, Bavarian, German, Polish, Romani, Silesian Multicultural Clinical Support Resource Language & country list

Country Languages (official/national languages in bold) Country Languages (official/national languages in bold) Republic - Portuguese, Criolo, minority Danish, German, Faroese, Greenlandic ( ), English Bissau French, Arabic, Somali, Afar English, Amerindian dialects, Creole, Hindi, Urdu, Portuguese, Saint Lucian Creole French, Chinese English, French patois Haiti Creole and French Dominican Spanish, English, Haitian Creole French Republic Honduras Spanish, Amerindian dialects, other minority languages Tetun, Portuguese, Bahasa , English; other indigenous Magyar (Hungarian), Armenian, Bulgarian, Eastern Yiddish, French, languages, including Tetum, Galole, Mambae, and Kemak Greek, Macedonian, Polish, Ukrainian, Western Yiddish Ecuador Spanish, Quechua, Cofan, other Indigenous languages Iceland Icelandic, English, Nordic languages, German, Danish Egypt Arabic, English,French and other minority languages Hindi, English, Bengali, Gujarati, Kashmiri, , Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, , Assamese, , Sindhi (all El Salvador Spanish, Nahua, other minority languages include Kekchí, Lenca, Pipil official); many other languages; 1,600+ dialects Equatorial Spanish, French, English, Fang, Bubi, Ibo, Batanga, Seki Indonesia Bahasa Indonesia, English, Dutch, Javanese, Portuguese, Tringgus, Guinea Uyghur, Western Cham, Arabic and 580 plus other languages and dialects English, Arabic, Tigrinya, other minority languages Farsi (Persian) dialects, Turkic dialects, Kurdish, Luri, Balochi, Arabic, Estonia Estonian, Russian, Armenian, Baltic Romani, Belarusan, Armenian, Assyrian Neo-, Azerbaijani, Kurdish, Krudi/Sorani , English, Tigrinya, many minority languages Arabic, Kurdish (official in Kurdish regions), Assyrian, Armenian, English, Fijian, Hindustani, other minority languages Syriac, Turkish, Turkmen, Turoyo, Kurdi/Sorani Finland Finnish, Swedish, Small Sami- (Lapp), other languages include English Ireland English, Irish (Gaelic), Shelta, Scots French, rapidly declining regional dialects other minority languages Israel Hebrew, Standard Arabic, English, other minority languages French, Fang, Myene, Nzebi, Bapounou/Eschira, Bandjabi, Punu, Italian, other minority languages Gambia English, Mandinka, Wolof, Fula, other indigenous languages English, Jamaican Creole, Arabic, Portuguese, Spanish, Chinese Georgian, Russian, other minority languages Japan Japanese, English, Chinese Germany Germany, other minority languages Jordan Arabic, English, Greek, Kurdish, Azerbaijani English, minority languages Kazakhstan Kazak (Qazaq, state language); Russian (official, used in everyday Greek, minority languages business), many minor and regional languages English, French patois English, Swahili (national), Arabic, Hindi, Borana, Garreh-Ajuran, Konkani, Maasai, Panjabi, Somali and numerous indigenous languages Guatemala Spanish, 23 officially recognized Amerindian languages English, I-Kiribati (Gilbertese) Guinea French other minority languages Multicultural Clinical Support Resource Language & country list

Country Languages (official/national languages in bold) Country Languages (official/national languages in bold) , North Korean, Chinese Micronesia Chuukese, Kosraean, Pohnpeian, Yapese, English, Ulithian, Woleaian, Korea, South Korean, English, Sherpa, Chinese Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi Kuwait Arabic, English, Kurdish, Balochi, Mehri Romanian (Moldovan), Russian, Gagauz (a Turkish dialect), Belarusan, other minority languages Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyz, Russian, many minor and regional languages French, English, Italian, Monégasque Lao, French, English, Khmer, Chinese, Sedang Halh Mongolian, Turkic, Russian, Japanese, Korean Latvian, Russian, Lithuanian, Belarusan, Estonian, Polish, Tatar, Ukrainian Serbian/Montenegrin (Ijekavian dialect), Hungarian, Gheg Albanian, Lebanon Arabic, French, English, Armenian, Kurdish, Chaldean, Turoyo Slovak, Slovenian, Turkish, Ukrainian English, Sesotho, Zulu, Xhosa, , Phuthi Arabic, Berber dialects, French English (Liberian), Bandi, Bassa, Grebo, Krahn, Kpelle and some 20 Mozambique Portuguese, Emakhuwa, Xichangana, Elomwe, Cisena , Echuwabo, ethnic-group languages Chinese and other Mozambican languages Arabic, Italian, English widely understood in major cities Burmese, Eastern Tamang, Geman , Iu Mien, Malay, Sylheti, German, Alemannisch, Walser, Italian Chinese and other minority languages Lithuanian, Russian, Polish, Belarusan, Yiddish, Latvian, Tatar, Ukrainian English, Afrikaans, German, Portuguese; indigenous languages: Luxembourg French, German, Luxembourgeois, Kabuverdianu, Portuguese, Italian Oshivambo, Herero, Nama and other regional languages Macedonia Macedonian, Albanian, Turkish, Roma, Serbian Nauruan, English, Fijian, Kiribati, Kosraean, Marshallese, Tuvaluan Madagascar Malagasy, French, Morisyen, Arabic, Chinese Nepali, Maithali, Bhojpuri, Tharu, Tamang, Kharia, Urdu, English Nyanja (Chewa), Tumbuka, English, other minority languages Dutch, other minority languages Bahasa Melayu (Malay), English, Chinese dialects,Tamil, Telugu, English, Maori, other minority languages Malayalam, Panjabi, Thai, several indigenous languages Nicaragua Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, English and indigenous languages Maldives Maldivian Dhivehi, Sinhala, Arabic, English French, Djerma, Arabic, other minority languages French, many regional and minority languages Edo, Efik, Adamawa Fulfulde, Hausa, Idoma, Igbo, Central Kanuri, Maltese, English, Arabic Yoruba, English, Ibo, Fulani, and more than 200 others Marshall Marshallese, English Bokmål Norwegian, Norwegian, (Sami is official in six Islands municipalities), other minority languages Mauritania Hassaniya, other minority languages Oman Arabic, English, Baluchi, Indian languages, Portuguese, Somali, Swahili English, French, Creole, Bojpoori, Punjabi, Gujarati, Chinese, Marathi Urdu, English, Punjabi, Sindhi, Siraiki (a Punjabi variant), Pashtu, Balochi, Spanish, Basque, English, Japanese, Tohono O'odham, Vlax Romani, , Brahui, ,, Southern Uzbek, Turkmen, Uyghur, Arabic Arabic, various Mayan, and regional indigenous languages Palauan, English, Sonsoralese, Tobi, Angaur (each official on some Multicultural Clinical Support Resource Language & country list

Country Languages (official/national languages in bold) Country Languages (official/national languages in bold) islands), Filipino, Chinese, Carolinian, Japanese , Malay, Tamil, English, Hindi, Indonesian, Japanese, , Hebrew, English Korean, Sindhi, Sylheti, Telugu, Thai, Hokkien, Cantonese, Teochew State Slovak, Czech, Russian Hungarian, Roma, Ukrainian, German, Croatian, (proposed) Polish, Romani Panama Spanish, English, Eastern Yiddish, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Arabic Slovenian, Hungarian, Italian, Serbo-Croatian, Croatian, Gheg Albanian, New (Melanesian Pidgin, lingua franca), (in Papua Macedonian, Sinte Romani, German, Venetian Guinea region), English, Madi, 715 indigenous languages Solomon English, Chinese, Melanesian pidgin, 120 indigenous languages Paraguay Spanish, Guaraní, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese Islands Peru Spanish, Quéchua, Chinese, Aymara; many minor Amazonian languages Somali, Italian, Arabic, English, Swahili, Oromo Filipino (based on Tagalog), English, Basque, French, Hindi, Indonesian, Afrikaans, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Southern Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Japanese, Korean and eight major dialects Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu, English, other minority languages Polish, Czech, Eastern Yiddish, Greek, Lithuanian, Russian, Slovak Spanish, Aragonese, Asturian, Basque, Galician, Gascon (Aranese), Catalan Portugal Portuguese, Miranda Do Douro (regional), Kabuverdianu, Arabic Sinhala, Tamil, Indo-Portuguese, Sri Lankan Creole Malay, Veddah, Arabic, Farsi, Malayalam, Tamil, Urdu, Balochi, English English Romanian, Hungarian, German, Armenian, Czech, Eastern Yiddish, Gheg Arabic, Acholi, Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo- Albanian, Italian, Russian, Slovak, Ukrainian Hamitic, English, Bari, Mundi, Dinka Russia Russian, many other languages Dutch, Surinamese (lingua franca), English, Hindustani, Javanese, Rwanda , French, English, Rundi, Swahili, Kiswahili Korean, North Levantine Spoken Arabic, Portuguese St. Lucia English, French patois Swaziland English, Swati, Tsonga, Zulu Samoan, English Swedish, other minority languages San Marino Italian, Emiliano-Romagnolo French, , Italian, Romansch, other minority languages São Tomé Portuguese, Fang, Sãotomense, Principense Arabic, Chaldean Neo-Aramaic, Chechen, Kurdish, Armenian, Aramaic, and Príncipe Azerbaijani , Circassian, French Saudi Arabia Arabic, other minority languages Chinese (Mandarin), Taiwanese (), Hakka dialects, Halh Mongolian, French, other minority languages Kalmyk-Oirat, Tibetan, Uyghur Serbian, Romanian, Hungarian, Slovak, and Croatian (all official in Tajiki, other minority languages ); Albanian (official in ), Slovenian, Turkish, Ukrainian Swahili, English, Rundi, Konkani, Arabic, other minority languages Seychelles English, French, Seselwa Creole, Aldabra, Farquhar, Des Roches Thai (Siamese), Burmese, Japanese, Kayan, Lao, Sinhala, Tai Daeng, English, Mende, Temne ,Krio (lingua franca), Greek, Bassa English, ethnic and regional dialects Multicultural Clinical Support Resource Language & country list

Country Languages (official/national languages in bold) Country Languages (official/national languages in bold) Togo Éwé, Kabiye, French, Hausa, Mampruli, Yoruba, Dagomba (north); and English, Shona, Ndebele (Sindebele), numerous minor tribal dialects many dialects Tonga Tongan, English, Chinese and English, Hindi, French, Spanish, Tobagonian Creole English, Trinidadian Compiled from: Tobago Creole English, French Tunisia Arabic, French (commerce), Shilha United States. Languages of the world. [online] no date. [cited June 2007] Turkish, Kurdish, Dimli, other minority languages/dialects Available from: www.ethnologue.com/ United States. Information Please Encyclopaedia [online] no date. [cited June 2007] Turkmenistan Turkmen, other minority languages/dialects Available from: www.infoplease.com/ Tuvaluan, English, Samoan, Kiribati (on the island of Nui) English, Hema, Kaliko, Mvuba, Ganda or , other Niger-Congo languages, Nilo-Saharan languages, Swahili, Arabic, Ma’di Ukrainian, other minority languages/dialects United Arab Arabic, other minority languages Emirates United English, Welsh, French, other minority languages Kingdom United States English , Hawaiian (in Hawaii), Spanish, other minority languages Uruguay Spanish, Catalan-Valencian-Balear, Corsican, Eastern Yiddish, Italian, Lithuanian, Plautdietsch, Portuguese Uzbekistan Uzbek, other minority languages Bislama, English, French, Fijian, Kiribati, Tahitian, Tongan , Italian, French, various other languages Spanish, Catalan-Valencian-Balear, Corsican, Cubeo, English, Inga, Latvian, Arabic, Chinese and numerous indigenous dialects Vietnamese, English, some French, Chinese, Khmer, Hmong; mountain area languages (Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian) Yemen Arabic, Hindi, Hobyót, Somali, Western Cham, Bathari, Mehri, Soqotri English, Mbukushu, Nyanja, Nyemba, Urdu, Bemba, Kaonda, Lozi, Lunda, Luvale, Nyanja, Tonga