DOCSLIB.ORG

Da992743.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Da992743.Pdf Federal Communications Commission DA 99-2743 Before the Federal Communications Commission Washington, D.C. 20554 ) In the Matter of ) ) Amendment of Part 2 of the Commission’s ) Rules to Make Non-Substantive Revisions ) to the Table of Frequency Allocations ) MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER Adopted: December 16, 1999 Released: December 20, 1999 By the Office of Engineering and Technology and the Office of Managing Director: I. INTRODUCTION 1. By this action, we amend the Table of Frequency Allocations ("Table")1 and supporting sections2 of the Commission’s Rules in order to more clearly display the Table and to assist the Federal Register staff by making it easier for them to maintain the Table in the Code of Federal Regulations. We take this action with the concurrence of the National Telecommunications and Information Administration ("NTIA").3 We also take this opportunity 1 47 C.F.R. § 2.106. 2 47 C.F.R. §§ 2.100, 2.104, and 2.105. 3 The Commission, which is an independent agency, administers non-Federal government spectrum and the NTIA, which is an operating unit of the Department of Commerce, administers Federal government spectrum. See 47 C.F.R. § 2.105(a). Section 305(a) of the Communications Act as amended, 47 U.S.C. Sec. 305(a), authorizes the President to assign frequencies to Federal government stations. This authority has been delegated to the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information, who also serves as the Administrator of NTIA. See Pub. Law 102-538, 106 Stat. 3533 (1992). NTIA also approves the spectrum needs of new systems for use by Federal departments and agencies and maintains the Federal Government Table of Frequency Allocations in its Manual. On December 16, 1999, NTIA, on the recommendation of the Interdepartment Radio Advisory Committee ("IRAC"), gave its concurrence to this Memorandum Opinion and Order. The IRAC is composed of representatives appointed by twenty-three member Federal departments and agencies. Liaison between the IRAC and the FCC is effected by a representative appointed by the Commission to serve in that capacity. The IRAC serves in an advisory capacity pertaining to the allocation, management, and use of the radio spectrum. The IRAC advises the Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information, U.S. Department of Commerce, and reports to the Deputy Associate Administrator, Office of Spectrum Management. Federal Communications Commission DA 99-2743 to make the following types of non-substantive4 amendments: The International Table in the Commission’s Rules is updated to reflect the [International] Table of Frequency Allocations as it is found in the 1998 International Telecommunication Union ("ITU") Radio Regulations;5 International footnotes in the United States Table that have not been substantively revised are re-numbered; Expired footnotes or portions of footnotes are removed from the United States Table; The special-use frequencies column of the Table is deleted; and Various typographical errors and omissions are corrected. As a by-product of this action, we will now be able to place the Table on the Commission’s web site and to update the on-line Table shortly after any amendments to the Table have been released.6 This ministerial action does not make any substantive change to any licensee’s legal rights and responsibilities. II. DISCUSSION 2. The Table of Frequency Allocations consists of the International Table of Frequency Allocations ("International Table") and the United States Table of Frequency Allocations ("United States Table") and is codified at Section 2.106 of the Commission’s Rules. The International Table is subdivided into the Region 1 Table (column 1), the Region 2 Table (column 2),7 and the Region 3 Table (column 3), and is included in the Commission’s Rules for informational purposes only.8 We are updating the International Table to reflect the [International] Table of Frequency Allocations as it is found in Article S5, Section IV, of the 1998 Radio Regulations.9 We are also updating Section 2.104 of the Commission’s Rules, which describes the International 4 A non-substantive revision is one that is purely editorial in nature; e.g., re-numbering a footnote. 5 See ITU Radio Regulations, Edition of 1998 ("1998 Radio Regulations"). This revision of the Radio Regulations, complementing the Constitution and the Convention of the ITU (Geneva, 1992), incorporates the decisions of the World Radiocommunication Conferences of 1995 ("WRC-95") and of 1997 ("WRC-97"). We anticipate that the Commission will commence a proceeding shortly to consider any remaining decisions of the World Administrative Radio Conference of 1992 and of WRC-95 and WRC-97 that have not previously been considered. 6 The on-line Table may be found at http://www.fcc.gov/oet/spectrum/. We caution users of the on-line Table that the Table as published by Federal Register remains the legal source document. 7 Region 2 is essentially composed of North and South America. See Appendix at § 2.104(b) for the ITU’s official definitions and map of the Regions. 8 See 47 C.F.R. § 2.104(a). 9 The provisions of these Regulations apply provisionally as from January 1, 1999, unless an earlier date is specified in Article S59. Therefore, we are amending 47 C.F.R. § 2.100 to state this fact. 2 Federal Communications Commission DA 99-2743 Table, to reflect Section I (Regions and areas) and Section II (Categories of services and allocations) of Article S5 of the 1998 Radio Regulations.10 We observe that the ITU has re- numbered all of the international footnotes in the International Table using the "S" numbering scheme.11 Therefore, we are deleting all international footnotes that use the old numbering scheme from 47 C.F.R. § 2.106, except for the twenty substantively revised international footnotes that have previously been adopted domestically. These international footnotes will be retained at this time and will be listed immediately behind the "S" numbering scheme international footnotes.12 3. At present, the United States Table consists of Federal Government Table of Frequency Allocations ("Federal Government Table," column 4), the Non-Federal Government Table of Frequency Allocations ("Non-Federal Government Table," column 5), rule part cross references (column 6), and special-use frequencies (column 7).13 The United States Table is described in Section 2.105 of the Commission’s Rules.14 The Federal Government Table,15 the 10 47 C.F.R. § 2.104. These changes include deleting permitted service from the category of services and deleting reference to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in the definition of Regions 1 and 3. (WRC-95 changed all permitted services to primary services.) 11 The note immediately after the "International Footnote" heading in § 2.106 is revised to read as follows: "The International Telecommunication Union has recently re-numbered international footnotes using the "S" numbering scheme and has substantively revised the text of certain of these international footnotes. These international footnotes shall be listed immediately below this note in I. Until such time as the Commission has considered the substantively revised international footnotes that have previously been adopted domestically, the old international footnotes shall apply in the United States. These footnotes appear immediately after footnote S5.565 in II." 12 See Appendix A. Footnotes that have been substantively revised by a prior WRC will be addressed in an implementation rulemaking. See note 5, supra. 13 Henceforth, we will use the adjectives "Federal government" and "non-Federal government" instead of "Government" and "non-Government." We are making this change because the Commission has regulatory authority for all non-Federal government radio services, including those operated by State and local government licensees. 14 47 C.F.R. § 2.105. As previously noted, the ITU has deleted permitted services from the category of services. There are no permitted services allocated in the United States. See Appendix at § 2.105, wherein permitted services are deleted from the category of services. We are also updating § 2.105 to reflect the fact that the islands of Quita Sueno Bank, Roncador Bank, Serrena Bank, and Serranilla Bank are no longer under United States jurisdiction. These islands were transferred to Colombia, effective September 17, 1981. We will also list Johnston Island and Palmyra Island as Johnston Atoll and Palmyra Atoll, which conforms to how they are described by the Department of State. 15 See 47 C.F.R. § 2.105(d)(2), re-numbered herein as (d)(3). The Federal Government Table is based on NTIA’s Manual of Regulations and Procedures for Federal Radio Frequency Management, September 1995 Edition, Revisions for September 1996, January and May 1997, Chapter 4 ("NTIA Manual") and various Commission allocation orders that were approved by the IRAC but which have not yet been added to the NTIA Manual. 3 Federal Communications Commission DA 99-2743 rule part(s) cross references,16 and the special-use frequencies are included in the Commission’s Rules for informational purposes only. We find that the special-use frequencies column (column 7) does not list any information not already contained in the pertinent service rules and therefore delete column 7 from the Table and delete its description from § 2.105(d)(6).17 We clarify that the United States Table consists only of the Federal and Non-Federal Government Tables; i.e., the rule part cross references are no longer considered part of the United States Table.18 4. In order to make it easier to understand how shared spectrum19 is allocated, we have merged the Federal and Non-Federal Government Tables for those frequency bands that have exactly the same allocations and footnotes. We believe that this action also highlights differences in shared spectrum between the Federal and Non-Federal Government Tables, i.e., there must be some difference between the Federal and Non-Federal Government Tables or they would have been merged.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • San Andrés, Old Providence and Santa Catalina (Caribbean Sea, Colombia)
    REEF ENVIRONMENTS AND GEOLOGY OF AN OCEANIC ARCHIPELAGO: SAN ANDRÉS, OLD PROVIDENCE AND SANTA CATALINA (CARIBBEAN SEA, COLOMBIA) with Field Guide JÓRN GEISTER Y JUAN MANUEL DÍAZ República de Colombia MINISTERIO DE MINAS Y ENERGÍA INSTITUTO COLOMBIANO DE GEOLOGÍA Y MINERÍA INGEOMINAS REEF ENVIRONMENTS AND GEOLOGY OF AN OCEANIC ARCHIPELAGO: SAN ANDRÉS, OLD PROVIDENCE AND SANTA. CATALINA (CARIBBEAN SEA, COLOMBIA with FIELD GUIDE) INGEOMINAS 2007 DIAGONAL 53 N°34-53 www.ingeominas.gov.co DIRECTOR GENERAL MARIO BALLESTEROS MEJÍA SECRETARIO GENERAL EDWIN GONZÁLEZ MORENO DIRECTOR SERVICIO GEOLÓGICO CÉSAR DAVID LÓPEZ ARENAS DIRECTOR SERVICIO MINERO (e) EDWARD ADAN FRANCO GAMBOA SUBDIRECTOR DE GEOLOGÍA BÁSICA ORLANDO NAVAS CAMACHO COORDINADORA GRUPO PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA, ATENCIÓN AL CLIENTE Y COMUNICACIONES SANDRA ORTIZ ÁNGEL AUTORES: 315RN GEISTER Y JUAN MANUEL DÍAZ REVISIÓN EDITORIAL HUMBERTO GONZÁLEZ CARMEN ROSA CASTIBLANCO DISEÑO Y DIAGRAMACIÓN GUSTAVO VEJARANO MATIZ J SILVIA GUTIÉRREZ PORTADA: Foto: Estación en el mar Cl. San Andrés: Pared vertical de Bocatora Hole a -30 m. El coral Montastraea sp. adoptó una forma plana. Agosto de 1998. IMPRESIÓN IMPRENTA NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA CONTENT PREFACE 7 1. GENERAL BACKGROUND 8 2. STRUCTURAL SETTING AND REGIONAL GEOLOGY OF THE ARCHIPÉLAGO 9 2.1 Caribbean Piafe 9 2.2 Upper and Lower Nicaraguan Rises 9 2.3 Hess Escarpment and Colombia Basin 11 2.4 Islands and atolls of the Archipelago 12 3. CLIMATE AND OCEANOGRAPHY 14 4. GENERAL CHARACTERS OF WESTERN CARIBBEAN OCEANIC REEF COMPLEXE (fig. 7)
    [Show full text]
  • Search Bullet No
    SEARCH BULLET NO. 236 ashineon, D.C., U.S.A. November 1979 I Poior t Md,tiniq"Q - CARI88EAN g o i 5r LvuajJ =& 8' SEA v'"i'"r? aJ,bdd-,D The White Horra , VENEZUELA - Jort Vai Gwat rcbw '& .; ",& THE VIRGIN ISLANDS Scale of Mlles III I d I bog Rod Heights In Feet SOME ASPECTS OF THE ECOLOGY OF REEFS SURROUNDING ANEGADA, BRITISH VIRGIIY ISLANDS 1. 2. by R.P. Dunne and B.E. Brown Introductory Description Anegada is a most unique island from many aspects. Northernmost of the American and British Virgin Islands and easternmost of the Greater Antilles, it is a flat limestone island, 17 km long and 4 km wide with a total area of about 14.94 square miles (9,567 acres 54 sq km), It is set aside from the other British Virgin Islands, being some 19 km from Virgin Gorda, its closest neighbour. It lies in distinct contrast to the volcanic and mountainous landscapes of the Virgin Group, with a maximum elevation of only 8 metres, To the north and east (windward side) the island is edged by extensive reefs beyond which stretches the Atlantic Ocean. On the leeward side, a shallow sea (2 to 8 m) separates Anegada from the main Virgin Island Group. His tory Schmburgk (1832) is the earliest authority on the island, having visited it in 1831 when he completed a most extensive survey. He writes: 'Of its history little is known; there is no likelihood that it was settled early. Ere Labat, the only early writer who speaks of the Lesser West India islands, observes, that aborigines used it as an occasional rendezvous, where they procured great quantities of conchs (~trombusgigas); and large piles of these shells are still to be seen at the east end of the island, but nowhere else ; which seems to prove decidedly that it was not permanently accupied, but merely resorted to from time to time.
    [Show full text]
  • San Andres Y Providencia
    San Andres y Providencia Overview: San Andres and Providencia is an archipelago in the Caribbean, and one of ColombiaÂ’s 32 Departments. Territory: The Department is composed of the three main islands of San Andres, Providencia, and Santa Catalina, and eight atolls (Alicia Bank, Serranilla Bank, Bajo Nuevo Bank, Quita Sueno Bank, Serrana Bank, Roncador Bank, Cayos del Este Sudeste, and Cayos de Albuquerque). San Andres and Providencia are both a long chain of hills skirted by coastal plains. Originally the islands were covered by lowland tropical rainforest, but this has been mostly destroyed. Location: 710 km (440 miles) northwest of Cartagena, Colombia; 180 km (110 miles) off eastern coast of Nicaragua in the Caribbean Sea. Latitude and Longitude: 12 58 N, 81 68 W Time Zone: GMT -5 Total Land Area: 44 EEZ: 350000 Climate: The archipelago has a humid, tropical lowland climate with average year-round temperatures of 27 degrees celsius. The islands are humid for six months of the year and hot and dry for the remaining six months. Average annual rainfall is 2,000 mm (1,900 mm in San Andres, and 1,532 mm in Providencia). Natural Resources: Fertile soil, marine resources. ECONOMY: Total GDP: 2002 229,600,000.00 USD 2001 220,800,000.00 USD 2000 269,570,000.00 USD Per Capita GDP: 2002 2,964.64 USD 2001 2,926.68 USD 2000 3,669.43 USD % of GDP per Sector: Primary Secondary Tertiary 2002 3.48% 0.76% 95.76% 2000 2.6% 0.5% 96.9% % of Population Employed by Sector Primary Secondary Tertiary External Aid/Remittances: Any aid that comes to the islands is coming from a national level.
    [Show full text]
  • G. Abbreviations
    G ANNEX G Abbreviations G.1 AGENCY, BUREAU, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONAL ABBREVIATIONS This section of Annex G contains those Agency and other Organizational Name and Bureau abbreviations that will be used in the Serial Number (SER), Bureau (BUR) and Circuit Remarks (REM) fields of the GMF. (See Section 9.8.2). Agency Bureau Abbreviation Agency for International Development AID Agriculture, Department of A Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service APHS Agriculture Research Service ARS Cooperative State Research Education & Extension Service CSRE Farm Service Agency FSA Farmers Home Administration FHA Food & Nutrition Service FNS Forest Service F Forest Service - Region 1 F1 Forest Service - Region 2 F2 Forest Service - Region 3 F3 Forest Service - Region 4 F4 Forest Service - Region 5 F5 Forest Service - Region 6 F6 Forest Service - Region 8 F8 Forest Service - Region 9 F9 Forest Service - Region 10 F10 Forest Service - Washington Office FWO Food Safety and Inspection Service FSIS Grain Inspection, Packers & Stockyards Administration GIPS Natural Resources Conservation Service NRCS Office of Inspector General OIG Office of the Secretary SEC Air Force, Department of the AF Architect of the Capitol AOTC Army, Department of the AR AFMO US&P AC United States Army, Alaska AK Army Spectrum Management Office AR Corps of Engineers CE Military District of Washington DW Army Spectrum (Fort Meade) FM AFC, State of Arizona HU U.S. Army (State of Hawaii) HW Satellite/Communications SAT U.S. Army Pacific (does not include Hawaii) PA AFC, White Sands Missile Range WS Administrative Office of the United AUSC States Courts Broadcasting Board of Governors BBG Commerce, Department of C Bureau of Industry and Security BIS Census Bureau CEN Oceanic and Atmospheric Research OAR International Trade Administration ITA May 2013 Edition (Rev.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Method for the Collection of Marine Geomagnetic Information: Survey Application in the Colombian Caribbean
    Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Technical Note A New Method for the Collection of Marine Geomagnetic Information: Survey Application in the Colombian Caribbean Karem Oviedo Prada 1,2,*, Bismarck Jigena Antelo 1,* , Nathalia Otálora Murillo 2, Jeanette Romero Cózar 1, Francisco Contreras-de-Villar 1 and Juan José Muñoz-Pérez 1,* 1 Puerto Real Campus, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real (Cadiz), Spain; [email protected] (J.R.C.); [email protected] (F.C.-d.-V.) 2 Oceanographic and Hydrographic Research Centre of the Caribbean, Barrio Bosque, Sector Manzanillo, Escuela Naval de Cadetes “Almirante Padilla”, Cartagena de Indias 130001, Colombia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (K.O.P.); [email protected] (B.J.A.); [email protected] (J.J.M.-P.) Abstract: In recent years, the Oceanographic and Hydrographic Research Center (part of the General Maritime Directorate of Colombia (DIMAR) has made important efforts to advance research in the field of marine geophysics, in particular, the techniques of geomagnetism, sub-bottom profiling, and side-scan sonar, the first being the most developed at the present time. A method is presented for the acquisition of geomagnetic data in marine environments, as used by DIMAR in the Colombian maritime territory. The development of the geomagnetic method not only offers the opportunity to advance basic scientific knowledge, but it is also of great importance in support of national sovereignty issues. Among other applications, the most representative uses of the geomagnetic method are the location of pipelines and metal plates, detection of buried ordnance, identification of sites of archaeological interest, and the identification and characterization of geological structures.
    [Show full text]
  • Counter-Memorial of the Republic of Colombia
    INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE TERRITORIAL AND MARITIME DISPUTE (NICARAGUA v. COLOMBIA) COUNTER-MEMORIAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF COLOMBIA VOLUME I 11 NOVEMBER 2008 III TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW A. The Case before the Court . 1 B. The Framework for the Case . 5 (1) THE QUESTION OF SOVEREIGNTY OVER THE MARITIME FEATURES OTHER THAN THE ISLANDS OF SAN ANDRÉS, PROVIDENCIA AND SANTA CATALINA . 5 (2) THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE 82ºW MERIDIAN WITH REGARD TO THE QUESTION OF SOVEREIGNTY . 6 (3) THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE 82ºW MERIDIAN WITH REGARD TO MARITIME DELIMITATION . 7 C. The Structure of this Counter-Memorial . 8 PART ONE – THE COLOMBIAN ARCHIPELAGO OF SAN ANDRÉS Chapter 2. THE ARCHIPELAGO A. Introduction . 13 B. The Components of the Archipelago . 15 (1) SAN ANDRÉS . 18 (2) PROVIDENCIA . 20 (3) SANTA CATALINA . 20 (4) ALBURQUERQUE . 22 (5) EAST-SOUTHEAST CAYS . 24 (6) RONCADOR . 26 (7) SERRANA . 28 (8) QUITASUEÑO . 30 (9) SERRANILLA . 33 (10) BAJO NUEVO . 33 C. The Archipelago as a Unit . 36 (1) THE ISLANDS AND CAYS OF THE ARCHIPELAGO WERE CONSIDERED AS A GROUP THROUGHOUT THE COLONIAL AND POST COLONIAL ERA . 36 IV (2) THE ISLANDS AND CAYS OF THE ARCHIPELAGO CONSIDERED AS A GROUP DURING THE 20TH CENTURY . 53 (3) TEXTBOOKS AND MAPS DESCRIBING THE CAYS AS PART OF THE ARCHIPELAGO . 60 D. Conclusion . 74 PART TWO – COLOMBIA’S SOVEREIGNTY OVER THE CAYS Chapter 3. THE ROOTS OF COLOMBIA’S TITLE AND ITS EXERCISE OF SOVEREIGNTY OVER THE CAYS A. Introduction . 79 B. The Royal Order of 1803 . 83 C. The Government of the Archipelago after 1803 .
    [Show full text]
  • C. Aprica – C. Langae (Porifera, Hadromerida, Clionaidae)
    Caribbean Journal of Science, Vol. 39, No. 3, 348-370, 2003 Copyright 2003 College of Arts and Sciences University of Puerto Rico, Mayagu¨ez Taxonomy of the Caribbean excavating sponge species complex Cliona caribbaea – C. aprica – C. langae (Porifera, Hadromerida, Clionaidae) SVEN ZEA1 AND ERNESTO WEIL2 1Departamento de Biologı´a y Centro de Estudios en Ciencias del Mar – CECIMAR, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, INVEMAR, Cerro Punta de Betı´n, A.A. 10-16, Santa Marta, Colombia, [email protected] 2Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Islas Magueyez Marine Laboratory, P.O. Box 908, Lajas, Puerto Rico 00667, [email protected] ABSTRACT.—In the Caribbean Sea, brown to brown-black sponges that both excavate and encrust calcar- eous substratum are variably and confusedly reported as Cliona caribbaea, C. aprica and/or C. langae (Family Clionaidae, Order Hadromerida). They extend sideward undermining and displacing live coral tissue. To resolve the taxonomy of the species, detailed observations and sampling were carried out in Colombia, Venezuela, Curac¸ao, Belize, Jamaica and Puerto Rico. Differences in external morphology and color, and subtle, but consistent differences in spicule morphology and size, revealed the existence of three distinct species, Cliona aprica Pang, 1973, Cliona caribbaea Carter, 1882 (junior synonym C. langae Pang, 1973), and Cliona tenuis sp. nov. C. aprica consists of brown-black, closely spaced papillae that may fuse to form an incomplete thin crust. C. caribbaea is amber brown, often fully encrusting, with thicker (up to 2 mm) tissue and conspicuous oscules, often riddled with zoanthids. C. tenuis covers the entire substratum with a thin, transparent veneer of brownish tissue; oscules are small and inconspicuous.
    [Show full text]
  • Atolls of the World: Revisiting the Original Checklist
    ATOLL RESEARCH BULLETIN NO. 610 ATOLLS OF THE WORLD: REVISITING THE ORIGINAL CHECKLIST Walter M. Goldberg ATOLLS OF THE WORLD: REVISITING THE ORIGINAL CHECKLIST Walter M. Goldberg Atoll Research Bulletin No. 610 28 June 2016 Washington, D.C. All statements made in papers published in the Atoll Research Bulletin are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Smithsonian Institution or of the editors of the bulletin. Articles submitted for publication in the Atoll Research Bulletin should be original papers and must be made available by authors for open access publication. Manuscripts should be consistent with the “Author Formatting Guidelines for Publication in the Atoll Research Bulletin.” All submissions to the bulletin are peer reviewed and, after revision, are evaluated prior to acceptance and publication through the publisher’s open access portal, Open SI (http://opensi.si.edu). Published by SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION SCHOLARLY PRESS P.O. Box 37012, MRC 957 Washington, D.C. 20013‐7012 www.scholarlypress.si.edu The rights to all text and images in this publication are owned by either the contributing authors or third parties. Fair use of materials is permitted for personal, educational, or noncommercial purposes. Users must cite author and source of content, must not alter or modify the content, and must comply with all other terms or restrictions that may be applicable. Users are responsible for securing permission from a rights holder for any other use. ISSN: 0077‐5630 (online) ATOLLS OF THE WORLD: REVISITING THE ORIGINAL CHECKLIST WALTER M. GOLDBERG1 ABSTRACT There is only one published list of atolls of the world (Bryan, 1953) and it is the source of the often- quoted figure that there are 425 or “more than 400” of them.
    [Show full text]
  • Map Showing Geology, Oil and Gas Fields, and Geologic Provinces Of
    U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-470-K 90°0'0"W 85°0'0"W 80°0'0"W 75°0'0"W 70°0'0"W 65°0'0"W 60°0'0"W Atwater Valley Jacksonville Canyon Q Tpm Map Showing Geology, Oil and Gas Fields, and Little Bahama Bank Gulf Cenozoic OCS Great Abaco Canyon 5097 Mississippi Fan Q United States Geologic Provinces of the Caribbean Region Florida Peninsula Little Abaco Canyon Q 5050 t men scarp Gulf Mesozoic OCS Sigsbee E Digitally Compiled by Christopher D. French and Christopher J. Schenk 5098 Q Tpm Jacksonville Knoll Miami Great Bahama Canyon Introduction This map was created as part of a worldwide series of geologic maps for the U.S. Geological Survey's World Energy 25°0'0"N Project, available on CD-ROM and through the Internet. The goal of the project is to assess the undiscovered, technically Niños Knoll The Bahamas Bahama Escarpment recoverable oil and gas resources of the world. For data management purposes, the world was divided into eight energy Colón Seamount Niños Valley regions based on political boundaries and corresponding approximately to the economic regions of the world as defined T Mexico Basin o n g by the U.S. Department of State. Region Six encompasses the Caribbean area, Central America, and South America. u e e g Pinzón Knoll d o i f Q R t h r e o Quintero Knoll Geologic maps were compiled for South America on Open-File Report 97-470-D. Countries listed below are shown Q d O E x a c u v e m l a a a T n rou S T gh n whole or in part within the map extent: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British Virgin ro a u S g Vema Knoll Cay Sal h Sigsbee Deep Islands, Cayman Islands, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Grenada, Nares Abyssal Plain Jordan Knoll Vema Gap Great Bahama Bank Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Camaron Knoll Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, St.
    [Show full text]
  • AC26/PC20 Doc. 7, Annex 5 – P
    AC26/PC20 Doc. 7 Annex 5 (English only / únicamente en inglés / seulement en anglais) EVALUATION OF THE REVIEW OF SIGNIFICANT TRADE: CASE STUDIES* 1. Hippopotamus amphibius Hippopotamus amphibius (common hippopotamus or hippo) is a large semi-aquatic African mammal, traded largely for its teeth, used as ivory, but also for its skin and as trophies. It was included in Appendix II in 1995. Range and overall status Range States: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Cote d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Malawi, Mali, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan (and South Sudan), Swaziland, Togo, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe. The current status of H. amphibius according to the IUCN Red List is Vulnerable. The species was last assessed in 2008, having also been identified as Vulnerable in the assessment carried out in 2006. The total estimated population is thought to be somewhere between 125,000 and 148,000, with the largest proportion in Eastern and Southern African countries (Lewison and Oliver, 2008). The species was classified as Lower Risk/least concern in 1996. Review of Significant Trade Hippopotamus amphibius has been selected twice for the Review of Significant Trade, in 1998 and in 2008. In the first Review, range States were categorised (according to Decision 10.79) as d iii) or d ii) at AC 15 (1999). Those classified as d iii) were those for which preliminary review indicated that the level of trade was evidently not a problem.
    [Show full text]
  • ATOLLS Definition Introduction
    A ATOLLS Definitions of an atoll vary, but emphasize several factors in common. Shepard considered an atoll: “an oval-shaped coral reef surrounding a lagoon in which Colin D. Woodroffe and Naomi Biribo there are no islands other than slightly emerged reefs or School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, small sand cays” (Shepard, 1948, p. 251). Wiens, in his University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia book on atolls, suggested that atoll shape is too irregular to be captured by this definition, and believed that the def- Definition inition by Kuenen is preferable: “all more or less continu- Atolls are annular mid-ocean reefs; the reef rim supports ous reefs surrounding a distinctly deeper lagoon with or isolated, or near-continuous, reef islands composed of without lagoon reefs... which rise from a sea bottom unlithified or poorly consolidated sand or gravel, and which is too deep for the growth of coral reefs” (Newell encloses a central lagoon. and Rigby, 1957, p. 21, following Kuenen). Wiens pro- posed his own definition: “an atoll is a more or less contin- Introduction uous emerged or slightly submerged calcareous reef The term “atoll” is derived from a Maldivian (divehi) word, surrounding a distinctly deeper lagoon or several such atolu. Atolls are ring-shaped reefs that occur in mid-ocean, lagoons without emerged volcanic islands, which stand often in linear island chains or archipelagoes. The most apart from other islands, and whose upper seaward slopes extensive groups of atolls occur in the Pacific Ocean but rise steeper than the repose angle of loose sediments from there are also numerous atolls in the central Indian Ocean a generally volcanic foundation too deep for the growth of (Figure 1).
    [Show full text]
  • No. 19 Check List of Atolls Issued by the PACIFIC SCIBJCE BOARD
    No. 19 Check List of Atolls Issued by THE PACIFIC SCIBJCE BOARD National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council Washington, I). C. CHECK LIST OF ATOLLS Com9iled for the Pacific Science Board by E. H. Bryan, Jr. The foll.ov~ingis a list of islands which are believed to qualify as "a:tolls," as defined at the Coral Atoll Symposium, held in Honolulu, T.H., in February 1951. ---.Included are non-elevated limestone structures with dry land, with or without a lagoon, and not associated olosely with high land. Excluded are elevated atolls (height more than about 25 feet above the sea), ~u~~n~atolls(without dry land), b~rrierreefs surrounding high islands (such as be Trulc group), and reef structures on fringing shelves or plat- forms adjacent to land masses (such as those on the Great Barrier Reef or to the north of western Java.) This list is believed to contain most of the reef structures vhich qualify as "atollsw in Pclpesia an6 Micronesia. The compiler is'less fa- mili.er vnth the reefs of other regions, and it is not unlikely that some "atolls" have been overlooked. Auditions and corrections are desired, and your help is solicited to make a future edition cf this list as complete as possible. A number of sugges-tions have been received from Dr. F.R.Fosberg, and his help is gratefully acltnowledged. Please send any data you may have to the vwiter at Bernice P. Bishop ~Jusewn, lIonclulu 17, I-Iawaii. Please in- clude the geographical coordinates of the reef, or reference to some chart or publication, from which its qualifications as an "atoll" may be verified.
    [Show full text]