DOCSLIB.ORG

Map Showing Geology, Oil and Gas Fields, and Geologic Provinces Of

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Map Showing Geology, Oil and Gas Fields, and Geologic Provinces Of U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-470-K 90°0'0"W 85°0'0"W 80°0'0"W 75°0'0"W 70°0'0"W 65°0'0"W 60°0'0"W Atwater Valley Jacksonville Canyon Q Tpm Map Showing Geology, Oil and Gas Fields, and Little Bahama Bank Gulf Cenozoic OCS Great Abaco Canyon 5097 Mississippi Fan Q United States Geologic Provinces of the Caribbean Region Florida Peninsula Little Abaco Canyon Q 5050 t men scarp Gulf Mesozoic OCS Sigsbee E Digitally Compiled by Christopher D. French and Christopher J. Schenk 5098 Q Tpm Jacksonville Knoll Miami Great Bahama Canyon Introduction This map was created as part of a worldwide series of geologic maps for the U.S. Geological Survey's World Energy 25°0'0"N Project, available on CD-ROM and through the Internet. The goal of the project is to assess the undiscovered, technically Niños Knoll The Bahamas Bahama Escarpment recoverable oil and gas resources of the world. For data management purposes, the world was divided into eight energy Colón Seamount Niños Valley regions based on political boundaries and corresponding approximately to the economic regions of the world as defined T Mexico Basin o n g by the U.S. Department of State. Region Six encompasses the Caribbean area, Central America, and South America. u e e g Pinzón Knoll d o i f Q R t h r e o Quintero Knoll Geologic maps were compiled for South America on Open-File Report 97-470-D. Countries listed below are shown Q d O E x a c u v e m l a a a T n rou S T gh n whole or in part within the map extent: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British Virgin ro a u S g Vema Knoll Cay Sal h Sigsbee Deep Islands, Cayman Islands, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Grenada, Nares Abyssal Plain Jordan Knoll Vema Gap Great Bahama Bank Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Camaron Knoll Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Kv Bahama Platform Havana u Turks and Caicos Islands, United States, Venezuela, and the Virgin Islands. An index map in the lower left-hand corner Kv uK 6119 g lT uK shows the study area in a world context. u J g Q uT Und J Cuba Q Albatros Bank J Q uT TKx Diana Bank lT Q lT uK The world was previously divided into geologic provinces for the World Energy Project, of which a subset is shown on uK u J Q g uT uT Kv Kv u the map. Each province has a set of geologic characteristics that distinguish it from surrounding provinces. These Ki g Campeche Bank TKx Mzb lT Und Q characteristics may include dominant lithologies, the age of the strata, structure, or other geologic features. Each Yucatan Platform Mzg 5308 Mzm Q Kv Gentry Bank Q province is assigned a unique number and may fall within two or more countries or assessment regions. Mzm uT Ki uT Hogsty Reef J Q u uK J Silver Knoll uT Jagua Bank g Kv uT Brown Bank Q Ki Silvertown Bank lT Turks and Caicas Islands Additional information regarding the map compilation and data can be found on the CD-ROM for USGS Open-File Caicos Bank Greater Antilles Deformed Belt Und Kv Kv6117 Report 97-470-K entitled "Map Showing Geology, Oil and Gas Fields, and Geologic Provinces of the Caribbean Region." u uK Ki Q uK In addition, it is available online at: http://certmapper.cr.usgs.gov/pubs/servlet/PubBroker?issue=ofr97470k Merida g Moucho Bank Arrowsmith Bank uT Clarion Bank Q Q Kv Dos Niños Knoll u Ki uK Silver Bank J J Various software packages were used to create this map including: Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. Q uT u Pickle Bank g Tpm Yucatan Basin g (ESRI) ArcGIS 8.3, ArcInfo software, Adobe Photoshop CS, Illustrator CS, and Acrobat 6.0. lT uT Hispaniola Trough Tpm 6123 Mzg TKv uT Mzm Yucatan Basin TKv Mzm uT TKi Navidad Bank 20°0'0"N i uT Mzb Kva i Kva Puerto Rico Trench lT u Q uT Kva QT lT Kv Kv Explanation of Map Units and Symbols Tv uT Puerto Rico Trench Mzg v QTv v Amphitheatre Spur Villahermosa Te Cayman Ridge 6118 Mexico Ki v Ku Uplift Q v QT Kva Mz Mzm pur Maimon Basin 5305 uK Q Sedimentary Rocks Volcanic Rocks Intrusive Rocks Metamorphic Rocks Haiti Tv Ki Cayman Islands Q Mzb u e e Mona S Kv Und Mz Mona Seamount gh Escarpment lTv dge nch a Ri lT Ki Kva Amphitheatre gad Cayman Tre uT TKi uT a Trou ne v n A QTv Ku Engano Canyon n ough Quaternary volcanic edifices, flows, and pyroclastic Cretaceous metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks, n r Mon o T nyo r Qv Ku o bre Q Quaternary alluvium Ti Tertiary plutons, mostly intermediate to silicic Km a Som deposits C low to intermediate metamorphic grade Dominican Republic Canyon QT Misteriosa Bank Qv Mzg s v an Tv za Cany Mzb Ju i lT T Mzb United Kingdom ank uT Molino Lo Port-au-Prince Kv Canyo meyes British Virgin IslandslTv Tv B Mesozoic metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks, Santo Domingo San Malliwana Banklla Qcb Qvi TKi Tertiary and Cretaceous plutons, mostly intermediate to silicic Mzm Q lT Q nk Quaternary carbonate deposits Quaternary pumice fills and pyroclastic mantles Und Ma gui Ki lT Kva uT Kva Q lTv low to intermediate metamorphic grade Chinchorro Bank Q San Juan An Formigas Bank Q TKv K Crocus Ba Kv uK Kv uT Puerto Rico uT K Rosario Bank lT lTv Anguilla Tintamarre Spur Ki Navassa Island lKv my Valley Q lT lT Ti Quaternary and Tertiary marine limestone, sandstone, uT Kv Q Kv QT QTv Quaternary and Tertiary volcanic edifices, flows, tuff, Ki Cretaceous plutons, mostly intermediate to silicic Mzb Mesozoic amphibolites and associated Jamaica lT lTv Tv QT uK Anegada TortolaGap Ridge . Barthélé and shale Q uT u Kv Ki Anguillita Spur Netherlands St silicic pyroclastric and volcanic epiclastic rocks metasedimentary rocks Macuspana u uT Desc ! ! ! Kingston ! ! ! ! ! ! TKi ! ! ! ! Kv T ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Kv ! ! ! !! !! uK Ti ! ! ! ! ! T Tv ! ! ! ! ! Q ! ! ! ! lKv ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! uT ! ! ! ! ! Tv ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Q ! ! ! Basin h ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! eo ! ! ! lTv ! ! Cayman Trough ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Whiting Terrace ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Quaternary and Tertiary volcanic and continental ! Virgin Islands Trough ! !! Mesozoic metavolcanic and associated ! ! ! ! ! QT ! ! !!! ! ! uT !! ! Q ! ! ! !! ! ! Mzi ! ! Mesozoic plutons, mostly intermediate to silicic ! ! QTvc Mzg ! lT ! ! Valley ! ! ! Quaternary and Tertiary continental deposits !! ! ! ! QTc! ! ! 5306 ! ! ! Ti ! ! lT ! ! ! ! Jx ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! New Bank ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 6120 YumaTrough ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! sedimentary rocks ! ! ! ! ! metasedimentary rocks Whiting Seamount ! ! !! !! ! Virgin Islands ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Guayanilla ! !! Neogene Volcanic Belt ! ! ! ! Investigator Canyon Kalli ! ! K y ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! g ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! lT ! ! Canyon St. Croix Ridge ! ! ! ! ! le ! ! ! ! nago Trou ! ! ! l ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 6108 ! ! ! ! Jagüey Spur ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Blossom Bank ! !! ! !! ! ! ! lTv ! ! ! ! Q ! ! ! ! ! ! Q ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! QT ! ! ! Animal Banks ! ! uT ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! uT ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Mesozoic and Paleozoic metasedimentary and ! ! ! ! ! Albatross Bank ua Va ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! gh ! ! ! Pzi ! Tv Tertiary volcanic rocks Paleozoic plutons, mostly intermediate to silicic ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Tertiary continental strata ! ! ! MzPzm g ! ! Tc ! ! ! ! ! ! !! i ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! K ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! lT ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! Kingston Bank ! ! ! ! ! ! ! metaigneous rocks lT ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! uK lT Sa Ant ! ! ! ! K lT Q North Caribbean Deformed Belt ba Saba Bank ! ! Belize Valley r Spur lT uT Q 6116 Qv a Walton Bank Tplv Saint Kitts and Nevis Antigua and Q K Lighthouse Reef Cayman Ridge pCd Paleozoic and Precambrian metamorphic rocks, Barbuda an of W T Tertiary marine strata Tplv Pliocene calc-alkaline volcanic rocks Precambrian diabase sills and dikes. Ages 1,500 - 1,750 m.y. Pzm uT Belmopan 6121 Muertos Trough M undivided uT uK Q K y Tmov Pzi onhana Valley lle K Pz Am a Precambrian metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks, uK Explorer Tablemount V Pliocene and Miocene strata Tva Pliocene and Miocene andesitic flows and associated pCg pCm W Tpm Precambrian granitic rocks. Ages 1,800 - 3,140 m.y. lT da y Pedro Bank est Ave on lle Tplv volcanic rocks undivided K Maya Mountains d Va K Re t Montserrat Pzi rra Lesser Antilles Deformed Belt lT 6125 tse Qv outh Bank s A on m M al th Valley lT F 6107 pron pCmv Precambrian metamorphic rocks of low grade K uK lT Falmou To Oligocene strata Tmov Miocene and Oligocene volcanic rocks pCi Precambrian granitic rocks. Ages 1,000 - 1,550 m.y. K uT Glover Reef Rosalind y lT Pzv le La Desirade Valley ent lT Kahouanne Hole rpm Tv lT i uT u re Val e Esca Saddle Rosalind Bank irad JTr Pzm Lightning Bank Des TKi Qv La Te lTv Eocene and Paleocene volcanic flows and associated pCgn Precambrian quartzofeldspathic gneiss, ferruginous Sierra Madre de Chiapas-Peten Foldbelt te-Noi Eocene strata pCum Precambrian ultramafic rocks Tc TK Niobe Seamount Nicaragua Rise Q K Diriangen Bank in quartzite, and banded biotite gneiss o pyroclastic and volcanogenic sedimentary rocks Q Qv e lT 5310 TK Q P Tmov Guadeloupe Ridg K TK Pijao Bank Alice Shoal JTr K K Alice Gap K TK rranilla Gap QTv uT uT Post-Eocene marine strata TKv pCsv Precambrian metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks Tc e Spur Tertiary and Cretaceous volcanic rocks S Beata Ridge -Terre Basse Marie-Galante apagayos Spur ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! P ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
Load more

Recommended publications
  • International Court of Justice
    INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE Peace Palace, Carnegieplein 2, 2517 KJ The Hague, Netherlands Tel.: +31 (0)70 302 2323 Fax: +31 (0)70 364 9928 Website: www.icj-cij.org Summary Not an official document Summary 2007/4 8 October 2007 Territorial and Maritime Dispute between Nicaragua and Honduras in the Caribbean Sea (Nicaragua v. Honduras) Summary of the Judgment of 8 October 2007 Chronology of the procedure and submissions of the Parties (paras. 1-19) On 8 December 1999 Nicaragua filed an Application instituting proceedings against Honduras in respect of a dispute relating to the delimitation of the maritime areas appertaining to each of those States in the Caribbean Sea. In its Application, Nicaragua sought to found the jurisdiction of the Court on the provisions of Article XXXI of the American Treaty on Pacific Settlement (officially known as the “Pact of Bogotá”), as well as on the declarations accepting the jurisdiction of the Court made by the Parties, as provided for in Article 36, paragraph 2, of the Statute of the Court. Since the Court included upon the Bench no judge of the nationality of either of the Parties, each Party proceeded to exercise its right conferred by Article 31, paragraph 3, of the Statute to choose a judge ad hoc to sit in the case. Nicaragua chose Mr. Giorgio Gaja and Honduras first chose Mr. Julio González Campos, who resigned on 17 August 2006, and subsequently Mr. Santiago Torres Bernárdez. By an Order dated 21 March 2000 the President of the Court fixed 21 March 2001 and 21 March 2002, respectively, as the time-limits for the filing of the Memorial of Nicaragua and the Counter-Memorial of Honduras.
    [Show full text]
  • OGC-98-5 U.S. Insular Areas: Application of the U.S. Constitution
    United States General Accounting Office Report to the Chairman, Committee on GAO Resources, House of Representatives November 1997 U.S. INSULAR AREAS Application of the U.S. Constitution GAO/OGC-98-5 United States General Accounting Office GAO Washington, D.C. 20548 Office of the General Counsel B-271897 November 7, 1997 The Honorable Don Young Chairman Committee on Resources House of Representatives Dear Mr. Chairman: More than 4 million U.S. citizens and nationals live in insular areas1 under the jurisdiction of the United States. The Territorial Clause of the Constitution authorizes the Congress to “make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property” of the United States.2 Relying on the Territorial Clause, the Congress has enacted legislation making some provisions of the Constitution explicitly applicable in the insular areas. In addition to this congressional action, courts from time to time have ruled on the application of constitutional provisions to one or more of the insular areas. You asked us to update our 1991 report to you on the applicability of provisions of the Constitution to five insular areas: Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (the CNMI), American Samoa, and Guam. You asked specifically about significant judicial and legislative developments concerning the political or tax status of these areas, as well as court decisions since our earlier report involving the applicability of constitutional provisions to these areas. We have included this information in appendix I. 1As we did in our 1991 report on this issue, Applicability of Relevant Provisions of the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Trilobites of the Hagastrand Member (Tøyen Formation, Lowermost Arenig) from the Oslo Region, Norway. Part Il: Remaining Non-Asaphid Groups
    Trilobites of the Hagastrand Member (Tøyen Formation, lowermost Arenig) from the Oslo Region, Norway. Part Il: Remaining non-asaphid groups OLE A. HOEL Hoel, O. A.: Trilobites of the Hagastrand Member (Tøyen Formation, lowermost Arenig) from the Oslo Region, Norway. Part Il: remaining non-asaphid groups. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, Vol. 79, pp. 259-280. Oslo 1999. ISSN 0029-196X. This is Part Il of a two-part description of the trilobite fauna of the Hagastrand Member (Tøyen Formation) in the Oslo, Eiker­ Sandsvær, Modum and Mjøsa areas. In this part, the non-asaphid trilobites are described, while the asaphid species have been described previously. The history and status of the Tremadoc-Arenig Boundary problem is also reviewed, and I have found no reason to insert a Hunnebergian Series between the Tremadoc and the Arenig series, as has been suggested by some workers. Descriptions of the localities yielding this special trilobite fauna are provided. Most of the 22 trilobite species found in the Hagastrand Member also occur in Sweden. The 12 non-asaphid trilobites described herein belong to the families Metagnostidae, Shumardiidae, Remopleurididae, Nileidae, Cyclopygidae, Raphiophoridae, Alsataspididae and Pliomeridae. One new species is described; Robergiella tjemviki n. sp. Ole A. Hoel, Paleontologisk Museum, Sars gate l, N-0562 Oslo, Norway. Introduction contemporaneous platform deposits in Sweden are domi­ nated by a condensed limestone succession. In Norway, the The Tremadoc-Arenig Boundary interval is a crucial point Tøyen Formation is divided into two members: the lower in the evolution of several invertebrate groups, especially among the graptolites and the trilobites. In the graptolites, this change consisted most significantly in the loss of bithekae and a strong increase in diversity.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution of the Northern Nicaragua Rise During the Oligocene–Miocene: Drowning by Environmental Factors
    Sedimentary Geology 175 (2005) 237–258 www.elsevier.com/locate/sedgeo Research paper Evolution of the Northern Nicaragua Rise during the Oligocene–Miocene: Drowning by environmental factors Maria Muttia,T, Andre´ W. Droxlerb, Andrew D. Cunninghamc aInstitut fu¨r Geowissenschaften, Universita¨t Potsdam, Postfach 60 15 53, Potsdam D-14415, Germany bRice University, Department of Earth Science, P.O. Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251-1892, USA cBP Amoco, 501 Westlake Park Boulevard, Houston, TX 77253-3092, USA Received 16 June 2004; received in revised form 14 December 2004; accepted 20 December 2004 Abstract Possible causes to explain platform drowning have been hotly debated by carbonate sedimentologists for more than a decade now. In this paper, we present multiple evidence to explain the drowning of a carbonate megabank that covered most of the modern Northern Nicaragua Rise (NNR) during an interval spanning from late Oligocene to early Miocene by the interaction of several environmental factors. The recovery during ODP Leg 165 of late Oligocene to middle Miocene sedimentary sequences in the sub-seafloor of the modern channels and basin, Pedro Channel and Walton Basin, respectively, that dissect the NNR (Site 1000) and south of the rise in the Colombian Basin (Site 999), combined with information from dredged rock samples, allows us to explore in more detail the timing and possible mechanisms responsible for the drowning of the megabank and its relationship to Miocene climate change. The modern system of isolated banks and shelves dissected by a series of intervening seaways and basins on the NNR has evolved from a continuous, shallow-water carbonate bmegabankQ that extended from the Honduras/Nicaraguan mainland to the modern island of Jamaica.
    [Show full text]
  • First Record of the Early Sheinwoodian Carbon Isotope Excursion (ESCIE) from the Barrandian Area of Northwestern Peri-Gondwana
    Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2015, 64, 1, 42–46 doi: 10.3176/earth.2015.08 First record of the early Sheinwoodian carbon isotope excursion (ESCIE) from the Barrandian area of northwestern peri-Gondwana Jiri Frýdaa,b, Oliver Lehnertc–e and Michael Joachimskic a Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha 6 – Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic b Czech Geological Survey, Klárov 3/131, 118 21 Prague 1, Czech Republic; [email protected] c GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Universität Erlangen, Schlossgarten 5, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; [email protected], [email protected] d Department of Geology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, 223 62 Lund, Sweden; [email protected] e Institute of Geology at Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia Received 15 July 2014, accepted 21 October 2014 Abstract. The δ13C record from an early Sheinwoodian limestone unit in the Prague Basin suggests its deposition during the time of the early Sheinwoodian carbon isotope excursion (ESCIE). The geochemical data set represents the first evidence for the ESCIE in the Prague Basin which was located in high latitudes on the northwestern peri-Gondwana shelf during early Silurian times. Key words: Silurian, early Sheinwoodian, carbon isotope excursion, northern peri-Gondwana, Barrandian area, Prague Basin, Czech Republic. INTRODUCTION represent, beside coeval diamictites in western peri- Gondwana, an evidence of an early Silurian glaciation. The early Sheinwoodian carbon isotope excursion The expression of this glacial in the Prague Basin has (ESCIE) is known from several palaeocontinents in the already been discussed with respect to the deposition Silurian tropics and subtropics (Lehnert et al.
    [Show full text]
  • (Strombus Gigas) in Colombia
    NDF WORKSHOP CASE STUDIES WG 9 – Aquatic Invertebrates CASE STUDY 3 Strombus gigas Country – COLOMBIA Original language – English NON-DETRIMENTAL FINDINGS FOR THE QUEEN CONCH (STROMBUS GIGAS) IN COLOMBIA AUTHORS: Martha Prada1 Erick Castro2 Elizabeth Taylor1 Vladimir Puentes3 Richard Appeldoorn4 Nancy Daves5 1 CORALINA 2 Secretaria de Agricultura y Pesca 3 Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial 4 Universidad Puerto Rico – Caribbean Coral Reef Institute 5 NOAA Fisheries I. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON THE TAXA The queen conch (Strombus gigas) has been a highly prized species since pre-Columbian times, dating the period of the Arawak and Carib Indians. Early human civilizations utilized the shell as a horn for reli- gious ceremonies, for trade and ornamentation such as bracelets, hair- pins, and necklaces. Archeologists have also found remnants of conch shell pieces that were used as tools, possibly to hollow out large trees once used as canoes (Brownell and Stevely 1981). The earliest record of commercial harvest and inter-island trade extend from the mid 18th century, when dried conch meat was shipped from the Turks and Caicos Islands to the neighboring island of Hispaniola (Ninnes 1984). In Colombia, queen conch constitutes one of the most important Caribbean fisheries, it is second in value, after the spiny lobster. The oceanic archipelago of San Andrés, Providence and Santa Catalina pro- duces more than 95% country’s total production of this species. This fishery began in the 1970´s when the continental-shelf archipelagos of San Bernardo and Rosario, following full exploitation were quickly depleted due to a lack of effective management (Mora 1994).
    [Show full text]
  • What Is a Nation: the Micronationalist Challenge to Traditional Concepts of the Nation-State
    WHAT IS A NATION: THE MICRONATIONALIST CHALLENGE TO TRADITIONAL CONCEPTS OF THE NATION-STATE A Thesis by Bennie Lee Ferguson Master of Arts, Wichita State University, 2009 Submitted to the Department of History and the faculty of the Graduate School of Wichita State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts May 2009 © Copyright 2009 by Bennie Lee Ferguson All Rights Reserved WHAT IS A NATION: THE MICRONATIONALIST CHALLENGE TO TRADITIONAL CONCEPTS OF THE NATION-STATE The following faculty members have examined the final copy of this thesis for form and content, and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Arts with a major in History. _____________________________________ George Dehner, Committee Chair _____________________________________ Jay Price, Committee Member _____________________________________ Deborah Gordon, Committee Member iii DEDICATION To my son, David Lee Ferguson, my father, Basil Lee Ferguson, my mother, Alberta Zongker, my good friend Michael Cummans, and His Excellency President Kevin Baugh of the Republic of Molossia iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to extend my gratitude to several members of the faculty of Wichita State University, including Dr. John Dreifort, Dr. Anthony Gythiel, and Dr. Craig Miner. I would also like to thank the members of my committee, Dr. Jay Price, Dr. Deborah Gordon, and especially my thesis chair, Dr. George Dehner, for their guidance and counsel, not only in regard to this project, but
    [Show full text]
  • The Carboniferous Evolution of Nova Scotia
    Downloaded from http://sp.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on September 27, 2021 The Carboniferous evolution of Nova Scotia J. H. CALDER Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources, PO Box 698, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3J 2T9 Abstract: Nova Scotia during the Carboniferous lay at the heart of palaeoequatorial Euramerica in a broadly intermontane palaeoequatorial setting, the Maritimes-West-European province; to the west rose the orographic barrier imposed by the Appalachian Mountains, and to the south and east the Mauritanide-Hercynide belt. The geological affinity of Nova Scotia to Europe, reflected in elements of the Carboniferous flora and fauna, was mirrored in the evolution of geological thought even before the epochal visits of Sir Charles Lyell. The Maritimes Basin of eastern Canada, born of the Acadian-Caledonian orogeny that witnessed the suture of Iapetus in the Devonian, and shaped thereafter by the inexorable closing of Gondwana and Laurasia, comprises a near complete stratal sequence as great as 12 km thick which spans the Middle Devonian to the Lower Permian. Across the southern Maritimes Basin, in northern Nova Scotia, deep depocentres developed en echelon adjacent to a transform platelet boundary between terranes of Avalon and Gondwanan affinity. The subsequent history of the basins can be summarized as distension and rifting attended by bimodal volcanism waning through the Dinantian, with marked transpression in the Namurian and subsequent persistence of transcurrent movement linking Variscan deformation with Mauritainide-Appalachian convergence and Alleghenian thrusting. This Mid- Carboniferous event is pivotal in the Carboniferous evolution of Nova Scotia. Rapid subsidence adjacent to transcurrent faults in the early Westphalian was succeeded by thermal sag in the later Westphalian and ultimately by basin inversion and unroofing after the early Permian as equatorial Pangaea finally assembled and subsequently rifted again in the Triassic.
    [Show full text]
  • San Andrés, Old Providence and Santa Catalina (Caribbean Sea, Colombia)
    REEF ENVIRONMENTS AND GEOLOGY OF AN OCEANIC ARCHIPELAGO: SAN ANDRÉS, OLD PROVIDENCE AND SANTA CATALINA (CARIBBEAN SEA, COLOMBIA) with Field Guide JÓRN GEISTER Y JUAN MANUEL DÍAZ República de Colombia MINISTERIO DE MINAS Y ENERGÍA INSTITUTO COLOMBIANO DE GEOLOGÍA Y MINERÍA INGEOMINAS REEF ENVIRONMENTS AND GEOLOGY OF AN OCEANIC ARCHIPELAGO: SAN ANDRÉS, OLD PROVIDENCE AND SANTA. CATALINA (CARIBBEAN SEA, COLOMBIA with FIELD GUIDE) INGEOMINAS 2007 DIAGONAL 53 N°34-53 www.ingeominas.gov.co DIRECTOR GENERAL MARIO BALLESTEROS MEJÍA SECRETARIO GENERAL EDWIN GONZÁLEZ MORENO DIRECTOR SERVICIO GEOLÓGICO CÉSAR DAVID LÓPEZ ARENAS DIRECTOR SERVICIO MINERO (e) EDWARD ADAN FRANCO GAMBOA SUBDIRECTOR DE GEOLOGÍA BÁSICA ORLANDO NAVAS CAMACHO COORDINADORA GRUPO PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA, ATENCIÓN AL CLIENTE Y COMUNICACIONES SANDRA ORTIZ ÁNGEL AUTORES: 315RN GEISTER Y JUAN MANUEL DÍAZ REVISIÓN EDITORIAL HUMBERTO GONZÁLEZ CARMEN ROSA CASTIBLANCO DISEÑO Y DIAGRAMACIÓN GUSTAVO VEJARANO MATIZ J SILVIA GUTIÉRREZ PORTADA: Foto: Estación en el mar Cl. San Andrés: Pared vertical de Bocatora Hole a -30 m. El coral Montastraea sp. adoptó una forma plana. Agosto de 1998. IMPRESIÓN IMPRENTA NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA CONTENT PREFACE 7 1. GENERAL BACKGROUND 8 2. STRUCTURAL SETTING AND REGIONAL GEOLOGY OF THE ARCHIPÉLAGO 9 2.1 Caribbean Piafe 9 2.2 Upper and Lower Nicaraguan Rises 9 2.3 Hess Escarpment and Colombia Basin 11 2.4 Islands and atolls of the Archipelago 12 3. CLIMATE AND OCEANOGRAPHY 14 4. GENERAL CHARACTERS OF WESTERN CARIBBEAN OCEANIC REEF COMPLEXE (fig. 7)
    [Show full text]
  • Search Bullet No
    SEARCH BULLET NO. 236 ashineon, D.C., U.S.A. November 1979 I Poior t Md,tiniq"Q - CARI88EAN g o i 5r LvuajJ =& 8' SEA v'"i'"r? aJ,bdd-,D The White Horra , VENEZUELA - Jort Vai Gwat rcbw '& .; ",& THE VIRGIN ISLANDS Scale of Mlles III I d I bog Rod Heights In Feet SOME ASPECTS OF THE ECOLOGY OF REEFS SURROUNDING ANEGADA, BRITISH VIRGIIY ISLANDS 1. 2. by R.P. Dunne and B.E. Brown Introductory Description Anegada is a most unique island from many aspects. Northernmost of the American and British Virgin Islands and easternmost of the Greater Antilles, it is a flat limestone island, 17 km long and 4 km wide with a total area of about 14.94 square miles (9,567 acres 54 sq km), It is set aside from the other British Virgin Islands, being some 19 km from Virgin Gorda, its closest neighbour. It lies in distinct contrast to the volcanic and mountainous landscapes of the Virgin Group, with a maximum elevation of only 8 metres, To the north and east (windward side) the island is edged by extensive reefs beyond which stretches the Atlantic Ocean. On the leeward side, a shallow sea (2 to 8 m) separates Anegada from the main Virgin Island Group. His tory Schmburgk (1832) is the earliest authority on the island, having visited it in 1831 when he completed a most extensive survey. He writes: 'Of its history little is known; there is no likelihood that it was settled early. Ere Labat, the only early writer who speaks of the Lesser West India islands, observes, that aborigines used it as an occasional rendezvous, where they procured great quantities of conchs (~trombusgigas); and large piles of these shells are still to be seen at the east end of the island, but nowhere else ; which seems to prove decidedly that it was not permanently accupied, but merely resorted to from time to time.
    [Show full text]
  • 발행국명 코드 지시 Abu Dhabi → United Arab Emirates [Ts] Abu Zaby
    발행국명 코드 지시 Abu Dhabi → United Arab Emirates [ts] Abu Zaby → United Arab Emirates [ts] Aden → Yemen [ye] Aden (Protectorate) → Yemen [ye] Admiralty Islands → Papua New Guinea [pp] Aegean Islands → Greece [gr] Afars → Djibouti [ft] Afghanistan af Agalega Islands → Mauritius [mf] Agrihan Island → Northern Mariana Islands [nw] Aguijan Island → Northern Mariana Islands [nw] Ahvenanmaa → Finland [fi] Ailinglapalap Atoll → Marshall Islands [xe] Ajman → United Arab Emirates [ts] Alamagan Island → Northern Mariana Islands [nw] Aland Islands → Finland [fi] Albania aa Aldabra Islands → Seychelles [se] Algeria ae Alofi → Wallis and Futuna [wf] Alphonse Island → Seychelles [se] American Samoa as Amindivi Islands → India [ii] Amirante Isles → Seychelles [se] Amsterdam Island → Terres australes et antarctiques francaises [fs] Anatahan Island → Northern Mariana Islands [nw] Andaman Islands → India [ii] Andorra an Anegada → British Virgin Islands [vb] Angaur Island → Palau [pw] Angola ao Anguilla am Code changed from [ai] to [am] Anjouan Island → Comoros [cq] Annobon → Equatorial Guinea [eg] Antarctica ay Antigua → Antigua and Barbuda [aq] Antigua and Barbuda aq Arab Republic of Egypt → Egypt [ua] Arab Republic of Yemen → Yemen [ye] Archipielago de Colon → Ecuador [ec] Argentina ag Armenia (Republic) ai Arno (Atoll) → Marshall Islands [xe] Arquipelago dos Bijagos → Guinea-Bissau [pg] 발행국명 코드 지시 Aruba aw Ascension Island (Atlantic Ocean) → Saint Helena [xj] Ascension Island (Micronesia) → Micronesia (Federated States) [fm] Ashanti → Ghana [gh] Ashmore and Cartier Islands ⓧ ac → Australia [at] Asuncion Island → Northern Mariana Islands [nw] Atafu Atoll → Tokelau [tl] Atauro, Ilha de → Indonesia [io] Austral Islands → French Polynesia [fp] Australia at Austria au Azerbaijan aj Azores → Portugal [po] Babelthuap Island → Palau [pw] Bahamas bf Bahrain ba Bahrein → Bahrain [ba] Baker Island → United States Misc.
    [Show full text]
  • Guideline for Implementation of Ansi Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries, Dependencies, and Areas of Special Sovereignty
    FIPS PUB 104 NBS RESEARCH INFORMATION CENTER FEDERAL INFORMATION PROCESSING STANDARDS PUBLICATION 1983 SEPTEMBER 19 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE/National Bureau of Standards GUIDELINE FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ANSI CODES 104 FOR THE REPRESENTATION OF NAMES PUB OF COUNTRIES, DEPENDENCIES, AND AREAS OF SPECIAL SOVEREIGNTY FIPS ««jEGORY: DATA STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES 468 ^CATEGORY: REPRESENTATIONS AND CODES • A8A3 #104 1983 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Malcolm Baldrige, Secretary NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernest Ambler, Director Foreword The Federal Information Processing Standards Publication Series of the National Bureau of Standards is the official publication relating to standards adopted and promulgated under the provisions of Public Law 89-306 (Brooks Act) and under Part 6 of Title 15, Code of Federal Regulations. These legislative and executive mandates have given the Secretary of Commerce important responsibilities for inproving the utilization and management of computers and automatic data processing in the Federal Government. To carry out the Secretary's responsibilities, the NBS, through its Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology, provides leadership, technical guidance, and coordination of Government efforts in the development of guidelines and standards in these areas. Comments concerning Federal Information Processing Standards Publications are welcomed and should be addressed to the Director, Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC 20234. James H. Burrows, Director Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology Abstract This Guideline implements ANSI Z39.27, Structure for the Representation of Names of Countries of the World for Information Interchange, of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). ANSI Z39.27 adepts, with qualifications, the entities, names, and cpdes prescribed by ISO 3166, Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries, a standard of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
    [Show full text]