DOCSLIB.ORG

The Muslim Empires of the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals Stephen Frederic Dale Index More Information

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Muslim Empires of the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals Stephen Frederic Dale Index More Information Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-69142-0 - The Muslim Empires of the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals Stephen Frederic Dale Index More information Index ‘Abbasid Caliphate 10, 12, 14 Agra fort 136 ‘Abbasid Caliphs 10, 11, 14, 15, 19, 21, 22, Ahmednagar, conquered by Shah Jahan 205 33; see also Baghdad, Buyids Aibak, Indian ghulam general 22 Harun al-Rashid 13 Aleppo, Saljuq rule in 40 denounced by Shah Tahmasp 91 Alexandria, Saljuq trade with 41 legitimacy 11 ‘Ali/Shi‘i Imam 12; see also Imams, Safavid al-Ma’mun 14 Empire, Shi‘as al-Mansur 13 ‘Ali b. Muhammad al-Kushdi, Timurid al-Muntasir 22 astronomer in Istanbul 83 al-Mu’tasim 16 Ali Qapu palace, Isfahan 136; see also Isfahan murdered by Mongols 46 Amasya, Anatolia, Sultan Bayezid II mosque pretenders, in Egypt 30 140; see also architecture, resurgence. in twelfth century 40 Ottoman Saljuqs welcomed 33, 34 Amir Khusrau Dihlavi, Indo-Persian poet Sunnis 12 28, 29, 30, 42, 101 ‘Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani, Sufi pir, see Ottoman Chishti Sufi allegiance 30 emperors, Süleyman fame in Persianate world 29 ‘Abd al-Wahhab, Muslim fundamentalist 281 Hindu pantheism 30 Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, Prophet’s companion, India, “paradise on earth,” 29 attacks Constantinople 79 Khurasan, comparison with India 29 Abu’l Fazl ‘Allami, see Mughal emperors, panegyric poems 29 Akbar Sufi ghazals 29 Abu Sa‘id ibn Abi’l Khair, Iranian Sufi 36, verse forms 29 37, 38, 65 Amu Darya River, Mawarannahr 40 biography of 36 Anatolia/ Rum, pre-Ottoman history 10, 11, 15 comparison with later Sufis 36 Greek orthodox population 25 criticizes orthodoxy 36 Oghuz nomads in 33, 41 khangah institution 36 Saljuqs in 40; see also Saljuqs hajj, rejects significance of 36 Shah-nama,influence in 20 music in devotions 36 Sunni Islam in 33 orthodox ‘ulama offended 36 Sunni madrasasin35 Persian devotional verse 36 Turks in 17, 33 Quran, mystical meaning 36 Ankara, Battle of 47, 73; see also Ottoman Achaemenid Iran 70 Empire, Temür Aegean, Oghuz tribes reach 41 Antioch 40 Afghanistan (see also Kabul) Aq Quyunlu Turks 49, 52, 63; see also Ghaznavid rule 21 “White Sheep” dynasty, Mongol invasion 24, 45, see also Balkh, Safavids, tribal dynasties Chinggis Khan, Il-Khanids conquests 64 Turks in 24 marriages with Safavid pirs 65 Afghans (see also Ludhis, Mughal Empire) painting 165 Ghaznavid troops 21 Persianate architecture 145 rulers in India 11, 22, 31 Perso-Islamic administration 64, 65 321 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-69142-0 - The Muslim Empires of the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals Stephen Frederic Dale Index More information 322 Index Aq Quyunlu Turks (cont.) Lahuri’s contemporary description 219 Qara Usman 64 pietra dura work 220 comparison with Chinggis Qan 64 unique features 220 succession conflicts 64 waqf endowment 221 tribal laws, Oghuz traditions 64 Temür’s tomb, example for tribal leader 64 Mughals 149 Sunni Islam 65 Ottoman: Uzun Hasan Aq Quyunlu 63, 64, Aya Sofia, architectural standard 211 82, 178 cathedral mosque 140 Yakub 67 comparison with Greek church Aq Şemseddin, Sufi pir, see Ottoman design 139 emperors, Mehmet II “domed-square” style 139, 141 Arabs (see also Arabic) Firuz Ag˘a mosque, Istanbul 140 dominance in early Islamic world 14 Green Mosque 138 ethnic groups 4 Harettin, architect 140 tribal forces 16 Iranian influence 139 Arabic kulliye complexes 138, 140, 141 language xiii, xiv, 14, 16, 42 Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo scientific language of Islam 20 invited 141 Aral Sea, Mawarannahr 40 multi-domed imperial mosques 142 architecture (see also Muslim empires) Orhon 138 glazed tiles 139 purpose 208 geographic divide between Anatolia and Qavam al-Din of Shiraz 137, 145 Iran 142 regional style 138 Islam and monumental architecture 149 Saljuq influence 140 mosque style 147 Şehzade mosque 140 Mughal classicism 219 Sinan, architect 140, 142, 208, octagonal tomb design 147 209, 219 pre-Mughal 147; Shir Shah Suri tomb, appointed by Süleyman Bihar 147 calligraphy 211 Sayyid Muhammad, Iranian architect Sunni names 211 of Humayun’s tomb 148 character of buildings 209 Shah Jahan’s buildings 208, 219, see also devshirme Christian 209 Mughal emperors, Shah Jahan imperial function 211, 212 Taj Mahal, 219 interior decoration, Iznik tiles 211 bazaars 221 Janissary training 209 comparison with Humayun’s Selimiye masjid, Edirne 209 tomb 220 Sufi khangahs 139 garden setting 221 Süleymaniye kulliye complex 212 Mughal: Sunni institutions 212 Aurangzib’s tomb 148, 149 waqf 212 Babur’s tomb 148 Süleymaniye masjid, Istanbul 209 comparison with Ottoman and Safavid Solomon’s temple 211 buildings 147 surpasses Aya Sofia 211 Fatehpur Sikri, Akbar’s mosque 147 Sultan Bayezid II mosque 140 Hasht Bihisht model 147; see also Ulucami, Bursa 140 architecture, Safavid waqfs 139 Hasht Bihisht structure 149 Yeşil Cami masjid, Bursa 140 octagonal design 149 Safavid (see also Temür and Timurids): red sandstone construction 149 after Shah ‘Abbas I 208, 216 Humayun’s tomb 148 ‘Ali Qapu palace, Isfahan 95 comparison with Ottomans and blue/turquoise tiles 143, 145 Safavids 148 calligraphy 145 comparison with Taj Mahal 149 Chihil Sutun palace, Isfahan 136, Timurid renaissance building 149 218; see also Isfahan © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-69142-0 - The Muslim Empires of the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals Stephen Frederic Dale Index More information Index 323 Chihil Sutun palace, Qazvin 146 subordinates Muslim clergy 60 Chini-khanah, Ardebil 146 Turkish not Muslim identity 290 Friday mosque, Isfahan 142 Aya Sophia, Istanbul: geography of Iranian influence 142 conversion from Christian cathedral 79 Hasht Bihisht/Eight Paradise palace, Azerbaijan, Iran 47 Tabriz 146 Azerbaijani/Azeri Turkish 49 Imam Riza shrine, Mashad, Iran 145 Isfahan, Shah ‘Abbas I’s new city Baba’i revolt, Anatolia 43, 52; see also 212; see also Isfahan popular piety, Turks iwan Sasanian influence 142 Baba Ishaq 43 Khadju Bridge, Isfahan 218 Safavid analogies 44, 86 Mader-i Shah complex, Isfahan 219 Babur, Zahir al-Din, see Mughal emperors masjids comparison with Ottoman Baghdad 10, 14, 18; see also ‘Abbasids buildings 214 Il-Khanid Mongols in 46 Mirak-i Sayyid Ghiyas, Iranian madrasa in 35 architect 148 occupied by Saljuqs 33, 34 Mulla Hasan-i Shirazi tomb, Sultaniya, Ottoman occupation 89; see also Ottoman Iran 146 Empire, Safavid Empire octagonal design 143 see also Mughal Turkic slaves in 16 architecture Bahmani Sultanate, India 31 Perso-Islamic style 142 independent Indo-Muslim sultanate 31 Qazvin, Shah Tahmasp’s complex 146 Iranian émigrés in 31 Safi al-Din shrine, Ardebil 146 relations with Safavids 31 Shah ‘Abbas’s reign 212 Shi‘i Muslims in Deccan, 31 Shah Sultan Husain masjid 208 Bairam Khan, see Mughal Empire Shi‘i clergy and Safavid architecture 219 Balban, Slave Sultan of Delhi 22, 24 Sih u Sih Pul bridge, Isfahan 218 Balkans (see also Ottoman conquests) Temür and Iranian architecture 143, Muslim rule in 1 144 Ottoman campaigns against 82 Timurid architecture/Iranian Barani, Zia al-Din 25, 26, 56, 57 architecture 144 Chishti Sufi 28 Uljaitu’s tomb, early Iranian style 143, critiques Hindu influence 25, 26 147 Barmakids, Iranians 14 wall paintings, Chihil Sutun palace 218 Bay of Bengal: Yazd, congregational mosque 143 Muslim rule in 1 Ardebil, Iran, Safavid Sufi shrine 48, 52, 65, Baihaqi, Ghaznavid historian 20 79, 90, 146 Beg˘liks, Oghuz principalities in Anatolia 41, Aristotle 6, 14, 19, 37, 159, 194 42; see also Ottomans, Armenians (see also Christians, Jews, millat) Karamanids Isfahan mercantile community 120 effect of Mongol invasion 45 Ottoman Empire 84 Ottoman conflicts with 51 ashura rituals, see Shi‘as Bektashi Sufis, 52 astronomy and mathematics: attacked by Mahmud II 281; see also research in fifteenth century 36 Janissaries Atalya, Anatolia, Saljuq conquest 41 Christian elements 44 Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal 256 comparison with Indian Naqshbandis 103 abolishes Ottoman Empire 287 doctrines 44 “Atatürk,”“Father of the Turks,” 54 Haji Bektash, founder 44 Atatürk Ghazi 55 Janissary order 44 charisma 290 popularity in Ottoman Empire 44, 183 contempt for Islam 290 resemble Baba’is 44 defeats Europeans at Gallipoli 55, 287 resemble Safavids 44 establishes Turkish Republic 287 Bengali language, 27 rejects Islamic title Padishah-i Islam 290 Bijapur sultanate, Mughal suzereinty 205, repels Europeans and Greeks 287 262, 263 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-69142-0 - The Muslim Empires of the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals Stephen Frederic Dale Index More information 324 Index al-Biruni, Abu Raihan 19, 20 Chishti Sufis(see also Amir Khusrau Dihlavi, Black Sea, Saljuq commerce 41 Nizam al-Din Auliya) “Black Sheep,” Oghuz tribal dynasty attitude toward conversion 28 47; see also Aq Quyunlu, Qara comparison with Indian Naqshbandis 103 Quyunlu hostile to the state 28, 66 British Empire 248 moral exemplars 28 conquest of Ottoman territories 287 Christians 39 see also Ottomans and Safavids Iran 254 fate in Saljuq era 39 Bukhara, Mawarannahr 14, 17, 19 see also in Muslim empires 4 Samanids Saljuq Iran 39 Bulgaria 61 Christians, in Muslim empires 39 (see also Bursa (see also Ottoman economy, Ottoman Armenians, Safavid emperors, Empire) Shah ‘Abbas): first Ottoman capital 48 Jesuits, see Mughal Empire Green Mosque 140 orthodox, in Ottoman Empire 84 Ottoman religious institutions 60 clerical class/‘ulama 13; see also Mughal silk trade emporium 115 Empire, Ottoman Empire threatened
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Phd 15.04.27 Versie 3
    Promotor Prof. dr. Jan Dumolyn Vakgroep Geschiedenis Decaan Prof. dr. Marc Boone Rector Prof. dr. Anne De Paepe Nederlandse vertaling: Een Spiegel voor de Sultan. Staatsideologie in de Vroeg Osmaanse Kronieken, 1300-1453 Kaftinformatie: Miniature of Sultan Orhan Gazi in conversation with the scholar Molla Alâeddin. In: the Şakayıku’n-Nu’mâniyye, by Taşköprülüzâde. Source: Topkapı Palace Museum, H1263, folio 12b. Faculteit Letteren & Wijsbegeerte Hilmi Kaçar A Mirror for the Sultan State Ideology in the Early Ottoman Chronicles, 1300- 1453 Proefschrift voorgelegd tot het behalen van de graad van Doctor in de Geschiedenis 2015 Acknowledgements This PhD thesis is a dream come true for me. Ottoman history is not only the field of my research. It became a passion. I am indebted to Prof. Dr. Jan Dumolyn, my supervisor, who has given me the opportunity to take on this extremely interesting journey. And not only that. He has also given me moral support and methodological guidance throughout the whole process. The frequent meetings to discuss the thesis were at times somewhat like a wrestling match, but they have always been inspiring and stimulating. I also want to thank Prof. Dr. Suraiya Faroqhi and Prof. Dr. Jo Vansteenbergen, for their expert suggestions. My colleagues of the History Department have also been supportive by letting me share my ideas in development during research meetings at the department, lunches and visits to the pub. I would also like to sincerely thank the scholars who shared their ideas and expertise with me: Dimitris Kastritsis, Feridun Emecen, David Wrisley, Güneş Işıksel, Deborah Boucayannis, Kadir Dede, Kristof d’Hulster, Xavier Baecke and many others.
    [Show full text]
  • Turkomans Between Two Empires
    TURKOMANS BETWEEN TWO EMPIRES: THE ORIGINS OF THE QIZILBASH IDENTITY IN ANATOLIA (1447-1514) A Ph.D. Dissertation by RIZA YILDIRIM Department of History Bilkent University Ankara February 2008 To Sufis of Lāhijan TURKOMANS BETWEEN TWO EMPIRES: THE ORIGINS OF THE QIZILBASH IDENTITY IN ANATOLIA (1447-1514) The Institute of Economics and Social Sciences of Bilkent University by RIZA YILDIRIM In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY BILKENT UNIVERSITY ANKARA February 2008 I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History. …………………….. Assist. Prof. Oktay Özel Supervisor I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History. …………………….. Prof. Dr. Halil Đnalcık Examining Committee Member I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History. …………………….. Prof. Dr. Ahmet Yaşar Ocak Examining Committee Member I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History. …………………….. Assist. Prof. Evgeni Radushev Examining Committee Member I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History.
    [Show full text]
  • Relations Between Akkoyunlu and Karamanogullari
    RELATIONS BETWEEN AKKOYUNLUS AND KARAMANOGULLARI Ilhan ERDEM (University of Ankara, Turkey) Karamanogullari, one of the largest groups among those Turkish communities who lived in Anatolia, immigrated to Anatolia in the first half of the 13th century and settled in the southern parts of Toros Region, Ermenek Mut, Larende, etc., where they became a sovereign power in a short time and left their marks on the political, ethical and cultural areas. Their crowdedness and sound organizational structure distracted the attention of Seljuk Government, and Turkish Seljuks availed themselves of Karamans as a military power for their invasion raids. However, Karamans ran counter to the Government following the death of Aladdin Keykubad, which resulted in the Mogulian invasion of Anatolia (July, 1243 AD). As the Mogulian sovereignty lessened the central authority of Turkish Seljuks, the balance of political powers in Anatolia began to re-shape. Turkmens proceeded to take action on the one hand, while the decentralized feudal aristocracy gained power in the state on the other. Karamans were the first group who took action for independence and fought against Moguls. In 1256, the process of establishment of principalities was completely carried out with the besiegement of Ermenek by IV Kilij Arslan, the Sultan of Seljuks in that period. Karaman Beg (1256-61), the founder of the principality had it as a motto to fight against Moguls, and with this slogan, made a raid on Konya in 1261, in the name of the overthrown Sultan İzzeddin Keykavus. However, the alerted Seljuk-Mogulian forces blocked them in front of the Castle Gevele, and here Turkmens lost the battle.
    [Show full text]
  • The Seljuks of Anatolia: an Epigraphic Study
    American University in Cairo AUC Knowledge Fountain Theses and Dissertations 2-1-2017 The Seljuks of Anatolia: An epigraphic study Salma Moustafa Azzam Follow this and additional works at: https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds Recommended Citation APA Citation Azzam, S. (2017).The Seljuks of Anatolia: An epigraphic study [Master’s thesis, the American University in Cairo]. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/656 MLA Citation Azzam, Salma Moustafa. The Seljuks of Anatolia: An epigraphic study. 2017. American University in Cairo, Master's thesis. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/656 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by AUC Knowledge Fountain. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of AUC Knowledge Fountain. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Seljuks of Anatolia: An Epigraphic Study Abstract This is a study of the monumental epigraphy of the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate, also known as the Sultanate of Rum, which emerged in Anatolia following the Great Seljuk victory in Manzikert against the Byzantine Empire in the year 1071.It was heavily weakened in the Battle of Köse Dağ in 1243 against the Mongols but lasted until the end of the thirteenth century. The history of this sultanate which survived many wars, the Crusades and the Mongol invasion is analyzed through their epigraphy with regard to the influence of political and cultural shifts. The identity of the sultanate and its sultans is examined with the use of their titles in their monumental inscriptions with an emphasis on the use of the language and vocabulary, and with the purpose of assessing their strength during different periods of their realm.
    [Show full text]
  • A Comparative Analysis of the Concepts of Holy War and the Idealized Topos of Holy Warrior in Medieval Anatolian and European Sources
    T.C. BAHÇEŞEHİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPTS OF HOLY WAR AND THE IDEALIZED TOPOS OF HOLY WARRIOR IN MEDIEVAL ANATOLIAN AND EUROPEAN SOURCES Master’s Thesis CEREN ÇIKIN SUNGUR İSTANBUL, 2014 T.C. BAHÇEŞEHİR UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY Supervisors: Prof. Dr. Heath W. LOWRY & Ass. Prof. Dr. Derya GÜRSES TARBUCK To my beloved Can, for all his kindness and support… ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I must thank my research supervisors, Professor Heath W. Lowry and Assistant Professor Derya Gürses Tarbuck for giving me the chance to work together and the opportunity to study at Bahçeşehir University. Without their support and assistance this thesis could not even exist as an idea. I would also like to thank Associate Professor Dr. Fikret Yılmaz for making me question certain matters on the military warfare of the early Ottomans I had not noticed before. I also have to thank Professor Paul Latimer from Bilkent University for his assistance and for lighting my path to an understanding of European history with his advice. ABSTRACT A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPTS OF HOLY WAR AND THE IDEALIZED TOPOS OF THE HOLY WARRIOR IN MEDIEVAL ANATOLIAN AND EUROPEAN SOURCES Ceren Çıkın Sungur History Supervisors: Prof. Dr. Heath W. Lowry & Ass. Prof. Derya Gürses Tarbuck June, 2014, 199 pages Claims of holy war characterized the Middle Ages in both Muslim Anatolia and Christian Europe, where soldiers on both sides were portrayed as holy warriors. Named gazis, akıncıs, alps, chevaliers and knights, they came from the elite military classes. Literary depictions of these men as holy warriors were fundamentally idealized topoi created by writers who were patronized by or were close to those in power.
    [Show full text]
  • Turkish Empires Rise in Anatolia MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW TERMS & NAMES
    3 Turkish Empires Rise in Anatolia MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW TERMS & NAMES CULTURAL INTERACTION In the 20th century, the collapse • Seljuks •Malik Shah Turkish people converted to of the Turkish empire left ethnic •vizier Islam and founded new empires and religious hostilities that still that would renew Muslim affect the world. civilization. SETTING THE STAGE To the east of Constantinople and south of Russia, the mighty Muslim empire of the Abbasids had ruled since the eighth century. (See Chapter 10.) By the mid-tenth century, however, their control of the region would end as a powerful group known as the Turks emerged. TAKING NOTES The Rise of the Turks Clarifying Use a chart to show important As powerful as the Abbasids were, they constantly struggled to maintain control events and features of of their empire. Spain broke away in 756, six years after the Abbasids came to the various occupations power. After setting up their capital in Baghdad, the of Baghdad. Abbasids lost their grip on other parts of the empire as Black Sea well: Morocco in 788 and Tunisia in 800. In 809, they lost Constantinople Occupiers Events Aegean Sea some regions of Persia. Then, in 868, the Abbasids lost ANATOLIA Abbasids control of Egypt. Persians Finally, in 945, Persian armies moved into Baghdad and Mediterranean Sea Seljuks put an end to the power of the caliph, an Islamic religious Mongols or political leader. Even though the caliph continued as the religious leader of Islam, he gave up all political power to the new Persian ruler. It wasn’t long, however, before the Persians themselves fell to a powerful group in the region.
    [Show full text]
  • Role of Persians at the Mughal Court: a Historical
    ROLE OF PERSIANS AT THE MUGHAL COURT: A HISTORICAL STUDY, DURING 1526 A.D. TO 1707 A.D. PH.D THESIS SUBMITTED BY, MUHAMMAD ZIAUDDIN SUPERVISOR: PROF. DR. MUNIR AHMED BALOCH IN THE AREA STUDY CENTRE FOR MIDDLE EAST & ARAB COUNTRIES UNIVERSITY OF BALOCHISTAN QUETTA, PAKISTAN. FOR THE FULFILMENT OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HISTORY 2005 DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATE I, Muhammad Ziauddin, do solemnly declare that the Research Work Titled “Role of Persians at the Mughal Court: A Historical Study During 1526 A.D to 1707 A.D” is hereby submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy and it has not been submitted elsewhere for any Degree. The said research work was carried out by the undersigned under the guidance of Prof. Dr. Munir Ahmed Baloch, Director, Area Study Centre for Middle East & Arab Countries, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan. Muhammad Ziauddin CERTIFICATE This is to certify that Mr. Muhammad Ziauddin has worked under my supervision for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. His research work is original. He fulfills all the requirements to submit the accompanying thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Prof. Dr. Munir Ahmed Research Supervisor & Director Area Study Centre For Middle East & Arab Countries University of Balochistan Quetta, Pakistan. Prof. Dr. Mansur Akbar Kundi Dean Faculty of State Sciences University of Balochistan Quetta, Pakistan. d DEDICATED TO THE UNFORGETABLE MEMORIES OF LATE PROF. MUHAMMAD ASLAM BALOCH OF HISTORY DEPARTMENT UNIVERSITY OF BALOCHISTAN, QUETTA PAKISTAN e ACKNOWLEDGMENT First of all I must thank to Almighty Allah, who is so merciful and beneficent to all of us, and without His will we can not do anything; it is He who guide us to the right path, and give us sufficient knowledge and strength to perform our assigned duties.
    [Show full text]
  • Naqshbandi Sufi, Persian Poet
    ABD AL-RAHMAN JAMI: “NAQSHBANDI SUFI, PERSIAN POET A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for The Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Farah Fatima Golparvaran Shadchehr, M.A. The Ohio State University 2008 Approved by Professor Stephen Dale, Advisor Professor Dick Davis Professor Joseph Zeidan ____________________ Advisor Graduate Program in History Copyright by Farah Shadchehr 2008 ABSTRACT The era of the Timurids, the dynasty that ruled Transoxiana, Iran, and Afghanistan from 1370 to 1506 had a profound cultural and artistic impact on the history of Central Asia, the Ottoman Empire, and Mughal India in the early modern era. While Timurid fine art such as miniature painting has been extensively studied, the literary production of the era has not been fully explored. Abd al-Rahman Jami (817/1414- 898/1492), the most renowned poet of the Timurids, is among those Timurid poets who have not been methodically studied in Iran and the West. Although, Jami was recognized by his contemporaries as a major authority in several disciplines, such as science, philosophy, astronomy, music, art, and most important of all poetry, he has yet not been entirely acknowledged in the post Timurid era. This dissertation highlights the significant contribution of Jami, the great poet and Sufi thinker of the fifteenth century, who is regarded as the last great classical poet of Persian literature. It discusses his influence on Persian literature, his central role in the Naqshbandi Order, and his input in clarifying Ibn Arabi's thought. Jami spent most of his life in Herat, the main center for artistic ability and aptitude in the fifteenth century; the city where Jami grew up, studied, flourished and produced a variety of prose and poetry.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ottoman Age of Exploration
    the ottoman age of exploration the Ottomanof explorationAge Giancarlo Casale 1 2010 3 Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dares Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offi ces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Th ailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © 2010 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Casale, Giancarlo. Th e Ottoman age of exploration / Giancarlo Casale. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-19-537782-8 1. Turkey—History—16th century. 2. Indian Ocean Region—Discovery and exploration—Turkish. 3. Turkey—Commerce—History—16th century. 4. Navigation—Turkey—History—16th century. I. Title. DR507.C37 2010 910.9182'409031—dc22 2009019822 1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper for my several
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnohistory of the Qizilbash in Kabul: Migration, State, and a Shi'a Minority
    ETHNOHISTORY OF THE QIZILBASH IN KABUL: MIGRATION, STATE, AND A SHI’A MINORITY Solaiman M. Fazel Submitted to the faculty of the University Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Anthropology Indiana University May 2017 i Accepted by the Graduate Faculty, Indiana University, in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Doctoral Committee __________________________________________ Raymond J. DeMallie, PhD __________________________________________ Anya Peterson Royce, PhD __________________________________________ Daniel Suslak, PhD __________________________________________ Devin DeWeese, PhD __________________________________________ Ron Sela, PhD Date of Defense ii For my love Megan for the light of my eyes Tamanah and Sohrab and for my esteemed professors who inspired me iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This historical ethnography of Qizilbash communities in Kabul is the result of a painstaking process of multi-sited archival research, in-person interviews, and collection of empirical data from archival sources, memoirs, and memories of the people who once live/lived and experienced the affects of state-formation in Afghanistan. The origin of my study extends beyond the moment I had to pick a research topic for completion of my doctoral dissertation in the Department of Anthropology, Indiana University. This study grapples with some questions that have occupied my mind since a young age when my parents decided to migrate from Kabul to Los Angeles because of the Soviet-Afghan War of 1980s. I undertook sections of this topic while finishing my Senior Project at UC Santa Barbara and my Master’s thesis at California State University, Fullerton. I can only hope that the questions and analysis offered here reflects my intellectual progress.
    [Show full text]
  • Theturkic-Muslim Kara-Khanid Khanate, with a Capital in Balasagun
    The Power Configurations of the Central Civilization/ World System in the Twelfth Century DAVID WILKINSON Department of Political Science University of California, Los Angeles [email protected] ABSTRACT This paper is the fifteenth in a series in which the political careers of civilizations/world systems receive snapshot codings of their overall power structures at feasible intervals. The narratives are produced by collating histories with large frames of reference. The codings are done using a nominal variable, polarity, with seven available values: nonpolarity, multipolarity, tripolarity, bipolarity, (nonhegemonic) unipolarity, hegemony and empire. Previous articles in the series have examined the Indic system 550 BC-AD 1800, the Far Eastern 1025 BC – AD 1850, the Southwest Asian c 2700 – 1500 BC, the Northeast African c. 2625-1500 BC. The Northeast African and Southwest Asian systems and sequences merged c. 1500 BC to form the Central system. A previous article has coded this system from 1500 BC to 700 BC, and previous papers have examined the system from AD 1200 to date. In the current paper, the Central system’s power structure is coded at 10-year intervals 1100-1200. The century is entirely multipolar, although there is significant turnover among actors and churning of borders. The Power Configurations of the Central Civilization/ World System in the Twelfth Century This paper is the fifteenth a series in which the political careers of civilizations/world systems receive snapshot codings of their overall power structures at feasible intervals. The narratives are produced by collating histories with large frames of reference. The codings are done using a nominal variable, polarity, with seven available values: nonpolarity, multipolarity, tripolarity, bipolarity, (nonhegemonic) unipolarity, hegemony and empire.
    [Show full text]
  • From Huns Into Persians: the Projected Identity of the Turks in the Byzantine Rhetoric of Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries
    From Huns into Persians: The Projected Identity of the Turks in the Byzantine Rhetoric of Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries By Roman Shliakhtin Supervisor: Daniel Ziemann, Niels Gaul Submitted to the Medieval Studies Department Central European University, Budapest In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Medieval Studies CEU eTD Collection Budapest 2016 1 Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor professor Niels Gaul who fostered my talents and supported me. His care and trust helped me to overcome many obstacles I met on the way and stimulated me to challenge my own limits and systematize my results. I express gratitude to my supervisor Daniel Ziemann and to the pre-defense committee members Volker Menze and Tijana Krstic. I also thank my first teacher Rustam Shukurov who encouraged me to start the project in 2007 and keeps supporting me with his friendship and advice up to the present day. I thank my colleagues and friends Mariana Bodnaruk, Marijana Vukovic, Andras Kraft and Divna Manolova who read parts of this dissertation at the later stage. I express my gratitude to my mentor and the former head of the Dumbarton Oaks Byzantine Studies Program, professor Michael Maas who commented on the methodology of the project. I also thank Head of the PhD Program Alice Choyke and PhD Coordinator Csilla Dobos for their patience and help. I express my appreciation to the following specialists for sharing their expertise and providing feedback on my project: Mary Cunningham, Leslie Brubaker, Michael Jeffreys, Elizabeth Jeffreys, Michael Angold, Mark Whittow, Ingella Nilsson, Ruth Macrides and Paul Magdalino.
    [Show full text]