DOCSLIB.ORG

Ancient Aztec: the • While the Aztecs Did Not Have a Formal Written Language, They Did Keep • Mathews, Sally Schofer

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ancient Aztec: the • While the Aztecs Did Not Have a Formal Written Language, They Did Keep • Mathews, Sally Schofer T E A C H E R ’ S G U I D E T E A C H E R ’ S G U I D E T E A C H E R ’ S G U I D E • What did the Aztecs think of the Spanish explorers? Share with the class • www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/eurvoya/index.html parts of an Aztec account on the arrival of the Spanish in Tenochtitlán A tutorial on the European voyages of exploration, with detailed (see www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/aztecs1.html). Discuss the information and historical illustrations and documents regarding Spain’s changes in the Aztec attitudes towards the Spanish and the reasons why. explorers, including Hernán Cortés. • The night that Cortés and his men fled Tenochtitlán after the Aztec • www.lib.uci.edu/libraries/exhibits/meso/sacred.html revolt is referred to as “La Noche Triste” — the Sad Night. Divide the stu- An online exhibit featuring “Early Written Records of Mesoamerica.”The dents into groups to research the events leading up to and following Aztec Codices and Colonial Codices feature scenes from daily Aztec life, this night.Then have the groups create Spanish and Aztec accounts of traditions and the Spanish encounter. this night, perhaps in the form of a newspaper front page or a news • www.lib.utah.edu/digital/aztec/ interview (with both Cortés and an Aztec warrior) or a storytelling. An online digital collection of Mesoamerican Manuscript Facsimiles, Students may share their work with the class. including the Codex Laud, from the Bodleian Library at Oxford, and the • Historical records of Hernán Cortés’s meetings with Moctezuma II Codex Magliabecchi, both excellent sources of Aztec picture-writing. TM mention “La Malinche” or Doña Marina, a native slave who served as Cortés’s interpreter. Some call her a traitor who helped the Spanish take Suggested Print Resources control of Mexico, while others say she was a heroine who helped save many people’s lives by bringing down a cruel empire. Share with stu- • Flowers, Charles. Cortés and the Conquest of the Aztec Empire in World dents a description of Doña Marina and discuss her significance. History. Enslow Publishers, Inc., Berkeley Heights, NJ; 2001. Ancient aztec: The • While the Aztecs did not have a formal written language, they did keep • Mathews, Sally Schofer. The Sad Night: The Story of an Aztec Victory and record of events, daily life and legends using glyphs, or a form of a Spanish Loss. Houghton Mifflin, New York, NY; 2001. picture-writing. Collections of the glyphs, called codices, were compiled • Smalley, Roger. The Aztecs: Rise and Fall of a Great Empire. Red Brick fall of the empire before and after the Spanish conquest. Share with students images from Learning, Mankato, MN; 2003. these codices. In groups, have students examine the pictures for details • Tanaka, Shelley. The Lost Temple of the Aztecs:What It Was Like When the Grades 3–7 about Aztec life: How were warriors depicted? What colors were used? Spaniards Invaded Mexico. Hyperion, New York, NY; 2000. • Diego Rivera was a famous Mexican muralist. He created panoramic his guide is a supplement designed for teach e r s to use murals about Mexico’s culture, history and daily life. Share examples of TEACHER’S GUIDE T when presenting this pro gra m . The guide provides yo u Rivera’s work and encourage the class to notice how Rivera depicted Enakshi Bose, M.S.Ed. with a summary of the pro gra m , p re - v i ewi ng and fo l l ow - u p Aztec life and the Spanish encounter.Then, divide the class into groups Curriculum Specialist, Schlessinger Media q u e s t i o n s , a c t i v i t i e s , vo c a b u l a r y and print and Intern e t to paint murals depicting the Aztec Empire and the defeat by the TITLES IN THIS SERIES re s o u rc e s . Spanish. (Excellent resources for images of Rivera’s works include • Ancient Aegean • Ancient Egypt B e f o r e Vi e w i n g : G i ve students an ove r v i ew of the ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~border/resource_pages/rivera.html • Ancient Africa • Ancient Greece • Ancient Aztec Empire • Ancient Inca p ro gra m . Use the pro gram summary to help provide this and www.diegorivera.com/murals/index.html.) • Ancient Aztec: The Fall of the • Ancient Maya i n t ro d u c t i o n . Select pre - v i ewing discussion questions and Empire • Ancient Mesopotamia • Ancient China • Ancient Rome vocabulary to provide a focus for students when they view Suggested Internet Resources the program. Periodically, Internet Resources are updated on our web site at After Vi e w i n g : R e v i ew the pro gram and vo c ab u l a r y and www.LibraryVideo.com Teacher’s Guides Included discuss what students learn e d . Use fo l l ow-up questions and and Available Online at: 800-843-3620 a c t i v i t i e s , and encourage students to re s e a r ch the topic • www.ancientmexico.com/ f u rther with the Internet and print re s o u rces prov i d e d . This site explores the art, culture and history of Ancient Mesoamerica. Interactive features include a map of the area with major Aztec settlements, a flash presentation about the arrival of the Spanish and Program Copyright 2004 by Teacher’s Guide Copyright 2006 passages from historical documents, including letters from Cortés. BBC Worldwide Limited. by Schlessinger Media, (Continued) BBC is a trademark of the British Broadcasting a division of Libra ry Video Company Corporation and is used under license. P.O. Box 580,Wynnewood, PA 19096 800-843-3620 All rights reserved. K6818 V7114 5 Historical Overview codices — The collective term given to the painted manuscripts depicting 7. How did Moctezuma II die? Aztec culture and history, produced before and after the Spanish conquest. Over 550 years ago, the Aztecs controlled a strong and wealthy empire across 8.Why did Cortés and his men leave Tenochtitlán in July 1520? the re gion of pre s e n t - d ay Mex i c o . The capital city,Te n o ch t i t l á n , was the fo c a l Diego Rivera — (1886–1957) A famous Mexican artist who created 9.What is a siege? How long did the siege of Tenochtitlán last? point of an ex p a n s i ve trading netwo rk and gove r nment as well as the re l i - panoramic murals of Mexican culture, history and daily life. 10.What happened to the Aztec people after the fall of the empire? gious and spiritual center of the empire . All this ch a n ge d , h o weve r, with the 11.Why did monks and priests come to New Spain? a r ri val of Spanish c o n q u i s t a d o r s, led by Hernán Cort é s , in 1519. Seeking to Time Line 12.What were the Aztec codices? a c q u i r e wealth and land for Spain and to conve rt native peoples to 1492 Christopher Columbus lands in the West Indies C h r i s t i a n i t y, C o r tés fo r med alliances with the T l a x c a l a n s , enemies of the 1519 Hernán Cortés arrives in Mexico, allies with the Tlaxcalans A z t e c s , and fought for control of Te n o ch t i t l á n , then ruled by Aztec Empero r and meets Aztec Emperor Moctezuma II Follow-up Discussion Moctezuma II. In 1520, the Spanish tempora r i ly re t r eated after an A z t e c 1520 Cortés takes Moctezuma II prisoner;Aztecs revolt against • Review the interactions between the Aztecs and the Spanish.Why did revo l t , but within a year they laid siege to Te n o ch t i t l á n . In 1521, the A z t e c the Spanish, who flee Tenochtitlán; Moctezuma II is killed Cortés come to Mexico? How did the Aztecs react to the Spanish? How E m p i re fe l l . C o r tés claimed the re gion in the name of Spain, and the Spanish did Cortés feel about the Aztecs? Discuss the challenges the conquista- May 1521 Cortés and his allies lay siege to Tenochtitlán d e s t roye d Aztec buildings and conve rted the Aztecs to Chri s t i a n i t y. S p a n i s h dors faced and the actions they took.Were they reasonable or unfair? p r iests wo rked to translate Aztec c o d i c e s, or collections of picture wri t i n g . August 1521 The Spanish defeat the Aztecs, leading to the fall of the • Discuss why the Tlaxcalans agreed to ally with the Spanish.Ask students To d ay in Mex i c o , the Aztecs live on through arch a e o l o g ical art i fa c t s , a r t , Aztec Empire whether they believe the alliance was in the Tlaxcalans’ best interest. music, dance, crafts, food and the Nahuatl-speaking descendants.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Olmec, Toltec, and Aztec
    Mesoamerican Ancient Civilizations The Olmec, Toltec, and Aztec Olmecs of Teotihuacán -“The People of the Land of Rubber…” -Large stone heads -Art found throughout Mesoamerica Olmec Civilization Origin and Impact n The Olmec civilization was thought to have originated around 1500 BCE. Within the next three centuries of their arrival, the people built their capital at Teotihuacán n This ancient civilization was believed by some historians to be the Mother-culture and base of Mesoamerica. “The city may well be the basic civilization out of which developed such high art centers as those of Maya, Zapotecs, Toltecs, and Totonacs.” – Stirling Cultural Practices n The Olmec people would bind wooden planks to the heads of infants to create longer and flatter skulls. n A game was played with a rubber ball where any part of the body could be used except for hands. Religion and Art n The Olmecs believed that celestial phenomena such as the phases of the moon affected daily life. n They worshipped jaguars, were-jaguars, and sometimes snakes. n Artistic figurines and toys were found, consisting of a jaguar with a tube joining its front and back feet, with clay disks forming an early model of the wheel. n Large carved heads were found that were made from the Olmecs. Olmec Advancements n The Olmecs were the first of the Mesoamerican societies, and the first to cultivate corn. n They built pyramid type structures n The Olmecs were the first of the Mesoamerican civilizations to create a form of the wheel, though it was only used for toys.
    [Show full text]
  • Collision of Civilizations
    Collision of Civilizations Spaniards, Aztecs and Incas 1492- The clash begins Only two empires in the New World Cahokia Ecuador Aztec Empire The Aztec State in 1519 • Mexico 1325 Aztecs start to build their capital city, Tenochtitlan. • 1502 Montezuma II becomes ruler, wars against the independent city-states in the Valley of Mexico. The Aztec empire was in a fragile state, stricken with military failures, economic trouble, and social unrest. Montezuma II had attempted to centralize power and maintain the over-extended empire expanded over the Valley of Mexico, and into Central America. It was an extortionist regime, relied on force to extract prisoners, tribute, and food levies from neighboring peoples. As the Aztec state weakened, its rulers and priests continued to demand human sacrifice to feed its gods. In 1519, the Aztec Empire was not only weak within, but despised and feared from without. When hostilities with the Spanish began, the Aztecs had few allies. Cortes • 1485 –Cortes was born in in Medellin, Extremadura, Spain. His parents were of small Spanish nobility. • 1499, when Cortes was 14 he attended the University of Salamanca, at this university he studied law. • 1504 (19) he set sail for what is now the Dominican Republic to try his luck in the New World. • 1511, (26) he joined an army under the command of Spanish soldier named Diego Velázquez and played a part the conquest of Cuba. Velázquez became the governor of Cuba, and Cortes was elected Mayor-Judge of Santiago. • 1519 (34) Cortes expedition enters Mexico. • Aug. 13, 1521 15,000 Aztecs die in Cortes' final all-out attack on the city.
    [Show full text]
  • Los Conquistadores De México 7 I.—Conquistadores Que Vinieron Con Cortés 34 Mujeres 56 II.—Conquistadores Que Vinieron Con Narváez 57 Mujeres 68 III.—Refuerzos
    MANUEL OROZCO Y BERRA LOS CONQUISTADORES DE MEXICO EDITORIAL PEDRO ROBREDO v\ V Calle de Justo Sierra No. 41 J: México, D. F. 19 3 8 1080017640 EX L I B RI S HEMETHERII VALVERDE TELLEZ Episcopi Leonensis > LOS CONQUISTADORES DE MEXICO MANUEL OROZCO Y BERRA LOS CONQUISTADORES DE MEXICO TN'V'n r i VMIN3D voaionaia EDITORIAL PEDRO ROBREDO Calle de Justo Sierra No. 41 México, D. F. 19 3 8 Capilla Alfonsina Biblioteca Universitari« B'BLIOTECA 33278 VA! V£Í?DE Y TFLLE7 ! i. Cuando Cristóbal Colón presentó en la Península Ibérica las producciones del recién descubierto Nuevo Mundo, y con su entusiasmada y poética imaginación describió los ricos y encantadores países encontrados al medio del Océano, las ima- ginaciones no menos vivas y pintorescas de los españoles se exaltaron, y el ardor nacional tomó el rumbo de las acciones arriesgadas y de las empresas de todo género. Multitud pro- digiosa de hombres dejó su patria, para ir allá muy lejos, en busca de nuevas comarcas, de reinos poderosos, de tesoros in- mensos, y allí enriquecer pronto, ganar fama, y destruyendo a los idólatras, hacer triunfar el culto de la Santa Cruz. Nobles y pecheros siguieron el impulso general, si bien aquellos fueron respectivamente en corto número. La turba de aventureros abandonaba su país confiada y satisfecha, con- tando sólo con su corazón y con su espada. Terminaban en España las porfiadas y sangrientas guerras contra los moros; estaban frescas aún las memorias de las hazañas prodigiosas re- matadas en la Vega de Granada por los cumplidos caballeros cristianos; se admiraban todavía las proezas de los zegries y de los abencerrajes; se enardecía el pueblo con la relación de los sitios y de los combates, abultados y revestidos de formas fantásticas en las tradiciones populares; y el orgullo de la victoria, largo tiempo disputada y por heroicos esfuerzos con- seguida, infundía seguridad en los ánimos y les daba suficien- ' cia.
    [Show full text]
  • Spain Builds an Empire
    DO NOT EDIT--Changes must be made through “File info” CorrectionKey=TX-A SECTION 3 Spain Builds an TEKS 1A, 2A Empire What You Will Learn… If YOU were there... Main Ideas You are an Aztec warrior living in central Mexico in the 1500s. You 1. Spanish conquistadors con- are proud to serve your ruler, Moctezuma II. One day several hun- quered the Aztec and Inca empires. dred foreigners arrive on your shores. They are pale, bearded men, 2. Spanish explorers traveled and they have strange animals and equipment. through the borderlands of New Spain, claiming more From where do you think these strangers have come? land. 3. Spanish settlers treated Native Americans harshly, forcing them to work on plantations and in mines. BUILDING BACKGROUND Spain sent many expeditions to the Americas. Like explorers from other countries, Spanish explorers The Big Idea claimed the land they found for their country. Much of this land was Spain established a large already filled with Native American communities, however. empire in the Americas. Key Terms and People Spanish Conquistadors conquistadors, p. 46 The Spanish sent conquistadors (kahn-kees-tuh-DAWRS), soldiers Hernán Cortés, p. 46 who led military expeditions in the Americas. Conquistador Hernán Moctezuma II, p. 46 Cortés left Cuba to sail to present-day Mexico in 1519. Cortés Francisco Pizarro, p. 47 had heard of a wealthy land to the west ruled by a king named encomienda system, p. 50 Moctezuma II (mawk-tay-SOO-mah). plantations, p. 50 Bartolomé de Las Casas, p. 51 Conquest of the Aztec Empire Moctezuma ruled the Aztec Empire, which was at the height of its power in the early 1500s.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliografía Cortesiana En La Biblioteca Ix Marqués De La Encomienda De Almendralejo
    BIBLIOGRAFÍA CORTESIANA EN LA BIBLIOTECA IX MARQUÉS DE LA ENCOMIENDA DE ALMENDRALEJO BIBLIOGRAPHY ABOUT HERNÁN CORTÉS LOCATED AT THE LIBRARY IX MARQUÉS DE LA ENCOMIENDA IN ALMENDRALEJO (BADAJOZ) Diego Santiago Parra Zamora Licenciado en Filología Románica Biblioteca IX Marqués de la Encomienda Centro Universitario “Santa Ana” de Almendralejo [email protected] RESUMEN: Presentamos en esta comunicación parte de la bibliografía (incluimos sólo monografías) sobre Hernán Cortés y la Conquista de Méjico existente en los fondos de la Biblioteca IX Marqués de la Encomienda de Almendralejo. Aparecen un total de 388 libros, folletos, separatas y artículos procedentes del vaciado de publicaciones periódicas o colectivas, tanto en papel como en microfilm, comprendidas entre los años 1554 y 2003. La Biblioteca IX Marqués de la Encomienda es una institución privada de uso totalmente público que atesora más de 137.000 registros, la mitad de ellos de temas y autores extremeños. Palabras clave: Hernán Cortés, Conquista de Méjico, Bibliografía, Biblioteca IX Marqués de la Encomienda. ABSTRACT: We present in our paper a bibliography (only monographs are included) about Hernán Cortés and the Conquest of Mexico, located at the Library IX Marqués de la Encomienda in Almendralejo (Badajoz). There are 388 books, pamphlets, off prints and articles in paper and microfilm, since 1554 to 2003. The Library IX Marqués de la Encomienda is a private Institution that work like a public library, hoarding more than 137.000 entries, 50 per cent Extremaduran. Key words: Hernán Cortés, Conquest of Mexico, Bibliography, Library Biblioteca IX Marqués de la Encomienda. 1 ACTAS DE LAS JORNADAS DE HISTORIA DE LAS VEGAS ALTAS: LA BATALLA DE MEDELLÍN Medellín - Don Benito, Sociedad Extremeña de Historia - Excmos.
    [Show full text]
  • Aztec Agriculture and Tribute Systems Reaches Its Pinnacle
    Agriculture in History 1502-1520: Aztec Agriculture and Tribute Systems Reaches Its Pinnacle The reign of the last preconquest Aztec emperor, Montezuma II, witnessed the culmination of imperial control over the Central Mexican Plateau. The urban capital of Tenochtitlán boasted a dense, socially diverse population, sustained through a unique productive economy and raised-plot agriculture and augmented by tribute from conquered peoples, before it fell to the Spanish. Locale: Tenochtitlán, Aztec Empire (now Mexico City, Mexico) Cateogries: Government and politics; colonization Key figures Montezuma II (1467-1520), Aztec emperor, r. 1502-1520 Ahuitzotl (d. 1503), Aztec emperor, r. 1486-1502, and uncle of Montezuma II Hernán Cortés (1485-1547), Spanish conquistador and conqueror of the Aztecs Summary of Event Montezuma II was the ninth emperor of the Mexica, or Aztec, a militaristic culture that had resided in the Valley of Mexico since the early fourteenth century. Montezuma II inherited the territorial acquisitions, diplomatic alliances, and economic institutions that had evolved under his predecessors. The populations of the Valley of Mexico maintained an uneasy relationship with one another. Political alliances were constructed through marriages and trade networks and functioned to maintain stability. Warfare in earlier centuries was common, as it was under Montezuma II, as individual states attempted to absorb one another. The Aztecs, from their capital city of Tenochtitlán on Lake Texcoco, united in 1428 with the Texcocans and the Tacubans to form the Triple Alliance, a political-military union designed to conquer and extract tribute. When Montezuma II ascended the throne in 1502 the empire was at its zenith.
    [Show full text]
  • Rethinking the Conquest : an Exploration of the Similarities Between Pre-Contact Spanish and Mexica Society, Culture, and Royalty
    University of Northern Iowa UNI ScholarWorks Dissertations and Theses @ UNI Student Work 2015 Rethinking the Conquest : an exploration of the similarities between pre-contact Spanish and Mexica society, culture, and royalty Samantha Billing University of Northern Iowa Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy Copyright ©2015 Samantha Billing Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd Part of the Latin American History Commons Recommended Citation Billing, Samantha, "Rethinking the Conquest : an exploration of the similarities between pre-contact Spanish and Mexica society, culture, and royalty" (2015). Dissertations and Theses @ UNI. 155. https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd/155 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at UNI ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses @ UNI by an authorized administrator of UNI ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Copyright by SAMANTHA BILLING 2015 All Rights Reserved RETHINKING THE CONQUEST: AN EXPLORATION OF THE SIMILARITIES BETWEEN PRE‐CONTACT SPANISH AND MEXICA SOCIETY, CULTURE, AND ROYALTY An Abstract of a Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts Samantha Billing University of Northern Iowa May 2015 ABSTRACT The Spanish Conquest has been historically marked by the year 1521 and is popularly thought of as an absolute and complete process of indigenous subjugation in the New World. Alongside this idea comes the widespread narrative that describes a barbaric, uncivilized group of indigenous people being conquered and subjugated by a more sophisticated and superior group of Europeans.
    [Show full text]
  • A. the Aztecs Built an Empire Through Warfare and Trade and Created an Impressive Capital City in Mesoamerica
    The Aztec Empire 15.1 • The Aztecs built a great empire in central Mexico but were conquered by the Spanish in 1521. A. The Aztecs built an empire through warfare and trade and created an impressive capital city in Mesoamerica. • The first Aztecs were farmers, but when they arrived in Central America, all the good farmland was taken. To survive, they had to hire themselves out as warriors. B. The Aztecs’ Rise to Power • War was the key factor in the Aztecs’ rise to power. • The Aztecs built alliances, or partnerships, to build their empire. • The Aztecs made the people they conquered pay tribute, or give them cotton, gold, or food. • The Aztecs controlled a huge trade network. Markets drew buyers and sellers from all over the Aztec Empire. • By the early 1500s the Aztecs had the most powerful state in Mesoamerica. C. Tenochtitlán • Tenochtitlán was the capital of the Aztec Empire. It was built in the middle of a lake, on an island. • The Aztecs built causeways, or raised roads across water or wet ground, so people could access the city. • The Aztecs built stone canals to bring water to the city and floating gardens to raise food and flowers. • The city had huge temples, a busy market, clean streets, and magnificent palaces. • It was the greatest city in the Americas during the time of the Aztecs. D. Hernán Cortés conquered the Aztec Empire. • In the late 1400s Spanish explorers and soldiers arrived in the Americas. The soldiers, or conquistadors, came to explore new lands, search for gold, and spread the Catholic religion.
    [Show full text]
  • The Achievements of the Mayas, Aztecs, and Incas
    The Achievements of the Mayas, Aztecs, and Incas Section 1: Introduction There were three great peoples of the early Americas: the Mayas, the Aztecs, and the Incas. In this lesson, you will study the cultures of these peoples and explore their unique achievements. The history of these civilizations stretches from very ancient times to just a few centuries ago. Mayan civilization dates back to 2000 B.C.E. It reached its height in what is called the Classic period, from about 300 to 900 C.E. The Aztecs and the Incas built their empires in the two centuries before the Spanish arrived in the 1500s. Scholars have learned about these cultures in various ways. They have studied artifacts found at the sites of old settlements. They have read accounts left by Spanish soldiers and priests. And they have observed traditions that can still be found among the descendants of the Mayas, Aztecs, and Incas. The more we learn about these cultures, the more we can appreciate what was special about each of them. The Mayas, for example, made striking advances in writing, astronomy, and architecture. Both the Mayas and the Aztecs created highly accurate calendars. The Aztecs adapted earlier pyramid designs to build massive stone temples. The Incas showed great skill in engineering and in managing their huge empire. In this lesson, you will study these and other achievements of the Mayas, the Aztecs, and the Incas. You will focus on three main areas of culture: science and technology, arts and architecture, and language and writing. Themes Cultural Interaction The civilizations of the Mayas, Aztecs, and Incas made impressive cultural achievements in the areas of science and technology, arts and architecture, and language and writing.
    [Show full text]
  • Cortés El Memorioso Irene López Rodríguez Liceo Europeo Hipertexto
    Hipertexto 18 Verano 2013 pp. 106-130 Cortés el memorioso Irene López Rodríguez Liceo Europeo Hipertexto o hace falta una memoria prodigiosa para recordar el famoso cuento de Borges al N que alude el título de este trabajo, “Funes el memorioso” (Ficciones, 1944).1 El protagonista portentoso del cuento, capaz de acordarse de cada hoja que había visto en cada árbol, de cada nube que aparecía en cada amanecer, de cada palabra que había oído en cada momento de su vida, goza de una memoria infalible que le permite registrar todo lo vivido en su mente.2 Es un memorioso que, a priori, poco o nada tiene que ver con el desmemoriado Cortés, ya que, como el mismo conquistador no se cansa de recordar en la redacción de su Segunda carta de relación (1520), con frecuencia sufre pérdidas de memoria: “que demás de las que he dicho son tantas y de tantas calidades que por la prolijidad y por no me ocurrir tantas a la memoria y aun por no saber poner los nombres no las expreso” (237) o “era necesario más espacio del que yo al presente tengo para las relatar y aun mejor memoria para las retener” (246-47).3 1 Este trabajo debe su título a la profesora Stephanie Merrim. 2Del cuento de Borges se extraen estas líneas ilustrativas de la memoria prodigiosa de Ireneo Funes: “Ahora su percepción y su memoria eran infalibles. Nosotros, de un vistazo, percibimos tres copas en una mesa; Funes, todos los vástagos y racimos y frutos que comprende una parra. Sabía la forma de las nubes australes del amanecer del treinta de abril de mil mil ochocientos ochenta y dos y podía compararlas en el recuerdo con las vetas de un libro en pasta española que sólo había mirado una vez y con las líneas de la espuma que un remo levantó en el Río Negro la víspera de la acción del Quebracho.
    [Show full text]
  • LAS IMÁGENES DE MOCTEZUMA II Y SUS SÍMBOLOS DE PODER 81 Moct P078-091 Final.ESP:Layout 1 9/18/10 10:10 PM Page 82
    Moct p078-091_Final.ESP:Layout 1 9/18/10 10:10 PM Page 78 Capítulo 3 Las imágenes de Moctezuma II y sus sí mbolos de poder Guilhem Olivier y Leonardo López Luján A PARTIR DE numerosos testimonios históricos tanto directos como indirectos, sabemos que al momento de su muerte en 1520 Moctezuma II era un hombre maduro, pero sin quedar claro si ya había alcanzado los cincuenta y dos años de edad, como algunos opinan, o si aún se encontraba en sus cuarenta. De manera recurrente, se le describe físicamente como una persona de talla mediana, delgada y con una barba escasa, aunque larga, 1 lo que de algu - na manera coincide con las imágenes en estilo europeo que de él se incluyen en los códices Mendoza y Florentino (figs. 19 y 71). 2 El soldado Bernal Díaz del Castillo lo recuerda como de buena estatura y bien proporcionado, e cenceño e pocas carnes, y la color no muy moreno, sino propia color y matiz de indio, y traía los cabellos no muy largos, sino cuanto le cubrían las orejas, e pocas barbas, prietas y bien puestas e ralas, y el rostro algo largo e alegre, e los ojos de buena manera, e mostraba en su persona en el mirar por un cabo amor, e cuando era menester gravedad. 3 Fray Francisco de Aguilar nos completa el cuadro al hablar, además de la fisonomía de Fig. 23 Detalle de la caja de la Colección Moctezuma, de su carácter: Hackmack que muestra a Moctezuma II realizando un autosacrificio al extraer sangre Era aquel rey y señor de mediana estatura, delicado en el cuerpo, la cabeza grande del lóbulo de la oreja con un y las narices algo retornadas, crespo, asaz astuto, sagaz y prudente, sabio, experto, hueso perforador (véase cat.
    [Show full text]
  • World History (High School) Lesson 3
    World History (High School) Lesson 3 DO NOT EDIT--Changes must be made through “File info” CorrectionKey=CA-A Name ________________________________ Class ____________________ Date ____________ The Early Americas Lesson 3 MAIN IDEAS 1. The Aztecs built an empire through warfare and trade, and created an impressive capital city in Mesoamerica. 2. Aztec society was divided by social roles and by class. 3. Aztec religion required human sacrifice for keeping the gods happy. 4. The Aztecs had many achievements in science, art, and language. 5. Hernán Cortés conquered the Aztec Empire. Key Terms and People causeways raised roads across water or wet ground codex a written historical record conquistadors Spanish soldiers and explorers Hernán Cortés Spanish conquistador leader who conquered the Aztec Empire Moctezuma II Aztec ruler who mistook Cortés for a god, leading to the Aztec’s downfall Lesson Summary THE AZTECS BUILD AN EMPIRE By the early 1500s, the Aztecs ruled the most Where was Tenochtitlán powerful empire in Mesoamerica. War was key to located? the Aztecs. They also controlled a huge trade __________________________ network. The capital city Tenochtitlán (tay- NAWCH-teet-LAHN) featured a stunning array of Aztec power and wealth. It had temples, palaces, and a busy market. Three wide causeways connected Tenochtitlán’s island location to the shore. In Aztec society, what did young nobles learn to be? AZTEC SOCIETY __________________________ The king was the most important person in Aztec __________________________ society. He was in charge of law, trade and tribute, and warfare. Young nobles learned to be __________________________ government officials, military leaders, or priests. What often happened to Just below the king and his nobles were priests and captives? warriors.
    [Show full text]