Mathjax Documentation Release 3.2
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Tugboat, Volume 11 (1990), No
TUGboat, Volume 11 (1990), No. 2 G.A. Kubba. The Impact of Computers on Ara- to Computer Modern fonts-I strongly support the bic Writing, Character Processing, and Teach- principal idea, and I pursue it in the present paper. ing. Information Processing, 80:961-965, 1980. To organize the discussion in a systematic way, I Pierre Mackay. Typesetting Problem Scripts. will use the notions - borrowed from [2]-of text Byte, 11(2):201-218, February 1986. encoding, typing and rendering. J. Marshall Unger. The Fiflh Generation 2 Text encoding Fallacy- Why Japan is Betting its Future on Artificial Intelligence. Oxford University Press, In the context of w,encoding means the character 1987. sets of the fonts in question and their layouts. In the present section I will focus my attention on the X/Open Company, Ltd. X/Open Portability character sets, as the layouts should be influenced, Guide, Supplementary Definitions, volume 3. among others, by typing considerations. Prentice-Hall. 1989. In an attempt to obtain a general idea about the use of the latin alphabet worldwide, I looked up the o Nelson H.F. Beebe only relevant reference work I am aware of, namely Center for Scientific Computing and Department of Languages Identificatzon Guzde [7] (hereafter LIG). Mathematics Apart from the latin scripts used in the Soviet Union South Physics Building and later replaced by Cyrillic ones, it lists 82 lan- University of Utah guages using the latin alphabet with additional let- Salt Lake City, UT 84112 ters (I preserve the original spelling): USA Albanian, Aymara, Basque. Breton, Bui, Tel: (801) 581-5254 Catalan, Choctaw, Chuana, Cree, Czech, Internet: BeebeQscience .utah.edu Danish, Delaware, Dutch, Eskimo, Espe- ranto, Estonian, Ewe, Faroese (also spelled Faroeish), Fiji, Finnish, French, Frisian, Fulbe, German, Guarani, Hausa, Hun- garian, Icelandic, Irish, Italian, Javanese, Juang, Kasubian, Kurdish, Lahu, Lahuli, - Latin, Lettish, Lingala, Lithuanian, Lisu, On Standards Luba, Madura. -
Using Mathjax and Its Accessibility Features
Using MathJax and its Accessibility Features Volker Sorge, Peter Krautzberger MathJax AHG 2016, Denver, November 16 2016 Read along at: mathjax.github.io/MathJax-a11y/slides/ahg16.pdf Volker Sorge, Peter Krautzberger Using MathJax and its Accessibility Features What is MathJax? MathJax is a JavaScript library for rendering Mathematics in all browsers Can take LATEX, AsciiMath, and MathML as input Generates browser output, e.g. HTML/CSS, SVG Standard Maths rendering solution for: stackexchange, wordpress blogs, mediawiki, etc. MathJax is the de facto rendering solution of (nearly) all Mathematics on the web (35 million unique daily rendering requests via CDN) http://www.mathjax.org Volker Sorge, Peter Krautzberger Using MathJax and its Accessibility Features Using MathJax Use it directly from CDN Configure according to the need of your web document Local installations possible Detailed documentation available at: http://docs.mathjax.org Large user community and support Volker Sorge, Peter Krautzberger Using MathJax and its Accessibility Features Configuring MathJax: CDN Load directly from Content Distribution Network Include single line script tag into web document Example with broad, standard configuration <s c r i p t sr c ='https://cdn.mathjax.org/mathjax/latest/MathJax. js? c o n f i g=TeX−AMS−MML HTMLorMML'></ s c r i p t> Volker Sorge, Peter Krautzberger Using MathJax and its Accessibility Features Configuring MathJax: Locally Local configurations to customise for your web content Allows for fine-grained control of MathJax's behaviour Needs to be added BEFORE the CDN call Example for including inline LATEX formulas: <s c r i p t type=" t e x t /x−mathjax−c o n f i g "> MathJax.Hub. -
Ffontiau Cymraeg
This publication is available in other languages and formats on request. Mae'r cyhoeddiad hwn ar gael mewn ieithoedd a fformatau eraill ar gais. [email protected] www.caerphilly.gov.uk/equalities How to type Accented Characters This guidance document has been produced to provide practical help when typing letters or circulars, or when designing posters or flyers so that getting accents on various letters when typing is made easier. The guide should be used alongside the Council’s Guidance on Equalities in Designing and Printing. Please note this is for PCs only and will not work on Macs. Firstly, on your keyboard make sure the Num Lock is switched on, or the codes shown in this document won’t work (this button is found above the numeric keypad on the right of your keyboard). By pressing the ALT key (to the left of the space bar), holding it down and then entering a certain sequence of numbers on the numeric keypad, it's very easy to get almost any accented character you want. For example, to get the letter “ô”, press and hold the ALT key, type in the code 0 2 4 4, then release the ALT key. The number sequences shown from page 3 onwards work in most fonts in order to get an accent over “a, e, i, o, u”, the vowels in the English alphabet. In other languages, for example in French, the letter "c" can be accented and in Spanish, "n" can be accented too. Many other languages have accents on consonants as well as vowels. -
Combining Diacritical Marks Range: 0300–036F the Unicode Standard
Combining Diacritical Marks Range: 0300–036F The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0 This file contains an excerpt from the character code tables and list of character names for The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0. Characters in this chart that are new for The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0 are shown in conjunction with any existing characters. For ease of reference, the new characters have been highlighted in the chart grid and in the names list. This file will not be updated with errata, or when additional characters are assigned to the Unicode Standard. See http://www.unicode.org/charts for access to a complete list of the latest character charts. Disclaimer These charts are provided as the on-line reference to the character contents of the Unicode Standard, Version 4.0 but do not provide all the information needed to fully support individual scripts using the Unicode Standard. For a complete understanding of the use of the characters contained in this excerpt file, please consult the appropriate sections of The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0 (ISBN 0-321-18578-1), as well as Unicode Standard Annexes #9, #11, #14, #15, #24 and #29, the other Unicode Technical Reports and the Unicode Character Database, which are available on-line. See http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/UCD.html and http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports A thorough understanding of the information contained in these additional sources is required for a successful implementation. Fonts The shapes of the reference glyphs used in these code charts are not prescriptive. Considerable variation is to be expected in actual fonts. -
Business Meeting of the Openmath Society 2018
Business Meeting of the OpenMath Society 2018 Michael Kohlhase (President) Openmath Society http://openmath.org August 13. 2018, Hagenberg Kohlhase: Business Meeting of the OpenMath Society 2018 1 13. 8. 18, Hagenberg OpenMath 2018 Business Meeting (as required by Statutes) 1. Election of Chair of the meeting 2. Election of Secretary and two Minute Checkers (James is in Rio) 3. Annual Report 4. New Members? 5. Adoption of Balance Sheet and discharge of the Executive Committee 6. GDPR/Privacy issues for the Minutes 7. Election of the Executive Committee 8. Adoption of the second revision of the OM2 Standard 9. New OpenMath web site 10. OpenMath in JSON 11. OpenMath3 12. OMCD (management) Issues 13. Any Other Business (please come forward) Kohlhase: Business Meeting of the OpenMath Society 2018 2 13. 8. 18, Hagenberg Annual Report on Activities (2017-2018) I Last Open Business meeting, July 2017 in Edinburgh (internal ones in Spring to keep charter happy) I OM Repositories: Moved all digital assets to http://github.com/OpenMath I OM Web Site: deployed a new web site based on GH Pages (see below) I OM CD Submission Process: based on GitHub now, I OM Standard moved to separate repository, build process renovated, automated by travis. I OM2 Standard: thorough editing, more error fixing (OM binding) I OM3 Standard Effort: not started due to OM2e2 work Kohlhase: Business Meeting of the OpenMath Society 2018 3 13. 8. 18, Hagenberg New Members? I Anybody who has attended 3 OM Workshops or worked on OM for 6 months can become a member (will be generous) I please suggest new members (self-nominations encouraged) I New members proposed by OM Executive Committee I ???? Kohlhase: Business Meeting of the OpenMath Society 2018 4 13. -
TUGBOAT Volume 39, Number 2 / 2018 TUG 2018 Conference
TUGBOAT Volume 39, Number 2 / 2018 TUG 2018 Conference Proceedings TUG 2018 98 Conference sponsors, participants, program 100 Joseph Wright / TUG goes to Rio 104 Joseph Wright / TEX Users Group 2018 Annual Meeting notes Graphics 105 Susanne Raab / The tikzducks package A L TEX 107 Frank Mittelbach / A rollback concept for packages and classes 113 Will Robertson / Font loading in LATEX using the fontspec package: Recent updates 117 Joseph Wright / Supporting color and graphics in expl3 119 Joseph Wright / siunitx: Past, present and future Software & Tools 122 Paulo Cereda / Arara — TEX automation made easy 126 Will Robertson / The Canvas learning management system and LATEXML 131 Ross Moore / Implementing PDF standards for mathematical publishing Fonts 136 Jaeyoung Choi, Ammar Ul Hassan, Geunho Jeong / FreeType MF Module: A module for using METAFONT directly inside the FreeType rasterizer Methods 143 S.K. Venkatesan / WeTEX and Hegelian contradictions in classical mathematics Abstracts 147 TUG 2018 abstracts (Behrendt, Coriasco et al., Heinze, Hejda, Loretan, Mittelbach, Moore, Ochs, Veytsman, Wright) 149 MAPS: Contents of issue 48 (2018) 150 Die TEXnische Kom¨odie: Contents of issues 2–3/2018 151 Eutypon: Contents of issue 38–39 (October 2017) General Delivery 151 Bart Childs and Rick Furuta / Don Knuth awarded Trotter Prize 152 Barbara Beeton / Hyphenation exception log Book Reviews 153 Boris Veytsman / Book review: W. A. Dwiggins: A Life in Design by Bruce Kennett Hints & Tricks 155 Karl Berry / The treasure chest Cartoon 156 John Atkinson / Hyphe-nation; Clumsy Advertisements 157 TEX consulting and production services TUG Business 158 TUG institutional members 159 TUG 2019 election News 160 Calendar TEX Users Group Board of Directors † TUGboat (ISSN 0896-3207) is published by the Donald Knuth, Grand Wizard of TEX-arcana ∗ TEX Users Group. -
Notices of the American Mathematical Society 35 Monticello Place, Pawtucket, RI 02861 USA American Mathematical Society Distribution Center
ISSN 0002-9920 Notices of the American Mathematical Society 35 Monticello Place, Pawtucket, RI 02861 USA Society Distribution Center American Mathematical of the American Mathematical Society February 2012 Volume 59, Number 2 Conformal Mappings in Geometric Algebra Page 264 Infl uential Mathematicians: Birth, Education, and Affi liation Page 274 Supporting the Next Generation of “Stewards” in Mathematics Education Page 288 Lawrence Meeting Page 352 Volume 59, Number 2, Pages 257–360, February 2012 About the Cover: MathJax (see page 346) Trim: 8.25" x 10.75" 104 pages on 40 lb Velocity • Spine: 1/8" • Print Cover on 9pt Carolina AMS-Simons Travel Grants TS AN GR EL The AMS is accepting applications for the second RAV T year of the AMS-Simons Travel Grants program. Each grant provides an early career mathematician with $2,000 per year for two years to reimburse travel expenses related to research. Sixty new awards will be made in 2012. Individuals who are not more than four years past the comple- tion of the PhD are eligible. The department of the awardee will also receive a small amount of funding to help enhance its research atmosphere. The deadline for 2012 applications is March 30, 2012. Applicants must be located in the United States or be U.S. citizens. For complete details of eligibility and application instructions, visit: www.ams.org/programs/travel-grants/AMS-SimonsTG Solve the differential equation. t ln t dr + r = 7tet dt 7et + C r = ln t WHO HAS THE #1 HOMEWORK SYSTEM FOR CALCULUS? THE ANSWER IS IN THE QUESTIONS. -
Generating Openmath Content Dictionaries from Wikidata
Generating OpenMath Content Dictionaries from Wikidata Moritz Schubotz Dept. of Computer and Information Science, University of Konstanz, Box 76, 78464 Konstanz, Germany, [email protected] Abstract OpenMath content dictionaries are collections of mathematical sym- bols. Traditionally, content dictionaries are handcrafted by experts. The OpenMath specification requires a name and a textual description in English for each symbol in a dictionary. In our recently published MathML benchmark (MathMLBen), we represent mathematical for- mulae in Content MathML referring to Wikidata as the knowledge base for the grounding of the semantics. Based on this benchmark, we present an OpenMath content dictionary, which we generated auto- matically from Wikidata. Our Wikidata content dictionary consists of 330 entries. We used the 280 entries of the benchmark MathMLBen, as well as 50 entries that correspond to already existing items in the official OpenMath content dictionary entries. To create these items, we proposed the Wikidata property P5610. With this property, everyone can link OpenMath symbols and Wikidata items. By linking Wikidata and OpenMath data, the multilingual community maintained textual descriptions, references to Wikipedia articles, external links to other knowledge bases (such as the Wolfram Functions Site) are connected to the expert crafted OpenMath content dictionaries. Ultimately, these connections form a new content dictionary base. This provides multi- lingual background information for symbols in MathML formulae. 1 Introduction and Prior Works Traditionally, mathematical formulae occur in a textual or situational context. Human readers infer the meaning of formulae from their layout and the context. An essential task in mathematical information retrieval (MathIR) is to mimic parts of this process to automate MathIR tasks. -
Semi-Automated Correction Tools for Mathematics-Based Exercises in MOOC Environments
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Multimedia, Vol. 3, Nº 3 Semi-Automated Correction Tools for Mathematics-Based Exercises in MOOC Environments Alberto Corbí and Daniel Burgos Universidad Internacional de La Rioja the accuracy of the result but also in the correctness of the Abstract — Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) allow the resolution process, which might turn out to be as important as participation of hundreds of students who are interested in a –or sometimes even more important than– the final outcome wide range of areas. Given the huge attainable enrollment rate, it itself. Corrections performed by a human (a teacher/assistant) is almost impossible to suggest complex homework to students and have it carefully corrected and reviewed by a tutor or can also add value to the teacher’s view on how his/her assistant professor. In this paper, we present a software students learn and progress. The teacher’s feedback on a framework that aims at assisting teachers in MOOCs during correction sheet always entails a unique opportunity to correction tasks related to exercises in mathematics and topics improve the learner’s knowledge and build a more robust with some degree of mathematical content. In this spirit, our awareness on the matter they are currently working on. proposal might suit not only maths, but also physics and Exercises in physics deepen this reviewing philosophy and technical subjects. As a test experience, we apply it to 300+ physics homework bulletins from 80+ students. Results show our student-teacher interaction. Keeping an organized and solution can prove very useful in guiding assistant teachers coherent resolution flow is as relevant to the understanding of during correction shifts and is able to mitigate the time devoted the underlying physical phenomena as the final output itself. -
Transforming the Arχiv to XML
Transforming the arχiv to XML Heinrich Stamerjohanns and Michael Kohlhase Computer Science, Jacobs University Bremen fh.stamerjohanns,[email protected] Abstract. We describe an experiment of transforming large collections of LATEX documents to more machine-understandable representations. Concretely, we are translating the collection of scientific publications of the Cornell e-Print Archive (arXiv) using the LATEX to XML converter which is currently under development. The main technical task of our arXMLiv project is to supply LaTeXML bindings for the (thousands of) LATEX classes and packages used in the arXiv collection. For this we have developed a distributed build system that reiteratively runs LaTeXML over the arXiv collection and collects statistics about e.g. the most sorely missing LaTeXML bindings and clus- ters common error events. This creates valuable feedback to both the developers of the LaTeXML package and to binding implementers. We have now processed the complete arXiv collection of more than 400,000 documents from 1993 until 2006 (one run is a processor-year-size un- dertaking) and have continuously improved our success rate to more than 56% (i.e. over 56% of the documents that are LATEX have been converted by LaTeXML without noticing an error and are available as XHTML+MathML documents). 1 Introduction The last few years have seen the emergence of various XML-based, content- oriented markup languages for mathematics and natural sciences on the web, e.g. OpenMath, Content MathML, or our own OMDoc. The promise of these content-oriented approaches is that various tasks involved in \doing mathemat- ics" (e.g. -
Mathoid: Robust, Scalable, Fast and Accessible Math Rendering for Wikipedia
Mathoid: Robust, Scalable, Fast and Accessible Math Rendering for Wikipedia Moritz Schubotz1, Gabriel Wicke2 1 Database Systems and Information Management Group, Technische Universit¨atBerlin, Einsteinufer 17, 10587 Berlin, Germany [email protected] 2 Wikimedia Foundation, San Francisco, California, U.S.A. [email protected] Abstract. Wikipedia is the first address for scientists who want to recap basic mathematical and physical laws and concepts. Today, formulae in those pages are displayed as Portable Network Graphics images. Those images do not integrate well into the text, can not be edited after copy- ing, are inaccessible to screen readers for people with special needs, do not support line breaks for small screens and do not scale for high res- olution devices. Mathoid improves this situation and converts formulae specified by Wikipedia editors in a TEX-like input format to MathML, with Scalable Vector Graphics images as a fallback solution. 1 Introduction: browsers are becoming smarter Wikipedia has supported mathematical content since 2003. Formulae are entered in a TEX-like notation and rendered by a program called texvc. One of the first versions of texvc announced the future of MathML support as follows: \As of January 2003, we have TeX markup for mathematical formulas on Wikipedia. It generates either PNG images or simple HTML markup, depending on user prefs and the complexity of the expression. In the future, as more browsers are smarter, it will be able to generate enhanced HTML or even MathML in many cases." [11] Today, more then 10 years later, less than 20% of people visiting the English arXiv:1404.6179v1 [cs.DL] 24 Apr 2014 Wikipedia, currently use browsers that support MathML (e.g., Firefox) [27]. -
Text-Based Input Formats for Mathematical Formulas
Text-based input formats for mathematical formulas Peter Jipsen Chapman University December 8, 2006 Peter Jipsen (Chapman University) Text-based mathematical input formats December 8, 2006 1 / 22 The problem How to make computers display and understand e.g.: π sin−1 plog e = e 2 Mathematical notation uses complex 2D positioning The information has to be entered in some form Converted to an internal representation Displayed / printed / spoken / archived / searched / ... Peter Jipsen (Chapman University) Text-based mathematical input formats December 8, 2006 2 / 22 Creating mathematical content Traditional document: Handwritten Advantages versatile simple fast Disadvantages hard to digitize hard to parse can’t edit or copy/paste easily semantics? Peter Jipsen (Chapman University) Text-based mathematical input formats December 8, 2006 3 / 22 Creating mathematical content Traditional document: using point and click formula editor Advantages easy to use wysiwyg captures structure Disadvantages slow nonstandard difficult to add to existing tools display quality? Peter Jipsen (Chapman University) Text-based mathematical input formats December 8, 2006 4 / 22 Creating mathematical content Traditional document: using a typesetting system Advantages high quality output import/export features for larger systems expected by publishers Disadvantages cryptic commands tedious textediting/proofreading “nonstandard” Peter Jipsen (Chapman University) Text-based mathematical input formats December 8, 2006 5 / 22 Displaying mathematical content Math on webpages