2019 FLORA DIVERSITY ASSESSMENT
PROJECT TITLE: Oil Palm Plantation Development on 8,094.43 Hectares (20,001 Acres) Land on PT4951-PT49555 and PT4987-PT4991 in Mukim Tembeling, District of Jerantut, Pahang Darul Makmur.
MY-0407A Oil Palm Plantation Development on 8,094.43 Hectares (20,001 Acres) FLORA Land on PT4951-PT4955 and PT4987-PT4991 in Mukim Tembeling, District of Jerantut, Pahang Darul Makmur. ASSESSMENT
7.0 Appendix
A – Complete Plant Checklist
Complete plant checklist (ground observation, line transect and plot enumeration) of the Project area. Note that Plot Species = species recorded during plot sampling.
Plot Family Species Vernacular Name Species Achariaceae Hydnocarpus castanea Hook.f. & Thomson Setumpul Adiantaceae Adiantum latifolium Lam. Paku Suplir Alangium ebenaceum (C.B. Clarke) Harms Alangiaceae Mentulang Daun Bujur var. ebenaceum Alangiaceae Alangium ridleyi King Mentulang Daun Lebar Alangiaceae Alangium uniloculare (Griff.) King Mentulang Daun Bujur X Anacardiaceae Bouea macrophylla Griff. Kundang Daun Besar X Anacardiaceae Bouea oppositifolia (Roxb.) Meisn Kundang Rumenia Anacardiaceae Buchanania sessifolia Blume Otak Udang X Campnosperma auriculatum (Blume) Anacardiaceae Terentang X Hook.f. Anacardiaceae Drimycarpus luridus (Hook.f.) Ding Hou Rengas Anacardiaceae Gluta aptera (King) Ding Hou Rengas X Anacardiaceae Mangifera foetida Lour. Mangga X Anacardiaceae Melanochyla angustifolia Hook.f. Rengas Anacardiaceae Melanochyla fulvinervis (Blume) Ding Hou Rengas Padi Anacardiaceae Pentaspodon velutinus Hook.f. Pelong Beludu Anacardiaceae Semecarpus curtisii King Rengas Anacardiaceae Swintonia floribuda Griff. Merpauh Daun Runcing Anisophylleaceae Anisophyllea scortechinii King Peparah Annonaceae Alphonsea elliptica Hook.f. & Thomson Mempisang Annonaceae Anaxagorea javanica Blume Bunga Pompun Goniothalamus macrophyllus (Blume) Annonaceae Gajah Beranak Hook.f. & Thomson Annonaceae Goniothalamus tenuifolius King Mempisang Annonaceae Mezzettia parviflora Becc. Mempisang Annonaceae Miliusa longipes King. Kalak Orophea enterocarpa Maingay ex Hook.f. Annonaceae Mempisang & Thomson Annonaceae Polyalthia obliqua Hook.f. & Thomson Mempisang Polyalthia stenopetala (Hook.f. & Annonaceae Mempisang X Thomson) Ridl. Annonaceae Popowia fusca King Mempisang Pseuduvaria macrophylla (Oliv.) Merr. var. Annonaceae Mempisang macrophylla
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Plot Family Species Vernacular Name Species Annonaceae Xylopia ferruginea (Hook.f. & Thomson) Jangkang Bukit Apocynaceae Alstonia angustiloba Miq. Pulai Bukit X Apocynaceae Dyera costulata (Miq.) Hook.f. Jelutong X Araceae Alocasia beccarrii Engl. Keladi Hutan Araliaceae Trevesia burckii Boerl. Tapak Harimau Aralidium pinnatifitidum (Jungh. & de Aralidiaceae Sebalai X Vriese) Miq. Arecaceae Caryota maxima Blume Dudur Arecaceae Caryota mitis Lour Dudur Arecaceae Eleiodoxa conferta (Griff.) Burret Kelubi Arecaceae Licuala longipes Griff. Palas Arecaceae Licuala spinosa Wurmb Palas Duri Arecaceae Oncosperma horridum (Griff.) Scheff. Bayas Aspleniaceae Asplenium nidus L. Paku Langsuyar Bombaceae Durio griffithii (Mast.) Bakh. Durian Tupai Burseraceae Canarium littorale var. littorale Blume Kedondong X Burseraceae Dacryodes costata (Benn.) H.J. Lam Kedondong Burseraceae Dacryodes kingii (Engl.) Kalkman Kedondong X Burseraceae Dacryodes laxa (Benn.) H.J. Lam Kedondong Bulu X Burseraceae Santiria laevigata Blume Kedondong Kerantai Licin Burseraceae Santiria tomentosa Blume Kedondong Kerantai Bulu X Calophyllaceae Mesua ferruginea (Pierre) Kosterm. Buah Sembawang Calophyllaceae Mesua grandis (King) Kosterm. Penaga Bayan X Cannabaceae Gironniera hirta Ridl. Hampas Tebu X Cannabaceae Gironniera nervosa Planch. Hampas Tebu Celastraceae Bhesa paniculata Am. Biku-Biku Clusiaceae Garcinia nervosa Miq. var. nervosa Kandis Gajah Clusiaceae Garcinia scortechinii King Kandis X Combretaceae Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. Bahera Compositae Mikania cordata (Burm.f.) B.L. Rob. Selaput Tunggul Compositae Mikania micrantha Kunth. Selaput Tunggul Costaceae Costus speciosus (J. König) Sm. Setawar Halia Merah Davallia denticulata (Burm.f.) Mett. ex Davalliaceae Paku Terutup Kuhn Dilleniaceae Dillenia indica L. Simpoh Dilleniaceae Dillenia reticulata var. psilocarpella Simpoh Gajah X Dilleniaceae Dillenia suffruticosa (Griff.) Martelli Simpoh Air Dilleniaceae Tetracera indica (Christm. & Panz.) Merr. Akar Mempelas Dipteridaceae Dipteris conjugata Reinw. Paku Pakis Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpus grandiflorus (Blanco) Blanco Keruing Belimbing Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpus spp. Keluarga Keruing X
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Plot Family Species Vernacular Name Species Dipterocarpaceae Hopea spp. Merawan Dipterocarpaceae Shorea acuminata Dyer Meranti Rambai Daun X Dipterocarpaceae Shorea hopeifolia (F.Hem,) Symington Damar Hitam Siput Jantan Dipterocarpaceae Shorea leprosula Miq. Meranti Tembaga Dipterocarpaceae Shorea macroptera Dyer Meranti Melantai Dipterocarpaceae Shorea maxwelliana King Balau Kumus Hitam X Dipterocarpaceae Shorea parvifolia Dyer ssp. velutinata Meranti Sarang Punai X Dipterocarpaceae Shorea spp. Keluarga Meranti Dipterocarpaceae Vatica spp. Keluarga Resak Ebenaceae Diospyros cauliflora Blume Kayu Arang X Ebenaceae Diospyros nutans King & Gamble Kayu Arang X Ebenaceae Diospyros scortechinii King & Gamble Kayu Arang Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus rugosus Roxb. Mendong Euphorbiaceae Aporosa aurea Hook.f. Sebasah X Euphorbiaceae Aporosa bracteosa Pax & K. Hoffm. Sebasah X Aporosa octandra (Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) Euphorbiaceae Sebasah A.R. Vickery Euphorbiaceae Aporosa symplocoides (Hook.f.) Gage Sebasah Euphorbiaceae Blumeodendron tokbrai (Blume) J.J.Sm. Gaham Badak X Euphorbiaceae Bridelia tomentosa Blume Kenidai Euphorbiaceae Croton argyratus Blume Cheret Budak Euphorbiaceae Elateriospermum tapos Blume Perah X Euphorbiaceae Endospermum diadenum(Miq.) Airy Shaw Sesenduk X Euphorbiaceae Epiprinus malayanus Griff. Balong Hijau X Euphorbiaceae Macaranga bancana (Blume) Müll.Arg. Mahang Macaranga gigantea (Rchb.f. & Zoll.) Euphorbiaceae Mahang Gajah X Müll.Arg. Macaranga hypoleuca (Rchb.f. & Zoll.) Euphorbiaceae Mahang Putih X Müll.Arg. Euphorbiaceae Macaranga tanarius (L.) Müll.Arg. Mahang X Euphorbiaceae Mallotus macrostachyus (Miq.) Müll.Arg. Balik Angin X Euphorbiaceae Mallotus paniculatus (Lam.) Müll.Arg. Balik Angin Euphorbiaceae Microdesmis caseariifolia Planch. Buah Catang X Euphorbiaceae Paracroton pendulus (Hassk.) Miq. Kerong Guta X Euphorbiaceae Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn. Dukung Anak Pimelodendron griffithianum (Müll.Arg.) Euphorbiaceae Perah Ikan Benth. Euphorbiaceae Sapium baccatum Roxb. Ludai Euphorbiaceae Wetria insignis (Steud.) Airy Shaw Jenjulung Fagaceae Castanopsis spp. Mempening Fagaceae Lithocarpus rassa (Miq.) Rehder Mempening
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Plot Family Species Vernacular Name Species Lithocarpus wallichianus (Lindl. ex Hance) Fagaceae Mempening Rehder Flacourtiaceae Osmelia maingayi King Laka Gleicheniaceae Dicranopteris linearis (Burm.f) Underw. Paku Resam Graminae Gigantochloa scortechinii Gamble Buluh Semantan Graminae Schizostachyum brachycladum Kurz Buluh Nipis Guttiferae Calophyllum dioscurii P.F. Stevens Bintangor X Guttiferae Cratoxylum cochinchinense (Lour.) Blume Geronggang Derum Bukit Guttiferae Cratoxylum formosum (Jack) Dyer Geronggang Derum Molineria latifolia (Dryand.) Herb. ex Kurz Hypoxidaceae Lemba var. latifolia Ixonanthaceae Ixonanthes icosandra Jack Pagar Anak Lauraceae Cinnamomum iners Reinw. Medang (Kayu Manis) X Lauraceae Litsea grandis (Wall. ex Nees) Hook.f. Medang Daun Besar Lecythidaceae Barringtonia macrostachya (Jack) Kurz Putat Gajah X Lecythidaceae Barringtonia pendula (Griff.) Kurz Putat Lecythidaceae Planchonia valida (Blume) Blume Putat Paya Leeaceae Leea indica (Burm.f.) Merr. Memali Leguminosae Archidendron bubalinum (Jack) I.C. Nielsen Kerdas X (Fabaceae) Leguminosae Archidendron clypearia (Jack) I.C. Nielsen Jering Monyet (Fabaceae) Leguminosae Bauhinia kockiana Korth. Ketup-ketup (Fabaceae) Leguminosae Callerya atropurpurea (Wall.) Schot Tulang Daing X (Fabaceae) Leguminosae Dialium platysepalum Baker Keranji Kuning Besar (Fabaceae) Leguminosae Intsia palembanica Miq. Merbau X (Fabaceae) Leguminosae Koompassia excelsa (Becc.) Taub. Tualang X (Fabaceae) Leguminosae Koompassia malaccensis Maing. ex Benth. Kempas (Fabaceae) Leguminosae Mimosa diplotricha C. Wright ex Sauvalle Akar Duri Semalu (Fabaceae) Leguminosae Mimosa pudica L. Akar Duri Semalu (Fabaceae) Leguminosae Parkia speciosa Hassk. Petai X (Fabaceae)
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Plot Family Species Vernacular Name Species Leguminosae Saraca thaipingensis Prain Gapis X (Fabaceae) Malvaceae Microcos antidesmifolia (King) Burret Damak-damak Malvaceae Urena lobata L. Bunga Raya Marantaceae Donax grandis K. Schum. Bemban Melastomataceae Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don Senduduk Rimba Melastomataceae Melastoma malabathricum L. Senduduk Memecylon acuminatum Sm. var. Melastomataceae Nipis Kulit X acuminatum Melastomataceae Memecylon paniculatum Jack Nipis Kulit Melastomataceae Oxyspora bullata (Griff.) J.F. Maxwell Senduduk Gajah Melastomataceae Phyllagathis rotundifolia (Jack) Blume Meroyan Merah Melastomataceae Pternandra galeata (Korth.) Ridl. Sial Menahun X Meliaceae Aglaia angustifolia Pannell Bekak Meliaceae Aglaia argentea Blume Bekak X Meliaceae Aglaia forbesii King Bekak Meliaceae Azadirachta excelsa (Jack) M. Jacobs Sentang X Meliaceae Chisocheton patens Blume Bekak X Meliaceae Chisocheton tomentosus (Roxb.) Mabb. Bekak X Meliaceae Chukrasia tabularis A. Juss. Cherana Putih X Meliaceae Dysoxylum cauliflorum Hiern Dedali X Moraceae Antiaris toxicaria Lesch. Ipoh Moraceae Artocarpus elasticus Reinw. Ex Blume Terap Nasi X Moraceae Artocarpus lanceifolius Roxb. Keledang Moraceae Artocarpus rigidus Blume Temponek Moraceae Ficus benjamina L. Jejawi X Ficus grossularioides Burm.f. var. Moraceae Ara grossularioides Moraceae Ficus obscura Blume Ara Moraceae Streblus elongatus (Miq.) Corner Tempinis Moraceae Streblus ilifolius (Vidal) Corner Kesinai Musaceae Musa spp. Pisang Knema furfuracea (Hook.f. & Thomson) Myristicaceae Penarahan Warb. Myristicaceae Knema laurina (Blume) Warb. Penarahan X Myristicaceae Knema scortechinii (King) J. Sinclair Penarahan Myrsinaceae Ardisia crenata Sims Mata Pelandok Myrtaceae Syzygium acuminatissimum (Blume) DC Kelat Syzygium anisosepalum (Duthie) I.M. Myrtaceae Kelat Turner
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Plot Family Species Vernacular Name Species Syzygium diospyrifolium (Wall. ex Duthie) Myrtaceae Kelat S.N. Mitra Syzygium dyerianum (King) P. Myrtaceae Kelat X Chantaranothai & J. Parn. Syzygium scortechinii (King) P. Myrtaceae Kelat Chantaranothai & J. Parn. var. scortechinii Olacaceae Ochanostachys amentacea Mast. Petaling X Olacaceae Strombosia javanica Blume Bayan Oleandraceae Nephrolepis auriculata (L.) Trimen Paku Palmae Arenga hastata (Becc.) Whitmore Kabung Palmae Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr. Kabung Palmae Eugeissona tristis Griff. Bertam Palmae Licuala paludosa Griff. Palas Palmae Pinanga malaiana (Mart.) Scheff Pinang Palmae Pinanga sp. Pinang Pandaceae Galearia fulva (Tul.) Miq. Akar Penurun Lotong X Phyllanthaceae Antidesma cuspidatum Mull. Arg. Berunai Phyllanthaceae Antidesma tomentosum Blume Berunai Phyllanthaceae Baccaurea lanceolata (Miq.) Müll.Arg. Rambai Hutan X Phyllanthaceae Baccaurea racemosa (Reinw.) Müll.Arg. Tampoi Phyllanthaceae Cleistanthus hirsutulus Hook. f. Kurau X Phyllanthaceae Cleistanthus kingii Jabl. Kurau Piperaceae Piper aduncum L. Sireh Hutan Piperaceae Piper sarmentosum Roxb. Kaduk Xanthophyllum eurhynchum Miq. ssp. Polygalaceae Minyak Beruk eurhynchum Polygalaceae Xanthophyllum wrayi King Minyak Beruk Goniophlebium percussum (Cav.) W.H. Polypodiaceae Paku Wagner & Grether Microsorum scolopendrium (Burm.f.) Polypodiaceae PakuWangi Copel., Platycerium coronarium (D. Koenig ex O.F. Polypodiaceae Paku Tanduk Rusa Müll.) Desv. Primulaceae Ardisia eliptica Thunb. Cempenai X Primulaceae Ardisia lanceolata Roxb. Mata Pelanduk X Rhizophoraceae Carallia brachiata (Lour.) Merr. Meransi Rhizophoraceae Gynotroches axillaris Blume Mata Keli X Rhizophoraceae Pellacalyx saccardianus Scort. Membuluh X Prunus arborea (Blume) Kalkman var. Rosaceae Pepijat X arborea Rubiaceae Aidia densiflora (Wall.) Masam. Menterbang X
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Plot Family Species Vernacular Name Species Rubiaceae Canthium confertum Korth. Kopi Hijau X Rubiaceae Chassalia chartacea Craib Beberas Rubiaceae Gardeniopsis longifolia Miq. Gardeniopsis Rubiaceae Ixora concinna Hook.f. Jenjarum (Pecah Periuk) Rubiaceae Ixora finlaysoniana Wall. ex G.Don Pecah Periok Rubiaceae Mussaenda glabra Vahl Janda Kaya Rubiaceae Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser Kelempayan Porterandia anisophyllea (Jack ex Roxb.) Rubiaceae Tinjau Belukar X Ridl. Rubiaceae Saprosma glomerulata King & Gamble Kerak-kerak Rubiaceae Urophyllum glabrum Wall Melukut Maclurodendron porteri (Hook.f.) T.G. Rutaceae Limau Hutan Hartley Rutaceae Melicope glabra (Blume) T.G. Hartley Pepauh Rutaceae Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack Kemuning Sapindaceae Lepisanthes senegalensis (Poir.) Leenh. Rambutan Hutan Sapindaceae Lepisanthes tetraphylla (Vahl) Radlk Rambutan Hutan Sapindaceae Nephelium cuspidatum Blume Lotong/Rambutan X Sapindaceae Nephelium juglandifolium Lotong/Rambutan Sapindaceae Paranephelium xestophyllum Miq. Ambuakat Sapindaceae Pometia pinnata J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. Kasai Daun Lebar X Rambutan Pacat Daun Sapindaceae Xerospermum laevigatum Radlk. Kecil Xerospermum noronhianum (Blume) Sapindaceae Rambutan Pacat X Blume Madhuca korthalsii (Pierre ex Burck) H.J. Sapotaceae Kayu Pak-peting Lam Palaquium maingayi (C.B. Clarke) King & Sapotaceae Nyatoh Tembaga Gamble Sapotaceae Palaquium rostratum (Miq.) Burck Nyatoh Sidang X Sapotaceae Pouteria obovata (R.Br.) Baehni Nyatoh Schizaeaceae Lygodium flexuosum (L.) Sw. Paku Schizaeaceae Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R.Br. Paku Selaginella intermedia (Blume) Spring var. Selaginellaceae Paku Merak intermedia Selaginellaceae Selaginella willdenowii (Desv.) Baker Paku Merak Solanaceae Solanum nigrum L. Ranti Solanaceae Solanum torvum Sw. Terung Pipit Sterculiaceae Heritiera elata Ridl. Mengkulang X Sterculiaceae Heritiera simplicifolia (Mast.) Kosterm. Mengkulang Siku Kluang Sterculiaceae Pterocymbium tinctorium (Blanco) Merr. Mata Lembu
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Plot Family Species Vernacular Name Species Sterculiaceae Pterospermum diversifolium Blume Bayur Kembang Semangkuk Sterculiaceae Scaphium linearicarpum (Mast.) Pierre Bulat Scaphium macropodum (Miq.) Beumée ex Kembang Semangkuk Sterculiaceae X Heyne Jantung Sterculiaceae Sterculia foetida L. Kelumpang Jari Sterculiaceae Sterculia parvifolia Wall. ex R.Br. Kelumpang Taccaceae Tacca integrifolia Ker Gawl Sebiak Theaceae Adinandra dumosa Jack Tetiup Tiliaceae Pentace triptera Mast. Melunak X Ulmaceae Trema orientalis (L.) Blume Mengkirai X Ulmaceae Trema tomentosa (Roxb.) Hara Menarong X Verbenaceae Clerodendron paniculatum L. Bunga Pagoda Verbenaceae Vitex pinnata L. Leban X Verbenaceae Vitex vestita Wall. ex Schau Leban Violaceae Rinorea sclerocarpa (Burgersd.) M. Jacobs Sentil Tembakau Vitaceae Ampelocissis cinnamomea (Wall.) Planch. Ubi Kertas Zingiberaceae Alpinia javanica Blume Kumpulan Halia Zingiberaceae Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M. Sm. Kantan Zingiberaceae Etlingera littoralis (J. Konig.) Giseke Kantan Zingiberaceae Scaphochlamys erecta Holttum Halia Hutan Zingiberaceae Zingiber spectabile Griff. Tepus Tanah
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B – Details on Biomass Calculation
Biomass
Above-Ground Biomass (AGB)
By using tree DBH, the above-ground biomass can be determined using a regression formula by Kato et al. (1978).
Biomass regression (Kato et al. 1978); i) Basal area (cm) = 0.7854 x (DBH)2 ii) Height (m) = (122 x DBH) / (2 (DBH) + 61) iii) Above ground biomass (AGB) (dry weight)
= Ws + Wb + Wl in kg
= [(Ws + Wb + Wl )/A]/ 1000 in t/ha
a) Ws (stem weight) = 0.0313 (D2H)0.9733 b) Wb (branch weight) = 0. 136 Ws1.070 c) Wl (leave weight) = (125 x 0.124 Ws0.794)/(0.124 Ws0.794 + 125)
Where:
D = Diameters at breast height
H = Height
BA = Basal area
A = total area of plots
Nevertheless, in this study, the above-ground biomass was determined using modified Kato et al. (1978). The actual height measured in the field was used to change the estimated height from Kato et al. (1978)’s estimation. The purpose for this modification is because trees height in upper hill dipterocarp forest is lower than lowland dipterocarp forest (Wyatt Smith, 1963).
Below-Ground Biomass (BGB)
The equation for below-ground biomass was based on Niiyama et al. (2010):
Wr = 0.0262*D2.497
Where D is the diameter at breast height
From the aboveground biomass and belowground biomass, the total amount of biomass of the Project area was calculated as:
Total biomass (t/ha) = AGB + BGB
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8.0 Bibliography
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Ng, F. S. P. 1989 (ed.). Tree Flora of Malaya. Volume 4. Kuala Lumpur. Longman Niiyama, K., Kajimoto, T., Matsuura, Y., Yamashita, T., Azizi, R., Abd Rahman, K. & Nur Supardi (2010). Estimation root biomass based on the excavation of whole root system in a primary dipterocarp forest of Pasoh Forest Reserve in Peninsular Malaysia. Parris, B. S., Kiew, R., Chung, R. C. K., Saw, L. G. & Soepadmo, E. 2010. Flora of Peninsular Malaysia. Series I: Ferns and Lycophytes, Volume 1. Mal. For. Rec. No. 48. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia. Ridley, H. N. 1922. The Flora of the Malaya Peninsula. Vol. I – Polypetalae. L. Reeve & Co., Ltd. 912 pp. Ridley, H. N. 1923. The Flora of the Malaya Peninsula. Vol. II – Gamopetalae. L. Reeve & Co., Ltd. 672 pp. Ridley, H. N. 1924a. The Flora of the Malaya Peninsula. Vol. III – Apetalae. L. Reeve & Co., Ltd. 405 pp. Ridley, H. N. 1924b. The Flora of the Malaya Peninsula. Vol. IV– Monocotyledones. L. Reeve & Co., Ltd. 383 pp. Symington, C. F. 1943. Foresters’ Manual of Dipterocarps. Malayan Forest Record No. 16. 519 pp. Turner, I. M. 1995. A catalogue of the vascular plant of Malaya. The Garden Bulletin Singapore 47(1): 1-757. Whitmore, T. C. 1973a (ed.). Tree Flora of Malaya. Volume 2. Kuala Lumpur: Longman. Whitmore, T. C. 1972a (ed.). Tree Flora of Malaya. Volume 1. Kuala Lumpur: Longman. Wyatt-Smith, 1963. Manual of Malayan silviculture for inland forest (Second Edition). Volume I & II. Malayan Forest Records No. 23. Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong. Wyatt-Smith, J. 1999. Pocket Check List of Timber Trees. Third revision by Kochummen, K. M. Mal. For. Rec. No. 17. Forest Research Institute Malaysia.
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