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Table 1: Total Flora Species Composition in the Survey Sites

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Table 1: Total Flora Species Composition in the survey sites FAMILY SPECIES RPR AGR IUCN FLD-P MF-BF WC-FR Plant Type CONSERVATIO Asystasia gangetica (L.) Acanthaceae H √ √ √ NE T.Anderson ssp. Gangetica Acanthaceae Acanthus ilicifolius L. S √ LC Staurogyne kingiana Acanthaceae H √ NE C.B.Clarke Saurauia pentapetala (Jack) Actinidiaceae T √ √ √ NE Hoogland Adiantaceae Adiantum latifolium Lam. F √ √ √ √ NE Adiantaceae Vittaria ensiformis Sw. F √ √ √ NE Adiantaceae Taenitis dimorpha Holtum F √ √ NE Alangium ebenaceum Alangiaceae (C.B.Clarke) Harms var. T √ √ NE ebenaceum Alangium nobile (C.B.Clarke) Alangiaceae T √ √ NE Harms Alismataceae Limnocharis flava (L.) Buchenau H √ √ √ NE Bouea oppositifolia (Roxb.) Anacardiaceae T √ NE Meisn. Buchanania arborescens Anacardiaceae T √ NE (Blume) Blume Anacardiaceae Buchanania sessifolia Blume T √ √ NE Campnosperma auriculatum Anacardiaceae T √ NE (Blume) Hook.f. Campnosperma coriaceum Anacardiaceae T √ √ NE (Jack) Hallier f. Anacardiaceae Campnosperma squamatum T √ NE FAMILY SPECIES RPR AGR IUCN FLD-P MF-BF WC-FR Plant Type CONSERVATIO Ridl. Dracontomelon dao (Blanco) Anacardiaceae T √ √ NE Merr. & Rolfe Drimycarpus luridus (Hookf) Anacardiaceae T √ NE Ding Hou Gluta aptera (King) Ding Anacardiaceae T √ NE Hou Anacardiaceae Gluta elegans (Wall.) Hook.f. T √ √ NE Anacardiaceae Mangifera gracilipes Hook.f. T √ NE Mangifera macrocarpa Anacardiaceae T √ NE Blume Mangifera magnifica Anacardiaceae T √ NE Kochummen Anacardiaceae Mangifera quadrifida Jack T √ √ NE Melanochyla angustifolia Anacardiaceae T √ NE Hook.f. Melanochyla auriculata Anacardiaceae T √ NE Hook.f. Anacardiaceae Melanochyla bracteata King T √ NE Melanochyla caesia (Blume) Anacardiaceae T √ NE Ding Hou Melanochyla fulvinervis Anacardiaceae T √ NE (Blume) Ding Hou Melanochyla tomentosa Anacardiaceae T √ NE Hook.f. Anacardiaceae Parishia paucijuga Engl. T √ NE Anacardiaceae Pentaspadon motleyi Hook.f. T √ NE Swintonia schwenkii (Teijsm. Anacardiaceae T √ NE & Binn.) Teijsm. & Binn. Anisophyllea corneri Ding Anisophylleaceae T √ NE Hou FAMILY SPECIES RPR AGR IUCN FLD-P MF-BF WC-FR Plant Type CONSERVATIO Anisophyllea disticha (Jack) Anisophylleaceae T √ NE Baill. Anisophyllea rhomboidea Anisophylleaceae T √ NE Baill. Anisophyllea scortechinii Anisophylleaceae T √ NE King Annonaceae Alphonsea cylindrica King T √ LC Alphonsea maingayi Annonaceae T √ LC Hook. f. & Thomson Annonaceae Desmos chinensis Lour. T √ √ √ NE Enicosanthum fuscum (King) Annonaceae T √ NE Airy Shaw Friesodielsia affinis (Hook.f. Annonaceae T √ NE & Thomson) D.Das Annonaceae Goniothalamus curtisii King T √ NE Goniothalamus macrophyllus Annonaceae T √ NE (Blume) Hook.f. & Thomson Annonaceae Goniothalamus wrayi King T √ NE Annonaceae Mezzettia parviflora Becc. T √ NE Mitrephora maingayi Hook.f. Annonaceae T √ NE & Thomson Monocarpia marginalis Annonaceae T √ NE (Scheff.) J.Sinclair Phaeanthus ophthalmicus Annonaceae T √ NE (Roxb. ex G.Don) J.Sinclair Annonaceae Polyalthia bullata King T √ NE Polyalthia cauliflora Hook.f. Annonaceae T √ NE & Thomson Polyalthia rumphii (Blume) Annonaceae T √ NE Merr. Annonaceae Polyalthia stenopetala T √ NE FAMILY SPECIES RPR AGR IUCN FLD-P MF-BF WC-FR Plant Type CONSERVATIO (Hook.f. & Thomson) Ridl. Polyalthia sumatrana (Miq.) Annonaceae T √ NE Kurz. Popowia pisocarpa (Blume) Annonaceae T √ NE Endl. Pseuduvaria macrophylla Annonaceae T √ NE (Oliv.) Merr. Trivalvaria macrophylla Annonaceae T √ NE (Blume) Miq. Xylopia caudata Hook.f. & Annonaceae T √ √ √ NE Thomson Xylopia ferruginea (Hook.f. Annonaceae T √ NE & Thomson) Hook.f. & Thoms Xylopia fusca Maingay ex Annonaceae T √ NE Hook.f. & Thomson Xylopia magna Maingay ex Annonaceae T √ NE Hook.f. & Thomson Xylopia malayana Hook.f. & Annonaceae T √ NE Thomson var. malayana Alstonia angustifolia Wall. ex Apocynaceae T √ √ LC DC. Apocynaceae Alstonia angustiloba Miq. T √ √ LC Alstonia macrophylla Wall. ex Apocynaceae T √ √ LC G.Don Apocynaceae Alstonia spatulata Blume T √ NE Apocynaceae Cerbera manghas L. T √ NE Apocynaceae Dyera costulata (Miq.) Hook.f.T √ √ NE Kibatalia maingayi (Hook.f) Apocynaceae T √ √ NE Woodson Apocynaceae Tabernaemontana corymbosa T √ NE FAMILY SPECIES RPR AGR IUCN FLD-P MF-BF WC-FR Plant Type CONSERVATIO Roxb. ex Wall. Aquifoliaceae Ilex macrophylla Hook.f. T √ NE Aglaonema simplex Araceae H √ √ LC (Blume)Blumer Araceae Amorphophallus sp. H √ NE Colocasia gigantea (Blume) Araceae H √ √ √ NE Hook. f. Homalomena sagittifolia Jungh. Araceae H √ NE ex Schott var. sagittifolia Arthrophyllum diversifolium Araliaceae T √ NE Blume Araliaceae Schefflera sp. T √ NE Araliaceae Trevesia burckii Boerl. T √ √ NE Thottea corimbosa Aristolochiaceae H √ NE (Griff.) Ding Hou Aristolochiaceae Thottea grandiflora Rottb. H √ NE Asclepiadaceae Finlaysonia obovata Wall. L √ NE Aspleniaceae Asplenium nidus L. F √ √ NE Aspleniaceae Asplenium tenerum G.Forst. F √ √ NE Avicenniaceae Avicennia alba Blume T √ NE Avicenniaceae Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. T √ NE Avicenniaceae Avicennia rumphiana Hallier f. T √ NE Begoniaceae Begonia barbellata Ridl. T √ NE Begoniaceae Begonia holttumii Irmsch. T √ NE Radermachera glandulosa Bignoniaceae T √ NE (Blume) Miq. Blechnaceae Blechnum orientale L. F √ √ NE FAMILY SPECIES RPR AGR IUCN FLD-P MF-BF WC-FR Plant Type CONSERVATIO Stenochlaena palustris Blechnaceae F √ √ √ NE (Burm.f.) Bedd. Bombacaceae Coelostegia griffithii Benth. T NE Bombacaceae Durio graveolens Becc. T √ NE Bombacaceae Durio lowianus Scort ex King T √ √ NE Bombacaceae Durio singaporensis Ridl. T √ NE Bombacaceae Neesia malayana Bakh. T √ √ NE Bombacaceae Neesia synandra Mast. T √ NE Burseraceae Canarium littorale Blume T √ √ √ NE Canarium patentinervium Burseraceae T √ √ √ NE Miq. Burseraceae Canarium pilosum Benn T √ NE Burseraceae Dacryodes laxa (Benn.) H.J.Lam T √ NE Dacryodes rostrata (Blume) Burseraceae T √ √ NE H.J.Lam Santiria apiculata Benn. var. Burseraceae T √ NE apiculata Burseraceae Santiria griffithii (Hook.f.) Engl. T √ √ NE Burseraceae Santiria laevigata Blume T √ NE Burseraceae Santiria tomentosa Blume T √ NE Gonocaryum lobbianum Cardiopteridaceae T √ √ NE (Miers) Kurz Casuarinaceae Casuarina equisetifolia L. T √ NE Celastraceae Bhesa paniculata Arn. T √ NE Celastraceae Euonymus javanicus Blume T √ NE Glyptopetalum Celastraceae T √ NE quadrangulare Prain ex King Celastraceae Lophopetalum pachyphylum T √ NE FAMILY SPECIES RPR AGR IUCN FLD-P MF-BF WC-FR Plant Type CONSERVATIO King. Celastraceae Salacia grandiflora Kurz T √ NE Atuna nannodes Chrysobalanaceae T √ √ NE (Kostermans) Kostermans Chrysobalanaceae Atuna racemosa Raf. T √ NE Licania splendens (Korth.) Chrysobalanaceae T √ NE Prance Chrysobalanaceae Parinari rigida Kostermans T √ NE Combretaceae Lumnitzera littorea (Jack) Voigt T √ NE Combretaceae Terminalia catappa L. T √ NE Compositae Pluchea indica (L.) Less. T √ NE Sphagneticola calendulacea Compositae T √ NE (L.) Pruski Compositae Wollastonia biflora (L.) DC. T √ NE Chromolaena odorata (L.) Compositae H NE R.M.King & H.Rob. Compositae Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. H NE Mikania cordata (Burm.f.) Compositae H √ √ √ NE B.L.Rob. Compositae Vernonia arborea Buch.-Ham T √ √ NE Connaraceae Cnestis palala (Lour.) Merr. T √ √ NE Peliosanthes teta Andrews ssp. Convallariaceae T √ NE humilis (Andrews) Jessop Convolvulaceae Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. H √ LC Ipomoea pes-caprae subsp. Convolvulaceae H √ NE brasiliensis (L.) Ooststr. Costaceae Costus speciosus (J.König) Sm. H √ √ √ NE FAMILY SPECIES RPR AGR IUCN FLD-P MF-BF WC-FR Plant Type CONSERVATIO Crypteronia griffithii Crypteroniaceae T √ √ NE C.B.Clarke Cyathea latebrosa (Wall. ex Cyatheaceae F √ √ NE Hook.) Copel. Mapania cuspidata (Miq.) Cyperaceae Uittien var. petiolata H √ NE (C.B.Clarke) Uittien Cyperaceae Scleria sumatrensis Retz. H √ √ √ NE Davallia denticulata (Burm. f.) Davalliaceae F √ √ √ NE Mett. ex Kuhn Dennstaedtiaceae Lindsaea scandens Hook. F √ √ √ NE Dilleniaceae Acrotrema costatum Jack H √ √ √ NE Dillenia grandifolia Wall. ex Dilleniaceae S √ NE Hook.f. & Thomson Dillenia reticulata King var. Dilleniaceae S √ NE psilocarpella Hoogland Dilleniaceae Dillenia sumatrana Miq. S √ NE Tetracera indica (Christm. & Dilleniaceae H √ NE Panz.) Merr. Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea hispida Dennst. L √ NE Dipterocarpaceae Anisoptera laevis Ridl. T √ EN Dipterocarpus concavus Dipterocarpaceae T √ √ CR Foxw. Dipterocarpus coriaceus Dipterocarpaceae T √ √ CR Slooten Dipterocarpus costulatus Dipterocarpaceae T √ CR Slooten Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpus crinitus Dyer T √ EN Dipterocarpus eurynchus Dipterocarpaceae T √ CR Miq. Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpus grandiflorus T √ CR FAMILY SPECIES RPR AGR IUCN FLD-P MF-BF WC-FR Plant Type CONSERVATIO (Blanco) Blanco Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpus lowii Hook.f. T √ √ CR Dipterocarpus sarawakensis Dipterocarpaceae T √ NE (Browne) Slooten Dipterocarpus verrucosus Dipterocarpaceae T √ NE Foxw. Dryobalanops aromatica Dipterocarpaceae T √ NE C.F.Gaertn. Dryobalanops oblongifolia Dyer Dipterocarpaceae T √ NE ssp. occidentalis P.S.Ashton Dipterocarpaceae Hopea mengerawan Miq. T √ NE Dipterocarpaceae Hopea nutans Ridl. T √ CR Neobalanocarpus heimii Dipterocarpaceae T √ VU (King) P.S.Ashton Dipterocarpaceae Parashorea stellata Kurz T √ CR Dipterocarpaceae Shorea acuminata Dyer T √ CR Dipterocarpaceae Shorea assamica Dyer T √ NE Shorea atrinervosa Dipterocarpaceae T √ NE Symington Shorea balanocarpoides Dipterocarpaceae T √ EN Symington Dipterocarpaceae Shorea bracteolata Dyer T √ CR Dipterocarpaceae Shorea collina Ridl. T √ NE Shorea curtisii Dyer ex King ssp. Dipterocarpaceae T √
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    SUMMARY REPORT ON FORESTS OF THE MATAQALI NADICAKE KILAKA, KUBULAU DISTRICT, BUA, VANUA LEVU By Gunnar Keppel (Biology Department, University of the South Pacific) INTRODUCTION I was approached by Dr. David Olson of the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) to assess the type, status and quality of the forest in Kubulau District, Bua, Vanua Levu. I initially spent 2 days, Friday (28/10/2005) afternoon and the whole of Saturday (29/10/2005), in Kubulau district. This invitation was the result of interest by some landowning family clans (mataqali) to protect part of their land and the offer by WCS to assist in reserving part of their land for conservation purposes. On Friday I visited two forest patches (one logged about 40 years ago and another old-growth) near the coast and Saturday walking through the forests in the center of the district. Because of the scarcity of data obtained (and because the forest appeared suitable for my PhD research), I decided to return to the district for a more detailed survey of the northernmost forests of Kubulau district from Saturday (12/11/2005) to Tuesday (22/11/2005). Upon returning, I found out that the mataqali Nadicake Nadi had abandoned plans to set up a reserve and initiated steps to log their forests. Therefore, I decided to focus my research on the land of the mataqali Nadicake Kilaka only. My objectives were the following: 1) to determine the types of vegetation present 2) to produce a checklist of the flora and, through this list, identify rare and threatened species in the reserve 3) to undertake a quantitative survey of the northernmost forests (lowland tropical rain forest) by setting up 4 permanent 50 ×50m plots 4) to assess the status of the forests 5) to determine the state and suitability of the proposed reserve 6) to assess possible threats to the proposed reserve.
  • <I>Euphorbiaceae</I>

    <I>Euphorbiaceae</I>

    Blumea 61, 2016: 64–82 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/blumea RESEARCH ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/000651916X691547 A revision of the Malesian genus Blumeodendron (Euphorbiaceae) M.A.D. Ottens-Treurniet1, P.C. van Welzen1,2 Key words Abstract The genus Blumeodendron (Euphorbiaceae) comprises nine species and is distributed from the Andaman Islands and Myanmar in the west through Malesia to the Bismarck Archipelago in the east. Two species are newly Blumeodendron described, B. gesinus, with ridged fruits, and B. endocarpum, with a thickened endocarp around each seed. Three Euphorbiaceae former synonyms, B. novoguineense (new name for Bennettia papuanum), B. philippinense and B. subrotundifolium, Malesia are reinstated as species. Two important characters were newly discovered, the presence of small lepidote hairs revision in all species and the indehiscent fruit of B. endocarpum. taxonomy Published on 29 April 2016 INTRODUCTION The variation within Blumeodendron is very high, especially in the former circumscription of the two widespread species. It is Blumeodendron (Müll.Arg.) Kurz is a tree genus in the Euphor­ typically a genus where it takes time to become familiar with biaceae, which ranges from the Andaman Islands and Myanmar the species before a sensible delimitation can be made. As a in the west through Malesia to the Bismarck Archipelago in the result, the species circumscriptions have changed dramatically. east. Blumeodendron belongs to the subfamily Acalyphoideae, The definition of the widespread B. kurzii and B. tokbrai is much tribe Pycnocomeae, subtribe Blumeodendrinae (Webster 1994, more restricted as B. borneense Pax & K.Hoffm. (with B. con­ 2014, Radcliffe-Smith 2001) and is part of clade A1 of the core color Gage as synonym), B.
  • Diversity of the Tree Flora in Semenggoh Arboretum, Sarawak, Borneo

    Diversity of the Tree Flora in Semenggoh Arboretum, Sarawak, Borneo

    Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 64(1): 139–169. 2012 139 Diversity of the tree flora in Semenggoh Arboretum, Sarawak, Borneo C.Y. Ling1 and S. Julia2 Botanical Research Centre, Sarawak Forestry Corporation, Km 20, Jalan Puncak Borneo, 93250 Kuching, Sarawak [email protected] (corresponding author) [email protected] ABSTRACT. A 4-ha sample plot was established at the Arboretum, Semenggoh Forest Reserve to document tree species in this lowland mixed dipterocarp forest. The area assessed contains 2837 trees with diameter at breast height ≥ 10 cm belonging to 60 families, 160 genera and 541 species. Euphorbiaceae and Malvaceae (10 genera each) were the most diverse families at genus level and Dipterocarpaceae (61 species) is most diverse at species level. More than 25% of trees (720 individuals) were dipterocarps and contributed the highest basal area (cross-sectional area over-bark at breast height measured in m2) of 16.7 m2/ha. The most abundant species are Shorea multiflora (21 trees/ha) and Pouteria malaccensis (31 trees/ha) for dipterocarp and non-dipterocarp species, respectively. Semenggoh Arboretum has a rich and diverse flora and, being a natural primary forest in the middle of an increasingly developed area, Semenggoh is important as a genetic reservoir for threatened species (particularly the dipterocarps) and as an in-situ conservation site for Sarawak’s lowland mixed dipterocarp forest. Keywords. Borneo, Dipterocarpaceae, Sarawak, Semenggoh Arboretum, tree diversity Introduction Floristic composition studies or floristic analyses are a useful tool to understand the spatial pattern of plant composition and diversity. When combined with ecological, environmental, geological and historical variables, important information on mechanisms maintaining high levels of tree species diversity in tropical forest can be obtained (Slik et al.
  • The Rare Plants of Samoa JANUARY 2011

    The Rare Plants of Samoa JANUARY 2011

    The Rare Plants of Samoa JANUARY 2011 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION LESSONS LEARNED TECHNICAL SERIES 2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION LESSONS LEARNED TECHNICAL SERIES 2 The Rare Plants of Samoa Biodiversity Conservation Lessons Learned Technical Series is published by: Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) and Conservation International Pacific Islands Program (CI-Pacific) PO Box 2035, Apia, Samoa T: + 685 21593 E: [email protected] W: www.conservation.org Conservation International Pacific Islands Program. 2011. Biodiversity Conservation Lessons Learned Technical Series 2: The Rare Plants of Samoa. Conservation International, Apia, Samoa Author: Art Whistler, Isle Botanica, Honolulu, Hawai’i Design/Production: Joanne Aitken, The Little Design Company, www.thelittledesigncompany.com Series Editors: James Atherton and Leilani Duffy, Conservation International Pacific Islands Program Conservation International is a private, non-profit organization exempt from federal income tax under section 501c(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. ISBN 978-982-9130-02-0 © 2011 Conservation International All rights reserved. OUR MISSION Building upon a strong foundation of science, partnership and field demonstration, CI empowers societies to responsibly and sustainably care for nature for the well-being of humanity This publication is available electronically from Conservation International’s website: www.conservation.org ABOUT THE BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION LESSONS LEARNED TECHNICAL SERIES This document is part of a technical report series on conservation projects funded by the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) and the Conservation International Pacific Islands Program (CI-Pacific). The main purpose of this series is to disseminate project findings and successes to a broader audience of conservation professionals in the Pacific, along with interested members of the public and students.