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Republic of Fiji: the State of the World's Forest Genetic Resources

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REPUBLIC OF FIJI This country report is prepared as a contribution to the FAO publication, The Report on the State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources. The content and the structure are in accordance with the recommendations and guidelines given by FAO in the document Guidelines for Preparation of Country Reports for the State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources (2010). These guidelines set out recommendations for the objective, scope and structure of the country reports. Countries were requested to consider the current state of knowledge of forest genetic diversity, including: Between and within species diversity List of priority species; their roles and values and importance List of threatened/endangered species Threats, opportunities and challenges for the conservation, use and development of forest genetic resources These reports were submitted to FAO as official government documents. The report is presented on www. fao.org/documents as supportive and contextual information to be used in conjunction with other documentation on world forest genetic resources. The content and the views expressed in this report are the responsibility of the entity submitting the report to FAO. FAO may not be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained in this report. STATE OF THE FOREST GENETIC RESOURCES IN FIJI Department of Forests Ministry of Fisheries and Forests for The Republic of Fiji Islands and the Secreatriat of Pacific Communities (SPC) State of the Forest Genetic Resources in Fiji _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Table of Contents Executve Summary ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….. 5 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….. 6 Chapter 1: The Current State of the Forest Genetic Resources in Fiji ………………………………………………………………….……. 10 1.1 Priority Forest Tree Species …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10 1.2 Forest Plant Species Actively Managed for Human Utilization ………………………………………………………. 10 1.3 Main Forest Trees or Other Woody Plant Species Actively Managed for Environmental Services ………………….. 11 1.4 Forest Trees and Other Woody Species which are Endemic …………………………………………………………… 11 1.5 Trees and Other Woody Forest Species Identified as Being Threatened ……………………………………………… 11 1.6 Regular Assessment of Forest Tree Threatened Species .……………………………………………………………… 11 1.7 Tree Species for which there is Insufficient Information to Determine Wheather or not they area Threatened ……. 11 1.8 System for Documenting Forest Reproductive Materials ………………………………………………………………. 12 1.9 Current State of Forest Reproductive Materials ………………………………………………………………………… 12 1.10 Current State of Genetic Characterization of the Main Forest Trees and Other Woody Plant Species ……………... 13 1.11 Information on Forest Genetic Resources as Part of National Forest Surveys ………………………………………. 13 1.12 Forest Genetic Conservation Strategies/Programmes ………………………………………………………………….. 14 Chapter 2: The State of In-situ Conservation …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 16 2.1 Genetic Conservation of Forest Trees and Other Woody Plant Species in Protected Areas ………………………….. 17 2.2 Populations of all Native Tree Species and Other Woody Plant Species that are Conserved In-situ ……………….. 17 2.3 Programme for In-situ Conservation of Forest Genetic Resources …………………………………………………… 17 2.4 Main Constraints in Improving Genetic Conservation Programmes ………………………………………………….. 18 2.5 Priorities for Future In-situ Conservation Actions …………………………………………………………………….. 18 2.6 Other Relevant Information on In-situ Conservation …………………………………………………………………. 19 2.7 Species that are conserved (in Farm circa situ) on Conservation of on Farms of Trees Useful in Agroforestry …… 19 Chapter 3: The State of Ex-situ Genetic Conservation ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 20 3.1 Uses of Target Species Included in Ex-situ Conservation Programmes/Units ……………………………………….. 20 3.2 Main Constraints in Improving Ex-situ Conservation …………………………………………………………………. 20 3.3 Priotities for Future Ex-situ Conservation Actions ……………………………………………………………………. 20 3.4 Other Relevant Information on Ex-situ Conservation ………………………………………………………………… 20 Chapter 4: The State of Use and Sustainable Management of Forest Genetic Resources …………………………………………………… 21 4.1 Annual Quantity of Seed Transferred Internationally ………………………………………………………………… 21 4.2 Species which are Presently Subject to Tree Improvement Programmes …………………………………………….. 21 4.3 Main Tree Improvement Objectives …………………………………………………………………………………….. 21 4.4 Data for each Species …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 21 4.5 Information System Established on Tree Breeding ……………………………………………………………………. 22 4.6 Species of which Quantities of Improved Seed Available on Request ………………………………………………. 22 Chapter 5: The State of National Programmes, Research Education, Training and Legislation ……………………………………………. 23 5.1 National Forest Programme on Forest Genetic Resources ……………………………………………………………. 23 5.2 Institutions Actively Engaged in Conservation and Sustainable Forest Genetic Resources …………………………... 23 5.3 National coordination Mechanism for Forest Genetic Resources …………………………………………………….. 23 5.4 Structure and Main Functions …………………………………………………………………………………………... 24 5.5 Trends in Support for Forest Genetic Resources ……………………………………………………………………… 24 5.6 Budget Allocated to Forest Genetics Resources Research ……………………………………………………………. 24 5.7 Courses and Universities and Forest Genetic Resources Explicitly Covered ………………………………………… 24 5.8 Needs and Priorities for Research, Education & Training to Support the Conservation & Sustainable Use of FGR .. 25 5.9 Legislations or Regulations that are Relevant to FGR ………………………………………………………………….. 25 5.10 Legal Framework for FGR Strategies, Plans and Strategies …………………………………………………………… 25 5.11 Needs for Developing or Strengthening FGR ………………………………………………………………………….. 25 5.12 Needs Necessary for Greater Viability for FGR ………………………………………………………………………. 26 5.13 Specific Awareness Programmes Developed for FGR………………………………………………………………… 26 5.14 Needs and Priorities for Raising Awareness of FGR Issues …………………………………………………………... 26 Chapter 6: The State of Regional and International Collaborations ………………………………………………………………………….. 27 6.1 Regional, Sub-regional FGR Issues or Thematic Networks …………………………………………………………... 27 6.2 Needs and Priorities to Develop or Strengthen International Networks for FGR ……………………………………. 27 6.3 International/Regional Programmes for FGR …………………………………………………………………………... 27 6.4 Agencies and Main Results of the Programme ………………………………………………………………………… 27 6.5 International Financial Support to FGR ………………………………………………………………………………... 27 6.6 Needs and Priorities for Future International Collaboration …………………………………………………………... 28 2 State of the Forest Genetic Resources in Fiji _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.7 International Agreements on FGR ……………………………………………………………………………………… 29 6.8 Impact of these Agreements on FGR …………………………………………………………………………………... 29 6.9 Impact of any International Convention on FGR ……………………………………………………………………… 29 6.10 Current International Collaboration ……………………………………………………………………………………. 29 6.11 Regional, Sub-regional, Forest Genetic Resources-based or Thematic Networks for Forest Genetic Resources……….. 30 6.12 Needs and Priorities for Future International Collaboration ………………………………………………………….. 30 Chapter 7: Access to FGR and Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Use ………………………………………………………………… 31 7.1 Regulations with Respect to Access and Benefit Sharing of FGR ……………………………………………………. 31 7.2 Legislations that Limit Access and Movement of FGR ………………………………………………………………… 31 7.3 Improve Access …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 31 7.4 Mechanisms for Recognizing IPR Related to FGR ……………………………………………………………………. 31 7.5 Mechanisms of Sharing Benefits Arising out of the Use of FGR ……………………………………………………... 31 Chapter 8: Contribution of FGR to Food Security and Poverty Alleviation ………………………………………………………………… 32 Table 1: Forest characteristics and areas (FRA) ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8 Table 2: Priority forest tree species in Fiji …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10 Table 3: Forest species for which genetic variability has been evaluated …………………………………………………………………… 13 Table 4: For in-situ and ex-situ gene conservation …………………………………………………………………………………………… 14 Table 5: Nature and forest reserves ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 16 Table 6: In-situ conservation programme ……………………………………………………………………………………………………... 17 Table 7: Target forest species included within in-situ conservation programmes/units ……………………………………………….……. 17 Table 8: Ex-situ conservation ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 20 Table 9: Seed and vegetative propagules transferred internationally per annum (average of the last five years) …………………….…… 21 Table 10: Forest tree improvement programme ………………………………………………………………………………………….……. 21 Table 11: Tree improvement trials ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….. 21 Table 12: Seed orchards ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 22 Table 13: Type of reproductive material available ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 22 Table 14: Needs for developing FGR legislation …………………………………………………………………………………..….……… 25 Table 15: Awareness raising needs ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……. 26 Table 16: Needs for internation collaboration and networking ………………………………………………………………………….……
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