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The Ukrainian Weekly 1984, No.35

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The Ukrainian Weekly 1984, No.35 www.ukrweekly.com Published by thfl Ukrainian National Association Inc.. a fraternal non-profit association| rainlan WeeHv Vol. Lll No. 35 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 26, 1984 ^Spnts In Afghanistan Former UPA regional leader faces new labor-camp term A very familiar war JERSEY CITY, N.J. - Vasyl Pid- 1982 he was arrested and sentenced to This is (he second in a series of planned, but it is still following the horodetsky, a regional leader of the one year in a labor camp for violating articles by Mr. Leshuk, who recently same course as other wars of resis­ Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) who passport violations under Article 196 of spent time in Pakistan and Afgha­ tance against the Soviets. There is spent over 30 years in Soviet labor the Ukrainian Criminal Code. Released nistan. The author's observations do only one major difference between camps, was re-arrested in the spring and at the end of 1983, he returned to not necessarily reflect those of the this one and the ones of the past; this could face an additional two-year Krushelnytsia and was re-arrested in newspaper. one isn't over yet, so there still might sentence, according to information March. be a chance to substitute a surprise provided by USSR News Brief in There have been reports that the trial by Leonard Leshuk ending for the one the Soviets have Munich. has already taken place, but the results come to expect in such wars. Mr. Pidhorodetsky, now 59, was are not known. If convicted, Mr. Pid­ In a remote valley, by a spring-fed It has been said that those who do believed to have been released earlier horodetsky may be sentenced to brook, a tent is pitched beneath a not remember the past are doomed to this year after serving a one-year term two years in a labor camp. stand of trees. Nearby a horse grazes, repeat it. The Soviets search for for alleged passport violations. It now Mr. Pidhorodetsky was first arrested tethered in the sh^ows. A machine situations similar to those they have appears that he was arrested shortly in 1951 for his activities with the UPA. gun in front of the tent stands guard exploited in the past, and count on after his release and charged with the Charged under the old Article 58 of the over this otherwise peaceful scene, as the poor memory of the world to same offense. RSFSR Criminal Code ("betrayal of in the distance the sound of a Soviet allow them to repeat their aggres­ Mr. Pidhorodetsky's passport the motherland"), he was sentenced to reconnaissance plane can be heard sions and atrocities time and time troubles apparently began in 1981 when 25 years in a labor camp, the maximum droning on above the silent land­ again. For those of us who have he was released from a Perm labor camp term, and shipped to a labor camp near scape. 1 nside the tent, men clean their experienced or made the effort to after serving a total of 30 years for his Taishet in the remote regions of southern captured Soviet weapons, tend minor learn the past actions of the Soviets, activities with the UPA, which fought Siberia. wounds and ailments, drink tea, play the events in Afghanistan contain both Soviet and Nazi forces in Ukraine There, in 1955, Mr. Pidhorodetsky cards and pass the time until the next few, if aiiy, surprises. The Soviets during World War II aiid which was one of the organizeis and leaders of battle in their fifth year of anti-Soviet selected a country of potential value continued a guerrilla war against com­ a massive hunger strike staged by the resistance. It is easy to imagine this (in this case, strategic value) with a bined communist forces until the mid- inmates to protest inhuman treatment, scene taking place in Eastern Europe population which was sufficiently 1950s. torture and indiscriminate executions. in the 1940s, but the aridness of the independent-minded that there was For his role in the Taishet rebellion, surrounding countryside, the design and is a large degree of factionalism. After completing his sentence, Mr. Pidhorodetsky moved in with his Mr. Pidhorodetsky was given an addi­ of the Kalashnikov rifles, and the The Soviets couiMed on the fact that tional 15-year term. During the investi­ Pushtc language being spoken, iden­ the people and their leaders have brother Ivan in the settlement of Kru- shelnytsia in the Lviv region of western gation, authorities decided to reduce his tify it as Afghanistan 1984. moral and ethical values, so that previous sentence to 15 years, leaving while the factions might disagree Ukraine. However, authorities refused Tlie similarities between the war in to grant him a residence permit, and in his final term 30 years' in labor camp. Afghanistan today, and the resis­ violently at times, none is so immoral tance to the Soviets in Eastern and ruthless as to adopt the Soviet Europe in years past does not end style taptics of concentrating on here in this valley. The similarities wiping its rivals out to emerge vic­ Marchenko is badly beaten extend throughout the whole con­ torious. But at the same time, they flict, not only in the military aspects, are not able to form a totally united but in the social and political areas as movement against the Soviets. in Siberian prison camp well. The Soviets have planned it that By taking control of the main cities MUNICH - Soviet political pri­ way. They have a prearranged script and the transportation links, the soner Anatoly Marchenko was recently for such wars, and they get better at Soviets give the impression that they badly beaten in a Perm labor camp their role each time. Perhaps Afgha­ control the country, discouraging where he has been incarcerated since nistan is taking a little longer than (Continued on page 8) 1981, reported USSR News Brief here. The 46-year-old author and human- rights activist was also deprived of his visiting privileges for the remainder of the year and through 1985. The reasons for the punishment are not known. Mr. Marchenko is currently imprisoned in labor camp No. 35, part of the huge penal complex near ihe closed city of Perm. On March 3, 1981, Mr. Marchenko was arrested and subsequently charged with "anti-Soviet agitation and propa­ ganda" under Article 70 of the RSFSR Criminal Code. The charges stemmed from several books and articles written by Mr. Marchenko and circulated in samizdat, or underground publications. After a brief trial, Mr. Marchenko was sentenced to 10 years in a labor Anatoly Marchenko camp and five years' internal exile. The sentence marked the fifth time that Mr. 1971 he was imprisoned for "anti-Soviet Marchenko was prosecuted by authori­ slander," and from 1975-79 he was put ties. In 1960, he was sentenced to six in a labor camp after being found guilty years in a labor camp for "betrayal of of evading military service. the fatherland," and two years after his Mr. Marchenko, whose wife Larysa The author (left) beside a captured Soviet Goryunov machine gun. release he was sentenced to one year for and I 1-year-old son, Pavel, live in alleged passport violations. In 1969- Moscow, is due to be released in 1996. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 26, 1984 No. 35 Amnestied Solidarity activist says Poles find it hard to get tourist visas he was threatened with re-arrest as U.S. officials worry they'll stay WARSAW - Solidarity activist Jan refused to comment on the warning. Rulewski, who was released from jail But a leader of the dissident group WARSAW - Masses of Poles strict. Moreover, because of an last week under an amnesty for political KOR, Jacek Kuron, said he and a that have flooded western embassies overload of visa applications, the prisoners, said on August 20 that Polish Solidarity militant, Andrzej Rozplo- here applying for tourist visas due to embassy has stopped considering security police had threatened him chowski, both of whom were among the the recent easing of government many appeals from those rejected. earlier that day with possible re-arrest nearly 600 prisoners who were freed travel restrictions have been rejected One factor forcing consular offi­ after he spoke publicly in a church, under the amnesty, had spoken in out of concern that many of them cials to take a tough approach here, according to Reuters. church Sunday at Podkowa Lesna near may be intending not to vacation but according to embassy officers, has The 38-year-old dissident is the first Warsaw. to work or settle in the West, report­ been the reluctance of authorities in prisoner freed under an amnesty to be Political sources said the Commu­ ed the Washington Post. the United States to deport Poles cautioned by the authorities about his nist authorities were not eager to take Each day hundreds of Poles of who have overstayed their visas. A activities. fresh action against former detainees to various ages and backgrounds line U.S. Justice Department orderissued The security police and the provin­ avoid Jeopardizing the political gains in up on the U.S. Embassy's doorstep, in January 1982 just after martial law cial prosecutor in Bydgoszcz, the the West generated by the amnesty. nervously waiting their turns. Many was instituted in Poland declared northern town where Mr. Rulewski have already waited years just to that Poles remaining past the expira­ The Warsaw daily Zycie Warsawy receive a Polish passport to go tion of their visas would not be lives, questioned the dissident and indicated the authorities' displeasure accused him of "conduct and speech abroad.
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