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UkroinianWeekENGLISH-LANGUAGE WEEKLY EDITION l V VOL. LXXXVU. No. 16. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 14,1980 25 CENTS Ymses address jubilee convocationOrganizatio n for of Ukraine of Evangelical Baptist Convention holds 35th convention in Lehighton countries for their religious beliefs in LEHIGHTON, Pa. - The Organi­ addresses delivered at the 35th jubilee zation for the Rebirth of Ukraine held meeting of the Ukrainian Evangelical its 35th convention during the Labor Baptist Convention in the United Day weekend, August 30 through States. September 1, at the Ukrainian Home­ The convention was held at the stead here, and convention delegates Ukrainian Baptist Church in Chicago elected Dr. Bohdan Shebunchak presi­ on Augus' 29 through September 1. dent of the organization. Pastor Georgi Vins, secretary abroad The Ukrainian Gold Cross, the Uk­ for the Council of Evangelical Baptist rainian Liberation Fund, the "Zarevo" Churches of the USSR, told convention academic organization, the Youth of delegates that Christians of the free Ukrainian Nationality (MUN), and the world must appeal for an end to Soviet Association of Veterans of the Ukrainian repression of the faithful to govern­ Resistance — groups affiliated with the ments throughout the world, including Organization for the Rebirth of Uk­ that of the USSR. О raine (ODVU) — also held meetings The Baptist leader's mother Lydia during the holiday weekend. addressed members of Ukrainian Bap­ tist sisterhoods; iris daughter Zhenia Dr. Bohdan H natiuk, president Of the addressed the Baptist youths in atten- ODVU executive board,- opened the-- dence at the convention; and son Petro, convention, welcoming delegates and a member of the Kiev-based Ukrainian guests. The organization's deceased Public Group to Promote Implementa­ members were then honored with a moment of silence. tion of the Helsinki Accords, met with Dr. Bohdan Shebunchak the youths. Serving on the convention presidium were: Dr. Petro Stercho, chairman, Among the resolutions adopted by chapel director, R. Krupka, M. Nych, Yaroslav Varyboda and M. Seredo- CHICAGO - Members of the Vins convention delegates were: an expres­ P. Voitovych, S. Bily, O. Sukhoversky. vych, assistant chairmen, P. Baybakand family urged Christians in the free sion of greetings and support addres­ auditing committee; M. Seredovych, A; Y. Stasyk, secretaries. world to pray for persons imprisoned sed to all Christians-imprisoned and Kopystiansky, P. Gengalo, L. Weremi- enko, E. Hutovych, members of the and repressed in Soviet-dominated | (Continued on page 4) Dr. Stercho convened the business segment of the convention after ex­ organizational tribunal. tending special greetings to: Mykola On Sunday, Divine Liturgy was Plawiuk, president of the World Con­ celebrated by Archbishop-coadjutor Lemko Housing Corp. receives gress of Free Ukrainians (WCFU); Z. Myroslav Lubachivsky at St. Andrey`s Horodysky and Stephen Kuropas, Chapel. The local church choir sang Ф4.7 million HUD grant leaders of the Ukrainian nationalist under the direction of Wasyl Pisar. movement; Dr. Maria Kwitkowsky, That evening, a banquet was held head of the Ukrainian Gold Cross and with representatives of numerous Uk­ BALTIMORE - The Lemko Hous­ Among the representatives of both Dr. Mary Beck, former president of the rainian social, political and scholarly ing Corporation, organized herein 1977 the federal and local government who Detroit City Council. organizations in attendance. Represen- to secure necessary housing for the came to tour the site were: Assistant After accepting the agenda, members ing the UNA was its Supreme President, elderly, received a grant of over S4.7 Secretary for Housing at the Federal were elected to the following convention John O. Flis. million from the Department of Hous­ Housing Commission Lawrence B. committees: verifications, nominating, ing and Urban Development last week. Simons; Sens. Charles Mathias and During the banquet,greetings, either organizational, financial, resolutions, extended in person or read, came from A key figure in the undertaking was Paul Sarbanes; Rep. Barbara Mikulski; and requests and complaints. the Rev. Ivan Domic, pastor of St. Baltimore Mayor Donald Schaeffer; Church dignitaries, various Ukrainian Michael's Ukrainian Catholic Church the local manager for HUD, Thomas Reports were then given by the and non-Ukrainian organizations, and in Baltimore and president of the board Hobbs; as well as representatives of outgoing officers of the executive board American politicians. of directors of the corporation. local groups. as well as from: the Chicago-based publishing association Independent The concert program included recita­ The other members of the board of The Lemko Housing Corporation's tions by Volodymyra Kavka and a directors are: Paul Fenchak, Steven proposal was given priority considera­ Ukraine; the administration of the Ukrainian Homestead; and the organi­ violin duet by P. Prus and Olha Mud- Basarab, Dr. Mykola Lasijczuk, Dr. tion from among the 15 other groups ryk-Konopelsky. applying for the grant, said the Rev. zational tribunal and auditing commit­ Steven Toms, Oleksander W. Traska, The works of artist Bohdan Bozem- Joseph Marmash, Lida Markowska, Domic. tee. After discussion of the reports, the The complex will consist of 110 units. outgoing executive board was given sky were on exhibit during the conven­ Zonia N. McCoy, Michael Hecner and tion in one of the conference halls. Wasyl Palijczuk. The actual design of the project is still in a unanimous vote of confidence. the development stage. Convention delegates then elected a The Ukrainian Liberation Fund The corporation set as its goal the Among the services to be made new executive board for a two-year conference was convened on Sunday, securing of housing for the elderly in the available at the complex are: one floor term. (Continued on page 13) southeast section of Baltimore, a pre­ set aside for congregate housing, i.e. a Newly elected officers, in addition to dominantly Slavic area made up mostly semi-nursing floor with facilities for Dr. Shebunchak, are: Dr. Stercho, vice of Ukrainian, Polish, ifiech and Rus­ people not sufficiently fit to take care of president; B. Procyk, vice president; P. sian residents. The neighborhood had themselves, providing such services as Baybak, secretary; M. Belendiuk, finan­ INSIDE: no housing for the elderly; and none meal preparation, laundry, etc.; doc­ cial chairman; Dr. Natalia Pazuniak, Ш Svyatoslav Karavansky on the which would provide bilingual services. tors' and dentists' offices, as well as a cultural chairman; M. Andreiko, trea­ Polovchak case - page 7. Each year since 1978, the corporation pharmacy on the premises; a non- surer; R. Shramenko, organizer; Y. Ш Dr. Roman Solchanyk's report has applied for the HUD grant. In 1978, denominational chapel; a small market Soltys, social and welfare chairman; B. on trade unions in Ukraine — page 7. everyone in the community was or­ area; two mini-buses for shopping, Zuliak, economics chairman; B.Jaciw, Ш The 15th Canada's National ganized in support of Lemko Housing. theater-going and other trips; a daily publications; B. Petrina, youth affairs Ukrainian Festival - story on page program of recreational, social and chairman; Y. Stasyk and D. Furmanets, Last year, the group again submitted its 5, photos in centerfold. proposal for review. cultural programs. special assignment directors; S. Seleshko, THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1980 No. 16. Madrid Conference preparatory session opens Gen. Grigorenko tours Norway MADRID — The preparatory ses­ to steer the conference toward discus­ NEW YORK - Gen. Petro Grigo­ If the Soviet Union along with its sion of the Conference on Security and sions dealing with the Soviet invasion of renko, chairman of the External Repre­ allies, the Warsaw Pact countries, does Cooperation in Europe, centered on the Afghanistan, the curtailment of human sentation of the Ukrainian Helsinki not meet these demands, then the West issues of human rights and detente, got rights in Eastern Europe and the Jam­ Group arrived in Oslo on August 20 at should declare the Helsinki Accords under way here September 9 with a plea ming of radio broadcasts. the invitation of the Norwegian Com­ null and void, according to Gen. Grigo­ by Spain's new foreign minister, Jose The United States and its Atlantic mittee "August 21" to take part, as the renko. Pedreo Perez-Llorca, to recapture "the allies have made it clear that in the first main speakerjn apublic demonstration "On August 21, 1968, Soviet troops spirit of Helsinki," where the firstsuc h period after November 11 they intend to marking the 12th anniversary of the occupied Czecho-Slovakia; today a conference was helcf, reported the raise the issue of Soviet compliance with Soviet invasion of Czecho-Slovakia, similar threat hangsover Poland, but we September 10 issue of The New York the human rights provisions and related reported the press service of the Ukrai­ must prevent this from coming to pass" Times. matters incorporated in the Helsinki nian Supreme Liberation Council (ab­ the general said. "Poland, Ukraine, Despite Mr. Perez-Llorca's appeal, pact. road). Byelorussia, the Baltic countries and delegates from the 35 countries that According to the Times, the appa­ During his stay in Oslo, Gen. Grigo­ the other nations under Soviet rule do signed the Helsinki Final Act in 1975 rently peaceful resolution of the politi­ renko met with notable Norwegian not want to live in slavery; they have face a serious East-West polarization on cal Crisis in Poland was cited by several politicians and cultural representatives, not given up their struggle for freedom many fundamental issues concerning participants in the preparatory session among them the former head of Parlia­ and this is their inalienble right. Free the planning of the agenda for the as having slightly improved the at­ ment and member of the Norwegian nations, who are the guardians of peace, conference, scheduled to begin here mosphere, badly soured by Soviet Helsinki Group, O. Leoles and the have to check the bloody hand of the November 11. intervention in Afghanistan and retalia­ president of the PEN Club, G. Fught. strangler," he said. The main task of the delegates, most tory measures taken by the United He was also a guest at the Ministry of Gen. Grigorenko expressed regret of them professional diplomats, is to States, such as the Olympic boycott and Foreign Affairs. that he could not address those present decide broadly what part of the Madrid the grain embargo. But they concede Gen. Grigorenko, along with Andrzej in Norwegian. He went on to note that Conference should be dedicated to that differences as to the direction the Yakhovich who represented the Poles, he would have liked to have spoken in review of the implementation of the talks should take will be difficult to were the main speakers at an outdoor his native language, Ukrainian, but human rightsprovision s in the Helsinki bridge. rally which was attended by approxima­ since a translator wasnot available, he had to revert to Russian. The general Accords and what part to new propo­ Although delegates predicted that the tely 3,000 persons. also took this opportunity to point out sals for advancing detente and scientific five-week preparatory session should be Gen. Grigorenko was also the main and cultural exchanges, the Times free of ideological fireworks. Max to the press that his name is not Pyotr, speaker at the August 21 evening but Petro. noted. Kampelman, a co-chairman of the concert commemorating the anniver­ The Soviets and their allies are likely American delegation, forsees two pos­ sary of the invasion of Czecho-Slova­ Gen. Grigorenko will remain in to press their contention that the main sible areas of friction with the Soviet kia. The majority of the 2,000 who Norway for a few weeks in order to part of the talks should address the Union in the preliminary meetings. attended were students. meeet with representatives of the Scan­ question of disarmament and economic dinavian Helsinki groups and with Mr. Kampelman, a Washington at- In his address. Gen. Grigorenko matters, and forestall Western attempts (Continued on page IS) organizations in defense of human sharply criticized Soviet occupation rights in Eastern Europe. He has also and acts of aggression, beginning with taken the opportunity to rest, at the Relatives' council appeals for that against Ukraine and Byelorussia invitation of his hosts in Norway, Dr. in 1918 to the 1920's and continuing up and Mrs. H. Radeyky. to our time. The general went on to imprisoned, repressed Baptists discuss the situation in Poland, com­ The local press gave front-page cove­ menting on both the economic and rage to Gen. Grigorenko's arrival and public appearances. ELKHART, Ind. - The Council of bers that the council claims are official­ political motives and demands of the Prisoners' Relatives, an organization of ly sanctioned by the Soviet hierarchy. strikers. the Evangelical Christian BaptistGhurch The petition also provides an update ' The.general, as head of the External of the Soviet Union (ECB), recently sent on the status of ECB members currently Representation of the Ukrainian Hel­ Lisovy sentenced a petition itemizing individual examples imprisoned for their beliefs, and scores sinki Group, noted that at its formation, of Soviet persecution of believers to Soviet officials for depriving many the Helsinki group in Ukraine number­ for 'parasitism' Leonid Brezhnev and other top Soviet prisoners of proper medical care, access ed II members the number grew steadily officials, according to Georgi P. Vins, to mail from relatives and visiting and today 33 members are imprisoned. " NEW YORK - Vasyl Lisovy, the 43- secretary abroad for the ECB. rights. It also cites numerous instances of In his appeal to the Norwegians, prisoner maltreatment, including physi­ year-old Ukrainian philosopher and The lengthy document, a copy of especially the young people. Gen. political activist who was arrested for cal abuse and forcing sick inmates to Grigorenko stressed the importance of which was sent to the Commission on carry heavy work loads. "parasitism" while completing his exile Human Rights at the United Nations, both individual and government invol­ term,was sentenced on July 16 to a one- includes a list of ECB ministers, prea­ Other complaints include the confis­ vement in promoting and securing year term in a strict-regime camp, chers and Church members arrested by cation of money and personal property human rights to ensure that at the according to the press service of the Soviet authorities since the beginning of by local militia during illegal house Madrid Conference the signatory na­ Ukrainian Supreme Liberation Council this year, as well as numerous examples searches, the barring of ECB members tions to the Helsinki Final Act assume; (abroad). of abuse and harassment of ECB mem- I from universities and technical schools, the obligation to act in accordance with, and punishment of Christian soldiers in the provisions therein. In November 1973, Lisovy was sen­ the Soviet army who refuse to take the tenced to seven years' imprisonment in a military oath. Gen. Grigorenko appealed for sup­ strict-regime camp and three years of port of such demands as: the release of Soviets sentence The petition concludes with a list of exile under Article 62 of the Ukrainian imprisoned members of the various Criminal Code — "anti-Soviet agitation nine demands, among them the immedi­ Helsinki groups in the USSR, amnesty ate release of S3 prisoners, the waiving and propaganda." He was due to com­ Orthodox activist and release of all political prisoners, the plete his exile term in 1982. of the military oath for Christian withdrawal of Soviet troops from MOSCOW - Aleksandr Ogorod- soldiers, an amendment to the law His latest arrest was part of the nikov, a Russian Orthodox religious Afghanistan, and the creation ^of an overall crackdown on the dissident governing religious cults, and the international body which would moni­ activist, was sentenced on September 5 formation of a government commission movement initiated by Soviet authori­ to six years at hard labor followed by tor the government's relation to public ties before the opening of the Olympic — with ECB representation — to organizations. five years of internal exile for anti- investigate instances of religious perse­ Games. Soviet agitation, according to the cution in the USSR. Associated Press. - The petition was signed by і 2 mem­ It was the stiffest sentence handed bers of the Council of Prisoners' Rela­ down by a Soviet court in a series of tives. dissident trials that have taken place СВОБОДА A SVOB0DA over the last three weeks. УімГмсмий ЩОА(ННІЬ ТДВР чия кін і IN ОЛІІУ On August 28, Father Gleb Yakunin, FOUNDED 1893 a Russian Orthodox priest, was sen­ Baltic nations Ukrainian newspaper published by the Ukrainian National Association. Inc.. at 30 Montgomery tenced to a total of 10 years' impri­ Street, Jersey City, N.J. 07302, daily except Mondays and holidays. sonment and exile. The following day, to hold rally TELEPHONES: Soviet courts also convicted Tatyana Svoboda UNA Velikanova, a publisher of an under­ NEW YORK - A Baltic Freedom (201)4344237 (201)451-2200 (201) 434-0807 ground journal. Rally will be held here at Dag Ham- from New York (212) 227-5250 Mr. Ogorodnikov, 29, was sentenced marskjold Plaza near the United Na­ from New York (212) 2274125 after a two-day trial in Kalinin, about tions at 47th Street and First Avenue on 100 miles northwest of Moscow. He Saturday, September 27, at noon. -Subscription rates for THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY S8.00 per year faced a maximum sentence of seven It is sponsored by Baltic organiza­ UNA Members S5.00 per year years' imprisonment and five years' tions of New York, New Jersey and Poitn.uMEi. send address changes to: internal exile. Connecticut and organized by the THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY Dissident sources said that Mr. September 27 Committee, j Editor: Roma Sochan Hadzewycz P.O. Box 346. Jersey City, N.J. 07303 Assistant editors: Ika Koznarska Casanova Ogorodnikov had been on a hunger The rally will mark the 40th anniver­ George Bohdan Zarycky strike to protest his jailing and had sary of the occupation and annexation decided to appeal the verdict, the by the Soviet Union of Estonia, Latvia Application to mail at second-class postage rates is pending at Jersey City. N.J. Associated Press reported. and Lithuania.

'- If'`` No. 16. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1980 Ukrainian Catholic bishops Patriarch's chancery issues communique of North America confer concerning Synod of Bishops

JERSEY CITY, N.J. - An official elected by letter or telegram. There has communique from the chancery of not yet been a reply to this matter. Patriarch Josyf Slipyj has been issued After the audience, Ptriarch Josyf regarding the Permanent Synod of the also submitted a list of other pressing Pomisna Ukrainian Catholic Church. matter that need to be resolved before The communique reports on the up­ the synod. coming Synod of Ukrainian Bishops, In the meantime, the bishops have which is to be convened, with the received the program of the upcoming blessing of Pope John Paul II, by synod which has been prepared by Patriarch Josyf. One of the primary Archbishop-coadjutor Myroslav Luba­ tasks of this synod will be the nomina­ chivsky. The plan includes a request for tion of candidates to vacated positions. any additional ideas, remarks or issues The communique was issued by which may be pertinent for discussion at telephone for sake of expediency to the the time of the synod. The majority of Svoboda press. Excerpts appear below. the bishops have already responded and have sent in their observations. These The faithful of our Church should be will now be reviewed by the regular informed about the latest developments synod. regarding preparations for the upcom­ Participants of the conference of Ukrainian bishops of North America: (seated, ing Synod of Bishops. Patriarch Josyf also suggested that three bishops of the Synod of Ukrainian from left) Archbishop Myroslav Lubachivsky, Archbishop-Metropolitan Maxim The last synod to have been convened Hermaniuk, Bishop Neil Savaryn; (standing) Auxiliary Bishop Demetrius Bishops prepare extensive reports was the Special Synod called by Pope which would furnish topics of discus­ Greschuk, Bishop Jerome Chimy, Bishop Isidore Borecky, Bishop Basil Losten, John Paul II in March at which time the Archmandrite Victor Pospishil and Msgr. William Bilinsky. sion at the synod. The suggested topis coadjutor and successor to Patriarch are: Josyf was appointed and our Church's WINNIPEG - A conference of Auxiliary Bishop Demetrius Greschuk right of convening synods was once " Vocations to the priesthood and the bishops of the "Pomisna" Ukrainian (Edmonton); Msgr. William Bilinsky, again acknowledged. These synods of upbringing of young people. Catholic Church of the United States (administrator of St. Nicholas Eparchy bishops, headed by the patriarch, can ' The role of the laity in the Church in and Canada was convened, upon the in Chicago) and Archmandrite Dr. be convened by him, with the pope's light of traditions and principles. proposal of Patriarch Josyf Slipyj, by Victor Pospishil (Philadelphia Epar­ approval, when deemed expedient. 4 Archbishop-Metropolitan Maxim Her­ chy). Preparations for the commemora­ maniuk, of Canada, here on Spetember Taking part in the discussions in the Given the number of pressing issues tion of the millenium of Christianity in 3-4. capacity of specialists were: the Rev. which have to be dealt with by the Ukraine. Attending the conference were: Arch­ Drs. Alexander Baran (Winnipeg), and Church at this time, we must elect an To start preparations for the synod, a bishop-coadjutor Myroslav Lubachiv­ Roman Danylak (Toronto). The Rev. archbishop-metropolitan of Philadel­ meeting of the bishops of both the sky, the apostolic administrator of the Drs. Petro Kachur (Edmonton) and phia and a bishop of Chicago. United States and Canada was held on Philadelphia Eparchy, and Bishops Neil Wasyl Wawryk (Stamford) had their September 2-4 in Winnipeg. Talks were N. Savaryn (Edmonton), Isidore Bo­ lectures forwarded to the conference. To see to it that responsible indivi­ held on the most pressing issues, parti­ recky (Toronto), Andrew Roborecki The conference was chaired by Met­ duals are in charge of the necessary cularly, the nomination of candidates (Saskatoon), Basil Losten (Stamford), ropolitan Hermaniuk and Archbishop preparations Patriarch Josyf, in accor­ for bishops. Jerome Chimy (New Westminster), (Continued on page II) dance with ecumenical law, has taken steps to ensure the formation of a The exact date of the synod has not regular synod which would be compos­ yet been determined. Upon completion Freedom House releases yearbooked o f five members. Besides the patri­ of the preparatory stages. Patriarch arch, there would be two bishops Josyf will submit the proposed prog­ on freedom throughout the worldchose n on the basis of seniority, one ram to the pope for approval, at which bishop appointed by the patriach and time the date will be made known. NEW YORK - Freedom House, the example in Ukraine or Lithuania)," one bishop elected by all the bishops. ,!watch-do g organization which moni­ notes the survey. The communique concludes with an tors the status of political rights and In the sphere of civil liberties, the In a private audience with the pope appeal to the faithful, calling for com­ civil liberties around the globe, recently book adduces several examples to on June 26, Patriarch Josyf informed posure as well as asking for prayers and published its third yearbook which justify the Soviet Union's poor rating, the pontiff of his intentions to form a help to ensure that the upcoming synod focuses on the level of these rights in among them censorship of the press, the regular synod in preparation for the is a step in the direction of forging unity each nation. Titled "Freedom in the jailing of political dissenters, travel Synod of Bishops. He also requested within the Church as well as promoting World: 1980," the book, edited by restrictions and the absence of free trade that the member of the regular synod the Church's work both in Ukraine and Raymond D. Gastil, includes a compa­ unions. who is to be elected by all the bishops, be abroad. rative survey of freedom, which sum­ "Since the Bolshevik Revolution marizes political and civil rights in every there has never been an acquittal in a country, and rates the status of these political trial," the book observes, Ukrainian journalist traveled rights in each country on a scale of one adding that "insofar as private rights, to seven — one being the highest such as those to religion, education or ranking, and seven the lowest. choice of occupation, exist, they are de with Afgan rebel squad facto rights that may be denied at any Describing the Soviet Union as a of the London Sunday Telegraph. "complex ethnic state with major ter­ time." JERSEY CITY, N.J. - Askold Mr. Krushelnytsky, who was an ritorial subnationalities, (non-Rus­ The book also includes a study of Krushelnytsky, a Ukrainian journalist sians)" the book characterizes the international trade-union freedom, from Great Britain, recently spent 10 active member of SUM, is co-editor of USSR as "not free" with a political which includes a series of tables and days with a unit of Afghan rebels, and the Ukrainian Review, an English- rights rating of six and a civil liberties charts to measure and analyze the was allowed to observe a raid by the language publication of the Associa­ rating also of six. comparative level of workers' rights insurgents across the Pakistani border tion of Ukrainians in Great Britian. from country to country. into Soviet-occupied territory near the Touching on the issue of Russifica- city of Jalalabad, according to a story in Shliakh Peremohy also reported that tion and subnationality autonomy, the Although the study itself focuses on in the capital city of Kabul, where the status and character of trade unions the August 31 issue of Shliakh Реге– survey concludes that "the Soviet Union mohy (The Way to Victory). resistance to the Soviet occupying is in theory elaborately divided into . in Latin America, it briefly refers to the forces-continues despite brutal tactics subnational units, but in fact the all- level of workers' freedom in the Soviet Dressed in local Afghan garb and employed by the regime to repress it, embracing party structure renders local Union and Eastern Europe! accompanied by three armed guards, youths continue to distribute leaflets in power minimal." "Efforts to create free trade unions in Mr. Krushelnytsky witnessed the des­ Ukrainian and Russian printed in the "Most groups are territorial, with a Rumania and the USSR over the past truction of a Soviet tank by the rebels. West by SUM and the Anti-Bolshevik developed sense of subnational indenti- two years have' been snuffed out by Bloc of Nations (ABN) which urge ty," the book continues, adding that arrests and deportations, just as de­ While with the.partisan unit, Mr. Soviet soldiers, particularly those from "the political rights of all these to self- mands for free unions were supressed in Krushelnytsky had an opportunity to the enslaved nations within the USSR, determination, either within the USSR Hungary in 19S6, Czech-Slovakia in speak with many of the rebels and to refuse to fight against the Afghan or through secession, is effectively 1968, and Poland in 1956, 1970 and Afghan refugees, and conducted an : - resistance. -. 4.'- . ," denied." - `-`v-– " ' 1976," the report notes. . interview with one of. the. rebel unit 'ifc: The analysis also points out that The yearbook also contains a major leaders, a 21-year-old who called him­ Moreover, the story asserts that independence' movements forenhanced section on freedom of the press, in­ self Mahmud and said he commanded Soviet soldiers are joining the ranks of self-determination have existed in cluding a table showing news-media 500 men. The interview was broadcast the rebels and use their knowledge of varying -degrees since the inception of control in respective countries, and a on radio by the British Broadcasting the Russina language to intercept and the Soviet Union. proposal for a new international basis Corporation. Mr. Krushelnytsky's translate Soviet army radio communi­ "Several of the movements.have been for human-rights actions by the free report on his stay with the Afghan cations, thereby informing the partisans quite strong since World War II (for world. rebels appeared in the August 17 issue of Soviet troop movements. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY. SEPTEMBER 14, 1980 No. 16. Slavic convention held ІП Baltimore HURI hosts Japanese scholar Michael Novak elected president CAMBRIDGE, Mass. - Harvard 1920, A Study on the Ukrainian Peas­ Ukrainian Research Institute, in keep­ ants." Subsequently he published a BALTIMORE - The current status officers were murdered by the Soviets; Dr. ing with its tradition of attracting number of articles in Japanese dealing and future development of Slavic groups Alfred Kutzik of Johns Hopkins Uni­ scholars with diverse national and with Ukrainian history. Having exhaus­ in the United States, the holocausts of versity, who cited numerous examples academic backgrounds, has welcomed ted Ucrainica available in Japan and Slavic peoples, as well as Slavs and the of what he considered slanderous ac­ Kazuo Nakai, a Fulbright scholar from seeking advisors specializing in Ukrai­ international human rights movement, counts of the situation of Poles and Tokyo as its newest research associate. nian studies, Mr. Nakai decided to were among the main topics discussed Ukrainians during the holocaust; and Mr. Nakai's interest in the Soviet come to HURI to further his endeavors. at the Slavic American National Con­ Robert Kaufman, whose subject was Union led him to focus on Ukraine: "As During his two-semester stay at the vention held here at the new Conven­ Nazi racism. ' -' institute Mr. Nakai plans to conduct an tion Center on August 22-24. 1 have come to think that the problem of Following the day's activities, the nationalism is one of the most impor­ intensive overview of Ukrainian lan­ Over ISO delegates representing delegates, along with 600 guests and tant and complicated factors in the guage and literature. His study of Ukrai­ Slavic communities from throughout supporters of the participating organi­ world history after World War II, I have nian history will concentrate on several the United States took part in the zations, attended the convention ban­ decided to concentrate on the Ukraini­ themes: Ukrainian socialism from proceedings. Drahomanov to Skrypnyk, Agrarian quet. The keynote speaker was Michael an problems in the Soviet Union" The convention featured a number of Novak, nationally syndicated columnist peasant problems in Ukraine in the exhibits related to Slavic affairs which and Slavic activist. In 1975, he wrote his M.A. thesis: 1920s and 30s, and the Ukrainian Insur­ were prepared by, among others, the The highlight of Sunday's session was "The Revolution in the Ukraine 1917- gent Army (UPA). local Ukrainian Catholic church, the 1 the formation of the Slavic National Ukrainian Education Association, Council and the election of officers. Mr. Smoloskyp Publishers and artists Wo- Novak was elected national president, Elementary Ukrainian offered in Philadelphia lodymyra Wasiczko, Wasyl Palijchuk Paul Fenchak was named national and Orest Polishchuk. ELKINS PARK, Pa. - The Phila­ from 7 to 9 p.m. or by sending a post­ secretary and Steve Basarab was chosen delphia Center of the St. Clement card with one's name and address to the On Saturday, August 23, two work­ treasurer pro tern. shops were held, one dealing with the Ukrainian University in Rome will offer center. The Rev. Ivan Dornic, the organizer victimization of Slavic peoples by the a course in elementary Ukrainian with The center is run and operated by the of the convention, was drafted by the Nazis and the Soviets, the other with the emphasis on the development of con­ St. Sophia Religious Association of delegates to serve on the executive overall issue of human rights. versational skills, beginning October 1. Ukrainian Catholics Inc., a non-profit board and as honorary president of the Classes will be held each Wednesday organization. The organizer and chairperson of the organization. holocaust workshop was Dr. Bohdan from 7:30 to 9 p.m. at the center, Wytwycky, who discussed Nazi racism The newly formed council will consist located at 7911 Whitewood Road, toward the Slavs and the importance of . of 100 Slavic American leaders, and the Elkins Park, Pa. 19117. Public affairs center publicizing the story of the non-Jewish executive council will be composed of The course will be taught by Dr. victims of the Nazi Holocaust. 21 community and grass-roots organi­ George Perfecky of La Salle College. It protests VOA's use Also on the panel was Marco Сагуп– zations. is geared primarily toward adults who nyk, a Toronto-based author and re­ The convention closed on Sunday desire a practical knowledge of the of terminology searcher, who spoke on the topic of the with a Divine Liturgy concelebrated by Ukrainian language. WASHINGTON - In a letter to Dr. 1933 famine in Ukraine during which 6- three bishops, among them Bishop There is no tuition, only a registration Mary Bitterman, director of the Voice 7 million Ukrainian peasants perished. John Morkovsky of Texas. The Rev. fee of S35 for the entire semester. of America, Don Bohdan Wynnyczok, Other panelists included Boleslaw Ronald Pytel prepared and wrote the Additional information may be ob­ acting director of the Ukrainian- Wojewodka, who provided an overview music for the celebration, which includ­ tained by calling (215) 635-I555.Mon- American Public Affairs Center (UAP of the events surrounding the 1940 ed folk tunes of all the Slavic nationali­ day through Thursday from 9 a.m. to 2 AC) expressed "tremendous disap­ Katyn massacre in which 15,000 Polish ties. p.m. or 635-3929 Monday evenings pointment concerning the interchange­ able use of the terms "Russia" and Greetings to the participants of the law of April 7,1935, according to which "Soviet Union" during Dr. Bitterman`s Vinses address... convention were delivered by, among a 12-year-old can be tried as a criminal — interview with Paul Berry which was (Continued from page I) others. Dr. Myron Kuropas, Supreme collection of laws of the USSR, 1935, broadcast here on WJLA-XV on Au­ suffering for their faith; and a demand Vice President of the Ukrainian Nation­ No. 19,155), Walter Polovchak will be, if gust 26. that the Soviet government release all al Association. A written message was he returns, tried as a criminal and "A government official who is the prisoners of conscience. also received from Supreme President deprived of religious freedom, freedom director of an organization that is as A special resolution stressed the fact John O. Flis. to work, education, freedom of cons­ reflective of U.S. foreign policy as is the that 12-year-old Walter Polovchak, During the convention, entertain­ cience, deprived of all human rights and Voice of America should not only be could, upon being compelled to return ment was provided by various groups, he will be a marked man for life, and he accurate in her terminology, but should with his parents, be sentenced by the including a mixed choir from Philadel­ will be taken away from his parents, have been able to explain to Mr.Berry Soviets for what, in their eyes, is the phia under the direction of Ivan Koval- and the error of his constant misuse of the worst crime against the Soviet state, i.e. zetsky, a women's choir directed by Whereas, it is our moral duty and Chris­ term "Russia," wrote Mr. Wynnyczok. refusal to return to the USSR. Pastor Ivan Polischuk, a men's quartet tian responsibility to protect those whose Calling Ukraine the weak link in the Pastor Vins noted in his remarks that, from Chicago, a musical ensemble from lives are endangered and to intercede Soviet armor, the UAP AC actingdirec- if the boy was to return to the Soviet Minneapolis, soprano Ola Lysiychuk, for the oppressed. The Word of God tor went on to insist the Ukrainian Union, he would be treated as an organist Ihor Domashovetz and pianist says: "And judgement is turned away Americans and 50 million Ukrainians outcast and an undesirable. Diane Vozna. backward, and justice standeth afar; living in the Soviet Union are loathe to Petro Vins pointed out that of the 82 The full text of the Baptist conven­ and the Lord saw it, and it displeased ,be called "Russians," particularly in concentration camps in existence on the tion's resolution on the case of Walter Him that there was no man, and won­ view of their ongoing struggle against territory of Ukraine, many are specially Polovchak appears below. dered that there was no intercessor: Russia's attempt to eradicate Ukrainian designed for children age 14 and up. He Polovchak resolution therefore His arm brought salvation language, traditions and culture. unto him; and His righteousness, it said that confining children in concen­ Whereas, Walter Polovchak, the 12- tration camps is a phenomenon known sustained him" (Isaiah 59:14-16). Our year-old Ukrainian boy who came to God is the author of Liberty, He loves only in Soviet-dominated countries. the U.S.A. with his parents in January of Convention delegates elected a new children. He protects them. He wants Bishop of Toronto 1980, lived 12 years under Communist them to be saved and safe! executive board headed by Pastor John oppression in occupied Ukraine, and Berkuta, president. Whereas, his parents, influenced by Therefore be it resolved that we, elevated to archbishop The following were also elected to the the Soviet Embassy, made an unwise delegates and guests of the 35th annual executive board of the Ukrainian Evan­ TORONTO - Bishop Nicholas of decision to return to the Soviet Union, plenary assembly of the Ukrainian Toronto and eastern Canada has been gelical Baptist Convention: Pastor and , Evangelical Baptist Convention, during Volodymyr Domashovetz, vice presi­ elevated to archbishop upon the appro­ Whereas, Walter Polovcak decided its plenary session in Chicago, August val by the 16th Sobor of the Ukrainian dent; Pastor Oleksa R. Harbuziuk, not to return to Ukraine but expressed 29 - September I, 1980, appeal to the general secretary; Pastor Dmytro Ma- Orthodox Church of a decision by the his desire to stay in the United States conscience of America and its judicial Sobor of Bishops and a proposal of the rychuk, secretary; Pastor Ivan Koval- and enjoy freedom and liberty, and system not to give 12-year-old Ukraini­ chuk, assistant secretary; Pastor My- Consistory, reported The Herald (Vis- Whereas he was violently pressed and an boy Walter Polovchak for harsh nyk), a publication of the Church. khailo Yakubovych, treasurer; Pastors threatend by his father to be taken punishment of atheistic Soviet state John Piatkowski and Bohdan Shturma, which will deprive him of all freedoms In 1975, Archbishop Nicholas was against his will back to Ukraine, be­ nominated a candidate for the post of assistant treasurers; Pastors John Polis- cause the Soviet Embassy told him that and might.sentence him for his religious chuk and Dr. Mykola Brych, board convictions and love to the United bishop of Saskatoon by the 15th Sobor. he can't return without the children, He was consecrated in December of that members; Ovdiy Khrypchuk, candidate Walter Polovchak-, knowing that is States of America for many years of member. imprisonment or concentration camp. year in Toronto, thus becoming vicar awaiting him in the Soviet Union, ran bishop of the Eastern Eparchy of the The new executive board of the away from home, because he wants to Be it further resolved to appeal to all Baptist sisterhood includes: N. Vozna, Ukrainian Greek-Orthodox Church. enjoy religious freedom here, and Christians all over the world to pray lor Upon the death of Metropolitan president; P. Barchuk, vice president; Whereas there is no religious freedom Walter Polovchak, for his protection, K. Bereza, secretary; O. Domashovetz, Mykhail in May 1977, he became acting or human rights in the Soviet Union, well-being and precious freedom that he bishop of Toronto and the Eastern assistant secretary; N. Bylen, treasurer, and according to Soviet law Walter tasted in the United States, because H. Khilchenkivsky, assistant treasurer; Eparchy. This position was confirmed Polovchak committed the biggest crime "The effectual fervent prayer of a by the Special Synod of the Ukrainian A. Nedashkivsky and M. Kovalyk, - "treason to the Soviet State" not righteous man availeth much" (James board members. Greek-Orthodox Church convened in willing to return to Ukraine (see Soviet 5:16). 1978. No. 16. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 14,1980 Dauphin hosts its 15th Canada's National Ukrainian Festival by Tans Hukalo Dauphin. Man. "Vitayemo," the traditional Ukrai­ nian welcome, echoed throughout the flat prarie on the other side of the rolling mountains of Riding Mountain Natio­ nal Park July 31 to August 3 during the I5th Canada's National Ukrainian Fes­ tival . Over 6,000 responded to the invita­ tion of the children and grandchildren of those first Ukrainian settlers who arrived here in western Canada in 1896, those tough and tenacious men and women who did so much to open up the West. The festival visitors arrived from far- off places — from Germany, France, the Netherlands, even Australia, from most parts of the United States and from all provinces of Canada. They jammed camp grounds, motels, pri­ vate and farm homes, and even the high school was used to house the out-of- town performers. Dauphin was full, as it is every year, and it seemed to extend itself beyond its own town limits for a radius of 30 miles. For the 15th consecutive time, Ukrai­ nians — and those who wished they were — came to sing Ukrainian, dance Ukrainian, to take in Ukrainian art and Two members of the Zirka Ukrainian Dance Ensemble (holding korovais) posed for this photo with (from left) singer Ed food and to simply have a whale of good Evanko, Miss Folklorama 1980 Petrusia Schur, Barbara and Julian Koziak (hospodynia and hospodar) Minister of State for Ukrainian time. They came by regional Multiculturalism Jim Fleming and festival president John Potoski. carriers such as Nordair, via rail and Ukraine," some 180 miles northwest of Thursday morning's (August 31)9:30 "The richness of the color, design and Greygoose bus; some chartered buses Winnipeg, where one falls into the arms a.m. opening at the mall set the festival ornamentation of the Ukrainian cos­ and planes, but most came by car and of two Ukrainian churches on both in motion. The events unfurled progres­ tume and vast varieties of head dresses camper-trailer. sides of the main highway leading into sively with the opening of the Fine Arts are unsurpassed, but they must be Those from outside the country took town. As if placed there intentionally, Centere, where the major theme this totally color-coordinated," stressed Ms. advantage of the favorable currency- they conjure up one's visions of two year was Ukrainian costume and dress. Pelech, a retired school teacher who now exchange rate (85 cents American for SI proud Kozaks guarding the entrance "Our costumes are all very beautiful assists her daughter in instructing Canadian) to do some shopping for into town, beckoning you on lo feast and as varied as the regions of the traditional Ukrainian weaving courses woolen goods and furs, but the best yourself on the mystique of the past, country," said Nell Hrytsak of the at The Banff School of Fine Art. bargain of all was the low-priced gaso­ partake in the vitality and spirit of the Oakburn Museum Association. In this Just as important as the tradition of line — a 40-cent saving for the Ameri­ present, and perhaps even catch a exhibit " our costumes are from five Ukrainian dress is the tradition of the cans; for the Europeans, between SI.50 glimpse of the future. regions of Ukraine — Bukovina, distinctive ritual breads used at the and S2.50. Poltava, Stanislav, Horodenko and the multiple functions of Ukrainians. Anna This gave many of them an opportu­ Once inside the town, we were greeted Hutzul region," Ms. Hrytsak added. Gashema, who become famous in previ­ nity to trace the steps and get a glimpse by Ukrainian music piped in along the "I started a new project last year that ous years for her breads baked in clay of the land walked upon by the first street and two old-timers born in will probably take me 10 years to ovens, decided to conduct a ritual bread Ukrainian settlers on the way to their Canada some 80 years ago. Sons of the finish," she noted. "It's map where I will workshop and teach the intricacies of settlements 84 years ago. Instead of first settlers of Rossburn, some 60 miles paste the varied samples of embroidered baking the Easter paska, and the festival encountering the impenetrable forests from here, they are still farming their cloth representing the villages from all decided to hold a contest in ritual bread. and wilderness which confronted the lands and looking strong and healthy. regions of Ukraine. As you can see, I've "We're looking for shape, general pioneers, however, visitors drove They reminisced about their town's already collected seven samples, and appearance and dough ornamentation through some of the 10 million acres of invitation to the first festival in 1966 there could be a hundred more." op the paska and babka," explained virgin soil brought under cultivation in when it was still a two-day event. Complementing the Oakburn exhibit Margaret Pestrak. "On kolach and the West by Ukrainians, one of Cana­ was Fiona Pelech's slide show display­ korovai, evenly shaped twisting is da's founding groups. Wherever they "About 20 of us decided to enter a float ing costumes in which the same color important." And so another contest was looked, visitors saw images reminiscent showing the simple and primitive tools scheme was carried throughout the added to the long list of contests at this of Ukraine: limitless steppes, miles used to clear the land, harvest our crops skirt, embroidery and head dress. festival. upon miles of sunflowers, section upon and build our homes," said Vasyl section of "the first Ukrainian immi­ Sheremeta. "If somebody told me this тзгш grant"— wheat (Ukrainian wheat pro­ festival would last 15 years, I would ceeded the Ukrainian fanner to Canada never have believed him," he continued. Grandstand show was "fantastic and made settlement of the West pos­ "I didn't even think it would last two П sible), acres of barley, flax and kasha — years." "Fantastic," "best grandstand show shyn, who has done this task effecti­ all grown on soils familiar to the early "Neither did I," said Hryhorij Boy- ever" were some of the comments of vely for 12 of the past 15 festivals. Ukrainian farmers, "chornozem" and visitors to Canada's National Ukrai­ "My job becomes easier with each "podzol" or "Podillia." chuck. "I didn't want our hard work and suffering of the past to be forgotten, so I nian Festival. The grandstand shows year, because I know the entertainers started a museum in front of my house, are certainly the highlight of the personally, we're very muchafamily," built a miniature Ukrainian homestead festival. Mr. Semchyshynnoted. "I'd say this For more photos of the festival, see Crowds equal to last year's ap­ was the best show ever, it's a perfect centerfold. — complete with a woven birch fence, khatas with thatched roofs, a well, tools plauded enthusiastically as singers, mix of the best over the years." from our float in Dauphin - and this dancers, musicians, comedians and Joan Karasevich put in her fourth Pleasant surprises are continual with­ year I added a church with a bell tower." others performed in high style. appearance at the festival with a in this boundless yellow-and-blue-hued "All four performances, afternoon new repertoire of modern as well as scene of ripening fields and clear skies. "Drop by and see the museum. and evening on Friday and Saturday, traditional Ukrainian songs which In the distance of the flat prairie Everybody is invited, and at the same were composed of the same perfor­ she sang in both English and Ukrai­ horizons, one may see the onion domes time you can see Mykhailo Swystun`s mers, with the evening programs nian, while her daughters Joanna, 7, of the Ukrainian churches that kept place. It's in Olha, only about 10 miles being longer and more varied, some­ and Reena, 11, who are fifth-genera­ popping out of the settlements of from us," Mr. Boychuck added. "The times two and a half hours long, with tion Canadians, sang all their songs Petlura, Sich, Olha, Horod, Kulish, government of Manitoba has bought no intermission — and still the in Ukrainian. Zorya, Halich. Those who religiously his farm and is going to make it a audience does not get enough," said "It's not often that a 7-year-old followed the steps were well rewarded historic site," he added. "He (Swystun) Ted Komar, producer and musical gets to celebrate her birthday by with a look into the past and had a peek died July 19 in the hospital across the director who has been with the singing in front of several thousand at those still-standing, picturesque old street from my house. He loved playing festival since its beginnings. people," said Joan after Joanna was "khatas" (homes) with long thatched the tsymbaly with his son at the festival The master of ceremonies, as presented with a birthday cake on roofs of straw. every year. It's too bad they brought out usual, was the big man with the big stage at the last performance Satur­ The culmination of the trek into the film 'Strongest Man in the World`so bass voice, Cecil (Yaroslav) Semchy- day night. history was the approach to "Canada's late in his life." THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1980 No. 16.

Book review СІОЇОАА^,ХУОВОид П 1 roinion Weekly Kaczurowsky's book has makings of bestseller Ш Igor Kaczurowsky. "Because Deserters Are Immortal." Translated by Yuri Tkach. Doncaster, Australia: Bayda. 1979. 141 pp. S4.9S. by Marts Tamawsky Ukrainian Free University in Munich), A fall from grace Dr. Kaczurowsky is also a literary The review below by Maria Tamaw­ scholar and has written a number of sky of the University of Pennsylvania critical and theoretical works, including In this space on May 18, we chided Soviet gymnast Olga Korbut, ріхіе– appeared previously in the Summer two published treatises on poetics and cum-political analyst, for her remarks aimed at undermining the Olympic 1980 issue of World Literature Today, a on the short story and an unpublished boycott movement. Dismissing American concerns about the invasion of literary quarterly of the University of dissertation on the cultural ties between Afghanistan and flagrant Soviet violations of human rights, Miss Korbut Oklahoma. scolded American athletes for going along with President Jimmy Carter's the old Slavonic and Indo-Iranian decision and urged American competitors to come to Moscow and "learn the Making a deserter into a hero is not a religions. truth" about Soviet life. revolutionary idea in modern literature. Dr. Kaczurowsky's three novels, Ernest Hemingway and others have however - "Shliakh nevidomoho" Noting the irony inherent in her words, we concluded that Miss Korbut done it with success — to the delight of (1966), "Zaliznyi кигкиГ (1959) and (and all Soviet athletes), coddled and pampered by the state, was - despite millions. The hero of Igor Kaczurow­ "Dim nad krucheiu"(I966) — areamong her privileged existence - a victim of Soviet exploitation; that after her sky's novel is in turn a draft dodger, a the best books of post-World War II usefulness as a shining exponent of the socialist system was exhausted, she deserter, a prisoner of war, a fugutive. Ukrainian emigre fiction and may be, in would be thrust out of the limelight and into obscurity. This was "the truth" The action takes place in 1941 during the the final analysis, the author's most im­ that she could not or would not see. Soviet-German war on the territory of portant literary achievement. Russia and Ukraine. "Shliakh nevidomoho" (translated Today we learn that Olga Korbut`s gilded cage has become a virtual The hero, a young Ukrainian, finds here as "Because Deserters Are Immor­ prison. She is no longer the sprightly ingenue who won the hearts of millions himself caught between the forces in tal," is a little masterpiece. Dr. Kaczu­ during the 1972 Munich Olympics. She is married and the mother of a1 '/4-year- conflict — the Soviet army in retreat, rowsky's prose is lucid, vivid and old child. Her husband, a rock musician in the Soviet Union, is currently the invading Germans, then the Soviet economical; its tone is one of ironic unemployed. partisans. To the hero, all three are life- defiance without pathos or sentimenta­ Moreover, the former Olympic champion can no longer work at what threatening enemies. It is a tragic tale of lity. Each chapter is composed around a she does best - gymnastics. Given the monolithic economic structure of the man's inhumanity to man, of senseless built-in dramatic tension and can stand Communist system, the virtues of which Miss Korbut once extolled, there is suffering, of alienation, and it can be as an autonomous short story. little demand for fallen superstars and few opportunities for freelance interpreted on a symbolic level as man's The author's sense of humor as well gymnasts, particularly one with an entrepreneur's instincts. struggle for survival in a hostile and as his sense of drama, his humanistic heartless world. philosophy coupled with keen observa­ Wishing to capitalize on her natural talents and her worldwide appeal, Kaczurowsky, however, is at heart an tions of life and human behavior are all Miss Korbut, after reading about the lucrative careers of other former old-fashioned humanist: he views huma­ likely to. appeal to a wide circle of Olympic champions such as Dorothy Hamill, Bruce Jenner and John Curry, nity with humorous compassion; he readers. prepared an itinerary of gymnastics exhibitions in the West through which treats evil with an ironic detachment; he Bayda Books deserves the credit for she hoped to earn money. succeeds in finding warm shelters of having "discovered" Dr. Kaczurowsky human decency on his hero's solitary for the English-speaking world. The But Soviet authorities, representatives of a regime Miss Korbut claimed translation, however, is unimaginative, was so falsely maligned, said "nyet." Perhaps fearing that she would defect, journey through a snowbound, hostile world. much too literal, at times a little awk­ Soviet officials refused to grant Miss Korbut permission to leave the Soviet ward. The choice of title too seems Union, choosing instead to keep her safely cloistered in the bosom of a grateful Igor Kaczurowsky, born in 1918 in unfortunate. The cover design — melo­ motherland. Miss Korbut reportedly told a friend, "1 want to show the West Ukraine and presently residing in dramatic ;n a style resembling the worst what I can do, but they're not letting me go." Munich, is a well-known Ukrainian traditions o\ socialist realism — does a emigre poet, author of four collections: positive disservice to the book. The situation, although predictable, is truly sad and laced with irony. "Nad svitlym dzherelom" (1948), "V Miss Korbut has learned a hard and bitter lesson about the "truth" of Soviet "Shliakh nevidomoho" has the mak­ dalekiy havani" (1956), "Selo" (I960) ings of a bestseller. It deserves the hfe. We in the West are deprived of seeing a truly talented and riveting athlete and "Pisnia pro bily parus" (1971). perform, and Miss Korbut is denied free expression of her God-given abilities attention of a major American publi­ and the right to pursue her profession. Educated in Russia, Argentina and sher, a good translator and perhaps Munich (he holds a Ph.D. from the even, eventually, a film maker. Like many Soviet athletes, dancers and other artists, Miss Korbut has become a jealously guarded national treasure. Camp Hfe She is trapped by her former glory, her talent and the inhumane and baleful system under whose banner she once so dutifully served. Like Rudolf Nureyev, Mikhail Barishnikov, AleksandrGodunovandthe Bandura camp: extraordinary experience Protopopov's before her. Miss Korbut has belatedly discovered that by Martha Jowyk achieving hero status in the Soviet Union brings with its series of official Now, if that sounds like an easy day restrictions and constraints which put a stranglehold on individual and I would like to share an extraordinary to you, I'd hate to see what your idea of artistic freedom. Fortunately, the others managed to escape. Barring experience with you. 1 have just return­ a tough day would be. What I'm really unforseeable circumstances, Miss Korbut is destined to remain trapped in the ed from my first bandura camp in getting at is that all the students were Soviet Union, frustrated and broke, but a hero emeritus nonetheless. Emlenton, Pa., and it was simply willing to make the effort to participate. overwhelming. I would like to speak a little bit about Sixty-five students had arrived at this Maestro Kytasty. As I'm sure most of us camp with one goal in mind: to accomp­ know, the center of his life is the lish as much as they possibly could in bandura. He is very knowledgeable and the short span of time. The camp highly respected, and it was an honor to To The Weekly contributors: accommodated a wide variety of stu­ shake his hand when we were first dents ranging from beginners to the introduced. It was a privilege to work і We greatly appreciate the materials — feature articles, newt stories, press advanced. We had 10 of the best instruc­ with him throughout the week, and we dippings, letter to the editor, and the like — we receive from our readers. tors working with us, and what 1 really didn't want it to end. appreciated was how the instructors t In order to facilitate preparation of The Ukrainian Weekly, we ask that the For the closing ceremonies of the (guidelines listed below are followed. took the time to work with each of us individually. They also moved around camp, the students performed in a Ф News stories should be sent in not later than 10 days after the occurrence of a from class to class so that we could concert and the last song was "Vziav By given event. accumulate the variety of techniques Ya Banduru." It was a very touching 9 Information about upcoming events must be received by noon of the each instructor had to offer. moment and you could see the love for Monday before the date of The Weekly edition in which the information is to be Let me give you an idea of what an his heritage in Mr. Kytasty's blue eyes ordinary day was like for us. Wake-up reaching out to us. I'm sure none of us published. will ever forget that moment. 9 AN materials must be typed and double-spaced. call was at 7:30 a.m. Breakfast at 8 a.m. Ф Newspaper and magazine dippings must be accompanied by the name of Lessons were from 9 to 11 a.m. A lecture The experience was fascinating for the publication and the date of the. edition. was then held until 11:30 a.m. More les­ me, and — as much as I hate to admit it e Photographs submitted for publication must be black and white (or color with sons were given until 1 p.m.Lunch was then - I really didn't enjoy playing the good contrast). They will be returned only when requested and accompanied by a served. Still more lessons from 2 to 4 bandura before I had arrived at this stamped, addressed envelope. p.m. For some, there was a directing camp. After having received the know­ Ф Correct English-language spellings of names must be provided. class at 3-4 p.m. We then had a recrea­ ledge and skill derived from partici­ All materials are published at the discretion of the editor and are subject to tional period until 6 p.m. and dinner pating, I feel the effort was very worth­ editing where necessary until 7 p.m. Then came the highlight of while. Thank you for your interest. the day - singing practice from 7:30 to 1 am very happy and proud of my -Editor 9:30 p.m., which was directed by Mr. fellow musicians for using every оррог– Ие^ШеЖШНННШВВНеШИШеЯНаШВВаНЯЯвЖШШв^ШШиШШШВШШГЯЮІІ Kushnir and later by Hryhory Kytasty. (Contlnued on page 11) No. 16. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1980 7

On September 9 in Chicago, the case On the other side is a 12-year-ola of 12-year-old Walter Polovchak was child, who — by the decision not to again brought before a court which Pavlik Morozov and Walter Polovchak return to the USSR -^f corrected an ultimately must decide whether to let untruth which for decades was dis­ him 'go with his parents into a dark, by Svyatoslav Karavansky seminated in the USSR about the free clouded country encircled by barbed world and America. wire, where neither adults nor children Here is the important question: Does smile at each other, or to let him remain spirit? In addition, in the USSR, child­ "Here children are laughing in school, ren are encouraged and educated to but at home not," Walter observed. a child have the right to be on the side of in a country where he, for the first time truth and defend the truth? denounce parents for their "anti-Soviet The son did not agree with the official ,in his short life, has found a child's This is the question that must be happiness. activity." and propagandists characterization of Hence, for millions of Soviet child­ life in the United States, as disseminated answered by a democratic court, which Walter's father appealed to the Chi­ ren, a model of exemplary juvenile in the USSR, while his father agrees and gives priority to Christian morality and cago court requesting the affirmation of behavior has been Pavlik Morozov, supports it. The son saw in this country is guided by the ideals of well-being, his right as a parent over a child who who denounced his parents to the what exists in reality: the freedom and truth and freedom. refused to return with him to the USSR. NKVD (now known as the KGB) or­ independence of every human being, On which side will it stand? His appeal was immediately supported gans. Monuments in honor of Pavlik sincere human relations among people, On the side of a child who by his by the totalitarian Soviet state, which Morozov abound throughout the and the possibility of realizing of one's decision defends the truth, or on the side released several official statements and USSR, while his biography is a manda­ childhood dreams, something that he of the human-hating disinformational was upheld through an appropriate tory subject for every school child in the did not see — for such does not exist — machine called upon to instigate hatred campaign by the Soviet press, which is Soviet Union. in the country from which^he came. in the citizens of the USSR toward the totally subordinated to the Communist free world? Thus, the education of children based Party. Thus, the desire of the father to Why, in the conflict between the on the example of Pavlik Morozov The child sensed the difference bet­ assert his right over the child fully Polovchaks, did the official Soviet negates the traditional authority of ween the two worlds and the two coincided with the interests of the state, ideology side with the father, while in parents over children. A child must systems — a difference between the which exercises unlimited power over the Morozov conflict it approved the obey and listen to the parents as long as world of fear, untruth and scorn for both adults and children. stand of a child against his father? human dignity and the world of free­ they are loyal to the Communist Party. Because, in practice, the Communists In the Christian world there exists a As soon as such loyalty is non-existent, dom, humaneness and Christian mora­ centuries-old tradition that a child, are not motivated by Christian morality lity. or as soon as parents begin wavering in but by a materialistic-pragmatic ideo­ before reaching adulthood, should obey their loyalty to Communist ideology or The child does not want to become an the will of his parents. This tradition logy. All that is done for the benefit of obedient robot and shed the blood of practice, the right of parents over the party is good, because the party is found its recognition in the juridical children is denied and withdrawn. the Afghans or shoot at strikers, as it practices of the free world. above everything else. was in Gdansk, Norilsk, Novocherkask, But the country from which the Thus, in the case of Pavlik Morozov, Actually, in both cases, the Commu­ or in the future to throw bombs and kill Polovchak family arrived, and to which Soviet Communist ideology recognized nists were guided neither by the well- the very children who today smile at the older Polovchaks intend to return, the right of a minor boy to act against being of the parents nor that of the him in such a friendly manner. rejected Christian human morality over the will of his parents. children, but by the interest of a totali­ Everyone in this world who calls 60 years ago, abrogated centuries-old The conflict between the Polovchak tarian state they created, a state that himself a democrat, who treasures parental rights and pronounced instead father and son is diametrically opposed may decide the fate of both adults and human freedom above all else, must a new morality based on anti-human to the conflict between the Morozov children. recognize the right of young Polovchak Communist ideology. father and the Morozov son. In the case Walter Polovchak did not enter into a to take a step against the will of his How does this new morality, treat of the Morozovs, the son was loyal to conflict with his father — for the rights parents and against the will of the relations between parents and children? the state, while his father was in opposi­ of parents are not recognized in the totalitarian state — a step for freedom, The rights of parents in the USSR do tion to it. USSR. Walter Polovchak entered into humaneness and truth. not belong to parents themselves but to In the case of the Polovchaks, the a conflict with totalitarian Communist the Communist Party and its subordi­ father — by his desire to return to the ideology and its disinformational ma­ Svyatoslav Karavansky is a noted nated state: The right of parents o\et a USSR (which could have been pre­ chine, which is called upon to dissemi­ Ukrainian poet and literary critic who child exists so long as the parents arranged) — has demonstrated his nate untruth about the democratic spent some 30 years in Soviet jails and conform their lives to the dictates of the loyalty to the Communist Party and its world — and especially the American, concentration camps for opposition to party. As soon as parents oppose the deceptive and disinformational propa­ way of life. the Soviet regime in Ukraine. He and .party, they immediately lose control ganda. The son, on the contrary, in spite In this conflict, on one side is the his wife, Dr. Nina Strokata Karavan­ over the child, and the right over the of the prejudice of his father who, from powerful disinformational machine of sky, were ousted from the USSR last child reverts to the state. the very first day of his arrival in the the Communist world, supported by the December and are now in the United How many examples may we cite of United States, saw nothing but the multi-million Communist Party of the States. parents-believers being deprived of negative, perceived the difference bet­ USSR and the powerful totalitarian The article above was translated from their parenthood because they tried to ween the position of man and children state with all its educational, legal and the original Ukrainian by Dr. Walter bring up their children in the religious in the USSR and the United States. police apparatuses. Dushnyck.

the work of H.A. Syrota, head of the Committee; Yu. H. Bakhtin, chairman of Impact of Polish developments? oblast trade-union council, all of its the Crimean Oblast Executive Committee; secretaries, many heads of departments, members and candidate members of the heads of the branch committees of bureau of the oblast party committee and Local trade-union organs trade-unions, and other organs of the heads of the committee's departments; first local trade-union apparatus. secretaries and heads of the organizational criticized in Ukraine The most interesting aspect of the departments of city and raion committees of plenum concerns the three-way relation­ the Crimean Party organization; chairmen - by Dr. Roman Solchanyk many republican trade-union commit­ ship between the trade-unions, manage­ of city and raion executive committees; tees." The newspaper noted that: ment, and the workers. According to secretaries of the oblast committees of trade The Ukrainian workers' newspaper "this kind of representation is ex­ Robitnycha Hazeta: unions; cbairmen of the city and raion Rdbitnycha Hazeta has published an plained by the significance of the committees of ' trade unions; and chairmen unusually detailed and frank report on a "the need for strong, business-like agenda itself: the plenum discussed the contact between trade-union organs and secretaries of factory committees of recent plenum of the Crimean Oblast fulfillment by the oblast trade-union various enterprises. Trade-Union Council in its issue of and the management was given special organizations of the tasks emerging emphasis. Management was criticized August 21. The plenum, which severely from decisions of the 25th CPSU criticized the work of local trade-union for specific instances of ignoring the congress and the resolution of the demands ot trade-union organizations Latest Issue of organizations, is described as routine. It Central Committee of the CPSU con­ may, however, not be entirely fortuitous and everyday needs of its collectives" cerning party leadership of trade uni­ (i.e., workers). Recenzija released that such detailed scrutiny of short­ ons." comings in the work of trade union- The report concludes by citing the organizations should come at at time A striking characteristic of the report plenum's demands that the leadership CAMBRIDGE, Mass. - The 16th when the role of official trade unions is the fact that it is almost entirely of the trade union and management issue of Recenzija, a review of Soviet has become a major issue injieighbo- devoted to criticism. In most cases, cadres guarantee control over "the Ukrainian scholarly publications pub­ ring Poland.1 reports of this type are fairly well fulfillment of collective agreements and lished by the Seminar in Ukrainian all resolutions adopted by the elective Studies at Harvard University, came Another curious aspect of the plenum balanced between the positive'and negative sides of any given problem, trade-union organs in the interests of out in August, reported the Ukrainian was the presence of high-level party the toilers" and that the composition of Studies Fund. functionaries form Kiev and the fact even though the critical remarks are almost always highlighted. During the the factory committees be improved that their participation in the meeting and the number of party members re­ Editors of this latest, issue, which was emphasized in the report. Accord­ plenum of the Crimean Oblast Trade- contains five reviews, are Roman Кого– Union Council, however, the speakers presented on these committees be in­ ing to Robitnycha Hazeta, the plenum creased. peckyj and Victor Ostapchuk. was attended by Vitaliy Sergeevich and discussants "devoted their main Sologub, who is head of the Ukrainian attention to shortcomings in the work To date, Recenzija has reviewed 90 Trade-Union Council and a full mem­ of trade-union organizations." Many of 1 V. Stepanov, "Krytychno otsiniuiuchy scholarly publications which have ber of the Ukrainian Politburo; "re­ the omissions, it is said, stem from "the robotu. Z plenumu Krymskoi oblprofrady," appeared in Soviet Ukraine. In their sponsible workers of the apparat of the style of work and the cadres' insuffi­ Robitnycha Hazeta, August 21, 1980. critical assessments, the reviewers 2 Central Committee of the Communist cient business-like ability." The newsr -,. In addition to the guests from Kiev, the often drew attention to unobjective, paper pointed out that the plenum gave plenum was attended by V.S. Makarenko, propagandistic and otherwise unscho- Party of Ukraine"; and "workers of the ; Ukrainian Trade-Union Council and "a severe and principled evaluation" of first secretary of the Crimean ObFast Party larly approaches. ` ..'v ..: M'`...-.' THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY. SEPTEMBER 14. 1980 No. 16.

Comedienne Luba Goy entertains the audience at Canada's Children wearing Ukrainian embroidered shirts - two of the boys wearing buttons in honor of Mesdames Stu' National Ukrainian Festival. the late composer Volodymyr Ivasiuk - wave during the festival parade. No. 16. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY. SEPTEMBER 14. 1980 Dauphin bids "Vitayemo" for 15th festival

a ensemble display their costumes and smiles. Barbara and Julian Koziak are pictured above during the festival's opening ceremonies. Emcee Cecil Semchyshyn is on thi right. The Koziabs, as hosts of the festival, and girls in traditional Ukrainian dress greeted the audience with bread, salt anc embroidered rushnyky.

Joanna Karasevich celebrated her seventh birthday on stage at the festival and in the arms of master of ceremonies Cecil Semchyshyn. Jean G usnoski, publicity and public relations director of of Winnipeg and Ostapchuk of Cologne, Germany, wander through seemingly the festival, provides the birthday cake, as Joanna's sister Reena and mother, singer Joan endless field of sunflowers. Karasevich, look on. 10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1980 Tennis: a family sport As noted in last week's story about the USCAK tennis nationals, tennis runs deep in families as evidenced by the participation of the Matkiwskys, Sawchaks, Shyjans, Sydoraks and Kohutiaks in this year's tourney. Below are photos of these tennis families taken after the closing ceremonies on Soyuzivka`s courts. (The Sydoraks, who left the UN A estate immediately after the conclusion of the tourney to return to California, were not present to pose for a family photo.)

Romi Sochan Шгеаусг Dr. Vsevolod Kohutiak, his wife Lida and their children George and Roma enjoyed the tourney even though only Roma took home a runner-up trophy in the 18-and- under group. Mike Shyjan Jr., victor in the 12-and-under boys' group, showed up his parents Joan and Mike.

George Sawchak, winner in the junior vets category, was proud of his two daughters, Tanya (left), 14-and-under group champion, and Lida, 12-and-under That's a trunkful of hardware for the Matkiwsky family. From left are: Dr. Zenon group champ, as well as of his nephew Adrian Kutko, runner-up in the 18-and- Matkiwsky, Zenia, Luba, Olenka and Eric. AH, except Luba, were champions in under group. their respective groups. Luba lost in the women's finals to sister Zenia. ІІІІІИІИІІ^І"И"ІИ"ИИИі^^ Windows on the World topped by Ukrainian Restaurant in ratings NEW YORK - The comparative opened to a bui rage of publicity rarely if that "it's best to come for the view, and European countries (Russia, Rumania, approach, one widely used in the aca­ ever seen in the New York area." At charge off dinner as almost a total loss." Poland, etc.)," designating as "typically demic world, may be applied to the more than 1,300 feet above ground, it Ukrainian" such entries as: "beat and domain of the restauranteur. offers an incomparable view of the city. There is a redeeming feature, however, the "Hors d`Oeuvrerie," a sort of cabbage borscht, (which is a quite different from that usually served in Bearing in mind that in Myra Wal­ "Obviously the food must be marve­ cocktail lounge, where, according to lous, one would assume. The sad truth is Ms. Waldo, much better food is served. Jewish restaurants)," "piroski," "lazan- do's "Restaurant Guide to New York ky" and jelly doughnuts (pampushky). City and Vicinity" restaurants are that the food is quite ordinary," as The Ukrainian Restaurant, located evaluated in relation to the prices evidenced by Ms. Waldo's rating of one on the ground floor of the Ukrainian The lesson: do not judge quality by charged (therefore, it is easier for a low- star (on a scale of 0 to 5). National Home complex at 140 Second height or lavishness. Enjoy both the priced restaurant to recieve a higher Ave. between 8th and 9th streets - has high and the low, but do follow Ms. rating than an expensive restaurant) The view is unrivaled, the service is no view, not much atmosphere to speak Waldo's words of caution as to what one can proceed to compare, admittedly formal and attentive, but as to the of, a varied clientele, and is a place, should be avoided where. And fore­ in a rather tendentious way, Windows culinary fare - alas, it is incommen­ where on can while away the time... most, make a note that "dining out in surate with both view and price. In on the Worjd — the highest restaurant Yet the Ukrainian Restaurant gets New York continues to offer a fantastic in New York, with one of the lowliest, reviewing the menu selections, Ms. range of classic and ethnic cuisines. Waldo uses such modifiers as "indiffe­ two stars in Ms. Waldo rating scheme. tucked away in the Lower East Side — The sei. ice is "informal but pleasant." There isn't another city in the world The Ukrainian Restaurant. rent," "pretty fair,""nothing more than (and that includes Paris),"according to passible..." The food is "interesting and offers an Waldo, "where a wider and more Windows on the World, which occu­ excellent value for the money." comprehensive range of cooking, cui­ pies the 107th floor of the World Trade To the inevitable question, "why Interestingly enough, Ms. Waldo sines and, restaurants can be found." Center, is a "spectacular restaurant come here at all?" Ms Waldo responds refers to the "typical food of Eastern Smachnoho — bon appejit! No. 16. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1980 11 Dr. SJ. Kalba to resign as UCC executive director Promin: shedding a new light by Michael Ewanchuk on the Ukrainian music scene WINNIPEG, - Dr. S.J. Kalba, who by Marta Kolomayets in Toronto, Detroit, Cleveland, as has guided the Ukrainian Canadian well as Chicago," he notes. Committee as executive director through Chicago "The more we played, the more we 14 successful years of activities, is relin­ They say taking the first step is got to try out new pieces written by quishing the post in October. always the hardest, embarking on a new adventure is always the most the band," adds Wally Popowicz. The executive director was successful frightening, starting a new style is "And you know what?Theyliked Us! in his work, having the ability to deal always the most daring. So we soon developed a style of our with the different organizations which own, an unconventional, original constitute, the UCC. Among his more "We're out to experiment, to mix, style." outstanding contributions to the orga­ to introduce a new style to Ukrainian "Sure we were scared," admits nization was his ability to understand music... It's time for Ukrainian music Stefan Pylypcak, whoplaysthe key­ and be able to work with the Canadian- to break out of its conservative style; boards, "we had grown so much over bora members of the different Ukrai­ it's time for our music to change with the last four years we were together, nian groups. the times," comments Bohdan Kru- that we thought it would be inhibit­ tiak, as he continues playing his ing for us to keep plucking away at He has done much to encourage and, guitar. the same old songs." with the assistance of the UCC, help to His fellow musicians, members of bring into fruition Ukrainian publi­ Chicago's ever-popular Promin band "We discarded our uniform cos­ cations and research about the Ukrai­ agree : "Ukrainian music of the tumes for a more casual look; we nian settlers. Among these publications immigrant generation, since 1945 is added a lot of the electronic sound, (in English) is "Marusia." He helped virtually non-existent. We have only even went all out and got ourseves a with the planning of a fine concert of relied on the melodies of. Soviet fog machine," he says. Ukrainian music in Winnipeg Centen­ Dr. SJ. Kalba Ukraine to be smuggled across the "We expected a lot of criticism and nial Hail. Iron Curtain and then played for us." we got it," adds bass guitarist Wally He was able to communicate well Glubisz. "Mind you, not all of it was Dr. Kalba was well prepared for his with politicians and people in the "We value these tokens," adds Wally Glubisz, "for our national favorable: the older people especially administrative duties. He is a law diplomatic service, and he has been able could not understand why we so graduate of the University of Lviv, to receive in a gracious manner many roots are deeply embedded in the soil of Ukraine." wanted, to change our style; why we studied economics in Belgium and was notable individuals and also members couldn't be content playing the same in charge of business offices in New of the press. Wally Popowicz, the drummer of this winning combination, believes songs that bands played at zabavas York and Montreal. Knowledge of 20 years ago... On the other hand, we Ukrainian, English and French,asweflas He has devoted much time to correct the band tries to intertwine its own misrepresentations in the media about style with the musical pearls of the got so much positive feedback that other languages, prepared him well for we could not dissappoint our. peers his duties. the Ukrainians. motherland. "We believe," he adds, "that we can add much to the musical who waited at every zabava for us to Ukrainian culture of the immigrant strike-up." people." Promin, then, is grateful for its Ukrainian Catholic... faithful supporters, for the audiences True, they have added much al­ who are still deeply attached to the (Continued from page 3) nian bishops. Among the points on the ready to the culture of the children of roots of their fathers in Ukraine, Lubachivsky. The participants were agenda were: work of the liturgical those who also realize that culture is commission, contacts with the faithful immigrant parents. Their peers look presented with a schematic outline of upon them as a trendsetting band, a a progressive thing, and that Ukrainian canon law on Eastern Churches in a in Soviet Ukraine, the Ukrainian trans­ music, being so tightly associated lation of the Divine Liturgy of St. Basil band that has renewed an interest in lecture titled "The Worship of God and Ukrainian music for kids of all ages. with the culture, need not be wrong if the Sacraments." the Great as well as the translation of it different from the melodies our pa- Lectures were delivered by the Rev. the Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysos- Did they ever think they world be rents heard in the 1940s. tom into English; relations with Ukrai­ Drs. Baran, Danylak, Kachur, Pospi- such a success? nian Orthodox and Evangelical Chur­ "No," answers Michael Kopczak, The individuals who make up Pro­ shil and Wawryk. An edited version of ches, and the theme of the Christmas min are st\l.l deeply involved in their the lectures, along with the commentary the brass of the band. "We started message. out as a zabava band, but we always national heritage and they are still preferred by the bishops at the time of concentrating on bringing their love sion for the Revision of Eastern Canon A separate session was devoted to a seemed to attract a crowd of young people who followed us to all the of Ukraine to their peers, who are Law. The proposed outline of the canon review of candidates for bishops as well also children of immigrant fathers. law will also be presented for review at as a discussion of the election of bi­ Ukrainian functions we played." shops. : And Promin members believe the the conference, is to be sent to Pope "Before we knew it, they had told most they can contribute to the John Paul II and to the Papal Commis- Aditional matters discussed were their Ukrainian friends from diffe­ Ukrainian culture is through their the next meeting of the Holy Synod of preparations for the commemoration of rent cities in the U.S. and Canada creative expression, through their Bishops. the millenium of Christianity in Uk­ about us, and soon we were playing music. The bishops also discussed prepara­ raine and publication of a scholarly tions for the upcoming synod of Ukrai- history of the Ukrainian Catholic Church in the United States and Cana­ Bandura camp... da. Also taking part in the conference (Continued from page 6) were representatives of theeparchalcom- tunity to contribute to the achieve­ mitees, among them : the Rev. Michael ments. I'm thrilled that the roots of our Hrynchyshyn, general secretary; the cultural tradition are growing. Rev. R. Danylak from Toronto; the Speaking on behalf of all the students Rev. Mitred Bohdan Hanushevskyfrom present in Emlenton: we will all be look­ New Westminster, B.C. Arcxhmandrite ing forward to next year's camp, and we Pospishil from the United States; the thankeveryone responsible for giving us Rev. Semen Romaniw, executive secre­ this opportunity. We will treasure it for tary, and the Rev. Protohegumen the rest of our lives. Vitalij Pidskalny. 18th Anniversary CHARITY DINNER - DANCE Weekend preview SPONSORED BY BRANCH 72 - UKRAINIAN NATIONAL WOMEN'S LEAGUE of AMERICA All organizations planning social events such as picnics, TO BE HELD AT barbecues, entertainment programs, dances, etc. and band leaders wishing to announce dates and locations of performances are invited "SOYUZIVKA" to send announcements to The Ukrainian Weekly for publication - free UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ESTATE - F00R0M0RE RD., KERH0NKS0N. N.Y. of charge - in the new Weekend preview column. Announcements October 4 ft 5, 1980 should be clearly marked "Weekend preview" and sent to The Weekly. 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N.J. 07302. Notices must be received Saturday: Cocktail Hour 6:30 p.m.. Dinner 7:30 p.m. a Sunday: Breakfast 1 Lunch by The Weekly at least one week prior to desired date of publication. Dance music by JOH N NY GAY DONATION MS.OO ptr person Information required: sponsoring organization, event, date, place, time, admission charge and telephone number of a person to be contacted For information all: Sophia Kotyk. (212) 672-5816 or write 61-32. 80th St.. Middle Village. N.Y. 11379 for any additional information (if required). BSSSSSSSSSSSSSBSSSS93BSSS 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1980 No. 16. Surmach story appears in reader Mazuryk's works to be displayed who also offers school children free September 14-27 in Toronto tours of his apiary. But few know him as an author in demand. TORONTO - An exhibition of In 1976, Mr. Surmach's story, "A paintings by Omelian Mazuryk from Talk with a Beekeeper," was published Paris will be held at the Ukrainian in "The Scribner Anthology for Young Canadian Art Foundation's Gallery People," a reading primer. In preparing here from September 14 through 27. a revision in its textbook series, Basics The exhibition will be opened on Sun­ in Reading, the firm of Scott, Foresman day, September 14, at 2 p.m. by Dr. Paul and Company, an Illinois-based publi­ Magosci, professor of the first Chair of shing house, asked Mr. Surmach's Ukrainian Studies at the University of permission to reprint the story in its Toronto. 1981 edition, "Sky Climbers." Mr. Mazuryk's art is of the expressio­ nist tradition. An important part of his Needless to say, Mr. Surmach, who work is devoted to religious art — icons often does community work with child­ painted on wood. Mr. Mazuryk is ren and senior citizens, agreed to widely known for his expressionist neo- contribute his story to help children Byzantine art, notable examples of learn to read. which are to be found in the Ukrainian Cathedral of Saint Wolodymyr in Paris Mr. Surmach's story, with illustra­ and in the chapel in Sarcelles, outside of tions by Sue Feaman, outlines the key Paris. Myron Surmach role bees play in nature, the honey- making process and various aspects of Omelian Mazuryk SADDLE RIVER, N.J. - Ukrai­ beekeeping. The author also provides nians in this area know Myron Sur­ anecdotes dealing with his experiences Hnizdovsky works During the visit of Pope John Paul II mach, 87, primarily as a beekeeper, an with bees, including the story of how he to France in June, Mr. Mazuryk was accomplished bandurist, former store helped the Brooklyn police dislodge a to be exhibited granted an audience with the pontiff owner and an expert lecturer on bees. bee swarm from a busy intersection. and presented him with one of his icons. While much of the artist's work is devoted to a new spirited religious art4 some of his paintings are completely abstract. "Mazuryk's landscapes and portraits use violent colors, stylizations and symmetry to convey a mystical symbolism," notes Jim Bishop in the "Paris Free Voice." Another French critic, Roger Сіег– mont of the Revue Moderne des Arts et de la Vie, commented on the wide range of Mr. Mazuryk's means of expression, noting the "strong pictorial nature, full brush work, with drawing reduced to the essential." Commenting on his artistic inten­ tions, Mr. Mazuryk says that he tries to "synthesize the spirit of Byzantine Jacques Hnizdovsky at work. archaic religious art with modern resources." "In doing sox Mazuryk has TORONTO - An exhibit of wood­ created a unique approach to painting cuts, etchings and linocuts by Jacques which is beginning to bring him con­ Hnizdovsky will be held at St. Vladimir siderable recognition from Paris art Institute Gallery here September 21 critics," asserted Mr. Bishop. through October 4. Mr. Mazuryk was born in 1937 in The exhibition will be opened on Brezawa in the Carpathian Mountains. Sunday, September 21,1-5 p.m., and it He is a graduate of the Academy of Art will be opened daily 2-5 p.m. in Cracow (1964) and former pupil of St. Vladimir Institute Gallery is locat­ the Paris "Beaux Arts." He has been ed at 620 Spadina Ave., Toronto. living in France since 1968. Attention, students! Throughout the year, Ukrainian student clubs plan and hold activities. The Ukrainian Weekly urges students to let us and the Ukrainian community know abbut upcoming events. The Weekly will be happy to help you publicize them. We will also be glad to print timely news stories about events that have already taken place. Black and white photos (or color with good contrast) will also be accepted. Otto Graham, one of football's greatest MAKE YOURSELF HEARD. Send materials to The Weekly. quarterbacks, has made a successful comeback: from colorectal cancer. And today, he's feeling good enough to keep working full time as Athletic Advertising rates for The Ukrainian Weekly Director of the Coast Guard Academy. Your donations have helped fund the research and General tdvertiswiierrU: 1 inch, singlo column j 7.00 advances in treatment necessary for a recovery like FratwnilindeoiiimuiiityidvtrtiswiMflti:l inch, single column j 5.00 Otto Graham's. And the recovery of almost Full pen J36O.O0 Half page S185.00 2 million others who are living proof that your Quarter page J 95.QO contributions count. Eighthpage j 50.00

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All advertisements must be received by noon of the Monday before the date of the next Weekly edition. American Cancer Society All advertisements are subject to approval. Please make checks payable to SV0B0DA and mail to: THIS SPA(,b і l)NTRIBUTED BY THE PUBLISHER ASA PUBUCSERVICE 30 Montgomery Street. Jersey City. N.J. 07302 No. 16. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1980 Slavic Culture Week begins October 13 in New York

NEW YORK - Mayor Edward will participate, a Slavic folk music and New York School of Bandura and vice Slavic American Cultural Associatio Koch will proclaim the week of October dance festival in the auditorium of chairman of Slavic Culture Week. Inc. 13-19 as the third consecutive Slavic Hunter College, and a symposium on The chairman of the Slavic Culture For further information please writ Culture Week in New York at a special the "Slavic World and the Press" to be Week committee is Walter Abramowiez, to: Slavic American Cultural Associa ceremony at City Hall on Tuesday, held at Columbia University with the the citywide coordinator is Prof. Vera tion Inc.,663 Fifth Ave., New York October 14. participation of leading American Von Wiren-Garczynski, president of the N.Y. 10022. Held under the auspices of the New journalists. York City Board of Education and the The crowning event of Slavic Culture Slavic American Cultural Association Week will be the Sunflower Ball with a Inc., Slavic Culture Week has two goals: gala concert and dance performance by to acquaint other Americans with the leading opera and ballet stars. contributions Slavic Americans have A schedule of events, which will be made to the United States and to widely circulated, has been prepared to develop in students of Slavic descent an inform the public of happenings during appreciation of the languages and the Slavic Culture Week. cultures of their forebears. The week Serving on the board of directors of also attempts to promote a better the Slavic American Cultural Associa­ understanding of the variety of ethnic tion Inc. is Rosalie Polche, representing groups which comprise America's plu­ the New York Regional Council of the ralistic society and a more harmonious Ukrainian National Women's League relationship among all. of America. Other members of the During Slavic Culture Week, various Ukrainian Committee include Halyna activities will take place throughout the Andreadis and Mykola Andreadis, Uk­ city. These include art and library rainian Opera Inc.; Nick Czorny, Uk­ exhibits in which the public schools in rainian School of Bandura; Pavlo the greater New York metropolitan area Myhalik, opera singer; Vincent Owsak,

man; Dr. R. Klufas, secretary; M. Organization for Rebirth... Seredovych, head auditor. The Ukrainian Gold Cross, a natio­ (Continued from page 1) Members of the Slavic Culture Week committee: (front row, from left) Cynthia nal women's organization, held its Semmler, Peter Bartoszek, Rosalie Polche, Walter Abramowiez, Prof. Vera Von August 31. Dr. B. Mykhailiv, co-founder convention on August 30-31, with Wiren-Garczynski, Suzanne Bell Grainger, (top row, from left) Prof. Harold B. and longtime supporter of the fund, delegates from most of its branches in Segel, Wladyslaw Witkowicki, Nick Czorny, George Marghich, Vladimir F. opened the convention; chairmen of the attendance. Wertsman, Mieczyslavv I. Gubernat, Michael Labowski, Alexander J. Malewski, presidium were Pavlo Dorozhynsky The agenda of the two-day meeting Vincent Owsak and Lawrence Markowski. and B. Petrina. included reports on the activities and organizational work of the UGC as well The main purpose of the fund is as reports and discussion on the wo­ sszBSBSsssBssEEBSBBSBasBBBHBBBSBBBBBBiassBBBBBBi financial aid for various national cau­ men's conference recently held in Co­ ses. penhagen. The celebration of the golden Share The Weekly with a friend After the reading of reports and a jubilee of the UGC in 1981 was also a to­ discussion, the outgoing board was given pic of discussionjmd planning. авгинавяяяваиииваввагняя a unanimous vote of confidence. Two Ukrainian youth organizations, Newly elected officers for a two-year "Zarevo" and MUN, also held their term were: V. Mykhailiv, president; meetings on August 30-31. Reports Stephen Kuropas, vice president; P. were submitted and plans of actfvity for Dorozhynsky, vice president; Y.Stasyk, the next two years were outlined. vice president; A. Powch, vice presi­ Emphasis was placed on the importance dent; O. Sukhoversky, financial chair­ of attending the 13th UCCA Congress.

THE UKRAINIAN MUSBJM 203 SECOND A^NUE NEWVCRK NEWVORK EMBROIDERY COURSE September 20 - November 22, 1980 Ten session course feared for everyone from beginners to advanced participants, will explore the history, techniques and aesthetics of Ukrainian embroidery. This course is open to adults and children at least 12 years of ago. TIME: 1:15-2:45. FEE: Adults - S30.00. Members - J25.0O. Students - S20.00. Senior Citizens - S20.00. Free for ages 12-16. Fee includes all supplies. Advanced reservations are required for all workshops, a For reservation! call (212) 228-0110 ЬLaJlД]rдr^fw^rw^гw^r^l^^l^^^п^ll^ll^^MllИll^я^l^llM^^и^^^ll^^Mll^l^ЯllДg^ДІT

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UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION C`itv 30 Montgomery Street m Jersey City, N.J. 07302 Slate Zip Code 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1980 No. 16. Daria Dorosh's Manor festival to feature Voloshky dancers works displayed in Southampton NEW YORK - The 79 Wall St. East Gallery in the Complex on Job's Lane in Southampton, NY., featured new works in oil crayon on papear by Daria Dorosh, reported the New York Times art section of August 31. The gallery had moved to South­ ampton from Huntington for the sum­ mer and was open through September 7. "Miss Dorosh's abstractions focus attention on a central form derived from a square but suggesting a window or point of entry. In some works, this form advances toward the viewer, while in others it recedes or appears open. . "Miss Dorosh draws an analogy be­ tween her imagery and the concept of 4he Void — the primal source of the world's spaces.' Indeed there is a medi­ tative, mantra-like quality in these The Voloshky Ukrainian dancers. richly colored works, whose delicately JENKINTOWN, Pa.. - The Vo­ originality in style and composition. displays are included in the ensemble's textured surfaces are built up of layer loshky Ukrainian Dance Ensemble has The repertoire of the group ranges from repertoire as an important part of the upon layer of subtly blended pigment," agreed to perform at the Ukrainian such vibrant dances as Hopak and total framework. wrote Helen A. Harrison of the Times. Festival on Sunday, September 21, at Kolomyiky to the totally graceful and The artistic director of the group is Manor Junior College here. stylized movements expressed in the Zoia Hraur Korsun. After acquiring a The annual festival, which is sponsor­ dances "In the Cherry Orchard" and basic background in classical ballet, ed by the Ukrainian Heritage Studies "Evening Gathering." The ensemble's Ms. Korsun studied under various Center at the college, will be held rain or repertoire also includes a variety of teachers of Ukrainian dancing and shine and will be open to the public of original dances based on traditional continues her choreographic studies by all ages and heritages from noon to 7 themes or native folklore as can be seem careful observation of .the best that p.m. in "Panes" of "Diversions Impromptu." amateur and professional groups have The Voloshky dancers will perform In all its work the ensemble is con­ to offer. during the two folk dance, music and cerned with the development of a style The musical arrangements for the song programs at 2 and 4:30 p.m. that is clearly native to Ukrainian folk dances were written by Alexander ROMA PRYMA In both choreography and musk, the dancing in its character and yet classical Voshchenkov, an authority on Slavic ensemble attempts to maintain a deli­ enough: to be appreciated by audiences music and former music director for the BOHACHEVSKY cate balance between authenticity and everywhere. Technical and acrobatic ensemble. SCHOOL OF BALLET Some of the members of the group are from Roxborough, Olney, Ridley 62 St. Marks PI. New York. N. Y. Named Manhattan College soccer coach Park, Oak Lane, Elkins Park and Northeast Philadelphia. (l-2Ave's) (212)677-7187 YONKERS, N.Y. - Although many according to a profile in the August 29 REGISTRATION OF NEW STUDENTS husbands throughout the country aban­ Herald Statesman. from SEPTEMBER IS. 19(0 don their wives on weekends in favor of "Fortunately my wife's understand­ FOR FAIL 1980/81 250 attend CLASSES BEGIN SEPTEMBER 16. 1980 sports, Bo Shashkewych, who was ing," said Mr. Shashkewych. "She Complete Rango of Counts for recently named head soccer coach at knows, this is a terrific opportunity to PRE-BALLET. BEGINNERS. INTERMADIATE. Manhattan College, may have set a do something I've wanted to do for a Panchuck-Panchuk ADVANCED 8 CHARACTER CLASSES. precedent. The 28-year-old former while." Children. Teenagers, Young, Adults, player at the Ukrainian Youth Center, An alumnus of Sacred Heart High family reunion Ladies classes in Body Movement. cut short his honeymoon to begin School, Mr. Shashkewych spent IS workouts with the Jaspers last week, years in the Cosmopolitan League's EDMONTON - Nobody can ever Younkers Youth organization, where accuse Jim Panchuck of doing things in he met current Manhattan soccer stand­ a small way. When the Los Angeles Pittsburgh and Western Pennsylvania outs, Ukrainians Bo ICucyna and Andy resident recently decided to organize a Hlushko. family reunion to familiarize his young­ DISTRICT COMMITTEE OF UNA PRANCHES OF PITTSBURGH "When I saw him training with some sters with their family tree, he expected AND WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA of the younger kids at the Ukrainian 50 Panchucks (or Panchuks) to attend. ANNOUNCES THAT ITS Youth Center, I saw some good coach­ When the smoke cleared, 250 Pan- ing qualities," said Mr. Kucyna. "He chucks and Panchuks from Canada, the knew what he was doing. He always had United States, England, Mexico and ORGANIZATIONAL MEETING control of his team." Argentina had descended on, the Uni­ WILL BE HELD The new coach, who played two years versity of Alberta campus to join in the of college soccer at St. Leo in Florida, three-day festivities. Edmonton was Sunday, September 21, 1980, at 4 p.m. - sharp completed his B.A. in political science chosen as the site for the get-together because the clan members wanted to at the 600 Glenwood Avenue, Ambridge, Pa. at Marymount -Manhattan and gained a bachelor's degree in criminal justice touch base with their Ukrainian heri­ from Мегсу-Dobbs Ferry, reported The tage and the land to which their fore­ All members ol the District Committee, Convention Delegates, 8ranch Officers of the following Branches are requested to attend, without fail: Herald Statesman. fathers emigrated. 24,41.53. 56, 63, 91. 96,109,113.120.126, 132. Ml, 264, 276. 296. 338. 481 "I've always had a desire to be The Panchucks started emigrating to involved with soccer, one way or ano­ North America in 1896, with the early PROGRAM: ther," said Shashkewych. "IVe been settlers credited with building the first 1 Opening Remarks. involved with soccer a lot. I know a lot Ukrainian church in Canada, now a 2. Review of the organizational work of the District during the past 8 months. of people in the game. I have a lot of historic site, the Ukrainian Greek 3. Discussion of Fall Organizational Campaign which has as its goal the organization of 2,000 new members by the end of the year experience. Now, we've got to see what Orthodox Church of St. Michael in 4. General UNA topics. happens. Gardenton. 5. Questions and answers, adjournment ^mwrowwwMWromwwwwM)twwwKHwwww)iwiwi Meeting will be attended by: ! f

Dr. John O. FHs, Supreme President AUTUMN DANCE Wasyl OrichoWSky, Supreme Organizer : ) Featuring "VESELY CHASY" ```^ '^ Andrew Jula, Supreme Advhtor to feltett September 27,1980 at 9:00 p.m. ; L at St. Vartan's Armenian Church, езо second AW. (between 34th s35mst) N.Y.C. We call on all Branches with their Officers and Convention Delegates, as well as other UNA Activists to attend this important meeting Donation: 17.00 DISTRICT COMMITTEE For tabfe reservations call (after 8:00 p.m.): (212) 392-5525. 271-5210. 779-8187 Andrew Jula Dmytro Hotowaty Eustechy Prokopowycz Sponsored by U.N.W.L.A. Branch 104 Treasurer I President Secretary iftsdbuivi . і r. ч.,. ,,. , , , . , . ,r. , , . , , . і , . . . ; ; , , , , . . . , . , шшшшдт0ФЛФФЄФ0ФФФФ0ФФФФФФ0ФФФіФФФФФ4ФФФФФФФФФФФФФФФФФ44ФФФ ФФФФФФ Д ХффФ0ФФФФ0Ф0ФФФФФ44000000 000ФФФ00,ФФ00004Ф0000000404ФФффф000ф^фффффффффф No. 16. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1980 jys Museum to hold Plan Family Day UCCA Washington news in Hempstead ” On July 23, the UCCA president and ress was not in session during the third embroidery workshop Mrs. Dobriansky met with the House week of July, the commemoration was leadership and members of Congress, held the following week, blending with NEW YORK - The Ukrainian Mu­ UNIONDALE,N.Y. - The Hemp- commemorating the 22nd observance the other two events. As Sen. Pell con­ seum has begun registration for Em­ stead branch of the Organization for the of Captive Nations Week. The meeting cludes, "The observance of Afghanistan broidery Workshop 1980. For 10 conse­ Defense of Four Freedoms for Ukraine took place in Speaker O`Neill's office in Relief Week and Captive Nations Week cutive Saturdays beginning September (ODFFU) is sponsoring a Family Day the Capitol. A distributed photo show­ provides a shining counterpoint to the 20, participants will work on a variety of here in the hall of St. Michael Ukrainian ed the three along with Majority Leader dark spectre of Soviet expansionism." traditional Ukrainian stitches while Orthodox Church on Sunday, Septem­ James C. Wright of Texas, Majority m Informed by specialists in Washing­ being instructed in the history, tech­ ber 28. Whip John Brademas (Ind.), Edward J. ton, the UCCA president learned of the niques and aesthetics of Ukrainian Patten (N.J.), William S. Broomfield bombastic attack against him by Radio embroidery. The theme of the program is the importance of the family structure, and (Mich). Samuel Stratton (N.Y.), John Kiev on July 26. The commentary Offered on three levels, this work­ its effect on the development of reli­ Moakley (Mass.), Silvio Conte(Mass.), seemed to be disturbed by the UCCA shop is geared to meet the needs of the gious values, personal development and and the Rev. James D. Ford, chaplain. president's recent appointment as a beginner as well as the intermediate and national consciousness. Joining later with the group were foreign policy adviser to Gov. Ronald advanced embroiderer. Christopher J. Dodd (Conn.), Edward Reagan. As usual, it also distorted The registration fee: S30 for adults, The program will begin at 10 a.m. J. Derwinski (111.), Mario Biaggi (N.Y.), many facts bearing on SALT II, the S25 for museum members, S20 for with Divine Liturgies celebrated at St. and Lucien N. Nedzi (Mich). representation of Ukraininan nationa­ students and senior citizens with proper Vladimir's Ukrainian Catholic Church ' That same day Reps. Edward J. lism, and U.S. politico-military options. indentification. The Embroidery Work­ and at St. Michael Ukrainian Orthodox Derwinski and Samuel Stratton led the In the period ahead we should hear shop is free for children age 12-16. Church. Captive Nations Week commemoration more from Kiev, Moscow and other All materials for workshops are in the House. In his address. Rep. totalitarian centers on the foreign covered by the registration fee. For At 2 p.m., activities shift to the. Stratton included governors' and church hall, where dinner, speeches and policy debate in this country. reservations call (212) 228-0110. mayor' proclamations, the UCCA pre­ ' On July 28, Rep. Edward J., Der­ an entertainment program are schedul­ sident's message to members of Cong­ Currently on exhibit at the Ukrainian ed. winski of Illinois introduced a variety Museum are folk art from the Carpa­ ress, and the Detroit program attended of items into the Congressional Record, thian Mountains, Ukrainian folk costu­ Slated to perform during the enter­ by 4,000 participants. Rev. Derwinski's dealing with the 1980 Captive Nations mes, and Ukrainian embroidery craft. tainment program are Stephen Mah- statement included salient parts from Week. He began, "Mr. Speaker, reports Museum hours are Wednesday through med, a Ukrainian humorist, and the the UCCA`s "Captive Nations in the on the 22nd observance of Captive Sunday 1 to 5 p.m. Admission: SI for "We're from Ukraine" drama troupe I980's" and the prayerful appeal of Nations Week are flowing in and indi- adults; 50 cents for students and senior under the direction of Lina Beluts. Bishop Basil H. Losten of Stamford. dicate that another successful, annual citizens. Joining in the colloquy were Reps. week was held this past July 13-І 9." In Scheduled speakers include Olia Rousselot, Russo, Clinger, Rhodes, addition to governors'and mayors' llnycky-Piszczymuka, K. Mycio and S. Harris, Rodino and a dozen others. proclamations of the week, the legisla­ Marusevich. Madrid conference... " On July 24, Sen. Claiborne Pell of tor included the Republican convention I (Continued from page 2) Tickets may be purchased from Rhode Island spoke in the Senate on release "GOP Platform Pledges Sup­ torney, has insisted that the United ODFFU members by September 20. "Afghanistan Relief Week, Captive port for Captive Nations," in which the States is against setting a date for the Further information may be obtained Nations Week and the Olympics." The UCCA president is quoted on the conclusion of the Madrid Conference by calling (516) 485-0149. senator, as well as Sens. Javits of New planks, the Detroit Times report on the and would oppose any parliamentary York, Goldwater of Arizona and others, Detroit Captive Naitons Week Obser­ maneuver that would prevent the rais­ accepted the combined theme suggested vance, and the Free China Weekly's ing of the review issue.in the second Becomes fellow by the UCCA president in his message editorial for the week, "More Than section of the full-dress conference, to Congress members. Because Cong­ Afghanistan." reported the Times. of dentistry academy The United States and other Western countries suspect that if a time limit is RUTHERFORD, N.J. - Dr. Yarc- Want to be a member imposed on the conference, the Soviet slaw Stawnychy was one of the six Union might be tempted to employ a dentists who have become fellows of the of the biggest Ukrainian family variety of delaying tactics until the Academy of General Dentistry, as meeting ends, particularly if it feels reported by the South Bergenite. in the free world? besieged by inevitable criticism of its The dentists were awarded fellow­ Well, join the UNA! policies on human rights and Afghanis­ ships at the annual convention of the tan. Academy in San Diego recently. HELP WANTED We're taking time HOUSEKEEPER live-in. English speaking. Reliable to to save some of yours. care for two adult invalids. Roslyn. Long Island area. Salary open. Good news for 516-627-4486 today's business owner.

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