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The Ukrainian Uarterly The Ukrainian uarterly AJOURNAL OF EAST EUROPEAN .AND ASIANAfFAIRS Fall-Winter, 1985 Volume XLI - No. 3-4 $7.50 A IIarticles published in this journal and signed by the authors do not necessarily reflect the views ofthe Ukrainian Congress Committee ofAmerica. EDITORIAL BOARD FOR THE PUBLICA TIONS OF THE UKRAINIAN CONGRESS COMMITTEE OF AMERICA Chairman ofthe Board' Prot Lev E. Dobriansky Editor: Prot Nicholas G. Bohatiuk Le Moyne College, Syracuse, N. Y: Members: Prot Nicholas L. Chirovsky, Prot Lev E. Dobriansky.Prof. George Kulchycky and Prot Wolodymyr Stojko EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD: Prof James D. Atkinson Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. Prof Anthony T. Bouscaren Le Moyne College, Syracuse, N.Y. Prof Jose Fernandes Silva Dias University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Prof Kurt Glaser Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, Ill. Prof Jerzy Hauptmann Park College, Parkville, Mo. Prof Henry Lane Hull The University of Alabama in Hutsville Prof Sechin Jagchid Institute of China Border Area Studies, Taipei, Taiwan Prof Jan Karski Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. Prof Jun- Yop Kim Korea University, Seoul, Korea Prof Yintang Koo Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Prof Joseph Ku College of Chinese Culture, Taipei, Taiwan Prof Anthony Kubek The Troy State University System, Troy, Ala. Prof Peter Lejins University of Maryland, College Park, Md. Prof Charles A Moser The George Washington University, WashingtonD.C. Prof Florent P.J. Peeters State University, Ghent, Belgium Prof Stefan T. Possony Hoover Institution, Stanford, Cal. Prof Edward1. Rozek University of Colorado, Boulder, Colo. Prof Georg Stadtmueller University of Munich, Munich, Germany Prof Dmytro M. Shtohryn University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Ill. Prof Paul Yuzyk, Canadian Senator University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada Prof Oleg Zinam University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio Subscription: Yearly $15.00; Single Copy $3.75 Checks payable to: UKRAINIAN CONGRESS COMMIITEE OF AMERICA, INC. Editorial and Managing Office: THE UKRAINIAN QUARTERLY 203 Second Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10003 Tel.: (212) 228-6840 228-6841 Copyright e 1985 by the Ukrainian Congress Committee of America, Inc. ISSN 0041-6010 CONTENTS The Case of Myroslav Medvid: Chronology, Facts and the American Media YuriiBohatiuk 163 National Discrimination in Ukraine Andrew Sorokowsky 184 The East Janusz Sobczak and PiotrLewicki 196 The Dilemma of East European Trade with the West OlegZinam 207 The Author Is Not Mentioned Ines Axelrod-Rubin 216 Lesia Ukrainka and French Literature Bohdan Romanenchuk : 224 Yakhnenkos and Symyrenko: Innovators in the Ukrainian Sugar Industry ZenonKarpyszyn 232 INMEMOR~AM Walter Dushnyck (1908-1985) 244 Edward O'Connor (1908-1985) 250 BOOK REVIEWS Galicia: A Historical Survey and Bibliographic Guide PaulRobertMagocsi 251 The Genocide of the Armenian People ArmenianReview 253 Poland's Politicized Army: Communists in Uniform George C. Malcher ........ .. .................................. 255 Wladyka Swietojurski: Rzecz 0 arcybiskupie Andrzeju Szeptyckim Edward Prus 255 Energy, Economics and Foreign Policy in the Soviet Union A. Hewett 259 On Freedom 1. A. Howard 260 Wealth and Poverty: Four Christian Views of Economics Robert G. Clouse 262 The Great Powers and Poland, 1919-1945 Jan Karsky 263 CONFERENCES Ukraine During W orld War II (University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, June 4-8, 1985) 267 Mellenium of Ukrainian Christianity, 988-1988 (St. Clement Pope Ukrainian Catholic University at Rome, October 5-8, 1985) 268 Integration Processes of Ukrainian Economy: A Histrorical Perspective (Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, Cambridge, MA, October 25-26, 1985) 268 The Third World Congress for Soviet and East European Studies (Washington, D.C., October 30- November 4, 1985) 269 PERTINENT DOCUMENTS President Reagan Expresses Solidarity With Brave People of Ukraine 271 UCCA Statement on the Case of Myroslav Medvid 272 UCCA Letter to President Reagan 274 U.S. Department of State Replies Regarding M. Medvid 275 A Chronological Account of the Role of the Department of State in the Case of M. Medvid. 276 CHRONICLE OF CURRENT EVENTS 279 UKRAINICA IN AMERICAN & FOREIGN PERIODICALS 290 CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS ISSUE INES AXELROD-RUBIN, researcher, Jerusalem, Israel DR. YURII BOHATIUK, physician and researcher, Montclair, N.J. DR. ZENON KARPYSZYN, Ukrainian Central Information Service, Syracuse, N.Y. DR. BOHDAN ROMANENCHUK, Department of Modern Languages (ret.), Niagara University, Niagara, N.Y. JANUSZ SOBCZAK and PETER LEWICKI (pseud.) "Solidarity" writers. DR. ANDREW SOROKOWSKY, Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute and Keston College, England. DR. OLEG ZINAM, Economics Department, Cincinnati University, Cincinnati, Ohio. THE CASE OF MYROSLAV MEDVID Chronology, Facts and The American Press YURII M. BOHATIUK 1. Introduction On Sunday morning, November 10, 1985, the Soviet grain freighter Marshal Koniev streamed out of U.S. jurisdiction into the Gulf of Mexico. On board was Myroslav Medvid, the 25-year-old Ukrainian sailor whose dreams of freedom and life in an "honest country" were" shattered by the U.S.lmmigration Department which returned him to the very ship he tried to escape - and by the U.S. State Department which determined that he was not defecting and should return to the U.S.S.R. through what was almost certainly an agreement with the Soviets. The "Ukrainian sailor" story generated so much interest that it dominated U.S. television, radio and newspapers for the better part of three-and-a half weeks: from the first reports of a "lost seaman" who was returned to his ship by the Border Patrol- to the State Department's "official" notification a day later and their interviews with the sailor in a "non-threatening environment;" from the startling revelations ofthe INS interpreter who originally spoke to Medvid in his native Ukrainian - through law suits, demonstrations and finally the Senate Agriculture Committee subpoena. The media followed the story closely, reporting and speculating on every new development, only to be as shocked and dismayed as the American Congress and the American people - that the ship with a Soviet defector aboard was given free passage out of the United States. By the time of the ship's departure, the following account of the story had been compiled: Shortly after dusk on Thursday, October 24, 1985, Myroslav Medvid dove off the deck of the Russian grain freighter Marshal Koniev into the icy, hurricane-laden waters of the Mississippi, andswam across the river to reach the shores of Belle Chase, Louisiana. Once on land he meets Wayne and Joseph Wyman, two local jewelers. Though they do not understand his language, they have enough sense to realize 164 The Ukrainian Quarterly that the "terrified" sailor was in the process of defecting. When Joseph Wyman .askshim whether he is Russian, the sailor immediately shakes his head, pounds his chest and says "No, Ukrainian, Ukrainian!" Wyman also hears Medvid say "policia" and "N ovi Orlean" and directs his nephew Wayne to drive the sailor to New Orleans. Moments after they leave, three men confront Joseph Wyman in front of his jewelry story, in search of their "lost comrade" who fell overboard. Realizing that they were Russians pursuing Medvid, Wyman denies having seen the man. Meanwhile, Wayne Wyman and Medvid are on their way to New Orleans. During an unscheduled stop at a shopping mall, Medvid writes the words "policia" and Novi Orlean" on the back of an envelope. He circles "policia" and draws an arrow to "Novi Orlean." In the upper right hand corner ofthe envelope he writes "USSR" and points to it indicating that that was where he was from. At 9:00 p.m. they arrive at the French quarter police station. Medvid gets out ofthe car, thanks Wayne Wyman, apologies for getting his seat wet and says goodbye. The French quarter police turn Medvid over to New Orleans police who place him in the custody of the U.S Border Patrol in Algiers. One of the Border Patrol agents contacts a Ukrainian interpreter in New York who begins the translation. Medvid tells the interpreter that he wants political asylum, and is very afraid of what will happen to him if he is returned. This is acknowledged by the Border Patrol who tell the interpreter that the man will be detained until the morning and that they will call her again. - Moments later however, the Border Patrol agent signs a "remand order" authorizing Medvid's return to the ship. The services of two U.S. agents of the Universal Shipping Agency are recruited and they place Medvid on a launch operated by Raymond Guthrie of Port Ship Services in Belle Chase, La. Realizing he is being returned to the ship, Medvid dives into the water and swims to shore. There he is restrained and handcuffed by the U.S shipping agents and one of the Russians. Medvid starts banging his head against the rocks as the launch returns to the Koniev and enlists the aid of seven more Russians who assault and beat up the "kicking and screaming" sailor and then drag him back to the ship. The State Department is "officially" notified at 3:40 p.m. EST on Friday, October 25. Though State Department officicalsand a Russian interpreter board the ship at 10:00 p.m. that night, they only see the sailor briefly on Saturday afternoon (October 26) at which time an incomplete medical exam is performed by a U.S. Navy doctor. American officials convince the Russians to allow the sailor to be transferred from the Soviet vesselonto a U.S Coast Guard ship so that he can tell his story in "an environment free of Soviet coercion." However this environment includes four Soviets who also board the U.S. cutter and remain with the sailor at all times. Medvid is nauseous on the Coast Guard ship and is transferred to a U.S Naval Facility later that night, where he undergoes another medical examination along with a psychiatric evaluation. He is allowed to sleep The Case ofMyroslav Medvid 165 for six hours with a Soviet KGB "observer" outside his door.
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