Global Sanitation Fund

AUGUST 2011

PROGRESS REPORT AUGUST 2011

Progress Report GLOBAL SANITATION FUND

GSF PROGRESS REPORT, AUGUST 2011

THE GLOBAL SANITATION FUND (GSF) HAS COMMITTED $37.6 MILLION TO ENSURE THAT 11 MILLION PEOPLE HAVE IMPROVED SANITATION OVER THE NEXT FIVE YEARS. FIFTEEN MILLION PEOPLE WILL IMPROVE THEIR LIVES BY LIVING IN A CLEANER, HEALTHIER AND SAFER ENVIRONMENT.

n This report is the first prototype in a series of n Active Implementation Countries, pages 4-15. periodic updates about the Global Sanitation Fund The six countries which have received contractual (GSF) and gives a quantitative and qualititative picture and moral commitments from WSSCC for GSF work of implementation to date. Below you will find a are described in more detail here. For each country, description of the various sections and highlights in the the national results overview is presented, along with report. descriptions of the programme design and other recent news or interesting information. n Results Overview, page 1 (opposite page).This page gives key indicators via a results dashboard n Pending Implementation Countries, pages 16-17. that shows how the GSF is progressing in contracted Four countries -- Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Nigeria and countries to date (12 August 2011) and against Uganda -- are next “in the queue.” In large measure, five-year targets. The countries are Cambodia, India, they have almost completed the necessary planning Madagascar, Malawi, Nepal and Senegal. As other and contractual processes to begin field work. countries launch GSF programmes in the future (ten additional countries are in various stages of n Additional Countries, pages 18-19. Six other preparations for the GSF), their figures will be added countries -- Bangladesh, Kenya, Mali, Pakistan,Tanzania to the overall total. The results overview page also and Togo -- have conducted some preparatory work provides standard references and terminology used and are described here. For the most part, they have throughout the report, and describes the linkages almost completed a Country Programme Proposal, between the different indicators. but additional funding will be required to carry eventual programmes through to fruition. n Other Outcomes, pages 2-3. The preparatory processes for the GSF in various countries have n People Involved, page 20, offers the prespectives themselves generated many positive outcomes. of people involved in, or benefitting from, the Global Among them: improved sector-led sanitation and Sanitation Fund. hygiene programme design processes; greater collaboration and coordination around implementation n How It Works, page 21, provides an overall summary at scale; and concerted attention to people as the of the GSF operational structure. focus and beneficiaries of all of the work. These pages provide some examples.

Cover photo: School girls in Jharkhand, India, Februrary 2011. GLOBAL SANITATION FUND PROGRESS REPORT AUGUST 2011

RESULTS OVERVIEW Results to date in 6 countries – 5-year targets

(data under collection) (data under collection) (data under collection) $4 People with improved People living in open defecation People washing their hands with Average unit cost sanitation free communities soap at critical times $10 - $15

RESULTS RESULTS 11,000,000 15,000,000 8,000,000* INDICATORS

(data under collection) 49 (data under collection) (data under collection) Communities declared open Communities where sanitation Administrative blocks where People targeted by hygiene defecation free demand triggered sanitation marketing has education activities commenced

LEADING 26,050 22,318* 14,000,000*

INDICATORS 768*

6 $15.5m $37.6m 64

Countries with EA & CPM Current commitment (signed) Five-year commitment Sub-grantees selected contracted (projected) PIPELINE INDICATORS

4 6 Additional approved country programme proposals Country programme proposals under preparation [contracting in process] [pending funding] UPCOMING

*Some country target ﬁgures to be conﬁrmed and added to this total.

Results indicators of the GSF programme including health advice and campaigns. The first key results indicator reports people with improved sanitation as per the numbers of “JMP” (1) -- standard sanitation Pipeline indicators facilities, which have been defined as a set of unified, global The processes and systems necessary to implement an effective definitions that describe the facility. Lifestyle changes and and efficient global fund are indicators that represent programme benefits beyond the facility depend upon other aspects, such as scope, preparedness and potential. The contracting of an construction quality, actual use, cleanliness and maintenance, etc. The number of people living in open defecation free Executing Agency (EA) and Country Programme Monitor (CPM) communities helps represent the GSF working at scale, as a indicates that implementation of an approved country programme milestone step in people achieving improved sanitation. The has started. The financial commitments made both legally (for externalities of sanitation mean that health and other benefits, two-years) and morally (for five-years) show funds invested in though significant in the process, only truly accrue once 100% programmes to date. Sub-grantees selected reports the number access and usage is achieved, which is the ultimate aim of the of organizations competitively selected and carrying out GSF field GSF. People washing their hands with soap at critical times is work. a key indicator of fundamental hygiene practice. The average unit cost indicator measures the per capita investment and is Upcoming calculated by the five-year cost of the programme (2) divided by The GSF receives much demand for it to work in many countries the five-year target number of people with improved sanitation. where sanitation needs are great. The GSF prepares the pipeline A standard sanitation sector benchmark is $15 per person. of country programme proposals and within the funds available, Leading indicators approves country programme proposals and initiates contracting The leading indicators, like steps on a ladder, directly lead to processes to appoint an Executing Agency and Country the achievement of the key results. They are most closely linked Programme Monitor. to the programmatic activities of sub-grantees implementing parts of the country programme. The number of communities where sanitation demand triggering occurred directly impacts how many are eventually declared Open Defecation Free, itself 1. WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply and Sanitation. Toilet types which safely and hygienically separate faecal supported in part by the number of administrative blocks where matter from human contact can, according to JMP, include flush toilet, sanitation marketing has commenced. People exposed to hygiene piped sewer system, septic tank, flush/pour flush to pit latrine, Ventilated education activities includes the population living in the target improved pit latrine (VIP), pit latrine with slab, composting toilet. 2. The cost of the programme for unit cost reporting includes programme areas of the programme who are reached by at least one element set up, preparation, implementation and central WSSCC costs.

1 GLOBAL SANITATION FUND

OTHER OUTCOMES

THE GSF IMPLEMENTATION IS HAVING A WIDE IMPACT IN THE SANITATION AND HYGIENE SECTORS OF THE PARTNER COUNTRIES. IN PARTICULAR, IT IS HELPING TO IMPROVE SECTOR- LED SANITATION AND HYGIENE PROGRAMME DESIGN PROCESSES, ACHIEVING RESULTS AT SCALE THROUGH COLLABORATIVE AND COORDINATED MECHANISMS, AND IS TAKING A PEOPLE- CENTRED APPROACH THAT IS FOCUSED ON SUSTAINABLE CHANGE.

Sector-led design processes

GSF is supporting the implementation of national Achieving results at scale sanitation policies, with nation-wide consultation through collaborative and processes. For example, the GSF insists upon a coordinated implementation consultative process involving a full range of stakeholders to design a Country Programme Proposal (CPP) that Integrated sanitation and hygiene programmes is acceptable to all. Most Programme Coordinating addressing demand and supply elements are Mechanisms (PCMs) have welcomed this as a concrete critical for GSF work. Almost all of the countries way of achieving consensus on how to implement are seeking to combine approaches and encourage government policy on sanitation and hygiene. Some collaboration by implementing agencies in order to work countries, like Malawi and Uganda, said that they had a at scale and to achieve lasting results. In Madagascar policy but no funds to implement it; GSF funds help. region-wide programmes will engage the cooperation of

all NGOs and local governments in the region to secure a GSF is engaging multi-stakeholder mechanisms to consistent approach that reinforces the work of others. harness wide knowledge and skills, including from health, education and wider sector representatives. GSF supports “going beyond the village.” PCMs Most PCMs have sought to include other sectors in the are encouraged to design programmes that address coordination effort in order to share experience and complete administrative units in order to secure political coordinate efforts in target areas. support at the highest level. This is a clear part of the strategy in Cambodia, Nepal and Nigeria among others. Emerging and proven approaches are being identified and supported by GSF. Some countries There is a strong leadership role for local already know what approaches they wish to scale government, and to leverage resources. Several up. Others recognize the need to combine proven countries, including Ethiopia, Nepal, Malawi, Nigeria approaches and demonstrate that a combined approach and Uganda plan to use local government as a key is even better in their own context. implementing agent since sanitation and hygiene is an important part of their mandate. They often have staff Looking beyond its own programme, GSF is without sufficient resources; the GSF programme will facilitating an environment for a sector wide supply finance and encourage taking responsibility to fulfil approach. Several PCMs have embraced the challenge their mandate both now and in the long term. to think and plan “at scale” and have used the GSF planning process to propose national plans aiming at GSF recognizes the role of the private sector. Most 100% coverage. Madagascar has a strategy to roll out programme proposals foresee the need to encourage the programme to each of its 22 regions. Nigeria is or improve private sector service delivery. Cambodia seeking ways to leverage significant inter-governmental and Tanzania will build upon recent successful sanitation financial flows to support programmes in many more programmes pioneered by the World Bank Water and states. Sanitation Programme (WSP). In Senegal small-scale

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service providers will include pit emptiers, for example. People centred approach focused at sustainable change approaches that focus on behaviour change and reduce GSF is engaging civil society as a key partner in dependence on hardware subsidies, but it will take time for design and implementation. The programme design all funders to adjust to this. in India, among others, beneﬁted from the input of experienced NGOs active in the sector. Other NGOs GSF strengthens and develops existing government will work alongside government when implementing the structures to ensure long-term support and programme. monitoring. Ethiopia, Malawi, Nepal and Uganda all plan to place local government at the centre of their GSF ensures totality by targeting the poorest, programmes. excluded and most vulnerable groups. Working at scale presupposes a commitment to including even the most marginalized. Malawi will explore micro-ﬁnance possibilities, India has a government support system for the very poor, and Uganda has prior experience of community action to support the poorest in a village.

There is a focus on leading with behaviour change and reducing reliance on hardware subsidies. Several country PCMs, for example in Madagascar and Cambodia, see the GSF grant as an opportunity to concentrate on

The ﬁrst Global Sanitation Fund-supported Community-Led Total Sanitation training was held in June 2011 in the village of Antanandava in the district of Vavatenina, Madagascar. The training was organized by the NGO sub-grantee ASOS.

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CAMBODIA

Cambodia is a leader in sanitation marketing, which is a key component of the national Global Sanitation Fund programme in the country.

PROGRAMME areas gain better access to sanitation sanitation services for 30% of the rural and improve their hygiene practices. population by 2015. Another objective Cambodia’s rural population is very of the programme is to support the tradition-bound, and open defecation is The Executing Agency (EA), Plan development and the strengthening of commonly accepted. However, recent International Cambodia, will disburse the technical capacities in government, efforts to introduce new sanitation approximately $5.09 million over local authorities and local NGOs in promotion and improved hygiene the next five years to sub-grantees promoting improved sanitation. practices into communities have resulted for projects and programmes that in emerging indications of behaviour raise awareness and create demand The programme will not introduce change. for sanitation. The GSF programme hardware subsidies, focusing instead on the latest “software” approaches. Such approaches include Community-Led THE FOCUS OF THE PROGRAMME, OFFICIALLY CALLED THE Total Sanitation; school and community CAMBODIA RURAL SANITATION AND HYGIENE IMPROVEMENT WASH programmes; Information, PROGRAMME (CR-SHIP), IS PREDOMINANTLY RURAL Education and Communication (IEC) COMMUNITIES IN THE PLAINS AND COASTAL REGIONS OF tools; Behaviour Change Communication THE COUNTRY. (BCC) campaigns; and sanitation marketing. Government offices, local authorities, community leaders, local The National Coordinating Mechanism is designed to promote sustainable NGOs and international NGOs will be key in Cambodia, with members from the practices of the following three key implementers of programme activities. government, development partners hygiene behaviors: consistent use and international NGOs, has developed of latrines; hand washing with soap The programme in Cambodia has five jointly The Cambodia Rural Sanitation and drinking only safe water in rural components: 1) sanitation and hygiene and Hygiene improvement Programme communities. promotion; 2) capacity building; 3) (CR-SHIP) to promote sanitation and advocacy work; 4) documentation, hygiene in the rural areas of the country. Currently, improved rural coverage evaluation, and dissemination of lessons The GSF will support the government stands at 23% and the programme learned; and 5) coordination through the in mobilizing resources to do advocacy aims to contribute to reaching National Coordinating Mechanisms and work, helping Cambodians in the target Cambodia’s MDG target of increased Audits.

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EXTRA TEXTURE

The programme was launched in The programme is focusing March of this year. geographically on: a) the rural areas of the plains; and b) the coastal geographical The Executing Agency, Plan regions of the country. International Cambodia, will disburse $5.09 million over five years to sub- The overall programme target is grantees for projects and programmes that 2,000 rural villages in an estimated 360 raise awareness and create demand. rural communes in 100 districts that have less than 50% sanitation coverage at the The first call for sub-grantees household level. proposal took place in June 2011. Sub- grantee signings are scheduled to take The programme will directly benefit at place in October 2011 with about six small least 400,000 households in rural areas FACTS grants and two large ones focusing on of Cambodia and will reach about 1 million CLTS, WASH and school-based sanitation households in the target areas. TOTAL POPULATION (HDR) 15.05 million and hygiene promotion activities.

IMPROVED SANITATION COVERAGE (JMP) Total: 29%, Urban: 67%, Rural: 23.2%

POPULATION WITHOUT ACCESS TO SAFE SANITATION (JMP) 10.4 million

UNDER 5 MORTALITY RATE (WHO) 88/1000

% OF UNDER 5 DEATHS CAUSED BY DIARRHOEA (WHO) 7%

GDP PER CAPITA (WB) $818 per annum GSF programme launch, Phnom Penh, March 2011.

CAMBODIA RESULTS Results to date – 5-year targets

(data under collection) (data under collection) (data under collection) People washing their hands with People with improved People living in open defecation Unit cost for improved sanitation* sanitation free communities soap at critical times $10

RESULTS RESULTS 800,000 1,200,000 tbc INDICATORS

(data under collection) (data under collection) (data under collection) (data under collection) Communities declared open Communities where sanitation Administrative blocks where People targeted by hygiene defecation free demand triggered sanitation marketing has education activities commenced LEADING 1,200 2,000 1,000,000 INDICATORS 100

$3m $6.5m In process Current commitment (signed) Five-year commitment Sub-grantees selected (projected) PIPELINE INDICATORS

*Based on the cost of the programme, including the ﬁve year commitment for programme set up, preparation, implementation, plus apportioned central WSSCC costs, divided by the target number of people with improved sanitation.

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INDIA

School children in a village in Jharkhand, India, February 2011.

PROGRAMME that emphasize education, information targeted districts. and communication, while eschewing The Global Sanitation Fund (GSF) is household sanitation subsidies. Lessons from implementation of aiming to collaborate closely with the improved sanitation and hygiene at scale Indian Government’s Total Sanitation The programme has three objectives: in under-served locations are expected Campaign (TSC) to raise the level of to contribute to sustainable sanitation to encourage strengthened state-level sanitation awareness for up to eight use and hygiene behaviour at scale; institutions to adapt and scale-up similar million people in the states of Assam and to develop capacity for sustainable approaches state-wide. As well, it is Jharkhand.The key state and civil society promotion of improved sanitation and expected that the lessons will inform stakeholders in Assam and Jharkhand hygiene; and to promote a culture the communication and advocacy agendas of state and national-level multi-stakeholder coalitions to inﬂ uence THE GSF ADDS VALUE BY COMPLEMENTING THE ALREADY sector policy and practice. SIGNIFICANT INVESTMENT OF THE GOVERNMENT TO THE SANITATION AND HYGIENE SECTOR. THE NEED NOW IS TO The ultimate goal is to achieve FOCUS ON SUSTAINING THE GAINS ACHIEVED AND MAKING sustainable open defecation free PROGRESS IN AREAS WHERE IMPACT HAS BEEN LIMITED. communities and tangible health beneﬁ ts. The programme supports scaling up and the replication of proven welcomed WSSCC as a neutral agent of continuous learning among all approaches. After competitive and to assist, strengthen and improve TSC stakeholders. open procurement processes, WSSCC interventions in those states via the selected KPMG as the GSF Country Global Sanitation Fund. The stakeholders The objectives are mutually reinforcing. Programme Monitor (CPM) and NRMC expect the GSF to contribute to technical Using a combination of demand creation India Private Ltd as the Executing support and wider learning among both (such as Community-Led Total Sanitation, Agency (EA). Since December 2010, state level stakeholders. or CLTS) and supply side approaches the EA has been working to develop its (such as sanitation marketing) the GSF procedural manuals and implementation The GSF’s approach to sanitation is aims to contribute to demand creation plans. The next major milestone will philosophically similar to that of the TSC, for sanitation, hygiene promotion, come when the EA calls for proposals of i.e. use of “soft” sanitation methods and awareness generation among the sub-grantees to work on the ground.

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EXTRA TEXTURE The Chief Minister in Assam on June 19 called sanitation a top priority for The GSF’s Programme Coordinating his state. Mr. Tarun Gogoi, the Chief Mechanism, a group of local and Minister, emphasized the strong foundation international NGOs, international that sanitation laid for wider sustainable agencies and donors, has designed the development. programme and will continue to provide strategic guidance and support during the Just under 200 organizations implementation of the GSF in India. responded to a sub-grantee call for expressions of interest by 5 July, and sub- The GSF intervention aims to stimulate grantees are expected to be selected and momentum for improvement in sanitation signed by the end of September 2011. and hygiene behaviour in three districts in both Assam and Jharkhand. FACTS

TOTAL POPULATION (HDR) 1.2 billion

IMPROVED SANITATION COVERAGE (JMP) Total: 31%, Urban: 54%, Rural: 21%

POPULATION WITHOUT ACCESS TO SAFE SANITATION (JMP) 841 million

UNDER 5 MORTALITY RATE (WHO) 66/1000

% OF UNDER 5 DEATHS CAUSED BY DIARRHOEA (WHO) 13% Chief Minister Mr. Tarun Gogoi in Assam, India, praised the GSF and says GDP PER CAPITA sanitation is a high priority for his government. $1200 per annum

INDIA RESULTS Results to date – 5-year targets

(data under collection) (data under collection) (data under collection) People with improved People living in open defecation People washing their hands Unit cost for improved sanitation* sanitation free communities with soap at critical times $1

RESULTS RESULTS 6,000,000 7,500,000 tbc INDICATORS

INDICATORS 2000 tbc tbc tbc

$2.6m $6.2m 10 Current commitment (signed) Five-year commitment Sub-grantees selected (projected) PIPELINE INDICATORS

7 GLOBAL SANITATION FUND

MADAGASCAR

Happy, successful ﬁ rst round sub-grantee representatives in Madagascar during the contract awarding ceremony in May 2011.

PROGRAMME and create a ripple effect in the country (MCDI), an international NGO that as a whole. The aim is to eliminate the has been working in Madagascar The Madagascar programme focuses practice of open defecation, to engage since 1996, is the Executing on hygiene education, raising awareness institutional and private actors for the Agency responsible for programme and demand creation in order to have long term in promoting sustainable administration and implementation. an impact on a national scale. The sanitation, and to spread successful FTHM Consulting, a Malagasy auditing programme is designed to provide and innovative approaches in improving fi rm, has been selected as the GSF a signifi cant number of grants at the sanitation and hygiene. Country Programme Monitor (CPM). regional level in order to maximize the Fund’s geographic reach in the country. This regional approach will combine The CPM works to ensure accountability for both programme fi nances and technical results. To date, 11 national GRANTS AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL MAXIMIZE GEOGRAPHIC IMPACT NGOs have been awarded a total of IN MADAGASCAR; THE EXPERIENCE OF THE EXCUTING AGENCY three larger regional and 10 support MCDI HAS ENABLED THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TRANSPARENT grants. SYSTEM TO DISTRIBUTE GLOBAL SANITATION FUNDS TO SUB- GRANTEES. Since the programme launched a year ago, the Programme Coordinating Mechanism (PCM) has been successful Nine regions are being selected for large promotion of hygiene, Community- in fostering sector collaboration to grants in three funding rounds designed Led Total Sanitation, and sanitation address the sanitation situation on to fi rst demonstrate the approach, marketing. The vision for the selected a national scale and in providing then achieve geographic balance on a regions is to attain “open defecation continuous strategic guidance for national scale, and fi nally, encourage free” status, as well as to have the programme. The PCM includes all regions to implement their own communities with a sanitation budget, representatives from three ministries, programmes. In addition to the large capacity for hygiene promotion, and national and international NGOs, the regional grants, a number of smaller access to a vibrant private sector that is private sector, and bilateral and UN support grants are being awarded to providing improved sanitation. agencies. organizations in adjacent regions in order to scale up their existing activities Medical Care Development International

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EXTRA TEXTURE of Vakinankaratra include village-level sanitation action planning and capacity In May 2011 GSF sub-grantees in building and training. Madagascar were announced, the ﬁrst for a country programme. They are: The NGO SALFA received two separate small support grants in the region of ASOS, a national NGO, received a grant Haute Matsiatra, in the amounts of of $399,679 over four years, and key $21,303.04 (for work in the Ivoamba and activities in the region of Analanjirofo will Ambalamahasoa districts) and $21,071 (for include CLTS implementation, creation of a work in the Mahatsinjony and Ambalakely “SaniMarket,” and more. districts), respectively, over one year. Key activities include implementation and A consortium of three NGOs -- Ny promotion of sanitation and latrine retail Tanintsika, IP and SAF FJKM, received and supply outlets, and capacity building of a grant of $395,270 over four years, and small suppliers of sanitation equipment. FACTS key activities in the region of Amoron’imania include involving grassroots committees in The NGO Association Ainga received TOTAL POPULATION (HDR) 20.7 million promoting basic sanitation at the household a small support grant of $20,958 over one level, and sanitation product marketing. year. Key activities in the region of Alaotra IMPROVED SANITATION COVERAGE (JMP) Mangoro include training of community Total: 11%, Urban: 15%, Rural: The Malagasy Red Cross received a members, facilitators and natural leaders. 10% grant of $371,348 over four years. Key activities in the region of Menabe include A consortium of three NGOs – POPULATION WITHOUT ACCESS TO CLTS implementation and conducting Fandrosoana, Tolotanana, SAF FJKM SAFE SANITATION (JMP) an inventory of existing providers and – received a small support grant in the 17.3 million infrastructure for basic sanitation. amount of $20,906 over one year, and key activities in the region of Alaotra Mangoro UNDER 5 MORTALITY RATE (WHO) The NGO Caritas received a small include community planning and diagnosis 58/1000 support grant of $23,850 over two years. and CLTS implementation. Key activities in the region of Vakinankaratra % OF UNDER 5 DEATHS CAUSED BY include awareness-raising, mass media Second funding round sub-grantees DIARRHOEA (WHO) campaigns, and stakeholder mobilization. have been selected and will start work on 21% the ground during the month of September. The NGO Miarintsoa received a The third round of funding will be launched GDP PER CAPITA small support grant of $20,960 over in December 2011. $488 per annum one year, and key activities in the region

MADAGASCAR RESULTS Results to date – 5-year targets

(data under collection) (data under collection) (data under collection) People washing their hands People with improved People living in open defecation Unit cost for improved sanitation* with soap at critical times sanitation free communities $4 RESULTS RESULTS 1,000,000 INDICATORS 2,000,000 3,500,000

(data under collection) 49 (data under collection) (data under collection) Communities declared open Communities where sanitation Administrative blocks where People targeted by hygiene sanitation marketing has defecation free demand triggered commenced education activities

LEADING 12,000 20,000 350 5,000,000 INDICATORS

$2.5m $6.4m 18 Current commitment (signed) Five-year commitment Sub-grantees selected (projected) PIPELINE INDICATORS

9 GLOBAL SANITATION FUND

MALAWI

The Government of Malawi and its Ministry of Irrigation and Water Development, together with WSSCC, launched the GSF in the country in December 2010.

PROGRAMME sharing and networking of sector actors t A concentrated effort to decrease to build wider capacity, and in order to open defecation and increase The GSF programme in Malawi will focus disseminate best practices. the use of improved sanitation on six districts in three regions and and hygiene. This will be done by includes a focus on Community-Led Total While the GSF programme focuses triggering villages in six districts Sanitation (CLTS) as well as sanitation primarily on activities at the community with CLTS and follow-up visits, with marketing and the mobilization of micro- and household levels, public institutions the support of sanitation marketing finance institutions for sanitation. The are also included. Primary schools form and hygiene promotion. overall goal is to reduce open defecation an important means of disseminating t Sanitation and hygiene campaigns and to increase access to improved messages in the programme. Not only will include the development of a national IEC effort and promotion of private sector investment in hygiene IN MALAWI, THE ARRIVAL OF THE GSF PROGRAMME SERVED AS AN and sanitation. IMPETUS TO ESTABLISH A NATIONAL SANITATION AND HYGIENE t Capacity building for government, COORDINATION UNIT (NSHCU) AS PER THE GOVERNMENT’S community organizations, and the NATIONAL SANITATION POLICY. private sector. There will be district- level training for NGOs, teachers and learners, with a special focus on excluded people. sanitation and safe hygiene practices. is 25% of the Malawi population of t The GSF programme will focus primary school going age, schools are on developing strong district-level To support and build on the success of considered as “learning centres” from investment plans. the district-level initiatives, the GSF will which ideas and practices can originate. t Documenting and disseminating support the development of a national Issues of equity and inclusion will be lessons from the GSF and give Hygiene and Sanitation Information, given specific emphasis, to ensure that support to the NSHCU and regional Education, and Communication (IEC) excluded and marginalized people also WASH networks. strategy, and associated materials benefit from the programme’s outcomes. and tools. These IEC materials will be Plan International Malawi has been rolled out across the country for wider The $5 million/5-year programme in selected as the Executing Agency and impact. It will establish and strengthen Malawi has five components: PricewaterhouseCoopers is the Country regional WASH coalitions for knowledge Programme Monitor.

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EXTRA TEXTURE to support the plans and contribute towards the sanitation and hygiene targets of Local The Global Sanitation Fund (GSF) Government bodies, as well as engage with programme in Malawi continues to move other development partners at the district forward strongly, with the latest milestone level to enhance synergies. coming 29 July 2011. That date saw the signing of sub-grantees following the ﬁrst Plan Malawi, GSF’s Executing Agency, will funding round. The agreements that have support these organizations to commence been entered into are for between 2 and 4 their work on the ground. In the coming years, and total nearly USD 2 million (38% months, Plan Malawi will also be putting out of the total GSF grant). a further Request for Proposals to look for additional sub-grantees to complement the The following four organizations and one initial grants and contribute further towards consortium were selected for funding: the objectives and targets of the GSF programme in Malawi. FACTS t Canadian Physicians for Aid and Relief t Centre for Integrated Community On 23 May, during the state opening TOTAL POPULATION (HDR) Development of the 2011/2012 budget meeting 15.3 million t Concern Universal of parliament in Lilongwe, President IMPROVED SANITATION COVERAGE (JMP) t Training Support for Partners Professor Bingu wa Mutharika singled Total: 56%, Urban: 51%, Rural: t Water for People Malawi, Fresh Water out the country’s new WSSCC-funded Global and CCAP Synod of Livingstonia Sanitation Fund (GSF) programme for the 57% Development Department support it will provide for implementation of POPULATION WITHOUT ACCESS TO (Consortium) the country’s national sanitation policy. SAFE SANITATION (JMP) These organizations will work across all 6 of the GSF’s focus districts: Chikhwawa, 5.6 million Balaka, Nkhotakota, Ntchisi, Phalombe, and UNDER 5 MORTALITY RATE (WHO) Rumphi. Two of the grants are focused in 110/1000 two districts and the other three in just one district. The GSF programme design in % OF UNDER 5 DEATHS CAUSED BY Malawi emphasizes collaborative working DIARRHOEA (WHO) modalities at the District level, in order to better coordinate interventions and 12% President Professor Bingu wa leverage skills and resources. As a result, GDP PER CAPITA GSF’s sub-grantees will be working closely Mutharika highlighted the important $161 per annum role of the GSF in his country.

MALAWI RESULTS Results to date – 5-year targets

(data under collection) (data under collection) (data under collection)

People with improved People living in open defecation People washing their hands with Unit cost for improved sanitation* free communities sanitation soap at critical times $8 RESULTS RESULTS

INDICATORS 1,060,000 1,200,000 tbc

(data under collection) (data under collection) (data under collection) (data under collection) Communities declared open Communities where sanitation Administrative blocks where People targeted by hygiene sanitation marketing has defecation free demand triggered commenced education activities LEADING

INDICATORS 3,600 tbc tbc tbc

$2.7m $6.4m 12 Current commitment (signed) Five-year commitment Sub-grantees selected (projected) PIPELINE INDICATORS

11 GLOBAL SANITATION FUND

NEPAL

The GSF has targeted 225 village development committees (VDCs) and four municipalities from ﬁve districts, including an additional municipality from Kailali District.

PROGRAMME hygiene practices in a programme strengthened monitoring systems target population of approximately in all 75 districts in line with the The GSF programme in Nepal will 1,750,000. The programme will government’s Master Plan on support sanitation and hygiene reach all Village Development Hygiene and Sanitation. promotion in five rural districts and Committees (VDCs), approximately t To record and use lessons learned several small towns using a combination 200, and four municipalities in to support the scaling up in other of Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) the five targeted districts (and districts, and focus on strategies and sanitation marketing approaches. a fifth municipality in the Kailali for accelerating progress towards In addition, the GSF will also provide District). The primary channel for national and MDG sanitation targets. support to the sector activities in three accomplishing this will be through There has been discussion in Nepal about moving to a Sector Wider THE NATIONAL GSF PROGRAMME IN NEPAL WAS LAUNCHED IN Approach (SWAp) in water and sanitation. OCTOBER 2010 IN KATHMANDU, AND THE EXECUTING AGENCY The government established a Sector UN-HABITAT HAS SELECTED 17 SUB-GRANTEES. Efficiency Improvement Unit (SEIU) to support this process. In each district the programme supports the District Water and Sanitation Coordination Committees to develop plans to achieve other model districts. In September the use of demand creation total sanitation coverage. 2010, UN-Habitat was appointed as approaches, such as Community- Executing Agency. It has strong links Led Total Sanitation and effective One of SEIU’s key roles is monitoring, to the national government and its communication campaigns, and and the GSF will support the relationship with UNICEF provides also supply side approaches. development and implementation of access to further technical support. t To strengthen the capacity of their vision for sector monitoring in the district, VDC, municipality, school programme’s focus districts. The GSF The programme has four main aspects: and non-governmental organization will also support the localization of the (NGO) personnel. National Hygiene and Sanitation Master t To achieve Open Defecation Free t To support the development Plan across all 75 districts through (ODF) status and adopt good of sector strategies and regional interactions and orientations.

12 PROGRESS REPORT AUGUST 2011

EXTRA TEXTURE of stakeholders at all levels, strengthen national sanitation sector strategies and In April 2011 the GSF Executing Agency record and use lessons learned to support in the country, UN-Habitat, arranged a ﬁrst the scaling up in other districts focusing orientation workshop for potential sub- on strategies for accelerating progress grantees. towards national and MDG targets.

The GSF programme in Nepal will reach In order to achieve the objectives, the five districts, one from each “development GSF programme is working closely with region” of Nepal, and will also cover the local partners, including central and local three ecological regions of “mountains,” government bodies, potential sub-grantees “hills” and Plains. The GSF has targeted 225 and sector stakeholders. Twenty-seven village development committees (VDCs) and potential sub-grantees have been short- four municipalities from these five districts, listed through a call for expression of including an additional municipality from interest. A request for proposals has FACTS Kailali District. been issued for 11 sub-grants under the different components for the Bajura and TOTAL POPULATION (HDR) During a meeting of the National Bardiya Districts and Tikapur and Gulariya 28 million Coordinating Body (NCB) for the GSF Municipalities for the first funding round. IMPROVED SANITATION COVERAGE (JMP) in Nepal in early January, the five focus Total: 31%, Urban: 51%, Rural: districts were selected based on set A two-day orientation workshop took criteria. The districts selected are Bajura, place 20-21 April 2011 prior to proposal 27% Bardiya, Arghakhanchi, Sindhupalchock and submission for the shortlisted sub- Sunsari. Similarly the municipalities which grantees in Kathmandu. The objective POPULATION WITHOUT ACCESS TO SAFE SANITATION (JMP) the GSF will work in are Dharan, Gulariya, of the workshop was to provide a basic Inaruwa, Itahari and Tikapur. In addition, understanding of the GSF and sanitation 20.6 million the GSF also aims to support the three sector activities and to clarify more on sanitation model districts of Chitwan, Kaski the pertinent issues. NCB members, the UNDER 5 MORTALITY RATE (WHO) 48/1000 and Tanahun that are driving to achieve total Country Programme Monitor (CPM) and sanitation coverage. other concerned stakeholders, including % OF UNDER 5 DEATHS CAUSED BY donors, were also invited on the occasion DIARRHOEA (WHO) The GSF programme aims to stimulate in order to strengthen sector collaboration 17% community action for achieving open and coordination. defecation free status through demand- GDP PER CAPITA driven approaches, develop capacity $465 per annum

NEPAL RESULTS Results to date – 5-year targets

(data under collection) (data under collection) (data under collection) People with improved People living in open defecation People washing their hands with Unit cost for improved sanitation* free communities soap at critical times sanitation $6 RESULTS RESULTS 1,250,000 1,275,200 tbc INDICATORS

(data under collection) (data under collection) (data under collection) (data under collection) Communities declared open Communities where sanitation Administrative blocks where People targeted by hygiene sanitation marketing has defecation free demand triggered commenced education activities

LEADING 7,000 tbc tbc tbc INDICATORS

$2.5m $6m 17 Current commitment (signed) Five-year commitment Sub-grantees selected (projected) PIPELINE INDICATORS

13 GLOBAL SANITATION FUND

SENEGALSENEGAL

One aim of the GSF programme in Senegal is to raise awareness of good hygiene practices.

PROGRAMME Bakel, Kaffrine, Vélingara and Sédhiou. building for local government leaders, and strengthening of the sanitation In Senegal, the GSF has entered into its The programme also builds on existing supply chain. Therefore, for target “inception” phase, during which manuals hygiene promotion programmes to help audiences, the Global Sanitation Fund of procedures, are being prepared by expand already successful efforts. programme will: the Executing Agency, through which sub-grantees for the GSF Programme Thus in total the GSF will concentrate t Increase the use of participatory will be identifi ed. about 75% of its resources in rural areas techniques such as Community- and 25% in peri-urban areas. In the Led Total Sanitation to end open Senegal’s Ministry for Urbanisation and former, the focus will be on information, defection and create demand for toilets t Improve sanitation services for GLOBAL SANITATION FUND (GSF) PARTNERS HAVE CONTINUED communities that have received ROLLING OUT THEIR NATIONAL PROGRAMME IN SENEGAL. IN little or no national or international EARLY 2011, THE EXECUTING AGENCY, AGETIP, CONDUCTED sanitation support ORIENTATION SESSIONS IN REGIONS THROUGHOUT THE t Raise awareness of good hygiene COUNTRY WHERE SUB-GRANTEE ACTION IS EXPECTED. practices t Reduce diarrhoeal disease, and t Increase schooling for girls. Sanitation has made improved access education and communication materials to the sanitation sector a priority in its development, demand creation, and Over the last 1.5 years, the GSF fi ght to reduce poverty. GSF funds will sanitation and hygiene promotion. In programme’s development has involved therefore be used to promote sanitation peri-urban areas, it will support private a number of stakeholders, and there are and hygiene in several remote regions sector efforts to improve access to many in the country. These key players (3 out of 14 regions in the country) sanitation services. include technical partners (PEPAM, WSP, and small urban centres, along with a etc.), fi nancial partners (UNICEF, etc.), general hygiene promotion programme. In general, the GSF is working to the private sector (AEPA, etc.), and These include the rural areas of establish an enabling environment for governmental institutions (Ministry of Tambacounda, Sédhiou and Kaffrine, and promotion of sanitation and hygiene Town Planning, Ministry of Health, etc.). the small urban centers of Kédougou, practices, advocacy and awareness

14 PROGRESS REPORT AUGUST 2011

EXTRA TEXTURE safe sanitation and practice good hygiene. National sanitation coverage in Senegal has In early 2011, the Executing Agency improved from 33 to 51% between 1990 AGETIP conducted orientation sessions in and 2008 (Joint Monitoring Programme) regions throughout the country where sub- with an increase from 53 to 69% in urban grantees are expected to be working. areas and 19 to 38% in rural areas. According to AGETIP, this progression The sessions gathered local authorities to suggests that Senegal could reach the inform them about GSF, how it will work in Millennium Development Goal target for their region and prepare potential sub- sanitation in urban areas, while it will miss it grantees to be ready when the application in the rural ones. process opens later this year. Says Moussa Diara, AGETIP’s General When selected and signed, the Director, “The Fund is unique and the sub-grantees – NGOs, community groups sanitation situation can improve quickly FACTS and companies, for example – will conduct with the right kind of efforts. To make real targeted sanitation and hygiene promotion, progress in sanitation, we must listen to TOTAL POPULATION (HDR) marketing and awareness raising. Senegal the needs of the people and support their 12.3 million was the second Global Sanitation Fund desire and ability to find human and financial IMPROVED SANITATION COVERAGE (JMP) (GSF) to be launched in 2010, whereby solutions of their own to this very private Total: 51%, Urban: 69%, Rural: WSSCC committed $5 million over five matter.” years in order to help more people attain 38%

POPULATION WITHOUT ACCESS TO SAFE SANITATION (JMP) 8.9 million

UNDER 5 MORTALITY RATE (WHO) 93/1000

% OF UNDER 5 DEATHS CAUSED BY DIARRHOEA (WHO) 14%

GDP PER CAPITA $1088 per annum GSF launch and orientation for potential sub-grantees in the region of Diourbel, Senegal, February 2011.

SENEGAL RESULTS Results to date – 5-year targets

(data under collection) (data under collection) (data under collection) People with improved People living in open defecation People washing their hands with Unit cost for improved sanitation* sanitation free communities soap at critical times $25 RESULTS RESULTS tbc

INDICATORS 300,000 500,000

(data under collection) (data under collection) (data under collection) (data under collection) Administrative blocks where Communities declared open Communities where sanitation People targeted by hygiene sanitation marketing has defecation free demand triggered commenced education activities LEADING INDICATORS 250 318 318 1,000,000

$2.1m $6.1m 7 Current commitment (signed) Five-year commitment Sub-grantees selected (projected) PIPELINE INDICATORS

15 GLOBAL SANITATION FUND

BURKINA FASO

PROGRAMME concentrate its efforts in two regions of EXTRA TEXTURE the country, Centre Nord and Cascades. The Country Programme Proposal is CLTS in Burkina Faso will feature currently being ﬁnalized, and if approved The programme will focus on motivating proven community-led approaches to stop and funds are available the programme and creating access to basic and open defecation. These include improved should commence in late 2011. Working improved sanitation facilities at rural sanitation and hygiene products and services with the Programme Coordinating household and community levels, and community-based sanitation and hygiene Mechanism consisting of national and encouraging and supporting access to monitoring systems. The programme will also local governments, NGOs and private improved sanitation and hygiene facilities include behaviour change promotion focusing sector partners, the GSF programme in primary schools in the target areas, on key hygiene behaviours. design aims to support community-led and inducing hygiene behavior change non-subsidized approaches to sanitation among rural communities. The GSF programme will also include improvement in Burkina Faso. IEC for sanitation and hygiene promotion at national and regional levels and during The approaches that will be promoted These approaches are intended to national events. Manuals and guidelines on include Community-Led Total Sanitation increase sanitation access, particularly methods to improve sanitation and hygiene (CLTS); Information, Education, and among poor households and will be developed or improved. Communication (IEC) materials; communities in the rural areas. Local behaviour change communication; authorities, community leaders and and sanitation marketing. The GSF will NGOs implement activities.

ETHIOPIA

PROGRAMME The strategy focuses on three main EXTRA TEXTURE areas of hygiene promotion: toilet use, The government’s National Hygiene and hand washing and keeping water safe The Government of Ethiopia has Sanitation Task Force is developing a and stresses a zero-subsidy approach 32,000 health workers in the country, many Country Programme Proposal to deﬁne toward household sanitation. In the past of whom would be mobilized to help support GSF work in the country, which should few years, advances toward the national GSF programme implemention in the country. commence in late 2011. Meanwhile, sanitation goal have included formulation the Ministry of Health is developing of the regulation for waste management, Many of them work through Community its management proposal, which, if collection and disposal at the regional Health Clubs, which are used with great effect approved, will act as Executing Agency, level; training and deployment of health in places like Ethiopia and Zimbabwe to bring and the Country Programme Monitor will extension workers; better networks about a change in attitude and behaviour be in place soon. among health actors; and increased on sanitation and hygiene. In Zimbabwe sanitation coverage. Sanitation is community health clubs have attracted some The GSF’s grant of $5 million over ﬁve gaining more attention among decision- 13,000 voluntary members and studies years will support the government’s makers and good practices are being indicate a positive impact on up to 17 key National Hygiene and Sanitation Strategy recognized. Open-defecation-free villages sanitation and hygienic practices. and its goal: “to pave the path for are being recognized and rewarded. all people to have access to basic Community-Led Total Sanitation is A similar approach to integrated health sanitation and reach 100 per cent gaining acceptance among many actors, and sanitation programming exists in Ethiopia, coverage by 2012.” including government. and can be linked to GSF programming.

16 PROGRESS REPORT AUGUST 2011

NIGERIA

PROGRAMME The proposed programme has the EXTRA TEXTURE potential for inﬂuencing long-term In Nigeria, the Programme Coordinating sustainable changes. These include The Nigerian programme targets Mechanism (PCM) has submitted a increased and improved sanitation and all communities in six selected Local Country Programme Proposal (CPP) hygiene practices, an ODF coverage Government Areas in Cross River and for funding through the GSF. The PCM focus by all Local Government Areas Benue states, representing approximately has representatives from the Federal (LGAs) and the establishment of WASH 2.2 million people. Government, Development Partners and departments. Plus, there is leveraging Civil Society in Nigeria. of funds for sanitation and increased The overall objective is to achieve 100% enrolment and retention of girls in sanitation coverage, which is expected The $5 million programme, to be schools. There is also a focus on to provide a stimulus at state and district implemented over a ﬁve-year period increasing the capacity at the LGA and levels to provide additional funding for the starting in early 2012, responds to community levels, and strengthening replication and scaling up of the programme fundamental challenges in the Nigerian private sector involvement. in other LGAs across Nigeria. This also sanitation sector, is consistent with contributes to achievement of the national the core principles espoused by the The GSF programme seeks to ignite the targets for sanitation and hygiene. Government of Nigeria (GoN), the right political will and commitment so GSF and the institutional and funding that government will take sanitation to GSF builds on work of UNICEF and arrangements prevalent in the sector. scale. WaterAid, and expands resource mobilization, capacity building, and awareness raising.

UGANDA

PROGRAMME sector actors promoting Community-Led EXTRA TEXTURE Total Sanitation, carrying out home The GSF programme for Uganda, improvement campaigns and sanitation GSF is teaming with the national set for a September 2011 launch, marketing. The main purpose will be to government to ﬁnd creative ways to raise will be managed according to the scale up efforts to generate demand the level of sanitation and hygiene. The Long Term Institutional Arrangements for improved sanitation and hygiene, government has developed policies, but (LTIA) Framework, put in place by the and to strengthen the supply chain for implementation money has been lacking. government of Uganda to manage appropriate sanitation products and donor projects and programmes, and services to meet this demand. The GSF is now one part of the solution, to ensure alignment and mainstreaming granting $5 million in 2011 to the country with government processes and The programme area population is about over the next ﬁve years. The “Uganda systems. Initially, the programme will four million, with 650,000 households Sanitation Fund” will work with the Ministry cover 13 districts in the eastern part of (an average of six people per household) of Health, Ministry of Finance, Planning the country. Another 3 districts in the in 6,000 villages. The majority of these and Economic Development, and Local south-western part will be targeted as villages are not ODF, and 32% of the Government Authorities. learning model districts for hand washing households do not use basic sanitation improvements. facilities. The GSF objectives include The aim is to create robust demand achieving ODF status in all villages, for sanitation so that people seek creative The work in these 16 districts will and that all households have access to ways to install toilets in their homes and consist of government, NGO and private- sanitation and hygiene facilities. communities.

17 GLOBAL SANITATION FUND

BANGLADESH

PROGRAMME Government, Rural Development and by the GSF staff team. After that, it Cooperatives and the Department will be further developed by the PCM The Government of Bangladesh of Public Health Engineering to lead in Bangladesh in the coming months. responded positively to the the GSF’s Programme Coordination Once complete it will be put forward invitation of the Global Sanitation Mechanism (PCM). In July 2010, the for approval by WSSCC’s Executive Fund to develop a programme PCM met for the ﬁrst time and started Director and placed for selection in a of work for funding. In doing so developing a Country Programme future funding round of the GSF. they nominated two high level Proposal (CPP), which was submitted ofﬁcials from the Ministry of Local to WSSCC and is now under review

KENYA

PROGRAMME programme, which will focus on 22 regions of the country – Nyanza districts in three regions. The goal Province, Coast Province and Rift In Kenya, the programme design is is that every school and 90% of Valley – where sanitation coverage is currently underway and if funds are the households are using improved far below the national average. The available the programme should sanitation and hygiene by 2015. rationale for choosing these areas is commence in 2012. The design Kenya, which is not on track to meet to ﬁll gaps where other organizations, has identiﬁed Community-Led Total the Millennium Development Goals such as UNICEF, have not reached. Sanitation and sanitation marketing for sanitation, will work with the GSF as the main approaches of the in approximately 22 districts in three

MALI

PROGRAMME The government of Mali has agreed GSF in the country. Likely aspects to involve its highest decision- of the plan is that it would use CLTS makers in the work of deﬁning and and social marketing as main eventually implementing the work of approaches.

across large areas of the country, and in addition changed the investment patterns in the sector by both government and donors. The GSF’s Programme Coordinating Mechanism (PCM) in Pakistan was PAKISTAN formed in October 2010 through the official invitation of the national PROGRAMME events have occurred which have government. The PCM initially reshaped the landscape of the moved ahead with consultations Since the Global Sanitation Fund sanitation sector in Pakistan. The and the development of a Country commenced its engagement in devastating flooding in 2010 has Programme Proposal for funding Pakistan a number of significant impacted sanitation coverage figures by the GSF. This identified that

18 PROGRESS REPORT AUGUST 2011

PAKISTAN there have been a number of on the Provincial and other Local with them to develop a coherent successful community-based Government structures, whose role it Country Programme Proposal that initiatives in sanitation in Pakistan, now is to lead on sanitation issues. ﬁ ts the new context. It is envisaged and the GSF programme design was that the GSF will focus on supporting being developed to identify what In light of the signiﬁ cant changes selected local governments to has worked well and help build on that the sanitation sector has develop and implement their successes by channeling money undergone in recent months, the sanitation strategies in the coming where it will have the most impact. Global Sanitation Fund is currently years. The GSF remains positive However in June 2011, the Ministry of in dialogue with the Government of about supporting the development of Environment, who had responsibility Pakistan and other sector actors a programme of work in Pakistan and for the sanitation sector nationally, about the way forward for a possible helping the Government of Pakistan was dissolved in accordance with the GSF supported programme in reach its sanitation goals. 19th Amendment to the constitution Pakistan. The GSF will seek to of the Pakistan. This amendment identify where new leadership will has bestowed increased authority come from in the sector and works

and hygiene coverage, and develop the feedback systems from regional and national level monitoring.

A special part of the programme TANZANIA is proposing to focus on schools, which will be led by a mapping of WASH facilities in schools, and orientation on the use of the National PROGRAMME neighboring districts in Singida, School WASH guidelines. These Iringa and Morogoro Regions through activities will be followed up with The Government led Programme improved capacity and demonstration the implementation of sanitation Coordinating Mechanism in Tanzania effect. The Programme also includes promotion activities to support has submitted its ﬁ nal Country support to national initiatives to sanitation demand creation and Programme Proposal (CPP) to the improve sanitation and hygiene supply-side sanitation marketing. GSF. The programme will commence through its support for a National IEC Sanitation promotion clubs will be when the CPP is approved by WSSCC, Strategy and Material for national use. formed in at least 350 schools and based on the quality of the proposal 200 villages. and funds being available. Similar to the programme in Malawi, the Tanzania programme proposes As a result of sensitization and The programme, which has been to work with local governments and awareness raising and education, the put forward, plans to operate in civil society to promote sanitation. communities and their institutions will three districts in the Dodoma region, The monitoring and evaluation upgrade their latrines, build improved where its aim is to achieve total system to determine the success of latrines and construct hand washing sanitation coverage. In addition, the programme aims to strengthen facilities. the Programme aims to stimulate existing government monitoring and increases in coverage in the cascade reporting systems from sub- remaining districts of Dodoma and village up to district level on sanitation

of Togolese currently unserved population) improve their sanitation situation. Funding for sanitation activities in Togo currently only meets about 1% of the need to TOGO reach the sanitation MDGs. The GSF funded programme in Togo would not only play an important role in PROGRAMME The PCM has since been active and raising the proﬁ le of sanitation in has formulated a 5 year programme the country, but also signiﬁ cantly Following selection as a country to promote improvements in contribute to Togo achieving the eligible for the second round of sanitation and hygiene targeting three sanitation MDGs. funding under the GSF, Togo, of the poorest and most vulnerable through its Ministry of Health regions in the country, where the quickly set up a PCM with sanitation coverage is currently representatives from civil society, as low as ~ 10%. The programme private sector, relevant line ministries aims to ensure that about 1 million and UN agencies involved in WASH. people (representing more than 20%

19 GLOBAL SANITATION FUND

PEOPLE INVOLVED

The Global Sanitation Fund is about people-centred progress on sanitation and hygiene. It is through the voices of the individual, be it a member of the programme coordinating committees, a representative of one of the implementing sub-grantees, or a beneﬁ ciary of GSF programming in a village, that the GSF is most clearly articulated.

Madagascar: “Excited” Ny Tanintsika is a national NGO that is part of a consortium that is one of the fi rst sub-grantees awarded grants under the fi rst round of funding. “Through its grants, the GSF contributes to reinforcing and enlarging the interventions in the sanitation fi eld in Madagascar. This thrills and excites us to no end.”

Ms. Eugénie Raharisoa, Manager, Ny Tanintsika, Madagascar

Malawi: “Empowering the people” “The GSF is a fund that empowers the people to propose programmes that beneﬁ t their environment. This ensures that the programme incorporates components that will create more impact on the ground, rather than being imposed from outside.” McLawrence G. Mpasa, Director of Sanitation, Government of Malawi, and Chairperson of GSF PCM India: “Targeting support” “The GSF’s philosophy of supporting software approaches to achieve sanitation and hygiene behaviour change, provides a great opportunity to enable targeted support to the Government of India’s TSC programme to build local capacity and ensure Government resources are effectively utilized and leveraged for greater impact.” Anand Shekhar, NR Management Consultants, Programme Manager

Cambodia: “Great help” “We expect good results from the GSF. We already have knowledge and understanding about sanitation, hygiene and advocacy work, but the ﬁ nancial support is still a constraint for the sector. The GSF will be of great help in ﬁ lling that gap.” Chea Samnang, Ministry of Rural Development, and Vice-Chair, GSF National Coordinating Mechanism

20 HOW IT WORKS: THE GLOBAL SANITATION FUND

THE GLOBAL SANITATION FUND HAS A ROBUST PROCESS FOR OPERATING AND DISBURSING FUNDS. THIS INVOLVES GOVERNANCE, MANAGEMENT, ADVICE, EXECUTION AND RIGOROUS EVALUATION MANAGED BY THE WSSCC SECRETARIAT IN GENEVA.

The Global Sanitation Fund (GSF) is a pooled global In many developing countries national sanitation policies fund established to gather and direct finance to help large exist but the funding to implement them does not. The numbers of poor people to attain safe sanitation services Global Sanitation Fund works with national governments and adopt good hygiene practices. There are 2.6 billion to accelerate implementation of these policies. It is the people, close to 40% of the world’s population, who national governments that provide the leadership and do not have access to basic sanitation. The GSF is an legitimacy to any work supported by the GSF. efficient and cost-effective opportunity for contributors to help the world’s poorest people address this most basic It is typically the existing WSSCC National WASH Coalition everyday need. or other WSSCC partners that request for the country to be considered for funding from the GSF. At this point At the global level, WSSCC’s Secretariat gathers funds the support of the national government is sought and and donations, selects the eligible countries for funding, must be agreed. These parties engage with the National and manages the disbursement of funds. WSSCC is Government to select sector stakeholders to form the administratively and legally hosted by UNOPS. WSSCC, basis of a Programme Coordinating Mechanism and therefore the purpose, principles and scope of the (PCM). The PCM makes certain that the work supported Global Sanitation Fund, are governed by its member by the Global Sanitation Fund is conistent with national elected Steering Committee. policies and the activities of the National WASH Coalitions that undertake professional networking, knowledge The WSSCC Steering Committee approves the management, advocacy and communications work. They operating procedures, decides all working criteria, provide strategic oversight to the programmes. approves the selection of countries and allocation of funds, and reviews the overall progress and performance Once countries and the sanitation and/or hygiene of the Global Sanitation Fund. programme have been selected for funding, the Global Sanitation Fund appoints an Executing Agency to The Global Sanitation Fund has an independent Advisory receive the grant and manage the funded programme. The Committee which gives advice on the Global Sanitation Executing Agency selects, supervises, and support Sub- Fund’s operations and ensures the quality of the Grantees who directly implement these programmes. programmes and work it supports. The Global Sanitation Country Programme Monitors, independently Fund is committed to good practice and supporting appointed by the Global Sanitation Fund verify and report programmes as efficiently and cost-effectively as possible. on the work of Executing Agencies to WSSCC. WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION COLLABORATIVE COUNCIL

15 Chemin Louis-Dunant 1202 Geneva Switzerland

Telephone: +41 22 560 8181 Fax: +41 22 560 8184 www.wsscc.org [email protected]