Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University History Dissertations Department of History 5-10-2017 Complements to Kazi Leaders: Female Activists in Kawaida- Influenced Cultural-Nationalist Organizations, 1965-1987 Kenja McCray Atlanta Metropolitan College Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_diss Recommended Citation McCray, Kenja, "Complements to Kazi Leaders: Female Activists in Kawaida-Influenced Cultural- Nationalist Organizations, 1965-1987." Dissertation, Georgia State University, 2017. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_diss/57 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of History at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact
[email protected]. COMPLEMENTS TO KAZI LEADERS: FEMALE ACTIVISTS IN KAWAIDA-INFLUENCED CULTURAL-NATIONALIST ORGANIZATIONS, 1965-1987 KENJA MCCRAY Under the Direction of John McMillian, PhD ABSTRACT This dissertation explores the memories and motivations of women who helped mold Pan-African cultural nationalism through challenging, refining, and reshaping organizations influenced by Kawaida, the black liberation philosophy that gave rise to Kwanzaa. This study focuses on female advocates in the Us Organization, Committee for a Unified Newark and the Congress of African People, the East, and Ahidiana. Emphasizing the years 1965 through the mid-to-late 1980s, the work delves into the women’s developing sense of racial and gender consciousness against the backdrop of the Black Power Movement. The study contextualizes recollections of women within the groups’ growth and development, ultimately tracing the organizations’ weakening, demise, and influence on subsequent generations. It examines female advocates within the larger milieu of the Civil Rights Movement’s retrenchment and the rise of Black Power.