Britain and the atomic bomb: MAUD to Nagasaki.

Item Type Thesis

Authors Gorman, Claire L.

Rights
The University of Bradford theses are licenced under a Creative Commons Licence.

Download date 28/09/2021 18:33:51

Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4332 Bibliography:

Unpublished Sources and Primary Documents

Chadwick Papers

CHAD 1/12/2, Minutes of MAUD Technical Committee 9/4/41, Churchill Archives Centre (henceforth CAC) CHAD 1/19/8, Letter from to , 19/9/41, CAC CHAD 1/19/8, Letter from Pye to James Chadwick, 19/9/1941, CAC CHAD 1/19/8, Letter from Pye to James Chadwick, 16/10/41, CAC CHAD 1/19/8, Letter from Francis Simon to James Chadwick, 20/1/43, CAC CHAD 1/28/2, Relations between American and British S1 Project, CAC CHAD 1/29/2, General Policy on atomic Energy, British scientific office, 2/1/43, CAC CHAD 1/28/6, Notes of a meeting at Liverpool University, 30/6/40, CAC CHAD 1/28/6, MAUD Report on as an explosive, CAC CHAD 1/28/6, Report on Uranium Fission, 26/8/41, CAC CHAD 1/30/3, 4TH Meeting of Technical Committee, 23/4/42, CAC CHAD 1/30/3, 11TH Meeting of Tube Alloys Technical Committee, 13/11/42, CAC CHAD 1/30/3, 12TH Meeting of Tube Alloys Technical Committee, 11/12/42, CAC CHAD 4/4/4, French Members of Montreal staff, 31/1/45, CAC CHAD 4/4/4, Preserving Security over the French scientists working on the Canadian Project, 20/1/45, CAC CHAD 4/4/4, James Chadwick to Mackenzie King, CAC CHAD 4/6/1, Meeting of the Combined Policy Committee, 22/1/45, CAC CHAD 4/6/29, Statement on sentence passed on Dr. , 1946, CAC CHAD 4/8/1, Sources of Uranium, CAC

Cockcroft Papers

CKFT 10/1, Letter from to , 6/7/40, CAC CKFT 10/1, Report on telegram of 9/5/40 received by Cockcroft, CAC

141

Thomson papers

TMSN 3, A Report on Uranium Fusion, CAC TMSN 4, Letter from Hans Halban to G P Thomson, June 1940, CAC TMSN 4, Letter from John Cockcroft to Dr. Fowler, 4/1/40, CAC TMSN 7, Notes of meetings and discussions of the United States MAUD Committee, CAC

The National Archives, Kew

AB 1/38, Personnel - Sir George Thomson‟s Committee – Staff for Tube Alloy in U.S.A and AB 1/91, from Norsk Hydro electrisk kvaelstoff aktieselscab, 1945 AB 1/93, Progress reports Cambridge University (Feather and Bretscher), 1941-1945 AB 1/106, Lord Cherwell‟s papers – Miscellaneous notes and reports of Uranium projects, 1940- 1941 AB 1/170, Lord Cherwell’s Minute to the P.M. re use of Atomic Energy for bomb, 1941 AB 1/368, Tube Alloys: Technical Committee Correspondence, 1941-1945 AB 1/451, Tube Alloys: Technical Committee; meeting of 19th September 1943 AB 1/543, Progress reports, University, Professor R Peierls, 1941-1944 AB 1/568, Letters to Sir James Chadwick from Professor Peierls and Dr. Moon at Los Alamos AB 1/573, Professor R.E Peierls personal papers: correspondence with Akers, Arms, Blackman, Blok, Born, Brown, 1942-1944 AB 1/575, Professor R.E Peierls Personal Papers: correspondence with Feather, Fowler, Frisch, Fuchs etc, 1943-1944 AB 1/577, Professor R.E Peierls Personal Papers: correspondence with Placzek, Simon etc, 1942- 1944 AB 1/585, 1943; Lord President negotiations, 1942-1945 AB 1/638, Professor R.E Peierls personal papers, 1941 AB 1/695, Michael W. Perrin interviews with Dr. following his arrest for , January to March 1950

142 AB 1/700, Tube Alloy Project; organisation of an independent British and Anglo-Canadian effort, 1st January 1943-31st December 1943 AB 3/86, Notes on tour of United States and Canada, August-October 1943: Peierls and others, 1943 AB 3/90, correspondence with Simon, Arms, Kurti etc, 1942 AB 3/91, Rudolf Peierls correspondence with Simon, Arms, Kurti etc, 1942 AB 3/101, Clarendon Laboratory diffusion papers: Simon’s correspondence with Kearton, Appleton etc, 1942-1943 AB 3/102, Clarendon Laboratory diffusion papers: Simon’s correspondence with Kearton, Appleton etc, 1942 AB 3/110, Tube Alloys correspondence with Simon and Akers in the and United States, 1942-1945 AB 4/130, Radioactive Poisons, August 1942 AB 4/39, Interim Report on the progress and programme concerning the fast reaction, Author(s) K. Fuchs, R. Peierls, c.1942 AB 6/641, Visit to U.S and Canada by Sir John Cockcroft, 1949 AIR 8/1767, Vemork, Norway: SOE attack on heavy water plant, 1943 CAB 98/47, Tube Alloys Consultative Council, 1941-1945 CAB 126/146, Decision to use the atomic bomb against Japan, 29th March 1944-31st March 1947 CAB 126/171, Heavy water ( oxide): general file. Includes report of operations against the Norsk Hydro plant at Vemork in Norway and return of heavy water to Professor Joliot- Curie, 19th November 1942-8th August 1954 CAB 126/183, The Hyde Park Memorandum, Sept. 1944 (agreement between President Roosevelt and Mr. Churchill on control and use of the atomic bomb) Provision of a copy for the U.S archives, 25th March 1945-17th February 1947 CAB 126/209, Reactions of scientists to the atomic bomb: Atomic Scientists Association, 29th May 1946-9th April 1948 CAB 127/18, Correspondence with Lord Cherwell and others on Bacteriological warfare, August 1941- April 1944 FO 371/81734, Interrogation of Dr. Fuchs by the FBI: United States request to be allowed to interrogate Dr. Fuchs in prison; United Kingdom agreement subject to certain conditions, 1950

143 FO 371/82902, Arrest and conviction of Dr. Fuchs on charges of spying for Russia; American reactions; copies of confessions for U.S.A and Canada; security clearances of Mr Eaton and his staff, 1950 FO 371/82903, Arrest and conviction of Dr. Fuchs on charges of spying for Russia; American reactions; copies of confessions for U.S.A and Canada; security clearances of Mr Eaton and his staff, 1950 FO 371/93222, Anglo-U.S discussions on ways to combat atomic security leaks following the cases of Pontecorvo, Fuchs, Professor Infeld and Dr. Burhop, 1951 FO 371/93223, Anglo-U.S discussions on ways to combat atomic security leaks following the cases of Pontecorvo, Fuchs, Professor Infeld and Dr. Burhop, 1951 FO 954/9A, : President to Prime Minister, No. 649, French Provisional Government should not take part in next Big Three Conference, 19/11/44 KV 2/1245, Emil Julius Klaus Fuchs: German/British, Security Service file, 1st January 1938- 31st December 1949 KV 2/1246, Emil Julius Klaus Fuchs: German/British, Security Service file, 1st January 1949- 31st December 1949 KV 2/1247, Emil Julius Klaus Fuchs: German/British, Security Service file, 1st January 1949- 31st December 1949 KV 2/1259, Emil Julius Klaus Fuchs: German/British, Security Service file, 1st January 1952- 31st December 1953 KV 2/1270, Emil Julius Klaus Fuchs: German/British, Security Service file, 1st January 1950- 31st December 1950 KV 2/2209, Alan Nunn May: British. Security Service file, 1st January 1937-31st December 1945 KV 2/2226, Alan Nunn May: British. Security Service file, 1st January 45-31st December 1951 KV 2/2421, : British. Security Service file, 1st January 1940-31st December 1954 KV 2/2422, Hans Heinrich Halban: French. Security Service file, 1st January 1944-31st December 1955 KV 2/2589, : French. Special Branch note 29/4/48, Security Service file, 1st January 1940-31st December 1950

144 KV 2/2589, Lew Kowarski. French. Departure 45a, 22/1/47, Security Service file, 1st January 1940-31st December 1950 KV 2/2590, Lew Kowarski: French. Security Service file, 1st January 1940-31st December 1952 KV 2/2591, Lew Kowarski: French. Security Service file, 1st January 1952-31st December 1955 KV 2/2592, Jules Gueron: French. Security Service file, 1st January 1940-31st December 1953 PREM 3/139/2, Tube Alloys Declaration of Trust, March-June 1944 PREM 3/139/4, Tube Alloys: Operation against heavy water plant in Norway, May 1945 PREM 3/139/11B, Tube Alloys, 1944 PREM 8/1279, Exposure of Dr. Klaus Fuchs: correspondence with the Security Service

Published Secondary Sources

Books

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145 Clark, R. W The Birth of the Bomb, London, Phoenix House, 1961 Clark, R. W Tizard, London, Methuen and Co, 1965 Clark, R. W The Greatest Power on Earth: The Story of , London, Sidgwick and Jackson, 1980 Cockcroft, J. D Atomic Challenge, London, Winchester Publications, 1947 Compton, A. H Atomic Quest, London, Oxford University Press, 1956 Crammer, J. L and Peierls, R Atomic Energy, Middlesex, Penguin Books, 1950 Dahl, P. F Heavy Water and the Wartime Race for Nuclear Energy, Bristol and Philadelphia, Institute of Physics Publishing, 1999 DeGroot, G The Bomb: A History of Hell on Earth, London, Jonathan Cape, 2004 Eden, A The Eden Memoirs: The Reckoning, London, Cassell, 1965 Edmonds, R The Big Three: Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin, London, Hamish Hamilton, 1991 Freedman, L The Evolution of Nuclear Strategy, London, Macmillan, 1982 Frisch, O What Little I Remember, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1979 Foot, M. R. D SOE: The Special Operations Executive 1940-46, London, British Broadcasting Corporation, 1984 Fort, A Prof: The Life of Frederick Lindemann, London, Jonathan Cape, 2003 Giovannitti, L and Freed, F The Decision to Drop the Bomb, London, Methuen and Co, 1967 Goldschmidt, B The Atomic Complex, Illinois, The American Nuclear Society, 1982 Goodchild, P Edward Teller: The Real Dr Strangelove, London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 2004 Goodchild, P J. Robert Oppenheimer ‘Shatterer of Worlds’, London, British Broadcasting Corporation, 1980 Goudsmit, S. A Alsos, New York, Tomash Publishers, 1947 Gowing, M Independence and Deterrence 1945-1952 vol. 1 Policy Making, London, Macmillan, 1974 Gowing, M Independence and Deterrence 1945-1952 vol. 2 Policy Execution, London, Macmillan, 1974 Gowing, M Britain and Atomic Energy 1939-1945, London, Macmillan, 1964 Gowing, M The Origins of Britain’s Status as a Nuclear Power, Oxford, 1988 Gowing, M and Arnold, L The Atomic Bomb, London, Butterworth, 1979 Great Britain , Harwell: the British Atomic Energy Research Establishment, H.M.S.O, 1962 Grouef, S : the untold story of the making of the atomic bomb, London, Collins, 1967 Groves, L. R Now it Can Be Told: the story of the Manhattan Project, London, Andre Deutsch, 1963 Hershberg, J. G James. B Conant: Harvard to Hiroshima, Stanford, Stanford University Press, 1993 Hewlett, R. G and Anderson, O. E The New World: A History of the United States Atomic Energy Commission, Volume one 1939-1946, Pennsylvania State University Publishing, 1962

146 Hinsley, F. H British Intelligence in the Second World War, London, H.M.S.O, 1993 H.M Treasury, Statements Relating to the Atomic Bomb, London, H.M.S.O, 1945 Holloway, D Stalin and the Bomb: The and Atomic Energy 1939-1956, New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 1994 Hughes, J The Manhattan Project: Big Science and the Atomic Bomb, Cambridge, 2003 Irving, D The Virus House, London, William Kimber, 1967 Jackson, J France: The Dark Years 1940-1944, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2001 Jenkins, R (Ed.) Purpose and Policy: Selected Speeches by the P.M the Rt Hon. C.R. Attlee, London, Hutchison and Co, 1946 Jones, R. V Most Secret War, London, Hamish Hamilton, 1978 Jungk, R Brighter Than 1000 Suns, London, Gollancz and Hart-Davis, 1958 Jungk, R Children of the Ashes, Middlesex, Penguin, 1959 Kathren, R. L, Gough, J. B and Benefiel, G. T The Story: The Journals of Glenn. T Seaborg 1939-1946, Ohio, Battelle Press, 1994 Lawrence, W. L Dawn Over Zero, Connecticut, Greenwood Press, 1977 Laurence, W. L Men and Atoms, New York, Simon and Schuster, 1962 Leffler M. P and Painter D. S, Origins of the , London, Routledge, 1994 Maddox, R. J Weapons for Victory: The Hiroshima Decision, Columbia, University of Missouri Press, 1995 McGovern, Una (Ed.) Chambers Biographical Dictionary (6th Edition), Edinburgh, Chambers Harrap Publishers, 2002 McMillan, P. J The Ruin of J. Robert Oppenheimer and the Birth of the Modern Arms Race, London, Viking Penguin, 2005 McNeill, W. H A Survey of International Affairs 1939-1946, America Britain and Russia: Their Co-operation and Conflict 1941-1946, London, Oxford University Press, 1953 Melville, H The Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, London, George Allen and Unwin, 1962 Modin, Y My Five Cambridge Friends, London, Headline, 1994 Montgomery Hyde, H The Atom Bomb Spies, London, Hamish Hamilton, 1980 Morrell, J Science at Oxford: Transforming an Arts University, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1997 Morrison, H Herbert Morrison: An Autobiography by Lord Morrison of Lambeth, London, Odhams, 1960 Moss, N Men Who Play God, London, Victor Gollancz, 1968 Moss, N The Politics of Uranium, London, Andre Deutsch, 1981 Nagai, T We of Nagasaki, London, Harborogh Publishing, 1951 Newkey-Burden, C Nuclear Paranoia, Harpenden, Pocket Essentials, 2003 Paxton, R Vichy France: Old Guard and New Order 1940-1944, London, Barrie and Jenkins, 1972 Pierre, A. J Nuclear Politics, London, Oxford University Press, 1972

147 Reidman, S. R Men and Women Behind the Atom, London and New York, Abelard Schuman, 1957 Rhodes, R The Making of the Atomic Bomb, London, Simon and Schuster, 1986 Roberts, F 60 Years of Nuclear History: Britain’s Hidden Agenda, Oxfordshire, John Carpenter Publishing, 1999 Roberts, F. C Obituaries from 1961-1970, Reading, Newspaper Archive Developments, 1975 Roff, S. R Hotspots: The Legacy of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, London, Cassell, 1995) Rose, P. L Heisenberg and the Nazi Atomic Bomb Project: A Study in German Culture, London, University of California Press, 1998 Rosecrance, R. N Defense of the realm: British Strategy in the nuclear epoch, New York, Columbia University Press, 1968 Sanderson, M The Universities and British Industry1850-1970, London, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1972 Schroeer, D Science Technology and the Nuclear Arms Race, New York, John Wiley, 1984 Sherwin, M. J A World Destroyed, New York, Vintage Books, 1973 Smyth, H. D Atomic Energy for Military Purposes: The Official Report on the Development of the Atomic Bomb under the Auspices of the United States Government, 1940-1945, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1946 Snow, C. P Science and Government, London, Oxford University Press, 1961 Speer, A Inside the Third Reich, London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1970 Szasz, F British Scientists and the Manhattan Project: the Los Alamos Years, New York, St Martin‟s Press, 1992 Szilard, L The Voice of the Dolphins, London, Victor Gollancz, 1961 Thomson, G. P Nuclear Energy in Britain During the Last War, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1962 Walker, M German National Socialism and the Quest for Nuclear Power 1937-1949, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1989 Walker, M Nazi Science: Myth, Truth and the German Atomic Bomb, New York; London, Plenum Press, 1995 Weale, A Science and the Swastika, London, Channel 4 Books, 2001 Weart, S. R Nuclear Fear: A History of Images, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 1988 Wheeler-Bennet, J John Anderson, London, Macmillan, 1962 Williams, F A Prime Minister Remembers, London, Heinemann, 1960 Williams, R. C Klaus Fuchs, Atom Spy, Massachusetts and London, Harvard University Press, 1987 Williams, R. C and Cantelon, P. L The American Atom: A Documentary History of Nuclear Policies from the Discovery of Fission to the Present 1939-1984, Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1984 Zimmerman, D Top Secret Exchange: The and the scientific war, Montreal, Alan Sutton, 1996

148 Journal Articles

Fiege, Mark “The Atomic Scientists, the Sense of Wonder and the Bomb, Environmental History 12 (July 2007), pp. 578-613

Goodman, Michael. S (2003) “British Intelligence and the Soviet Atomic Bomb 1945-1950, Journal of Strategic Studies, 26:2, pp. 120 -151

Goodman, Michael. S and Pincher, Chapman (2005) „Research Note: , Percy Sillitoe and the security aspects of the Fuchs Case‟, Contemporary British History, 19:1, pp. 67-77,

Hughes, Jeff (2004) „Deconstructing the Bomb: recent perspectives on nuclear history‟, British Journal of the History of Science, 37 (4), pp. 455-464

Lee, Sabine “In no sense vital and actually not even important?” Reality and Perception of Britain‟s Contribution to the development of Nuclear Weapons, Contemporary British History, 20:2 (2006)

Malloy, Sean. L (2007) The Rules of Civilised Warfare‟: Scientists, soldiers, civilians and American nuclear targeting, 1940-1945, Journal of Strategic Studies, 30:3, pp. 475-512

Stocker, Jeremy (2006) „Conclusions‟, Adelphi Papers, 46:386, pp. 81-85

Thorpe, Charles (2004) „Violence and the Scientific Vocation‟, Theory, Culture and Society, 21: 59, pp. 59-84

Wilson, Ward (2007) „The Winning Weapon? Rethinking Nuclear Weapons in Light of Hiroshima‟, International Security, 31: 4, pp. 162-179

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