3460 CONGRESS10NAL RECORD - HOUSE Feb_ruary 21, 1966 Wlllman, Charles E. Worthen, Dale L. poverty, and . despair. Hasten the day Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I should wms, Mark A. Yam.aura, Lawrence when the millennial hope of justice, like my statement to follow the remarks Wilson, Daniel E. Yates, William. E., Jr. peace, and brotherly love shall be estab­ which will appear in the RECORD by the Wilson, David E. Yim., Gordon T . K. K. lished and will prevail throughout the distinguished majority leader relative to Wilson, Frank E. s. Wilson, Haldon D., Jr. Youm.ans, Tom.m.y B. world. Amen. the death on yesterday of one of the Wilson, Woodrow 0., Young, Earl W., Jr. great leaders of our country in World Jr. Zaehringer, Theodore War II. Winget, Harold W. A. MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT The name of Admiral Nimitz became Wise, Lawrence F., Jr. Zahn, Sylvan A., Jr. A message in writing from the Presi­ as famous and as well known as any Witt, Sherrill A. Ziehler, Paul M. dent of the United States was communi­ hero in the history of our Nation during Wooliever, Robert A. Ziem.ann, Cornelius M. cated to the House by Mr. Geisler, one of World War II, when he commanded the his secretaries. greatest fleet ever assembled-over 1,000 CONFIRMATION fighting ships and well over a million fighting men-which conquered island Executive nomination confirmed by THE JOURNAL after island in the Pacific, and which led the Senate February 18, 1966: The J oumal of the proceedings of to our victory over the Japanese Empire. COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION Thursday, February 17, 1966, was read Our Nation has lost one of its greatest Nathan M. Koffsky, of Maryland, to be a and approved. heroes. mem.ber -of the Board of Directors of the Mr: LAIRD. Mr. Speaker, I would like Comm.odity Credit Corporation. to associate myself with the remarks of DEATH OF ADM. CHESTER W. NIMITZ the gentleman from Louisiana on the •• ..... •• passing of the great Fleet Adm. Chester Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask W. Nimitz. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES unanimous consent that the gentleman All Americans have cause to mourn the from Oklahoma [Mr. ALBERT] may ex­ passing of this great American who MONDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 1966 tend his remarks at this point in the served his country so well in war and RECORD. peace. The House met at 12 o'clock noon. The SPEAKER pro tempore: Is there Mr. Speaker, Sunday, February 20, objection to the request of the gentleman 1966, marked the passing of one of our from Louisiana? Nation's most famous admirals who died DESIGNATION OF SPEAKER PRO There was no objection. TEMPORE at his home on Yerba Buena Island,. Calif. Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, another Admiral Nimitz commanded the most The SPEAKER pro tempore. The of the great heroes of World War II has pawerful fleet the world has ever known Clerk will read the fallowing communica­ disappeared with the death yesterday of in driving the Japanese Navy from the tion. Admiral of the Fleet Chester W. Nimitz. Pacific Ocean in World War II. He took The Clerk read as follows: Admiral Nimitz had spent all but 15 of over the shattered U.S. :fleet shortly after F'F;BRUARY 21, 1966. his 81 years in the service of the U.S. the attack on Pearl Harbor and nurtured I hereby designate the Honorable CARL Navy. In World War I he served in the its recovery and growth into a force of ALBERT to act as Speaker pro tern.pore today. Atlantic Fleet with a submarine division 16,000 aircraft, 5,000 ships, and 2 million JOHN w. McCORMACK, in a day when submarines were regarded men-the mightest armada ever assem­ Speaker of the House of Representatives. as strange military instruments. In bled. World War II he assumed command of It was a distinct honor for me to have PRAYER our shattered forces at Pearl Harbor and served in the Pacific Fleet under Admiral 2 years later led the Pacific Fleet to vic­ Nimitz during this crucial period of time Rabbi Norman Zdanowitz, of the Con­ tory in the battles of the Coral Sea, Mid­ in our history. gregation Beth Abraham, Auburn, Maine, way, Tarawa, and the Marianas. His On September 1, 1945, Fleet Admiral offered the following prayer: name is synonymous with many of the Nimitz was one of the signers of the O Heavenly Father, inoculate with the historic sea engagements of World War United States when Japan formally :radiance of Thy divine spirit those who II. signed the surrender terms aboard the .are charged with the great responsibility Admiral Nimitz was a superb leader battleship Missouri in Tokyo Bay. <>f directing the affairs of our glorious and a highly knowledgeable technician. On October 5, 1945, which had been and beloved country. Endow them with He was the builder of the Navy's first officially designated as "Nimitz Day" in insight and foresight in this crucial diesel engine, the designer and builder Washington, D.C., Admiral Nimitz was period to champion and to · safeguard of the first naval forward repair stations personally presented a Gold Star in lieu mankind's inalienable rights to .life, lib­ and maintenance squadrons which over­ of the third Distinguished Service Medal ·erty, and the pursuit of happiness. came a prime weakness in the naval fleet by the President of the United States Protect and sustain, strengthen and in the Pacific and contributed enormous­ "For ex;ceptionally meritorious service as 1nspire our illustrious President, Vice ly to naval victories in that ·area. commander in chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet President, and these distinguished lead­ Admiral Nimitz commanded a thou­ and Pacific Ocean areas, from June 1944 ers of this great Republic. sand ships and 2 million men and saw to August 1945." May the patriotism, wisdom, and cou­ the successful culmination of the efforts Mr. Speaker, under unanimous con­ rageous spirit of George Washington, of the Pacific Fleet from the deck of the sent, I include the text of the citation whose birthday we reverently pause to U.S.S. Missouri when the Japanese ca­ which accompanied the Gold Star pres­ celebrate tomorrow, ever serve as a lan­ pitulation was signed on September 2, entation on October 5, 19.45, at this point tern to illumine their path, to maintain 1945. in the RECORD. a Government "which gives to bigotry Throughout his long career he was five The citation follows: no sanction and to persecution no as­ times awarded the Distinguished Serv­ Initiating the final phase in the battle for .sistance." ice Medal for wartime exploits, received victory in the Pacific, [he] attacked the Vouchsafe Thy blessings upon the gal­ most of the NaVY's highest decorations, Marianas, invading Saipan, infiicting a de­ lant men of our Armed Forces who have and wide recognition for his outstanding cisive defeat in the Japanese Fleet in ttie gone forth to arrest the reckless wave service. While honors were showered first battle of the Philippines and captur­ ·of unprovoked aggression and bloodshed upon him, he was no less honored and ing Guam and Tinian. rn vital continuing <>n distant shores. Crown their efforts loved for his poise under fire, his tact and operations, his Fleet Forces isolated the understanding, and his down-to-earth enemy-held bastions of the Central and East­ with triumph and enable them to achieve ern Carolines and secured in quick succes­ the suppression of tyranny and lawless­ attitude. sion Peleliu, Angaur, and Ulithi. With re­ ness. All Americans mourn the passing of connaissance of the main beaches on Leyte May the United States remain a citadel this great naval hero who defended our effected, approach channels cleared and op­ of freedom and a watchtower from which country so long and well. position neutralized in" joint operations to .rays of light and hope shall be 'beamed I extend my sympathy to his family reoccupy the Philippines, the challenge by to those who are now living in darkness, and loved ones. powerful task forces of the Japanese Fleet February 21, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 3461 resulted in a historic victory in the three­ him in highest esteem as a patriot to stered by the infamous and disastrous at­ phased battle for Leyte Gulf, October 24 to whom all Americans owe a debt of tack at Pearl Harbor. 26, 1944. • • • Fleet Admiral Nimitz cul­ gratitude. The first major clash occurred on May minated long-range strategy by successful 4, 1942, in the Battle of the Coral Sea, a amphibious assault on Iwo Jima and Oki­ 5-day engagement. A spectacular vic­ nawa • • • finally placed representative FLEET ADM. CHESTER W. NIMITZ forces of the U.S. Navy in the harbor of tory resulted, and the threat to New Zea­ Tokyo for the formal capitulation of the Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker, I ask land and Australia was averted. Japanese Empire. • • • He demonstrated unanimous consent to address the House A month later came the Battle of Mid­ the highest qualities of a naval officer and for 1 minute and to revise and extend my way, and again the Nimitz strategy rendered services of the greatest distinction remarks. brought another great naval victory. to his country. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there After these two victories the admiral was Mr. Speaker, under unanimous con­ objection to the request of the gentleman later quoted as saying the eventual defeat sent, I include the text of a communica­ from Texas? . of the Japanese was just a question of tion from the Secretary of the Navy to There was no objection. time. And he was right. all naval personnel at this point in the Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker, with the I last saw Admiral Nimitz at Fred­ RECORD. death of Fleet Adm. Chester W. Nimitz, ericksburg on the occasion of the visit of The message of the Secretary of the which occurred on yesterday, this Nation German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer, Navy dated February 21, 1966, follows: has lost the last of its five-star sailors who was entertained at the nearby LBJ From: The Secretary of the Navy. who directed America's triumphant na­ Ranch by the then Vice President Lyn­ To: ALNAV. val operations in the Pacific during don B. Johnson. The admiral flew in Unclas. World War II. Admiral Nimitz, as com­ from San Francisco to join in the great The Chief of Naval Operations, the Com­ mander in chief, Pacific Fleet, master­ public reception that was accorded the mandant of the Marine Corps, and I join with minded some of the greatest and most distinguished German visitor. all Navy and Marine Corps uniformed and decisive victories in naval history. His­ The admiral numbered his relatives civilian personnel in mourning the death of tory will undoubtedly recognize him as who make their home in his native coun­ Fleet Adm. Chester W. Nimitz, U.S. Navy, in ty by the hundreds. And his friends and San Francisco, on Sunday, February 20. one of the great naval strategists of all During his lifetime, marked by many sig­ time. admirers there could be counted in the nificant accomplishments in the naval serv­ Admiral Nimitz was born at Fred­ thousands. He loved his old home, his ice, he was an inspiration to all of us. He ericksburg, Tex., in the district I repre­ relatives, and his friends who make their graduated with distinction in the Naval sent, on February 24, 1885, in a pioneer homes in Gillespie, Kerr, and surround­ Academy class of 1905 and served in various home, built of native stone. That old ing counties. ships, and commanded two, before undergo­ home is still occupied by members of his Mr. Speaker, history has recorded in ing submarine training. After many more detail the blow-by-blow triumphs of the commands and duties, he laid one of the mother's family. The admiral's paternal relatives lived U.S. Navy and the Marines in the Pacific, cornerstones in the foundation of the Naval under the brilliant command of the Reserve Officer Training Corps program when a block away in the famous old Nimitz he installed and instructed in one of the first Hotel. That landmark was erected by admiral whose death we mourn today. units at the University of California at the admiral's grandfather, Charles H. This Nation, and all men who cherish Berkeley. Nimitz, in 1852. The latter had been a freedom, are forever indebted to this He was designated oommander in chief, merchant mariner and when he had been great American patriot. U.S. Pacific Fleet, on December 17, 1941, and unable to return to his briny deep, he led U.S. forces in the Pacific Ocean area to victory, culminating in the signing of the built the Nimitz in the shape of a ship. HEALTH INSTRUCTION AND PHYSI­ surrender documents on U.S.S. Missouri on Gen. Robert E. Lee, on a frontier inspec­ CAL EDUCATION: CONGRESS September 1, 1945, in Tokyo Bay. He relieved tion trip, once signed the register at the Fleet Adm. Ernest J. King as chief of naval Nimitz. SHOULD AMEND THE NATIONAL operations in December 1945 and served in The admiral was the son of Chester DEFENSE EDUCATION ACT that capacity for 2 years. He wa.s then as­ Bernhard and Anna (Henke) Nimitz. Mr. MEEDS. Mr. Speaker, I ask signed as Special Assistant to the Secretary His paternal great-grandparents, unanimous consent to address the House · of the Navy with offices in San Francisco. Charles Henrich and Meta (Meirrotte) There he continued to serve his country in for 1 minute and to revise and extend many ways, always with distinction. His Nimitz, came from Bremen, Germany, in my remarks. passing is a great loss to the U.S. Navy and 1843, and settled in Charleston, S.C. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there to the Nation, but his deeds and character Shortly after that they resettled at Fred­ objection to the request of the gentleman will be an inspiration and standard for us ericksburg. There he grew up, and grad­ from Washington? all in the years to come. Typical of Fleet uated from nearby Kerrville High There was no objection. Admiral Nimitz, he requested simple cere­ School. Mr. MEEDS. Mr. Speaker, as we monies incident to his burial at the Golden After graduating from the U.S. Naval Americans increase our standard of liv­ Gate National Cemetery, a final resting place Academy, seventh in his 1905 class, Nim­ close to the servLce personnel who died in ing, the many modern conveniences that the Pacific. Fleet Admiral Nimitz w111 be itz progressed steadily and was pro­ make our lives easier and more pleasant buried on Thursday, February 24. moted to rear admiral on June 23, 1938. lead us toward physical inertia. We sit PAUL H. NITZE, Following that, he distinguished him­ more and walk less. We are spectators Secretary of the Navy. self with many assignments, and was more and participants less. We use well prepared for the great challenge power brakes, power steering, and power that faced him on December 17, 1941, golf carts. We are now blessed with elec­ ADM. CHESTER W. NIMITZ when he took over as commander in tric can openers, electric carving knives, Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, I ask chief, Pacific Fleet. and electric toothbrushes. It wo.uld not unanimous consent to revise and extend Building from a navy that was in surprise me someday to see even our push my remarks. · shambles, Admiral Nimitz lost no time. buttons equipped with power assists. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there By August of 1945, when Japan surren­ Yet, modern life moves with an in­ objection to the request of the gentleman dered, Nimitz had under his command creasingly faster pace. The demands on from Texas? what has been described as the greatest our energies are growing. We have more There was no objection. armada under one flag in history-6,256 work and less time in which to complete Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, I would ships of all types, and 14,847 combat air­ it. We face more pressure and feel like to take a moment to join in paying craft. In addition to the regular Navy greater strain. Even the activities of our tribute to the memory of Adm. Chester personnel, he also commanded six divi­ leisure time are pursued with frenzy. W. Nimitz. He was truly a great Amer­ sions of marines. Confronted by these strenuous de­ ican, a hero of the highest tradition. Faced with a formidable task, upon mands, we must not allow the benefits of I will leave it to the gentleman from .assumption of command of the Pacific progress to sap our vitality . Texas [Mr. FISHER] and others to speak Fleet Admiral Nimitz regrouped and re­ I am today introducing a bill to amend more extensively of this great man but organized his forces, and laid plans for title III and title XI of the National De­ I wanted to be recorded among those new ships and a war plan to cope with fense Education Act. These amendments who cherished ~im as-a friend and held the powerful Japanese naval fieet, bol- will help encourage health and physical 3462 . ·CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE February 21, 1966 education, just as the National Defense By amending titles 1II and XI of the . Gambia's revenue. , Other exports are Education Act has stimulated academic National Defense Education Act, we can palm kernals, hides, and beeswax. Cash progress. promote this needed health education crops pay for most of the inhabitants' The Congress has been urged to and can move forward to attune our requirements, including rice, a staple of "amend the present national defense physical capabilities to the strenuous re­ their diet, and kola nuts. The leading educational law so as to provide long quirements of the 1960's. We can follow imports are cotton cloth, foodstuffs, and needed assistance to the States to foster the example set and the goal urged by hardware. excellence in physical education." Vice President Kennedy when he resolved Local industries are limited to cotton President HUMPHREY recommended this that "by keeping physical fitness in the weaving, garmentmaking, and fishing. in 1962, and I am pleased to sponsor leg­ forefront of the Nation's concerns, the Most of the overseas trade is carried in islation that seeks to make this sugges­ Federal Government can make a sub­ British ships. There is a British prefer­ tion a reality. stantial contribution toward improving ential tariff on imports. The monetary Just as it is important that our Nation the health and vigor of our citizens." unit is the West African pound, at par meet its obligation to the development with sterling. and training of childrens' intellectual While The Gambia follows a formal capacities, it is also our obligation to as­ BIRTHDAY SALUTE TO THE GAMBIA policy of nonalinement, it maintains par­ sure their proper health and physical de­ Mr. O'HARA of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, . ticularly close and friendly relations velopment. The eminent physician and I ask unanimous consent to address the with the United Kingdom, Senegal, and heart specialist, Dr. Paul Dudley White, House for 1 minute and to revise and other African Commonwealth states. has said that "it is little short of crimi­ extend my remarks. Although its representation abroad and nal to educate our young people men­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there its participation in international confer­ tally, to have them die early of heart objection to the request of the gentleman ences is limited, The Gambia takes an attacks and strokes; for example, at 40, from Illinois? active interest in international and par- because of neglect of their physical There was no objection. ticularly African affairs. It became a health." Mr. O'HARA of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, member of the Organization of African The more we learn about the interrela­ as chairman of the Subcommittee on Unity in March 1965, and was admitted tionship of mind and body, the more it Africa of the House Committee on For- to the United Nations as that organiza­ becomes clear that the ability to learn eign Affairs, I am privileged and happy tion's 115th member in September of the depends a great deal upon physical well­ to announce that on Friday last, when same year. being. Yet, a hard look at the physical we were not in session, the newest of the The United States favors the expan­ condition of many Americans is alarm­ emerging nations of Africa, The Gambia, sion and strengthening of friendly ties ing. celebrated its first anniversary of inde- with the people of The Gambia, and their On an average day, 1 Yz million Amer­ pendence. orderly and progressive development in icans cannot get to work because of ill­ I treasure as one of the rich memories the political, social, and economic spheres ness. Over a million are out of work for of my service as a delegate to the 20th and in friendly cooperation with their a week or more. One out of five children cannot pass a General Assembly of the United Nations neighbors. simple test of physical performance. . all the details of that day last September For the subcommittee on Africa, and Nearly 28 million Americans have some when I, with many others, from many for myself, I extend sincere and warm degree of physical disability. More than ·lands, stood with bared heads as the flag congratulations to the Prime Minister one-half of the population is significantly of The Gambia, just admitted as the of The Gambia, the Honorable Dawda _overweight. One-third of all American 115th member of the United Nations, for Kairaba Jawara, and to all the peo­ young men are judged to be unfit for duty the first time was proudly raised in ap- ple of the proud land of the The Gambia in the Armed Forces for health reasons. propriate ceremonies in front of the on the occasion of the first anniversary. Like so many human problems, this United Nations headquarters. ·of the independence .of their nation. pattern of physical neglect begins early The Gambia is a former British colony Mr. POWELL. Mr. Speaker, the 18th in life. The place to correct it is with and protectorate comprising a narrow · of February marked the 1st anniver­ · our young. For example, obesity begins strip of land along the lower 288 miles sary of the independence of The Gambia. ~ early, and over one-third of American of the Gambia River in west Africa and Although belatedly, we take this oppor­ children are overweight. Poor dietary stretching inland to a point 2-0-0 miles tunity to extend warm felicitations to habits · in adults are not so surprising . from the sea. · His Excellency Dawda Kairaba Jawara, when one recognizes that boys and girls The territory is closely bound up with The Gambian Prime Minister, and to the in the 13 to 15 age bracket are the least the river, which gives unequaled access wonderful people of this African coun­ likely of any age group to be eating to the interior of west Africa, for it is try. proper foods. The worst off enders are navigable by oceangoing vessels at all - On February 18, 1965, the Union Jack teenage girls, tomorrow's homemakers seasons for more than 200 miles from its of Great Britain was replaced by The and meal planners. mouth. Gambia's red, blue, green, and white flag We should concentrate on adequate Under the new constitution, which en- in Bathurst, the capital of The Gambia. health and physical education programs tered into effect on April 27, 1962, The Situated on the west coast of Africa, this in our public schools. Congress has Gambia has achieved a considerable de- small country is bisected by the Gambia rightfully established and supported a gree of self-government. River and bordered on three sides by number of programs to strengthen the During World War II, The Gambia Senegal. Gambia has been a separate academic, vocational, and technical ef­ contributed soldiers for the Burmese entity in Africa since 1888 when it be­ forts of the Nation's public schools. Now campaign and served as an air stop and came a British Crown Colony. Under its we must recognize the need to do the port of call for naval convoys. t962 Constitution The Gambia received same for the health and physical educa­ · The Gambia is naturally situated to full internal self-government in October tion departments. The bill I am intro­ handle the overseas trade of a large hin- of 1963. The political structure is a ducing is designed to do just that. terland. The river, which steamers ply traditional British one, with a unicam­ The legislation I am sponsoring has regularly, is the country's principal eral legislature, elected by universal two features. The first would amend means of communication. There are adult suffrage, and a cabinet led by Prime title III of the National Defense Educa­ about 30 river stations in the country. Minister David K. Jawara. tion Act to provide financial encourage­ The only seaport is Bathurst. The Gambia's economy is almost ex- ment for classroom instruction in health The output of The Gambia is primar- elusively agricultural, peanuts being the and physical education. The second pro­ ily agricultural. Some subsistence crops main cash crop and accounting for about vision would amend title XI. This sec­ are raised, chiefly grain sorghum, but 95 percent of the country's exports. tion would be revised so that regular not enough to feed the inhabitants. There is some local industry, including session or short-term instruction would Nearly all suitable land is planted with peanut oil refining, cotton weaving, be available to those now teaching or peanuts grown for export. Peanuts nor- garmentmaking, and fishing. During planning to teach school health physical mally comprise 95 percent of total an- the past year The Gambia has continued education. No Federal money would be nual exports by value. The customs duty to look for ways of diversifying its agrl­ spent for athletic equipment. on tliese exports provides most of The culture and increasing output. The February 21, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL 'RECORD -- HOUSE 3463 Government is utilizing swamplands salesmart attempted to figure out the ing from their profession. Today op­ along the Gambia River for rice pro­ prescription from the glasses the•report­ tometry is fighting the same battle and duction. Gambia is to be commended er was wearing-. This is highly danger­ has succeeded in most of the States of for the economic success it has achieved, ous, as not everyone can be fitted with the Union. But, unfortunately, this is in view of the lack of mineral resources contact lenses and those that can wear not true in our Nation's Capital. and the inadequacy of its agricultural them generally need a different prescrip­ As far back as 1955, the U.S. Supreme resources-very poor, sandy soil in the tion from the one given them for their Court, in the case of Williams against uplands and swamps along the river spectacles. The contact lenses may Lee Optical, sustained the Oklahoma law which are often flooded in the wet sea­ cause an abrasion of the eyeball, which, which contained provisions similar to son. if infected, may result in the total loss provisions in the bill just introduced. Great Britain and The Gambia con­ of the eye. The Court held that "State regulation of tinue to benefit from the close relation­ Even if the accused are convicted, the advertising relating to eye examinations ship begun in 1888. The Gambia has existing law does not adequately protect was a matter reasonably and rationally actively undertaken to improve her rela­ the public from those operators who, ac­ related to the health and welfare of the tions with Senegal during this past year. cording to the News report, are at best people." The Court went further and re­ Moreover, this African country has bilking the public out of its money, and versed ·the lower court, 'Which struck entered the world community through at the worst, damaging their customer's down the provision of the Oklahoma law acceptance into the United Nations on eyesight. The News reports that fre­ relating to the sale of eyeglass frames. September 22, 1965. Prime Minister quently the unsuspecting public believes In sustaining the statute the Supreme Jawara visited New York City this past it is being served by licensed and well Court said: fall to acknowledge his country's entry regulated vision specialists. If the advertisement of lenses is to be into the United Nations. High-powered advertisements and abolished or controlled, the advertising of It gives me great pleasure to congrat­ fancy but expensive installment plans frames must come under the same restraints; ulate Prime Minister Jawara and the that conceal high rates of interest are be­ or so the legislature might think. We see no people of The Gambia on their first anni­ ing used to sell a health device which, constitutional reason why a State may not treat all who deal with the human ~ye as versary of independence. We know they when properly prescribed and fitted, can members of a profession who should use no will continue to enjoy the blessings of be highly beneficial to the user; but, on merchandising methods for obtaining cus­ steady economic progress and political the other hand, it may be, and often is, tomers. stability in the years to come. highly dangerous. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent President Johnson is well a ware of the That is one of the purposes of the bill that all Members so desiring may have importance of vision. Pursuant to a which I have introduced. 5 legislative days in which to join me in joint resolution of the Congress, ap­ Last year the Senate Subcommittee on a birthday salute to The Gambia. proved December 30, 1963, the President, Frauds and Misrepresentations Affecting The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there on January 28 of this year, issued his tl:ie Elderly included among iits many rec­ objection to the request of the gentle­ Save Your Vision Week proclamation. ommendations the following statement: man from Illinois? He began it with a quotation from Testimony taken by this subcommittee re­ .· There was .no objection. Shakespeare: veals that the last congressional action in this field (eye care) wi.ithin the District dates He that is stricken blind cannot forget the back to 1924. Testimony taken by this sub­ precious treasure of his eyesight lost. EYE CARE IN THE DISTRICT OF committee suggests that new merchandising He went on to say: methods have occurred since that action, and COLUMBIA it is recommended that the Senate District Those words of Shakespeare are relevant of Columbia C'ommittee examine the ade­ Mr. SISK. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ to us today as we proclaim Save Your Vision imous consent to address the House for quacy of present District laws on- Week, 1966. They remind us that the gift (a) Widespread fixed-price advertising for 1 minute and to revise and extend my of sight is one of the glories of life. To the remarks. child it is a red balloon-a mother's smile-­ regular glasses and contact lenses; The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there a form in a passing cloud-a tree with (b) Sale of over-the-counter nonprescrip­ autumn leaves. tion glasses; objection to the request of the gentleman (c) Possible need for greater authority to from California? Those words of Shakespeare remind us, too, that the eyesight which most of us take for the District Commissioners for regulation of There was no objection. granted in our daily lives can be snatched the corporate practice of optometry. Mr. SISK. Mr. Speaker, today I have from any of us, almost without warning. introduced a bill to amend the act which My proposal contains appropriately regulates the practice of optometry in He then listed the optometric profes­ worded sections to correct the problems the District of Columbia. This act was sion as one concerned with programs for uncovered by this Senate subcommittee. approved on May 28, 1924, and has not the improvement and preservation of Under date of January 7, 1966, Dr. been amended during the more than 40 vision. · As a matter of fact, optometry Zachary Ephraim, president of the Board years which have intervened. Prior to is the first line of defense against blind­ of Optometry of the District of Columbia, its enactment, all of the 48 States which ness and, is dedicated to improving and addressed a letter to the President of the then constituted our Union, had enacted conserving the vision of our entire popu­ District Board of Commissioners, in laws to regulate the practice of optome­ lation. which he transmitted a draft of a bill try. Every one of those laws has since The members of this profession were which had been prepared by the Board of 1924 been amended; most of them sev­ the first to volunteer their services in the Optometry in cooperation with the Dis­ eral times. war on poverty. Last summer through trict of Columbia Department of Occupa­ . The Washington Daily News, the past their organization called Volunteers for tions and Professions, the Optometric few days, has reported that men who are Vision, they made an outstanding con­ Society of the District of Columbia, and not required to meet any educational or tribution to Project Headstart for pre­ the American Optometric Association. It technical standards are now fitting cus­ school children. The honorary chair­ was designed to improve the District Iaw tomers with contact lenses. These men man of Volunteers for. Vision is Miss as it pertains to the practice of optom­ are not licensed, regulated, or supervised Luci Baines Johnson. etry. The bill I have proposed contains in any manner. From the News report, This Congress and the preceding Con­ all of the essential provisions of the it is apparent that some of the work they gress have wisely included schools and Board's draft. As pointed out in Dr. are doing may be inadequate and unsani­ colleges of optometry and optometry Ephraim's letter, there is nothing in it tary. In at least one case, a woman lost students in the health education legisla­ that is not now contained in the laws of the sight of an eye. tion authorizing the expenditure of Fed­ one or more of the States. The purpose Two men have been arrested and eral funds for the expansion and im­ of the revision is to bring the standards charged with violating the District's 42- provement of the health professions by of practice in the city of Washington up year-old optometry law. According to providing more and better educational to a level which exists in most of our the News, one of their reporters who and library facilities. States and it will provide adequate pro­ sought to secure contact lenses did not Most of you will recall the battle which tection for the visual needs of persons have a doctor's prescription and was not medicine and dentistry fought to elimi­ seeking vision care within the District even sent to a doctor to secure one. The nate fraudulent and deceptive advertis- of Columbia. CXII--219-Part 3 3464 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE February 21, 1966 As the Nation's Capital, we have visi­ The Red assaults will be countered by de­ this deduction, and the more he really tors from all over the world and from fensive milltary action, of whatever intensity deserves it--the less his actual chances every part of our country. They are en­ is required and for as long as necessary. are of obtaining it--Internal Revenue Tireless efforts to achieve a negotiated Code, section 217 (c) (2). titled to the same high standards for the peace will continue. practice of optometry which prevail in Meanwhile, even as the war goes on, there This, Mr. Speaker, is the inequity my their home communities. Mr. Speaker, will be an acceleration of cooperative pro­ bill is designed to correct and it is my that is the PUrPose of the bill which I grams by American and South Vietnamese sincere hope that my colleagues will see have introduced. I hope that it will re­ oftl.cials to improve the economy of South its merit and offer their active support ceive prompt and favorable action by Vietnam, raise the living standards, fight for this amendment. hunger and disease, and build the founda­ the House District Committee and the tions of a democratic, self-governing society. House of Representatives itself. How, it is being asked in some quarters, are these noble goals of freedom and peace FOOD FOR FREEDOM and democracy~o solemnly proclaimed in Mr. TODD. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ THOSE WHO COUNT the Declaration of Honolulu-to be achieved imous consent to address the House for 1 when the Communist North Vietnamese re­ minute and to revise and extend my Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ fuse to negotiate and when the South Viet­ imous consent to address the House for namese vow never to recognize the Red remarks. 1 minute and to revise and extend my Vietcong? The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there remarks and include an editorial. There is no clear answer because, in our objection to the request of the gentleman The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there judgment, it is the wrong question. The from Michigan? objection to the request of the gentleman waillng voices of woe, who call constantly for There was no objection. from Missouri? an American surrender in Vietnam, manage Mr. TODD. Mr. Speaker, President always and very conventiently to overlook Johnson said in his food-for-freedom There was no objection. the problems confronting the Communists. Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker:..._ The United States, in alliance with South message: America has the courage, the wlll, and Vietnam, holds the trump cards-in military A balance between agricultural produc­ the resources to defend the frontlines of power, in economic resources, and in the tivity and population is necessary to prevent freedom against the tide of Communist ag­ moral issue of self-determination versus the shadow of hunger from becoming a gression. Communist enslavement. nightmare of famine. We believe that Ho Chi Minh and his com­ This last week, at the gracious invita­ These words appeared recently in an rades in Hanoi are the ones who ought to editorial in the Philadelphia Inquirer, be worrying the most about escalation of the tion of Chairman CooLEY of the House which properly believes that America's war--and we suspect they are. Committee on Agriculture, I was privi­ purpose and commitment in Vietnam America has the courage, the will, and the leged to hear 10 distinguished expert.s were made a matter of formal public resources •to defend the frontlines of free­ submit their predictions and then off er dom against the tide of Communist aggres­ their recommendations as to how this record in the historic Hawaii meeting. sion. Let this be the message Vice President Meanwhile, the newspaper states: "nightmare of famine'' might be avoided. HUMPHREY conveys. Their recommendations fell into two With Vice President HUMPHREY accom­ panying the South Vietnamese leaders back broad categories, as I understood them: to SaJgon on the first leg of an extensive ALLOWANCE OF TAX DEDUCTIONS First. Make every effort to reduce rates of population growth. diploma..tic mission to rally the forces of free­ FOR MOVING EXPENSES dom in Asia, the implementation of policies Second. Make every effort to increase agreed upon at Honolulu is underway. Mr. RONCALIO. Mr. Speaker, I ask agricultural productivity in these same unanimous consent to address the House lands faced with the blight of famine Even as the war goes on, the Inquirer for 1 minute and to revise and extend closing in over them. believes: my remarks. Every witness emphasized that there There will be an a.cceleratlon of coopera­ The SPEAKER pro tem:pore. Is there was no apparent means of providing tive programs by American and South Viet­ objection to the request of the gentleman adequate food for those who have joined namese oftl.cials to improve the economy of from Wyoming? South Vietnam, raise the living standards, the banquet of life while the population fight hunger and disease and build the There was no objection. explosion becomes more violent. The foundoa.tlons of a democratic, self-govern!ng Mr. RONCALIO. Mr. Speaker, to­ last witness, Prof. Theodore Schultz, of society. day it is my pleasure to introduce a the University of Chicago, urged that bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code adequate American agricultural re­ The Inquirer is convinced that: to avoid tax discrimination against the sources be devoted to providing food for The United States, in alliance with South construction worker. those now starving; that we follow the Vietnam, holds the trump cards--in mili­ These builders of America have been recommendations of the President in tary power, in economic resources, and in truly the forgotten and neglected people the moral issue of self-determination versus assisting our friends to modernize their Communist enslavement. of our generation. Too often their needs agriculture; and that we allocate a por­ have been given a back seat to the less tion of the funds received from the sale This is an impressive, forthright sum­ meritorious demands of more en­ of food for freedom to family planning mation of the situation and I would like trenched groups. and birth control activities. to make it available to others by having Specifically, the inequity which I hope I offered this last idea to the House in it printed in the RECORD. to correct is in the allowance of deduc­ a speech made following the President's THE DECLARATION OF HONOLULU tions for moving expenses for workers of message. Since then, I have explored it America's purpose in Vietnam, and Amer­ the trades and crafts of the construction more fully, and cpnsidered it in the light ica's commitment to the South Vietnamese industry. of the remarks of these outstanding ex­ Government and people, have been made a The Internal Revenue Code provides perts which have appeared before the matter of formal public record in the historic a general rule that: distinguished Committee on Agriculture. conference at Honolulu. There shall be allowed as a deduction I should like to off er it in more detail With the return of President Johnson and moving expenses • • • in connection with today, so that it may be further dis­ his advisers to Washington, and with Vice the commencement of work by the taxpay­ cussed and improved. President HUMPHREY accompanying the er as an employee at a new principal place South Vietnamese leaders back to Saigon on of work. (Internal Revenue Code 217.) On February 14, the gentleman from the first leg of an extensive diplomatic mis­ North Carolina [Mr. COOLEY] introduced sion to rally the forces of freedom in Asia, This is a good principle, Mr. Speaker, the food-for-freedom bill, H.R. 12785. the implementation of policies agreed upon and it has general application for almost Section 103 (b) of title I includes a pro­ at Honolulu is underway. everyone except those who need it vision that the President may determine What, precisely, are these policies pro­ most--the construction worker. that foreign currencies may be received claimed jointly by the United States and The code goes on, in its conditions for as payment for food for freedom in order South Vietnam? allowance of the deduction, to provide to implement certain purposes defined Essentially, they are a mutual resolve to time limitations and other requirements by subsections (a), (b), (c), and (e) of frustrate Communist attempts to conquer which virtually eliminate the construc­ section 304. I suggest that section 103 the territory and people of South Vietnam tion worker. In short, the effect is that (b) be extended to include a new sub­ by armed aggression and terrorism. the worse a construction worker needs section (i) of section 3o-4. February 21, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 3465 I suggest that to section 304 be added and modernizing their own production and systematically shunted aside when the high­ a new subsection (1), which might read distribution of food. way tax dollar has been divided. State government that isn't responsive to as follows: Section 103 of title I of the bill intro­ the needs of its cities is soon going to find For financing programs emphasizing ma­ duced by Chairman CooLEY says "take itself • • • useless • • • . America will ternal, child health and nutrition, and family into account efforts of countries to help double its population by the year 2000, we are planning services, and research activities re­ themselves toward a greater degree of told, and better than 90 percent of that lated to the problems of population growth, self-reliance, especially in providing growth is going to be in urban areas. for which purpose not less than fifteen per enough food to meet the needs of their The Federal Government appears to un­ centum of the currencies received pursuant derstand these simple facts of life. And to title I shall be available, through and un­ people, and the resources required to at­ that is why Atlanta and every other growing der the procedures established by the Presi­ tain that objective." The bill is intended city is forced to beat a path to Washington. dent upon reques.t of the country with which to help increase the agriculture pro- . A city that ls treated as an unwanted child the agreement ls made: Provided, That the ductivity of nations as rapidly as pos­ must, of necessity, seek a foster parent. President ls authorized to carry out the fore­ sible-which is the other side of the coin. Most of the people who yell loudest about going provisions of this subsection through Therefore, Mr. Speaker, I believe the States' rights and cry havoc about big Fed­ any agency of the United States, or any in­ addition of the section I have suggested eral Government are those who have done the ternational agency and/or organization of least to exercise the responsibilities that go which the United States ls a member, and would round out this important legisla­ along with States' rights. They are phonies which he determines ls qualified to adminis­ tion, and make it a total attack on and frauds to the core. ter such activities. hunger, deprivation, and the terror of If State governments are to survive they famine. Today, unlimited population had better take inventory and begin to ex­ This would mean that food for freedom growth is on a collision course with ercise better judgment in their treatment of would be used twice: once, to help fill their cities. empty stomachs now; and twice, to avoid limtted food supply. Only total attack empty stomachs in the future. This is will avert disaster. the basic merit of the idea. SUBCOMMITTEE ON REGULATORY Now let us explore the idea in some­ OUR FRIENDS, THE FEDS AGENCIES OF THE SELECT COM­ what more detail. It suggests providing MI'ITEE ON SMALL BUSINESS a total family service-to the mother, to Mr. WELTNER. Mr. Speaker, I ask her children, and to the entire family unanimous consent to address the House Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I ask group. It is directed to the health, well­ for 1 minute and to revise and extend my unanimous consent that the Subcommit­ being, and happiness of all of them. And remarks. tee on Regulatory Agencies of the Select if the program were implemented as a The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Committee on Small Business have per­ unit-directed to the mother, father, and objection to the request of the gentleman mission to sit this afternoon during gen­ the children, it would achieve its greatest from Georgia? eral debate; and I make the same re­ effectiveness at the least cost. There was no objection. quest for Wednesday and Thursday of Dr. W. H. Sebren, Jr., director of the Mr. WELTNER. Mr. Speaker, my this week. School of Nutrition Sciences at Colum­ friend Opie L. Shelton, executive vice The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without bia University, testified before the com­ president and general manager of the objection, it is so ordered. mittee: Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, has long There was no objection. Protein calorie malnutrition ls actually since established himself as a man of one of the largest causes of the death of unusual clarity and vision. One of his children. It is estimated that 70 per­ many services to Atlanta and the State WATCH THE TROJAN HORSE cent of the children in developing areas suf­ of Georgia is his continuing attempt to Mr. MONAGAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask fer from malnutrition and upward of 3 million children die annually from malnutri­ effect a realistic attitude toward the Fed­ unanimous consent to address the House tion, largely of this type. This fact is hid­ eral Government. I laud his most re­ for 1 minute and ·to revise and extend my den because these deaths often are recorded cent effort, an article in the February remarks. as being from diarrhea, parasites, and in­ issue of Atlanta magazine. It is a force­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there fectious diseases. If these children were well ful presentation, and I include it at this objection to the request of the gentleman nourished, they would not die of the lnter­ point in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: from Connecticut? current diseases. In those millions it does There was no objection. not kill, malnutrition permanently impairs [From the Atlanta Magazine, February 1966) OUR FRIENDS, THE FEDS Mr. MONAGAN. Mr. Speaker, Sena­ their growth and probably causes irreversi­ tor KENNEDY and others would have us ble mental and emotional damage. The (By Opie L. Shelton) welcome the Vietcong into the process of mother's ignorance is of the greatest im­ The reason Atlanta has become partners portance to the nutrition of the small child with the Federal Government in so many settling the fighting in Vietnam by in­ in that she does not recognize that the child projects is that Georgia's State government viting them to be a part of any future ls suifering from malnutrition. has failed to enter the world of reality where government there. My provision would look to this child her cities are concerned. History indicates that this course health and nutrition problem. It would The old county unit system, one of the would be full of danger. look to the health of the mother. And it greatest calamities any State ever experi­ In this connection, it is appropriate enced, was the prime villain. It placed the to quote the words of the distinguished would provide her, if she wished, in­ absolute control of State government in the formation on family planning and birth historian, Samuel Eliot Morison, in his. hands of people who were openly antagonistic recently published "Oxford History of the control, so that she and her husband to the cities. Atlanta was their favorite might space and number their family in whipping boy. American People." Writing about the the manner in which they feel they could Today Atlanta receives less financial as­ Iron Curtain and the diplomatic mistakes. best support it. Therefore, this provision sistance from the State than any of the which the Allies made at the close of the: would assist the parents, and off er them largest 25 cities of the Nation. Even though war, he says: personal help. the county unit has been abolished (cour­ The final mistake was the assumption that. tesy of the Federal Government) many of a. joint regime, Communist and non-Com­ It would assist the children, now be­ the people who run the State still think in munist, would work in defeated or liberated' ing, and those unborn, to better realize county unit fashion. They still don't under­ countries, like the "popular front" governn. their potentials, and it would move to stand the problem, nor do many of them ments before the war. eliminate the social and political in­ seem to want to understand. stability which accompanies hunger and Georgia has moved from a rural to an Later, he says: frustration. urban society, but so far as the State govern­ The event proved that no popular front: What of the other part of the prob­ ment's reaction to urban needs are con­ with Communists could have any other re­ cerned one might think we were still living sult but a Communist Party takeover. lem-providing more food for the total in a cotton-dominated economy. increases in population which will occur, The State highway department is a good It is clear that we must proceed care­ even if family planning programs are example. If it had not been for the Federal fully in this respect. This does not mean glven a great push. In his message, Government we wouldn't have even the piti­ that Vietcong, as individual South Viet­ President Johnson said: fully few major thoroughfares we have today. namese, would not be listened to along Many of the developing countries urgently That department's philosophy has been so with Buddhists, Catholics, Montag-. need to give a higher priority to improving politically-oriented that the cities have been nards, North Vietnamese exiles, and 3466 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE February 21, 1966 others. It would mean, however, that and will be made in the strife-ridden inquiry into what one of the supervisors they would not be given an opportunity areas of Asia. terms "love-ins," permitted under the to move into sensitive government de­ With your permission I should like to welfare progam in Los Angeles. partments and take over by indirection read the text of my letter to Mr. Greene­ At issue is a rule which permits aid to as was done in Eastern Europe. walt and urge my distinguished col­ a family with dependent children, even It is also educational to recall Presi­ leagues to associate themselves with it if though the man who lives in the house dent Kennedy's statement in Berlin, in they share my belief that a Radio Free is neither married to the mother nor is 1963, when he said: Asia can be an important ally in our the father of the children. I am not impressed by the opportunities struggle for the minds of Asia's peoples: Said Supervisor Frank G. Bonelli: open to popular fronts throughout the world. DEAR MR. GREENEWALT: It is imperative that We have had sit-ins and lie-ins, and now I do not believe that any democrat can suc­ our Nation, through its private citizens as we have love-ins. This places a stigma and cessfully ride that tiger. well as through its Government, do every­ indictment upon supervisors unless we thing possible to offset the fantastic volume actively challenge this phase of the welfare Recent dispatches from Peiping and of vicious propaganda now being drummed program. Hanoi have suggested growing doubts into the minds of the Asian peoples by the Taxpayers must not be forced to subsidize about the conduct of their military effort, Red Chinese. any welfare program that has the inherent the strain on the economy, and the re­ Since World War II, few organizations have danger of promoting illegitimacy, to say sulting emergence of a peace element. done a more effective job of presenting the nothing about apparent outright immorality. Now is the time to emphasize firmness truth to captive nations and their people rather then vacillation. than Radio Free Europe. Most of the time the only access the peoples of Eastern Europe have to the truth is through our own Gov­ RESOLUTION TO BAR DISCRIMINA­ ernment's agency, the Voice of America and TION AGAINST U.S. EMPLOYEES TELEVISING OF HOUSE through Radio Free Europe. PROCEEDINGS Mr. SCHWEIKER. Mr. Speaker, I It becomes increasingly apparent, in these ask unanimous consent to address the Mr. !CHORD. Mr. Speaker, I ask perilous times in Asia, that there is a grave House for 1 minute ·and to revise and unanimous consent to address the House and pressing need for an operation similar to Radio Free Europe in this part of the world. extend my remarks. for 1 minute and to revise and extend my Communist propagandists are expending mil­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there remarks. lions of dollars and thousands of hours of air objection to the request of the gentleman The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there time in an unceasing barrage of hatred from Pennsylvania? objection to the request of the gentleman against America and the free world. There was no objection. from Missouri? We must counteract this relentless Calll­ Mr. SCHWEIKER. Mr. Speaker, I am There was no objection. paign through every effective channel avail­ today introducing a concurrent resolu­ Mr. ICHORD. Mr. Speaker and Mem­ able to us as a free country. tion calling for an end to discrimination bers of the House, the eyes of the Na­ I therefore strongly urge that you and the members of the board of your organization in· the assignment of U.S. employees to tion last week were focused on the South give serious consideration to the formation overseas posts. Vietnam hearings conducted by the Sen­ of a Radio Free Asia. Such action, I am con­ The administration has been practic­ ate Foreign Relations Committee. Most vinced, will assist the official agencies of our ing religious discrimination in its as­ of the appraisals of the hearings that I own Government and those of other free na­ signment of employees abroad, thereby have heard on this side of the Congress tions in this world in their effort to win the preventing assignment of qualified Jew­ have been very unfavorable, but I submit minds of millions away from the seductive and totalitarian infiuence of Red China. ish employees to U.S. posts in Arab-bloc to the Speaker-and I speak primarily to countries. . the House majority floor leader and the The bulk of the world's population lives in this troubled and terror-stricken region. The resolution which I am introduc­ Speaker of the House-that there is one There is no doubt, whatever, that the Chinese ing today expresses the sense of the thing we should have learned frotn these Communist regime recognizes the pivotal role Congress that the President should take hearings: Under no circumstances the commitment of these millions of human such steps as may be necessary to as­ should we ever permit House proceedings beings will play in their quest for world sure that the assignment of U.S. em­ to be televised. The televising of House domination. Our American Government and its people ployees in the United States and at proceedings, Mr. Speaker, is the most ef­ posts abroad shall be made without re­ fective way I know to convert serious de­ stand firmly against the encroachment of communism in southeast Asia. We have gard to race, religion, color, or national liberative proceedings into a first-class made our stand known through economic origin. comedy. assistance and through the commitment of By its demonstrated willingness to go men and arms to aid South Vietnam in its along with the anti-Semitism practiced heroic fight against aggression from the RADIO FREE ASIA by these Arab-bloc countries when as­ North. signing U.S. personnel abroad, the ad­ Mr. ROONEY of Pennsylvania. Mr. We mm;t seek to win the propaganda war ministration is guilty of following a Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad­ as w.ell. And in that war there is no greater double standard, properly outlawing dress the House for 1 minute and to weapon than truth. The American people should be given the discrimination by private employers at revise and extend my remarks. opportunity to enlist in that struggle through home, but improperly discriminating in The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there a voluntary, nonprofit, nongovernmental assigning its own employees abroad. objection to the request of the gentleman ~gency in addition to all the official effort Mr. Speaker, I would welcome the sup­ from Pennsylvania? new being made. Radio Free Asia can be­ port of my colleagues on both sides of There was no objection. come a reality. I pray that you, the members the aisle for this important measure. Mr. ROONEY of Pennsylvania. Mr. of your board and the expert advisers you Speaker, I have this morning sent a let­ have working with you may be aible to make ter to Mr. Crawford H. Greenewalt, it so. A TRIBUTE TO THE U.S. COAST chairman of the board of directors of GUARD RESERVE ON ITS 25TH Radio Free Europe, urging that his orga­ "LOVE-INS" BIRTHDAY nization investigate the feasibility of es­ tablishing a Radio Free Asia in an effort Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. CHAMBERLAIN. Mr. Speaker, I to counteract the relentless barrage of unanimous consent to address the House ask unanimous consent to extend my hate propaganda now being dissemi­ for 1 minute and to revise and extend my remarks at this point in the RECORD. nated by the Communist Chinese remarks. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there throughout southeast Asia. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman My admiration and respect for Radio objection to the request of the gentleman from Michigan? Free Europe is boundless. It has been, from Iowa? There was no objection. and continues to be, one of the most ef­ There was no objection. Mr. CHAMBERLAIN. Mr. Speaker, 25 fective private means of disseminating Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, according years ago, on February 19, 1941, a new truth to the captive nations of Eastern to U.S. News & World Report of Feb­ Reserve component of our Armed Forces Europe ever devised in modern society. ruary 28, 1966, the Board of Supervisors was born, and it is with great pleasure It ls my hope that a similar effort can of Los Angeles County has ordered an tnat I take this opportunity to pay trib- February 21, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 3467 ute to this fine organization, the U.S. southern France, Luzon, Guam, Saipan, POSTSCRIPT ON A SOLDIER Coast Guard Reserve. · Iwo Jima, Okinawa--the Coast Guard From my personal experience and long Reserve made all those stops and a lot Mr. CALLAWAY. Mr. Speaker, I ask association with the Coast Guard Re­ in between. At the conclusion of the unanimous consent to address the House serve, both as a commissioned officer and war the Coast Guard had 802 vessels of for 1 minute, to revise and extend my re­ a member of the House Armed Services its own and in addition was manning marks, and to include extraneous matter. Committee, I can st.ate with a great deal 351 Navy and 288 Army craft. The SPEAKER pro temPore. Is there of conviction that its members, whatever Total personnel had reached a peak of objection to the request of the gentleman their individual backgrounds may be, re­ approximately 174,000 and of that num­ from Georgia? flect one thing in common-devotion, ber more than 150,000 were Coast Guard There was no objection. extreme pride, and an intense feeling of reservists who had entered the service Mr. CALLAWAY. Mr. Speaker, on national responsibility. for wartime duty. Many of that num­ October 6 of last year I rose on the floo·r Prior to the outbreak of World War II, ber formed the nucleus for the establish­ of this House to express my regret and the Coast Guard had no org,anized re­ ment of our regular peacetime Reserve deep concern over a soldier from the serve, and its entire strength numbered and are still serving with Reserve com­ 1st Cavalry Division-Airmobile--who less than 20,000 officers and men. With ponents. Others have completed their had gone on a self-imposed hunger strike ever-increasing duties as the approach­ 20 or more years of satisfactory service protesting his assignment to Vietnam on ing war threatened this Nation, the Coast and, having reached the age of 60, are the grounds that he disagreed with our policy there. On that day, Mr. Speaker, Guard found it neces~ry to expand as now retired under the Reserve Retire­ rapidly as possible, and thus the Coast ment Act. the world had heard a great deal about Guard Reserve came into being. Through its intensive and well-or­ this soldier, Pvt. Winstel Belton and With the outbreak of war in Europe in ganized training program the Coast relatively little about the newly f~rmed September 1939, Coast Guard ships, Guard Reserve is today a highly trained 1st Air Cavalry. But how things have planes, and stations were ordered to car­ and efficient organization which, I am changed since October 6. Over the past ry out extensive patrols to insure that confident, that if called to the defense months the world has learned about the merchant ships in our waters did not vio­ of this Nation, would prove to be both 1st Cavalry. Its victories, its bravery, late the neutrality proclaimed by Presi­ ready and reliable and once again would and its sacrifices are well known and are dent Roosevelt. The next summer the serve with honor and distinction. I am now a matter of record; while the story Coast Guard began its port security oper­ extremely proud to be a member of this of Private Belton has been out of the ations under the revised Espionage Act of organization and honor it here on its news entirely. But, Mr. Speaker, while 1917 and the newly enacted D,angerous 25th anniversary. he has been out of the news, a great Cargo Act. change has come over this soldier. He On November 1, 1941, the Coast Guard has distinguished himself in the service was ordered to operate as part of the BOYCOTTING SHIPS OF NATIONS of his country, he has won honor on the Navy. The next month Pearl Harbor SUPPLYING NORTH VIETNAM · battlefield, and has earned a promotion was bombed, and we were in the war. As to private, first class. Therefore I think in World War I, a big part of the Coast Mr. CHAMBERLAIN. Mr. Speaker, I it only fitting that I insert in th~ RECORD Guard's task was antisubmarine warfare. ask unanimous consent to address the the very gratifying postscript to the story Coast Gu,ard cruising cutters and convoy House for 1 minute and to revise and of Winstel Belton, as reported last week escorts helped with the battle of the At­ extend my remarks. in an article from the Atlanta Journal: lantic as they sank 11 U-boats. At the The SPEAKER pro temPQre. Is there SOLDIER WHO WENT ON STRIKE WINS HONOR same time, more than 4,000 survivors of objection to the request of the gentleman ON BATTLEFIELD torpedoings and other enemy action were from Michigan ?I (By Peter Arnett) rescued from the Atl.antic and Mediter­ There was no objection. BEN CAT, SOUTH VIETNAM.-Six months ranean by Coast Guardsmen. Mr. CHAMBERLAIN. Mr. Speaker, ago a university graduate named Winstel R. But there were losses too. The cutter the action taken on February 18, 1966, Belton staged a 7-day hunger strike at Fort Hamilton went down while in tow after by the Maritime Trades Department of Benning, Ga., to dramatize his distaste for the AFL-CIO in proPosing a boycott of being drafted and his refusal to fight in being torPedoed off Iceland. The Aca­ Vietnam. cia was sunk in the Caribbean; Escanaba, ships of nations which permit any of its flag vessels to carry or supply goods to Thursday a big, proud smile flashed across Leopold, Muskeget, and Natsek in the Belton's face as he was promoted to private, Atlantic; Serpens in the Pacific. Only North Vietnam clearly reflects a deep first class, on a battlefield in South Vietnam. two of the crew survived Escanaba-no concern about this intolerable situation. Looking just as proud was his company one, on board Muskeget, Serpens, or Nat­ It is indeed tragic that the administra­ commander, Capt. R. E. Spriggs of Mexico, sek. More than 90 percent of those who tion ·has remained so indifferent that it N.Y., a professional soldier who hated every­ went down with these vessels were mem­ has become necessary that individual thing Belton's hunger strike had stood for. efforts be undertaken to pressure our Spriggs was furious last November when bers of the newly established Reserve he returned to his unit after recovering from component of the Coast Guard. Government into halting this aid and comfort to our enemy. a bullet wound to find Belton assigned there. When she was desperately needed for Spriggs said Thursday he would take the convoy duty in the North Atlantic and The recent administration action pro­ 26-year-old Winslow, Ariz., soldier into com­ was thrown into the breach to help stem hibiting vessels which engage in trade bat with him anytime, anywhere. the mounting losses to German subma­ with the Hanoi regime from carrying Belton arrived in Vietnam with a 12- rines, the Escanaba was based at Grand U.S. Government financed cargoes, while month suspended jail sentence hanging over Haven, Mich. The members of her crew certainly necessary, is clearly insufficient his head because of his hunger strike in and their families were a valued and to bring about an end to free world mid-August. A court-martial had given him traffic into the harbor of Haiphong. a bad conduct discharge, total forfeiture of highly respected part of that small com­ pay and the jail sentence. If munity. The tragic loss of the Escanaba the administration is not sufficiently But he was also given a chance. with all but two of her crew was a deep concerned to stop this trade then it is Belton, a Negro, was told that if he went and personal tragedy to that entire re­ clearly the responsibility of the Congress to Vietnam and proved himself, he would gion. Today, those men are still to do so. Legislation to close our ports not have to serve his jail sentence. If he mourned in Grand Haven. Each year, to those helping to supply North Viet­ failed, he would serve it. memorial exercises are conducted there, nam is now pending before the Congress His old unit, the U.S. Army's 1st Cavalry in memory of the Escanaba and the gal­ and should receive our early and favor­ Airmobile Division, wouldn't take him back. lant men who perished when that ves­ able consideration. The 1st Infantry Division accepted him. sel went down. Mr. Speaker, this is a simple issue, and Spriggs was the only man in A company of the 2d Battalion, 28th Regiment, who Many more reservists manned landing I predict that if the administration con­ knew that the new radio-telephone operator craft that hit the invasion beaches with tinues to abdicate its resPonsibility of was the hunger striker Belton. assault troops at Guadalcanal, Anzio, leadership it will continue to be shoved Lt. Gus Berzines, a weapons platoon com­ Tarawa, Attu, north Africa, Salerno, Ma­ into doing whatever necessary to stop mander from Kalamazoo, Mich., recalled kin, Kwajalein, Eniwetok, Normandy, this trade. talking with Belton one day about various 3468 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE February 21, 1966 things and finally saying, "You mean you're Chairman WAYNE ASPINALL, and myself make up its mind whether or not to sup­ that Belton?" in the House. More and more men in the unit began port the President's year-old program realizing that Belton had publicly protested With the passage of that law-without to make the Potomac a "model river of what they themselves had accepted as a a dissenting vote-the Accokeek Founda­ scenic and recreation values for the patriotic duty. None of them brought up tion under the presidency of our beloved country." the subject with him except the company colleague, the gentlewoman from Ohio, Let us move quickly to do our part, as commander, and few ever discussed it among FRANCES BOLTON, along with the Alice indicated in these recent editorials: themselves. Ferguson Foundation, agreed to donate [From the Washington (D.C.) Evening Star, "That was his business," said Sgt. Fred­ to the Federal Government, without cost, erick Range of Dallas, Tex. "We treated him Dec. 15, 1965) like any other soldier." about half the land needed to protect the THREAT AT PISCATAWAY Belton, holder of a bachelor of science de­ view. Back in .1961 Congress leaped at a rare gree in education, was initially cold and Beyond that, over 130 private landown­ opportunity to preserve forever, at moderate reserved with his buddies. But the heat of ers have, without cost, donated scenic Federal cost, more than 1,100 acres of choice battles in December and January melted his easements to the Department of the In­ shoreline property along the Potomac near attitude and forged ever-tightening bonds terior to further this effort to save the Maryland's Piscataway Creek-directly across with Spriggs and the other men in the view from Mount Vernon. the river from historic Mount Vernon. company. The State of Maryland has passed pio­ In brief, this remarkable deal provided Initially given the job of laying wires be­ neering tax reform legislation recogniz­ that the Federal Government need buy only tween the company headquarters and the ing the public purpose of these donations, about half the newly authorized Piscataway platoons, he began carrying Spriggs• radio. Park. The remainder, it was understood, Early in January, he proved he had what and the Prince Georges County has would be acquired entirely by private dona­ it takes. passed the first local scenic space laws tion. And the 1961 law also authorized the Sp5c. Larry Kabriel of Summerfield, Kans., in the land, giving tax credits to the Park Service to seek scenic easements-also recalls that the company was under heavy donors. free--restricting obtrusive development in a fire near Trung Lap and an urgent call came This is the greatest joining together vast area of an additional 2,596 acres con­ over the radio for Captain Spriggs. of private, foundation, county, State, and tiguous to the park. The radioman shouted back: "The cap­ Federal efforts to preserve our heritage Well, the private part of the bargain has tain's not here. He's up front. There's progressed with phenomenal success. Thus heavy fire, I can't reach him." for the people of this Nation. far, private foundations have actually do­ Kabriel said Belton shouted out, "It's Here is the one shining example of a nated or committed themselves to donate your duty to get up to the captain," crawled project where everyone has done his some 499 acres for the park. Scenic ease­ over to the reluctant radioman, grabbed the part--except the Federal Government. ments have been contributed by more than apparatus and moved up under fire to his Unless the Federal Government acts 120 landowners, involving about 900 acres captain. now-at this session of Congress--this of land. These generous donations are con­ Spriggs has used him as his radioman great pilot project will dismally fail. ditioned, however, as might be expected, on ever since. the firm understanding that the Government "Belton in his conduct and bearing has Other States, counties, organizations, and meet its obligation. And the sad fact is that been above average as a soldier and a valu­ individuals throughout the Nation, who the time when these donations may begin able asset," Sprigg said. "He has worked in have watched the development of this to revert from Federal control is rapidly very well socially and he has got along with unique project, may well be discouraged approaching. the men. in their efforts. For the Government has not held up its "I am personally satisfied that he now Fortunately, my colleague, the gentle­ end. Thus far, only 97 acres have been honestly believes his actions in the past have man from Maryland, HERVEY MACHEN, bought-largely because the figure author­ not been consistent with being a soldier or a ized for expenditure by Congress in the 1961 man. who took office in January 1965, and who act has proved to be grossly inadequate. Be­ "I personally wrote to the commanding represents the area in Maryland oppo­ fore further funds will be appropriated, the general recommending that he be promoted site Mount Vernon, has placed before us authorization needs to be increased some and his sentence remitted. Belton has seen a bill to get the Federal Government $2.5 million. Representative HERVEY MACHEN men fight and die for his country, and he has moving again. This bill provides for the is leading the sensible legislative fight for felt the honor that comes when you do fight." increases in land prices due to the Gov­ the increase, and seems to have met a stone Spriggs tried to promote Belton 2 months ernment procrastination in purchasing wall. ago, but the Army wanted to wait longer. the remaining acreage needed. The latest frustration surprisingly came Spriggs was told he must be absolutely sure from the conservation-minded Interior De­ Belton had changed his ways. We have been constantly reminding partment itself, which the other day recom­ "I told Belton he deserved to be pro­ the Congress and the executive that fur­ mended to Congress that the Machen bill be moted," Spriggs said. I knew he was happy. ther delays and procrastination will be "deferred" pending the outcome of "a broad I knew he felt he had made it." the death knell of this project to which study" of all of Interior's land-acquisition so many have devoted so much. Con­ programs. The presumption is that the study gressman MACHEN deserves our full sup­ will wind up early next year. But there is MOUNT VERNON port in this campaign to complete this no assurance of that, and, even if there were, task so well begun. any loss of time at this stage of the Piscata­ Mr. SAYLOR. Mr. Speaker, I ask way project constitutes a threat. unanimous consent to extend my remarks To lose all that has been accomplished It is a needless threat. Instead of his wishy­ at this point in the RECORD and include would be a real tragedy. The loss would washy approach, Secretary Udall should be be not only of the millions of dollars beating the drums for the Machen bill. With extraneous matter. assurance that the Federal Government in­ The SPEAKER pro tempare. Is there worth of lands and rights in lands being patriotically donated without cost, but tends to carry out its agreement, there is objection to the request of the gentleman every reason to believe that other donations from Pennsylvania? also the loss of the pilot project in which of land, and many more donations of ease­ There was no objection. Federal funds are outweighed by foun­ ments, would materialize. Without that as­ Mr. SAYLOR. Mr. Speaker, with the dation and private donations, and the surance, the public might wind up with the celebration of George Washington's protection of natural beauty of a large 97 acres the Government now owns and birthday, I must call the attention of the area is accomplished without increased nothing more. Congress to a series of recent editorials expense, dislocation of families, and at­ emphasizing the imminent danger to the tendant problems. [From the Washington (D.C.) Post, view from Mount Vernon if Congress Congressman MACHEN has thought­ Dec. 27, 1965] does not act during this session. fully said: Now OR NEVER These excellent editorials testify to the If we can show the country how we can The broad stretch of wooded land across efforts of my colleague, the gentleman carry out an experiment in cooperative and the Potomac from Mount Vernon has been from Maryland, HERVEY MACHEN, to prod coordinated ·scenic protection such as this marked on the maps for some years as a the administration and the Congress into program at Piscataway Park opposite Mount future Federal park. But unless Congress Vernon, we are setting the stage for a great and the Interior Department act swiftly, the fulfilling the commitment made in the movement across the country. opportunity to preserve that landscape will early 1960's with the passage of Public be lost forever. Law 87-362, to save the view from Mount If "the Congress does not act on Con­ The Government now unconditionally Vernon. This law was introduced by gressman MACHEN's bill this session, we owns only 97 acres of more than 1,100 acres Senator CLINTON ANDERSON in the Sen­ will have failed. We cannot wait longer envisioned for this future Piscataway Park. ate and by the gentleman from Colorado, for the Department of the Interior to Another 151 acres has been donated, but February 21, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 3469 with the agreement that it reverts to its The Prince Georges ordinance permits the But the Interior Department has done noth­ former owner in August 1967, if the park has county to grant a tax credit up to half the ing to endorse the bill, and the reason seems not been substantially completed by then. total real estate tax levied against property unexplainable. Other owners have committed themselves if the owner grants a perpetual scenic .ease­ It appears that a prodding from an ad­ to donate an additional 345 acres, but with ment to Federal, State, or county govern­ ministration that has pledged itself to nat­ similar qualifications. If the Interior ments. ural beauty and cleaning up the Potomac Department does not buy the remaining 520 The ordinance will attract national atten­ River would be appropriate at this time. acres promptly, then, the titles to the tion and "will be noted with interest by those donated land will fall out of its hands and trying to find solutions to conservation prob­ [From the Washington (D.C.) Evening Star, the concept of a riverbank park there will lems that seem insolvable," Udall said. He Jan. 29, 1966] evaporate. also applauded it on the grounds that it The Piscataway Park is becoming a na­ "will save the view from Mount Vernon, the TOP PRIORITY PARKS tional model of the use of easements to pro­ first house in the country." After the most depressing sort of inactiv­ tect parklands in rapidly expanding cities. ity, the prospects suddenly have brightened Some 120 owners have donated development [From the Washington (D.C.) Post, Jan. 17, perceptibly for two vital Federal park proj­ easements covering 888 acres in a broad band 1966) ects along the Potomac in Prince Georges around the park itself; but these easements HOPE FOR PISCATAWAY PARK . County. are also conditioned on prompt completion of President Johnson's request for $2.9 mil­ the park. It appears that the efforts to preserve the lion to finish building the George Washing­ Potomac shoreline across the river from It is inexplicable, then, that the Interior ton Memorial Parkway from the District Department should be delaying the decision Mount Vernon are at long last going to suc­ line to Fort Washington would meet a goal ceed. Without explaining the curious in­ set by Congress 35 years ago. Even more en­ to proceed with this park. It has a clear action of his Department regarding the Pis­ duty to support warmly and actively Con­ couraging, the agreement between Federal, cataway Park project over the past 5 years, State, and county officials on a new compro­ gressman MACHEN's bill to authorize the Secretary of the Interior Stewart L. Udall money for the land that must be purchased. mise route for the road along the river is by raised the hopes of preservationists the other far the best of several possibilities. This river shore's importance to the view day when he announced that Congress will from Mount Vernon gives it a unique claim The second gain, no less important, in­ be requested to authorize purchase of the 520 volves Secretary Udall's new pledge to put his upon the attention of the Department and acres needed to complete the project this of Congress. It cannot be ignored by an Department's full weight this year behind session. Representative MACHEN's bill to expand the administration that prides itself upon its The Secretary's action comes none too regard for natural beauty. Government's authority to buy shorefront soon. Nearly 500 acres of the proposed land across the Potomac from Mount Vernon 1,100-acre Federal park have been donated for the proposed Piscataway Park. [From the Washington (D.C.) Post, or promised by private owners, but the gifts Jan. 15, 1966] The Secretary's top priority label for this are conditioned on the Government pur­ bill is fully deserved. The land, near Mary­ UDALL PROMISES FULL SPEED ON PISCATAWAY chasing the remainder of the land by August land's Piscataway Creek, is to be part of a PARK-PRAISES PRINCE GEORGES' SCENIC 1967. Another 900 acres around the park huge natural park, authorized by Congress 5 EASEMENT LAW have been pledged as development easements years ago as a joint Federal-private venture. (By Ma urine Hoffman) with a similar stipulation. The efforts of conservationists already have Responding to recent criticism, Interior The years of toll and anguish expended produced commitments to donate nearly 500 Secretary Stewart L. Udall promised yester­ by those who would preserve unmarred the acres of land at no public cost. Private citi­ day that the Johnson administration will ac­ -vista from President Washington's home and zens also have promised to grant the Govern­ quire park land to preserve the view from at the same time create a splendid riverside ment scenic easements on a much larger Mount Vernon of the Potomac River shore. park for the residents of the National Capital acreage. All this is contingent, however, on He made the announcement at Mount Ver­ area will be wasted in all probability unless the Government's purchase of some 520 non during a ceremonial signing of the Na­ Representative MACHEN's bill is acted upon. acres, as it agreed to do in 1961. tion's first local law giving tax credit for While the completion of Piscataway Park scenic easements. [From the Baltimore (Md.) News American, will be a notable gain in itself, even larger The law, passed by the Prince Georges Jan. 23, 1966] stakes are involved. For with its use of the County Board of Commissioners, was praised Now OR MAYBE NEVER techniques of scenic easements and land do­ by Udall as a "new conservation tool of na­ Piscataway Park should be of concern and nations on such a broad scale, the machinery tional significance." interest to every Marylander, Virginian, and of the Piscataway project could well become Udall assured about 50 persons gathered at other U.S. citizens. a model for future use elsewhere. Its fail­ the mansion that the "door is now open up It is in Maryland's Prince Georges County, ure, on the other hand, for want of Federal to the H111" for approval of a b111 asking funds but the important thing is that the broad participation, could deal a severe blow to the to purchase land on the Maryland shore of stretch of woodland along the Potomac ambitious conservation plans for the Poto­ the Potomac. River, 15 miles south of the Nation's Capital, mac Basin. The hostess for the ceremony was Repre­ lies opposite Mount Vernon, the stately senta ti ve FRANCES P. BOLTON, Republican, of home of George Washington, a yearly attrac­ Ohio, vice regent of the Mount Vernon Ladles tion to 1,332,000 visitors. NATIONAL HOCKEY LEAGUE Association, which operates the mansion, and For a time this view as George and Martha Mr. FRIEDEL. Mr. Speaker, I ask president of the Accokeek Foundation, which Washington saw it was threatened with has donated land for the proposed park. high-rise apartments, television towers, gaso­ unanimous consent to address the House Other dignitaries present included MACHEN, line storage tanks, and even, at one, period, for 1 minute, to revise and extend my re­ Representative CARLTON D. SICKLES, Demo­ a sewage treatment plant. marks, and to include extraneous matter. crat, of Maryland, and two Prince Georges To prevent this, the Department of the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there delegates to the General Assembly, Dr. Ar­ Interior purchased 97 acres of more than objection to th~ request of the gentleman thur Gorman and Ray McDonough, who 1,100 envisioned for the future Piscataway from Maryland? sponsored State legislation enabling the ordi­ Park. There was no objection. nance. Another 151 acres has been donated, but INDIFFERENCE CHARGED with the agreement that it reverts to its Mr. FRIEDEL. Mr. Speaker, as most Representative HERVEY G. MACHEN, Demo­ former owner in August 1967, if the park of my colleagues are aware, the National crat, of Maryland, sponsor of the bill, charged has not been substantially completed by Hockey League recently granted six ad­ this week that the administration has then. ditional franchises. My own city of blocked the proposal with a "wall of indif­ Other owners have committed themselves Baltimore was an applicant for one of ference" in spite of its pledge to make the to donate an additional 345 acres, but with those franchises and, I .am advised, had Potomac "a model of conservation." similar qualifications. complied with all the league require­ The legislation would make possible the In addition, 120 homeowners in a broad proposed 1100-acre Piscataway Park that belt around the proposed park area have ments for such a franchise. would include the Maryland shore of the given scenic easements for 888 acres. An Much to everyone's surprise, however, Potomac across from Mount Vernon. About easement, for which this park has become Baltimore was not one of those awarded half of the 7Yz-acre river front opposite the a national model, leaves title in the owner's a franchise. Instead, one of the cities mansion has been donated to the Govern­ hands but commits him to restrict its use, granted a franchise had dropped out of ment by two foundations. In addition, 130 such as cutting trees. contention and did not even send a owners of adjacent property have granted But all of this effort may be lost--and the representative to the National Hockey 900 acres of scenic easement for the park. park, too-unless the Department of the In­ The scenic easements will revert to their terior acts now to acquire the remaining League's expansion meeting; another has owners by 1967 unless the Federal Govern­ 520 acres. no arena and will ask the voters of that ment buys the remaining land. Legislation Representative HERVEY G. MACHEN, Demo­ city to approve the erection of one at a to set up the park was originally passed in crat, of Maryland, has introduced a bill to later date. In fact, the whole story as 1961 but has not been implemented. authorize the money for the land purchase. set out in the following article from the 3470 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE February 21, 1966 February 11, 1966, edition of the Bal­ ture that appears so shaky, Norris 'is said to AUTHORIZATION TO INCLUDE VOICE timore News American is a shocking one have a5sured his colleagues he will have somebody, or somebodies, hooked by the RECORDINGS UNDER FREE AIR­ and merits investigation. April 5 deadline given him to produce. If MAIL PRIVILEGES FOR SERVICE­ Mr. Speaker, in keeping with th~t he doesn't-well, that time limit can always MEN SHOULD BE ADOPTED thought I have asked the chairman of be extended, according to the way the NHL the Judiciary Committee to investigate seems to do business.· Mr. MIZE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ imous consent to address the House for the allegations set forth in the newspaper ST. LOUIS OR BUST article. I commend the article to all my 1 minute and to revise and extend my It must be done that way because Norris remarks. colleagues for their reading: is supposed to have made his vote for league SWAMI SAYS: NHL EXPANSION RETAINED expansion conditional upon the inclusion The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there THE INBRED LINE of St. Louis. Without being a financial objection to the request of the gentleman (By N. F. Clarke) genuis, a fellow could guess that a certain from Kansas? For many years the National Hockey League amount of profit could be shown on both There was no objection. ends of such a transaction. has enjoyed, if that is the word, a reputation Mr. MIZE. Mr. Speaker, today I am for being the tightest, most inviolate clique Norris is not exactly a stranger to tying introducing legislation which would au­ in sports. And that, of course, means anyr things up advantageously in all directions. thorize the mailing of voice recordings where because Washington contains congres­ He had his difficulties once before with the anti-trust bloodhounds, when his Interna­ under the free mailing privileges which sional watchdogs who see to it that monopo­ tional Boxing Club was forced to disband we extend to our men in service. listic tendencies are discouraged in other because it was adjudged a constrictive lines of business. Recently, I learned from a newspaper Anyone who imagined that the expansion monopoly. friend of mine, Bill Colvin, editor of the of the NHL now being undertaken repre­ Why was Pittsburgh included in the NHL Manhattan, Kans., Mercury, who visited sented a breach in the solid front at last expansion, when its arena does not even Vietnam at the end of last year and did now has the events of this week to disillu­ come as close as Balitimore's to suiting the a series of articles for his paper, that sion him. There still could be aspects of the major league's seating specifications and must have considerable reconstruction to instead of writing letters, many of our approval of new franchises that possibly men in Vietnam are using tape recorders could bear investigation by antitrust au­ comply? Pittsburgh and Philadelphia are thorities. both in Pennsylvania and their joint in­ and sending messages home in their own clusion would not seem to provide TV as A Maryland Senator might undertake in­ voices on tape. In turn, they are receiv­ comprehensive exposure across the map as ing tapes back in the mail from their troduction of the matter in proper places, it might like. since Baltimore was turned down on a legiti­ families and friends. That's an easy answer, too, it seems. The mate bid, while others of less or no validity Pittsburgh franchise in the AHL which must Mr. Colvin's observation was substan­ according to the NHL's own requisites for be bought out-though in this case not the tiated by a USO survey which revealed application were accepted. city-owned arena-belongs to Bruce Norris. that voice recordings are the one thing The paradox, which badly shocked this The name is not a coincidence. Bruce is the boys a long way from home really town when its representatives were spurned, Jim's brother. How clannish can things want. The tape centers at the USO's are loses its perplexity in the face of certain get? interesting facts. the most popular spots for off-duty serv­ Last is the case of Minneapolis-St. Paul. icemen. There they play the live letters Of what were supposed to be six new fran­ These cities have no arena close to NHL chises open to bidders who could meet re­ from home and record others to send specifications and the group which bid in back. quirements as laid down by the NHL, actu­ the franchise appears to have no intentions ally one only was at all available to Baltimore, to build one. This need was reported to During the last session, we approved in the light of the final expansion. It went rest in the capricious laps of Minnesota legislation to provide free airmail service to Philadelphia, a last-minute entry which voters who will be asked la.ter to approve ·a for letters, post cards, and postal cards has not even the first requisite-a place in civic structure. mailed by members of the Armed Forces which to play. The other five cities accepted turned out RANGERS WEREN'T HELPING who are engaged in· combat or are hos­ to have been foregone conclusions. Los An­ But as in St. Louis and Pittsburgh, the pitalized due to disease or injury suffered geles and San Francisco were absolute musts, Twin Cities couldn't miss. The St. Paul in an overseas area. We also made it an inescapable fact which everyone knew in minor league team, as it happens, is the possible to send parcel post to and from advance. No national television sponsor property of the owners of the New York overseas military posts by airmail at could be sold without proper exposure of his Rangers, who by this move also are keeping reduced rates. message on the west coast, and the only everything in the family. At the time this legislation was passed, reason the NHL ever considered dilating its The Rangers were reported to be backing it was pointed out that changes should cozy little coterie in the first place was to the Baltimore bid-but not, as has been latch onto a share of TV's lush millions. shown, until their Minnesota property was be considered early in the present session taken care of. You can pay no serious atten­ so that these same mailing privileges THEY COULDN' T MISS tion to statements by Ranger official William could be extended to our Armed Forces What was not known in advance, but per­ Jennings that he urged Clipper officials to anywhere in the world. Legislation to haps should have been if the matter were get the stage ripped out of the Civic Center. authorize these extensions as been the given study, was that three other loca­ There is no relevancy. tions could have been equally predictable. subject of hearings by the Postal Opera­ Philadelphia has no building out of which tions Subcommittee of the Post Office St. Louis, Minneapolis-St. Paul and Pitts­ a stage could be ripped. It hasn't in fact, burgh were not rated among contenders as an ything but an idea that it can first find and Civil Service Committee. prime as, for instance, Baltimore, Vancouver, the money and then get a $20 million palace It is expected that a bill will be re­ and Buffalo. St. Louis, in fact, dropped out built, all in a year and a half. ported out in the near future for debate when the original group there reported dif­ It also has as principal owner William in the House. I would hope that any ficulties and did not even send represent­ Putnam. A source close to the Clippers in­ new legislation which the Congress ap­ atives to the NHL's New York expansion sists that Putnam has been a business asso­ meeting. ciate of Canadian promoter and sports entre­ proves can carry authority to transmit But, with no one bidding-which after all preneur Jack Kent Cooke. It was Cooke, the tapes on the same basis as letters, is an essential even more basic than a play­ owner of the NBA Los Angeles Lakers and post cards, and postal cards. It is easy to ing arena-the NHL nabobs still saw their part owner of the NFL Washington Redskins, see why a voice recording would be pref­ way clear to admitting St. Louis to the fold. who was awarded the Los Angeles franchise erable to an ordinary letter, and how Naturally, that was not as miraculous, or as in the NHL over four competitors, one of idiotic, as it seems. It happens that James whom was Dan Reeves, the NFL Rams' owner hearing the voice of the serviceman Norris, owner of the Chicago Black Hawks of who brought ice hockey to that city as owner would lift the spirits of the family back the NHL, also owns the St. Louis club of of the Western League Blades. home, and how hearing the voices of the the minor central league as well as the rink The whole thing at this stage appears to wife and children would be a tremendous in which it plays. be an untidy, 111-conceived wheels-within­ morale booster for the serviceman in Though that arena is rumored about to be wheels mess. And the inbred tangle might either a hot or cold war situation. It condemned to permit expansion of Washing­ never get off the ground, especially if Wash­ ton University and there seems a certain ingt on should cast a critical eye at its seem­ makes good sense, in my judgment, to reluctance among potential angels about ing ramifications. Baltimore's hopes might extend the free mailing privileges to in­ putting up the necessary millions for a ven- not be dead yet. clude these voice letters. ' ,,. ' Februa?t>y 21, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 3471

BLUEPR~ FOR THE FUTURE tain that there are some people who just and the significant activities of nongov­ UNITED STATES ~do not want to work. ernmental groups. But, Mr. Speaker, the most surprising RECE;NT STUDIES Mr. JONES of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, suggestion, and the one which violates I ask unanimous consent to address the The list of recent activities in this field every principle of those great liberals is heartening. For example, on Janu­ House for 1 minute and to revise and · w.ho have been pleading against discrim­ extend my remarks; ary 1, 1966, the first Federal regulation The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there ination wherever it exists, is the idea on weather modification became effec­ that the President's Council, as a supple­ tive. The National Science Foundation objection to the request of the gentleman ment to the negative income tax, pro­ from Missouri ?1 issued rules providing that advance poses special checks to be mailed to Ne­ notice of intention to modify the weather There was no objection. groes because they are Negroes. And Mr. JONES of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, must be given to the Foundation. the reasoning behind this? It is sup­ More recently, two significant reports during the past week, I read an article, posed to be a part payment for what is entitled "Blueprint for the Future United by advisory groups have been issued. A referred to as "300 years of systematic two-volume study by a National Acad­ States." Had the article not appeared denial" of equal opportunity in this in the U.S. News & World Report-Feb­ emy of Sciences panel, released January ·Country. The article goes on to say that 14, reviewed in detail the physical sci­ ruary 21 issue, page 60-which in my Negro leaders who have suggested this opinion is the most reliable of the news ence aspec.ts of weather and climate magazines, I would have discounted the idea which apparently has been em­ modification. Five days later the Na­ projected forecast of things to come as braced by the President's Council in its tional Science Foundation's Special being some kind of fantasy. · However, ever-expanding appeasement policy, Commission on Weather Modification is­ coordinating some of the recommenda­ have mentioned $10 billion a year as a sued a broad report covering the bio­ tions which have been made, with the 'reasonabie amount. logical and social aspects, statistical Because this article is readily acces­ problems, problems df law and organiza­ possibilities tha ·~ can emerge from the recommendations of the do-=gooders, the sible to anyone who is interested I am tion, and international implications, as predictions in this article are nothing not requesting permission to include the well as physical science aspects. Addi­ short of frightening. . article as a part of my remarks, for cer- . tional reports by the Special Commis­ tainly if my leftwing friends keep think­ sion will soon be forthcoming. Take for instance this one statement: ing up more ways to spend our hard­ Congress, too, has indicated its inter­ All past ideas about limits on what a gov­ earned tax dollars, even if they have to ernment can do, or what a government can est in scheduling additional ·hearings on afford, are being junked in the plan for the go further in debt, I am going to have weather and climate modification dur­ future. to continue to find more ways to save ·ing this session. · money. It is striking that separate groups deal­ Already we have seen the accuracy of ing seriously with this problem have, another statem~nt: after long study, arrived at similar and The role of the individual States will .SEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON significant conclusions. dwindle and their power will fade. WEATHER MODIFICATION-MES­ The-National Academy of Sciences re­ Mr. Speaker, I think the U.S. News & SAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF port, for example, says: World Report has performed a most val­ THE UNITED STATES (H. DOC. In a sense, weather modifl.cation today ls a uable service in alerting the public to NO. 385) reality. Man can and does interfere with some of the dangers which lie ahead. the atmosphere in a number of ways. His The SPEAKER pro tempore laid be­ ability to produce deliberate beneficial The question is, Will this Congress face fore the House the fallowing message changes ls still very limited and uncertain, up to its responsibilities in trying to from the President of the United States; but it is no longer economically or political­ maintain some semblance of common­ which was read and, together with the ly trivial. sense, and fiscal responsibility, in the accompanying papers, referred to the The report of the Special Commission, face of the drive which is now underway Committee on Interstate and Foreign t.o convert this Nation into the most so­ in a markedly similar passage, says: Commerce and ordered to be printed, Weather and climate modification is be­ cialistic state that this world has ever with illustrations: knoVJn? coming a reality. The daily activities of man influence the atmosphere in a number of When I read that in the America of the To the Congress of the United States: ways and his ability to induce deliberate future "every citizen is supposed to be I am transmitting, for the considera­ changes in measurable magnitude by arti­ guaranteed a minimum income, and a tion of the Congress, the Seventh An­ ficial means is progressing. college education if he wants one," I nual Report on Weather Modification cannot help but wonder what would be (for fiscal year 1965) submitted to me by The report I submit today says it an­ the criteria, if any, to be used. Should the Director 'of the National Science other way: we require those individuals to put forth Foundation. In 1965, key words are no longer "whether" any effort, or are we going to abandon and "when." They are "what" and "ho·W" Highly encouraging steps are being and "who." the age-old pr~ept that man must live taken toward establishing safe and ef­ by the sweat of his brow. Do we intend fective programs for modifying the PROBLEMS--AND PROGRESS to abandon the idea that ambition is no weather. We can now begin to see the Two sets of problems face us and both longer a virtue, and that incentive has day when such programs may become are difficult. One consists of finding out no place in our way of life? operationally feasible. This is an excit­ how to modify the weather and climate. More disturbing is the statement, ing and encouraging development--not The second consists of determining how which I know is true; namely, that "the only for Americans, but for men best to utilize this knowledge for the President's Council of Economic Advisers everywhere. benefit of mankind once it is achieved. in late January first officially recognized Last year, in transmitting to the Con­ The scientists and engineers inside and the concept of a negative income tax-a gress the sixth annual report, I indi­ outside the Government must address concept that calls for mailing checks themselves particula·rly to the first set of cated the need for a larger effort in basic problems. All of us, as concerned citi­ from the U.S. Treasury to poor people to research and in the development of assure everybody a guaranteed minimum zens, must seriously consider the second. income," even though the President's means to put the knowledge we have to At present it appears feasible, under special commission recognizes that such work. appropriate conditions, to seed some a program could cost anywhere from $2 That increased effort is noted in this kinds of clouds and achieve increased to $20 billion a year. report. It describes not only the vigor­ precipitation. It is also possible, under The question naturally arises, "Where ous pursuit of weather modification pro­ certain conditions, to dissipate some is the money coming from?" if everybody grams by agencies of the executive types of fog. Partial success has been is to get a minimum income without branch-but also the valuable stimulus reported from abroad in reducing hail working-and Mr. Speaker, I still main- afforded by committees of the Congress, damage. 3472 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE February 21, 1966 As our understanding of atmospheric Mr. GROSS. I will say to the gentle­ Mr. ROGERS of Colorado. May I say, processes increases, our ability to do man that I am glad to have the assur­ Mr. Speaker, the gentleman has access more will also increase. Even now, men ance there will perhaps be some economy to as many of these reports on the bills are dreaming and planning of projects as a result of this bill. However, I wish as I have. This bill only deals with a that will some day enable us to mitigate the committee could have added some­ limitation to the effect that the judge the awesome and terrible forces of hurri­ thing in the bill to circumscribe those cannot appoint some referee or part-time canes and tornadoes. Such a time is still people who are slipping around the world referee to a PoSition as a receiver. far off, but perhaps not so far off as we committing the Government and the Mr. GROSS. Somewhere I believe I thought only a few years ago. taxpayers of this country to the spend­ read recently that last year we had an That so much is being done now is a ing of a lot of money, and committing all-time record of bankruptcies in this credit not only to the men of science them perhaps to sending troops over the country. That may be a little bit working in the field, but also to the un­ world. strong-I do not know. It is hard to derstanding and support of the Congress Mr. Speaker, since this bill does not conceive that in these days when we are which has expressed its interest in and deal with that, I withdraw my reserva­ supposedly wallowing-according to the support of this field of great national tion of objection. gentleman over in the White House-in interest. I commend to your continuing The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there prosperity that we would be running a · interest this report and the important objection to the present consideration of record number of bankruptcies. efforts that it describes. the bill? Mr. ROGERS of Colorado. It is true LYNDON B. JOHNSON. There being no objection, the Clerk that this is an administrative bill. THE WHITE HOUSE, February 18, 1966. read the bill, as fallows: Mr. GROSS. Does it not seem strange H.R. 12232 to the gentleman from Colorado that we Be it enacted by the Senate and House of are having all these bankruptcies when CONSENT CALENDAR Representatives of the United States of we are supposed to be wallowing in pros­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. This is America in Congress assembled, That section perity and there are those in high places Consent Calendar day. The Clerk will 113 of title l, United States Code, is hereby who say we can afford to spend money call the first bill on the Consent Calendar. amended to read as follows: for anything and everything under the "§ 113. 'Little and Brown's' edition of laws sun. and treaties; slip laws; Treaties and Mr. ROGERS of Colorado. That Other International Acts Series; ad­ PROVIDING FOR ADMISSIBILITY IN missibility in evidence. would have nothing to do with this bill. EVIDENCE OF SLIP LAWS AND THE "The edition of the laws and treaties of the Mr. GROSS. I see. TREATIES AND OTHER INTERNA­ United States, published by Little and Brown, Mr. Speaker, I withdraw my reserva­ and the publications in slip or pamphlet tion of objection. TIONAL ACTS SERIES (T!AS) form of the laws of the United States issued The SPEAKER pro tempiore. Is there The Clerk called the bill (H.R. 12232) under the authority of the Administrator objection to the present consideration of to amend title 1 of the United States of General Services, and the Treaties and the bill? Code to provide for the admissibility in Other International Acts Series issued under There being no objection, the Clerk evidence of the slip laws and the Treaties the authority of the Secretary of State shall be competent evidence of the several public read the bill, as follows: and other International Acts series, and and private Acts of Congress, and of the s. 1924 for other purposes. treaties, international agreements other than Be it enacted by the Senate and House of The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there treaties, and proclamations by the President Representatives of the United States of objection to the present consideration of of such treaties and international agree­ America in Congress assembled, That the the bill? ments other than treaties, as the case may last sentence of paragraph b of section 39 of Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, reserving be, therein contained, in all the courts of the Bankruptcy Act (11 U.S.C. 67b) is the right to object, I wonder if the gen­ law and equity and of maritime jurisdiction, amended to read as follows: and in all the tribunals and public offices "Active part-time referees, and referees tleman from Colorado could tell me of the United States, and of the several receiving benefits under paragraph (1) of whether this bill will in any way put States, without any further proof or authen­ subdivision d of section 40 of this Act, shall a restriction upon the multiplicity of tication thereof." not practice as counsel or attorney or act as executive branch people who are run­ SEC. 2. The analysis of chapter 2 of title trustee or receiver in any proceeding under ning around the world making commit­ 1, United States Code, preceding section 101, this Act." ments which seem to have the validity is amended by striking out-- Amend the title so as to read: "An Act to of treaties. Would this put any restric­ "113. 'Little and Brown's' edition of laws amend section 39b of the Bankruptcy Act so tions upon these people? and treaties; admissibility in evi­ as to prohibit referees from acting as trustees dence." or receivers in any proceeding under the Mr. ROGERS of Colorado. Mr. Bankruptcy Act." Speaker, will the gentleman yield? and inserting in lieu thereof the following: Mr. GROSS. Yes, of course. "113. 'Little and Brown's' edition of laws With the following committee amend­ Mr. ROGERS of Colorado. This has and treaties; slip laws; Treaties and ment: nothing to do with treaties or what the Other International Acts Series; No. 1. Strike all after the enacting clause State Department or the Senate may admissibility in evidence." and insert in lieu thereof the following: confirm or agree with. What it does The bill was ordered to be engrossed "That the sooond and third sentences of is make it possible in courts of law to and read a third time, was read the third paragraph b of section 39 of the Bankruptcy have the so-called Little and Brown edi­ Act (11 U.S.C. 67b) are amended to read as time, and passed, and a motion to recon­ follows: 'Active full-time referees shall not tions of laws and treaties declared to be sider was laid on the table. exercise the profession or employment of competent legal evidence. counsel or attorney, or be engaged in the This bill would extend the statutory practice of law; nor act as trustee or receiver declaration to include slip laws issued PROHIBITING REFEREES IN BANK­ in any proceeding under this A.ct. Active by the Administrator of General Serv­ part-time referees, and referees rooeiving ices and TIAS issued by the Secretary RUPTCY FROM ACTING AS TRUST­ benefits under paragraph ( 1) of subdivision of State. EES OR RECEIVERS d of section 40 of this Act, shall not practice This bill should enhance economy and The Clerk called the bill CS. 1924) to as counsel or attorney nor act as trustee or efficiency by making it unnecessary in amend section 39b of the Bankruptcy receiver in any proceeding under this Act.'" the future to certify or authenticate Act so as to prohibit a part-time referee The committee amendment was agreed photostatic copies of originals of laws from acting as trustee or receiver in any to. or of treaties. The bill was recom­ proceeding under the Bankruptcy Act. The bill was ordered to be read a third mended by the Department of State and The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there time, was read the third time and passed. has the approval of the Judicial Con­ objection to the present consideration of The title was amended so as to read: ference of the United States, the De­ the bill? "A bill to amend section 39b of the partment of Justice and the Adminis­ Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, reserving Bankruptcy Act so as to prohibit referees trator of General Services. the right to object, I wonder if my friend, from acting as trustees or receivers in any This measure is a clean bill incorporat­ the gentleman from Colorado, could tell proceeding under the Bankruptcy Act." ing certain technical amendments made me how we are doing in the matter of A motion to reconsider was laid on the to its predecessor, H.R. 9240. bankruptcies in this country these days? table. February 21, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 3473 RECOGNIZING THE 50TH ANNIVER­ to the people of the United States in foster­ reports made to it each year by this organiza­ ing habits, practices, and attitudes con­ tion in accordance with such charter; SARY OF THE CHARTERING BY ducive to good character, citizenship, and Whereas these programs and activities have ACT OF CONGRESS OF THE BOY health in the youth of this Nation. been designed to instill in boys the moral SCOUTS OF AMERICA On June 15, 1916, a Federal charter was and ethical principles, and the habits, prac­ The Clerk called the concurrent resolu­ conferred on the Boy Scouts of America by tices, and attitudes, which are conducive to act of Congress (39 Stat. 227; 36 U.S.C. 21). good character, citizenship, and health; and tion objection to the present consideration Tribe of the Mescalero Reservation. declare that 99.84 acres of Government­ of the bill? There being no objection, the Clerk owned land acquired for Indian adminis­ Mr. JOHNSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. read the bill, as follows: trative purposes is held by the United Speaker, reserving the right to object, I H.R. 12264 States in trust for the Apache Tribe of would like to interrogate the chief Be it enacted by the Senate and House of the Mescalero Reservation. handler of this bill. Representatives of the United States of The Mescalero tribe of Apache Indians. I notice in these bills, which have to America in Congress assenibled, That all of is making a strong bid for improved do with the title to Indian lands, there is the right, title, and interest of the United housing for its members. In order to a thread that seems to go all through States in and to a tract of land situated in provide needed land on which to build them that the land will be used for re­ sections 27 and 28, township 13 south, range low-rent housing for these Indians, this development purposes, and so forth. I 12 east, New Mexico principal meridian, and land should be held in trust by the United improvements thereon, formerly used for In­ also note that title to these lands is being dian administrative purposes, are hereby States for them. Already existing f acili­ put in trust in the United States. In the declared to be held by the United States in ties will thus be protected, such items as event that the Indian tribes want to con­ trust fcxr the Apache Tribe of Mescalero water and sewage systems, sewage treat­ vey these lands with title in, trust to the Reservation, New Mexico, subject to valid ment facilities, and telephone and power­ United States, who would sign the con­ existing rights, and subject to the right of lines. The desperate need for adequate veyance? Is there a method by which the United States to use any of said land homes is readily apparent when one con­ these lands can be conveyed once they and improvements for governmental pur­ siders that of the resident population,. poses for the benefit of the Indians. The are placed in trust in the United States? land is within the Mescalero Reservation and 97 percent of the homes lack refrigera­ Mr. ASPINALL. Mr. Speaker, will the is commonly known as small holding claim tio.n, sanitation facilitie.s are inadequate gentleman yield? numbered 485, United States Land Office in 95 percent of the homes, the current. Mr. JOHNSON of Pennsylvania. I serial numbered Las Cruces 07366, contain­ average four-room home contains 6.5 yield. ing approximately 99.84 acres. It is identi­ persons, and 94 percent of all homes are Mr. ASPINALL. Title would have to fied on supplemental plats of survey of sec- classed as substandard. Using the Office be transferred then by the Secretary on . tions 27 and 28, township 13 south, range 12 of Economic Opportunity Poverty-level east, New Mexico principal meridian, New the authority given by Congress. These Mexico, accepted April 30, 1936, as "Private standard-family income of $3,000 or are reservation lands. The gentleman Claim 485". less annually---one finds that 75.8 percent is correct in noting that in some instances SEC. 2. The Indian Claims Commission is of Mescalero families have incomes below we have transferred the land in fee directed to determine in accordance with the the poverty level. to the Indians and then they can alien­ provisions of section 2 of the Act of August There is a scarcity of tribal land suit­ ate the title themselves, but in most of 13, 1946 (60 Stat. 1050), the extent to which able for contemplated Indian housing .. these operations in the small areas, like the value of the title conveyed by this Act The tribe in the 10-year planning report the three bills on today's Calendar, we should or should not be set off against any for the Secretary of the Interior, stated did not think it was quite· appropriate claim against the United States determined that 156 low-rent housing units were to place the title in fee so far as the In­ by the Commission. needed. A portion of the tract involved dians are concerned, because then they Mr. HALEY. Mr. Speaker, the pur­ in the present bill is ideally situated for would have to assume the responsibili­ pose of H.R. 12264 is to transfer the ben­ this purpose, but before an agreement. ties of paying taxes, and so forth, and eficial title to a 99.84 acre tract of land can be reached with the Public Housing­ in these particular areas they should not and improvements thereon now owned Administration, title to the land must be assume that responsibility. by the United States to the Apache Tribe in the tribe. Mr. JOHNSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. of the Mescalero Indian Reservation in The land of this 99 .84 acre tract lies Speaker, as placing title to these lands New Mexico in order to provide the land entirely within the bounds of the Mesca­ in the United States will save these tribes needed on which to build low-rent hous­ lero Indian Reservation as set apart by from becoming a victim of designing per­ ing for these Indians. I have long sup­ Executive Order 25861 of May 29, 1873. sons, I withdraw my reservation of objec­ ported legislation that is intended to ex­ However, it developed that this property tion. pedite the assimilation of the American had been settled prior to the Executive The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Indian into the mainstream of our so­ order by a non-Indian. The rights of objection to the present consideration of ciety. Transfer of title for this land to the non-Indian were not determined un­ the bill? the Mescalero Apache Tribe will be, in til 1915 by which time buildings and There being no objection, the Clerk my estimation, another step forward in other facilities of the Mescalero Indian read the bill, as follows: this direction. school and agency had been constructed H.R.10431 The purpose of H.R. 12265 is to au­ on the land. This non-Indian's interest Be it enacted by the Senate and House of thorize the Secretary of the Interior to was purchased by the Government for Representatives of the United States of declare that the United States holds in $10,000 in 1918. America in Congress assembled, That all trust for the New Mexico pueblos of The Government discontinued use of right, title, and interest of the United States Acoma, Sandia, Santa Ana, and Zia cer­ this property about 1953 for agency and in land heretofore used in connection with tain lands and improvements now owned school purposes and since that t jme the the White Earth Indian Boarding School by the United States if and when they are area has been used beneficially by the described as the southwest quarter north­ tribe for agriculture on a permit basis. east quarter section 23, township 142 north, no longer needed by the Government. range 41 west, fifth principal meridian, The approximate total of acreage in­ A parcel of 12.49 acres of the tract is Becker County, Minnesota, comprising 40 volved here is some 435 acres of land now used· by the Bureau of Sport Fish­ acres, excepting all improvements thereon previously set aside by the Government eries and Wildlife in connection with a that are the property of individual tribal for school and administrative use. The lease made with the tribe for the use of members, are hereby declared to be held by total value of the land and improvements 18.15 acres of tribal land adjoining the the United States in trust for the Minnesota thereon is approximately $31,000. In my land in question, for the Mescalero Na­ Chippewa Tribe. considered opinion the aforementioned tional Fish Hatchery. The tribe has The bill was ordered to be engrossed New Mexico pueblos will be able to make agreed by resolution to execute a new and read a third time, was read the third good use of this land by erecting commu­ lease to continue making this tract avail­ time and passed, and a motion to recon­ nity centers or for agricultural and graz­ able to the Bureau of Sport Fisheries if sider was laid on the table. ing purPQses. Passage of H.R. 12265 will this bill is enacted into law. relieve the Federal Government of re­ In view of the urgent needs of the Mes­ sponsibility for maintaining the build­ calero tribe for improvements in its eco­ LAND FOR THE APACHE TRIBE, ings on the land and the Indians will nomic and housing conditions I feel that MESCALERO RESERVATION this bill will, if enacted, make possible assume the responsibility for maintaining a long step forward for this tribe. The Clerk called the bill

have been drifting for a number of years, FAm TRIAL _AND FREE PRESS The judge issued the order but he crossed and let's remember that drifting .articles (By Raymond L. Spangler, at the Carlos out the words "to the press." He thus {dollars) always go downstream. McClatchy Memorial Lecture, Stanford muzzled the officers completely except in We are reminded that Ella Wheeler Wilcox University, February 14, 1966) preparation of the case to court trial, or fur­ once wrote: ther investigation related to law enforce­ When Mr. Weigle and I discussed the topic "One ship drives east, ment. The order was issued November 23. for this lecture we d.ecided on fair trial and The press and the public were barred from another west, free press in order to explore again the thesis With the self-same gale the preliminary hearing. that this is not a matter of choice; rather George Rosenberg, managing editor of the that blows; that you can't have one without the other. 'Tis the set of the sail Tucson Daily Citizen, went down fighting. This has been a popular theme with lectur­ He called upon the spokesmen for the press and not the gale ing editors. J. Russell Wiggins, editor of the That determines the way we go." throughout the country to issue statements. Washlngton Post, did it for the Nieman re­ They complied. Most of them denounced It ls certainly time for us to examine the port in March of 1964. Angelus T. Burch, the judge. setting of our financial sails and steer our then associate editor of the Chicago Daily The issue was at a stalemate until a col­ ship of government into the harbor of per­ News, told the bar assoclation of the State lege editor on the University of Arizona sonal responsibility and there permanently of Kansas about the same thing in 1955. campus, a bright young man named Soto­ drop anchor. If we do not change the trend, Vermont Royster, editor of the Wall Street mayor, printed a fiery editorial demanding to we will, I fear, trade our freedom for an ulti­ Journal, used the same title in February know where are the fighting editors of Ari­ mate withering subsidy and become a sub­ 1965, for the North Carolina Law Review. zona today. ject rather than a citizen. Yet things are happening so rapidly in this Sigma Delta Chi, the professional journal­ Kipling once wrote: national conflict between the press and the ism society of which I happen to be presi­ bar in 1966 that I'm no longer certain tha.t dent, got into the act through its Southern "God of our fathers, known of old, our dialog is amicable or that it is lead­ Lord of our farflung battle lines, Arizona Professional Chapter at Tucson. It ing to mutual understanding. voted to fight the judge's order all the way Beneath whose awful hand we hold, The average person, if there is any such, to the Supreme Court. Dominion over palm and pine. probably could not care less except in two There is no unanimity of opinion on this Lord, God of Hosts, be with us yet, points of con tact: When a crime is oom­ matter among the press. William Matthews, Lest we forget, lest we forget." mi tted by someone else, he wants to know editor of the Star in Tucson, said the judge Let's never forget what? History reveals all about it. That's free press. But if the was right and we who protest are fools. that every nation that has followed the prim­ crime involves him, he wants it kept out of Parenthetically, those of you who are wor­ rose path of the welfare state has lost the the paper. That's fair trial. ried about the editorial integrity of the two value of its currency and the individual has In the Bill of Rights we have article I: San Francisco newspapers which merged re­ lost his economic freedom. "Congress shall make no law respecting an cently into a common printing operation, We are firmly of the opinion that in the establishment of religion, or prohibiting may take some heart from the Tucson inci­ afternoon of life when the gold of the sunset the free exercise thereof; or abridging the dent. The two Tucson newspapers are in has been driven away by the gray of the twi­ freedom of speech or of the press." court on an antitrust matter. They, too, light, there will be more dignity, joy, and Then we have article VI: "In all criminal are printed in a common plant, and now freedom in living off the profits that we prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the have common ownership. However confus­ have created for ourselves rather than in right to a speedy and public trial, by an ing, the difference of opinion between Mr. wondering for whom to vote in order to keep impartial jury of the State and district Rosenberg and Mr. Matthews is exemplary a political stipend from being cut. wherein the crime shall have been com­ in this situation. It demonstrates editorial There is a poem I like very much: mitted, which district shall have been independence in two sides of the same house. previously ascertained by law, and to be in­ However, we have not been able to per­ "Truth forever on the scaffold, formed of the nature and cause of the ac­ suade Mr. Rosenberg's paper to become an Wrong forever on the throne, cusation; to be confronted with the witnesses aggrieved party in the Schmid matter and Yet the scaffold sways the future, against him; to have compulsory process for to appeal t:he judge's order, even though And behind the dim unknown obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the judge himself suggested that his order, Standeth God, within the shadow, the assistance of counsel for his defense." since it is without precedent, be tested. Keeping watch above His own." At first blush there doesn't seem to be any This fight may be lost not for want of valor, I know you join me in the prayer that to­ conflict between these two; but there is, and but because we lack a legally constituted night God is somewhere out there watching the discussions between the press and the champion. over America, and that in some way, some bar have been going on for decades. We-the The danger of the Tucson order-unlimited how He will give us the courage to retain press-are accused of poisoning the font in either time or scope-is that it establishes the principles that have made our country of justice before it begins to flow by pub­ a precedent. the most blessed place this side of Heaven. lishing prejudicial material. By way of illustration, let me read you a These discussions have been heating up recent Associated Press story from Bastrop, to the point that in January of this year Tex.: "District Judge Leslie D. Williams FAffi TRIAL AND FREE PRESS the Freedom of Information Center at the warned officers of his court from the sheriff University of Missouri felt it necessary to up or down against saying anything about Mr. HUTCmNSON. Mr. Speaker, I issue a special situation paper discussing the any case, any crime, anything until it comes ask unanimous consent that the gentle­ chronology of curbs, suggested and enforced, into this court. The judge told news re­ man from California [Mr. YOUNGER] may on the release of information concerning porters they could use what they heard com­ extend his remarks at this paint in the and the coverage of crime in criminal pro­ ing from the witness stand in open court, RECORD and include extraneous matter. ceedings 1963 through 1965. It was but that was all." prompted by a series of exceptional judicial This is the judge's interpretation of the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there actions barring pretrial and trial coverage new Texas law which went into effect Jan­ objection to the request of the gentleman which erupted in November and December of uary 1. This law says in part: "It is the from Michigan? last year in several Western States. duty of the trial court, the attorney repre­ There was no objection. One of the most interesting of these cases senting the State, the attorney representing Mr. YOUNGER. Mr. Speaker, Mr. occurred in Tucson, Ariz. the accused and all officers of the law to so Raymond L. Spangler, publisher of the Gretchen and Wendy Fritz, teenage daugh­ conduct themselves as to insure the defend­ Redwood City, Calif., Tribune, and na­ ters of Dr. and Mrs. William Fritz of Tuc­ ant of a fair trial upon the presumption of tional president of Sigma Delta Chi, has son, disappeared last August 16. Their innocence and at the same time afford the bodies were found in the desert north of the public the benefit of a free press"-a master­ been active in journalism and public city on November 10. Alleen Rowe, 15, dis­ ful restatement of the problem, but with no affairs for some 41 years, and he has an appeared May 31. Her body has not been solution. unusually keen ability to analyze the found. Obviously, the Texas judge believes that news. Following is an address entitled, Charles Howard Schmid, Jr., 23, Tucson, the free press has a right to print news, but "Fair Trial and Free Press," which was is charged with the murder of all three in no right to gather it. given by Mr. Spangler as the second an­ two separate actions. Two other defendants Many members of the bar openly advocate nual Carlos McClatchy Memorial Lec­ were charged in the Rowe case. They have the English system. ture at Stanford University on Monday, entered pleas of guilty, have been sentenced In England newspapers have been held in and have offered to testify against Schmid. contempt and have been punished for dis­ February 14. The Carlos McClatchy The attorney for Schmid requested the cussing evidence which was later ruled in­ Memorial Lecture was established in court to restrain the district attorney, the admissible; for doing their own detective 1964 to bring to the university news­ sheriff and the chief of police from making work and publishing that; for revealing facts papermen who have distinguished them­ any comment, written, oral or visual in the not brought out in open court, or for pub­ selves in public life. Schmid case to the press. lishing pictures of the accused. 3482 CONGRESSIONAL' RECORD - HOUSE February 21, 1966 Only by limiting its accounts to a fair and rably the benefits of a free and independent communicatlon of information and ideas. accurate report of trial proceedings as they press." The suggestion that there are limits upon progress can a newspaper man in England In 1963 Billie Sol Estes was sentenced to the public's right to know what goes on in feel safe from judicial retaliat ion. The law 15 years in prison for mail fraud and con­ the courts causes me deep concern. The idea is also entirely judge made and judge con­ spiracy in manipulating worthless fertilizer of imposing upon any medium of communi­ trolled, and I believe this is what we now see tank morrtgages worth $24 million. U.S. Dis­ cations the burden of justifying its presence evolving in the United States despite the trict Judge R. E. Thomason described the is contrary to where I had always thought first amendment. The English newspapers, onetime millionaire financier as the most the presumption must lie in the area of however, sat on the Christine Keeler-John gigantic swindier in history. This was the first amendment freedoms-and the proposi­ Profumo case for 6 months. In this coun­ Federal case. tion that nonparticipants in a trial might try "that conspiracy of silence would have In 1962, a State trial jury convicted the get the wrong impression from unfettered made us partners in the crime. promoter on a charge of swindling and set reporting and commentary contains an in­ If England, Texas and Arizona are a bit his sentence at 8 years in the State peniten­ vitation to censorship which I cannot remote, let us take a look at California. tiary. The Federral and State terms were to accept." Here we have the judicial council with run concurrently. No doubt the California Judicial Council certain delegated authorities in the admin­ The State conviction was appealed to the was influenced by this decision. There is istration of our State courts. U.S. Supreme Court. A decision was handed nothing specific in its report indicating why This council met in San Francisco No­ down June 7, 1965. The State conviction was it was necessary to strengthen canon 35 with vember 26 and voted to prohibit newspaper reversed by a vote of 5 to 4. the Council Rule 980 on January 1. But it photography, recording for broadcast, and Mr. Justice Stewart, Mr. Justice Black, Mr. was done and canon 35 now has the force of broadcasting within a courtroom while the Justice Brennan, and Mr. Justice White dis­ law. Assemblyman Willson's committee con­ court is in session or during any midmorn­ sented. tinues its work. I had the pleasure of ap­ ing or midafternoon recess, except for cere­ Mr. Justice Clark delivered the opinion of pearing before the committee in San Diego monials. The vote was 17 to 1. the court. The Chief Justice gave some views January 31 in the city council hearing That single no vote was cast by Assembly­ of his own, and Mr. Justice Harlan cast the chambers. man George Willson of Hunti~gton Park, deciding vote in an opinion which concurred This is a room on the 12th floor of the who is chairman of the assembly judiciary in a limited area. city hall with special balcony rooms for still committee. This committee is conducting The entire issue was the televising and and television cameras. hearings throughout the State on the very broadcasting of a 2-day pretrial session of the Although Assemblyman Willson announced issue of fair trial and free press, and before trial court in Tyler, Tex. The conviction was at the start of the hearing that the proceed­ the committee could complete its hearings, reversed because this pretrial session, where ings were being televised and taped for radio, the judicial council acted with the force no evidence was introduced, was televised. none of us witnesses was aware of any special of law. Now here were nine men, and I doubt that equipment except the peculiarly shaped This judicial council rule went into effect any one of them has had any experience with microphone at the press table which picked January 1 of this year. There was no great a televised or broadcast trial. Lacking that up the sounds of the proceedings. change in the reporting of criminal trials experience, the majority Supreme Court opin­ Contrary to the Hauptmann trial, the in California. ion reflected a great deal of speculation. broadcasting, picture taking and sound re­ This is because of canon 35 of the Amer­ The following quotations 'indicate the cording of this hearing were entirely unob­ ican Bar Association. It was adopted Sep­ court's confessed lack of knowledge in the trusive. tember 30, 1937, and amended in 1952. While critical points involved: The influence of But even more important was the testi­ it is advisory only, it is an ethic and it has television and newspaper cameras and radio mony of Roberta Butzbach, judge of the prevented photography, broadcasting and mic;:rophones on the jury, the witnesses, and municipal court in Bellflower, Calif., who telecasting in the courtrooms almost en­ the court. testified that prior to the effective date of tirely. Said the court and I quote: "Still one can­ rule 980, she had had an ordinary criminal It originated because one of the great sins not put his finger on its specific mischief and trial televised in her court. Her testimony of the· press, the coverage of the trial of prove with particularity wherein he was was as follows: Bruno Hauptman for the kidnap-murder of prejudiced. • • • The conscious or uncon­ "The universal comment was that once the the Lindbergh baby. scious effect that this may have on the trial began, the presence of the news media Eye witnesses have described the trial as juror's judgment cannot be evaluated • • • . was forgotten. All the dire predictions and a roman holiday. Photographers climbed on The impact upon a witness of the knowledge suppositions as to the manner in which people counsel's tables and shoved their flash bulbs that he is being viewed by a vast audience · would behave in such a situation simply did in the faces of witnesses. The judge lost is simply incalculable • • • . And even in not happen. There were no attempts to play control of his courtroom and the press the absence of sound, the -influences of such Hamlet or to outdo Bob Hope. photographers lost control of their senses. viewing upon the attitude of the witness to­ "If there was any effect at all, and I'm not For 30 years the press has been fighting ward testifying his frame of mind upon tak­ certain there was, it was in the direction of a canon 35. We in Redwood City on rare oc­ ing the stand or his apprehension of wither­ slightly greater restraint and dignity. If this casions have succeeded in taking pictures ing cross-examination defy objective assess­ was the effect, it was not only contrary to of criminal trials, with permission of the ment." prediction, it was salutary." judge, and without disrupting the trial or Mr. Chief Justice Warren apprehended this And she added this philosophical note: poisoning the font of justice. · speculative weakness in the majority opin­ "None now says: Let us conduct trials in There intervened, meanwhile, another fa­ ion and submitted his own opinion with secret. They ·merely say: Let us protect ac­ mous trial which involves a fellow journalist. which Mr. Justice Douglas and Mr. Justice cused persons from excessive publicity. He was Billy Sol Estes. Goldberg joined. "None now says: Let us remove society In 1962 Mr. Estes was president of the In this the Chief Justice said: "I wish to from participation in the judicial process. Pecos Printing Co. of Pecos, Tex., publishers emphasize that our condemnation of tele­ They merely say: We doubt the ability of of the Pecos News, issued mornings except vised criminal trial is not based on general­ society to understand the judicial process. Monday. Circulation figures were not avail­ ities or abstract fears • • *", and then in "Without publicity there can be no under­ able. what may be the Freudian judicial slip of standing. Without understanding there can The rival newspaper was the Pecos Inde­ the century, in a decision denying pictorial be no intelligent participation. Ultimately pendent. The editor was Oscar Griffin, who description of a criminal trial, he appended there can be no informed electorate." subsequently was hired by the Houston seven photographs taken in the criminal An attempt will be made to repeal or sus­ Chronicle as a general assignment reporter. courtroom of Texas where Billie Sol Estes pend Judicial Council Rule 980, but not in Mr. Griffin was 28 years old at the time. was convicted. any hope that television of criminal trials He is a native of Liberty, Tex., and prior to A great (in my opinion) dissent was writ­ will spring full grown from the present void. becoming editor in Pecos he had been editor ten by Mr. Justice Stewart when he said: No television referee will jump from the of the Canyon Texas News, the Fort Bliss "What ultimately emerges from this record, press table, tap the top of his cap, and call News, and served as public relations director therefore, is one bald question-whether the for an interlude of 2 minutes while the spon­ for his hometown. The Pecos Independent 14th amendment of the U.S. Constitution sor gives his message. was founded in 1887, at last report had a prohibits all television cameras from a State We will still have canon 35. circulation of 3,191, and publishes on Mon­ courtroom whenever a criminal trial is in I believe that the press will suggest an in­ days and Thursdays. progress. In the light of this record and vestigative committee made up of members of In 1963 Sigma Delta Chi presented Mr. what we now know about the impact of the Judicial Council, journalists and educa­ Griffin a citation which read as follows: "Mr. television on a criminal trial, I can find no tors to initiate studies and evaluations to Griffin is cited for his initiative, persistence, such prohibLtion in the 14th amendment or examine the rights and scopes of a free press and courage in first disclosing and then dili­ in any other provision of the Constitution. as applied to electronic journalism and news­ gently reporting the illegal activities which "While no first amendment claim is made paper courtroom photography, the psycho­ have since become known as the Billie Sol in this case, there are intimations in the logical effects of television, newspaper, and Estes case; for conducting and reporting his opinions filed by the brethren in the majority motion picture cameras on court personnel, investigations with thoroughness, clarity, which strike me as disturbingly alien to the witnesses and others, and possible formula­ and a high sense of civic and journalistic re­ 1st and 14th amendments' guarantees against tion of ground rules for use of the modern sponsibility, and for demonstrating memo- Federal or State interference with the free tools of journalism in courtrooms. February 21, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 3483 Just as the Scopes trial challenged the Four Supreme Court Judges believe that a Mexican, 14,000 circulation, published at theory of evolution in Tennessee, so have constitutional question is involved-and this Santa Fe. He presumed to make an adverse the judicial council and the Supreme Court may intensify the press-bar conflict par­ comparison of two drunk driving cases before challenged the evolution of communications ticularly if it disturbs the status quo on a Santa Fe judge. between the courts and the public. The bar contempt. In one case, a Mexican-American boy filled says the pad and pencil are the last word. The landmark cases protecting both in­ up on wine, had an auto accident and killed We disagree. dividual and press, from punishment for three persons. He was sentenced to the Of the more recent developments in this contempt, have ,thus far concerned prejudi­ penitentiary for 1 to 5 years. free press and fair trial controversy, perhaps cial publication as it concerned judges only. In the other case, a former assistant the most serious is the U.S. Supreme Court's The Pennekamp, Bridges, Los Angeles Times­ district attorney wiped out a family of five decision to review the Dr. Sam Sheppard Mirror cases and others brought about the while driving under the influence, but was case-Cleveland, 1954. "clear and present danger" concept-that a given a $500 fine, the fine was suspended and Five volumes of newspaper clippings will constructive contempt, away from the imme­ the judge announced that at the end of the be submitted to determine whether pretrial diate presence of the court, would not be year he would pronounce further sentence. publicity was so prejudicial that no impartial punished unless it could be shown that a Will Harrison cried "outrage" and was con­ clear and present danger existed to the ad­ victed for contempt of court on the grounds jury could have been impanelled. These ministration of justice. The theory is that that the lawyer defendant was still on proba­ clippings may not now display the profes­ judges would not be so endangered because, tion, thus the case was still before the court. sional excellence they may appear to have forsooth, they are judges. Will Harrison died a couple of months ago, had in 1954. Yet, judges have been throwing news­ and he was, in my opinion, an unsung hero. To refresh my mind about the newspaper papermen in jail for generations. He had been vindicated by the State Supreme side of the Sheppard case I called on an Ralph Conley is a 53-year-old reporter for Court October 4, 1965, on the grounds that old friend and former staff member, Ellis H. the Wheeling, W. Va., Intelligencer. He is a no clear and present danger to the admin­ Sprunger, Jr., who edited most of the Associ­ 10-year veteran with that paper, and a 25- istration of justice had been shown. ated Press copy out of Cleveland during the year senior in newspaper work. He was as­ But when you study constructive con­ trial. He is now with the San Francisco AP signed to cover the New Martinsville area. tempt, think about this one: In December, bureau and favored me with this letter: On Saturday, January 15 of this year he 1965, in Montgomery, Ala., three Ku Klu "Mrs. Sam was killed July 4, 1954, at Bay wrote a story listing five civil actions which Klansmen were convicted of criminal con­ Village. Police later testified in court that had been set for trial on Tuesday, January spiracy charges in the death of a civil rights after her killing somebody had carefully 18 in the Wetzel County Circuit Court by worker. She was Viola Liuzza, a Detroit cleaned up evidence, but not carefully Judge Lloyd Arnold. After listing them housewife. enough so that blood stains would not show he wrote this: The judge held the jury in deliberation for when detected with modern police methods. "Probably the most interesting case is 11 hours over the protest of the defense at­ No weapon was ever found. that of Mrs. Frances Ripley versus the city torney, and the defense attorney announced "Dr. Sam was not available for question­ of Paden City. that an appeal would be filed and bond for ing after the slaying. His brother took him "Mrs. Ripley, a resident of Paden City, and three men was set at $10,000 cash. to a hospital the family owned and said he wife of Leo Ripley, fell into an open side­ Whereupon the President of the United had an injured neck and could not be ques­ walk gra;ting on January 22, 1965, and seeks States said: "The whole Nation can take tioned. There apparently was notJ a lot of recovery of damages for $24,000. heart from the fact that there are those in police work going on. Just why I cannot say, "In her petition, she claims permanent in­ the South who believe in justice in racial but it is a fact that Dr. Sam was the surgeon jury and that the fall resulted in a com­ matters and were determined not to stand for the Bay Village Police Department and pound fracture of her left leg, and other for acts of violence." the friend of the mayor, who lived on the injuries. Many of us joined him in cheering that same block. "The city carries a $100,000 liability in­ verdict in a great national example of con­ "No public physician was able to examine surance policy and the city council acknowl­ structive contempt of court for commenting Dr. Sam to determine whether he actually edged fault and recommended in a letter on a case still in the process of adjudication. was injured. to the insurance carrier that the claim be Where was the voice of the bar when that "There was a coroner's inquest which, as paid. However, no payment has been re­ transpired? I recall, did not turn up much of anything. ceived and the suit followed. And where was the self-restraint of the "Meanwhile, pressure was building up. It "Attorney Jack Hawkins represents the press? all looked too pat. And at this time the plaintiff, and Hassig & Sndyer are attor­ Both were lacking, and both must be sup­ Cleveland Press took a strong hand. One bit neys for the defendant." plied before we know whether we should I'm sure is in the files you mention as being On Monday, January 17 Judge Arnold sent be talking about fair trial and free press or an officer to ask Conley to come to his office. fair trial versus free press. before the Supreme Court was a. cartoon At the conclusion of the interview and after which appeared on page 1. It showed a num­ Wiggins said it in 1964: "Newspapers, ber of civic officials and others holding up a Conley left, the judge prepared a rule of judges, and lawyers alike ought to try to im­ sheet and the caption said that somebody contempt directed to Conley. It was served prove the reporting of criminal trials. What on Conley that morning. is needed is more and better crime reporting, was hiding something. The top of the head A courtroom hearing before Judge Arnold not less of it." of a man showed above the sheet and it cer­ was scheduled at 2 p.m. the same day. tainly looked to me like the top of Dr. Sa.m's Burch said it in 1955 : "It is the newspa­ Judge Arnold concluded the hearing by per's duty to print the facts not to try them. head. finding that publication of the news story That is the duty of the courts. We want "At about this time the . Cleveland police obstructed and impeded the operation of his every defendant to have the benefit of due were called into the case. They worked care­ court and that accordingly Conley was in process-the whole treatment, with all the fully and energetically but apparently too contempt. The judge sentenced him to 5 trimmings. But we see too much of the un­ late and I don't recall that they turned up days in jail, fined him $10 and ordered the due processes that help armies of dangerous any really clinching evidence. sheriff to place him in jail immediately. malefactors to escape conviction, indictment, "Finally, the city attorney at Bay Village, Attorneys for Conley appeared before or even arrest." the son of an Ohio Supreme Court justice, Judge Arnold tb,e next morning and orally Vermont Royster said it in 1965: "Here the signed the charge himself and Dr. Sam was moved that the judgment of contempt be set lesson experience, a thousand years of experi­ arrested and taken to jail in Cleveland. aside, that a new hearing be awarded, and ence, was that the judicial process must be Police there were unable to question him at that Conley be discharged from jail. Argu­ open to inspection from its beginning to its any great length because his attorney kept ments on these motions were heard at 1 end, to the purpose that all should lie under requesting to see him, hinting third p.m. Tuesday. The attorneys submitted four the public gaze so that if error could not be degree. grounds for the motion, including the first obviated it could at least not be hidden. One "In the end the jury found Dr. Sam guilty amendment, and the judge overruled the mo­ instrument for this was the open court with of second degree murder. tions. Thereon the attorneys for Conley the accused and the accusers openly con­ "Certainly, the trial was a Roman holi­ moved for a stay of the proceedings in order fronted. Another instrument was the open day." that they might appeal the judge's decision press, so that nothing could be hidden from The book of clippings won a reversal and to the Supreme Court of Appeals. The judge the first accusation to final judgment. The freedom for Dr. Sam last year, but the re­ granted a 60-day stay, setting bond in the lesson of the common law was that the two versal was itself reversed by the U.S. Court amount of $50. Conley was subsequently were not irreconcilable, they were mutually of Appeals in Ohio when it said: "Our jury released after 24 hours in jail, and went back dependent." system cannot survive if it is now proper to to work. Today it is necessary to recognize that the presume that jurors selected with the care The case is pending. hunt for the uninformed juror ls fruitless, taken in this case, are without intelligence, The city council action was a matter of and that our reliance on the integrity of our courage, and integrity necessary to their record. peers is not misplaced. That is the nub of obedience to the law's command that they Then there was the 1964 case of Will Har­ the problem, and it will not be solved by ignore the kind of publicity here involved." rison, a 50-year-old columnist for the New speculation; rather by careful research. 3484 CONGRESSIONAL-" RECORD -'. HOUSE February 21,-1966 TRAFFIC SAFETY-ACTION NEEDED It is my hope that the legislation will the 19-60's and 1970's. And although the NOW be enacted promptly so we can begin' a Soviet Union was represented by a 40- real effort to reduce wanton destruction member delegation, it is well to note that Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. Speaker, I on our highways. the chief result of the January Havana ask unanimous consent that the gentle­ Conference was to implement and foster woman from Ohio [Mrs. BOLTON] may the Chinese Communist thesis for even- . extend her remarks at this point in the HAVANA TRI-CONTINENT tual Communist seizure of power in RECORD and include extraneous matter. CONFERENCE countries alined to the free world. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under Critics of present U.S. policy in South objection to the request of the gentleman a previous order of the House, the gen­ Vietnam, such as Mr. Kennan, make from Michigan? tleman from Alabama [Mr. SELDEN] is much of the ideological split between the There was no objection. recognized for 1 hour. Soviet Union and China. It is, in fact, Mrs. BOLTON. Mr. Speaker, the Na­ Mr. SELDEN. Mr. Speaker, I ask currently fashionable in some U.S. for­ tional Trial Lawyers Association pre­ unanimous consent to revise and extend eign policy circles to accuse those of us dicted recently that unless the Federal my remarks and include extraneous who speak of the threat of communism , Government does something soon, deaths matter. as being simplistic in our approach. We from motor vehicle accidents will reach The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there are told that we should differentiate be­ 100,000 a year by 1975-double the pres­ objection to the request of the gentleman tween the so-called various farms of ent auto death rate. from Alabama? communism-whether we refer to Soviet The report of this same group of There was no objection. or Chinese or even North Vietnamese lawyers noted that while 605,000 Amer­ Mr. SELDEN. Mr. Speaker, the Na­ communism. cans have died in all wars from the Revo­ tion in recent weeks has watched with Yet the unanimity which the delegates lution to Vietnam, road deaths in the great interest and concern the hearings of the Havana Tri-Continent Conference United States have totaled 1,500,000 in conducted by the Senate Committee on demonstrated on the matter of waging only 25 years. The study revealed that Foreign Relations in regard to our policy Chinese-style wars of liberation through­ the number of persons injured in highway in southeast Asia. out the world points up the futility-if accidents in 1964 is the same number Last week both Secretary of State not the real danger-of this polemic as the total beds in all hospitals in the Dean Rusk and Gen. Maxwell Taylor fragmentizing of communism in the United States-1,700,000. These are presented excellent arguments for a world today. shocking figures. policy of firmness in dealing with the It may be true that communism is no I have thought for some time that we threat of communism in Vietnam. In longer monolithic as it was in the im­ should take steps at the national level view of the persistent carping of foreign mediate post-World War II era. But the to standardize highway signs, speeds, policy soft liners, who would have this threat of Communist expansion-and and so forth, in an effort to cut this need­ country retreat in the face of Communist the Communist design for subversion less death, injury, and destruction on aggression, it was most refreshing to and domination of countries of the free our highways. Although the Federal hear the statements of experienced and world-is monolithic and universal in Government has spent millions building knowledgeable spokesmen such as Sec­ every Communist capital. interstate highways, we have done little retary Rusk and General Taylor. Thus it was that the basic theme of or nothing at the national level to pre­ With regard to the recent Senate the so-called Tri-Continent Conference scribe and enforce safety standards. Sev­ Foreign Relations hearings, I read with in Havana-a theme repeated by Soviet eral years ago, when we became alarmed interest the accounts of testimony given and Chinese Communist spokesmen at the increase in accidents involving air­ to the committee by Mr. George Kennan. alike-was a strident call for war on all liners, we established the Federal Avia­ Mr. Kennan seems to argue that the U.S. fronts against the free world. tion Agency to coordinate and improve commitment to South Vietnam has as­ As the Soviet delegate to the Confer­ safety in the air. Now we should estab­ sumed exaggerated proportions and that ence, Sharif P. Rashidor, stated: lish an agency to improve safety on the this country should, therefore, limit or We are participating in a major event in ground-for aJUtomobile drivers and pas­ curb our efforts there. the history of the national-liberation strug­ sengers, as well as trucks and buses. Mr. Kennan, as we know, is credited as gle of the peoples of Asia, Africa and Latin Our colleague, the gentleman from the creator of the original policy of con­ America. The anti-imperialist struggle, with Georgia [Mr. MACKAY], a member of the tainment which this country fallowed in its demands for the unshakable unity of its Committee on Interstate and Foreign its dealings with Soviet communism in fighting forces, has brought the peoples of Commerce, has gone into this problem Europe during the period immediately our continents to a realization of the urgent following World War II. Now it would necessity for an even greater consolidation, very thoroughly and has proposed legis­ and an even greater coordination, of our lation to establish a National Traffic appear that Mr. Kennan has evolved a struggle against our common enemy-im­ Safety Agency to provide national lead­ latter-day policy of containment regard­ perialism and, first and foremost, U.S. ership to reduce traffic accident losses. ing the U.S. commitment to defend imperialism. I am introducing a similar bill. southeast Asia from the threat of aggres­ The Soviet delegation earnestly appeals to The National Traffic Safety Agency, sive communism. But, unlike his first all the national organizations and their which would be headed by an Adminis­ containment policy, the general thrust of movements represented at this Conference trator comparable to the Federal Avia­ his current advice is that in 1966 we to unite in the struggle for this great goal. should contain our own efforts in meet­ Let our Conference be a new stage on this tion Administrator, would do the fol­ road. Let it multiply and strengthen the lowing: ing Communist expansionism in south­ unity of our ranks, and impart new force to Establish a National Safety Research east Asia. the liberation struggle throughout the world. and Testing Center. Needless to say, Mr. Kennan's remarks Provide leadership to achieve a more received wide attention in the press and The resolutions approved by the Con­ uniform traffic environment, including on television. It is unfortunate that the ference are in the same aggressive and more uniform rules of the road, more American public has not been given a.s militaristic vein. They call for an in­ adequate standards of safety in the man­ great exposure to the facts, circum­ tensified campaign of subversion and po­ ufacture of new vehicles and inspection stances, and results of a meeting held in litical warfare against democratic re­ Havana last month-the so-called Tri­ gimes of the free world. of vehicles in use, better definition of Continent Conference-which spelled out But the larger significance of the Tri­ fitness to drive, and a more uniform the future course of Communist aggres­ Continent Conference in Havana does physical driving environment. sion in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. not lie in the unified pronouncement of The proposed new Agency should not The recommendations and policy revolutionary aims among Communist seek to supplant existing public and pri­ statements coming out of this Havana nations. For only a fatuous self-delu­ vate agencies, but it should provide ag­ Conference represents a veritable "Mein sion ha.s ever persuaded the soft-line gressive leadership to achieve a concert Kampf" of international Communist de­ Kremlinologists of the free world that of action. signs and aims throughout the world in the Soviets and the Chinese alike seek February 21, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 3485 Communist world domination, and by African countries were well repre­ ities from the actuai registration sheets. violent revolutionary means. They are sented by official members of their gov­ Delegates from 63 countries and 19 pro- . as one, di1Iering only on tactics, and ernments. Tanzania sent Salim Said tectorates, commonwealths or colonies · timetable, and those who doubt this fact Rasuid, the Deputy Finance Minister. were in attendance. should be furnished the record of the The head of Guinea's delegation was Ab­ List of _accredited participants up to Jan. 10, Havana Conference as,required reading. doulaye Diallo, Director of Political Af­ 1966, "Year of SolWarity," 1st Solidarity No, the truly alarming significance of fairs in the Foreign Ministry, and also Conference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, the Havana Conference last month included the Guinean Ambassador to the and Latin America stems from the scope and nature of par­ United Arab Republic, Fode Cisse. ticipation by nations of Asia, Africa, and Ghana was represented by Ofory Bah­ Coun­ tries, Latin America-many of which, while Emmanuel, Director of that country's protec- Organi- Accred­ purporting to be "neutralist" as between Bureau of African Affairs; and Pauline torates, zations ited and Communist and the free world, in fact Mirande Clerk, Office of the President of colonies are providing political and other support Ghana. Lakhdar Brahimi, representing ------1------to the revolutionary and subversive aims Algeria, is that country's Ambassador to Delegates: of Communist bloc nations. the United Arab Republic. Africa_------28 29 ' 150 Asia ______. ______27 27 197 · Indeed, all the speeches, resolutions, Since many of the nations which were Latin America ______and actions of the delegates of the 82 represented at the Havana Conference '%7 27 165 nations represented at the Conference have been and are now receiving hun­ TotaL .. ----·---·---·--- 82 83 512 were geared to the propaganda needs and dreds of -millions of dollars of U.S. aid, Observers: aims of agressive international commu­ I have written to the Secretary of State International organiza- nism. In fact, the Tri-Continent Con­ tions ___ -·-·------______24 with the request that he determine the Afro-Asiatic organiza- ference went much further than any status of the delegations to the Havana tions_. __ · ------·- ·-·----· 3 7 similar meeting in recent years in spell­ meeting. I also asked the Secretary to African organizations ..... ------· 3 8 Asiatic organizations ... _. --·----- 3 5 ing out the aggressive designs of world give consideration to the termination of Socialist countries. ______------7 20 Communist leadership toward nations of U.S. assistance to those nations who par­ the free world. ticipated with official or semi-official TotaL ...----·----·------21 64 As chairman of the House Subcommit­ delegations in accordance with section Guests:Foreign ______(i) 23 ------·- 50 tee on Inter-American Affairs I am es­ 620 of the Foreign Assistance Act. 27 pecially concerned with the serious im­ This provision of that act prohibits as­ Cubans----··-··----···--- 1 ------·- TotaL ______77 plications of the Conference as regards sistance under this or any other act, in­ Foreign press ______24 ----· --· our vital national interests and commit­ cluding sales under the Agricultural 38 95 129 ments to the defense of the hemisphere. Trade Development and Assistance Act Total accredited par- The Organization of American States of 1954, to any .countries which the Presi­ ticipants...... ·------·--· 782 expressed its alarm regarding the Ha­ dent determines is engaging in or pre­ vana Conference in a resolution of con­ paring for aggressive military efforts di­ DELEGATES TO THE FIRST SOLIDARITY CONFER­ demnation, approved February 2, 18-0, rected against the United States or to ENCE OF THE PEOPLES OF AFRICA, ASIA, AND with Mexico and Chile abstaining. any countri·es receiving assistance from LATIN AMERICA, JANUARY 1966 The OAS resolution reflects hemi­ the United States. Raul Roa Garcia, President. Youssef El Sebai, Secretary-General. spheric concern regarding the possibil­ The proceedings at last month's Tri­ John Kofitettegah, Vice President. ity of new attempts of Communist take­ Continent Conference made a prima Pedro Medina Silva, Vice President. overs in a number of countries, including facie case regarding preparations for Tien Nguyen Van, Vice President. Venezuela, Guatemala, Colombia, and such aggression. Uruguay. And the Tri-Continent Con­ SOUTH AFRICA It would seem, therefore, that a State South African National Congress (9): Al­ ference itself serves to reemphasize the Department investigation is in order to fred Diliza Kgokong (Presidente) , Reginald appropriateness of House Resolution 560, determine, at the very least, whether U.S. September, Yusuf Mohamed Dadoo, Mzimku­ which only last year expressed the sense economic aid should not be terminated lu Am.brose Makiwane (SP), Thomas Titus of the House regarding the need for ft.rm to certain nations which were repre­ Nkobi, Robert Resha, Joyce Judith Mbonwa U.S. policy to meet the threat of Com­ sented at the Havana meeting. (S.F.), Marie Muthoo Pragalathan Naicker, munist intervention in the Western Immediately following my statement, Meinrad Hsimang. Hemisphere. In the light of last month's I am attaching a full list of delegates in SOUTH WEST AFRICA meeting in Havana, that resolution is attendanc·e at the January Havana South West Africa National Union (2) : even more pertinent today than when it meeting, as reported by the Cuban press. Jariretundu Kozonguizi (President), was passed by an overwhelming majority Mr. Speaker, the Tri-Continent Con­ Moses K. Katjiuongua. of the House in September 1965. ference clearly established that what is ANGOLA So-called neutral, unalined countries, occurring in Vietnam is not simply local­ Angolan Popular Liberatioµ Movement with delegates participating at the Ha­ ized Communist aggression, but is merely (8): vana meeting, would do well to ponder one front in a worldwide campaign Luiz Andrade de Acevedo (President), Mi­ the signiflcance of this House resolu­ against the free world. guel Baya Antonio (S.P.), Luis de Almeida, tion. It must be made abundantly clear, Paulo Teixeira Jorge, Spencer Nicolau, Jose American defeat, withdrawal or aban­ Cesar Augusto, Daniel Da Costa Garcia, Mario not only to Communist nations, but to donment of Vietnam would not simply, others which seek to advance their own de Andrade. as some have phrased it, roll back our ALGERIA interest by lending themselves to Com­ Pacific front line to Wakiki. The roll­ munist aims, that the United States does Algerian Committee for Afro-Asian Soli­ back would be to the Andes, and beyond, darity (7): not intend to remain inactive in the face for Ho Chi Minh's battle plan in Viet­ of any external threat to the security of Lakhdar Brahimi (President), Hamid Ben­ nam is a blueprint, approved both in cherchali, Adda Benguettat, Mohamed the Americas. Moscow and Peiping, for subversive wars Harieche, Ahmed Zemirline, Mohamed Megh­ While I am reasonably certain few, if raoui, Abdelkrim Ghoraib. any, nations will admit that participants of aggression in Asia, Africa, and Latin at the Havana meeting were official dele­ America. · ARGENTINA gates of their governments, the fact that Once again we have been warned by National Committee for the Peoples Con­ some of the delegates even at this mo­ our enemy. The United States and the ference of Africa, Asia, and Latin America free world will overlook or dismiss the (7): ment hold official positions in their re­ Communist "Mein Kampf," as spelled John William Cooke (President), Alcira de spective governments is shocking indeed. la Pefia, Carlos Alberto Lafiorgue, Jorge Ru­ For example, the Syrian delegation out at the recent Havana Tri-Continent Conference, at its peril and the peril of ben Queijo, Juan Antonio Sander, Abel Alexis included Mohammad Ali Al Khatib, Latendokf, Jose Gabdiel Vazeilles Ullua. Secretary General of that country's Min­ future generations. istry of Infprmation. Attending as an The following schedule shows in detail BASUTOLAND invited guest was Mohamed Fayed from the delegates, observers, guests, and for­ Basutoland Congress Party, (3): G~rd the United Arab Republic who is Director eign press from the various countries. Ramoreboli (President), Koenyama Chakela, of the African Affairs at the Presidency. The data was compiled by Cuban author- Ram.agele Tsinyana. 3486 CONGRESSIONAL_ RECORD - HOUSE Feb>Nlary 21, 1966

BECHUANALAND CHINA INDIA Bechuanaland . Peoples Party ( 2) : Peter · Chinese Committee for Afro-Asian Soli­ Indian Association for Afro-Asian Solidar­ Dick Marciping (President), Bobby Ma.ck. dari:ty (34): Wu Hsueh Tsien (President), ity (14): Aruna Asaf Ali (President), Na.lam Tien Min Kuo, Su Tien Yang, Ming Sin Tang, Narasinha Rao, Homi F. Daji Homi, Prab­ BOLIVIA Chan _An You, Yao Yao Ching Jung, So hakar Menon, Jagannath Sharma, Ladli Saran National Committee for the Solidarity Con­ Yang (S.P.), Keng Liang (S.P.), Ta Nei Tsien, Shinha, Sat Tandon, Harbans Singh, Balrat ference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, and RUi Jua Hsu, Wu Hasu Shang, Yi Cheng Jung, Mehta, Chatur Nad.ain Malviya (SP), Avioor Latin America (3) : Mario Miranda Pacheco Ning Chuan Tung, Tien Hui Chen, Yuan Shiriniwas Chari, Mohammad Kelimullah, (President), Gabriel Poree! Salazar, Mario Hung Tao, Yang Pai Ping, Tsien Li Jen, Wuan Noor Mohamed, Chandra Shekhar. Monje. Chen Sheng, Chen Tze Yin, Chang Chieh INDONESIA BRAZIL Hsun, Chen Yu, Chen Chuan Liao, Chu Tzu National Committee for the Solidarity Con­ Chi, Run Ho Niem, Chang Lin Yu, Tang Hai Solidarity Association of the Afro-Asian ference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, and Yeh, Yu Ying Liu, Fei Yi Li, Chi Fan Wuang, Peoples (9): Ibrahim Isa (President) (SP), Latin America (7): Alvizio Palhano Pedreira Shen Yi, Chen Sheng Huang, Shou Pae Li, Francisca Fanggidaej, Willy Hariandia, Uma.r Ferreira (President), Marcos Santos, Carlos Yun Chun Li, Chen Lo Min. Said, Suhardjo, Soedhartono, Edy Soena.rdji, Sugiri, Margono. Tavares, Celso Ridan Barcelos, Ivan Ra.mos CYPRUS Ribeiro, Francis<:o Santilli, Alexina · Lins IRAN Crespo de Paula. Cyprus Solidarity Committee (3): Chris­ Iranian Committee for Afro-Asian Solidar­ BURUNDI toforos Christofides (President), Joseph Ya­ ity (2): Amir Halamou Amir Dibadj Torke­ makis, Georgios Savyides. Burundi Workers Federation (1): Nico­ stani (President), Rahaman Nader Zehtab. deme Bigirama (President). ECUADOR IRAQ CAMBODIA National Committee for the Solidarity Iraqi Committee for Afro-Asian Solidarity Conference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, and (1): Aboul Wahab Sallom (President) (SP). Cambodian Afro-Asian Solidarity (5): Latin America (2): Carlos Ramirez Ortiz Hout Samba.th (President), Un Samuth, (President), Teodule Aray. MAURITIUS Vutthi Thoutch, Kiv Moeng, Sunclleng Progressive Party of the Mauritian People Sunthor. EI., SALVADOR (1): Teckaram Sibsurun (President). COLOMBIA National Committee for the Solidarity National Committee for the Solidarity Conference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, ST. THOMAS AND PRINCE ISLANDS Conference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, and and Latin America (2): Sergio Perez (Presi­ Committee for the Liberation of St. Latin America (6): Diego Montana Cuellar dent) , Pedro Martinez. Thomas and Prince ( 1) : Antonio Barreto Pires Dos Santos (President). (President), Ines Pinto Escobar, Santiago GHANA Sola.rte, Camilo Losada Campos, Baltasar JAMAICA Fernandez Alvarez, Teodosio Varela Acosta. Convention of the Peoples Party (15): John Kofitettegah (President.), Nathaniel National Committee for the Solidarity CONGO (BRAZZAVILLE) Azarco Welbeck, Winfre Asa.re Brown, Yan Conference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, National Revolutionary Committee of the Ma.nu, Kon Bondzie Brown, Pauline Miranda and Latin America (2) : Dennis Daly (Presi­ Congo (4): Julien Boukambou (President), Clerk, George Awonor Williams, Ofory-Bah dent), Roy Jeffrey Adaiphus. Gustavo Aba Gandzion, Henriette Yimbou, Emmanuel, Patrick Ofei Henaicu, Kefi Batsa, JAPAN Dominique Ntamba. Charles L. Patterson, Dr. Ekow Daniels, Japanese Committee for Afro-Asian Soli­ CONGO (LEOPOLDVILLE) Kwamina Arku-Nelson (S.P.), Cecil Mc. darity (10): Shizuma Kai (President), Hardy, Anthony Korsah Dick. Congo National Liberation Council (11): Hiroshi Ide, Toshio Tanaka, Mitsuhiro Ka­ Gabriel Yumbu (President), Nkumu Camile, GUADALUPE neke, Masae Kitazawa (SP), Susumu Ozaki, K·aputula Bernabette, Kitungo Placide, National Committee for the Solidarity Shesaku Ital, Yoro Ohno, Akira Nishina, Yoko Ramazani Sebastian, Malanda Henriette, Conference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, Kitazawa (SF). Mongali Michel, Eduard Marcel Sambu, Buka and Latin America ( 4) : Gerard Olivier JORDAN Masa.ku, Martin Brobey, John Ali. (President), Guy Daninthe, Aude Daniel Afro-Asian Solidarity Committee of Jorda.n (1): Shafik Shafik (President). KOREA Rene, Michel Numa. Korean Committee for Afro-Asian Soli­ GUATEMALA NORTH KALIMATAN darity (8): Wal Lyong Kim (Presidente), Zi Rebel Armed Forces (5): Luis Augusto Organization of Nort):l Kalimatan for the Sun Jon, Cheng Nam Kim, Ryon Yul Kim, Turcios Lima (President) , Gustavo Solares Solidarity of the People of Afro-Asian, Indo­ Yu Yul Li, Yung Kun Kim, Te Jion Chon, Ortiz, Rene Cordon , Orlando Fernandez Ruiz, nesia ( 5) : Ahmad Zaidi Adruce (President), and Ryung Ohul Jun. Francisco Marroquih. Muhammad Jais Abbas, Mohamad Ka.sin, Dus Tan Chon, Ahmad Mohtar. COSTA RICA BRITISH GUIANA National Committee for the Solidarity Popular Progressive Party (3): Cheddi KENYA Oonference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, Jagan (President), Lall Bahadur, Joseph Kenya African National Union (3): John and Latin America (3): Arnoldo Ferreto Rodriguez. Mobiyo Njonjo (President), James Robaro Heuwallan, Ernest Gitu Muni. (President), Hernan Monterrosa L6pez, and FRENCH ' GUIANA Luisa Gonzalez Gutierrez. Gula.nan Committee of Solidarity to the LAOS CUBA First Tri-Continental Conference (3): Regine New Lao Hak Sat (5): Phoumi Vongvichit Communist Party of Cuba (41): Osmany Prevot (President), Jean Marie Robo, (President), Soulivong Phrasithideth, Cienfuegos (President), Raul Roa, Manuel Georges Giffard. Phouthasack Khanleck, Thammavongsay Boun Nhum, Khamphay Boupha. P ineiro, Carlos Rafael Rodriguez, Miguel GUINEA Martin, Jose Alberto Naranjo, Leonel Soto, LEBANON Haydee Santamaria, Jesus Montane Oropesa, Democratic Party of Guinea (7) : Abdou­ Socialist Progressive Party ( 4) : Farid Lazaro Pena, Jose Matar, Jose Ramirez, Carlos laye Diallo (President), Fode Clsse (S.P.), Gebrane (President), George Salim Ba.ta.I, Lechuga, Pelegrin Torras, Arnol Rodriguez, Mamady Mohamed Sakho, Marni Kouyate, Juan Mier Febles, Melba Hernandez, Giraldo Ibrahima Kourouma, Fanta Conde, Jean Mouhamed Kechli, Georges Haoui. Mazola, Eugenio R . Balari, Joaquin Mas, Baptiste Deen. MALAYA Lazaro Mora, Eduardo Delgado, Ram6n San­ PORTUGUESE GUINEA People's Afro-Asian Solidarity Committee chez Parodi, Carlos Alfa.ra, Ricardo Alarc6n, African Independence Party ( 5) : Amilcar for Malaya (3): Lee Siew Choh (President), Fernando Alvarez Ta.bio, Mario Garcia In­ Cabral (President), Vasco Cabral, Pedro Abdul Rahim Karim, Chia Thye Poh. chaustegui, Raul Valdes Viv6, Antonio Ca­ Pires, Domingo Ramos, Joaquin Pedro Da MARTINIQUE rrillo, Jorge Serguera, Armando Entralgo, Luis Garcia Guitar, Oscar Ora.mas, Jose Silva. National Committee for the Solidarity Venegas, Rafael Fernandez Moya, Luis Garcia HAITI Conference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, and Peraza, Francisco Vald~s. Arquimides Colum­ Unified Democratic Front of National Lib­ Latin America (2): Edouard De Lepine bie, Silvio Rivera, Roberto Valdes, and Al­ eration (5): Paul Lantimo (President), Jac­ (President), Marcel Manvme. fredo Guevara. ques Lacour, Pigeon Volage, Leslie Jean, Ed­ MOROCCO CHILE mond Pierre. National Union of Popular Forces (3)_: CHILE (FRAP) HONDURAS Hamid Barrada (President) , Mohamed Habib Popular Action Front (9): Salvador Allen­ National Committee for the Solidarity Con­ Sinaceur, Mohamed Horma Ba.hi. de (President), Waldo Atias Martin, Clodo­ ference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, and MEXICO miro Almeyda Medina, Elena Pedraza, Luis Latin America (3): Ricardo Moncada Zavala National Liberation Movement (6): Heber­ Figueroa, Manuel Rojas, Walterio Fierro, (President), Raul Parra, Longino Vidal Be­ to Castillo (President), Armando Castillejos Jorge Monte Morago, Oscar Nufiez Bravo. cerra. Ortiz, Manuel Mesa Andra.ca, Maria Antonieta February. 21, 196-6 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE Rasc6n C6rdoba, Antonio Tenorio Adame, Soha.ir El Calamawy, Amina Ahmed El Said, Gousseinov, Bijamai Ramazanova, Tchengls Salvador Bojorquez. Ezz El Din Ali Moustafa, Rifaat El Mahgoub, Aitmatov, Zouleikha Gousseinova, Grigorl MONGOLIA Bahia Karam, Mohamed Diab, Sekina Sadat, Lovchine, Vladimir Kokkontai, Tchermychev Ahmed Mukhtar Kobt, Ragua Rami El Kholy, Viatcheslav, Sima Panich, . Nikolai Basanov, Mongolian Afro-Asiatic Committee for Samiha Taller Mustafa, Ahmed Reda Mo­ Veniamin Midtsev, Spartak Tsissanov, Ricliat Solidarity (7): Chadraval Lodoidamba (Pres­ hamed Khalifa, Shebl Hefez Mohame Shal­ Koudacl!ev, Jouri Bochkarev, Riouri'k ident), Nauzad Bayarju, Damba Dulamyn, aby, Mohamed WafaR:y Shulkamy, Mo­ Beleroutchev, Victor Boukharkov, Valeri Pountsag Berentsoodol, Narhoo Tsogtyn, hamed Owda, Hoda Tawfik, Louis Grace, Soukhine, Arnold Dobkine, Mikhail Kovalev, Namsarain Sodnon, Badamtar B. Baldo. Anis Mansour, Edward K. F. El Kharrat, Valeri Jikharev, Petr Nicolaev. MOZAMBIQUE Salah El Sayed, Hussain Rizk. URUGUAY Mozambique Liberation Front (6): Mar­ DOMINICAN REPUBLIC Leftist Liberation Front (6): Luis Pedro celino Dos Santos (President), Eugenio Ma­ National Committee for the Solidarity Bonavita Salguero (President), Cesar Reyes chado, Mariano Natsinha, Pascoal Nhapulo, Conference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, Daglio, Blanca Silva Collazo Odriozola, Ed­ Josina Abiatar Muthemba, Madalena Jingo and Latin America (5): Guido Rafael Gil mundo Soares Netto, Rodney Arismendi, and Juvangire. Diaz (President), Asdrubal Dominguez Guer­ Luis Echave Zas. NEPAL rero, Euclides Gutierrez Felix, Ceyetano VENEZUELA Afro-Asiatic Solidarity Committee (1): A. Rodriguez del Prado, Carlos M. Amiama Poorna Bahadur (President). National Liberation Front (15): Pedro Me­ Martinez. dina Silva (President), Gilberto L6pez, Ro­ NICARAGUA DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF NORTH VIETNAM sendo Menendez Luz, Ciro Rodriguez, Atencio National Committee for the Solidarity Solidarity Committee for Afro Asiatic (10): Manrique, Jer6n1mo Carrera, Jose Vicente Conference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia and Tuyen Tran Danh (President), Nguyen Duy Abreu, Hector Marcano Coello, Hector Perez Latin America (3): Pedro Ruiz (President), Tinh, Tuong Tran Cong, Le Nguyen Than, Marcano, Omar C8.rdenas, Moiself Molelro, Jose Pedro Rivera, Jose L6pez Rivera. Con Nguyen La, Bun Le Quang, Tha,ng Dang Oswaldo Barreto, Jorge Rubio, Ali Gonzalez, NIGER Thi, Phan Truong Si, Doan Dinh Ca, Nguyen Adolfo Gafiango. Sawaba Party (1): Abdoulaye Mamami DinnhBin. SOUTH VIETNAM (President). RUANDA Afro-Asiatic Solidarity Committee (7): NIGERIA National Union Ruanda Burundi (2): Tien Nguyen Van (President), Tran Van Tu, Congress of Youth of Nigeria. Socialist Francois Rubeka (President), Nelson Rwga- Kin Nguyen H Dang, Van Sau Ly, Cao Le Thi, Peasants and Workers Party of Nigeria (4): sore. Anh Trinn Van, Ba Nguyen Ngoc. SENEGAL Wahab Omorilewa Good.luck (President), YEMEN Salom6n Olaleye Fagbo, Elias Dupe Fadipe, African Independence Party (3): Mama­ dou Keifta (President), Thierno Amath Dan­ Afro-Asiatic Solidarity Committee of Ye­ Johnson Ebohom. men (1): Abdullah Al-Alawi (President). OMAN soko, N'Diongue Babacar. SOUTH YEMEN (ADEN) Oficina de Oman (Oman Office) ( 1) : Faisal SYRIA Faisal (President). Afro-Asiatic Solidarity Committee (8): National Liberation Front of Occupied South Yemen (2) : Saif A. S. Dhalee (Presi­ PAKISTAN Moudaf Haffar (President), Morris Salibi, dent), Jaffer Ali Awadh. Committee for Solidarity of the Afro­ Mohammad Ali Al Khatib, Moustapha Amine, Asian Peoples (7): · Maulana Aboul Hamid Rifai Nouri Mohamed, Mohammad Zouhdi ZIMBABWE Khan Bhasani (President), Itaz Husain, Arif Nashashibi, Ali El Khalil, Joubran Majdal­ Zimbabwe African Peoples Union (9): Ed­ Iftirhar, Qamaruz Saman Shah, Shauka ani. ward Nodlovu (President), Ethan Allen Dube, Khan, A. T. M. Mustafa, Miraj Khalio. FRENCH SOMALILAND David Mpongo, Charles Tarehwa Madondo, Amos Nguenya, Arthur Musuka, Charles PALESTINE Popular Movement Party ( 1) : Ahmed Mobarak Mobarak. Chikerema, Nolada Moshe Noko, Nelson T. C. Organization for the Liberation of Samkange. Palestine (5): Ibrahim Abu Sitta (Presi­ SWAZILAND Total number of delegates from 82 coun­ dent), Husni Khuffash Saleh, Zuhair Rayyis, Swaziland Progressive Party (2): Dingame tries is 512. Abdul Karim Al Karmi, Sala Reddin Dominic Cain Nxumalo (President), Ephraln Dabbagh. Mbhele. PANAMA SUDAN 0BsERVEBS TO CONFERENCE (ORGANIZATION AND NAMES OF OBSERVERS) National Committee for the Solidarity Con­ Democratic Peoples Party ( 5) : Aly Abdel ference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, and Rahman (President), Yousif Bushara, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS Latin America (4): Jorge Turner Morales Blllghies Ahmed, Ali Osman, Shazali Amin World Peace Council (9): Enrique Lister, (President), Francisco Guiterrez, Robe~ Shazali. Alfredo M. P. Valera, Omprakash Paliwal, Madariaga Montes, Floyd Britton. THAILAND Francis Boaten, Juan Marinello, Angel PARAGUAY Thailand Patriotic Front (3): Bhayome Dominguez Santamaria, Wiliiam Gollan, Oldrich Belie, Lucio Mario Luzzatto. National Committee for the Solidarity Con­ Chulanond (President), Suchart Bhuml­ morirak, Sid Hichai Songkara'ksa. International Federation of Democratic ference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, and Women (3): Florence Mephoshe, Helga Latin America ( 5) ; Carlos Valenzuela (Presi­ TANZANIA Dicken, Vilma Espin. dent), Hector Gutierrez, Jacinto Correa, Juan Tanganyika African National Union (6): World Federation of Democratic Youth Carlos Arza, Angel Gomez. Salim Rasuid (President), Amanas Swat (3): Eulogio Rodriguez Millares, Ctibor Citek, ARABIAN PENINSULA (S.P.), Muhammad Ali Foum, Lugo Taguaba, Rodolfo Mecnini. Socialist Front for the Liberation of the Ali Hahfudh, Abdulla Said Netepe. International Student Union ( 5) : Tran Arabian Peninsula ( 1) : Ahmad Jamaluddin TRINroAD-TOBAGO Van An, Kwamena Ocran, Zbynek Vokrovh­ Abdulla (President). National Committee for the Solidarity licky, Felix Rodriguez, Candido Dominguez Garcia. PERU Conference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, and World Syndacal Federation (4): Satish National Committee for the Solidarity Con­ Latin America (2) : George Weekes (Presi­ dent) , George Bowrin. Chaterjee, Mark Shope, Jose Bustos, Renato ference of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, and Bitossi. · Latin America (8): Roberto Garcia Urrutia UGANDA (President), Jesus Masa Paredes, Alberto SOCIALIST COUNTRIES Uganda Peoples Congress (5): Yomasanl Albania Ramirez, Jaime Venegas Romero, Armanal Kanyomozi (President), Ally Muwabe Klr­ Perez Carlo, Elizardo Sanchez Lomba, Freddy unda Kivejinja, Ratti Omongin, Kha.hid Albanian Committee of Solidarity With the People of Africa and Asia ( 4) : Foto Cami, Eyzagulrre Luque, Jorge Altorlaga Campos. Younis Kinene, Henry Nyakalru. PUERTO RICO Sotir Kambori, Faik Zaneli, Sezai Shyti. U .S.S.R. Bulgaria Pro-Independence Movement (4): Norman Soviet Committee for Afro-Asiatic Solidar­ Pietrl Castellon (President), Ana Livia Committee of Afro-Asiatic Solidarity (2): Cordero, Jose Luis Gonzalez Coiscoo, Narciso ity (40): Sharaf Rashidov (President), Zidravke Mitovski, Elena Gavrilova. Rabell Martinez. Anatoli Sofronov, Dimitri Gorbachev, Boris Gorbachev, Vladimir Judintsev, Rodolfo Czechoslovakia UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC Chliapnikov, Yans Vladimirski, Timur Czechoslovakian Committee of Solidarity Youssef El Sebai (SG OSPAA), Mohamed Gaidar, Natalia Berejnaia, Alexey Mayevsky, With the People of Africa and Asia (2): Kami Bahaa Eddin ( ASG OSPAA) , Morsi Latif Maksoudov (S.P.), Bahadur Abduzaza­ Antonin Vavrus, Vladimir Simek. Saad Eddin ( ASG, OSPAA) . kov, Cha'khan Tiouleoubekov, Vladimir Hungary AFRO ASIAN Yarovoi, Mirzo Tursun Zade, Zinaida Fed­ Hungarian Solidarity Committee With All Solidarity Committee (Arab Socialist erova, Rasul Gamsatov, Fikriat Tabeiv, the Peoples which Fight for Independence Union) (21): Khaled Mohied.lin (President), Dmitri Shevliagin, Mikhail Kossykh, Karan (2): Andras Tardos, Eva Koltai. CXII--220-Part 3 3488 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE February 21, 1966 Poland. United Arab Republic: Mohamed Fayed, Guinea Solidarity C.ommittee ·with the People of Nadia Sulflcar Salvi. Prensa de la Republica de Guinea: Bob Africa ·and Asia (2): Wladyslaw Sllwka, Josef Tanzania: Lidia Foun. Sow. Kulesza. U.S.S.R.: Jursand Rashidova. Great Britain Uruguay: Aida De'Mattels Ventura, Marla German Domestic Republic Victoria Espinola Gabreta.. Agencia Reuters: Michael Arkus, Maria Afro-Asian Solidarity Committee of the Venezuela: Eleana Sanchez, Ellzabeth Isabel Arostegui. German Democratic Republlc "(7) : Horst Sunday Telegraph: Charles lam Lumsden. · Burgos. Evening Standard London: Peter Kingsley. Max Brash, Edmund Rodner, Heinrich ' FOREIGN PRESS Eggebrecht, Heinz Joswig, Slgllnde Arker­ Publicity organs and names of journalists Holland man, Frel~el Trappan, Heinz Schmidt. Alemania Federal Algemeen Dagblad: Leo Klatser. Rumania. Das Andere Deutsehland: Lenor Velfort. Hungary Rumanian League of Friendship With the Argentina Radio y TV Budapest: Lazio D'Salgo. Peoples of Asia and Africa ( 1) : . Mlrcea Nepszabadsag Daily: George Kalmar. Radulescu. Dlario El Mundo: Juan Lefcovlch. Agencia. Telegraflca. Hungara: Havel Jozsef. AFRO-ASIAN ORGANIZATIONS Belgium Iran Conference of Afro-Asian Jurists (4): Boletin Informativo de Cuba: Hugo Bency. Shahbay: Rahim Hamyar. Shih Sheng Chao, Hsieh Wang, Fadlala Le Drapeau Rouge: Hubert Jacob. Keita, Wijanto. Mag~zine Europeo: Gabriel F. Dannau, Italy Permanent Bureau of Afro-Asian Writers Marie Noelle Cloes, Alphonse A. Roosens. L'Unlta: Saverlo Tutino, Gaetano Pagano. (2): Nlhal Lakshaman Rathapala, Karuna­ ~ul-garla. El Mundo Nuevo, L'Astrolabie, 11 Ponte: sena Jayalath. Mario Lana. Afro-Asian Journalists Conference (1): · Agencia. BTA: Todor Stolanov. Foto Reporter: Antonio Sansone. Dharmasena Manuweera. Canada Giornale D'Italia: Giuseppe Dall'Oncaro. ~~CAN ORGANIZA~ONS Canadian Tribune: Francis Williams Park, Japan Libbie Campbell Park. _South West Africa Peoples Organlzwtlon NHK Radio Televisora del Ja.p6n: Hiroshi (4): Peter Mueshihange, Andreas Shipanga., Korea Shiohozaki, Kyoichi Hoshino, Kentaro Ewald Katjlvena, Emil Appolus. Agencia Central de Corea: Choun Tak Zl. .Hlrayana.. Zimbabrine African National Union (3): Asa.hi Shlmbun: Bin Watanabe. King David Mutasa, Simpson Victor Mtam­ Costa Rica Per16dico Yomiuri: Takeshl Ogaws. banengwe, Agustine Monbesh6ra. 1 Semana.rio Libertad: 1,"rancisco Gamboa African Syndical Federation ( 1) : Prosper Guzman: Morocco Akannl. Diario Alkifah: Abdallah Layachi. CzeFEUD AMONG FEDERAL JUDGES to congratulate the gentleman from can to bring forth, as he has in hearings IN OKLAHOMA CITY Alabama on the statement that he is dealing with this Tri-Continental Con­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under making and also on the record that he ference, the making aware-making the previous order of the House, the gentle­ has made as chairman of the Subcom­ public aware-of what is taking place, man from Iowa is recognized for 30 mittee on Inter-American Affairs of the what has taken place, and what may very minutes. House Committee on Foreign Affairs. well take place throughout the entire . Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, on file in Mr. Speaker, I am referring particu­ Latin American area. the U.S. Supreme Court, ignored and larly to the work that he has done in Mr. Speaker, I would say to the gentle­ gathering dust for nearly 4 years, is an bringing out some of the facts about this man further, and to the Members of the official transcript that sets forth in detail recent Havana Conference, because such House, that it is a sad and sorry situation the shocking story of a bitter feud among a meeting and the attitude and identity when the taxpayers' money-approxi­ Federal judges in Oklahoma City, Okla. of the participants have great signifi-­ mately $1 million of the taxpayers' money The transcript is the verbatim state­ cance for us in determining the path that of this country-is being used through ment of Federal Judge Stephen S. we should follow in the pursuit of our the United Nations to support a tech­ Chandler in which he accuses Federal foreign policy. nological college in Havana, CUba, for Judges Alfred P. Murrah and Luther I believe that the gentleman from Ala­ the purpose-ostensible purpose-of fur­ Bohanon of persecution. bama will agree that a study of the Con­ ther training those who would subvert Chandler's testimony was given before ference proceedings show that this was the rest of Latin America. the Judicial Council of the 10th Circuit a Russian-organized meeting, that the And, Mr. Speaker, it is my hope that Court, sitting in Wichita, Kans., on April facade of- universal action was pretty the Inter-American Subcommittee of the 25, 1962, after Chandler had been dis­ thin. Committee on Foreign Affairs will take qualified by the Judicial Council from At the same time there was one sig­ further action to denounce this use of presiding in a bankruptcy proceeding. nificant result of this heavy-handed Con­ American funds for this purpose. Federal Judge Chandler asserts in the ference that I should like to mention, Again, Mr. Speaker, I compliment the transcript that Federal Judge Murrah and that was the reaction to its subver­ gentleman from Alabama [Mr. SELDEN]. sometimes cursed him, once tried to get sive activities and pronouncements of Mr. SELDEN. I thank my colleague, him to alter his estimate of property the countries of Latin America them­ the gentleman from Iowa, who also is an values in a certain case; that his tele­ selves. When the members of the Orga­ extremely able member of the Subcom­ phone was tapped, and he was afraid nization of American States heard of the mittee on Inter-American Affairs. I, too, of being poisoned. action which had taken place, without am concerned in connection with the an­ He accused Federal Judge Bohanon any dissenting vote, they proceeded to nouncement that American taxpayers' of spying on him, circulating rumors take prompt action to deplore the revo­ dollars are to be used to support a tech­ about him, and soliciting a bribe. lutionary policies that were set forth and nological college in Havana, Cuba. I Chandler said that in 1942, Bohanon the stated interventionist objectives of have called this announcement to the offered to get him appointed as a Federal this conference. attention of the chairman of the Sub­ judge for $25,000. Bohanon was a law­ Mr. Speaker, it is noteworthy that sub­ committee on International Organiza­ yer at that time. It was on January 30, sequent to this Latin American action, tions and Movements, which has juris­ 1962, said Chandler, that Bohanon's at­ whether for publicity purposes or other­ diction over this subject, with the request titude toward him changed from warm wise, there was a very prompt verbal that the subcommittee look into it. Since friendship to bitter hatred. backtracking on the part of the Russlans the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. GRossl is Murrah is the chief judge of the 10th themselves perhaps because they did not a member of that particular subcom­ Circuit Court of Appeals. It was the appreciate completely the depth of the mittee also, I feel certain he will want judges of this circuit, sitting as the judi­ reaction in the Latin American countries to make a similar request. cial council, that disquali:fled Chandler to this conference. At any rate, the Mr. RONCALIO. Mr. Speaker, will from further jurisdiction in the bank­ avowed sponsorship of subversion and in­ the gentleman yield? ruptcy case and, on December 13, 1965,. tervention accords ill with the oft-stated Mr. SELDEN. I am happy to yield to stripped him of all judicial power and Soviet objective of building bridges to the my colleague from Wyoming. authority, leaving him only his title and Western world. Mr. RONCALIO. Mr. Speaker, I rise $30,000 a year salary. Mr. Speaker, I feel that the gentleman to congratulate the gentleman from For all practical purposes this amount­ from Alabama should be complimented Alabama [Mr. SELDEN], for an enlight­ ed to impeachment---an action which, and commended for the work that he and ening and most helpful speech. I am under the Constitution of the United the committee have done on this subject. pleased to associate myself with his re­ · States, is vested only in the Congress, Mr. SELDEN. Mr. Speaker, I thank marks, Mr. Speaker, and I certainly hope and Judge Chandler describes this action. my colleague, who is a very able member that debate in the Congress this past .as a usurpation of power. of the Subcommittee on Inter-American week will not weaken in any conceivable Subsequently, in February of this. Affairs. way our determination to act unilaterally. year-1966-and because of protests both 3490 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE February 21, 1966 in and out of Congress, the same judicial with any of them nor have they com­ allocated, shall be reallocated by the Secre­ council of the 10th circuit restored to municated with me. I have no personal tary so as to accomplish maximum use of such funds. Judge Chandler some 160 of the cases knowledge of the character or qualifica­ SEC. 6. There are bereby authorized to be which had previously been taken from tions of these jurists, all of whom are now appropriated such sums as may be necessary him. This simply compounded the delib­ holding places of the highest trust and to carry out the purposes of this Act, but for erate assumption of power implicit in the respoiisibili ty. the fiscal ·year ending June 30, 1966, not to original action. I do know that when a Federal district exceed $105,000,000; for the fiscal year end­ Throughout the 57-page transcript on judge sits before a tribunal of four Fed­ ing June 30, 1967, not to exceed $110,000,000; file in the Supreme Court, the heart of eral circuit judges and makes the charges for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1968, not Chandler's testimony is that he has been contained in this transcript--and for al­ to exceed $115,000,000; for the fiscal year most 4 long years little or nothing is ending June 30, 1969, and each succeeding the victim of Murrah's bitter hatred for fiscal year thereafter, not to exceed 19 years. done to prove or disprove those charges-­ $120,000,000. Pointing to his disqualification in the that it is a travesty in the name of the bankruptcy case, Ch.andler said: courts and justice in this country. Mr. Speaker, I should like to explain This whole proceeding is actuated by mal­ As a citizen and a Member of Congress, the intent of this bill, and some of the ice and aided and abetted and assisted and I cannot sit idly by and watch while the reasoning behind it. This bill would in really engineered by Judge Murrah and respect and confidence in the Federal ju­ effect make the present milk program Judge Bohanon. diciary is undermined in Oklahoma or permanent, and would continue to make any other area of the Nation. And I sub­ the program available to children on the In the bankruptcy case, Parker Petro­ mit that there are other areas that need broadest practical scale. Known as the leum Co. was the debtor. It filed a peti­ attention. Children's Special Milk Act of 1966, my tion for reorganization in U.S. district I urge in the strongest terms at my bill is explicit as to the intent of Con­ court in Oklahoma City on May 6, 1958. command that the proper committees of gress both now and when the program Since outside financing w.as necessary, Congress launch ar1 immediate investi­ was inaugurated in 1954. Occidental Petroleum, of Los Angeles, gation. Dairy farmers often refer to the "dual holder of 40,000 shares of Parker stock, purpose cow." They mean, of course, filed a reorganization plan for Parker that the cow can be used for milk during Petroleum on August 14, 1959. THE CHILDREN'S SPECIAL MILK her life and that she and her offspring There followed months of litigation. ACT OF 1966 carry more meat than the dairy breeds. Occidental tried to withdraw but Chan­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under The beauty of the present special milk dler held it could not legally do so. He a previous order of the House, the gen­ program is that it creates a tripurpose was reversed by the 10th circuit but the tleman from Minnesota [Mr. QumJ is cow. Those ·three purposes constitute liability of Occidental for damages was recognized for 5 minutes. · the three justifications for passage of my left open and the case returned to Chan­ Mr. QUIE. Mr. Speaker, to supple­ bill. They are: dler. ment my earlier protest over the budget­ First. Beneficial effects on the health Occidential then requested Chandler ary cut in the school milk and lunch and nutrition of American children. to disqualify himself but before he could program, I have introduced a bill, which Second. The creation of an additional rule on that request Occidental took the I should like to have printed in full at market and the development of new and litigation to the 10th circuit. Chandler this point in the body of the RECORD: future markets for U.S.-produced dairy was promptly ordered out of the case. H.R. 12907 products. He fought back because, he said, he Third. A better way to support the had unwittingly caused Parker Petroleum Be tt enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of price of dairy products through greater to have· confidence in Occidental Petro­ America in Congress assembled, That this consumption of fluid milk, rather than leum mainly because Bert Barefoot, Jr., Act may be cited as the "Children's Special the subsequent purchase of manufac­ former law partner of Judge Bohanon, Milk Act of 1966." tured dairy products by the Commodity and a lawyer for Occidental, had made LEGISLATIVE FINDING Credit Corporation. unconditional pledges of financial sup­ SEC. 2. The Congress finds that the in­ The biggest advantage of these three port. creased consumption of fluid milk by a maxi­ purposes is that they are never at odds He charged Barefoot with a conflict of mum number of American children is in with one another. We can have the best interest on the grounds that he repre­ the public interest in order to promote pub­ elements of each. Under the adminis­ sented two parties in the litigation, lic health and nutrition; to create and de­ tration proposal to cut the present milk Barefoot, Chandler said, became "men­ velop markets for dairy products produced program to 20 percent of its present size, acing," adding that "he began spitting in by American farmers; and to effeotively and you have only one purpose: distribution my face and he took charge of the court efficiently supplement the dairy price sup­ port activities of the United State~ Depart­ of milk to needy children. Market for­ and entered orders and it was pretty ment of Agriculture. mation and support benefits are forgot­ bad." SEC. 3. The Act of July 1, 1958, as amended ten. It is purely a matter of speculation In the case in which he fixed the value (72 Stat. 276; 74 Stat. 84; 75 Stat. 147; 75 on the part of the Department of Agri­ of some property, Judge Chandler tes­ Stat. 319), is hereby repealed. · culture that children now being subsi­ tified that Judge Murrah called him into · SEC. 4. The Secretary of Agriculture shall, dized for milk will go ahead and pay full his chambers and said: under such rules and regulations as he may price for it; in fact, Department projec­ Now you have got to change that • • •. deem in the public interest, encourage the tions show that present milk consump­ You are going to delay our building here. consumption of :fluid milk by children in the United States in (1) nonprofit schools tion under school programs would drop Chandler said he replied that his ap­ of high school grade and under, and (2) by one-third, or half a billion pounds of praisal was right, and he refused to nonprofit nursery schools, child-care cen­ milk. At a time when the dairy industry change it whereupon, said Chandler: ters, settlement houses, summer camps, and continues to need the support of every similar nonprofit institutions devoted to the available market, this seems totally un­ He [Murrah] jumped up and said "You care and training of children. For the pur­ (so-and-so) yellow son of a (so-and-so). I justified. poses of this Act "United States" means the My bill repeals the present statutory have worked for 7 years on this building and fifty States and the District of Columbia. here you do that and we don't get it." SEC. 5. All sums appropriated under this authority for the special milk program. Chandler testified that on another oc­ Act, less such amounts as the Secretary shall This will remove an obsolete provision determine to be reasonable and necessary for from the law when the present statute casion Murrah asked him to set aside his administrative costs and reserves, shall expires. It also avoids any problem of an order in a jury case. He refused and be allocated ait the earliest possible date for legal interpretation between the time of Murrah then said according to Chan­ the use of nonprofit schools and other non­ enactment of this bill and the scheduled dler: profit institutions desiring to participate in termination of the present statute on Well, every other judge of the circuit does the program and shall be used to reimburse June 30, 1967. what I tell them to. I don't know what the such nonprofit schools and other nonprofit hell is wrong with you that you won't. institutions for :fluid milk served to children. The bill further recodifies without Any such allocation, or portion thereof, change the provisions in the present law Mr. Speaker, I have never met a single which the Secretary shall determine will not dealing with the eligibility of schools and <>ne of the principals involved in this sit­ be fully utilized by any such nonprofit other institutions for the benefits of this uation. I have in no way communicated school or other nonprofit institution as then program. This section (4) also retains February 21, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 3491 the definition of the "United States" as it being cut to the bone to make room for gives the illusion of thrift when the cost appears in present law to include the 50 speculative and unproven programs at is .actually very high. States and the District of Columbia. the expense of schoolchildren, who can :l urge every Member of Congress to Another section sets fortn the proce­ neither afford this nor defend against it. give his serious consideration to the re­ dures to be followed by the Secretary of Mr. Speaker, this is false economy be­ funding of the well-established milk pro­ Agriculture in the administration of the cause it results in decreased consump­ gram. I urge every Member to consider program. Except for necessary admin­ tion; it is false because we are dealing the futility of this exercise in false econ­ istrative expenses and reserves, all avail­ with nutrition and health here; it is omy, and to compare the good that has able funds shall be allocated promptly false because unfavorable conditions in been done by this program with the and unused amounts shall be reallocated the dairy industry will combine with this incredibly mediocre results of several in a manner designed to accomplish the cutback to increase the necessary sup­ more expensive programs aimed at the maximum effectiveness of the program. port payments to dairy producers, which welfare of the poor. It is hard to believe Appropriations will be $105 million in cost the Nation $13 million last year as it that Congress can allow this program of fiscal year 1966, $110 million for fiscal was. obvious results and acceptances to die in year 1967, $115 million for fiscal year But this is only the beginning. The order that wildly speculative programs 1968, and $120 million for fiscal year 1969 administration's suggested appropria­ on the domestic front be born. It is dis­ and subsequenut years on a permanent tion for fiscal 1967 for the two programs couraging to see that once a domestic basis. amounts to only two-thirds of the pres-· program has indeed proven itself in the Mr. Speaker, the school milk program ent total, with the largest cutback com­ marketplace of public acceptance, it is was used in approximately 92,000 schools ing in the milk program, which would be no longer worthy of .administration sup­ in 1965, or 22,000 more schools than used diminished to less than one-third its port. I sincerely hope that many of my the school lunch program. The usage of present size. Supposedly, these two pro­ colleagues will join me in demonstrating milk in both programs aggregated nearly grams are going to be redirected in order to the administration that it is a mistake 3 billion pounds. If the milk had not to aim only at the most needy children to curtail these programs and in refund­ been so used, it would undoubtedly have of the country. They will, in effect, join ing the school milk program to its pres­ been bought by the CCC, at a direct cost the war on poverty. While cutting back ent effective levels. of about $103 million, or exactly the their appropriations considerably, they At this point I should like to introduce present appropriation for the milk pro­ will, according to the budget, require into the body of the RECORD a letter I re­ gram. Congress was aware of the Na­ more employees than they now have in ceived from the district supervisor of tion's fiscal situation when it voted $103 order to administer the more careful food services in a Minnesot.a school dis­ million for the special milk program, but screening process. That, of co·urse; is trict. The letter is self-explanatory, and it seems that the President's concern for nothing new on the poverty front:· reflects the same concern that is being inflation and the cost of the war has al­ Fewer people helped, more people expressed across the Nation: ready forced cutbacks in the program administering. INDEPENDENT SCHOOL DISTRICT No. 281, that have been passed on to schoolchil­ Whether the consumption of milk will Robbinsdale, Minn., February 9, 1966. dren and school districts in the form of decrease as a result of the program cut­ Hon. ALBERT H. QUIE, higher milk costs to them. Let me ex­ backs is, as I have said, still a matter of House of Representatives, plain: speculation. To be sure, many schools Washington, D.O. will try to off er the present milk supply DEAR Sm: We are concerned to learn o! When President Johnson requested all to schoolchildren at cost, or no profit to the additional cut in the Federal appropria­ his agencies to cut back on existing pro­ tion for the special milk program and of the grams wherever possible in light of the · themselves. At present that cost is fact that the budget request for the next somewhere in the neighborhood of 6 year will be cut by about two-thirds for the war in Vietnam and the high employ­ cents per half pint, but is considerably ment level, the Administrator of the milk program. In addition to this cut, our lower to schoolchildren as a result of the great concern is the cut in the school lunch school milk and lunch programs directed Federal milk program. If price setting appropriation for next year and the probable that $10 m111ion be spent on the milk is left up to individual school districts, offering of fewer commodities for use in the program instead of the $103 million ear­ that cost will in many instances be lunch program. marked by Congress in its 1966 appropri­ raised to 10 cents per half pint, in order We feel we have an excellent lunch pr~ ation for that purpose. If this economy to recoup costs. Needy children will be gram in our district, which is the third larg­ could have been achieved without chang­ est in the State of Minnesota. We have allowed to receive the milk at the pres­ between 60 and 70 percent participation in ing the nature of the program, I doubt ent low cost, but will they now be re­ whether any Member of Congress would our lunch program. While we are not in an. quired to bring a note from home saying economically depressed area, we stm feel have legit;.tnate grounds for complaint. that they are too poor to pay for the tnis program fills a need for our students .. As it is, however, the cutback forced the milk like the other children? Can we They do learn' to ·eat a good balanced meal Administrator to reduce the reimburse­ assume that all the children presently and often learn to eat foods they do not. ment rate by 10 percent. This results enjoying school milk will continue to do have at home. ' in increased costs to the school district. so after the price increase? We cannot. Since President Johnson said in his budget and in most cases it forces them to raise message to the Nation that he "wished to This could do serious damage to the milk improve the nutrition of the Nation's chU­ the price of the milk to the children intake and the health benefits of the themselves. At that point, the intent of dren,'" we strongly feel that these budget. children. cuts are contradictory to his message. Congress is violated; the Congress was This cutback tnay be a savings to the We urge you to consider these facts arid do fully aware of the economic conditions Federal Government, but the money what you can to prevent this reduction o! in this country at the time it appropri­ means a great deal to the parents, chil­ school lunch funds. ated $103 million for the milk program­ dren, and dairy farmers who presently Sincerely yours, and it fully expected that sum of money depend on them. A total of $101 million JOYCE BRADLEY, to be used to bring milk to children at is being cut from the milk and lunch District Supervisor of Food Services. the lowest possible cost to them. That budget, and who or what is being saved? cost would have remained at its previous Surely not the cost of the Department of low level had not the Department of Agriculture, which will increase as it be­ EDUCATION: CONGRESS IS FACED Agriculture arbitrarily decided that this comes necessary to give more support to WITH SOME TRYING ALTERNATIVES was a good place to relieve the pressure our dairy farmers; surely not the farm­ Mr. KREBS. Mr. Speaker, I ask on the economy. I vehemently oppose ers, who will have lost part of an impor­ unanimous consent that the gentleman this · cutback, not only on the grounds tant sustaining market; surely not the from Indiana [Mr. BRADEMAS] may ex­ that the intent of Congress was violated, schoolchildren, some of whom will have tend his remarks at this point in the but because it represents blatent false to stop drinking milk at school. No one RECORD and include extraneous matter. economy. What is more, the President's gains except the final figure of the budg­ · The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there programs under the costly and badly et, which is proud to be $101 million objection to the request of the gentleman mismanaged war on poverty are largely trimmer. Like many other aspects of the from New Jersey? responsible for the pressure that brings so-called Great Society, this has been There was no objection. the need for cutbacks in the first place. revealed as an optical illusion which pre­ Mr. BRADEMAS. Mr. Speaker, the So we see efficient, valuable programs tends to be that which it is not, which 89th Congress has during the 1st session 1 3492 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE February 21, 1966 already compiled an extraordinary rec­ been receiving since the late ],_9th. century.· funds. State and nonprofit private student ord of achievement in the field of edu­ The cut would affect the so-called special loan progr·arils would guarantee the loans. cation. Members of Congress will there­ appropriations which have been increased The Federal Government would pay interest from time to time as enrollment and the while the student was pursuing his studies, fore study with particular care President cost of higher education has risen. and 3 percentage points of interest after­ Johnson's proposals for implementing Administration spokesmen have observed ward for students from families with annual the education measures passed during that the funds for the land grants are no incomes below $15,000. Interest on these 1965 and also during the 88th Congress longer needed because of the advent of other loans is not to exceed 6 percent or, in excep­ as well as his proposals for the year types of Federal aid. The reply to this from tional cases, 7 percent. ahead. . land-grant partisans is that these Federal A parallel program of "educational oppor­ One of the most thoughtful discussions appropriations are among the most useful tunity grants" would provide $70 million a funds these institutions receive, since they year for 3 years for grants of from $200 to I have seen of the President's education can be used where they are needed most, $800 a year for "exceptionally needy" stu­ proposals for fiscal year 1967 is an arti­ while other Federal programs are categor­ dents. Financial need is now a factor in cle by John Walsh in the February 4, ical in the sense that funds are earmarked award of NDEA loans, and students with 1966, issue of Science magazine, a pub­ for specific uses. Most of the land-grant serious financial needs would presumably be lication of the American Association for funds are used to pay faculty salaries and are taken care of by the new opportunity grants the Advancement of Science. regarded as replacing income for endow­ if the NDEA loan system were merged with Under unanimous consent I insert this ments, which most land-grant institutions the bigger loan insurance program. have in comparatively meager amounts. The administration has said the change to article, "Education: Congress Is Faced Each of the land-grant institutions would private financing will result in a big increase With Some Trying Alternatives," at this continue to receive a fiat $50,000 a year. in the number of student borrowers. NDEA point in the RECORD. But the reduction in appropriations for in­ funds this year are going to about 319,000 EDUCATION: CONGRESS Is FACED WITH SOME dividual institutions would probably fall students. The budget message predicted TRYING ALTERNATIVES Itlost heavily on institutions with predomi­ that some 775,000 will participate under the When the Federal budget is revealed to nantly Negro enrollments in Southern recast loan program. public view its general features are obvious, States. Many of these were originally "sep­ Critics of the merger point out that the but details are not. At first, it is ditficult to arate but equal" facilities which have been new loan guarantee program is untried and see the trees for the wood. Second thoughts underfinanced and still depends on Federal developments are to some extent unpredic­ often follow a second look. land-grant funds for very significant parts table. In many States, no State agency de­ AB the Pr_esident said in his budget mes­ of their budgets. In bigger, richer institu­ signed or empowered to undertake the guar­ sage, "A budget is not simply a schedule of tions, losses would be proportionally smaller, antee of such loans exists. Many legislatures financial accounts. but they would l?ave considerable impact. doubtless will remedy this deficiency, but the "It is a program for action." Cornell University, for example, has been question of what happens if they do not A budget is also a political document and receiving nearly $600,000 a year in land­ hangs in the air. can be compared, not unreasonably, to the grant funds, and if it lost all but $50,000 a The legislation-has a provision for author­ opening bet in a hand of poker. year, the equivalent endowment needed to izing a Federal program of insured loans for The budget for fiscal 1967 calls for record replace these funds, at a return of 5 percent students who do not have reasonable access expenditures ($112.8 billion) and forecasts a year on investments, would be some $11 to equivalent State or private loan programs what, under the circumstances, is a remark­ million. and authorizes $17.5 million for advances to ably small deficit ($1.8 billion). In order to The land-grant colleges and universities State and private nonprofit programs. But finance the Vietnam war and a number of have considered themselves, on fairly strong how all this will work is not yet clear. new programs without resorting to higher evidence to be enjoying a kind of most-fav­ Expenditures for NDEA loans would be expenditures and a bigger deficit, a number ored-institutions status in their relations cut by $149 million in fiscal 1967, leaving of existing programs· have been put to the with the Federal Government, and the ad­ some $30 m1llion which apparently is in­ budgetary knife (Science, Jan. 28). ministration proposal is sure to kindle re­ tended to finance the transition. The budget of the Oftlce of Education in criminations, whether Congress follows the Doubts have been raised that the private the Department of Health, Education, and recommendations or not. money market will be able to provide funds Welfare offers an illustration of how this has The proposal to reduce funds to school for such an expansion of student loans, par­ been done. Total funds administered by the districts also would affect a program which ticularly if another $150 m1llion in loans Oftlce of Education would rise by some $174 has grown fammar and acquired flavor in a now financed by the Treasury is thrown in. million -to a total $3 .5 billion in the coming large number of school districts (some 4,100). Banks and some other private lending in­ fiscal year. This $174 million, however, is a Impacted-area funds are now counted on by stitutions have experience with college loans, net figure. Increases totaling $561 milUon the budget makers in most of these school but not, obviously, on the scale contem­ would be strongly off-set by cuts amounting districts, and reductions would doubtless plated. In banking circles there ls clearly a to $387 million. raise an alarm which would be echoed in sense of gratification at seeing the Federal The most conspicuous cuts in education Congress. Government withdraw.Ing their direct action :programs would _be (i) $191 million in as­ The main effect of the new and fairly com­ in the loan .business. Universities and col­ sistance to school districts with sizable num­ plicated proposal would be to require school leges may also be relieved at giving up some bers of children· of Federal employees en­ districts to "absorb" more of the cost of edu­ of· their activity as lending and collection rolled; (ii) $12 ~million in special appropria­ cating children of Federal employees, espe­ age}1.cies, particularly since, as the rate of late tions for land grant institutions; and (111) cially those. who work, but do not live, on payment and defaults on NDEA loans indi­ merger of the National Defense Education Act Federal property. · · · cate, some of them have not been very good loan program for undergraduates, and grad­ Funds th the two. programs which make at it. .. i - , uate students with the loan insurance pro­ up impacted aid would be cut to a total :· The recent increase in the interest" rate gram which was part of the Higher Education $20~.3 million, as compared with some $397 and, consequently, in the price of money to Act passed last year. A system of private million in the current fiscal year. lending ins~itutions certainly does not make loans to students would be substituted for .,, The number of school districts receiving the 6-percent loans any more attractive to the present program of Federal loans to stu­ aid would be reduced by about 1,000, to the banks. The fact that the loans are rela­ n with the major communities of Europe an adequate national air transport system 1966 l and South America. It is air transportation capable of meeting the needs of our present I am honored to be here in the company of which is helping to banish the fear of isola­ and future domestic and international trade the Puerto Rico Chamber of Commerce this tion and the sense of division which, in the and commerce. , evening. Your invitation to join With you in past, has gripped so many of · the Caribbean I deem it fortunate that so much of your emphasizing the essential importance of our basin peoples. future Will be identified With air transporta­ national air transportation system in the ad­ By virtue of air transportation, the re­ tion which, in my: judgment, is our most vancement of your econoinic and social wel­ splendent charms of this 1sland have been progressive and· dynamic mode of transpor­ fare has- afforded .me the first opportunity to made immediately ava1lable, a~ prices rea­ tation. I say that for several reasons: visit this great Commonwealth. As I ., told sonably related to costs, to literally h.undreds First, in aviation technology, including your President, Mr. Jw;to Pastor Rivera, in of thousands of people in the United States aircraft design and production, we are un­ Washington a few weekS ago, I have come not and elsewhere.' Here, ·at San Juan's Inter­ questionably world leaders. U.S. aircraft prtmarily to speak but rather, to listen; not national Airport, muftiple carriers vie with are in use, in increasing numbers, under the to lecture, but to learn. I want to acquire a one another in providing an ex.cellence of flags of all of the fre,e world, over air Youtes ire~ter fainiliarity .with your problems, to service with the most modern aircraft at a in every corner of the globle. Yet, ow understand them the better and to ,consider variety"of price levels. search for even better aircraft products con­ them as they relate on the larger scene of Last year, while maritime transport tinues at an accelerated pace. America's national interest. · afforded you 55 sail~ngs each month to 18 Second, our air carrier industry' has built This is not to say that I have no previous ports, you enjoyed some 156 direct ftights the most extensive, the soundest, and most acquaintance with the needs and aspirations each week to U.S. markets, plus Latin Amer­ economically viable air transportation sys­ of Puerto Rico-its record of progres8ive self­ foa and Europe. Eleven' airlines transported tem in the world. In terms of service to the development and its impressive achlevem.ents. more than 100 tons of air cargo daily-and public it has no peer elsewhere. In profitabil­ In frequent cases and conferences during the the growth and development of economically ity to investors it has no counterpart. Our past 5 years-in which the Commonwe.altll priced air freight the air cargo .wm figure airllne managements have ~ourageously com­ has often participated-I have acquired a more and -more in your commercial future. i:rlitted billions of doliars to maktng the jet keen appr~ciation of the special importance of CertSiinly, r the contributions of civil . aii: age a reality for the millions of travelers and this Commonwealth in the present and future t;ran~port technology and of progressive air shippers now regularly utilizing their safe development of our American. way of life in carrier management can flncl no better prov­ and reliable ser.vices. this offshore Caribbean area: The ever-un­ ing ground tnan in the pattern of air services · And. finally, we can say with some par­ folding econoinic drama of Operation Boot­ available at.your Internaltional Airport. They donable pride; that a regulatory climate and strap With which so many of you here tonight have made you the crossroads of Caribbean attitude. has been provided by the CAB in ~e personally identified, is an inspirational air tramc. which air transportation has been encouraged example of self-reliance and self-development But while your present air transportation to grow and develop at a max1Inized p~ With which all men in all parts of the world fac111ties are excellent ':Re, at the CiVtl Aero­ relatively free from discouraging regulatory interested in the cause of freedom and human nautics Board, fully ·appreciate that your burdens or undue restrlctions. dignity, are and should be acquainted. service requirements continue to expand; As you contemplate the future, therefore, And we know that Puerto Ricans have ini­ that as your needs grow, so too must your you can confidently co;nc1ude that the air tiated another operation-Operation Sereni­ air transport horizons be enlarged. We have transport industry is not amicted With any dad-to lend the proper cultural and spiritual full confidence in the responsiveness of the serious ills. Its problems, fortunately, are framework to the material advancement authorized carriers to meet the increased chiefly :those· associated with growth, of bur­ sought by your quickened trade and com­ demands for services. We know that in­ geoning expansion and, indeed, aftluence. merce. Coining from a part of the United dustry, which has supplanted agriculture as This past year, our carriers, both domestic States which takes special pride in its colonial the prime factor in the Puerto Rican econ­ and international, set new tramc record highs history, I cannot help but be impressed with omy, requires rapid and reasonably priced in every category of market indexes--and, at the antiquity of your culture and institu­ air transportation in order to maintain its the same time achieved the most favorable tions. This island had been colonized for position in the 'sWiftly evolving economy of profit returns in many years. This trend more than a century before my native city the modern-day world. Likewise, we are continues. The latest figures available show, was founded by Roger W111iams in 1636; the aware of the special dependence of tourism-:­ for example, that December 1965 trunkline hostile incursions of the British and Dutch now the third-ranking contributor to your tramc was up 6.2 percent over November 1965 ·had long been repulsed from the battlements economy-upon the continued development and up 22 percent over December 1964. Load ·of Morro Castle before the colony of Rhode and enlargement of convenient and reason­ factors are continuing to hold steady even as Island and Providence Plantations received ably priced air transportation services. the number of seats made available for sale its charter from King Charles II in 1663. The dramatic growth in air travel is no­ continues to rise. Certainly, no other area under the American where better illustrated than in the New Our air tr·ansport industry, then, stands flag can boast of a more ancient and impres­ York-San Juan mar~et which has expanqed fully able- and ever willing to join with you sive heritage than the Commonwealth of threefold in the past decade and which we in lifting your economy to new heights. February 21, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - :HOUSE 3497 Airline managements are devoting an in­ discovering this pleasurable fact but, like­ to extend an invitation to the World Health creasing proportion of their attention and wise, more and more Europeans. The work Organization to hold the 22d World Health resourees to improvement of their servi.ce8 of this chamber, then, in the development of Assembly in Boston, Mass., in 1969. as well as innovations in the promotion of a strong tourist economy in the Common­ resort and tourist travel. You cannot help wealth is a significant contribution to our but profit from all of this. balance-of-payments problem. You are to be ADJOURNMENT There can be no reasonable doubt that the commended for your efforts in this direction. years ahead are destined to be yea.rs of great In conclusion then, let me say that the Mr. KREBS. Mr. Speaker, I move that promise and dramatic growth in all modes future for Puerto Rico is indeed bright and the House do now adjourn. of air transportation. According to reliable that developing future will continue to be The motion was a.greed to; accord­ forecasts, the record levels of 1965 wlll be enhanced by progressive and reliable air ingly ment Operations . . have you recognized that the promotion of Mr. DEL CLAWSON. 2064. A letter from the Acting Comptroller the neighboring islands as touris1i .attrac­ (The following Members