Understanding Complex Macromolecular Systems from Sparse Data
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ANNUAL REVIEW 1 October 2005–30 September
WELLCOME TRUST ANNUAL REVIEW 1 October 2005–30 September 2006 ANNUAL REVIEW 2006 The Wellcome Trust is the largest charity in the UK and the second largest medical research charity in the world. It funds innovative biomedical research, in the UK and internationally, spending around £500 million each year to support the brightest scientists with the best ideas. The Wellcome Trust supports public debate about biomedical research and its impact on health and wellbeing. www.wellcome.ac.uk THE WELLCOME TRUST The Wellcome Trust is the largest charity in the UK and the second largest medical research charity in the world. 123 CONTENTS BOARD OF GOVERNORS 2 Director’s statement William Castell 4 Advancing knowledge Chairman 16 Using knowledge Martin Bobrow Deputy Chairman 24 Engaging society Adrian Bird 30 Developing people Leszek Borysiewicz 36 Facilitating research Patricia Hodgson 40 Developing our organisation Richard Hynes 41 Wellcome Trust 2005/06 Ronald Plasterk 42 Financial summary 2005/06 Alastair Ross Goobey 44 Funding developments 2005/06 Peter Smith 46 Streams funding 2005/06 Jean Thomas 48 Technology Transfer Edward Walker-Arnott 49 Wellcome Trust Genome Campus As at January 2007 50 Public Engagement 51 Library and information resources 52 Advisory committees Images 1 Surface of the gut. 3 Zebrafish. 5 Cells in a developing This Annual Review covers the 2 Young children in 4 A scene from Y fruit fly. Wellcome Trust’s financial year, from Kenya. Touring’s Every Breath. 6 Data management at the Sanger Institute. 1 October 2005 to 30 September 2006. CONTENTS 1 45 6 EXECUTIVE BOARD MAKING A DIFFERENCE Developing people: To foster a Mark Walport The Wellcome Trust’s mission is research community and individual Director to foster and promote research with researchers who can contribute to the advancement and use of knowledge Ted Bianco the aim of improving human and Director of Technology Transfer animal health. -
Female Fellows of the Royal Society
Female Fellows of the Royal Society Professor Jan Anderson FRS [1996] Professor Ruth Lynden-Bell FRS [2006] Professor Judith Armitage FRS [2013] Dr Mary Lyon FRS [1973] Professor Frances Ashcroft FMedSci FRS [1999] Professor Georgina Mace CBE FRS [2002] Professor Gillian Bates FMedSci FRS [2007] Professor Trudy Mackay FRS [2006] Professor Jean Beggs CBE FRS [1998] Professor Enid MacRobbie FRS [1991] Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell DBE FRS [2003] Dr Philippa Marrack FMedSci FRS [1997] Dame Valerie Beral DBE FMedSci FRS [2006] Professor Dusa McDuff FRS [1994] Dr Mariann Bienz FMedSci FRS [2003] Professor Angela McLean FRS [2009] Professor Elizabeth Blackburn AC FRS [1992] Professor Anne Mills FMedSci FRS [2013] Professor Andrea Brand FMedSci FRS [2010] Professor Brenda Milner CC FRS [1979] Professor Eleanor Burbidge FRS [1964] Dr Anne O'Garra FMedSci FRS [2008] Professor Eleanor Campbell FRS [2010] Dame Bridget Ogilvie AC DBE FMedSci FRS [2003] Professor Doreen Cantrell FMedSci FRS [2011] Baroness Onora O'Neill * CBE FBA FMedSci FRS [2007] Professor Lorna Casselton CBE FRS [1999] Dame Linda Partridge DBE FMedSci FRS [1996] Professor Deborah Charlesworth FRS [2005] Dr Barbara Pearse FRS [1988] Professor Jennifer Clack FRS [2009] Professor Fiona Powrie FRS [2011] Professor Nicola Clayton FRS [2010] Professor Susan Rees FRS [2002] Professor Suzanne Cory AC FRS [1992] Professor Daniela Rhodes FRS [2007] Dame Kay Davies DBE FMedSci FRS [2003] Professor Elizabeth Robertson FRS [2003] Professor Caroline Dean OBE FRS [2004] Dame Carol Robinson DBE FMedSci -
Written Response #5
Written Response #5 • Draw and fill in the chart below about three different types of cells: Written Response #6-18 • In this true/false activity: • You and your partner will discuss the question, each of you will record your response and share your answer with the class. Be prepared to justify your answer. • You are allow to search answers. • You will be limited to 20 seconds per question. Written Response #6-18 6. The water-hating hydrophobic tails of the phospholipid bilayer face the outside of the cell membrane. 7. The cytoplasm essentially acts as a “skeleton” inside the cell. 8. Plant cells have special structures that are not found in animal cells, including a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and plastids. 9. Centrioles help organize chromosomes before cell division. 10. Ribosomes can be found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Written Response #6-18 11. ATP is made in the mitochondria. 12. Many of the biochemical reactions of the cell occur in the cytoplasm. 13. Animal cells have chloroplasts, organelles that capture light energy from the sun and use it to make food. 14. Small hydrophobic molecules can easily pass through the plasma membrane. 15. In cell-level organization, cells are not specialized for different functions. Written Response #6-18 16. Mitochondria contains its own DNA. 17. The plasma membrane is a single phospholipid layer that supports and protects a cell and controls what enters and leaves it. 18. The cytoskeleton is made from thread-like filaments and tubules. 3.2 HW 1. Describe the composition of the plasma membrane. -
Questions in Cell Biology
Name: Questions in Cell Biology Directions: The following questions are taken from previous IB Final Papers on the subject of cell biology. Answer all questions. This will serve as a study guide for the next quiz on Monday 11/21. 1. Outline the process of endocytosis. (Total 5 marks) 2. Draw a labelled diagram of the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane. (Total 5 marks) 3. The drawing below shows the structure of a virus. II I 10 nm (a) Identify structures labelled I and II. I: ...................................................................................................................................... II: ...................................................................................................................................... (2) (b) Use the scale bar to calculate the maximum diameter of the virus. Show your working. Answer: ..................................................... (2) (c) Explain briefly why antibiotics are effective against bacteria but not viruses. ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. -
Centrioles and the Formation of Rudimentary Cilia by Fibroblasts and Smooth Muscle Cells
CENTRIOLES AND THE FORMATION OF RUDIMENTARY CILIA BY FIBROBLASTS AND SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS SERGEI SOROKIN, M.D. From the Department of Anatomy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts ABSTRACT Cells from a variety of sources, principally differentiating fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells from neonatal chicken and mammalian tissues and from organ cultures of chicken duodenum, were used as materials for an electron microscopic study on the formation of rudimentary cilia. Among the differentiating tissues many cells possessed a short, solitary cilium, which projected from one of the cell's pair of centrioles. Many stages evidently intermediate in the fashioning of cilium from centriole were encountered and furnished the evidence from which a reconstruction of ciliogenesis was attempted. The whole process may be divided into three phases. At first a solitary vesicle appears at one end of a centriole. The ciliary bud grows out from the same end of the centriole and invaginates the sac, which then becomes the temporary ciliary sheath. During the second phase the bud lengthens into a shaft, while the sheath enlarges to contain it. Enlargement of the sheath is effected by the repeated appearance of secondary vesicles nearby and their fusion with the sheath. Shaft and sheath reach the surface of the cell, where the sheath fuses with the plasma membrane during the third phase. Up to this point, formation of cilia follows the classical descriptions in outline. Subsequently, internal development of the shaft makes the rudi- mentary cilia of the investigated material more like certain non-motile centriolar derivatives than motile cilia. The pertinent literature is examined, and the cilia are tentatively assigned a non-motile status and a sensory function. -
Centrosome Positioning in Vertebrate Development
Commentary 4951 Centrosome positioning in vertebrate development Nan Tang1,2,*,` and Wallace F. Marshall2,` 1Department of Anatomy, Cardiovascular Research Institute, The University of California, San Francisco, USA 2Department Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of California, San Francisco, USA *Present address: National Institute of Biological Science, Beijing, China `Authors for correspondence ([email protected]; [email protected]) Journal of Cell Science 125, 4951–4961 ß 2012. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd doi: 10.1242/jcs.038083 Summary The centrosome, a major organizer of microtubules, has important functions in regulating cell shape, polarity, cilia formation and intracellular transport as well as the position of cellular structures, including the mitotic spindle. By means of these activities, centrosomes have important roles during animal development by regulating polarized cell behaviors, such as cell migration or neurite outgrowth, as well as mitotic spindle orientation. In recent years, the pace of discovery regarding the structure and composition of centrosomes has continuously accelerated. At the same time, functional studies have revealed the importance of centrosomes in controlling both morphogenesis and cell fate decision during tissue and organ development. Here, we review examples of centrosome and centriole positioning with a particular emphasis on vertebrate developmental systems, and discuss the roles of centrosome positioning, the cues that determine positioning and the mechanisms by which centrosomes respond to these cues. The studies reviewed here suggest that centrosome functions extend to the development of tissues and organs in vertebrates. Key words: Centrosome, Development, Mitotic spindle orientation Introduction radiating out to the cell cortex (Fig. 2A). In some cases, the The centrosome of animal cells (Fig. -
Science & Policy Meeting Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz Science in The
SUMMER 2014 ISSUE 27 encounters page 9 Science in the desert EMBO | EMBL Anniversary Science & Policy Meeting pageS 2 – 3 ANNIVERSARY TH page 8 Interview Jennifer E M B O 50 Lippincott-Schwartz H ©NI Membership expansion EMBO News New funding for senior postdoctoral In perspective Georgina Ferry’s enlarges its membership into evolution, researchers. EMBO Advanced Fellowships book tells the story of the growth and ecology and neurosciences on the offer an additional two years of financial expansion of EMBO since 1964. occasion of its 50th anniversary. support to former and current EMBO Fellows. PAGES 4 – 6 PAGE 11 PAGES 16 www.embo.org HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE EMBO|EMBL ANNIVERSARY SCIENCE AND POLICY MEETING transmissible cancer: the Tasmanian devil facial Science meets policy and politics tumour disease and the canine transmissible venereal tumour. After a ceremony to unveil the 2014 marks the 50th anniversary of EMBO, the 45th anniversary of the ScienceTree (see box), an oak tree planted in soil European Molecular Biology Conference (EMBC), the organization of obtained from countries throughout the European member states who fund EMBO, and the 40th anniversary of the European Union to symbolize the importance of European integration, representatives from the govern- Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL). EMBO, EMBC, and EMBL recently ments of France, Luxembourg, Malta, Spain combined their efforts to put together a joint event at the EMBL Advanced and Switzerland took part in a panel discussion Training Centre in Heidelberg, Germany, on 2 and 3 July 2014. The moderated by Marja Makarow, Vice President for Research of the Academy of Finland. -
Wellcome Investigators March 2011
Wellcome Trust Investigator Awards Feedback from Expert Review Group members 28 March 2011 1 Roughly 7 months between application and final outcome The Expert Review Groups 1. Cell and Developmental Biology 2. Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience (Zaf Bashir) 3. Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health 4. Genetics, Genomics and Population Research (George Davey Smith) 5. Immune Systems in Health and Disease (David Wraith) 6. Molecular Basis of Cell Function 7. Pathogen Biology and Disease Transmission 8. Physiology in Health and Disease (Paul Martin) 9. Population and Public Health (Rona Campbell) 2 Summary Feedback from ERG Panels • The bar is very high across all nine panels • Track record led - CV must demonstrate a substantial impact of your research (e.g. high impact journals, record of ground breaking research, clear upward trajectory etc) To paraphrase Walport ‘to support scientists with the best track records, obviously appropriate to the stage in their career’ • Notable esteem factors (but note ‘several FRSs were not shortlisted’) • Your novelty of your research vision is CRUCIAL. Don’t just carry on doing more of the same • The Trust is not averse to risk (but what about ERG panel members?) • Success rate for short-listing for interview is ~15-25% at Senior Investigator level (3-5 proposals shortlisted from each ERG) • Fewer New Investigator than Senior Investigator applications – an opportunity? • There are fewer applications overall for the second round, but ‘the bar will not be lowered’ The Challenge UoB has roughly 45 existing -
The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology Annual Report
Front cover illustration Comparison of joint FRET efficiency and fluorescence lifetime histograms for closed SecYEG:SecA:ADP (left) and translocating complex in the presence of proSpy1 substrate and ATP (right). Top and right sides of each histogram show distribution of lifetimes and FRET efficiencies, respectively. This investigation was a collaboration between Roman Tuma, Joel Crossley, Matthew Watson, Sheena Radford (University of Leeds), and Ian Collinson, Dan Watkins (University of Bristol) and Tomas Fessl (University of South Bohemia).More details can be found on pg 93 of this report. i Mission Statement The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology will promote interdisciplinary research of the highest standard on the structure and function of biological molecules, biomolecular assemblies and complexes using physico-chemical, molecular biological and computational approaches. ii Introduction Welcome to the Annual Report of the Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology 2018. I hope you enjoy reading its contents. It has been yet another busy and successful year for the Centre. The reports in the pages that follow highlight just some of our scientific successes of the last year of our members. We are proud of the strength of our community and our collaborations both locally within the Astbury Centre and University as well as with colleagues from across the globe. I would like to thank every member of the Centre for their hard work over the year: our Support staff, Technicians, Facility Managers, Students, Post-docs, Fellows and Academic staff and, of course, Lucy Gray for her excellent organisation and administrative support. Thank you all. During 2018 the Astbury Centre continued in its mission to “Understand Life in Molecular Detail” through multiple different activities, including some exciting research discoveries. -
Smutty Alchemy
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2021-01-18 Smutty Alchemy Smith, Mallory E. Land Smith, M. E. L. (2021). Smutty Alchemy (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. http://hdl.handle.net/1880/113019 doctoral thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Smutty Alchemy by Mallory E. Land Smith A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE PROGRAM IN ENGLISH CALGARY, ALBERTA JANUARY, 2021 © Mallory E. Land Smith 2021 MELS ii Abstract Sina Queyras, in the essay “Lyric Conceptualism: A Manifesto in Progress,” describes the Lyric Conceptualist as a poet capable of recognizing the effects of disparate movements and employing a variety of lyric, conceptual, and language poetry techniques to continue to innovate in poetry without dismissing the work of other schools of poetic thought. Queyras sees the lyric conceptualist as an artistic curator who collects, modifies, selects, synthesizes, and adapts, to create verse that is both conceptual and accessible, using relevant materials and techniques from the past and present. This dissertation responds to Queyras’s idea with a collection of original poems in the lyric conceptualist mode, supported by a critical exegesis of that work. -
Pnas11052ackreviewers 5098..5136
Acknowledgment of Reviewers, 2013 The PNAS editors would like to thank all the individuals who dedicated their considerable time and expertise to the journal by serving as reviewers in 2013. Their generous contribution is deeply appreciated. A Harald Ade Takaaki Akaike Heather Allen Ariel Amir Scott Aaronson Karen Adelman Katerina Akassoglou Icarus Allen Ido Amit Stuart Aaronson Zach Adelman Arne Akbar John Allen Angelika Amon Adam Abate Pia Adelroth Erol Akcay Karen Allen Hubert Amrein Abul Abbas David Adelson Mark Akeson Lisa Allen Serge Amselem Tarek Abbas Alan Aderem Anna Akhmanova Nicola Allen Derk Amsen Jonathan Abbatt Neil Adger Shizuo Akira Paul Allen Esther Amstad Shahal Abbo Noam Adir Ramesh Akkina Philip Allen I. Jonathan Amster Patrick Abbot Jess Adkins Klaus Aktories Toby Allen Ronald Amundson Albert Abbott Elizabeth Adkins-Regan Muhammad Alam James Allison Katrin Amunts Geoff Abbott Roee Admon Eric Alani Mead Allison Myron Amusia Larry Abbott Walter Adriani Pietro Alano Isabel Allona Gynheung An Nicholas Abbott Ruedi Aebersold Cedric Alaux Robin Allshire Zhiqiang An Rasha Abdel Rahman Ueli Aebi Maher Alayyoubi Abigail Allwood Ranjit Anand Zalfa Abdel-Malek Martin Aeschlimann Richard Alba Julian Allwood Beau Ances Minori Abe Ruslan Afasizhev Salim Al-Babili Eric Alm David Andelman Kathryn Abel Markus Affolter Salvatore Albani Benjamin Alman John Anderies Asa Abeliovich Dritan Agalliu Silas Alben Steven Almo Gregor Anderluh John Aber David Agard Mark Alber Douglas Almond Bogi Andersen Geoff Abers Aneel Aggarwal Reka Albert Genevieve Almouzni George Andersen Rohan Abeyaratne Anurag Agrawal R. Craig Albertson Noga Alon Gregers Andersen Susan Abmayr Arun Agrawal Roy Alcalay Uri Alon Ken Andersen Ehab Abouheif Paul Agris Antonio Alcami Claudio Alonso Olaf Andersen Soman Abraham H. -
Women Physiologists
Women physiologists: Centenary celebrations and beyond physiologists: celebrations Centenary Women Hodgkin Huxley House 30 Farringdon Lane London EC1R 3AW T +44 (0)20 7269 5718 www.physoc.org • journals.physoc.org Women physiologists: Centenary celebrations and beyond Edited by Susan Wray and Tilli Tansey Forewords by Dame Julia Higgins DBE FRS FREng and Baroness Susan Greenfield CBE HonFRCP Published in 2015 by The Physiological Society At Hodgkin Huxley House, 30 Farringdon Lane, London EC1R 3AW Copyright © 2015 The Physiological Society Foreword copyright © 2015 by Dame Julia Higgins Foreword copyright © 2015 by Baroness Susan Greenfield All rights reserved ISBN 978-0-9933410-0-7 Contents Foreword 6 Centenary celebrations Women in physiology: Centenary celebrations and beyond 8 The landscape for women 25 years on 12 "To dine with ladies smelling of dog"? A brief history of women and The Physiological Society 16 Obituaries Alison Brading (1939-2011) 34 Gertrude Falk (1925-2008) 37 Marianne Fillenz (1924-2012) 39 Olga Hudlická (1926-2014) 42 Shelagh Morrissey (1916-1990) 46 Anne Warner (1940–2012) 48 Maureen Young (1915-2013) 51 Women physiologists Frances Mary Ashcroft 56 Heidi de Wet 58 Susan D Brain 60 Aisah A Aubdool 62 Andrea H. Brand 64 Irene Miguel-Aliaga 66 Barbara Casadei 68 Svetlana Reilly 70 Shamshad Cockcroft 72 Kathryn Garner 74 Dame Kay Davies 76 Lisa Heather 78 Annette Dolphin 80 Claudia Bauer 82 Kim Dora 84 Pooneh Bagher 86 Maria Fitzgerald 88 Stephanie Koch 90 Abigail L. Fowden 92 Amanda Sferruzzi-Perri 94 Christine Holt 96 Paloma T. Gonzalez-Bellido 98 Anne King 100 Ilona Obara 102 Bridget Lumb 104 Emma C Hart 106 Margaret (Mandy) R MacLean 108 Kirsty Mair 110 Eleanor A.