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4 February 2005 Vol. 307 No. 5710 Pages 629–796 $10 07%.'+%#%+& 2416'+0(70%6+10 37#06+6#6+8' 51(69#4' #/2.+(+%#6+10 %'..$+1.1); %.10+0) /+%41#44#;5 #0#.;5+5 #0#.;5+5 2%4 51.76+105 Finish first with a superior species. 50% faster real-time results with FullVelocity™ QPCR Kits! Our FullVelocity™ master mixes use a novel enzyme species to deliver Superior Performance vs. Taq -Based Reagents FullVelocity™ Taq -Based real-time results faster than conventional reagents. With a simple change Reagent Kits Reagent Kits Enzyme species High-speed Thermus to the thermal profile on your existing real-time PCR system, the archaeal Fast time to results FullVelocity technology provides you high-speed amplification without Enzyme thermostability dUTP incorporation requiring any special equipment or re-optimization. SYBR® Green tolerance Price per reaction $$$ • Fast, economical • Efficient, specific and • Probe and SYBR® results sensitive Green chemistries Need More Information? Give Us A Call: Ask Us About These Great Products: Stratagene USA and Canada Stratagene Europe FullVelocity™ QPCR Master Mix* 600561 Order: (800) 424-5444 x3 Order: 00800-7000-7000 FullVelocity™ QRT-PCR Master Mix* 600562 Technical Services: (800) 894-1304 Technical Services: 00800-7400-7400 FullVelocity™ SYBR® Green QPCR Master Mix 600581 FullVelocity™ SYBR® Green QRT-PCR Master Mix 600582 Stratagene Japan K.K. *U.S. Patent Nos. 6,528,254, 6,548,250, and patents pending. Order: 03-5159-2060 Purchase of these products is accompanied by a license to use them in the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Technical Services: 03-5159-2070 process in conjunction with a thermal cycler whose use in the automated performance of the PCR process is YYYUVTCVCIGPGEQO covered by the up-front license fee, either by payment to Applied Biosystems or as purchased, i.e., an authorized thermal cycler. Use of labeling reagents may require licenses from entities other than Stratagene. SYBR is a registered trademark of Molecular Probes. Taqman is a registered trademark of Roche Molecular Systems, Inc. GE01-05 Part of GE Healthcare Biotrak immunoassays – the fast track to disease understanding Cancer, heart disease, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, liver disease, kidney disease, inflammatory bowel disease and bowel cancer, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis and wound healing. All covered. Biotrak™ Assays from GE Healthcare are the widest available range of fully validated immunoassay kits. They give you the power to track key processes for many disease states, and assure fast, reproducible results you can rely on. To meet your needs even better, we are expanding the range; the latest Biotrak innovations include new easy-to-use ELISA kits for cancer research. These deliver significant time savings thanks to a protocol with few steps, while maintaining high sensitivity. Discover how Biotrak can power your disease research. And be sure to check back regularly for the latest developments. Visit www.amershambiosciences.com/biotrak © 2004 General Electric Company - All rights reserved. Amersham Biosciences UK Ltd, a General Electric company, going to market as GE Healthcare. OVER Meandering, rain-swollen wadis combine to form branching networks across C Volume 307 the arid landscape of southeastern Jordan. This false-color scene was acquired in May 2001 by the ASTER instrument onboard NASA’s Terra satellite. The Gordon Research 4 February 2005 Conference on Visualization in Science and Education will be held 3 to 8 July 2005 at Number 5710 Queen’s College, Oxford, UK. The schedules for the 2005 Gordon Research Conferences begin on page 746. [Image: NASA and USGS] DEPARTMENTS 665 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 639 SCIENCE ONLINE The Unexpected Brains Behind Blood Vessel Growth 641 THIS WEEK IN SCIENCE 668 U.K. UNIVERSITIES 645 EDITORIAL by Patrick Bateson Desirable Scientific Conduct ‘Darwinian’ Funding and the Demise of Physics and Chemistry 646 EDITORS’CHOICE 650 CONTACT SCIENCE 670 RANDOM SAMPLES 651 NETWATCH 745 NEW PRODUCTS LETTERS 746 GORDON RESEARCH CONFERENCES 673 Evolution Versus Invention D. Premack and A. Premack. 770 SCIENCE CAREERS Elephants, Ecology, and Nonequilibrium? C. Hambler et al.;A.W. Illius. Response L. Gillson et al. National Environmental Policy Act at 35 D. A. Bronstein et al. NEWS OF THE WEEK 660 652 BIOMEDICINE BOOKS ET AL. Move Provokes Bruising Fight Over 676 EVOLUTION U.K. Biomedical Institute The Ancestor’s Tale A Pilgrimage to the Dawn of Life; 653 SPACE SCIENCE The Ancestor’s Tale A Pilgrimage to the Dawn of NASA Probe to Examine Edge of Solar System Evolution R. Dawkins, reviewed by C. F. Delwiche 653 AIDS TREATMENT A Step Toward Cheaper Anti-HIV Therapy 677 EVOLUTION Assembling the Tree of Life 655 QUANTUM COMPUTING J. Cracraft and M. J. Donoghue, Eds., reviewed by Safer Coin Tosses Point to Better Way for S. J. Steppan Enemies to Swap Messages 678 Browsings 655 SCIENCESCOPE 656 MICROBIOLOGY ESSAY Immortality Dies As Bacteria Show Their Age 679 GLOBAL VOICES OF SCIENCE It Takes a Village: Medical Research 656 U.K. UNIVERSITIES and Ethics in Mali Cash-Short Schools Aim to Raise Fees, 676 O. K. Doumbo Recruit Foreign Students 657 SOUTH ASIA TSUNAMI PERSPECTIVES Powerful Tsunami’s Impact on Coral Reefs 682 OCEAN SCIENCE Was Hit and Miss The Ocean’s Seismic Hum S. Kedar and F. H. Webb 659 TAIWAN University Spending Plan 683 GENETICS Triggers Heated Debate A Century of Corn Selection W. G. Hill 659 UNITED KINGDOM Proposed Law Targets 684 ECOLOGY Animal-Rights Activists Untangling an Entangled Bank D. Storch, P. A. Marquet, K. J. Gaston NEWS FOCUS 686 ASTRONOMY 660 CELL BIOLOGY At the Heart of the Milky Way Asia Jockeys for Stem Cell Lead T. J. W. Lazio and T. N. LaRosa U.S. States Offer Asia Stiff 679 Competition 687 SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION Asian Countries Permit Research, Signaling Specificity in Yeast With Safeguards E. A. Elion, M. Qi, W. Chen Contents continued www.sciencemag.org SCIENCE VOL 307 4 FEBRUARY 2005 633 Integrated Solutions — Gene Expression Analysis Real-time, multiplex PCR can be so simple —hit all targets in one tube! Up to 4plex PCR Detection of t(8;14) translocation sequenceinduplex PCR using the QuantiTect Multiplex PCR Kit Detection of CSBG sequencein triplex PCR using the QuantiTect Multiplex PCR NoROX Kit Success in quantitative, real-time, multiplex PCR at the first attempt! Get accurate results in quantitative, real-time, multiplex PCR of cDNA and genomic DNA targets without optimizing reaction and cycling conditions! Using the QuantiTect® Multiplex PCR Kit (with ROX dye) or the new QuantiTect Multiplex PCR NoROX Kit (without ROX dye), you canperform sensitive 2plex, 3plex,or 4plex PCR on appropriate real-time cyclers. Benefits of QuantiTect Multiplex PCR Kits: I Nooptimization required — reagents and protocols arepre-optimized I High sensitivity —detection of as few as 10 copies of each target sequence I Reliable quantification — target and reference genes are quantified in the same well or tube I Easy handling — ready-to-usemaster mix for use with a wide range of real-time cyclers Visit www.qiagen.com/goto/qmpcr for simple real-time multiplex PCR! Trademarks: QIAGEN®, QuantiTect® (QIAGEN Group). PurchaseofQIAGEN products for PCR containing HotStarTaq DNA Polymeraseis accompanied by a limited license to use them in the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)process for research and development activities in conjunction with a thermal cycler whose usein the automated performanceof the PCR process is covered by the up-front license fee, either by payment to Applied Biosystems or as purchased, i.e. an authorized thermal cycler. The PCR process is covered by U.S. Patents 4,683,195 and 4,683,202 and foreign equivalents owned by Hoffmann-La Roche AG. The 5' nucleaseprocess is covered by patents owned by Roche Molecular Systems, Inc. and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Patents of thirdparties in certain countries may cover the process of multiplex PCR or of certain applications. GEXQTM1104S1WW 11/2004© 2004 QIAGEN, all rights reserved. WWW. QIAGEN. COM www.sciencedigital.org/subscribe For just US$130, you can join AAAS TODAY and start receiving Science Digital Edition immediately! www.sciencedigital.org/subscribe For just US$130, you can join AAAS TODAY and start receiving Science Digital Edition immediately! SCIENCE EXPRESS www.sciencexpress.org CHEMISTRY: Laser-Initiated Shuttling of a Water Molecule Between H-Bonding Sites J. R. Clarkson, E. Baquero, V. A. Shubert, E. M. Myshakin, K. D. Jordan, T. S. Zwier Light energy is used to move a single water molecule between two different binding sites on a single solute molecule, allowing detailed measurement of the binding energies. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: RNA Polymerase IV Directs Silencing of Endogenous DNA A. J. Herr, M. B. Jensen, T. Dalmay, D. C. Baulcombe A newly described polymerase found only in plants is required for small RNAs to silence transgenes and a retroelement in Arabidopsis. CELL BIOLOGY: Chaperone Activity of Protein O-Fucosyltransferase 1 Promotes Notch Receptor Folding T. Okajima, A. Xu, L. Lei, K. D. Irvine An enzyme thought to add glucose groups to a key receptor protein as it travels to the membrane unexpectedly also acts as a chaperone to ensure correct folding of the receptor. NEUROSCIENCE: Insect Sex-Pheromone Signals Mediated by Specific Combinations of Olfactory Receptors T. Nakagawa, T. Sakurai, T. Nishioka, K. Touhara Receptors for insect pheromones rely on coexpression of an olfactory receptor for proper membrane insertion and for pheromone-triggered current flow. TECHNICAL COMMENT ABSTRACTS 675 PHYSIOLOGY Comment on “Long-Lived Drosophila with Overexpressed dFOXO in Adult Fat Body” M. Tatar full text at www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/307/5710/675a Response to Comment on “Long-Lived Drosophila with Overexpressed dFOXO in Adult Fat Body” M. E. Giannakou, M. Goss, M. A. Jünger, E. Hafen, S. J. Leevers, L. Partridge full text at www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/307/5710/675b BREVIA 689 MICROBIOLOGY: Simple Foraminifera Flourish at the Ocean’s Deepest Point Y.
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