Cormack, Wade

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Cormack, Wade UHI Thesis - pdf download summary Sport and Physical Education in the Northern Mainland Burghs of Scotland c. 1600-1800 Cormack, Wade DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (AWARDED BY OU/ABERDEEN) Award date: 2016 Awarding institution: The University of Edinburgh Link URL to thesis in UHI Research Database General rights and useage policy Copyright,IP and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the UHI Research Database are retained by the author, users must recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement, or without prior permission from the author. Users may download and print one copy of any thesis from the UHI Research Database for the not-for-profit purpose of private study or research on the condition that: 1) The full text is not changed in any way 2) If citing, a bibliographic link is made to the metadata record on the the UHI Research Database 3) You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain 4) You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the UHI Research Database Take down policy If you believe that any data within this document represents a breach of copyright, confidence or data protection please contact us at [email protected] providing details; we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 02. Oct. 2021 Sport and Physical Education in the Northern Mainland Burghs of Scotland c. 1600-1800 A thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Aberdeen Wade Cormack MA History University of Guelph, Guelph Canada BAS (Hons) University of Guelph, Guelph Canada Year of Presentation 2016 ii Declaration I, Wade Cormack confirm that I composed this thesis, that it has not been accepted in any previous application for a degree, that the work is my own, and all quotations have been distinguished by quotation marks, and the sources of information specifically acknowledged. Signed: ……………………………………………….. Date: ……………………………… iii Table of Contents Sport and Physical Education in the Northern Mainland Burghs of Scotland c. 1600-1800 ..... i Abstract .............................................................................................................................. v Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................... vi List of Figures ................................................................................................................... ix Chapter 1: Introduction ........................................................................................................ 11 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 11 Northern Scotland ............................................................................................................ 16 Early Modern Sport ......................................................................................................... 21 Physical Education ........................................................................................................... 27 Methodology and Project overview ................................................................................. 30 Figures ............................................................................................................................. 36 Chapter 2: Elite and Intellectual Discourses of Sport and Physical Education in Northern Scotland ............................................................................................................................... 39 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 39 Education and Societal Development .............................................................................. 39 Exercise for Education ..................................................................................................... 51 Exercise and Health: Body and Mind .............................................................................. 61 Conclusion ....................................................................................................................... 69 Chapter 3: Physical Education at Educational Institutions in Northern Scottish Burghs .... 73 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 73 Language and Physical Education ................................................................................... 77 Behaviour ......................................................................................................................... 82 Time ................................................................................................................................. 88 Space ................................................................................................................................ 95 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................... 101 Figures ........................................................................................................................... 103 Chapter 4: Elite and Organised Sport ................................................................................ 107 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 107 Elite Sport, 1600-1750 ................................................................................................... 108 Sport Clubs and Societies, 1750-1800 ........................................................................... 123 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................... 140 Figures ........................................................................................................................... 142 Chapter 5: Popular and Festive Sport ................................................................................ 147 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 147 Time ............................................................................................................................... 148 Space .............................................................................................................................. 154 iv Physical Culture ............................................................................................................. 158 Jacobitism, Rationalism and Popular Sport? ................................................................. 170 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................... 177 Figures ........................................................................................................................... 179 Chapter 6: Popular Sport and Social Control ..................................................................... 181 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 181 Governing National Sport .............................................................................................. 183 Controlling Sport as a Commercial Trade ..................................................................... 188 Where to Play ................................................................................................................. 192 When To Play ................................................................................................................ 199 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................... 207 Figures ........................................................................................................................... 209 Chapter 7: Conclusion ....................................................................................................... 211 Glossary ............................................................................................................................. 223 Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 229 Primary Sources ................................................................................................................. 229 Archives ......................................................................................................................... 229 Online resources ............................................................................................................ 230 Published Primary Sources ............................................................................................ 231 Edited Collections .......................................................................................................... 233 Secondary Sources ............................................................................................................. 237 Articles ..........................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • A Performance Overview of Sport in Scotland
    A performance overview of sport in Scotland Prepared for the Auditor General for Scotland April 2008 Auditor General for Scotland The Auditor General for Scotland is the Parliament’s watchdog for ensuring propriety and value for money in the spending of public funds. He is responsible for investigating whether public spending bodies achieve the best possible value for money and adhere to the highest standards of financial management. He is independent and not subject to the control of any member of the Scottish Government or the Parliament. The Auditor General is responsible for securing the audit of the Scottish Government and most other public sector bodies except local authorities and fire and police boards. The following bodies fall within the remit of the Auditor General: • directorates of the Scottish Government • government agencies, eg the Prison Service, Historic Scotland • NHS bodies • further education colleges • Scottish Water • NDPBs and others, eg Scottish Enterprise. Acknowledgements: Audit Scotland prepared this report for the Auditor General for Scotland. This study was managed by Irene Coll and supported by Rebecca Seidel and Gareth Dixon, under the general direction of Barbara Hurst, Director of Public Reporting (Health and Central Government), Angela Cullen, Assistant Director of Public Reporting (Central Government) and Bob Leishman, Portfolio Manager (Tourism, Culture and Sport). We have had the generous support of the Scottish Government and sportscotland. In addition we would like to thank the following organisations for providing valuable information and insight: Cricket Scotland, Event Scotland, Forestry Commission, Royal Caledonian Curling Club, Scottish Association of Local Sports Councils, Scottish Athletics, Scottish Hockey Union, Scottish Sports Association, Scottish Rugby Union, Scottish Universities Sport and the Sports and Recreational Trusts Association (SPoRTA) Scotland.
    [Show full text]
  • The Independent Voice of Sports in Scotland
    The independent voice of sports in Scotland Caledonia House, South Gyle Edinburgh EH12 9DQ t: 0131 339 8785 e: [email protected] www.scottishsportsassociation.org.uk Archery Horse riding PARTNERSHIP Boxing TOPICAL Swimming ADVOCATE Canoe INFORM Orienteering KNOWLEDGE The independent voice Tennis Angling ACTIVITY SOCIAL MOVEMENT of sports in Scotland Sub Aqua PROMOTE REPRESENT Pentathlon Target Shooting Caledonia House, South Gyle Basketball VOTE FOR SPORT Edinburgh EH12 9DQ Triathlon Camanachd Golf t: 0131 339 8785 SPORT Waterski Gymnastics SHARE e: [email protected] Football CAMPAIGNS Karate Archery VISION www.scottishsportsassociation.org.uk Aeromodelling PHYSICAL ACTIVITY Yachting Wrestling Judo SUPPORT CONSULT SCOTTISH SPORTS ALLIANCE Cricket Handball Cycling Curling Rugby OPPORTUNITY Darts DIRECTION Snowsport Highland Dancing Lacrosse Rugby Union Ju Jitsu MEMBERS Netball Fencing Archery 2014 COMMONWEALTH GAMES Horse riding Croquet Squash and Racketball Badminton SCOTLANDS SPORTING CHANCE PARTNERSHIP Auto Cycle Mountaineering INFLUENCE Volleyball Athletics Bowls Rowing NETWORK Pool Table Tennis k no o wl p ed p The independent voice ge o s r ha tu of sports in Scotland r n e i c ty o n c s a u m l p t a i Scottish Sports Allianc g e n n s et wo t rk o p rm spo ic nfo rt Sc a i otla nd l s S po rti ng C 014 Common h 2 wea a rt lt nc h e po Ga p m su es Caledonia House, South Gyle Edinburgh EH12 9DQ t: 0131 339 8785 e: [email protected] www.scottishsportsassociation.org.uk k no o wl p ed p The independent voice ge o s r ha
    [Show full text]
  • Sutherland Local Plan: Housing Feedback Comments
    SUTHERLAND LOCAL PLAN: HOUSING FEEDBACK COMMENTS Housing For example: In light of the likely need for housing in your community are there any particular sites you would like to see developed? Do you have a view on the level of need and type of affordable housing required? Can crofting land contribute to meeting the demand for housing? General • There is plenty of land for development locally if permission was to be GIVEN! • Yes, you need to see to it that land is made available for house building and small farming. The rest would follow by natural investment and economic development. • Much of the new housing is haphazard; spoiling the beautiful rural areas of the country. Unattractive modern boxes. Need for housing for key workers, perhaps subsidised and only allowed to be sold to other key workers, not above the rate of inflation, definitely not to the retired or as second homes. • I cannot understand why permission is granted to build new houses when so many houses ripe for renovation are allowed to deteriorate until they are beyond redemption. • Develop only where there is public waste drainage. It is environmentally unsound to build more and more new houses in crofting areas. Invest in environmentally friendly septic tank solution i.e. enforce the creation of reed beds etc. to clear waste. • New house building to be allowed after planning consent for main house to automatically be allowed to expand for future children i.e. new wing or zone, larger housing in ground. Owners then do not have to have children move away and still allow for offspring independence with open market (see natural and cultural heritage.) • No – business brings work.
    [Show full text]
  • LBJ in Rights Plea in Deep South Tour
    DISTRIBUTION 7 un. temperature <t. Fair TODAY Mhy» toalght and tomorrow. BEDBANK High today and tomorrow 75 to 23,750 m. Urn tooijht in the Mi. Sun- day, partly cloudy and warm. See" weather, page 2. DIAL 741-0010 VOL.86 NO 223 VavnA *"Ujr. M°tt4»7 thraifh Friday. Second Clm Po»t»ct 7c PER COPY PAGE ONE 'V1* ""i ""• •iia paid at fted Bank «nd»t Additional Mailing Ofllcei. RED BANK, N. J., FRIDAY, MAY 8, 1964 LBJ in Rights Plea In Deep South Tour By FRANK CORMER ATLANTA, Ga. (AP)—Presi- ient Johnson, touring the Deep Jouth, called today for "justice imong the races." And he sug- ;ested that much of the South SEARS PROJECTS — This is architect's conception of the two new Sears 'Roebuck'and Co. stores being built in ill find racial peace "before he end of racial strife in the Middle+own and Neptune. Construction and layout in botfi stores will be identical. Each will have grow floor :ities of the North." area of 115,000 square feet, housing 50 departments. When completed, the stores will replace operations in Johnson made his dramatic Red Bank and Asbury Park. See story and other photo's on today's Section Page. ippeal for the civil rights cause in an address prepared for a breakfast meeting with mem- bers of the Georgia Legislature. His remarks, canvassing what he termed the "many troubles" >f the South, were certain to be regarded as unusually signifi :ant. Ta^Law Issue Remains Six-State Tour sets a 20 per cent floor on Winding up a six-state tour of TRENTON, (AP) - New Jer-original position that the in- Charles W.
    [Show full text]
  • Highland Heritage Archaeological Consultancy
    Highland Heritage Archaeological Consultancy Professional Archaeological & Heritage Advice Toad Hall Studios Desk-based Assessment & Evaluation Bhlaraidh House Field Survey & Watching Briefs Glenmoriston Database & GIS design Inverness-shire IV63 7YH Archaeological Survey & Photographic Recording at Fearn Free Church, Planning Application SU-08-412 Highland Council Archaeology Unit brief 31 October 2008, Aspire Project UID HH 2009/01 for Mr Stuart Sinclair c/o Reynolds Architecture ltd 1 Tulloch Street Dingwall Highland Heritage is run by Dr Harry Robinson BA MA PhD MIFA FSA Scot. Tel: 01320 351272 email [email protected] Standard Building Survey at Fearn Free Church, Fearn, prior to alteration and change of use of church to form family house with annex Planning Application SU-08-412 as detailed in a brief by Highland Council Archaeology Unit (HCAU) 31 October 2008, Aspire Project UID HH 2009/01 Dr Harry Robinson MIFA, Highland Heritage Archaeological Consultants Contents Summary and recommendations preface Background 1 Location map of development site 2 Site plan 3 Site location 4 Objectives of the survey Desk-based Assessment The architect John Pond Macdonald 5 Biographical details from The Dictionary of Scottish Architects DSA DSA Building Report for Fearn Free Church and Manse 6 Chronological Gazetteer of church buildings by John Pond Macdonald 7 Gazetteer Bibliography 8 Photographs C1-C5 - other churches by John Pond Macdonald 8a Cartographic evidence 8 map 4 - OS 1872 1:2,500 map 9 map 5 - OS 1904 1:2,500 map The Building Survey
    [Show full text]
  • The Arms of the Scottish Bishoprics
    UC-NRLF B 2 7=13 fi57 BERKELEY LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORN'A \o Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2008 with funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/armsofscottishbiOOIyonrich /be R K E L E Y LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORN'A h THE ARMS OF THE SCOTTISH BISHOPRICS. THE ARMS OF THE SCOTTISH BISHOPRICS BY Rev. W. T. LYON. M.A.. F.S.A. (Scot] WITH A FOREWORD BY The Most Revd. W. J. F. ROBBERDS, D.D.. Bishop of Brechin, and Primus of the Episcopal Church in Scotland. ILLUSTRATED BY A. C. CROLL MURRAY. Selkirk : The Scottish Chronicle" Offices. 1917. Co — V. PREFACE. The following chapters appeared in the pages of " The Scottish Chronicle " in 1915 and 1916, and it is owing to the courtesy of the Proprietor and Editor that they are now republished in book form. Their original publication in the pages of a Church newspaper will explain something of the lines on which the book is fashioned. The articles were written to explain and to describe the origin and de\elopment of the Armorial Bearings of the ancient Dioceses of Scotland. These Coats of arms are, and have been more or less con- tinuously, used by the Scottish Episcopal Church since they came into use in the middle of the 17th century, though whether the disestablished Church has a right to their use or not is a vexed question. Fox-Davies holds that the Church of Ireland and the Episcopal Chuich in Scotland lost their diocesan Coats of Arms on disestablishment, and that the Welsh Church will suffer the same loss when the Disestablishment Act comes into operation ( Public Arms).
    [Show full text]
  • A Memorial Volume of St. Andrews University In
    DUPLICATE FROM THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, ST. ANDREWS, SCOTLAND. GIFT OF VOTIVA TABELLA H H H The Coats of Arms belong respectively to Alexander Stewart, natural son James Kennedy, Bishop of St of James IV, Archbishop of St Andrews 1440-1465, founder Andrews 1509-1513, and John Hepburn, Prior of St Andrews of St Salvator's College 1482-1522, cofounders of 1450 St Leonard's College 1512 The University- James Beaton, Archbishop of St Sir George Washington Andrews 1 522-1 539, who com- Baxter, menced the foundation of St grand-nephew and representative Mary's College 1537; Cardinal of Miss Mary Ann Baxter of David Beaton, Archbishop 1539- Balgavies, who founded 1546, who continued his brother's work, and John Hamilton, Arch- University College bishop 1 546-1 57 1, who com- Dundee in pleted the foundation 1880 1553 VOTIVA TABELLA A MEMORIAL VOLUME OF ST ANDREWS UNIVERSITY IN CONNECTION WITH ITS QUINCENTENARY FESTIVAL MDCCCCXI MCCCCXI iLVal Quo fit ut omnis Votiva pateat veluti descripta tabella Vita senis Horace PRINTED FOR THE UNIVERSITY BY ROBERT MACLEHOSE AND COMPANY LIMITED MCMXI GIF [ Presented by the University PREFACE This volume is intended primarily as a book of information about St Andrews University, to be placed in the hands of the distinguished guests who are coming from many lands to take part in our Quincentenary festival. It is accordingly in the main historical. In Part I the story is told of the beginning of the University and of its Colleges. Here it will be seen that the University was the work in the first instance of Churchmen unselfishly devoted to the improvement of their country, and manifesting by their acts that deep interest in education which long, before John Knox was born, lay in the heart of Scotland.
    [Show full text]
  • Dornochyou Can Do It All from Here
    DornochYou can do it all from here The Highlands in miniature only 2 miles off the NC500 & one hour from Inverness Visit Dornoch, an historic Royal Burgh with a 13th century Cathedral, Castle, Jail & Courthouse in golden sandstone, all nestled round the green and Square where we hold summer markets and the pipe band plays on Saturday evenings. Things to do Historylinks Museum Historylinks Trail Discover 7,000 years of Explore the town through 16 Dornoch’s turbulent past in heritage sites with display our Visit Scotland 5 star panels. Pick up a leaflet and rated museum. map at the museum. Royal Dornoch Golf Club Dornoch Cathedral Golf has been played here for Gilbert de Moravia began over 400 years. building the Cathedral in 1224. The championship course is Following clan feuds it fell into rated #1 in Scotland and #4 in disrepair and was substantially the World by Golf Digest. restored in the 1800s. Aspen Spa Experience Dornoch & Embo Beaches Take some time out and relax Enjoy miles of unspoilt with a luxury spa, beauty beaches - ideal for making treatment or specialist golf sandcastles with the children massage. Gifts, beauty and spa or just walking the dog. products available in the shop. Events Calendar 2019 Car Boot Sales Community Markets The last Saturday of the month The 2nd Wednesday of the February, April, June, August month May to September, also & October fourth Wednesday June, July Dornoch Social Club & August. Cathedral Green 9:30 am - 12:30 pm 9:30 am - 1 pm Fibre Fest 8 - 10- March Dornoch Pipe Band Master classes, learning Parade on most Saturday techniques and drop in evenings from the 25th May to sessions.
    [Show full text]
  • Place-Names of Inverness and Surrounding Area Ainmean-Àite Ann an Sgìre Prìomh Bhaile Na Gàidhealtachd
    Place-Names of Inverness and Surrounding Area Ainmean-àite ann an sgìre prìomh bhaile na Gàidhealtachd Roddy Maclean Place-Names of Inverness and Surrounding Area Ainmean-àite ann an sgìre prìomh bhaile na Gàidhealtachd Roddy Maclean Author: Roddy Maclean Photography: all images ©Roddy Maclean except cover photo ©Lorne Gill/NatureScot; p3 & p4 ©Somhairle MacDonald; p21 ©Calum Maclean. Maps: all maps reproduced with the permission of the National Library of Scotland https://maps.nls.uk/ except back cover and inside back cover © Ashworth Maps and Interpretation Ltd 2021. Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2021. Design and Layout: Big Apple Graphics Ltd. Print: J Thomson Colour Printers Ltd. © Roddy Maclean 2021. All rights reserved Gu Aonghas Seumas Moireasdan, le gràdh is gean The place-names highlighted in this book can be viewed on an interactive online map - https://tinyurl.com/ybp6fjco Many thanks to Audrey and Tom Daines for creating it. This book is free but we encourage you to give a donation to the conservation charity Trees for Life towards the development of Gaelic interpretation at their new Dundreggan Rewilding Centre. Please visit the JustGiving page: www.justgiving.com/trees-for-life ISBN 978-1-78391-957-4 Published by NatureScot www.nature.scot Tel: 01738 444177 Cover photograph: The mouth of the River Ness – which [email protected] gives the city its name – as seen from the air. Beyond are www.nature.scot Muirtown Basin, Craig Phadrig and the lands of the Aird. Central Inverness from the air, looking towards the Beauly Firth. Above the Ness Islands, looking south down the Great Glen.
    [Show full text]
  • The Lochaber Royal National Mòd 2017
    Agenda Item 5(b) Report RES/53b/17 No HIGHLAND COUNCIL Committee: Corporate Resources Committee Date: November 17th 2017 Report Title: The Lochaber Royal National Mòd 2017 Report By: Area Care & Learning Manager West Area ( Lead for Gaelic) Gaelic Development Officer 1. Purpose/Executive Summary 1.1 The purpose of the report is to:- • inform Members on the Royal National Mòd Loch Abar which took place between 13th- 21st October 2017. • to seek approval to begin to plan for future Royal National Mòds which will take place in the Highland Council area after 2020. 2. Recommendations 2.1 Members are asked to: i. to note the positive impact of the Royal National Mòd in the Lochaber area. ii. approve early work on securing the Royal National Mòd to the Highland Council area beyond 2020. 3. An Comunn Gàidhealach (ACG) 3.1 An Comunn Gàidhealach (ACG) is the organisation responsible for running the Royal National Mòd. ACG establishes the Local Organising Committee (LOC) in the area where the Mòd takes place. 4 Mòd Loch Abar 4.1 On October 13th Mòd Loch Abar commenced with a torchlight street parade led by the Deputy First Minister which departed from Cameron Square in Fort William High Street to the Nevis Centre, where the Official Opening Ceremony took place 4.2 Elected Members were present at the Torchlight Parade and the Opening Ceremony. The Chairperson of Corporate Resources Committee welcomed the Mòd to Lochaber on behalf of the Highland Council, The Deputy First Minister gave the keynote address. The Mòd was officially opened by Kate Forbes MSP.
    [Show full text]
  • Sir Thomas Dreams…
    Sir Thomas Dreams… In this series of ten mini-soundscape monologues, we meet Sir Thomas Urquhart, eccentric genius, laird of Cromarty and owner of the castle which preceded Cromarty House. Imprisoned in 1650 after he supported King Charles I at the disastrous Battle of Worcester, Sir Thomas now sits far away in London, thinking back to his thwarted ambitions for ‘his little town of Cromarty’ from his bleak cell in Windsor Castle. A lifelong monarchist, he was eventually released from prison in 1652, allowed only a brief visit home to his beloved Cromarty before permanent exile. By 1655 he was living abroad and, probably to improve his chances of returning home, had accepted the patronage of Oliver Cromwell, writing government propaganda. Sir Thomas had the last laugh: although he never returned home, it is said that he died in Holland around 1660, in a fit of laughter on hearing of the restoration of the monarchy. These ten monologue recordings cover Sir Thomas’s main achievements and obsessions. Track 1: On Inverness Magistrates Aim: to communicate Sir Thomas’ ambition for Cromarty and how it was thwarted by the magistrates of Inverness I suspect from the slope of your shoulders and the narrowing of your eyes, Sir, that you may be one of those base magistrates from Inverness. Your intention has ever been to rob my little town of Cromarty of its liberties and privileges in trade, has it not? Had your ambition not triumphed, foul Invernessian, I should have installed here men exceeding rich and of various nations; shipmasters and merchant adventurers, all of whom had promised to sail to trade with Cromarty in their best vessels.
    [Show full text]
  • Highland-Wide Local Development Plan Main Issues Report
    Highland-wide Local Development Plan Am Planna Leasachaidh Air Feadh na Gàidhealtachd Main Issues Report Aithisg nam Prìomh Chúisean Draft for Committee Approval August 2015 www.highland.gov.uk Spatial Strategy Map HwLDP2 MIR The Highland Council Foreword Foreword "The Highland-wide Local Development Plan (or HwLDP) is a vital tool in shaping our future and for making the Highlands a more prosperous growing region of Scotland. It describes how we can manage the high quality built and natural environment and how places can adapt to provide homes, jobs and services that we need. This Main Issues Report marks the first stage in reviewing the HwLDP. Recently, the Council has made good progress in preparing Area Local Development Plans that guide where development can happen. This means that this new HwLDP can become a policy only Plan to guide how development should happen. It sets out the main issues and options for updating the HwLDP to take account of new issues and advice from Scottish Government. We also want this new Plan to reflect the priorities and aspirations of communities, businesses and key agencies. For the first time it has been based on the outcomes identified in the Community Planning Partnership's Single Outcome Agreement. In doing so, we hope that it represents a shared view of how we can work together to address the priorities for communities across Highland. This is the best stage in the process to influence the new Plan and shape planning policy. I encourage anyone with an interest in the future of the Highlands to have their say on this document." Audrey Sinclair Chair of the Planning, Development and Infrastructure Committee The Highland Council HwLDP2 MIR Purpose and Scope of this Document Purpose and Scope of this Document The Council have a duty to provide up to date Local Development Plans (LDPs) for the whole of the Highland Council area(1).
    [Show full text]