INFORMATION

Volume XLIU No. 1 January 1988 £2 (to non-members)

People of the Book" only in our imagination; books, a wag once remarked, are kept at the THE WIENER LIBRARY office, and of its 40-odd pages, the Jewish Chronicle, truly "The Organ of British Jewry", can Hopes and Prospects spare for books only less than one. In the Wiener Library certainly are recorded vast aspects of the story of our time, bewildering lfred Wiener, thou shouldst be living at visit to Britain. Now, 30 years on, the Library to the point of incredible if they were not so well this hour . . . The memorable line (suit­ reached what Dr. Wiener would have considered documented, nor are they by any means as Aably paraphrased) must have sprung to the pinnacle of its career: the Royal Family took thoroughly explored yet as they might be. This the minds of those who read that at a Wiener note of it. again raises questions that are not easily Library Dinner held in the Banqueting House, answered. 'If the Library is there (Lord Callaghan Whitehall, the Guest of Honour was none other It is possible that he would have esteemed this said) and scholars can use it, we can draw lessons than H.R.H. Prince Philip. Duke of Edinburgh. honour as an equivalent of the highly treasured from it to make sure that such horrors do not How it would have rejoiced the heart of the man Order ofthe Red Eagle. Fourth Class, which was occur again'. But is this so? The German Jews had who founded the Library. He struggled hard to the Imperial decoration usually bestowed on plenty of such libraries and students were not gain recognition of the work that he had started as German Jews, but it is certain that he would have lacking. Dr. Wiener only continued outside Ger­ early as 1933 — work that abundantly proved its relished the encounter with Prince Philip if only many a struggle he had long been waging inside, worth both in the war against Nazi Germany and because they would have been able to converse in and he enjoyed the support of quite a number of in research since — and he was happy when he the mother tongue of the founder of Gordons­ scholars all bent upon ensuring that an even then managed, in 1946. to obtain agestureof good will toun. sombre past was not revived. with the establishment of a Board consisting of Now it must be hoped that the exalted patro­ such luminaries as Professor Selig Brodetsky, nage will benefit the Wiener Library Endowment So what was needed was not so much know­ James Callaghan. Leonard Montefiore. the Most Appeal which provided the Dinner. No doubt the ledge which was broadly available but something Hon. the Marques of Reading. Paul Rykens, Library will muddle through if only to maintain a very different — conscience and vision. There Brigadier T. Robbins. the Right Hon. Lord tradition. If its chief hopes rest in Anglo-Jewry was, among some, no desire to know the past; Vansittart. and notably the Hon. David Bowes- the prospect would appear somewhat indifferent. among others a refusal to credit the foreseeable Lyon who had the inestimable advantage of being Lord Callaghan mentioned that Dr. Wiener was future, and, accordingly, nowhere a resolution to related, albeit remotely, to the family of H.M. 'disappointed when Anglo-Jewry did not respond act. The Italians have a saying: 'Those who can The Queen (the present Queen Mother). wholeheartedly' to his ideas, in fact he would act don't want to, and those who want to cannot - place greater expectations among the Germans and between them the world goes to the dogs". One or two of the Board members were little than among the Jews, and things have not This is what happened in our time, and it must be more than men of straw, and it is doubtful noticeably changed since. Praise, yes, but when it feared that for all their undoubted educational whether they ever took a closer view of the comes to tachUt, there is little room for libraries value even libraries like that of Dr. Wiener can Wiener Library than from the luncheon room of among the communal priorities. We are "The give no assurance that this will not happen again. the Savoy Hotel where they met for the purpose of constituting the Board. But others were most valuable, e.g. Mr. Leonard Montefiore and Mr. (now Lord) Callaghan who is probably the only survivor. He fitly presided over the Dinner, WE HAVE MOVED having shown a tangible interest in the work by actually (in 1952) publishing an article in the Wiener Library Bulletin. to

That quarterly Bulletin appeared, for many Hannah Karminski House years, virtually unter Ausscliluss der Offentlich- keh. as a candid well-wisher put it. but, thanks 9 Adamson Road, London NWS 3HX almost entirely to Dr. Wiener's tenacity, the Library slowly made progress, and by 1958 it was Our new telephone number is 01-483 2536/7/8/9 sufficiently known to be visited by the West German President Theodor Heuss then on a State page 2 AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1988 CREEPING NATIONALISM' NEW SYNAGOGUE Among German Youths AND OLD FEARS Neo-Nazi-type trends among young people aged touch with what was going on, and they were in Freiburg 16-17 were examined by an educationalist at seeking 'simple solutions". The idea of "national A new Jewish communal centre including a Bielefeld University, Wilhelm Heitmeyer, who identity", the mark of "creeping nationalism", synagogue was opened in Freiburg (Black, found that about 40 per cent of the 1.257 seemed to promise "lasting values", even when the Forest). The ground, near the Cathedral, was interviewed would support violence, extreme social and economic situation was deteriorating. donated by the City Council, and a contribution nationalism, racism and the principle of the to the building costs was made jointly by the inequality of men (Rechtsextremistische Orientie- Council and the Baden-Wiirttemberg Govern­ rungen bei Jugendlichen. Bielefeld. Juventa Ver­ A TOPICAL 'JEW SUSS' ment. lag. 243 pp.). He was concerned not with mem­ The ceremony was attended by the city's bers of neo-Nazi organizations — few of the The "horrible validity' of the Jew Siiss story is Mayor, Herr Rolf Bohme, who recalled that youngsters actually belong to one — but rather stressed by a German critic of the new produc­ Freiburg in 1933 had a Jewish population of with the causes making for neo-Nazi symphathies tion, at Nuremberg, of Paul Kornfeld's play Jud 1,400; by 1941 not one was left as a result of flight, where educationlists might still have a chance of Siiss which the Czech Jewish author wrote in expulsion and deportation:'Suffering and death exerting influence. 1929. Twelve years later, aged 52. Kornfeld was of the Jews was at once the beginning of our deported and in Janurary 1942 perished in a shame, disgrace and guilt", the Mayor said. He It appears that while the traditional neo-Nazi concentration camp near Lodz — "a victim of that referred to the centre as 'a monument of a past organizations with their uniforms and provocative murderous antisemitism which he sought to stem that will not and must not be allowed to pass". He bearing, are unpopular, great attraction (about 50 with his play". Career, character and judicial quoted a saying of the chassidic leader Baal Shem per cent) is held by such aggressive slogans as assassination of Joseph Suss-Oppenheimer (1692 Tov that 'the secret of reconciliation is remem­ 'Germany for the Germans" and 'Wogs Out". -1738) are presented as a topical concern which is brance". A special welcome was extended to Frau Germans were thought to be a higher race, and underlined by reciting, as a curtain raiser. Chan­ Gertrud Luckner, the well-known champion of the social problems were considered to be capable cellor Kohl's remarks about "the grace of the late Christian-Jewish understanding and editor ofthe of solution if "the work-shy, criminals and mental birth'. The plain message is that the evil past must annual Freiburger Rundbrief. cases' were "somehow eliminated" from society. not be forgotten even by those who may know it only from hearsay. In his address, the chairman of the Central Committee of Jews in Germany, Herr Werner 25 per cent stressed the "positive aspects" of Nachmann, warned against the current tenden­ Nazism — "discipline and order, employment, no Writing under the headline "A Myth is being cies to whitewash the Nazi regime; there was no criminals": only "the chasing of Jews" was disap­ Dismantled", the F.A.Z. critic Georg Hensel cause for optimism, he explained, as had been proved of. Girls, incidentally, seemed less infec­ recalls how the Nazis, in 1940. used the story "to shown by the fact that a local priest was asked by ted by neo-Nazism than boys. No difference was gain public support for the State-engineered parishioners why a synagogue was allowed to be noted as to whether the youngsters did or did not assassination of the Jews by fomenting hatred". built in the neighbourhood of the Cathedral. have a job. But there was frustration that, He also mentions the British Jew Siiss film (1934, Even before the ceremony the synagogue"s win­ contrary to official teaching, efficiency did not with Conrad Veidt) which, based on the novel by dows were smashed by 'unknown elements". The seem to come to grips with "the complex difficul­ Lion Feuchtwanger, was to be a protest against return of a small number of Jews to Germany, ties of reality". People were thought to have lost the persecution of the Jews. Nachmann said, should be seen as a courageous contribution to the rebuilding of German democ­ racy. The number of Jews in the whole area between MORE 'REVISIONIST' DISTORTIONS Freiburg and the Lake of Constance is about 300. What Hitler Wanted

The "revisionist" distorters of Nazi history find (pp. 738.736): "The borders of 1914 don't mean ever new ways of whitewashing Hitler. Would anything for the future of the German nation; ANNE FRANK DISCOVERY you believe it — Hitler never thought of conquer­ they neither gave security in the past nor would ing Lebensraum in the East: all he wanted was to they give strength for the future. . . . The demand Those familiar with the story of Anne Frank will regain the territories which Germany had lost in for the restoration of the 1914 frontiers is a know that "Albert Dussel", the Franks" compan­ the first war. Therefore, the invasion of Russia in political nonsense of a kind that makes it appear a ion in their attic hide-out, had a Christian girl 1941 was not an act of aggression but merely crime', etc. Also: 'We National Socialists put paid friend, Charlotte Kaletta. Now "Dussel's" real a "direct reaction' to "Stalin's military threat", to pre-war foreign policy. We stop looking South name was Fritz Pfeffer, a Jewish dentist from nothing more than "preventive war". This allega­ and West and direct our gaze towards the lands of Giessen, who left Germany, with Charlotte, in tion is seriously made by Dr. Dirk Kunert in his the East. If today we talk of new territory, we can the night of the November program 1938. They book Ein Weltkrieg wird programmiert: Hitler, only think, first of all, of Russia' (p. 742). went to Amsterdam but could not get married Roosevek. Stalin. Die Vorgeschichte des 2. Welt­ This would seem pretty conclusive: what a pity there because, in the case of refugees, the Dutch krieges nach Primdrquellen (Ullstein. 1986. that Dr Kunert, the "historian", has overlooked recognised the Nuremberg Laws. When the 372pp.) Kunert is a German historian teaching this, the most "primary' of sources. Germans occupied Holland, Pfeffer managed to 'international politics' at the University of Johan­ escape the razzias, and Miep Gies, the Franks' nesburg where he appears to be at a safe distance Another piece of "revisionism': Kunert has contact with the outside world, introduced him to from the historical realities. heard of "rumours', early in 1939, that Germany the family in November 1942. When the Nazis was about to perpetrate acts of aggression, but he discovered the hide-out on 4 August 1944, he was thinks — now, after nearly 50 years — they arrested, deported to Neuengamme and mur­ Rarely can the facts have been more blatantly "lacked any substance". ... A reviewer in the dered there. Charlotte Kaletta died a few weeks distorted. Hitler's plans are plainly stated in his Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung remarks on the ago in Amsterdam. Her papers, including a foto book Mein Kampf; there can be found all the "scandal" and the "irresponsibility" that a book like album, were recently discovered on a flea market •programming' that Kunert needed. As for the this, which, 'in the wrong hands, will have by a member of the Anne Frank Foundation, restoration of Germany within the borders of disastrous effects", should be published by (of all Mrs. Joke Kniesmeyer. who was able to identify 1914, this is what Hitler says in Mein Kampf people) the Ullstein Verlag. Pfeffer from the only existing foto of "Dr. Dussel". AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1988 pages Richard Grunberger Palestine Jewry and the Holocaust WHAT THE YECKES DID FOR ISRAEL A book recently published in Tel Aviv on the attitude adopted by the Yishuv towards the holocaust has attracted curiously little attention A 50 Years' Record outside Israel though quite a lot inside. It does not yet seem to have appeared in any language other than Hebrew — Hanhaga beMalkod: Ha-Yishuv he Yeckes are the theme of a study of excess of a thousand Palestinian Pounds could nochach ha-Shoa 1942-1945 ("Leadership in a German-speaking Jews in Israel during the enter the country on so called capitalist certifi­ Trap: The Yishuv facing the Holocaust"). Am Tlast half century.* While the refugee influx cates—injected a dynamism into a stagnating Oved. in cooperation with the Chaim Weizmann into the Anglo-Saxon countries was numerically economy that enabled it, in modern parlance, to Institute for the Study of Zionism. 1986. 580pp. insignificant in relation to their population, the take off. During the middle Thirties electricity The author is Dina Porat. immigration of German-speaking Jews into Pales­ consumption trebled, indicating a rise in living A long review, by an Israeli, was printed in the tine during the 1930s, numbering around fifty standards as well as increased industrial activity. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung where the follow­ thousand, formed a sizable reinforcement for the The establishment of new enterprises—factories, ing points were made: The author deals with such 200,000 strong Yishuv of pre-Hitler days. But the workshops, port facilities, as well as, in the "hitherto repressed"' questions as, did the Jews in main difference the German influx made here was service sector, hotels, restaurants, shops, laun­ Palestine really do everything in their power to qualitative rather than quantitative. If, in the dries etc—made the labour force grow by a factor alarm world public opinion? were there any words of the recent Times editorial on the of four. Twenty per cent of the German immi­ possibilities of negotiating with the Nazis and was dissolution of the Amadeus Quartet (see AJR grants elected to follow the basic occupation of advantage taken of them? was the Yishuv too INFORMATION. October 1987), the refugees the Zionist nation-builders and became tillers of much concentrating on the building up of the of the 1930s made a valuable contribution to the soil: they founded new settlements of which country and the establishment of the State, with Britain, the Yeckes in the Palestine of the Naharia became the best known. (The 1 in 5 ratio the result that everything else was considered of Mandate helped effect a virtual transformation of is all the more remarkable since their background secondary importance? that country. had been overwhelmingly in the professions or While the files of various national institutions commerce.) revealed that detailed knowledge of the Nazi In the 1920s the country had. despite gradual But although they were Jews settling among crimes was available long before the end of 1942. colonisation by Jewish settlers, retained an essen­ fellow-Jews their integration did not proceed it was not until 22 November of that year that the tially Middle Eastern economic framework, and entirely smoothly. The Yishuv was largely com­ Jewish Agency actually published news of the the subsequent Depression had made things posed of East Europeans who perceived the extermination in progress. Even then (the author worse. The arrival, over the next few years, of newcomers as culturally different and deficient in says), after a month of mourning, the interest 20.000 capitalists"—German Jews with funds in Zionist motivation. Cultural differences gave rise flagged. The Jews of Palestine and those of to numerous jokes, for example about a line of Europe seemed to be living in two different worlds. * Shiomo Erel, Neue Wurzeln. 50 Jahre Immigra­ Yecke construction workers passing bricks to the tion deutsch-sprachiger Juden in Israel. Bleicher steady accompaniment of Danke. Herr Doktor!. Porat believes that a deal might have been Verlag, Gerlingen. 1983. 312pp. Bitte, Herr Doktor!. struck with the Nazis, directly or indirectly, but the British were opposed and the Yishuv was only half-heartedly involved. The reviewer finds this Achievement in spite of Handicaps part of her story convincing but cannot agree when she seems to suggest — though not without Although talk of discrimination is, of course, Europeans both formed the nucleus ofthe Pales­ reservations — that all these plans were doomed fanciful, the fact remains that not a single Israeli tine (later Israel) Philharmonic Orchestra, and to failure and that the Yishuv and the Zionist leader from Ben Gurion to Shamir had a Mid- provided the core of its audiences. In academic movement were probably well advised to support European background, this may have something life Hugo Bergmann, Arthur Ruppin, Gershom the Allied policy of Unconditional Surrender. to do with the fact that undue attachment to Scholem and Martin Buber added lustre to the correctness and formality of German Jews tended Hebrew University. to disqualify them from climbing, in Disraeli"s words, to the top of the greasy pole. Some have, Chaim Weizmann, himself a scientist, was most ELDERLY ISRAELIS' SELF-AID nonetheless, occupied key positions in the admi­ anxious, from the very inception of the Hebrew University (1925), to recruit German Jews for its A notable Israeli enterprise designed to help the nistration. Pinhas Rosen and Siegfried Moses, aged to help themselves recently celebrated its respectively Justice Minister and Comptroller science faculty. He set his sights specially at three Nobel Prize winners: Albert Einstein; the chemist 25th birthday. It is called Life Line (Yad Lekasli- General, built safeguards against chicanery and ish). and it is run by a lady, Miriam Mendlow. corruption into the structure of the emerging Richard Willstatter and the physicist Fritz Haber. Alas, the pro-Zionist Einstein was critical of the herself 70, who describes her aim as 'providing pohty whose effectiveness outlasted their own the community services and the employment that period of office. Another Mid-European. Chaim way the University managed its science depart­ ments and eventually preferred Princeton to the elderly need to enable them to continue living Bar-Lev, was a top-ranking soldier and had a in their homes and communities'. She wants the defence line in the Sinai Peninsula named after Jerusalem. Willstatter, guest of honour at the 1934 opening of the Sieff Institute at Rechovot, elderly to have "a reason to get up in the morning him. And then there is of course Teddy Kollek and look forward to the day", for what they whose work as Mayor of Jerusalem has probably actually returned to Nazi Germany, saying "I know Germany has gone mad—but if a mother needed was 'not pity but integration within the made him the best-known City Father in the community". Western world. has fallen ill that is no ground for the children to desert her". In the same year Haber came to With moderate assistance from the Govern­ Elsewhere in public life the Yeckes have made Palestine to test the waters, but died on the ment and local authorities, Mrs. Mendlow the sort of contribution that their above-average journey. managed to set up 14 sheltered workshops in educational background fitted them for. In jour­ Jerusalem, employing some 250 people. Their nalism Gershom Schocken of Haarez and Asriel A sad story which underlines the point which trades are various handicrafts such as book-bind­ Carlebach of Maariv provide outstanding exam­ Shmuel Tamir, the Israeli-born Justice Minister in ing, ceramics, pottery, machine and hand-knit­ ples; in medicine Professor Herrman Zondek the Begin cabinet, made to the author of the study ting, sewing, enamelled metalwork, toys, picture- (whose patients ranged from Stresemann to King "What a state we could have built with the 500.000 framing, weaving, embroidery, jewellery design, Abdullah"s family). In the musical sphere mid- Jews from Germany if they had all come here!" shoe repair. page 4 AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1988 PAUL YOGI MAYER reports on us with pride some excellent drawings and paint­ ings of architecturally interesting graves done by one of his students. The walls of the office were THE JEWISH CEMETERY IN BRESLAU also covered with black-red and gold pennants. Mgr. Lagiewski deplored the scant interest shown in his work by Jews. The Polish Govern­ My wife (Ilse nee Fabisch) and I recently visited Lassalle, as often visited by German Social ment paid his and his staffs salary, also the cost of Breslau where she was born and went to school. It Democrats from the DDR as is Marx at Highgate the restoration of the cemetery which he remar­ is now of course Wroclaw in Poland. Jewish by Communists from the East (and West). ked was the only cemetery of any religion to visitors are rare there though this was once the Another grave was that of the parents of Erhard survive the war in Breslau. third largest Jewish community in Germany, with Milch, the air ace in the first world war who was He asked for information about the pre-war a membership of 20.000. We stayed for only two declared non-Jewish by Goring; he then joined Jewish community as the small community using days. the Nazi Parly and became Field Marshal in the the cemetery now were all people from the East The strongest impression we gained was at the Luftwaffe. who were very different from those who once Jewish cemetery in Lohestrasse. There was the There also was the grave of the parents of Edith lived here. I thought that former citizens of high wall surrounding the area, free of graffiti and Stein, the beatified nun who perished at Ausch­ Breslau, living in so much better circumstances slogans, restored to embrace over 12,(100 graves. witz; the grave of Heinrich Graetz. the historian, than those Jews now living here, might wish to When we found the entrance and had crossed and many other well-known people. Paula OUen- take a personal interest in them. Mgr. Lagiewski what looked like a builder"s yard, we were met by dorf, the Jewish women"s leader, who died in has written a book about his work (in Polish); it a gentleman who asked us the usual questions — Jerusalem was commemorated with an inscription will be translated into German and sent to me. from where, how. what, which. He introduced on a family grave. Quite a number of names had Saying good-bye. he guided us through the iron himself as Mgr. Maciej Lagiewski, an art his­ been engraved into stones often lying on their gate which he had designed in the form of a torian who had a small team to help him restore side, broken into two and more pieces. There Menorah. between two pillars with specially made that vast area covered by many trees, bushes, were also the graves of Fritz Haber"s parents, of large lamps, reminiscent of the Mezuzah. We felt ancient graves similar in shape to those in many Professor Ferdinand Cohen, the teacher of Koch. that our mission had been accomplished. We other Jewish cemeteries. Finally we found the grave of my wife"s grand­ decided on a new inscription on the grave, giving 'We have identified about 3,500 graves", he parents (the Raschkow family). It was designed the names not only of those who were put to rest said, and restored many of them. But I have only by their son, an architect who survived in Stutt­ here many years ago but also In Memorian of all one stonemason and some women to help me". gart because of his non-Jewish wife. those of our family who perished in the Holo­ We walked along the broad paved alleys on which On our return to our guide"s office, he showed caust. many years ago the slow and solemn funeral processions had moved, when there still were quite impressive family tombs such as the one of the Schottlander family. Our informant told us that the cemetery had News from East Germany three times changed hands in heavy fighting during the last weeks of the war. Hence the destruction. Ironie des Schicksals: young boys and NEO-NAZIS IN BERLIN elderly Volkssturm men as well as SS defended the Jewish cemetery as part of Breslau, dying An ominous incident occurred in East Beriin They appeared to be regarding Nazism as so amongst Jewish graves, when Berlin had already when a gang of about 30 neo-Nazis set upon some thoroughly finished that it could never return. fallen to the Russians. 400 young people, mostly punks, at the end of a School children are given an outline of the Nazi When we asked names of the Jewish dead, our rock concert in a Protestant church (reports the era, with appalling pictures of the extermination guide explained that at the beginning of the war London daily The Independent). Shouts of Sieg camps, but (according to Herr Eppelmann) "they (or even before) all brass, copper and other metal Hed and 'Jewish swine", also "Communist swine", feel that it is like the atrocities in South Africa — tablets, lettering, decorations had been 'extrac­ were heard. Despite pleas from members of the something far away that does not affect them. ted". This made it so difficult to identify many audience, police reinforcements and first aid They have no sense of guilt, there is no attempt to graves. He took us to the grave of Ferdinand teams refused to intervene. discuss how our history should affect our lives'. Church members, punks and non-Christians have founded an "Anti-Nazi League"; leaflets urged people to resist the spread of neo-Nazism JEWS OF PLAUEN and to demand State action. A Protestant pastor, Research on the Jews of Plauen. Saxony, East Rainer Eppelmann, who is prominent in the East Germany, is being undertaken by Hannes German peace movement, and a church social Schmidt who has already published a series of worker, Lorenz Postler, were quoted as having seven illustrated articles in the East German suggested the Government"s silence indicates Jewish Nachrichtenblatt, December 1983 to Sep­ they may not be sure how to tackle the problem. tember 1985. He is now engaged in expanding his With best wishes from material which he hopes will eventually appear as a booklet. He would be glad to hear from former Plauen Jews. His address is Leninplatz 1/0509, ARNOLD ZWEIG MEMORIAL 1017 Beriin, DDR. VICTORINOX The centenary of the birth of Arnold Zweig (see AJR INFORMATION, November 1987) was marked with an exhibition of his writings organ­ STAMPS ized by the East German Deutsche Biicherei. His Collections, individual items Swiss Knives of Quality accumulations, postal history house in East Berlin where he lived from 1950 until his death in 1968, is to be converted into a BUYING/SELLING memorial. A collection of 20 ofhis tales, entitled everything in the way of philately Ein bischen Blut, as well as a volume giving a ERIC ELIAS, 58 GREENACRES, survey of the whole of his work, has been LONDON N3 (01) 349 1610 published by Aufbau Verlag, Berlin and Weimar. AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1988 page 5 PAUL BALINT-AJR CBF RESIDENTIAL CARE AND HOUSING ASSOCIATION DAY CENTRE Statement by Mr. Ludwig Spiro Entertainment for January 1988 Tuesday 5th Jack Donn — Faith Healer In accordance with the Articles of Association ofthe CBF Residential Care and Housing Association I will be retiring from the Association on 31 December 1987, the year in which I have attained the age of Wednesday 6th Hans Freund with Francoise seventy five. Geller & Sons I am very pleased to announce that Mr. R. W. Mattes, who joined the Management Committee of Thursday 7th Group Forum with Hannah this Association in September 1986, has been appointed by the Council at their meeting on 11 Nyman November 1987, to become the Chairman of this Association on 1 January 1988. Tuesday 12th Phyllis Boxer — Operatic I like to take this opportunity to thank all members ofthe organisation for the help and support which Singer I have enjoyed so much throughout my period in office. I am confident that you will join me in wishing Mr. Mattes a long and successful tenure of office. Wednesday 13th Fortune Telling by Frances Worrell Thursday Wth Musical Quiz by Lotte Zacks Tuesday 19th Magician A NEW WING BIRTHDAY WISH Wednesday 20th Edies Chat Show to Heinrich Stahl to dear Matron Dorli Neal Thursday 21st Peter Howard & Guest Tuesday 26th Musical Appreciation by A new wing to the Heinrich Stahl House in The by Joseph Austerlitz (aged 90) Yacov Paul Bishops Avenue, the Charles Jordan Wing, was officially opened on Sunday, 15 November, by N ach wie vor kann ich nur sagen. Wednesday 27th Dorei Duo Mr. Oscar Jospeh, OBE. the distinguished, now Im Stahl House kann sich keiner beklagen. Thursday 28th Barbara Jacobson & retired, worker for the Jewish refugee cause, who E s ist das Werk unserer lieben Matron, Helen Mignano unveiled the plaque recording the event. At a Kaum irgend ein Land hat solch einen Patron. ceremony presided over by Mr. Ludwig Spiro, A rbeitssam bienengleich, stets auf den Beinen, chairman of the CBF Residential Care and Spricht sie mit alien, ob sie lachen oder AFTER THE MOVE IS OVER Housing Association, short addresses were weinen. To be sung to the tune of After the Ball is Over delivered by the Deputy Mayor ofthe Borough of L achelnd und in alien Lagen versiert, Brent, Councillor F. E. Poole, and Mr. J. Hier ist noch keinem ein Unrecht passiert. After The Move is Over Marshall. M.P. for Hendon South and Member of D ank will ich zollen mit diesem Schreiben: After the Day has gone — the European Parliament, who stressed the "mag­ Moge sie lange erhalten uns bleiben. Now we"re in Hannah Karminski nificent contribution' which Jewish refugees had O hn Zweifel dies ist eine Lady von Qualitat, We can get on with the fun made to the United Kingdom. The new wing was Belastet mit Arbeit von friih bis spat. blessed and the Mezuzzah fixed by Rabbi Rodney R at. Hilfe, Relief gibt sie alien Leuten, Volunteers are wanted in plenty Mariner, Minister of the Belsize Square Synag­ Und das hat hier wirklich viel zu bedeuten. To visit those in need ogue. L anges Leben zu ihrem Geburtstagsfeste Please "phone our new number Moge Gott ihr geben: ich wiinsch ihr das You are very much wanted indeed. The new wing provides 17 modern rooms with Beste — toilets and showers for wheelchair cases. / ch wunsch ihr alles erdenklich Gute: Altogether, the homes — Osmond, Leo Baeck, Bleib sie nur gesund und stets froh zu Mute. VISITORS NEEDED FOR Heinrich Stahl, in The Bishops Avenue, and Otto Schiff House in Netherhall Gardens, provide LEO BAECK HOUSE (1) a widow living in Ealing; (2) a widow living in complete residential care for some 210 Jewish Bayswater; (3) a widower living in Central victims from Nazi persecution between the ages Thanks for Entertainment London; (4) a couple living of Millfield Lane, N.6 of 70 and well over 90. A flatlet block in Residents and Staff much enjoyed the entertain­ (housebound husband; wife needs a break), also Highgate, provides sheltered accommodation in ment provided and wish to express their gratitude for residents of the Bishops Avenue Homes. self-contained flats for a further 52 refugees. to the following artists for their delightful perfor­ Please ring Laura Howe 483 2536. mances between June and November 1987: Hans Freund and co-artists (songs and piano recitals); Charles Jordan MORRIS FEINMANN HOME Alice Sommer (piano recitals); Ros Ashken (piano) and Douglas Poster (tenor), with songs Charies Jordan (1908-1967), after whom the new The new Matron of the Morris Feinmann Home, from shows; also the Belsize Trio (flute, cello, wing is named, was an American Jew who spent Manchester, will be Mrs. Christine Gorton. She piano), with Caroline Franklyn. succeeds Mrs. Vera Smith who retired at the end most of his life in the service to his fellow-Jews, especially, since 1941, as an agent of the Ameri­ Teddy Teddern's interesting film shows on 11 of May 1987 after 15 years" devoted service. This June and 22 Oct were much appreciated as were was announced by the chairman of the Home, can Jewish Joint Distribution Committee ("Joint"). He held the offices of Director General also, of course, the regular Monday afternoon Mr. Kingsley. at the Home"s 40th Annual Meet­ musical presentations provided by Irene White ing on Sunday. 15 November, held on the Home's for the JDC Overseas Operations and Executive Vice-Chairman. In August 1967, on a mission to and Rudi Boy don. Leo Baeck House is most premises in Didsbury. Mr. Kingsley gratefully grateful to them. acknowledged the help so freely given by Honor­ Czechoslovakia, he was. in mysterious circum­ ary Committee members, volunteer workers and stances, murdered in Prague. Jewish sister organisations, all of which contri­ CAMPS buted to a successdul year. A well deserved INTERNMENT—P.O.W.— tribute was paid, to the Home's staff, for the very BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE FORCED LABOUR—KZ 51 Belsize Square, London, IM.W.3 high level of care shown to all residents. The I wish to buy cards, envelopes and folded post­ distinguished guests who added their praise of the Our communal hall is available for cultural and social functions. For details apply to: marked letters from all camps of both world wars. Home's work for the more than 60 residents Please send, registered mail, stating price, to: Secretary, Synagogue Office. 14 Rosslyn Hill, London NWS included the President of the Jewish Representa­ PETER C RICKENBACK tive Council. Mr. Henrv Guterman. Tel: 01-794 3949 page 6 AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1988 n his flat in Hampstead I listened with Huberman and supported by Jewish-American then permission was received to proceed with the Berthold Goldschmidt to a hauntingly beauti­ funding, he began to gather a group of instrumen­ work. At the end of 1949. nine months after he Iful tune. "It is a set of rhythmic variations on a talists who were one day to form the nucleus of had started, Goldschmidt was able to put the full melodically constant theme", he explained, and the Palestine Philharmonic Orchestra. And he score for Beatrice Cenci before the adjudicating added: "I am afraid there is quite a bit of applause composed his Variations on a Palestine Shepherd's panel. at the end". The applause was a sustained, Song. But life in Nazi Berlin was becoming He was informed that he had won and received rapturous ovation and he was obviously moved. increasingly precarious and. although implored his prize. But no one mentioned a performance. For him the wheel had turned full circle. For this by many of his friends and colleagues, including At his suggestion an audition was arranged in July was his private recording of a concert given by the the composer Hindemith, not to worry, not to 1950 at which Goldschmidt played through most Birmingham Symphony Orchestra, conducted by leave on account of "these idiots" who "could not of the music on the piano assisted by some singers Simon Rattle, on 18 September, 1987 at the last", he decided, in 1935, to quit Germany for and the select gathering, which included such Philharmonie in Berlin, and the German good. celebrities as Vaughan Williams, Lord Harewood audience"s acclaim was for his Ciaconna Sinfon- For a short time, he and his wife lived in and Rudolf Bing, was most complimentary. But ica. written in 1936, on the morrow of his arrival Switzerland, then they came to England and that was where the matter rested. Neither Covent in England, a refugee from Berlin. settled in London. He earned a pittance giving Garden nor Sadlers Wells were interested. He recalls the hardships of the time. These private lessons; but within a year he had com­ In 1987 the organizers of the 37th Berlin were indeed dark days for an emigre musician in pleted two new works: a second String Quartet Festival decided to include in their programme of his early thirties, even one of his calibre, who had and the Ciaconna. In 1938, Kurt Joos commis­ events an appreciation of Berlin musicians forced brought with him an established reputation as a sioned him to write the music for a new ballet. into exile by the Nazis, and they invited Berthold Goldschmidt to attend as guest of honour. And so it was that on 18 September he appeared in Berlin as a performer in a Gespriichskonzert. a conversa­ 'COMPOSER IN EXILE' tion piece with Stephen Hinton as interviewer, framed by his String Quartet No. 2. That evening, A Meeting with Berthold Goldschmidt his Ciaconna opened Simon Rattle"s concert in Who is celebrating his 85th birthday this month. He has long been a member of AJR. DAVID MAIER the Philharmonie and was received with enthu­ interviewed him. siasm by the audience and the press. Goldschmidt has been further honoured by the inclusion in a publication to mark Berlin"s 750th anniversary of pianist. conductor and composer of standing, with purely "Jewish" musical work. He took up the task extracts from an interview which he had given in a piano quintet, a piano sonata, a string quartet, with enthusiasm. Together with other Jewish London in 1977. Entitled Verdrixngte Musik. several choral or orchestral works and a highly musicians, encouraged by the violinist Bronislav Berliner Komponisten im Exd (Traber, H. and praised opera to his credit. Chronica, which, with its topical allusions, was Weingarten, E. eds. Argon Verlag, Berlin. 1987.) Berthold Goldschmidt was born in Hamburg well received in a number of countries and thus For Berthold Goldschmidt this was recognition on January 18, 1903. Both his parents loved music brought in a little extra income. When war came, in the country of his birth. But here in Britain, and encouraged him in his choice of career Goldschmidt's name was no longer unknown and too, there was an interesting, indeed intriguing, (although he had fleetingly toyed with the idea of he was invited to take charge of the music section development. In April 1987, the musicologist becoming a veterinary surgeon). He studied of the BBC's German Service. He made a David Drew, who had heard the recording ofthe history of art and philosophy at Hamburg, then significant contribution to this element in the Beatrice Cenci excerpts, asked if he might borrow enrolled at the University of Berlin. In 1922 he British war effort which involved, among other the score so that he could show it to a foreign joined Franz Schreker"s masterclass in composi­ forms of 'cultural warfare", the broadcasting to conductor then on a visit to London. This was the tion at the Staatliche Hochschule fiir Musik. "I Germany of Nazi-banned composers and per­ Cuban-American Odelina de la Martinez who believe that I owe it to my respected teacher's formers. was, on behalf of an operatic singer, looking for a encouragement of individuality in his students, in After the war, Goldschmidt was once more role with a high dramatic content. On seeing which he differed from, for example, Schoenberg, becoming recognized as a conductor. He directed Goldschmidt"s score she looked no further. And that I have never belonged to a ""school""." At this the Scottish Orchestra in the 1947 Glyndbourne now the work has gone into rehearsal for a time he first became aware of the music of Gustav production of Verdi"s Macbeth, and when, in concert performance in the Queen Elizabeth Hall Mahler, with which his name was later to become 1949, the Festival of Britain was in its preparatory on London"s South Bank on 16 April. 1988. This, so closely linked. stages, he was approached by the Arts Council too, is in its way a kind of Wiedergutmachung. with a request to establish his "qualifications" for Once asked if he felt that there was an element He had early successes: in the summer of 1923 taking part in an opera competition. He respon­ of Jewishness in many of his compositions, he saw the first performance of his quintet for ded and was accepted. piano and strings, with himself as one of the Goldschmidt remarked that, while he had always players; and in 1926 Erich Kleiber conducted his And so he went to work, and, together with been a conscious Jew, he did not believe that his prize-winning Passacaglia. In the same year he Martin Esslin, the well-known authority on music was peculiarly German or Jewish, but part himself conducted his Overture for Comedy of Brecht, wrote the book for a three-act opera ofthe European heritage. As Berthold Goldsch­ Errors, and his first String Quartet was received based on Shelley"s drama The Cenci. An outline midt's 85th birthday approaches, it is fitting that with acclaim by the public and warm commenda­ of this was sent in, followed three months later by we should know how much he has enriched this tion by eminent colleagues. He now had an the piano score for the first act. Weeks passed and heritage. engagement at the Berlin Staatsoper and an exclusive contract with a prestigious Viennese publishing house. His reputation spread, and in 1929 he was invited to join Carl Ebert. first in Britain has Cause to be Grateful Darmstadt and then in Berlin. In 1932, the young 'Hitler sent us a present of a whole generation of men of the mind who became ardent composer's first opera Der gewaltige Hahnrei anglophiles and transformed the life of our country in their own field. Fellow-travelling was ("The Mighty Cuckold") was successfully perfor­ never as cosy again after Arthur Koestler's Darkness at Noon. The philospher Karl Popper med at the Nationaltheater in Mannheim. taught us about the origins of our own open society, and how to defend it; the British art history would have been a poorer thing indeed without Sir Ernst Gumbrich.' But already the storm clouds were gathering. The opera was criticized by a Nazi "cultural" — George Walden M.P. reporting for the Daily Telegraph on his return from The Writer in organization and before long he was confined to Exile Conference held last month in Vienna. AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1988 page? AJR's NEW ADDRESS SELF AID 40th ANNIVERSARY CONCERT Hannah Karminski House. 9 Adamson Road. This year's Self Aid concert (November 29. N.W.3. which is the new home of the AJR, was sense of proportion. The Finale, delivered with Queen Elizabeth Hall) was the 40th of the opened, as a Communal Centre, on 12 December superb technical skill, conveyed a mood of joyful series — an achievement of which the organisers 1965. It was the first property owned by the AJR. drive, but gave the contrasting episodes their full may well be proud. Before it was bought, it was an extension of the due. The orchestra provided mature partnership. Sachs Boarding House (now Swiss Cottage Hotel) The performers were, as last year, the Diver­ Wallfisch was also in charge of the solo part in across the road. The purchase was largely promp­ timenti. directed by Paul Barritt. From the start the Andante from Tchaikovsky"s First String ted by the desire to provide pleasant and more of Britten's Simple Symphony, one was struck hy Quartet. The enticing themes of this popular spacious accommodation for the AJR Club which the ensemble"s outstanding discipline and accom­ movement (which had been a favourite with from its foundation in 1956 had been meeting in plished balance. The players" string sound was Tolstoy) made their full impact. one room at Zion House, Eton Avenue. rich and saturated, and their pizzicato in the Dvorak's String Serenade in E, op.22. which The building was adapted to its new purpose second movement was delicate and spicy. The concluded the concert, was an excellent choice, with much thoughtfulness and love. On the upper weighty pensiveness of the Saraband was well offering music of overflowing happiness. In the ground floor the Club would meet. The major reflected, and the Finale brought splendid attack opening Moderaio the sunny Bohemian atmo­ part of the lower ground floor was converted into and vigorous drive. sphere was fully established with all its sensual the Meeting Hall which some time ago was named Raphael Wallfisch was the soloist in C. P. E. charm. The Waltz had a spellbinding lilt, and the after the late Margaret Jacoby. It was used not Bach"s Cello Concerto in A. From the beginning intensely inspired Scherzo plenty of exuberance. only by the AJR but also by other organisations of he injected a spirit of joyfulness and healthy In the sprightly Finale one enjoyed some occa­ former refugees, thus being an asset to the joviality, always guided by stylistic insight. Yet he sional reminiscences of Beethoven's Eighth community at large. The adjoining, well planned also captured the Largo"s characteristic emotional Symphony. kitchen provided meals and snacks at functions intensity while maintaining a classical pose and H. W. FREYHAN and soon became also the headquarters of the Meals-on-Wheels Service. All these activities have been transferred to the Day Centre at Cleve Road. and. after the necessary changes. Hannah Karminski House has become a well equipped new office of the AJR, ASSOCIATION OF CHILDREN OF JEWISH REFUGEES though the rooms on the second and third floors continue to be used for residential purposes. A Progress Report Hannah Karniinski The Association of Children of Jewish Refugees Anyone in their twenties or thirties who is a child Now that we are established here, our members, (ACJR) is expanding as has been shown by the of Jewish refugee parents, single and interested in especially, the younger ones, may wish to know a fact that private venues no longer seem sufficient finding out more about the A CJR. should phone little about Hannah Karminski. She was a Ger­ for its functions. This gratifying prospect was one 01-579 9906 for further details. man-Jewish woman dedicated to her people, of the matter discussed at their second AGM held working for them regardless of her own fate. In on 17 September at the Paul Balint-AJR Day the Nazi years, when she was the head of the Centre. In his account of activities during the past Jewish Women's League, she had a chance of year, the chairman, Mr. John Dunstan. men­ emigrating but she chose to stay with her friends tioned the series of discussion groups, their Remember to the very end, while doing what she could to meetings addressed by distinguished speakers, enable others to leave. After the November 1938 their visits to hear Anatol Sharansky, the refuse­ Israel pogrom, the League was suppressed and she then nik, and Claude Lanzmann, director of the Shoa joined the Reichsvertretung. the representative film. There had also been numerous visits to the body of German Jewry, and in December 1942, theatre, concerts, cinema and operas. The So Israel may remember you aged 45. she was deported, never to be heard of monthly socials-cum-buffet suppers held in mem­ again. A member of her family, the late Judge Sir bers' houses had been very well attended. Seymour Karminski. said of her: "She was a very If you wish Israel and Jewish modest woman and a very gentle one, but Referring to the AJR, Mr. Dunstan said he hoped that in due course members would be able Organisations to benefit by your underneath those qualities she had a tremendous Will, why not consult us? sense of determination. She knew where her duty to become more involved in its work. There was, We have a special knowledge of lay and she was not in the least afraid of the after all. a special link between the generations. consequences. That means courage of the very The AJR had a notable record of activity and the problems and needs of highest order. In pursuit of her duty she died'. would continue to be an important source of help Jewish Clients, and can help you for years to come. or your Solicitor to carry out your A special vote of thanks was given to the intentions. administrafive secretary, Anne Salinger. The Accounts for 1986-87 were presented and For further information and adopted. The following members were elected to advice, without obligation and Jewish Book News & Reviews (138 Middle Lane, the Committee for the coming year: John Dun­ free of charge, please apply to: Crouch End. London N8 7JP) is a well inten- ston, Chairman; Caroline Salinger, Vice-Chair­ fioned venture produced three times a year by person; Ian Rosmarin, Treasurer; Anne Salinger. Mr H. Rothman (Director) two editors advised by a panel of four all of whom Administrative Secretary; Malcom Wald. Mem­ K.K.L. Executor & Trustee Co. Ltd. are apparently amateurs who perform well and bership Secretary; Madeline Ismach. Editor should be able to do better. Out of eight pages (Newsletter); also Steven Derby. CoHn Dunston, Harold Poster House, (November 1987. Vol.2 No.2) five are covered Daniel Levy, Helena Lieber, David Schreiber. Kingsbury Circle, with bibliographies and a list of contents of four In response to a motion from the floor, there London, NW99SP. Anglo-Jewish periodicals. Three book reviews was a wide-ranging discussion of the work of the Telephone: 01-204 9911, Ext: 36 are preceded by eight brief news items. Annual organisation "Jews against Apartheid', and a subscription rate £3. splendid buffet supper rounded off the evening. page 8 AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1988 W.W. Brown SB's Column Those were the days SONS AND DAUGHTERS Acting talents, frequently inherited by the next When Cook/Maid & Butler were in Demand generation, have shown themselves all over the world. We think of the Fairbanks (senior and junior), the Barrymores, the Redgraves and Sir ventsofnearlySOyearsagocametomymind that girl was a clever one and could teach my wife John Mills, with his daughters Juliet and Hayley, after a chance remark during an encounter what she had to do. The arrangement did not last as well as the Massey family; recently too we have with the Editor of this journal. I had long though. After 3 or 4 weeks the Lady of the witnessed the acting gift of Amanda Waring, E duaghter of charming Dorothy Tulin. Their mentioned that my wife and I had come to House told us that we were charming and pleasant England as cook/housemaid and butler respec­ people, but they needed experienced and efficient counterparts in German-speaking countries have tively, this being at the time the only occupation staff. The "season' was beginning, guests were included the three generations of Thimig, Paula for which a work permit was issued. expected, so we would have to part company. Wessely and Attila Hoerbiger with their three However, they understood our position: they actress daughters, and film fans everywhere still An advertisement in leading newspapers here would advertise for us in the local papers to find deplore the early death of Romy Schneider whose was placed by my sister who spent a few weeks in us a job in a less grand household. Which they parents were Magda Schneider and Wolf Albach- England in transit to the U.S. A well-meaning did, and we started again, this time in the service Retty. whose mother Burg actress Rosa Albach- couple living on a large estate in Berkshire was rash of a retired Indian Army Colonel and his wife. Retty lived to the ripe old age of 105. Thomas enough to engage us. We had quite recently got This is where the real fun began. Fritsch is the son of Willy Fritsch, Gotz George, married. My wife had worked as a secretary in prominent German actor, is the son of Heinrich Vienna and knew little about cooking; her mother On the first morning the Colonel showed me George and comedy-producer Michael Hinz the and the Dienstmcidchen did not allow her too often proudly his D.S.O. I had no idea what that was son of Werner Hinz whose classical part in into the kitchen. I had spent my early life among supposed to be but respectfully admired it. My Lessing and Schiller plays made him a stalwart on books; learning and teaching were my interests as early morning duties included cleaning the shoes, the Berlin stage. Johanna Liebeneiner (daughter well as travelling, my qualifications include a clearing the ashes from the grate, laying the of producer Wolfgang Liebeneiner) is an actress diploma as a Montessori teacher. Whatever I knew breakfast table, etc., but there was something in Munich, at present playing in Molieres' Tar­ by then and was able to do did not include the much more important I had to do. I had the Times tuffe. duties of a butler. delivered for me. but there was no hurry to read it. I had to get through the Colonel's Telegraph Munich My master told me to prepare his riding clothes before he appeared. In those days I felt it was very The Prinzregententheater. one ofthe most beauti­ for 8 a.m. and an hour later his city outfit had to be important to get more than one opinion of what ful in Germany, destroyed during Worid War II, laid out for him. Little did I know what English was going on in the world. And I had to read the has been rebuilt and, though not completely gentlemen wore for riding or for the City. but when Telegraph very carefully because it had to keep its restored, was reopened with Lessing's Nathan. — Igot the wrong things out for him. he. fortunately, pristine appearance. What the Colonel would Wir von Film (1928), a book with hundreds of knew where to find what he really wanted. My wife, have thought (and said) had he known that I had photographs of old time film stars, has become the cook, had a kitchen maid under her: luckily read the paper before him. I shudder to think. something of an encyclopedia. It was originally edited by Stefan Lorant, a Hungarian whose stations in life included Munich (Editor-in-chief *It's Not Done'. . of Miinchner Illustrierte) and London (Picture Post). The booklet has just been re-issued by One episode in our first days in the Colonel's The "Ohs' in various intonations and the 'It's not Liane Kolf-Verlag, Munich. house we shall never forget. On Sunday a chicken done' were early introductions into the English way was served for lunch. A few thin slices were duly of life. We laughed to ourselves and felt quite Birthday cut off by the Colonel in the well established ironic about many aspects ofthe English attitudes Soprano Jarmila Novotna is 80 and was the English manner, then the chicken came back into when we first encountered them. Over the years subject of many congratulations in New York. At the kitchen. We were not told what we were we have learned to appreciate, to respect and the height of her career she was considered an supposed to eat on that day. and in good faith we admire much of what seemed ridiculous at first. ideal Mimi. a unique Octavian, and in 1934, she helped ourselves to parts of the chicken. We partnered Richard Tauber at the Vienna pre­ broke off the legs and ate them in our accustomed miere of Lehar's Giuditta. Member ofthe Vienna way and probably a few bits more. Next morning 'THE DUNERA BOYS' State Opera from 1933-1938, and at the New the Lady of the House came into the kitchen and York Met from 1940 to 1957, she will always be said: "We'll have cold chicken for lunch'. She Another Reunion remembered for here excellent voice and the opened the larder, saw the remnants of the poor beauty of her appearance. bird and only produced the sound "OhI'. I think When the first U.K. reunion of "The Dunera she almost fainted. There followed detailed Boys' was held in a London hotel last May (see Obituary instructions as to what we were entitled to eat — AJR INFORMATION, July 1987). it proved Emmy Loose who had died in Vienna at the age not a lot, I'm afraid. such a success that another was called for and took place on 8 November (writes M. B. Simoni. of 73, was a typical opera soubrette and belonged to the Vienna Mozart Ensemble. She studied in Another episode we haven't forgotten: we had one of them). Apart from socialising and going Prague, made her debut in Hanover as Blonde in made friends, fellow-Viennese, who lived not far back to the "good old bad days', we had a business Seraglio and became a most appreciated member away. Sunday afternoon was our time off; the meeting after lunch to decide on a more useful of the Vienna operatic scene. She was Despina in friends came soon after lunch and stayed on. We purpose for further meetings. A SOth anniversary Mozart's Cosi fan tutte when the Vienna State chatted, there were lots of things to talk about. At reunion world-wide is envisaged in San Francisco Opera visited London after the war. about 7 p.m. the Colonel knocked at our door, in three years. asked me out on the corridor and enquired: 'Aren't your friends going yet? They came before In Australia reunions of the ex-internees have tea, it isn't done to stay so long when you are taken place for several years. They also publish The name of the singer Maria Ivogiin was visiting'. their own newspaper, The Dunera News. unfortunately misspelt in our December issue. AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1988 page 9 The anniversary of one of Stalin's last crimes Sir Sigmund Sternberg pleads for recalls other DIALOGUE, TRIALS OF JEWISH DOCTORS NOT CONFRONTATION An Interview Among the Stalinist crimes which he exposed in doctor' — the very propaganda that was later At the end of a terraced street in the severely his great speech on the 70th anniversary of the echoed in Pravda. Bolshevik Revolution, Mr. Gorbatchov men­ industrial district of London's Kentish Town, stands a low rise purpose-built office block with a tioned especially the "fabrication' ofthe so-called Again Lopez's death was not a single doom. flat roof and large expanse of window glass. It 'Jewish doctors' trial' which was probably the James Parkes. the Christian historian, writes: "If a accommodates the firm of chartered surveyors of most striking symptom of Stalin's advancing king had a Jewish physician and did not acutally which Sir Sigmund Sternberg is the head. Sir paranoia shortly before his death. In January perish on the battlefield, there was nothing Sigmund receives me in his spacious uncluttered 1953. nine eminent Russian doctors were arres­ surprising in this unfortunate doctor being office. ted, having allegedly confessed to murdering, accused of poisoning him'. The earliest known and/or conspiring to murder, a number of Soviet instance dates back to 877, and a record of the I see before me a grey eminence, proffering at leaders. Six of the nine were Jews, said to be Holy Inquisition gives the names of 50 martyrs — that moment a large colour photograph of himself 'connected with the international Jewish physicians who, on the rack, confessed to all sorts attired in a ruff, doublet and sort of biretta beside bourgeois nationalist organisation, the ""Joint", of murders. At the time of the expulsion of the the white-clad figure of the Pope. The photo established by American intelligence ... (in Jews from Spain, the royal physician, a Jew, was depicts. Sir Sigmund explains, his installation as a order) to conduct extensive espionage, terrorist accused of having poisoned the Infante Don Juan, Knight Commander of the Order of St Gregory in and other subversive work in many countries son of Ferdinand and Isabella. Martin Luther recognition of his work for Christian-Jewish including the Soviet Union'. The tone of the made similar charges and as late as 1610 the reconciliation. accusations was set by an article in Pravda which medical faculty of Vienna "confirmed' that the The Roman ceremony had been some time declared: "The pack of mad dogs from Tel Aviv is Jews were bound by their laws to kill every tenth ago. Just now he was briefly back from Budapest, loathsome and vile in its thirst for blood' (the sort Christian patient by means of drugs. The Nazis where he had officiated at the opening of an of "projection' which psychologists would recog­ did not bother to single out Jewish doctors — they exhibition of the Hungarian items from the Tel nise as a telling description of Stalin's own state of summarily accused all Jews of plotting to murder Aviv Museum of the Diaspora. En route he had mind). Hitler. made a detour to set up a Jewish-Christian colloquy in East Germany. Fortunately Stalin soon afterwoods died, and But to come back to Stalin's crimes: though the Sir Sigmund says he is a man of dialogue, not of now (in April 1953) the doctors were vindicated. charges of the 'doctors' plot' were soon (albeit by confrontation. He actually made this point in an The charges against them were stated to have sheer accident) discredited, it is good to have article in the East German paper Neue Zeit where been false, the documentary data unfounded, and them now exposed on the very highest authority he discussed East-West relations under the cap­ a Government communique actually (already — even if it would be rash to assume that having tion "It is our duty to meet each other half-way'. then) spoke of "methods of investigation which so been disposed of, those foul and evil accusa- He also paid a visit to President Waldheim were inadmissible and most strictly forbidden by fions will never be raised again. because he thinks, more especially, that Austria, Soviet law'. All the doctors were then released. instead of being subjected to censure—which was essentially negative—should be induced to take This persecution of Jewish doctors was not an posifive steps, however, small. What sort of innovation of the Stalin regime. The Tsarist steps? Ameliorating the hardship of needy former Government accused Jewish doctors of being refugees for one, and creating an institufionalised accomplices of Stalin as it were, carrying revolu­ framework for Christian-Jewish religious dial­ tionary propaganda into the army, and on that ogue for another. ground Jews were barred from the Military Academy of Medicine. Subsequently Jewish Wide-ranging Interests physicians were restricted to private practice and denied the right to occupy any public posts. BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE A secretary interrupts our conversafion: some­ thing urgent has cropped up. As I gather up my 51 BELSIZE SQUARE, NW3 notes to leave. Sir Sigmund hands me photo­ A Case in Medieval England copies of articles about him and his work that We offer a traditional style of have appeared in English and German papers. Actually 'trials' of Jewish doctors accused of religious service with Cantor, Perusing them at home I learn from the Wochen- plotting to murder a head of Government were by Choir and Organ presse that the list of his public functions takes up no means peculiar to Russia. In fact the most a quarter of a column in Who's Who. and so it notorious case occurred in medieval England does. Sir Sigmund is a Ring-Dealing Member of when a Marrano physician. Roderigo Lopez, was Further details can be obtained the London Metal Exchange, Lloyds under­ writer, chairman of CRU Holdings, director charged with plotting to poison Queen Elizabeth from our synagogue secretary I. After torture had obtained a "confession' Commodity Research Unit Ltd, Freeman of the (which was later withdrawn), he was hanged in Telephone 794-3949 City of London, member of the Court of Essex London in 1594. (The sensation created by the University, founder of the Economics and affair is believed to have inspired Shakespeare to Industry Committee of the Fabian Society, Minister: Rabbi Rodney J. Mariner write The Merchant of Venice.) Today it is beyond founder of the Sternberg Centre for the Study of dispute that the charge was trumped up, unsup­ Cantor: Rev Lawrence H. Fine Judaism, chairman of the executive of the World ported by any serious evidence. The Queen Council of Christians and Jews, treasurer of the Regular services: Friday evenings at 6.30 pm, British Council of Christians and Jews, Speaker herself was unconvinced, in fact she said she knew Saturday mornings at 11 am Lopez was innocent. But the manipulators ofthe of the London Rotarians, KCSG, JP. judicial assassinafion had aroused the people, and Religion school: Sundays at 10 am to 1 pm Clearly a man who has made his mark in many it was not easy to ignore the outcry against "the fields of eminently worthy human endeavour. Space donated by Pafra Limited vile Jew', that "perjured and murderous Jew RICHARD GRUNBERGER f|'K^?vft; Bi«iWiWHB!ways»^fe^S'"Jt'ag-^:"!ti:viwra^^3B^^p^ r-a»HBlK'giiX-ggSr:«TO^jty«; K-

page 10 AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1988 STAUFFENBERG HONOURED — AND DISHONOURED THE STORY OF PAUL MAAS To mark the 80th birthday of Count Stauffenberg. type lecture was delivered in a Luftwaffe barracks The life and work of the German Jewish scholar the man who led and perished in the attempt on by a retired theology professor in the Friesian of classical studies, Paul Maas, is presented by a Hitler's life in July 1944, a ceremony was held in town of Aurich. In his address to 300 officers and West German scientist. Professor Eckart the Federal Chanceller's office where several civilians, Walter Bodenstein denounced the fam­ Mensching, of the Technical High School, Berlin, speakers vindicated the character of one who was ous declaration of Germany's guilt made in in a volume entitled Uber einen verfolgten deulsc- sometimes accused of having broken his oath of Stuttgart by spokesman of the Protestant Church hen Altphilologen: Paul Maas 1880-1964 (Berlin. loyalty. Chancellor Kohl quoted as the core of in 1945. Because those repentant Christians had 1987. 140 pp.). Stauffenberg's legacy' what he had said shortly described Hitler's defeat as a "liberation', he Maas was professor at Konigsberg University. before his death: "We want a new order which abused them as "Allied agents' in Germany's After his dismissal in 1934. in spite of protests by, gives all Germans a share in the polity to which re-education. A number of clergyman present his colleagues, he refused to make preparations they belong and guarantees them a life according walked out in protest. The divisional commander. for leaving Germany on the ground that he 'could to law and justice'. The members ofthe anti-Nazi Major-General Karl Sasse. expressed regret at not be a deserter' (he never felt any particular resistance had acted from 'a profound love of the occurrence, and his chief of staff. Colonel Jewish allegiance). It was, oddly enough, an their Fatherland", aware of their "responsibility Klaus Potsch, said: "If I had known the contents, English disciple of his. none other than Mr. for the freedom and dignity of man'. we would not have given Bodenstein a platform'. Enoch Powell, who, in 1939, persuaded him to Some resentment was caused when a neo-Nazi come to England (he actually obtained a visa for him). Even then Maas hesitated and it was not until it was almost too late, on 31 August 1939, that he travelled on what must have been the last RUTH REWALD'S BOOKS FOR CHILDREN passenger boat to leave Hamburg for England.

A documentation shortly to be published on the Kruger found it. He has now arranged for it to be hfe of a little known German-Jewish authoress. published in Cologne. Ruth Rewald {1906 Berlin to 1942 Auschwitz) has The Frankfurt Archiv Bibliographia Judaica Synagogen in Baden-Wiirttemberg: Zeugnisse been compiled by a German academician. Dirk which is involved in this operation is also holding jiidischen Glaubens is the title of a new book by Kruger, of Gesamthochschule Wuppertal. an exhibition on the life and work of a Frankfurt Joachim Hahn, a Stuttgart Protestant theologian Rewald wrote several children's books between educationalist in exile'. Hans Weil (1898-1972). (Stuttgart. 134pp. and 110 illustrations). The 1929 and 1934. With her husband Hans Schaul, a publishers are the Baden-Wiirttemberg Ministry solicitor, whom she had married in 1929, she of the Interior. The author is planning another emigrated in 1933 to France. There she wrote MARY GEROLD-TUCHOLSKY documentation on Jewish cultural monuments in another children's novel, Janko, Der Junge aus Mary Gerold-Tucholsky whom Kurt Tucholsky the region. Mexiko, also Die Kinder aus China and after a trip married in 1924 and divorced in 1933 (though he to Republican Spain in 1937, a novel Vier kept corresponding with her) died in Kreuth, Spanische Jungen. which, however could not be Bavaria, aged 89. She was joint editress of his printed as meanwhile the Germans had occupied collected works and administrator of the A book on the Jews of Giessen recently appeared Paris. In July 1942, Rewald was arrested by the Tucholsky archives in Rottach-Egern. In 1962 in its fourth, enlarged edition — Die jiidische Gestapo and deported to Auschwitz where she she published, under the title Unser ungelebies Bevolkerung Glessens 1933-1945. The author is perished. TTie manuscript of Vier Spanische Leben, a documentary volume containing 326 Dr. Erwin Knauss, head ofthe Giessen Municipal Jungen was, however, preserved, deposited in the letters addressed to her, among them Kurt's last Archives. The publishers are the Commission for Potsdam Central State Record Office where letter before his suicide in 1935. the Historv of Jews in Hesse. Wiesbaden.

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R O -. (ELECTRICAL , ^«. FOR THOSE YOU CARE MOST ABOUT ANTIQLE . Ol O. INSTALLATIONS) LI U. FLRNITLRE 199b Belsize Road, NW6 AND OBJECTS 624 2646/328 2646 Springdene BOLGHT Members: E.C.A. A modern nursing home with 26 yrs of excellence in health N.I.C.E.I.C. care to the community. Licensed by Barnet area health Good prices given authority and recognised by BUPA & PPP. HYDROTHERAPY & PHYSIOTHERAPY WHY NOT , provided by full time chartered PETER BENTLEY cares physiotherapists for inpatients and ADVERTISE IN AJR outpatients. ANTIQLES INFORMATION? SPRINGDENE 55 Oakleigh Park North, Whetstone, London N.20 Please telephone 01-446 2117 22 Connaught Street, London, Vil the Advertisement Dept. SPRINGVIEW 6-10 Crescent Road, Enfield. Our completely new Tel: 01-7239394 purpose built hotel style retirement home. All rooms with bathroom 01-483 2536 en-suite from £245 per week. 01-446 2117. AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1988 page 11 David Maier the manifestations of ignorance, indifference or hostility of onlookers, taxi drivers or shop assis­ tants. Not that all who became witness to her A Patient's View of plight were uncaring: quite a few went out of their way to offer help in order to rescue her from the more unpleasant consequences of an unheralded COMING TO LIVE WITH EPILEPSY attack while she was out walking or shopping. Sue Usiskin has set herself the task of coping with the illness, under whose shadow she has Sue Usiskin is a 'child of Jewish refugees". She She left the shelter of her parental home and lived for most of her life, not least so that she was born in London of parents who came to established herself in a small terraced cottage in might help others similarly placed to come to England in the mid-thirties — her father from Hampstead. She applied herself to her studies, terms with their problems in the same positive Leipzig, her mother from Berlin. One of her obtained a diploma and started to work as a way. She and herchilden have taken part in radio great-great-uncles was Alfred Neisser whose dis­ freelance fashion designer. She married a and television programmes on epilepsy. She is covery of a cure for one of the venereal diseases friend from her college days and has had two often asked to lecture groups of doctors, nurses made medical history. Now she, too, has made a children. and medical students. She has participated in contribution to medical literature: she is co­ She is conscious that she imposed a burden on conferences and symposia and given talks to author (with David Chadwick) of a new book her children when they were small, but she can teachers and pupils. She knows that she has been entitled Living with Epilepsy (published by Mac­ point with some pride to the commonsense way in fortunate in having a devoted husband, loving donald Optima in the Positive Health Guide which they, too, 'lived with' her problem with an children, a caring family and good friends. But series. April 1987. Illustrated. 128pp. £4.95). She understanding and self-reliance well in advance of she believes that she has also had something else holds no degrees, has had no training in medicine their age; so that they could unhesitatingly take going for her. "Being Jewish and brought up in a or nursing. But she is eminently well qualified to charge of events if she happened to be overcome refugee family had already set me apart. Sufferers speak on the subject, for she has herself suffered by a seizure in their home or, more importantly, from epilepsy, too, are "strangers on the shore" from epilepsy since adolescence and has come to in public, helping to avoid her being exposed to of normality and I was prepared.' live with it in her own remarkable way.

As the title suggests, the book seeks to per­ suade patients and their families that it is entirely possible to live "an active, enjoyable and rela­ tively unrestricted life' in spite of epilepsy. Its A PURPOSEFUL LIFE message is directed at the up to one per cent of the population actually afflicted by it and at all those Sir Claus Moser's Interests and Beliefs who. by commitment or accident, are called upon the help a victim in the face of often distressing St Swithin's Lane, close to Bank Station, is a instance in connection with the Haifa Technion.' symptoms. Dr. Chadwick describes these narrow thoroughfare that evokes the City of 'Are you a Zionist?' 'No, I support Israel to the symptoms, explains the background of the illness, Dickens' days. It briefly loses its canyon-like hilt, but I beheve that Diaspora Jews have a great illustrates the various types of disorder, discusses appearance where the concourse in front of New contribution to make.' Court creates a sense of space. The spacious diagnosis and treatment and evaluates the out­ Sir Claus sees the Jewish contribution to glassed-in lobby of New Court, head office of look for cure and for improved control. contemporary Britain mainly in the arts. Covent Rothschilds, is adorned with two huge frescoes. Garden, for instance, which pre-war only played One, neo-classical, depicts Moses and the Israel­ ,Sue Usiskin tells her story with directness and a seasons, now stages five hundred performances a ites in the wilderness — the other, Regency style, simphcity which reinforces its impact. She records year; he attributes this to a change in the cultural shows the founder of the English Rothschilds en how she has coped with her problem — from the climate in which Jews played some part both as famille. time of her first attack in her school's art studio to artists and patrons. the present when, at the age of 38, she faces recurrences at more or less frequent intervals. The lift takes me to the office of Sir Claus Reference to changes in the climate prompts Over the years she has overcome the difficulties Moser, deputy chairman of the bank. Accus­ me to raise the question of antisemitism in of adjustment to heavy medication, has grappled tomed, from TV, to seeing him in formal evening Britain. 'I never encountered any — either at with inevitable side effects. When, at school, she wear I am — illogically — surprised to find him LSE, the Statistical Office, the Royal Opera, the tended to lose concentration, she tried harder and dressed in a light grey suit. He is unstuffy in other Cabinet Office, or my Oxford College. However, gained seven '0"-levels and a place at art college. ways, too: when a phone call interrupts our a little while back, TV showed a programme conversation, he mutters an expletive. The inter­ about me. Entitled A Full Life, it drew a sizeable ruptions continue: it is the day when the name of jrostbag. Most letters were friendly, but some Sir Claus' successor as chairman of the Royal contained antisemitic filth. What is more, since Opera is announced. Sir Claus Moser held the the Lebanon War it has become OK again to chairmanship for an unprecedented thirteen make antisemitic jokes at smart dinner parties'. JJai(2lkiiiaim years, and served on the board for the previous 'How do you react to these manifestations?' 'In ten. I ask if leaving Covent Garden will be a various ways. The other Sunday I scored a historic wrench. He smiles 'Oh, I shall still go there — if I first at Oxford. As Warden of Wadham College, I can afford the price ofthe seats!' He turns serious: asked Rabbi Hugo Gryn to preach a sermon —on associates 'Even now forty per cent of all seats sell at £12 or the Holocaust — in chapel before a congregation Chartered surveyors, under, but I know we're stuck with the Rolls and of four hundred undergraduates .... After what valuers and estate agents black ties image; there's nothing anyone can do happened to be a passive Jew is unacceptable.' about it'. The phone rings again. I take a hurried leave. As I 26 Conduit Street recrosss the spacious lobby, with the last sentence London Wl R 9TA I inquire if, with more time on his hand, he will still ringing in my ears, something clicks into place take up some new interest. 'No — nothing new. Telephone 01-409 0771 Telex 8814861 in my brain: New Court was the address at the What I aim to do is increase my involvement in head of the letter that has gone down in history as Jewish causes such as the CBF; coming from the Balfour Declaration! We buy sell let value survey and manage Berlin I know what we refugees owe to Woburn commercial property for Clients House. I also want to do more work for Israel, for RICHARD GRUNBERGER page 12 AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1988 THE DANES' RESCUE ACTION IN 1943

On his recent State visit to Denmark, the Presi­ courageous. Rabbi Hertzberg properly mentions dent of Israel, Chaim Herzog, praised the Danes even "some Germans who were (so) revolted" that for what they had done during the war to save they helped the Danes. Jews by organising their escape to Sweden. It was But the greatest help the Danes received was a well deserved tribute and the noble deed should from their geography. The narrow strip of water WHERE ARE THE YOUNG never be forgotten. dividing their country from Sweden made it VOLUNTEERS? Many Jewish leaders have made this point and possible for them to put their decency into some have contrasted the Danes' action with practice — just as Britain's strongest defence in Sir — As a member of AJR I frequently see other Europeans' inaction. Rabbi Arthur Hertz­ 1940 was not only, perhaps not so much, the requests for volunteers for the Homes. Whatever berg, for example, a Vice-President ofthe World magnificent spirit of her people but rather the has happened to the Descendants of Jewish Jewish Congress, has written: 'When most of Channel, that 'moat against the envy of less Refugees? Where are they? Why are they not Europe collaborated with the Nazis — or. at best, happier lands". coming forth in droves to help with the hundred- was silent — a whole society, the Danes, behaved This — in both Britain's and Denmark's case — and-one jobs that are crying out to be done? with honour'. This is true but it is less than fair to was a favour denied to all other good men and Osmond House particularly needs help. The 'most Europeans'. true, surrounded as they were by the enemy, life-blood of voluntary service is the younger A summary judgement like this needs to be land-locked or hemmed in by the sea. How was it generation. Come along, young people, pull qualified because it ignores the circumstances in practically, realistically, possible for them to save yourselves together and HELP! which the Danes were able to act. They were not the persecuted on anything like the Danish scale? 1446 Princeton Street (Mrs.) PAULINE TODD the only people prepared to 'behave with It is all very well to be good, but unless we are Sa. Monica, California honour'. No one people alone is so endowed. In born to be martyrs or heroes, which few of us are, * fact we know of many 'righteous among the everything must depend on the practical condi­ John bunstan. chairman of ACJR, writes: /^notv nations' whose memory is deservedly kept by the tions permitting us to transform good intentions Pauline Todd, of course, from visits to Osmond State of Israel, and almost certainly there are into saving action. House over the years, and her total dedication to many more we do not know. If we were to single her work for the home is legendary. We also feel out the Danes on this score, we would be doing an that within the membership ofthe A CJR there must injustice to others no less decent, honourable and be a potential pool of helpers. The willingness to JACK'S EARLY CAR help is undoubtedly there. However, the main SERVICE problem is the time of day al which help is 959 6473 normally required. Week-ends remain the only practicable possibility, and clearly other regular commitments also take place then. However, we ISRAELI EMIGRANTS IN U.S.A. will certainly respond to Pauline's plea, and hope Heathrow & Luton £13 that some volunteers come forward. The Israeli emigrants (yordim) in U.S.A. are the Gatwick & Southend £25 It should perhaps be pointed out also that a subject of a book due to appear soon by a Brighton £30 number of ACJR members already help in ways Professor of Tel Aviv University, Moshe Eastbourne £35 they are best able to, e.g. by making music Shokeid, who spent two years among his country­ Bournemouth £40 privately with individual members; by entertaining men in New York. He found them a prosperous at the Day Centre; by bringing groups of school but lonely community, unable to be part of SPECIAL CARE FOR THE ELDERLY musicians to perform at Osmond House (annu­ American Jewry because they have a guilt feeling EVERYONE LEGALLY FULLY INSURED ally) in fact or Heinrich Stahl House (31 January that they ought to be at home. They explain their Please book in advance and 6 March 1988 being the next two visists), and presence in America as somehow accidental and perhaps in olher ways loo. But for professioinal claim to be planning an eventual return to Israel. working people, however much they may wish to One result of this guilt feeling is that they do not When Torturers Claim help, it is difficult to take on regular daytime mix with each other: though there are tens of 'DUE OBEDIENCE' TO 'SUPERIOR commitments of the type needed, or indeed of any thousands of Israelies living in New York, there is type. As Ludwig Spiro once said, the regularity is no Israeli 'community' in the way there are other ORDERS' of fundamental importance. Notwithstanding the ethnic communities. As for American Jews. 'Superior Orders' was an excuse frequently used difficulties, we wdl have another go! Shokeid says, they 'relate to Israelis as symbols by those involved in Nazi crimes against human­ but not as human beings. They want to see them ity. But the excuse is not of course confined to INVITATION TO AUSTRIAN JEWISH as heroes in the Israeli army . . .' Germans. It was also heard in Argentina when DOCTORS The number of Israelis living abroad is esti­ the torturers under the military dictatorship were Sir — Former Austrian medical doctors who mated at 350,000; they include people working in called to account. While the principal leaders of found refuge in Britain have been invited by the embassies, Jewish Agency emissaries and the regime who sought to suppress 'subversion' by President of the Austrian medical Association, students. In Los Angeles alone there are about making people 'disappear' were duly sentenced Professor Dr. Spitzy. to come to Vienna and 80,(K)0. after trials which were regarded as a 'warning to attend the Association's Annual General Meeting The Israeli Army radio station Galei Zahal those who abuse political power', about 1,700 there on 18 March 1988. This invitation is broadcast a series of 20 anti-emigration pro­ cases of second rank military personnel were extended also in connectioin with the SOth grammes. At the same time, some American allowed the defence of 'due obedience" which anniversary of the Anschluss. Jews, especially in California, have embarked on granted virtual immunity to all but the most I do not know Professor Spitzy personally but drives to integrate resident Israelis into the senior officers on the grounds that they were was approached on his behalf and with his general Jewish community. This in turn has "obeying orders'. authority by a mutual friend in Vienna. Those created some disappointment among Israeli offi­ In a special report (Argentina: The Military interested please write to Prfoessor Dr. Spitzig at cials who feel that they and American Jews work Junta and Human Rights. London. November this address: Gesellschaft der Arzte Wien. 1090 at cross purposes. Among the yordim again it is 1987), Amnesty International warns that "future Wien. Frankgasse 8. argued that little can be done to attract a would-be torturers may be encouraged to believe 6-8 The Street GEORGE CLARE substantial number of them unless there is a that their crimes, too, will be covered by a Dalham, Suffolk change in basic conditions within Israel itself. subsequent ""due obedience" law'. AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1988 page 13 Art Notes by Alice Schwab tion of his work was recently held at the Sternberg Centre and included many fine pieces, including Adam and Eve lent by the Ben Uri. WEIGHTY CATALOGUES Tamara Katz and Steffa Reis have recently been showing works at the Pauline Podbrey Gallery. Steffa Reis was born in Berlin and came his is the month of big volumes—catal­ accompanying heavy-weight catalogue has a to England in 1937. but emigrated to Israel in ogues seem to get larger and larger, too detailed essay by Norman L. Kleeblatt describing 1957. She has had more than 25 exhibitions in Tlarge even to fit into ordinary bookshelves. the horrendous series of events, and this is various countries and is a member of the Zefat First, a volume that came to me by courtesy of the accompanied by a very large number of asso­ Artists Colony. German Embassy, Verfemte Kunst, Malerei der ciated illustrations, highly interesting if not of inneren und ausseren Emigration, published by particular artistic merit. Incidentally, a manu­ A new exhibition of works by Naum Gabo DuMont Buchverlag, Cologne 1986. This book script of Emile Zola's J'Accuse was offered for (1890-1977) is starting a tour at Oxford (until 7 arises out of the persecution of art by Goebbels sale by Sothebys in Monaco on 8 December. February). From there it goes to Newcastle (20 and the well-known exhibition of Entartete Kunst February-27 March). Hull (9 April-15 May), in 1937. Fifty years later, after an exhibition of Manchester (25 May-3 July), Birmingham (16 Innere Emigration in December 1984, Chancellor Charlie Chaplin July-4 September) and Glasgow (16 September- Kohl suggested that there should be a com­ Charlie Chaplin and his Friends was the title of an 23 October). prehensive survey of Verfemte Kunst. This vol­ amusing exhibition of works by Richard Ziegler Finally, for those who love wood engravings ume is the result and has been prepared by at Leinster Fine Art (until end of December). there is an opportunity to see the work of many Werner Haftman. Director of the National Gal­ Ziegler was born in Pforzheim in 1891 and artists in this field at Engraving, Then and Now, lery in Berlin 1967-74. with an introduction by immigrated to England in 1936. His work has the retrospective SOth exhibition ofthe Society of Chancellor Kohl himself. One of the important been widely shown including an exhibition Wood Engravers at Sothebys (4-15 January). aspects of this beautifully produced and illus­ Richard Ziegler zum 95. Geburtstag in Berlin in trated book is the differentiation drawn between 1986 and at the Kunst im Exil exhibition in innere and dussere emigration, i.e. between those London in the same year. who remained in silent suffering and those who The Camden Arts Centre was showing (until 15 emigrated. December) works by Ernst Neuschul (1895- John Denham 1965), his wife Christel Norland and his son Khalil Another weighty tome is the catalogue of the Norland. Ernst was born in Bohemia and studied SiGallery Age of Chivalry exhibition at the Royal Academy at the Berlin Academy. Later he became director (until 6 March 1988). There are so many treasures of the Kunsl-Hochschule. Charlottemburg. and 50 Mill Lane, West Hampstead to be seen in this exhibition, and gloated over chairman of the Novembergruppe. He was highly London NW6 1NJ 01-794 2635 subsequently in the catalogue, that it is difficult to recognised as one of the foremost painters of make a choice. In the room devoted to kingship is Social Realism. I wish to purchase paintings the oldest existing royal crown of England, part of and drawings by German, the dowry of Henry V's daughter Blanche, which Austrian or British Artists, probably originally belonged to Anne of Bohe­ Camille Pissarro pre-war or earlier, also paintings of Jewish interest. mia, wife of Richard II. And then to the second Camille Pissarro (1830-1903), the famous progeni­ room with the Hereford World Map, with Jeru­ tor of a family of artists, was born on the island of salem as its centre and the British Isles tucked St Thomas, then part of the Danish West Indies away in the bottom lefthand corner—something where a small Jewish community had flourished to think about! The craftsmanship of this period since 1665. He first came to Paris at the age of ANDRE DEUTSCH'S in all its aspects defies description and the twelve, but finally settled there in 1885 to become 70th BIRTHDAY catalogue (price £17.95) has everything—except, 'the father" of French Impressionism. A small The 70th birthday of publisher Andre Deutsch as one critic points out, a set of wheels needed to volume Camille Pissarro and the Crystal Palace (see 'A Chat in Bloomsbury': AJR INFORMA­ push it round. by Nicholas Reed has recently been published. It TION, March 1987) attracted widespread atten­ reproduces many of the pictures, some of them tion. The Guardian carried an interview which very familiar, which Pissarro painted in and The Edwardians—and Dreyfus despite its length contained some interesting around South London; happily juxtaposed are evasions: the term refugee did not occur till the contemporary photographs of the same scenes. The third of the big catalogues is that of The end. the word Jew not at all. Deutsch was This is an interesting and well-produced book, Edwardian Era at the Barbican (until 7 Febru­ described — in his own words — as Hungarian- but somewhat nostalgic for South London ary). The exhibition (and its massive catalogue) Swiss and as someone who came to eve-of-war residents when comparing the 'then' and the explores art and society during that era. There are Britain in search of liberal values. His Jewishness 'now'. over a thousand exhibits with over 300 paintings, was only referred to in code, as it were. Ques­ including "Jews Mourning in a Synagogue' by tioned about all the publishers — Maxwell, Zsuzsi Roboz was born in Budapest and came William Rothenstein. Weidenfeld, Hamlyn, Neurath — who shared his to London in 1947, studying at the Royal Central European background, he gave the gnos­ The Dreyfus Affair is perhaps an odd subject Academy School and then with Annigoni in tic reply that the Government ministers Lawson, for a major exhibition, but the Jewish Museum in Florence. She has had many one-, two-man Young and Brittan all had Baltic antecedents. New York has done just that: The Dreyfus Affair: exhibitions and her work is represented in many Art, Truth and Justice (until 15 January). The public galleries. Recently (until 6 December) she The matter was treated differently in an had an exhibition of drawings Music Makers in Observer profile. Although here too the word the Royal Festival Hall. Clever portraits of •Jew" remained unspoken, there were references Annely Juda Fine Art seventy artists were included in the exhibition, to Deutsch's chutzpah and to an uncle's death in 11 Tottenham Mews. London W1P9PJ including Solti, Perlman, Previn, Ashkenazy, the gas chambers. The Observer was also more 01-637 5517 8 Oistrakh. Ogdon, Mehta. informative about refugee publishers, describing CONTEMPORARY PAINTING Bela Horowitz of Phaidon Press and Walter AND SCULPTURE The sculptor Fritz (Fred) Kormis (1897-1986) Neurath of Thames & Hudson as 'scholarly Mon-Fri: 10 am-6 pm Sat: 10 am-1 pm was an old friend whose work has often been specialists who transformed the printing and mentioned in these columns. A memorial exhibi- marketing of art books in the country'. page 14 AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1988 A GERMAN ON THE DREYFUS AFFAIR PLEASE NOTE An exhibition organised by the New York Jewish thought him guilty. Some of the press cartoons Museum on "The Dreyfus Affair: Art, Truth and are said to have rivalled the Stiirmer. In fact, the OUR NEW ADDRESS Justice' (see Art Notes, p. 13) suggests to a FAZ writer remarks, the German visitor to the German press reporter that 'antisemitism is not exhibition cannot help being struck by 'the malice for once could be seen a different aspect of the only a German phenomenon'; it demonstrates, he with which the anti-Dreyfusards treated their 'German-Jewish symbiosis" which it was the says, that "even France, the first European Jewish fellow-citizens as if they were the Fifth fashion today either to deny completely or to country to grant the Jews equal rights was by no Column of the hereditary enemy' (Germany). regard as a mistaken idea. It seems indeed means immune to fits of racial hatred'. Among The correspondent quotes from a then popular difficult to understand how a presumably edu­ the more than 500 exhibits, a New York corre­ play (L'autre danger) a typically wild accusation cated person — a German on top of it — can put spondent of the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeilung that 'Prussia and Israel have joined forces", and the idea of a 'German-Jewish symbiosis' notes the interesting alignment of French opinion he adds to it the surprisingly silly comment that (whatever we may think of it) on the same level as at the time: Monet and Pissarro defended Drey­ here the antisemitic lies which accused French Jews of fus, while Cezanne, Degas, Renoir and Rodin sympathy for the German enemy.

FAMILY EVENTS Miiford:—Mrs Alice Milford was 75 Abrahamson, passed away 3 Decem­ References essential. Tel: 01-450 Entries in this column are free of on 21 December and not 80, as stated ber 1987 in Coventry. Sadly missed 3905. charge, but voluntary donations in our December issue. by her sister-in-law Trixi Abraham- WANTED live-in caring companion, would be appreciated. Texts should Rosenstock:- Mrs. Susanne Rosen­ son, family and friends. 55-60. for elderly lady. Light duties, reach us by 10th of the preceding stock will celebrate her 80th birthday Aron:—Lily Ruth Aron died peace­ preferably German speaking. Refer­ month. on 23 January. She was one of the fully on 15 November 1987 after an ences essential. Phone 205 6770. earliest staff members of URO. first illness courageously borne. Deeply Birthdays as an administrator and later as a mourned and sadly missed by her Miscellaneous Benjamin:—Belated most cordial legal adviser. Her many friends in the husband Henry, son David, daughter REVLON MANICURIST. Will visit congratulations on her 90th birthday AJR join her family in extending to Susan and daughter-in-law Pamela, your home. Phone 01-445 2915. to Miss Kaethe Benjamin, a dear her cordial congratulations and affec­ and all her many friends. ELECTRICIAN. City and Guilds loyal member. The AJR Club. tionate greetings. qualified. All domestic work under­ Lester:—To our dear father and CLASSIFIED taken. Y. Steinreich. Tel: 455 5262. father-in-law Henry Lester, who cele­ Marriage 77te charge in these columns is SOp WOULD ANYONE interested in brated his 76th birthday in December Russell-Fisher:- The marriage has for five words plus £1.00 for starting a group for people aged — wishing him "Long Life and Many taken place on 3 December 1987 in advertisements under a Box No. To 40-45, of German, Austrian or More". Ruth and Rene. Glasgow of Eddie, only son of Mar­ save administrative costs, please Czech descent, please reply to Box garet Russell and the late Edward enclose payment with the text of your No. 1129. Russell to Helen, only daughter of advertisement. Kurt and Inge Fisher. Situations Vacant Diamond Wedding LIVE-IN COMPANION sought by MARIGOLD HOUSE HOVE SUSSEX Rockwell:—Congratulations to Mr. elderly Jewish lady to cook and shop. ORIENTAL and Mrs. C. Rockwell on your No domestic work. Adequate A family home adjoining sea Diamond Wedding. The AJR. remuneration. Phone 452 9252. front offers accommodation RUGS HOUSEKEEPER / COMPANION, for active retired people. Full Bought, and Deaths able to cook, required by recently care and attention. Short stay Sold Abrahamson:—Annemarie Abra­ widowed gentleman. Own room, use En-suite facilities available. hamson, wife of the late Dr. Fritz of car. North West London area. Near shops and buses. • Saturdays and Wednesdays Stalls outside York Arcade, 80 Islington High St, Nl. Tel. 0273 771957 (Opp Jet Liverpool Rd and IRENE FASHIONS Upper Street) 9 Sundays formerly of Swiss Cottage Stalls outside 21 Chalk Farm FOR FAST EFFICIENT FRIDGE Road, NWl. Available from size 10 to 48" hips. & FREEZER REPAIRS • Mondays, Tuesdays and Fridays 7-day service Visit our stockrooms any time SALE NOW ON. DONT MISS All parts guaranteed by arrangement THIS OPPORTUNITY!!! DETAILS J. B. Services 01-267 1841 For an early appointment kindly ring before 11 am Tel. 202-4248 5-9 pm or or after 7 pm 346 9057. before 8 am until 9 pm • Repairs undertaken 'SHIREHALL' ANTHONY J. NEWTON Licenced by the Borough of Barnei Home for the elderly, convalescent and &C0 incapacitated * Single rooms comfortably appointed SOLICITORS * 24-hour nursing care SALES & REPAIRS 22 Fitzjohns Avenue, Hampstead, NW3 5NB ' Excellent cuisine Television - Videos - Aerials - Radios - INTERNATIONAL LAW AGENTS * Long and short-term stay Stereos- Electrical Appliances with Offices in: EuropeJersey USA NEW & SECONDHAND TVs/VIDEOS Telephone: FOR SALE SPECIALISTS in all Legal Work: Matron 01-202 7411 or Tel: 01-909 3169 Answerphone Conveyancing/Wills/Probate/Trusts/Company Administrator 078 42 52056 AVIS TV SERVICE and Litigation n Shirehall Park. A. EtSENBERG Hendon NW4 Telephone: 01 435 5351/01 794 9696 (near Brent Cross) AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1988 page 15 John Rossall But Rudi leads on even farther into the Carpathians, and Kafkaland appears on the horizon. For one thing, the Jews, on whose INTO THE LAND OF LOST SOULS sympathy and support they had been relying, have "mysteriously" disappeared. For another This book. To the Land ofthe Reeds, by Aharon really, by her husband, and here comes the first they are living from hand to mouth with Toni Appelfeld (Weidenfeld & Nicolson £9.95), is not complication: he was a gentile with whom she hardly able to maintain her serious addiction to a big one — 148 pages — as far as size is eloped, and who soon showed his brutal side — hot coffee. And Rudi has begun to booze — beer, concerned. Nor is it difficult to read. On the like the other Ruthenian 'peasants' towards backed up by huge peasant fry-ups whenever they surface it is pleasant and easy, almost a traveller's whom mother and son are now progressing. So can obtain them. tale. But. as those who have read Badenheim 1939 the loving son is half a 'Ruthenian', and he know. Aharon Appelfeld is out to warn the becomes more and more so as they advance Towards the end ofthe novel — novella, really, reader. For behind the spa in 'Badenheim' and eastwards. Civilisation is left behind, they acquire — the allegorical element seems to fall away. In the lovely landscape of the Bukovina and the horses and a wagon, and Rudi (the son) proves to Badenheim 1939 the author maintained it. In that River Prut the Land of the Reeds is lit up by the be a fine coachman. No Jew he — except that book one is not even sure that the "spa guests' fires of the Holocaust. We never see them (in Jewish law claims him. He accepts that, intellec­ were Jewish deportees. In 7"o the Land of the either book), we do not even smell them — but tually, but meets the challenges ofthe journey as Reeds it is clear that whole areas have been the reader must sense the lurking peril. Appelfeld his father would have done. This stuns his denuded of the long-settled Jewish population, tries to make the world — and most of all his mother, who has not watched him grow up with and the better-behaved-and-disposed peasants Israeli fellow-citizens — understand how people any great care, for she was an actress, a demi- and gendarmes shake their heads and shrug their slid into the disaster, unknowing, ununderstand- mondaine, whose latest lover has left her well shoulders and begin to mutter about "the trains'. ing, sometimes even welcoming ... at this stage. provided. The son knows, but, of course, he The journey through literary and real times resents even where he adores. comes to an end a few miles from Dratscincz. In "Badenheim' a harmless spa turns itself into Toni does not want to spring Rudi on her parents. some kind of a Theresienstadt, and then on to Gradually, as they progress deeper into Toni's Her own re-appearance would be shock enough. further deportation with the victims" full co­ homeland, reality begins to slip away. For one So Rudi stays behind and boozes himself sense­ operation give or take the odd "whinger'. In To thing the time factor is and remains out of kilter. less, until he wakes up to the fact that Mother has the Land of the Reeds . . . well, it's a 'journey to With realistic reckoning the journey, even by been gone "for some time". At first he resents this: the Prut" by a Jewish lady from Vienna, with her horse and cart, should have taken a few weeks at she has always abandoned him for her beaux to teenaged son, to her home town, Dratscincz (the most, and, although no actual time is ever maids, fat (kind) and thin (nasty). But eventually author himself was born in Czernovitz). mentioned, one has the impression that it took a year, perhaps two years. he begins to worry, the loving part of his nature Simple. A mother and son story, then. And so Toni both ardently desires and oppressively getting the better of him. it is, up to a point. With Vienna in the back­ dreads the meeting with the parents she deserted At this stage another myth — that of Orpheus ground, and the holiday mood possessing the two for her gentile lover, and for a succession of — peeps through, though with a variant. For this protagonists, one might be in Stefan Zweig gentile lovers and protectors after him. Rudi, the Orpheus is looking for Demeter — the Mother. country. The mother, Toni, is divorced, deserted fruit of her womb, more and more resembles his But he only encounters darkness: empty, gaping progenitor as they travel farther into his country. houses, Stygian gloom and devastation. In that The peasants frighten her Jewish sensibilities, but landscape he does find a Eurydice — in reality an he confronts them and they cringe before his escaped Jewish girl called Arna who nurses him higher-caste image of themselves. through a near-fatal illness. With her he sets out Appelfeld travels through the whole field of to find Toni-Demeter. From station to station Central European psycho-history by means of they wander; always their train has just gone, but Israel's 20th century European literature — sub rosa, as it they see plenty of "passengers" anxiously waiting Very finest Wines were. As Zweigland falls away, Sartreland makes to be taken to their 'destination'. They never find its appearance: mother and son spend a whole Mother, but they do find a place on a train — the winter snowed in, at an inn in almost existentialist two together. Appelfeld himself underwent some SHIPPED BY circumstances with a crowd of lost souls, Jew and of these traumas between the ages of eight and gentile. Toni nearly dies of typhus, the horses eleven, but managed to escape to the Russians, and eventually to Israel. HOUSE OF nearly perish. HALLGARTEN U'piY THE FRIENDS OF AKIM YARDEN and GAMLA U.K. Charity Commission Registered No. 241 458 AVAILABLE NOW ISRAEL ASSOCIATION FOR THE REHABILITATION OF THE MENTALLY HANDICAPPED Please write or phone for full information ABEQUESTTOAKIM

Would perpetuate your name in Israel and reduce the tax liability of HOUSE OF HALLGARTEN your estate. AKIM is non-controversial and non sectarian. 100% of 53 HIGHGATE ROAD any bequest goes to Israel: there are no deductions whatsoever. LONDON NWS 1RR Details from Hon. Treasurer: Leon Gamsa, 45 Brampton Grove, London NW4 4AH 01-267 2041 Telephone: (01)202 4022 (Space donated by Aldersgate Engineering Co. Ltd.) page 16 AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1988 Austrian Authors in Exile OBERAMMERGAU REFORMS Nearly all Austrian authors of any standing left their country at the time of the Nazi Anschluss. The producers of the Oberammergau Passion Suggestions that all the blame be put on the They remained productive in exile where they Play are getting ready for the next performance Roman Governor Pontius Pilate were not endor­ published under great difficulties, yet many of (in 1990). A Commission consisting of village sed since they could not be supported by refer­ their works have remained largely unknown in council members. Catholic and Protestant clergy ence to the Gospels which are to remain as the Austria. Only recently has an appreciative study and a few scholarly advisers including a Munich basis of the story. Consequently the character of of them appeared - Osterreichische Schriftsteller University Professor for New Testament studies, Pilate is to be redrawn. Whereas in the traditional im Exil. Wien 1986. Christian Brandstatter. has proposed some alterations in the text so as to version he had declared: 'Jesus is free from guilt', 309pp. Its author. Sylvia Patsch, has long been make it sound less antisemitic. Greater stress is to he now is to say: 'I can find no guilt in him', and studying this much neglected literature. be laid on the fact that Jesus was a Jew, so he is to whereas he used to say, washing his hands: 'So Having done extensive research at the universi­ be addressed as 'Rabbi', though again he is not to you force me to yield to your pressure', he now ties of Innsbruck, Cambridge and London, Ms. be so addressed exclusively and the title 'Master' tells his servant almost casually, 'I'll do as they Patsch received the Austrian State prize for is to be retained. wish'. Journalism. Her special interest and indeed affec­ Care is taken to make the controversy appear tion is devoted to the authors in exile. In her as an inner-Jewish affair. So Jesus is said to have The notorious passage 'His blood be on us and present volume she has included publications been condemned on a charge of 'blasphemy'. on our children' is to be regarded not as suggest­ both before the exile and after. Her aim is in ing a collective guilt of the Jews, but rather as the particular to acquaint the reader with such themes opinion of some, not all Jews. as persecution, loss of home and mother tongue, also the refugee's loneliness abroad. HAVE YOU MADE A proposal that Jesus should be shown as Among the better known names represented having been condemned not by the Synhedrion are Felix Braun. E. E. Kisch, Lilly Korber, A NOTE OF but by a small clique of traitors who had disap­ Robert Neumann. Manes Sperber, Hilde Spiel. proved of the people's enthusiasm for Jesus and Friedrich Torberg, Franz Werfel, Hermynia zur OUR NEW ADDRESS? sought to ingratiate themselves with the Roman Miihlen and Stefan Zweig. H. S. occupation power, was not adopted.

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