B.Baasannamjii and L.Bayasgalan. Mong.J.Agric.Sci. (2017) Vol.21 (02)

This article is published under the DOI: httpsDOI:://doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v21i02.9 https://doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v21i02.91212 Creative Commons CC-BY License.

ISSUES ON TOURISM AND RECREATIONAL CAPACITY IN KHANGAI NURUU

B.Baasannamjii* and L.Bayasgalan

School of Agroecology,Agroecology, Mongolian University of LifeLife Sciences, Zaisan- 17024,Ulaanbaatar, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The imbalances of development such as unequal benefits of the tourism, high migration from tourism undeveloped area, over-centralization in developed area are derived from the issue of the tourism development policy is not covered the whole region. Therefore the state and local organizations and administration of specially protected areas should take their consideration on sustainable development of the tourism with policy and planning in order to balance the benefits of local people, foreign and domestic travelers and entities, to give positive tendency of nature, to improve the protection and utilization of natural resources. The sustainable tourism, one of rapid developing and most appropriate types of tourism can be the large financial resources to improve the management of specially protected area, if implement the sustainable tourism in specially protected areas with appropriate policy and management.

KEY WORDS: natural resorts, travel, recreation, sustainable tourism and area capacity.

INTRODUCTION

According to the study of specially protected areas of of tourism because of their attractiveness to the countries around the world, the countries have been tourists and demands of sustainable development. In inheriting their natural resources, beauties, unique scope of the policy to primarily develop the recreation natural formations to the next generations, and and tourism activities in Khangai range which protecting such areas for purpose of providing the stipulated in “Sustainable Development of XXI need of recreation without damaging the areas. Such Century of Mongolia”, “Mongolian Concept of solutions have been creating the possibility of tourism Regional Development” and “Tourism Program of development in specially protected areas. We Khangai range of Mongolia”, it’s required to make intended to study and the tourism activities in accurate calculation on the natural resources specially protected areas of Khangai range and utilization and resources of recreation. determine the possibility of sustainable development

B.Baasannamjii and L.Bayasgalan. Mong.J.Agric.Sci. (2017) Vol.21 (02)

B.Baasannamjii and L.Bayasgalan. Mong.J.Agric.Sci. (2017) Vol.21 (02) DOI: https://doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v21i02.98512

MATERIALS AND METHOD

Our research team conducted the field study in June– Khangai range via GPS GARMIN etrex 30 and August, 2013-2016 along route of Ulaanbaatar-Tov- selected the observation points to make site survey. Uvurkhangai-Arkhangai-Bulgan-Tuv-Ulaanbaatar. We used observation, interview and questionnaire The natural resorts of Terkhi and Orkhon bottom land methods for the research. We used the methodology in Kharkhorin, Khujirt and Bat-Ulziitsoums of of N.N.Blaga (2003) the scientist of Russia, to Uvurkhangai province, , , determine the resources capacity of natural resort of Ikhtamir, Chuluut, , Khotontsoums of Terkhi and Orkhon bottom land, the main research have been selected as the object which is overloaded during the tourism season. research object and we made their assessment of To determine the density of recreationist’s uponan natural tourism utilization and resources and studied hour: the possibility of sustainable tourism development.  During the research we comparatively studied and ∑𝒊𝒊=𝟏𝟏 𝒅𝒅𝒊𝒊∗𝒕𝒕𝒊𝒊 analyzed the documents approved by the government, 𝑫𝑫𝒉𝒉 = 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐𝑫𝑫𝒉𝒉 = 𝒊𝒊=𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏 state and administrative organizations, materials from ∑ 𝒅𝒅 𝒕𝒕 +𝒅𝒅 𝒕𝒕 +⋯+𝒅𝒅 𝒕𝒕 National Conference of Tourism and Science We also used the methodologies𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 of N.A. Kumova Convention, research report, guidance, creation and (2004), L. Bayarkhuu (2004) and L. Bayasgalan information from websites, international experts, (2008) to make process on the research materials. researches and specialists. By the field study we determined the locations of tourism resources around

RESULT

Natural resort of Khorgo-Terkhi has great resources Kharkhorin and Khuvsgul. We determined the of forest recreation. The Natural resort of Khorgo- location of the points which high capacity of Terkhi locates in central zone of Khangai range and recreation in the natural resort of Khorgo-Terkhi, its landscape is combined by forest and mountain assessed the landscape types of land as high, highest, steppes and located in 2100-2500 m above the sea average and weak (Picture 1) and we calculated the level. The natural resort is located in the transiting stream and capacity of touists (Table 1). area of recreation alongside of highway connects

Figure 1. Landscape assessment of the natural resort of Khorgo-Terkhi

B.Baasannamjii and L.Bayasgalan. Mong.J.Agric.Sci. (2017) Vol.21 (02)

86 B.BaasannamjiiDOI: and L.Bayasgalan. https://doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v21i02.9 Mong.J.Agric.Sci. (2017) Vol.21 (02)12

Table 1 Result determined the congestion of tourism-recreation in KhorgoTerkh national park To determine the Locations of the object determined The average congestion of recreational capacity the congestion of tourism- recreation upon invariable № upon an hour at objects recreation and its high daysNdd= people.day/ Nh= *tpeople.hour/hec 𝐧𝐧 points/A.S.L / ∑𝐢𝐢=𝟏𝟏 𝐍𝐍𝐍𝐍𝐍𝐍 tare hectare 𝒉𝒉 𝐧𝐧 Khishig camp/N-48010,405’ 𝑫𝑫 1. 2,5people.hour/hectare 20people.day/hectare E-099048,842’, A.S.L 2078м/ IkhKhorgo camp/ N-48010,886’ 2. 6,5people.hour/hectare 52 people.day/hectare E-099048,624’, A.S.L 2047м/ Tsagaannuur camp/ N-48010,557’ 2,5people.hour/hectare 3. 20people.day/hectare E-099048,453’, A.S.L 2052м/ Terkh-Enkh camp/ N-48010,117’ 2,5people.hour/hectare 4 20people.day/hectare E-099047,076’, A.S.L 2057м/ Maikhantolgoi camp/ N-48010,774’ 4people.hour/hectare 5 32people.day/hectare E-099045,779’, A.S.L 2056м/ Khorgo camp /N-48012 ,264’ 6 2people.hour/hectare 16people.day/hectare E-099050,761’, A.S.L 2106м/ Eco ger-9 camp/ N-48011,067’ 7. 3,5people.hour/hectare 28people.day/hectare E-099048,345’, A.S.L 2055м/ 0 Eco ger-21 camp/ N-48 1015641 8 0 1,5people.hour/hectare 12people.day/hectare E-099 46,799’, A.S.L2056м/ Zaluus cave/ N-48010,372’ 22 people.hour/hectare 9 176people.day/hectare E-099048,619’, A.S.L2065м/ Sharnokhoin tam cave/N-48011,007’ 10 23 people.hour/hectare 184people.day/hectare E-099047,016’, A.S.L 2080 м/ Ovgonkhadstone/N-48010,898’ 11 15 people.hour/hectare 120 people.day/hectare E-099047,310’, A.S.L 2056м/ Khorgiintogoo volcano 0 12 /N-48 11,087’ 95people.hour/hectare 760people.day/hectare E-099047,076’, A.S.L 2180 м/ 0 Terkhiintsagaan lake/N-48 10,117’ 13 0 78 people.hour/hectare 624people.day/hectare E-099 47,310’, A.S.L 2057м/ Uurtiintokhoi mineral water/N-460 14 75 people.hour/hectare 600 people.day/hectare 53,468’,E-102022,469’,A.S.L 1666м/ Tuvkhun monastery/N-47000,846’ 15 53 people.hour/hectare 424 people.day/hectare E-102017,293’ A.S.L 1899м/ Temeenchuluu ancient crave mound 0 16 /N-46 52,840’,E-102020,717’, 25 people.hour/hectare 200 people.day/hectare A.S.L1656м/ Mogoit hot spa resort/N-46044,977’ 17 18 people.hour/hectare 144 people.day/hectare E-102013,842’, A.S.L 1849м/ Ulaantsutgalan falls/N-4647,192’ 18 101 people.hour/hectare 808 people.day/hectare E-101057,542’, A.S.L1809м/ Zayakhuree monastery/N-47028,833’ 19 32 people.hour/hectare 256 people.day/hectare E-101027,150’, A.S.L1709м/ Taikhar stone/N-47035,936’ 20 64 people.hour/hectare 512 people.day/hectare E-101015,197’, A.S.L1600м/ Chuluutgorge/N-48006,436’ 21 48 people.hour/hectare 384 people.day/hectare E-100017,802’, A.S.L1848м/ Zuunsalaa mod trees/N-48008,026’ 22 45 people.hour/hectare 360 people.day/hectare E-100016,447’, A.S.L1886 м/

B.Baasannamjii and L.Bayasgalan. Mong.J.Agric.Sci. (2017) Vol.21 (02)

B.Baasannamjii and L.Bayasgalan. Mong.J.Agric.Sci. (2017) Vol.21 (02) DOI: https://doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v21i02.98712

The plant grinding standard by A. Kostrovitskya less knowledge in sustainable tourism. According to scientist of Poland is 1 hectare=300 people, the the study, they have wrong impression that planting standard is 2.53 times greater in the natural resources trees, gardening, pavement installation and car of Khorgo-Terkhi, 2.08 times greater in the natural parking are the great landscaping works for the resort of Terkhi White Lake and 1.35 times greater in tourists. They are not implementing the environment the natural resort of Orkhon bottom land. It shows and sustainable tourism management for their work. that the areas will be overloaded in recent years. The The number of domestic tourists has been increasing local people and employees of the tourist camps have and 70% of total tourists are domestics.

DISCUSSION

There are several creations of Development of protected area should be the system that combines Tourism in Specially Protected Area by the scientists nature protection and utilization. And D. Dash said and researchers. B. Oyungerel, the researcher “The specially protected areas includes the sites with determined “The specially protected areas includes advantages of science, history, travel, and recreation the sites with advantages of science, history, culture and its required to protect the landscape, water, and beauty which completely or permanently freed plants, animals and other natural objects in the from the economical utilization in order to protect the specially protected area. The extension of specially environment and the specially protected area is the protected area is significant for providing the urgent essential section of the earth”. And she emphasized needs of recreation and protection of natural that the development of tourism in specially protected resources”. According to our study, it is clear that we area is needful and measurements for restricting the should implement the tourism in specially protected negative effects to the environment. M. Bilegsaikhan area without overloading and complying its capacity stated that “Rendering the tourism activities and with management, eco directions and policy of services in specially protected area is the complex sustainable development. The urgent issues of operation of management and organization which sustainable utilization of nature in tourism are directed to keep the beauty of nature and make the capacity of travel and recreation and its standard reputation of recreation and tourism up”. Therefore settings. he considers the land utilization system in specially

CONCLUSION

The standard is 2.53 times greater in the natural overloading of tourism. And it has bad effects to resources of Khorgo-Terkhi, 2.08 times greater in the endangered animals and plants in the area. Increase of natural resort of Terkhi White Lake and 1.35 times resource depreciation and disruption: Environment greater in the natural resort of Orkhon bottom land. It depreciation and disruption is derived from the rapid shows that the areas will be overloaded in recent development of road, transportation, communication years. That shows there are overloading. To develop and energy infrastructure which followed the the sustainable tourism in the natural resorts of development of tourism. To streamline the land Khangai range, we should take requirements to utilization of tourism in natural resorts around the establish the adequate tourist camps and decrease the Khangai range, we should make accurate study in number of tourist camps in natural resorts. To further. And it’s important to accurately consider the organize the tourism in less area (SPA) which are the social and economic issues of population basic resources of tourism, has following difficulties: aggregation, location of cities and towns, human Overloading of tourism resources: It has negative resources supply, land fund structure, management results of loss of natural formation, lifestyle and and road network. migration from their mother land, if there is an

RECOMMENDATION

The state and local organizations and administration the following activities for domestic and foreign of specially protected areas are required to implement tourists in order to develop the sustainable tourism: B.Baasannamjii and L.Bayasgalan. Mong.J.Agric.Sci. (2017) Vol.21 (02)

88 B.BaasannamjiiDOI: and L.Bayasgalan. https://doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v21i02.9 Mong.J.Agric.Sci. (2017) Vol.21 (02)12

 Provide the information of features and  Extend the cooperation between tour beauty of the nature and its sensitiveness to operators and local people (create the the tourists. supply except meat and milk supply B.Baasannamjii and L.Bayasgalan. Mong.J.Agric.Sci. (2017) Vol.21 (02)  Make demonstration for improvement of and horse riding) ecology education and knowledge. DOI: Improvehttps://doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v21i02.9 the participation of local12  Develop the infrastructure by constructing people on tourism  To study the satisfaction of tourists,  sunshades, recreation rooms, special sites for  Extend the cooperation between tour Provide the information of features and make demonstration and present its beafiringuty and of thecooking, nature landscapingand its sensitiveness routes and to operators and local people (create the pavements, road signs. importance. the tourists. supply except meat and milk supply  Make regulations to improve the 2. To develop the Agro Tourism:  Make demonstration for improvement of and horse riding) requirements for the cars for tourists.  Provide agro tourism activities to the ecology education and knowledge.  Improve the participation of local  Organize the local people under one herders and demonstrate the  Develop the infrastructure by constructing people on tourism management, prepare the local people who opportunities to connect their daily sunshades, recreation rooms, special sites for  To study the satisfaction of tourists, well knows their mother land as guide. life to the tourism and increase their firing and cooking, landscaping routes and make demonstration and present its  Mature the domestic travelers to protect their incomes, present the herding activity pavements, road signs. importance.to the tourists. mother nature. 2. To develop the Agro Tourism:  Make regulations to improve the  Organize the international exhibition  Develop the charge for entry to Specially  requirements for the cars for tourists. Provideand festivals agro tourismof meat, activities milk and to milk the Protected Areas.  Organize the local people under one herdersproducts theand natural demonstrate healthy foodsthe  Control the backpacking tourists. opportunities to connect their daily management, prepare the local people who and its importance in the region. And  Cooperate with tour operators and life to the tourism and increase their well knows their mother land as guide. increase the participation of state and  Maturepreservationists. the domestic travelers to protect their incomes,local organizations present the herdingand activityprivate We should take consideration on following issues to mother nature. toenterprises the tourists. to such activities. develop the sustainable tourism in specially protected  Organize the international exhibition  Develop the charge for entry to Specially  Increase the participation of banking areas around Khangai range: and festivals of meat, milk and milk Protected Areas. system and state policy for issuing 1. To develop the Community Based Tourism: products the natural healthy foods  Control the backpacking tourists. loans to develop the opportunities to  Demonstrate the sustainable tourism and its importance in the region. And  Cooperate with tour operators and welcome the tourists in herders site to local people increase the participation of state and  Specially develop the agro tourism in preservationists. Demonstrate the opportunities to local organizations and private We should take consideration on following issues to the tour operating activities, develop connect their daily life to the tourism enterprises to such activities. develop the sustainable tourism in specially protected I.Khatanbaatar et al.the Mong.J.Agric.Sci. agro tourism in (2017) less developedVol.21 (02) and increase their incomes  Increase the participation of banking areas around Khangai range: DOI: areas.https://doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v21i02.899 system and state policy for issuing  1. To develop the Community Based Tourism: loans to develop the opportunities to  Demonstrate the sustainable tourism welcome the tourists in herders site ACKNOWLEDGMENTSto local people  Specially develop the agro tourism in REFERENCE  Demonstrate the opportunities to the tour operating activities, develop FundingWe are verythis workthankful was toprovided all people by the and A LFABETfor help LANRES(Sciences Prague,Land and the Natural Czech Resources Republic Consulting, EU in connect their daily life to the tourism the agro tourism in less developed 1.(Erasmuswe “Developmenthave Mhad.undus andEspecially programAction increase-2) ofto theirproject tourismKhangai incomes and in theRange regions” project of 7.andcooperation “G Services)reen development with Company, IVM in- bookallowedUB, Mongolia. of national/ distributed to use areas. 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