Local Area Development Programme

Financed by the Implemented European Union by UNDP

Local Area Development Programme in Iraq

ANNUAL REPORT

Reporting Period 1 February 2016 – 31 January 2017

February 2017, Iraq Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 2

Table of Contents

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 7 2. BACKGROUND ...... 10 2.1. Features of the sector ...... 10 2.1.1. The process of local development in Iraq ...... 10 2.1.2. Target groups ...... 13 2.1.3. Beneficiaries ...... 13 2.2. Problems to be addressed ...... 13 2.3. Cross-cutting issues to be mainstreamed (Programme principles) ...... 14 3. INTERVENTIONS ...... 23 3.1. Overall objective ...... 23 3.2. Specific objectives, key results and activities ...... 23 3.2.1. Specific objective ...... 23 3.2.2. Programme purpose and key results ...... 23 3.2.3. Main activities ...... 24 Activity 1.1.1. Improve Governorate and Local-Level Sectoral Planning Capacities ...... 24 Activity 1.1.2. Build Capacity of Federal- and Regional-level Ministries of Planning and affiliated Bodies to sustainably support the local development planning processes...... 31 Activity 1.1.3. Alignment of Governorate level plans with National Development Priorities and Goals ...... 35 Activity 1.1.4. Support Outcome-based, Multi-Sectoral, Integrated Provincial Annual Development Plans linked to achieving National and SDG Priorities ...... 37 Activity 1.1.5. Improve Local Development Knowledge Management ...... 42 Activity 1.2.1. Improve budget execution processes in sector line directorates and Governor’s offices ...... 44 Activity 1.2.2. Support Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) ...... 45 Activity 1.3.1. Development of priority service delivery improvement plans...... 46 Activity 1.3.2. Implementation of urgent and innovative service delivery ...... 48 Activity 2.1.1. Establish a platform for dialogue and information sharing between national/regional and local government ...... 53 Activity 2.2.1. Establish frameworks for community participation in local-level planning and development processes ...... 56 Activity 2.2.2. Vulnerability mapping and assessment ...... 57 Activity 2.2.3. Enhancing participation of communities and vulnerable groups in local planning ...... 58 Activity 2.2.4. Strengthening the role of CSOs in advocacy and citizen participation ...... 62 4. ASSUMPTIONS ...... 63 4.1. Assumptions at different levels ...... 63 4.2. Risks and flexibility ...... 64 5. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS ...... 66 5.1. Organisation and implementation procedures ...... 66 5.1.1. National Advisory Committee ...... 66 5.1.2. Programme Management staffing ...... 66 5.1.3. Coordination arrangements ...... 67 5.1.4. Addendum ...... 68 6. VISIBILITY ...... 72 7. CONCLUSION ………………….………………….………………….………………….………………….………………….………………….……. 58

*Cover image: Reza Visual Academy Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 3

Attachments

Annex I Financial Report Annex II Provincial Steering Committees: Guidelines for the establishment in the Governorates, Confirmation of Steering Committee members and Basra Steering Committee and Technical Group order Annex III Conservation and Development Plan for the Historic Quarters of Basra: 5 Basra Panel Consultation Workshop reports and presentations, Introductory Presentation, Work Plan 2016-2017, Old Basra Conservation and Development Plan, Old Basra Project Brief (June 2016) Annex IV Sustainable Energy Action Plans (SEAPs): EU Covenant of Mayors (CoM) Overviews presentation, Inception report and Questionnaires, Deliverables (Report from Workshops 1 and Workshop 2, List of Participants, Agenda, Presentations: CoM Initiative, SEAP, Role of Non State Actors, Examples of National Finance Mechanism, Baseline Emission Inventory, Development of SEAP, Building Code, Efficient Appliances, Public Procurement, Renewable Energy, Urban and ICT), Templates (Action List, Action template, LA Building and Facilities List, Non-LA Building and Facilities List, List of Clinics, List of Public Schools, Street Lighting Data) Annex V Urban Expansion Plan in the Governorate of Missan: Urban Expansion Brief Qalat Saleh, Detailed Urban Development Plan for an Expansion Area in Maysan (January 2017), Planned Urban Extension Work Plan 2016-2017 Annex VI Community Based Strategic Planning Workshop, Provincial Development Strategy Workshop, December 2016: Workshop Report, Workshop Agenda, Training Materials in English and Arabic (Presentations: Local Planning Checklist, Mapping Areas of Concern, Strategic Issues, SWOT Analysis, Vision, Log frame, Citizen Participation, Participatory Workshop Checklist; Handouts: Local Planning Checklist, Strategic Planning flow chart, Goals Sectors, Areas of Concern, Problem and Goal Tree, SWOT Diagram, Log frame Tools, Toolbox, Citizen Participation, Community Participation, Citizen Participation Toolkit), Flipchart Summaries from 5 Governorates, and Feedback Report Annex VII Water, Waste and Wastewater Management: Inception Reports (September 2016) and Progress Reports (January 2017) Annex VIII National Urban Strategy (NUS) and Governorate Urban Strategies (GUS): Structural plans (Basra, Missan, Muthana, ThiQar), Strategic Urban Development Framework for Governorates in Iraq Part I & II, Indexes Relevant to the NUS (Review of Available Governorate Indicators), Summary of Indexes relevant to NUS, NUS Indicator Technical Brief, NUS-GUS Work plan 2016-2017, NUS-GUS Next Steps Participatory Planning 2017, NUS-GUS Participatory Process Annex IX Blog and Online Platform: Dashboard and snapshots Annex X Provincial Development Strategies: Inception Report (Report, Toolbox, LG structure, Profile of the Governorate v.1., Profile of the Governorate v.2., Strategic Planning process, Security Budget, Areas of Concern, Work plan, 3 Baseline Study guidance notes, Indicative structure of the PDS, Governorates Committees list); Deliverables (September Workshop report, List of participants, photos), Training materials (Strategic Planning flow chart handout, Local Planning Checklist handout, SWOT Analysis handout, SWOT Diagram handout, Refining the Vision handout, SWOT Analysis presentation, Log frame Problem and Goal Tree handout, Log frame Tools handout, Log frame presentation, Citizen Participation presentation, Citizen Participation handout) Annex XI Provincial Response Plans: Inception Report (Report, Vulnerability Needs Assessment, Areas of Concern, ToR Working Groups, Indicative Agenda for the 1st week of the Vulnerability Assessment, Indicative Structure of the Provincial Response Plan, Mission Report); Deliverables (Introduction presentation, 5 agendas), Training materials in English and Arabic Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 4

(Strategic Issues presentation, SWOT Analysis presentation, Log frame presentation, Local Planning Checklist handout, Strategic Planning flow chart handout, SWOT Diagram handout, Problem and Goal Tree handout, Log frame Tools handout); and Scoping Mission Report Annex XII Official Provincial Development Strategy Launches: Suleimaniah (Event report, press release); Dohuk (Event Report, Planting Event Phase I report); Erbil (Event report, agenda, Invitation, presentation, Media advisory) Annex XIII Human Resources Database System: Progress report (Jan 2016), Consolidated Report, Project Summary presentation (April 2016) Annex XIV Pilot Budget Execution Monitoring System: Municipal Finance Diagrams Progress Update and Tentative Municipal Finance Work Plan Annex XV “Clean in 1 Day Campaigns: “Clean KRI in One Day” Activity Report and Invitation to Participate; “Clean Missan in One Day” Activity Report Annex XVI Innovation Competition: Activity Summary in Report from official Provincial Development Strategy launch in Dohuk Annex XVII Innovation for Development: Action Plan 2016

Annex XVIII Student Innovation Competition on Sustainable Energy: Announcements (in English and Kurdish) and Poster Annex XIX Students’ competition for innovative playground design: Activity Summary and Selected Design Annex XX National Advisory Committee Meeting in Amman: meeting minutes, invitation letter and presentations Annex XXI Vulnerability Mapping: 3 Reports of Meetings on Developing Response Plans in Diyala (December 2016), Kirkuk (November 2016) and Salah al-Din (December 2016) Annex XXII Tree Plantation in Suleimaniah: Activity Report Annex XXIII Kreka’an Bazar: Activity Report, June 2016 Annex XXIV Information Conference on EU-Iraq Cooperation in Baghdad, June 2016: Agenda Annex XXV “Exile Voices” Exhibition in Dohuk: Activity Summary in Report from official Provincial Development Strategy launch in Dohuk Annex XXVI Signed Charter by Governorates Annex XXVII Visibility links and materials Annex XXVIII Photos and Videos

Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 5

Abbreviations

BIPAM Basra institutes of Public Administration and Management CBSP Community Based Strategic Planning CES-MED Cleaner Energy Saving Mediterranean Cities COEF Clean Organisation Environment Friends CSO Civil Society Organisation EU European Union GDTT Governorate Development Technical Team GDP Gross Domestic Product GHG Greenhouse gases GIS Geographic Information System GoI Government of Iraq GUS Governorate Urban Strategy HR Human Resources IAPP Integrated Annual Provincial Plan IDPs Internally Displaced Persons IFMIS Integrated Financial Management Information System IRFFI International Reconstruction Fund Facility for Iraq ISF Iraq Security Force ISIS Islamic State in Iraq and Syria KRG Kurdistan Regional Government KRI Kurdistan Region of Iraq LADP Local Area Development Programme LTA Long Term Agreement MoC Ministry of Culture MoCH Ministry of Construction and Housing MoE Ministry of Education MoElectricity Ministry of Electricity MoF Ministry of Finance MoH Ministry of Health MoLSA Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs MoMPW Ministry of Municipalities and Public Works MoP Ministry of Planning MoT Ministry of Transportation MoWR Ministry of Water Resources MSc Master of Science M&E Monitoring and Evaluation NAC National Advisory Committee NDP National Development Plan NGO Non-governmental organisation NUS National Urban Strategy Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 6

PMAC Prime Minister‘s Advisory Committee PDP Provincial Development Plan PDS Provincial Development Strategy PSC Provincial Steering Committee1 SBAH State Board of Antiquities and Heritage SDGs Sustainable Development Goals SEAP Sustainable Energy Action Plans SMART Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time bound SWOT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats TG Technical Groups UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNHABITAT United Nations Human Settlements Programme WM Waste management

1 In the previous report, PSC was an abbreviation for Project Steering Committee Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 7

1. Executive Summary

The second year of implementation of the Local Area Development Programme (LADP) for Iraq was intensive and reached its main targets, despite the challenges created by: (a) deteriorated security situation, presence of ISIS in some parts of the country, and ongoing military operations; (b) economic crises in Iraq caused by the significant drop of oil prices; (c) complicated access to Governorates and their respective administrations.

The main targets were achieved through the initiation of outcome-based provincial plans for 9 Governorates and 17 sectoral plans for almost all of the 12 Governorates covered by the programme.

Based on analyses of the dynamics and developments in Iraq and optimising spendings resulting in savings, an addendum for re-allocation of funds from human resources and administrative costs to activities, as well as 6 months no cost extension was requested.

The Programme aims at strengthening good governance in Iraq by improving delivery of public services through improved planning and implementation processes at Governorate level. In its conceptual approach and objectives, the Programme is intended to be implemented with provision of technical assistance to the Iraqi Governorates and other governmental bodies and capacity building by working in close cooperation with the respective administrations. Therefore, the success of the programme relies on mutual understanding with the Beneficiary institutions of the main principles which should be taken into account in the process of planning and implementation of local development actions. In this respect, all 12 Governorates signed Charter of Principles (Annex XXVI – Signed Charter by Governorates) at the beginning as a pre-condition for Governorates’ participation under the programme. In order to facilitate better understanding by the Governorates’ representatives of the principles and of how they would be embraced and enforced (and thereby ensure adequate level of commitment to them), continuous awareness raising activities were carried out throughout the reporting period. We believe that the sustainability of the programme strongly depends on the understanding and enforcement of the Charter of Principles by the Governorates.

The Programme design is based on a review of the Iraqi public sector, observing serious inefficiencies: starting with the limited institutional capacity and ineffective planning (due to nearly three decades of war, sanctions and international isolation) and more recently, the lack of political stability.

During the reporting period, the development of the Provincial Development Strategies (PDS) in the nine Governorates was initiated and intensified. Depending on the Governorate, and taking into account the current security situation in the country and challenging environment, there were two main approaches toward this process: for the regions most affected by the conflict with ISIS, plans focused on recovery and immediate needs; in the southern regions, a conventional community based strategic planning approach was adopted.

In conclusion, the second year of the implementation of the Programme provided a solid base for intensification of the activities toward achievement of the results related to planning and implementation of PDS. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 8

The level of commitment and interest to the EU-LADP by the main Beneficiary institutions is high at both Central and Governorate level. Furthermore, appreciation of the work was expressed in various forms with the main one being official request by the Federal Minsitry of Planning for extension of the programme. Map of Activities of EU-LADP in Iraq 2. Background

2.1. Features of the sector

2.1.1. The process of local development in Iraq

The process of local development in Iraq is fragmented; it faces numerous challenges mainly as a consequence of the war and post-war environment and the presence of ISIS in the country. We briefly describe the challenges and opportunities below:

Enforcement of Community Based Strategic Planning (CBSP) will address the Lack of coherent strategic framework for local planning. The current local development planning system in Iraq is neither systematic, nor institutionalised. The submission of provincial project lists – as opposed to fully developed strategic development plans – means that no systematic attempt is made to link investment expenditure to the achievement of larger strategic priorities at either the local or national levels. Similarly, no attempt is made to monitor or evaluate the impact of investment projects on the achievement of broader outcomes. This leads to a severe disconnect between investment spending and national policy development. While the current EU-LADP Community Based Strategic Planning will equip 12 Governorates of Iraq with comprehensive plans and feed the new National Development Plan 2018-2022, 6 other will remain far behind. The 6 Governorates, which are outside the scope of EU-LADP, received training on CBSP by the EU-LADP team furthering the request of the Federal Ministry of Planning. Development of CBSP Guidelines that will be adopted by the Federal Ministry of Planning as single methodology is a next step that will ensure consistency. Nevertheless, ensuring sustainability of this process, as well as to the implementation and monitoring and evaluation will be of vital importance for capacity of both central and local institutions.

Poor responsiveness of plans to local needs & lack of accountability to local communities. Planning in the past was neither consultative nor inclusive, and it did not adequately involve citizens. The Community Based Strategic Planning that is implemented under EU-LADP is an inclusive and participatory approach that considers the voice of the local communities through Provincial Steering Committees and public consultations. The concept of ‘Inclusivity’, ‘demand-driven’ services and accountability needs is fully incorporated into this methodology. Communities are typically excluded from the planning processes and their needs and aspirations not adequately incorporated in plans, undermining their long-term sustainability. Aside from promoting participatory approaches, EU-LADP-led initiatives and high-visibility activities contribute to the gradual rebuilding of trust between citizen and the authorities.

The central government to realistically equip municipalities to be ‘agents of change’. Given that economic growth in Iraq is expected to continue to be hampered by the fiscal constraints and projected low oil prices into 2017 and beyond, it has become crucial for the government to enhance fiscal management at the local level. While the current EU-LADP municipal finance initiative is assessing opportunities to widen the current municipal tax base by adopting more efficient methods and leveraging new resources in four pilot municipalities, the recommended approaches will need to be piloted so that lessons learned can contribute to the scaling up of revenue diversification and efficiency standards. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 11

The rehabilitation of urban heritage can become a pillar of the region’s overall growth-enhancing strategy. The conservation and development of neglected historic quarters offers not only the opportunity to enhance the rich culture of Iraq but also a solid source of jobs and revenue, contributing to the reduction of unemployment and poverty in cities. Having recognized that the main flaws of the numerous but ineffectual proposals and rehabilitation efforts that have been developed over the course of the past 20 years lies in the absence of a proper legal framework for urban heritage conservation in Iraq and the lack of a consensus on the future of the dilapidated shanasheel area, the urban planning initiative led by EU- LADP in Basra aims to provide a legal and upgrading roadmap that can be replicated in other historic quarters of the country.

Sustainable urban patterns and guided city growth contribute to improved socio-economic integration, inclusion and cohesion. Through its urban extension planning initiative, EU-LADP is addressing unsustainable urban sprawl trends and informal growth of cities. By advocating for the adoption of sustainable housing densities, mixed land use and social mix, and more realistic minimum plot standards, this initiative will promote more efficient service provision and the application of economies of agglomeration/scale. In turn this will help the local authorities to appreciate the role of urban planning in creating value and jobs at the local level, improving access to housing and services, enhancing social integration and environmental sustainability.

Lack of coordination and integration of planning processes. The existence of two parallel processes for the planning and allocation of capital investment resources – through sectoral and Governorate processes – and the absence of a clear process for the formulation of Provincial Development Plans and clear decentralisation, lead to overlaps in the roles and responsibilities of central and local government bodies. Integrated planning hinges on better inter-institutional coordination, the availability of reliable and up-to- date data as well as information sharing. The lack of systematic data collection and analysis remains the most significant challenge for the development and implementation of national and local plans and their future revisions. Also, conventional communication practices, the limited use of computers, limited internet coverage in governmental offices and a generic hesitation to adopt more dynamic coordination instruments in favour of paper-based correspondence formalities between government offices are increasingly unjustifiable in a context of rapid IT development – particularly in regards to data sharing. Improved inter-institutional cooperation, cross-fertilisation of experiences and the horizontal and vertical data mechanisms currently promoted by EU-LADP to assist central institutions pursuing integrated planning, will need to be consolidated further.

Weak capacity for budget execution, monitoring and evaluation (M&E). All local level institutions suffer from weak capacity to undertake data analysis implementation and oversight and M&E. Information is scattered, outdated and inconsistent in format and content which limits its usefulness to inform local planning or measure the effectiveness of development interventions. Implementation of local plans and investment projects is weakened by the lack of capacity. Monitoring is weak and unsystematic and only conducted at project level. In addition, monitoring is conducted by a range of bodies without coordination and in absence of processes to ensure that findings lead to corrective action. No evaluation is undertaken at either project or programme level, hindering any possibility of learning or continuous improvement. All this needs to be systematically addressed beyond the current EU-LADP. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 12

Local level priorities need to be reflected in yearly budget planning. While Master Plans are legally binding, Structure Plans and Provincial Plans are not. Because project lists are not prioritised or linked to planned strategic investments at either the local or national levels, the local authorities are unable to provide realistic justifications for their ‘estimate’ expenditure figures. The wide variances between ‘expected’ (based on the previous year’s budget), ‘estimated’ and ‘actuals’ are instead most often determined by the political influence of each individual governor. In the context of reduced development budgets across the board, EU-LADP is paving the way for the systemic prioritization of investment projects from the local level that allows the federal government to allocate better informed budgets.

Lack of systematic collation of municipal revenue and expenditure data. The use of different reporting templates – typically basic Excel ledgers, often not even electronically available – is cause of inconsistency across municipalities, making it extremely difficult for the central authorities and Governorates to monitor and track the performance of their municipalities. The lack of standardized, cross-sectional databases that can be queried contributes to the poor responsiveness of municipal budgets to local needs and the lack of accountability to local communities. Citizens are thus unable to hold government accountable on priority needs and expenditures per capita.

Addressing poor service delivery and lack of client orientation. Infrastructure investments and upgrading projects implemented at either sector or governorate level fall short of providing adequate access to essential services for all Iraqis. Service delivery remains poor. The initiatives promoted under EU-LADP showcase practical approaches and solutions that can help public administrations to improve accountability, service performance, attainment of service targets in response to realistic performance indicators and minimum service standards.

Additional stress on KRG service delivery due to influx of Syrian refugees and IDPs. More than half of Syrian refugees and IDPs in the region live outside of established refugee camps: staying with relatives, in rented housing or in makeshift accommodation in cities. Despite a relatively hospitable and at times selective response from the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) and local communities, most refugees still live in conditions that remain precarious. Continuous and considerable population influxes have put a great strain on the capacity of the KRG and neighbouring Governorates to provide basic services equitably and efficiently to all. Regional and Local Authorities should be supported to better integrate the efforts of all key stakeholders in a manner that is both responsive to people’s needs and complementary to KRG’s efforts. Correspondingly, Kurdistan Region Governorates should be assisted to improve inclusive, participatory and conflict-sensitive service delivery, while reinforcing coordination among humanitarian and development assistance actors.

Accepting the notion that a future rise and more equitable redistribution of oil revenues will not be sufficient to create sustainable development. To achieve a rate of growth of over the estimated 6% needed for economic recovery Iraq must restore the functional efficiency of its key cities. The Provincial Development Plans and National/Governorate Urban Strategies being drafted under EU-LADP emphasise the need for improved coordination and collaborative action between the national ministries, the governorates, and the city administrations, particularly the larger wealthier regions and urban nodes which drive growth and diversification of the economy beyond the oil sector. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 13

2.1.2. Target groups

The programme works with the Governorates’ administration and senior management, as well as the Federal Government of Iraq and Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG). For its technical deliverables related to urban planning and municipal finance, the programme works closely with municipality-level administration offices and utilities Directorates.

Other important actors are civil society organisations (CSOs) and community leaders in each of the programme’s target municipalities. The EU-LADP Online Platform aims at facilitating communication and info-sharing between the central and local administrations (explained broadly under Activity 1.1.3.).

2.1.3. Beneficiaries

The project targets the Iraqi local and national public administrations, which represent the main project beneficiaries. While the project objective is to improve public service delivery, the long-term result beneficiaries of this programme are the people of Iraq.

2.2. Problems to be addressed

 Unavailability of reliable and up-to-date data. The lack of systematic data collection and analysis remains the most significant challenge.  Poor inter-institutional coordination and information sharing. Conventional communication practices and paper-based correspondence formalities between government offices are increasingly unjustifiable in a context of rapid IT development – particularly in regards to data sharing. Horizontal and vertical data sharing between government offices is hindered by the limited use of computers, limited internet coverage in governmental offices and a generic hesitation to adopt more dynamic coordination instruments. These challenges hamper efforts of central institutions pursuing integrated planning, but also cross-fertilisation of experiences and information.  Systematic inclusion of the “demand-side” into the conventional planning approach. Communities are typically excluded from the planning processes and their needs and aspirations not adequately incorporated in plans, undermining their sustainability. EU-LADP Community Based Strategic Planning needs to be sustained beyond the life spam of the project.  Lack of systematic collation of municipal revenue and expenditure data. The use of different reporting templates – typically basic Excel ledgers, often not even electronically available – is cause of inconsistency across municipalities, making it extremely difficult for the central authorities and Governorates to monitor and track the performance of their municipalities. The lack of standardized, cross-sectional databases that can be queried contributes to the poor responsiveness of municipal budgets to local needs and the lack of accountability to local communities. Citizens are thus unable to hold government accountable on priority needs and expenditures per capita.

Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 14

2.3. Cross-cutting issues to be mainstreamed (Programme principles)

The cross-cutting issues in this project are the de-facto preconditions for the programme’s success and the sustainability of the results. Engagement with the Programme requires that Governorates commit to these principles. Therefore, the cross-cutting issues are the principles embedded in the Charter of Principles signed by all 12 Governorates in the first year of the programme implementation2.

The cross-cutting issues – or Programme principles – are provided below, along with a brief description of activities done in order to promote and mainstream them. Those issues were in the focus for the reporting period:

2.3.1. Participation and Inclusiveness.

The Programme implemented participatory and inclusive process in local development in all activities under the programme. The beneficiaries, either central or local authorities are engaged in a participatory and “learning by doing” process coached by the EU-LADP team and consultants.

Provincial Steering Committees (PSC) at the level of each Governorate continued to work in ensuring inclusivity of all stakeholders and communities in local development dynamics, with a special focus on vulnerable and marginalised groups. Provincial Steering Committees are composed of: 2 representatives from Provincial Council, 1 representative from the academic field, 1 representative from the private sector, 1 gender representative, 1 representative from civil society, and 1 representative of vulnerable groups (Annex II – Provincial Steering Committees: Guidelines for the establishment in the Governorates, Confirmation of Steering Committee members and Basra Steering Committee and Technical Group order).

In addition to the above Provincial Steering Committee, Steering Committee ensuring involvement of all stakeholders and local community groups, have been established in the three KRI Governorates in the preparation of the Sustainable Energy Action Plans.

2.3.2. Local Acceleration of National Social Priorities and Sustainable Development.

During the reporting period, the process of development of the Provincial Development Strategies for Basra, Missan, Muthana and Qadessiyah and the Provincial Response Plans for Anbar, Diyala, Ninewah, Kirkuk and Salah al-Din was initiated with Community-based strategic planning methodology applied. The support to the Governorates in the provincial planning and the common methodology used is a bottom up approach that directly contributes to the development of the National Development Plan (NDP). The successful working model and methodology implemented in the development of 9 strategies that are in progress, led to the request of the Ministry of Planning to organize a “Training of Trainers” for representatives of the 6 Governorates (which are not beneficiaries under the EU-LADP) and the Ministry of Planning itself [Annex VI – Community Based Strategic Planning Workshop, Provincial Development Strategy Workshop, December 2016: Workshop Report, Workshop Agenda, Training Materials in English

2 Details in Section 5.1.3. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 15 and Arabic (Presentations: Local Planning Checklist, Mapping Areas of Concern, Strategic Issues, SWOT Analysis, Vision, Log frame, Citizen Participation, Participatory Workshop Checklist; Handouts: Local Planning Checklist, Strategic Planning flow chart, Goals Sectors, Areas of Concern, Problem and Goal Tree, SWOT Diagram, Log frame Tools, Toolbox, Citizen Participation, Community Participation, Citizen Participation Toolkit), Flipchart Summaries from 5 Governorates, and Feedback Report].

EU-LADP supported the three KRI Governorates – Erbil, Dohuk and Suleimaniah to develop Sustainable Energy Action Plans in line with the adopted by the EU Covenant of Mayors methodology. Workshops were carried out to initiate the process of development of Sustainable Energy Action Plans – 1. Elaboration of Baseline Emission Inventory; 2. Development of sustainable energy actions; 3. Elaboration of the descriptive part of the Sustainable Energy Action Plan and five priority projects fiches. During the reporting period, the data for the Baseline Emission Inventory has been collected and reviewed and the process of identification of sustainable energy actions has been initiated [Annex IV – Sustainable Energy Action Plans (SEAPs): EU Covenant of Mayors (CoM) Overviews presentation, Inception report and Questionnaires, Deliverables (Report from Workshops 1 and Workshop 2, List of Participants, Agenda, Presentations: CoM Initiative, SEAP, Role of Non State Actors, Examples of National Finance Mechanism, Baseline Emission Inventory, Development of SEAP, Building Code, Efficient Appliances, Public Procurement, Renewable Energy, Urban and ICT), Templates (Action List, Action template, LA Building and Facilities List, Non-LA Building and Facilities List, List of Clinics, List of Public Schools, Street Lighting Data)].

Under the scope of EU-LADP and within the framework agreement with UNHABITAT, a National Urban Strategy (NUS) and Governorate Urban Strategies (GUS) are being developed. Through leading the development process of both strategies, the capacity of the Governorates and local level authorities is being developed in strategic planning processes. The National Urban Strategy aims at ensuring balanced and resilient urban systems and it is developed based on spatial and strategic planning techniques. Spatial and strategic planning is of utmost importance to Iraq’s social and economic development, as it plays key roles in addressing governance issues, balancing the relationship between environment and urbanisation, and it also coheres with Iraq’s spatial development vision and National Urban Strategy 2018–2022 [Annex VIII – National Urban Strategy (NUS) and Governorate Urban Strategies (GUS): Structural plans (Basra, Missan, Muthana, ThiQar), Strategic Urban Development Framework for Governorates in Iraq Part I & II, Indexes Relevant to the NUS (Review of Available Governorate Indicators), Summary of Indexes relevant to NUS, NUS Indicator Technical Brief, NUS-GUS Work plan 2016-2017, NUS-GUS Next Steps Participatory Planning 2017, NUS-GUS Participatory Process].

Through these activities, the programme assisted local authorities in effectively addressing most important social challenges and priorities outlined in the National Development Plan (NDP) and accelerating the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with the overarching aim to serve their populations.

2.3.3. Transparency and Accountability.

An important aspect of better local development and cost-effective service delivery is establishment of local performance measurement systems based on transparency and accountability processes – to ensure Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 16 that activities are responsive to people’s priority social and economic needs. Participating Governorates have fully embraced and endorsed the values of transparency, participation, accountability and integrity by signing the LADP Charter (Annex XXVI – Signed Charter by Governorates).

Under the scope work and development of either provincial strategies or national strategies and plans, performance indicators for monitoring and evaluation were introduced along with the strategic goals and actions to achieve them. In this way, principles of the monitoring and evaluation are embedded in the all planning methodologies implemented under the programme.

2.3.4. Gender Equality.

Participation of women was encouraged and achieved throughout the implementation of all activities under the project. For example, 500 youth participated in the innovation gatherings (30% female) and 200 participated in the Inno4Dev training workshop (36% female). The Innovation Team, with a 40% of female members, supported the implementation of the Inno4Dev initiative during the second year.

Photo 1. EU-LADP encouraged and achieved participation of women throughout the implementation of all activities under the project

Gender mainstreaming, or the effort to ensure that local development and access to services include provisions for both men and women, was addressed through the continued work of Provincial Steering Committees in each Governorate. Gender and CSOs representatives are Provincial Steering Committee members to ensure that communities and vulnerable populations were included throughout the entire planning process and that targeted interventions were tailored to enhance the capacity of communities and vulnerable groups to create demand for better services.

The programme focused on empowering local women by promoting a resilience-based approach that contributed to review and change of the role of women in the development agenda – women participation at EU-LADP workshops, events and activities was around 25% average. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 17

EU-LADP supported the establishment of Women’s Affairs Departments in 6 Governorates and as a part of local government structure, heads of women affairs office became members of steering committees ensuring gender mainstreaming within local development planning. The women participation in Steering and Technical committees was 20%.

EU-LADP supported establishment of Women Leaders Fora in Basra, Missan and Karbala with participation of 112 women and girls at the launch in Missan, of 87 women in Basra, while 69 women participated at the launch in Karbala.

In addition, the Governorates were supported to design, plan and implement gender-sensitive approaches in local governance to unlock barriers to women empowerment, gender sensitive indicators and gender classified data, contributed to increased women participation in executive decision-making at the local level and improved access of women to public services, and in integrating gender perspective into the local planning process (21 female staff was trained).

The capacity building process was completed by a training in identifying the role and responsibilities of women in gender mainstreaming in the local planning and development of Provincial Development Strategies and a gender sensitive budgeting at which 72 women were trained in awareness and advocacy.

2.3.5. Protecting the Most Vulnerable.

Photo 2. The life in a Syrian Refugee Camp seen through the eyes of children captured in photos exhibited at the launch of Dohuk Provincial Development Strategy

The programme supported enhancement of community and vulnerable groups’ participation through awareness-raising methods and through the availability of various mechanisms for citizens’ participation and feedback. The needs of the most vulnerable were considered throughout the whole planning process and the voice of the vulnerable groups was represented at the Steering Committees. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 18

Multiple community bodies – for example individual neighbourhoods, CSOs, or other interlocutors such as women’s leaders, youth leaders, religious leaders, etc. – were approached and made aware of the frameworks, accountability mechanisms, and transparency mechanisms being developed under this programme. Communities will also be made more aware of the constraints faced by Government and of how more active communities can lead to more accurate information, and therefore improved planning, local development and service delivery.

Vulnerability needs assessments were initiated for the Governorates of Anbar, Diyala, Kirkuk, Ninewah and Salah al-Din as a step towards the development of the Provincial Response Plans. The vulnerability assessment targets the needs of the most vulnerable host communities (women head of families, orphans, people with disabilities and those who are leaving in extreme poverty), IDPs and returnees. The vulnerability assessments are under elaboration by established working groups (Governorate staff, NGOs and representatives of the business) and assisted and coached by the EU-LADP consultants and team. The latter will guide Governorates in actions addressing the needs of the vulnerable groups. Special attention will be given to reconciliation and peace-building activities. During the scoping mission with the 5 Governorates, one of the major problems identified by the Governorates themselves was the lack of trust in local authorities’ ability to cope with the crises situation. On the other hand, the Governorates do not have the skills and capacities to assess and address the challenges of the most vulnerable groups in a sustainable way. There is need for innovative approaches towards securing the basic needs of those groups. So far the Governorates rely on the humanitarian assistance provided. In order to address those challenges the vulnerability assessments will be consulted with NGOs, business unions and representatives of the local authorities [Annex XI – Provincial Response Plans: Inception Report (Report, Vulnerability Needs Assessment, Areas of Concern, ToR Working Groups, Indicative Agenda for the 1st week of the Vulnerability Assessment, Indicative Structure of the Provincial Response Plan, Mission Report); Deliverables (Introduction presentation, 5 agendas), Training materials in English and Arabic (Strategic Issues presentation, SWOT Analysis presentation, Log frame presentation, Local Planning Checklist handout, Strategic Planning flow chart handout, SWOT Diagram handout, Problem and Goal Tree handout, Log frame Tools handout); and Scoping Mission Report; Annex XXI – Vulnerability Mapping: 3 Reports of Meetings on Developing Response Plans in Diyala (December 2016), Kirkuk (November 2016) and Salah al- Din (December 2016)].

One innovative approach introduced as a vulnerability needs assessment was raising the voice of Syrian refugee children in traveling photo exhibition ‘Exile Voices: Camp Reporters’, an initiative by Reza Visual Academy. The life in a Syrian Refugee Camp seen through the eyes of children captured in photos was brought to the attention of the local and regional authorities – 41 large photos were on display during the launch of the Dohuk Provincial Strategy [Annex XXV – “Exile Voices” Exhibition in Dohuk: Activity Summary in Report from official Provincial Development Strategy launch in Dohuk). The exhibit received warm welcome at European Commission in Brussels and was opened by VP Mogherini and Reza Deghati (National Geographic contributing photographer and founder of Reza Visual Academy who trained many refugees and IDP youths living in camps in Iraqi Kurdistan).

2.3.6. Persons with Disabilities. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 19

Tackling key challenges for persons with disabilities through provision of accessible environment allowing for independence and participation in economic and social life is a guiding principle for National Urban Strategy and Governorate Urban Strategy and it will be addressed in the proposed urban strategies.

The needs of persons with disabilities are identified and addressed within the provincial strategic planning process of all Governorates.

The programme supported over 40 talents at the Kerka'an Bazar in Basra and among them some people with disabilities. Rami al-Tamimi, one of the participants at the bazar and a talented painter, disabled at birth has been drawing his inspiration from his disability and the ancient city of Basra. At the bazar, Rami introduced to the Basra community a collection of 20 paintings, one of which he painted upside down in 7 minutes. “My participation in the bazar provided me with a great opportunity to be known in the Basra society, amongst fine artists and in the media. I was invited to participate in several local and regional art exhibitions; and for the first time, I received a job offer from one of the Iraqi satellite television channels to host a show for teaching people to paint.” Rami recalls. His participation at the bazar was a true inspiration for over 7,500 families who visited the bazar over three days (Annex XXIII – Kreka’an Bazar: Activity Report, June 2016).

2.3.7. Environmental Sustainability.

Photo 3. Children planting trees to make Missan more beautiful under the “Clean Missan in One Day” Campaign

Environmental protection entails examining how the use of the environment affects it, and how the communities can ensure that negative effects are minimized and behaviours that positively impact the environment are emphasized. That is why environmental impact footprint can be found under all project activities, especially in provincial planning that will ensure sustainability at least for the next programming period. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 20

In addition to mainstreaming, activities with a special focus on environment were initiated such as development of Sustainable Energy Action Plans, Student Innovation Competition on Sustainable Energy, Awareness campaigns engaging communities in protection of environment such as greening and collecting of waste.

In 2016, EU-LADP supported the three Governorates in KRI to develop Sustainable Energy Action Plans aiming at reducing the consumption of energy and increasing the use of renewable energy sources, reducing greenhouse gases and CO2 emissions. As part of the Sustainable Energy Action Plan awareness campaign, a Student Innovation Competition on Sustainable Energy for university students was launched. Innovative projects that lead to less consumption of energy, reduction of CO2 and GHG emissions and have impact on economy and environment were invited to compete. The competition encourages any ideas which prove to be environmentally friendly and will improve the living standard of the people by decreasing the loss of natural and financial resources and bringing economic growth (Annex IV – Sustainable Energy Action Plans (SEAPs): EU Covenant of Mayors (CoM) Overviews presentation, Inception report and Questionnaires, Deliverables (Report from Workshops 1 and Workshop 2, List of Participants, Agenda, Presentations: CoM Initiative, SEAP, Role of Non State Actors, Examples of National Finance Mechanism, Baseline Emission Inventory, Development of SEAP, Building Code, Efficient Appliances, Public Procurement, Renewable Energy, Urban and ICT), Templates (Action List, Action template, LA Building and Facilities List, Non-LA Building and Facilities List, List of Clinics, List of Public Schools, Street Lighting Data); Annex XVIII – Student Innovation Competition on Sustainable Energy: Announcements (in English and Kurdish) and Poster).

The awareness campaigns “Clean in 1 day” organized in the 3 KRI Governorates and Missan encouraged citizens to participate voluntarily together with government representatives in collecting waste illegally disposed in the nature. The campaigns delivered multiple messages – community services are not only responsibility of the administration, but also of citizens; waste is polluting environment, but is also a health threat; nature and cities belong to all and environment protection is a joint responsibility. “Clean KRI in One Day” Campaign mobilized more than 16,000 volunteers, 100 NGOs and around 25 media channels in pro bono support of the implementation and coverage of the campaign live. In “Clean Missan in One Day” campaign, more than 10,000 volunteers from universities, high schools, NGOs, community leaders and Missan local Government were motivated under the slogan “Let’s make Missan beautiful in one day”. The government representative worked side by side with the volunteers during the campaigns, which emphasized the importance of uniting efforts for one goal – environment preservation. It inspired people to contribute to pollution prevention and preserve environment free from trash. As a result of the campaigns, more than 3,000 tons of garbage were collected and 4,000 meters of sewages have been completely cleaned. Artists and painters who volunteered for the campaign Missan painted the outside walls of seven schools and a health clinic, and more than 2,000 meters of sidewalks of main streets. In both locations, voluntary groups for follow up activities were established – NGO network in KRI and students’ foundation in MIssan. (Annex XV – “Clean in 1 Day Campaigns: “Clean KRI in One Day” Activity Report and Invitation to Participate; “Clean Missan in One Day” Activity Report).

In addition, greening activities organised in Suleimaniah and Dohuk showed commitment in addressing the problem of de- forestation in the country (Annex XXII – Tree Plantation in Suleimaniah: Activity Report). Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 21

Awareness was raised through participaction of students volunteers and perosnalised adoption of trees that was widely shared in social media by the participants. Iraq faced continued deforestation throughout last decades due to several internal and external factors. Deforestation also has been caused by economic recession - trees are used as alternative to other fuel sources and by economic growth - forests have been destroyed to make the land available for other uses, especially real-estate. Such continued and acute deforestation very negatively affected the land erosion, soil fertility, water cycle (watersheds) and climate change due to CO2 and greenhouse gases emissions, as well as biodiversity, as forests are complex ecosystems that affect almost every species.

2.3.8. Capacity Development.

The Programme’s approach to capacity development is dedicated to sustainably building the capacity of Iraqi public institutions. It seeks to develop partnerships for capacity building that enable public local institutions to learn from and adapt best practices to local needs and conditions.

Capacity building is the core of any activity under EU-LADP. The approach includes Area Coordinators embedded in each Governorate providing assistance and coaching on a daily basis, EU-LADP team that is working with all counterparts by sharing knowledge and experience and providing on going mentoring and consultants that provide substantiated on the job training. The whole range of capacity instruments are being used and improved capacity and confidence can be observed, especially at local level.

The sustainability of the capacity building can be ensured only provided active involvement and motivation from the Beneficiaries continue and there is no quick turnover of staff.

All 12 Governorates were capacitated during the reporting period through the different range of activities implemented and described in Main activities section under Component 1. of this report.

In addition, upon request by the Federal Ministry of Planning, capacity building was provided to the representatives of the Governorates of Baghdad, Najaf, Karbala, Wassit, Babel and ThiQar (not part of EU- LADP geographical coverage) and of the Ministry on Community Based Strategic Planning. This training was delivered in attempt to raise the capacity of the latter to develop Provincial Development Strategies of the same quality as the regions covered by the programme [Annex VI – Community Based Strategic Planning Workshop, Provincial Development Strategy Workshop, December 2016: Workshop Report, Workshop Agenda, Training Materials in English and Arabic (Presentations: Local Planning Checklist, Mapping Areas of Concern, Strategic Issues, SWOT Analysis, Vision, Log frame, Citizen Participation, Participatory Workshop Checklist; Handouts: Local Planning Checklist, Strategic Planning flow chart, Goals Sectors, Areas of Concern, Problem and Goal Tree, SWOT Diagram, Log frame Tools, Toolbox, Citizen Participation, Community Participation, Citizen Participation Toolkit), Flipchart Summaries from 5 Governorates, and Feedback Report; Annex X – Provincial Development Strategies: Inception Report (Report, Toolbox, LG structure, Profile of the Governorate v.1., Profile of the Governorate v.2., Strategic Planning process, Security Budget, Areas of Concern, Work plan, 3 Baseline Study guidance notes, Indicative structure of the PDS, Governorates Committees list); Deliverables (September Workshop report, List of participants, photos), Training materials (Strategic Planning flow chart handout, Local Planning Checklist handout, SWOT Analysis handout, SWOT Diagram handout, Refining the Vision handout, SWOT Analysis Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 22 presentation, Log frame Problem and Goal Tree handout, Log frame Tools handout, Log frame presentation, Citizen Participation presentation, Citizen Participation handout); Annex XI – Provincial Response Plans: Inception Report (Report, Vulnerability Needs Assessment, Areas of Concern, ToR Working Groups, Indicative Agenda for the 1st week of the Vulnerability Assessment, Indicative Structure of the Provincial Response Plan, Mission Report); Deliverables (Introduction presentation, 5 agendas), Training materials in English and Arabic (Strategic Issues presentation, SWOT Analysis presentation, Log frame presentation, Local Planning Checklist handout, Strategic Planning flow chart handout, SWOT Diagram handout, Problem and Goal Tree handout, Log frame Tools handout); and Scoping Mission Report].

Two sets of tools have been developed and presented in the on-going training workshops for Governorates: Toolkit for strategic planning and Toolkit for Public consultations. The latter provide step- by-step description on how to use basic planning tools as well as how to involve the public in the process of development of a strategic plan. During the next year, they will be further elaborated and will comprise one of the pillars of the guidelines for strategic planning which will be developed in cooperation with the Ministry of Planning. So far the toolkit/toolbox for strategic planning was spread over the 9 Governorates and it is used by the Steering Committees and working groups. The set of toolboxes as part of the methodology and the guidelines (that can be easily converted into by-law) and video lessons will be developed in 3rd year will increase the chances of sustainability of the capacity building process.

2.3.9. Youth.

Photo 4. EU-LADP has recognized youth as one of the key actors in the community development process and have been included in every activity under the programme

Youth is a major concern of the Government and society due its size and its exposure to ideological influence. The lack of common spaces for youth (boys and girls) for education and sports poses a challenge for them to engage in extracurricular activities and further develop their interests and skills. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 23

EU-LADP provided opportunities for local youth to engage as active citizens in supporting their local communities. Youth, acting as one of the central parts of the community development process, have the capacity to improve local well-being. If presented with the opportunity for involvement and ownership of the process, active youth can be a driving force of change.

Youth was involved in all activities under programme. They participated in campaigns, trainings, workshops, youth gatherings, innovation competitions, launches of Provincial Development Strategies. Moreover, they also facilitated knowledge sharing and trainings on entrepreneurship and voluntarism for their peers through Youth-to-Youth approach.

More active engagement was reported in the “Clean in 1 day” awareness campaigns organized in KRI 4 Governorates and Missan. Over 10,000 university and high school students took active role in raising awareness, greening/planting of trees, painting walls and sidewalks and getting their cities free of trash (Annex XV – “Clean in 1 Day Campaigns: “Clean KRI in One Day” Activity Report and Invitation to Participate; “Clean Missan in One Day” Activity Report).

Through Innovation for Development Initiative (#Inno4Dev) young people (ages 16 and 30) were involved in the field of innovation and entrepreneurship. The initiative attracted 800 young people to join the innovation volunteers team, 500 young people were selected to participate in the 5 innovation gatherings and 200 young people from all over the country were selected to participate in the final stage of coached development of projects. The initiative is trying to address the following challenges: the absence of well- developed and coherent entrepreneurship ecosystem, the lack of enabling environment for young entrepreneurs to start and sustain business, the lack of specialized institutions (public or private) in the field of entrepreneurship and the culture of dependency on the work for government institutions as the best and most secure source of employment that is discouraging youth to pursue careers in other sectors (Annex XVII – Innovation for Development: Action Plan 2016).

3. Interventions

3.1. Overall objective

Good governance strengthened by enhancing public policies and service delivery for the benefit of the people of Iraq.

3.2. Specific objectives, key results and activities

3.2.1. Specific objective

Strengthening good governance in Iraq by improving delivery of public services through improved planning and implementation processes at Governorate level.

3.2.2. Programme purpose and key results

Purpose: Strengthening good governance in Iraq by improving delivery of public services through improved planning and implementation processes at Governorate level. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 24

Key results:

Improved capacity for planning and implementation at Governorate level, resulting in higher budget execution and service delivery, leading toward better sector-wide planning; Improved communication and coordination between central and Governorate levels, and increased participation of communities in local development.

3.2.3. Main activities

Component 1. Improved capacity for planning and implementation at Governorate level, resulting in higher budget execution and service delivery, leading toward better sector wide planning.

Sub-component 1.1. Planning Local Development

Activity 1.1.1. Improve Governorate and Local-Level Sectoral Planning Capacities

Activity Summary: Key counterparts from the selected technical directorates are being capacitated to work on individual sectoral plans; this process will encourage collaboration toward improved knowledge management (1.1.5), integrated outcome-based provincial plans (1.1.4), as well as improved service delivery in their respective Governorates (1.3.1).

2nd year implementation:

During the reporting period, the Beneficiaries were supported in three main areas: (1) Preservation of Cultural Heritage and Urban Expansion; (2) “Sustainable Energy” as part of EU Covenant of Mayors initiative; and (3) Municipal Budget Execution.

Sub-Activity 1.1.1.1. Conservation and Development Plan for the Historic Quarters of Basra. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 25

Photo 5. A row of shanasheel houses in poor conditions lining the creek

This activity is supported with UNHABITAT expertise under the scope of building local level planning capacity and focused on drafting an integrated Conservation and Development Plan for the Historic Quarters of Basra. During the 2nd year of implementation, this activity has seen the consolidation of the findings that were identified in the 1st year and, through the deployment of an urban heritage specialist and regular consultative workshops, a net progress in terms of outreach to stakeholders, coordination with local institutions, advocacy for the adoption of an integrated planning approach and tangible outputs.

The team delivered six structured and well-attended consultation workshops focusing on key thematic areas, such as: (1) an Introduction to Heritage Conservation; (2) Legal Framework and Institutional setup, (3) Basic Infrastructure, (4) Housing and Living Conditions and (5) Analysis of Previous Studies and Reports and Contemporary Conservation Practices and finally (6) Changes to the Legal Framework. Field surveys and one-to-one consultations with technical staff of the Municipality and utility Directorates have led to the drafting of a number of GIS maps of the historic area, which include: Basic Infrastructure, Land Use and Heritage Value. The maps have facilitated the consultation process and the sharing of information between the different authorities.

From this consultation process, it clearly emerged that the main flaws of previous studies and planning efforts for the rehabilitation of the shanasheel quarter critically lies in the absence of a proper legal framework for urban heritage conservation and any consensus between the different decision-makers upon the future of this very vulnerable area. Having reached a consensus with stakeholders that no planned investment would be sustainable unless underlying issues such as conservation standards, heritage area boundaries, decrees and building regulations, control and enforcement are tackled, the UN- Habitat team most recently facilitated a workshop where key government officials and members of the civil society worked first hand on large illustrated panels focusing on four essential elements: (1) a Vision for Basra’s historical quarters, (2) setting the boundaries of the heritage area, (3) required legal changes Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 26 and decrees, and (4) components of new Building Guidelines. These elements provided the backbone of the Conservation and Development Plan that UNHABITAT will draft in mid-2017. The Basra heritage consultation process has to date involved over 130 stakeholders, including staff from the Governorate, Provincial Council and Municipality, State Board of Antiquities and Heritage (SBAH), utilities Directorates, UNESCO experts, members of civil society, and independent journalists. From the inception of the planning initiative, the team has witnessed a change in attitudes towards this dilapidated area, including a better understanding of the socio-economic challenges that need to be addressed (Annex III – Conservation and Development Plan for the Historic Quarters of Basra: 5 Basra Panel Consultation Workshop reports and presentations, Introductory Presentation, Work Plan 2016-2017, Old Basra Conservation and Development Plan, Old Basra Project Brief (June 2016)).

3rd year of indicative plan of the interventions: The sub-activity Conservation and Development Plan for the Historic Quarters of Basra will see the development of a proposed Institutional Set Up that will define roles and responsibilities for the management of the area and the finalization of an integrated multi-sector implementation strategy that can be shared with decision-makers for feedback. Presentations to the Governor and Provincial Council in Basra, as well as to MoMPW, SBAH and MoC in Baghdad will be arranged by mid-2017. In the meanwhile, the team will be undertaking demonstrative restoration work on selected shanasheel balconies of buildings lining the Al Ashar canal and cultural initiatives in the historic quarters to raise awareness and attention among decision-makers and contribute to galvanize swift action to initiate the upgrading and rehabilitation of Old Basra.

Sub-activity 1.1.1.2. Sustainable Energy Action Plans (SEAPs)

Photo 6. In 2016, EU-LADP supported the three KRI Governorates – Erbil, Dohuk and Suleimaniah to become members of the Covenant of Mayors The approach is based on the methodology of the EU Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy (CoM). The Covenant is a unique bottom-up movement, which brings together local and regional authorities Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 27 worldwide who are committed to provide to their citizen’s access to secure, sustainable and affordable energy by implementing local actions in key areas – clean energy, energy saving, transport systems, water and waste infrastructure. The CoM initiative unites more than 7,000 local and regional authorities across 57 countries drawing on the strengths of a worldwide multi-stakeholder movement and the technical and methodological support offered by dedicated offices. Local authorities, members of the Covenant of Mayors prepare, adopt and implement Sustainable Energy Action Plans with methodology developed by the Joint Research Centre of the EU (based on the experience and best practices of the local authorities in Europe). The Global Covenant of Mayors was launched on 1 January 2017 (www.covenantofmayors.eu) and will capitalise on the experience gained over the past eight years in Europe and beyond and build upon the key success factors of the initiative: its bottom-up governance, its multi-level cooperation model and its context-driven framework for action.

Increased urbanization, as well as influx of Syrian refugees and Iraqi IDPs, has caused environmental and public health strains due increased number of consumers of water and energy, as well as the quantity of waste, that may lead to negative effects on climate3. Sustainable energy policy focused on development and implementation of projects aiming at reducing the consumption of energy and increasing the use of renewable energy sources, reducing greenhouse gases and CO2 emissions is recognised as priority by KRG Vision 2020. To address the latter and the current fiscal constraints, KRI has engaged in developing Sustainable Energy Action Plans.

In 2016, EU-LADP supported the three KRI Governorates – Erbil, Dohuk and Suleimaniah to become members of the Covenant of Mayors and develop Sustainable Energy Action Plans in line with the adopted by the Covenant methodology for the Southern Mediterranean Region. The work started in the second half of 2016 by deploying the Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP) methodology to the three Governorates and key national institutions [(Annex IV – Sustainable Energy Action Plans (SEAPs): EU Covenant of Mayors (CoM) Overviews presentation, Inception report and Questionnaires, Deliverables (Report from Workshops 1 and Workshop 2, List of Participants, Agenda, Presentations: CoM Initiative, SEAP, Role of Non State Actors, Examples of National Finance Mechanism, Baseline Emission Inventory, Development of SEAP, Building Code, Efficient Appliances, Public Procurement, Renewable Energy, Urban and ICT), Templates (Action List, Action template, LA Building and Facilities List, Non-LA Building and Facilities List, List of Clinics, List of Public Schools, Street Lighting Data)]. Project Steering and Project Technical Committees have been established in the three Governorates, in line with EU-LADP guidelines and participatory, learning by doing and on the job training approach. Those two bodies were composed of members from the key directorates in the Governorates, members of the provincial councils, representatives of the academia and local business. In October-November workshops were carried out to initiate the process of development of Sustainable Energy Action Plans – 1. Elaboration of Baseline Emission Inventory; 2. Development of sustainable energy actions; 3. Elaboration of the descriptive part of the Sustainable Energy Action Plan and five priority projects fiches. During the reporting period, the data for the Baseline Emission Inventory has been collected and the process for identification of

3 KRG Vision 2020, Chapter on Environmental Protection, pg. 35 Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 28 sustainable energy actions has started (second phase). In December 2016, review of the collected data for the Baseline Emission Inventory study was performed and the process of identification of sustainable energy actions was initiated.

All three Governorates are fully committed to develop this instrument that will optimize the use of energy and natural resources and add value to economy and decrease fiscal situation constrains. The counterpart cooperation and interaction in terms of provision of data, responsiveness and contributions is remarkable. The Governorates see the benefits of the Sustainable Energy Action Plans in several ways:

(1) The preparation of the plans provides additional knowledge and skills on how to plan and develop projects/actions related to sustainable energy and climate change. Through the development of the Baseline Emission Inventory a better picture of the of CO2 and GHG emissions will link investment priorities with results related to reduction of those emissions. It was understood that the demand for such projects is higher and financial resources (grants and/or loans) will be available for such.

(2) Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP) methodology has four compulsory sectors in which the local authorities should design and implement actions – urban transport, residential buildings, tertiary sector buildings and public lighting. During the process of the development, the beneficiaries were encouraged to think about projects, which were not previously seen as priority. Those were mainly related to energy efficiency in buildings and sustainable use of resources (not only energy but also water, waste, fuel, etc.). Similar to the whole region of Arab countries this was seen as huge challenge, especially in an environment of heavy subsidized public services.

The KRG budget spends each year about US$2.5 billion in subsidising electricity, water supply, and agriculture. This sum is nearly 75% of the annual investment expenditure of the Region. This significant amount is likely to become unsustainable in time. The financial support from the state budget to the electricity sector (US$1.8 billion) represents 77% of the financial subsidies in KRG4. In the current economic situation in Kurdistan, saving energy and introduction of energy efficiency will be more acceptable solution than liberalization of the market and increasing the prices of electricity. All this calls not only for investment projects, but as well as for targeted awareness campaigns and implementation of regulations related to the effective use of energy. In 2016, a draft of a new building code5 was financed by UNDP and developed by UNHABITAT in cooperation with the KRG.

4 Ministry of Electricity and World Bank (September 2016 – draft report). Consultancy Services for Improving the Business Environment: Pathways for Distribution Strengthening, Loss Reduction and Revenue Enhancement in KRG para.22 (quote from Building the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, Joint Report by the KRG Ministry of Planning and UNDP, December 2012)

5 As part of the building code there is an Energy Efficiency code proposed as part of the Building code for Kurdistan region. Although it is not adopted by KRG yet, the functional requirements related to the energy efficiency could be applied through enforcement of rules and regulations on local level. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 29

(3) Joining the CoM in 2017 would be an important step – joining EU network and a global initiative - will provide networking, partnership and advocacy opportunities as well a comparative advantage within the Middle East region.

Awareness campaign is a compulsory part of the development of Sustainable Energy Action Plans. The start of the campaign was the launch of Student Innovation Competition on Sustainable Energy for university students inviting them to develop and submit innovative projects that lead to less consumption of energy, reduction of CO2 and GHG emissions and have impact on economy and environment. The competition will bring additional awareness on the topic and the best projects, selected by a panel, will be awarded in July 2017.

Other Iraqi Governorates had prioritized this sector as well, but due to lack of funding under the project, this action cannot be extended to more than the 3 KRI Governorates.

3rd year indicative plan of the interventions: The development of the Sustainable Energy Actions Plans will be finalized though a tailor-made assistance to the Governorates. EU Covenant of Mayors plans to establish regional groupings of the countries during 2017. The initiative gains more and more popularity in the Arab countries. Currently, more than 20 cities from Middle East countries are already members of the Covenant and 25 developed or are in the process of developing Sustainable Energy Action Plans. By mid-2017, the Baseline Emission Inventories and Sustainable Energy Action Plans should be finalized and the Governorates will be supported to apply and become members of the EU Covenant of Mayors. The team of experts will work with the Governorates to elaborate the Sustainable Energy Action Plan actions and 5 priority projects (the template used corresponds to the requirements of European Investment Bank used in the EU funded project “Cleaner Energy Savings for the Mediterranean Cities”). The latter are expected to be ready in June with parallel application to the EU Covenant of Mayors and respective membership. Official signatory may coincide with EU energy week, but if not possible a dedicated ceremony will be organized. Investment conference will gather international financial institutions, banks and private sector and Sustainable Energy Action Plans projects will be presented to potential investors and funding instruments.

Awareness campaign accompanying the development of Sustainable Energy Action Plans (SEAPs) was developed as a part of the methodology aiming to translate the technical Sustainable Energy Action Plans in a language close to local communities. The aim of the campaign is to educate local communities on new approaches in consumption of energy and water that will result in reduction of consumption and prevention of harmful impact on climate and environment. It also provides information of innovative ways of energy production, saving and efficiency, renewable, alternative and sustainable energy sources. Such campaigns decrease electricity consumption that results in reduction of CO2 and greenhouse gas emissions and respectively prevents climate change. Furthermore, the reduction of the cost and expenditures leads to a positive impact on the local economy. The campaign includes: Students competition; Sustainable Energy Action Plan Facebook page; Educational children playgrounds as an illustration of alternative sources of energy production and self-sustainable in terms of energy; Media campaign with educational EU videos, Signature with EU Covenant of Mayors; and Investment conference. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 30

Sub-activity 1.1.1.3. Urban Expansion Plan in the Governorate of Missan

Photo 7. EU-LADP Qalat Saleh workshop on 25 January 2017

The expansion initiative, supported with UNHABITAT expertise under the scope of supporting selected Governorates on pilot urban planning projects, focused on drafting an urban expansion plan for the town of Qalat Saleh in the Governorate of Missan. Qalat Saleh is a “3rd-tier town” as defined by the Outline Spatial Strategy for Iraq (2010-2030), typically located in a rural area with a population between 10,000 and 100,000 inhabitants, functioning as a market place for nearby urban centres. Its Master Plan dates back to 1983 and had not been updated since. In line with the approved Iraq National Development Plan 2010-2014 (NDP), the consultative diagnostic of housing needs in Qalat Saleh and the subsequent joint urban extension planning initiative addresses the following priorities: Lessen unbalanced urban growth and the polarisation of population distribution, by stimulating the growth of smaller urban cores in predominantly rural areas; Reduce the disparity in the provision of infrastructure and basic amenities, as well as the inequitable distribution of health and education facilities; Contain urban sprawl encroaching on valuable farmland and the growth of informal settlements at the fringes of cities; Increase job opportunities by developing the economic potential of each individual region; Enhance integrated regional development.

In the 2nd year of implementation, the team has initiated a consultation process which intends to closely engage the local authorities in Qalat Saleh and from Missan’s capital, Amarah, in a diagnostic exercise that aims to provide a better understanding of the needs and aspirations of their citizens. The team has drafted a set of GIS maps of the District and town which offered a base for discussing with stakeholders the needs, aspirations and the practicalities of future expansion options for the town [Annex V – Urban Expansion Plan in the Governorate of Missan: Urban Expansion Brief Qalat Saleh, Detailed Urban Development Plan for an Expansion Area in Maysan (January 2017), Planned Urban Extension Work Plan 2016-2017]. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 31

3rd year indicative plan of the interventions: The analysis of surrounding expansion opportunities will be undertaken and by the end of the year guidelines for planned city extension connected with the existing urban fabric and infrastructure, that allows for incremental and sustainable urban growth will be developed. Opportunities to pilot the adoption of more realistic and sustainable land distribution standards will be explored in coordination with MoMPW.

Activity 1.1.2. Build Capacity of Federal- and Regional-level Ministries of Planning and affiliated Bodies to sustainably support the local development planning processes.

Activity summary: The Programme is supporting the GoI and KRG Ministries of Planning and Municipalities and relevant departments to provide support to the Governorates. For certain technical aspects of planning – to be identified by Ministries as potential services for outsourcing – the Programme will also support the development of federal and regional level Training Bodies recognised by the Ministries.

2nd year implementation:

Sub-activity 1.1.2.1. Community Based Strategic Planning

Photo 8. GoI Deputy Minister of Planning Dr. Maheer Johan, Governor of Missan Mr. Ali Dawai and Director General for Regional Development Dr. Mohammed Sayed.

The Federal Ministry of Planning recognised EU-LADP as an excellent partner in building capacities at local level and in Community Based Strategic Planning (Linked to Activity 1.1.4. Support Outcome-based, Multi- Sectoral, Integrated Provincial Annual Development Plans linked to achieving National and SDG Priorities). The successful working model and methodology implemented in the development of 9 strategies that are in progress, led to the request of the Ministry of Planning to organize a “Training of Trainers” for Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 32 representatives of the 6 Governorates (which are not beneficiaries under the EU-LADP) and the Ministry of Planning itself. The provincial strategies will inform and feed the National Development Plan 2018-2022 and therefore they need to use the same methodology and be of the same quality and standard. It was not expected that with 1 training the gap among Governorates covered by EU-LADP and those not will be plugged in. Trainees are expected to become trainers and share the knowledge with Governorate colleagues. The training covered the nine steps methodology of community based strategic planning in a “learning-by-doing” mode. The participants were trained on how to develop vision, map areas of concern, identify critical issues and then to filter them to strategic critical issues. The participants prepared SWOT analysis and developed Logframe matrix for a selected critical issue, where they elaborated actions to address it. Although, the latter were seen, from methodological point of view, as exercises they were based on real problems and challenges in the Governorates. Community participation and public consultations in the development of the strategy had special day. Along with the presentations, results of the exercises, the Governorates representatives received two sets of tools for planning and public consultation to assist them in the future work. [Annex VI – Community Based Strategic Planning Workshop, Provincial Development Strategy Workshop, December 2016: Workshop Report, Workshop Agenda, Training Materials in English and Arabic (Presentations: Local Planning Checklist, Mapping Areas of Concern, Strategic Issues, SWOT Analysis, Vision, Log frame, Citizen Participation, Participatory Workshop Checklist; Handouts: Local Planning Checklist, Strategic Planning flow chart, Goals Sectors, Areas of Concern, Problem and Goal Tree, SWOT Diagram, Log frame Tools, Toolbox, Citizen Participation, Community Participation, Citizen Participation Toolkit), Flipchart Summaries from 5 Governorates, and Feedback Report]

Sub-activity 1.1.2.2. Improvement of Basic Community Services

Photo 9. Visit of the Water and Wastewater expert to water reservoir in Dohuk to discuss the project design for the works on water and wastewater

The programme provided technical support to the KRI Ministry of Municipalities and Tourism in the process of improvement of basic community services that informed the process at both regional and local Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 33 level. It specifically supported strategic planning and investment for effective management of the solid waste in KRI and the overall process in project preparation and implementation in the wastewater treatment sector, and thus improved capacity within the Ministry. The technical assistance reviewed the prevailing water, waste and wastewater practices and suggested recommendations for improvement, laying the groundwork for short, mid and long term investments and provided a contextually relevant template for developing similar Governorate level plans. [Annex VII – Water, Waste and Wastewater Management: Inception Reports (September 2016) and Progress Reports (January 2017)]

Sub-activity 1.1.2.3. National Urban Strategy

Photo 10. EU-LADP National Urban Strategy Workshop in Erbil, February 2016

Under the scope of EU-LADP and within the agreement framework with UNHABITAT, a National Urban Strategy (NUS) and Governorate Urban Strategies (GUS) are being developed [Annex VIII – National Urban Strategy (NUS) and Governorate Urban Strategies (GUS): Structural plans (Basra, Missan, Muthana, ThiQar), Strategic Urban Development Framework for Governorates in Iraq Part I & II, Indexes Relevant to the NUS (Review of Available Governorate Indicators), Summary of Indexes relevant to NUS, NUS Indicator Technical Brief, NUS-GUS Work plan 2016-2017, NUS-GUS Next Steps Participatory Planning 2017, NUS- GUS Participatory Process]. Through leading the development process of both strategies, the capacity of the Governorates and local level authorities is being developed in strategic planning processes. Strategic thematic areas have been identified and elaborated in a National Urban Strategy (NUS) Framework report titled “Conceptual Approach: Infrastructure Systems and Resource Management” that was submitted to Ministry of Planning in May 2016 and uploaded on the Platform soon after for all focal points in the Governorates to comment upon. The report analysed the following aspects: urban and environmental planning; urban legislation, regulations, and governance; urban land administration and management; spatial and population dynamics analysis; housing policies and regulations; infrastructure and basic services; urban economy and municipal finances. The National Urban Strategy Framework informs the consultation process for the Governorate Urban Strategies, which when finalised will allow the team to Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 34 finalise the National Urban Strategy – in an integrated top-down-bottom-up process. The team has also initiated a consultation process and analytical review of data that will lead to the drafting of Governorates Urban Strategies (GUS) in the programme’s. In this period, the Structural Plans of Governorates of the Southern Cluster were reviewed and summarised to enable discussion between counterparts. The four Structure Plan Reviews of Basra, Missan, Muthana and Dhi Qar (in Arabic) were shared with counterparts on the Platform and through the Blog in October 2016.

The team analysed available and relevant Indicators and produced a report titled “NUS Indicator Technical Brief” that was submitted to counterparts in November 2016. The Governorate Urban Strategy results and report on Indicators will inform and feed in to the National Urban Strategy framework that will be finalised by the end of the programme. The development of the National Urban Strategy stems from national participation of all the relevant stakeholders initiated in July 2015 to build national ownership and enhance capacities in the process. The National Urban Strategy intends to provide an overarching coordinating framework to address the current and emerging urban challenges and maximise the benefits of urbanisation while mitigating potential adverse externalities.

In parallel, the UNHABITAT team analysed the Spatial Distribution of GDP in Iraq at National and Governorate levels, as part of the above-mentioned National Urban Strategy Framework Conceptual Approach Part I (July 2016) and developed Governorate GDP Computation, Economic Performance and Growth Prospects by areas (Baghdad/central, southern ‘anchor Governorates’, northern oil producing clusters, KRG, Eastern Corridor, Pilgrimage Centres, Desert Zones); and a general perspective on GDP and Employment in the Governorates.

3rd year indicative plan of the interventions:

During the third year of implementation, it is foreseen that EU-LADP will work closely with the Federal Ministry of Planning to develop guidelines for development of Community Based Strategic Planning that can potentially be converted into by law. These guidelines will be based on the already tested methodology and will be accompanied with different tools to support the provinces in their planning efforts. Assistance and support will be provided to the Ministry of Planning to establish a formal framework of expanded cooperation with the Governorate administration, which is not limited only to the communication with the planning departments in the Governorates. This will also pave the way towards a single framework of elaboration of development strategies at local level and will align with both national and international efforts in that area.

The programme will continue the technical support to the KRI Ministry of Municipalities and Tourism in the process of improvement of basic community services that will result in Service Improvement plans for the three sectors.

The National Urban Strategy Framework and Governorate Urban Strategies will be finalised in an integrated top-down-bottom-up process. Five additional Structure Plan Reviews are expected to be submitted by mid-2017. Structural Plan in Qadessiyah will be developed. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 35

A professional MSc programme in Kufa, Najaf will be launched. The latter initiative, aims at supporting an academic Iraqi institution to launch a Master’s degree in the field of urban planning is aimed at building the capacity of newly graduates and ensuring continuous learning opportunities for the professionals already employed in the field of urban development, both in the public and the private sector. To strengthen this endeavour, the team will seek to establish a technical collaboration between the Faculty of Physical Planning in Kufa and other selected Higher Education Institutions and Planning Faculties in Iraq (including Dohuk, Suleymanyie, Erbil, Baghdad, Kufa and Basra), starting from a joint capacity assessment of existing demand for and offer of postgraduate studies in the country, followed by the drafting of a strategic plan of action aimed at designing the curriculum of spatial planning courses.

Activity 1.1.3. Alignment of Governorate level plans with National Development Priorities and Goals

Activity summary: Effective two-way communication and input will be established between national and sub-national level planning processes. The National Development Plan (NDP) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are used as guiding frameworks to support the local level planning processes, via targets and indicators that address outcomes (rather than individual outputs) agreed upon via consultation with the Ministries of Planning and Finance and the Governorates.

2nd year implementation:

The lack of systematic communication remains the most significant challenge faced by Federal and regional level authorities. Obsolete coordination mechanisms hamper any efforts of central institutions that pursue integrated planning. In an effort to address the poor inter-institutional coordination and information sharing coupled with unavailability of reliable and up-to-date data, an Online Platform6 was formally launched in a national EU-LADP workshop held in Erbil in February 2016. The platform is a shared Google Drive space with an access limited only to specific users – all Governorates and the staff of the Ministry of Planning as well as the EU-LADP staff and coordinators. This online repository of data, for the time being managed by the EU-LADP team, allows for horizontal and vertical information sharing between government offices. Also, this year has seen the set-up of Blog7 that allows for a fluid exchange of information and ideas between stakeholders, otherwise hindered by conventional communication practices and paper-based correspondence formalities between government offices, which are increasingly unjustifiable in a context of rapid IT development – particularly in regards to data sharing. Having observed the wide use of smartphones versus the limited use of computers and internet penetration in governmental offices, the team has engaged focal points within each Governorate in chat group conversation that is allowing the cross-fertilisation of information and experiences. Part of the platform are all 18 Governorates of Iraq (Annex IX – Blog and Online Platform: Dashboard and snapshots).

6 “How to Use Online Platform?” Tutorial: https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2gT-vBgmYdRY2Y4M05McTRlOE0/view?usp=sharing 7 Blog link: http://projects.i2ud.org/mona/iq/ Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 36

The Platform serves as communication and consultation tool in aligning of Governorate Provincial Strategies with National Development Plan and Governorate Urban Strategies with National Urban Strategy. The Platform and the Blog are contributing to improving the overarching coordination framework required to address emerging challenges and guide the future development of the cities in Iraq.

Photo 11. Snapshot of the EU-LADP Online Platform

Photo 12. Snapshot of the EU-LADP Blog Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 37

3rd year indicative plan of the interventions: The Platform is going to evolve in terms of data uploaded by the Governorates. New Blog linking local communities with local authorities in topical discussions and public consultations will be introduced.

In 2017 the Federal Ministry of Planning will start the preparation of the National Development Plan (NDP) 2018-2022. The National Development Plan will be informed by a bottom up approach – it will practically be composed of the Governorates strategic plans developed by the Governorates under EU-LADP. The support to the Governorates in the provincial planning and the common methodology used directly contributes to the development of the National Development Plan. In order to ensure better coordination and smooth integration of the provincial strategies, EU-LADP will continue working closely with GoI Ministry of Planning to ensure that common data from official sources (mainly statistical) is used to inform and develop baseline studies and provincial strategies in all 9 remaining Governorates (3 KRI completed during the previous reporting period).

Activity 1.1.4. Support Outcome-based, Multi-Sectoral, Integrated Provincial Annual Development Plans linked to achieving National and SDG Priorities

Activity summary: Governorate Planning and Development Councils are supported to establish a process in which Governorate authorities and all local sector Directorates develop a single annual development plan inclusive of all projects to be implemented: whether funded through sectoral allocations or the Governorate’s own investment budget. This integrated planning approach seeks to instill among Iraqi planners a process of outcome-based planning (e.g. increased women’s literacy) rather than output-based planning (e.g. the building of a girls’ school) linked to the achievement of NDP, National Urban Strategy, social priorities and the SDGs.

2nd year implementation:

During the reporting period, the process of the development of the Provincial Development Strategies for Basra, Missan, Muthana and Qadessiyah and the Provincial Response plans for Anbar, Diyala, Ninewah, Kirkuk and Salah al-Din was initiated.

Sub-activity 1.1.4.1. Provincial Development Strategies:

Lessons learned from previous experience in preparation of such strategic documents show that the limited engagement of the Governorate administration in the preparation of those strategies led to very limited ownership of those documents. The lack of ownership by the local authorities was considered one of the main reasons for the lack of implementation of those strategies. To address these weakness, Governorates signed a Charter of principles, established Steering Committes and accepted participatory learning by doing methodology to be used.

Community-based strategic planning methodology was introduced in Basra, Missan, Muthana and Qadessiyah using participatory and learning by doing approaches. The methodology entails “easy to implement” nine steps of strategic planning with bottom up and top-down approaches described in the diagram bellow: Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 38

COMMUNITY-BASED STRATEGIC PLANNING FLOW CHART

The team of experts worked with designated Project Steering Committees and Working groups to provide assistance, training and coaching in the process of development of the Baseline studies and the Provincial Strategies.

The established Project Steering Committees and Technical Groups (TG) were trained on how to use the methodology in the period August-September 2016. At the same time the baseline studies for each Governorate were initiated. Baseline experts were deployed to each Governorate to assist the Governorate staff to develop those studies as the basis for the development of the strategies. Provincial Steering Committee and Technical Group went through all steps of the process in formulating the key priority areas and vision for each Governorate guided by the Team Leader. Based on the priority areas, specific sectors were selected and small working teams composed of Governorate representatives and external stakeholders (mainly NGOs and academia) worked on needs assessments and SWOT analysis of the sectors and main priorities. The first draft of Baseline studies was produced, but final analysis and gaps plugging are forthcoming [Annex X – Provincial Development Strategies: Inception Report (Report, Toolbox, LG structure, Profile of the Governorate v.1., Profile of the Governorate v.2., Strategic Planning process, Security Budget, Areas of Concern, Work plan, 3 Baseline Study guidance notes, Indicative structure of the PDS, Governorates Committees list); Deliverables (September Workshop report, List of participants, Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 39 photos), Training materials (Strategic Planning flow chart handout, Local Planning Checklist handout, SWOT Analysis handout, SWOT Diagram handout, Refining the Vision handout, SWOT Analysis presentation, Log frame Problem and Goal Tree handout, Log frame Tools handout, Log frame presentation, Citizen Participation presentation, Citizen Participation handout)].

Sub-activity 1.1.4.2. Provincial Response Plans:

The methodology for the response plans follows the community based strategic planning principles, but tailor-made for the needs of the regions most affected by the conflict with ISIS - Anbar, Diyala, Kirkuk, Ninewah and Salah al-Din. During the scoping mission conducted in September 2016 and after consultations and discussions held on the needs of the five Governorates, priority areas have been identified. This cluster of Governorates has similar problems. The Response plans have the overall objective to restore the normal life in the Governorates and peaceful co-existence of the different communities. The priority areas agreed are the following: (1) Public services delivery – restoration of the damaged infrastructure, enforcement of the decentralization and cooperation with the central government in finding new models for sustainable delivery of the public services; (2) Economic Development and Job creation – Immediate job creation actions through stimulating small and micro business with micro grants and/or similar financial instruments, Vocational Education and Training in the area of agriculture, services and traditional crafts. Enabling environment for attracting investments; (3) Community Development – Support to vulnerable groups (orphans, women, IDPs, people with disabilities, etc.); Peace-building and reconciliation actions; Awareness raising and other actions aiming at regaining the trust of local communities.

Based on the results of the scoping mission in the period October-November, working groups were established under the authority of the Project Steering Committees established under EU-LADP. The main task of the working groups was to work on vulnerability needs assessment. They were supported by vulnerability assessment experts and the EU-LADP coordinators in the 5 Governorates. Missions to the Governorates were conducted in November and December by the vulnerability experts to provide assistance and advice on the job [Annex XI – Provincial Response Plans: Inception Report (Report, Vulnerability Needs Assessment, Areas of Concern, ToR Working Groups, Indicative Agenda for the 1st week of the Vulnerability Assessment, Indicative Structure of the Provincial Response Plan, Mission Report); Deliverables (Introduction presentation, 5 agendas), Training materials in English and Arabic (Strategic Issues presentation, SWOT Analysis presentation, Log frame presentation, Local Planning Checklist handout, Strategic Planning flow chart handout, SWOT Diagram handout, Problem and Goal Tree handout, Log frame Tools handout); and Scoping Mission Report].

Sub-activity 1.1.4.3. Launch of Provincial Plans

The 3 KRI Provincial Development Strategies of Erbil, Suleimaniah and Dohuk that were developed in 2015 and finally adopted in 2016 were launched with activities translating the priorities into practice.

“Erbil – Capital of Tolerance and Diversity”: at an official ceremony on 20 April 2016, at Erbil's historic Citadel, Erbil Provincial Development Strategy was launched. UNDP Resident Representative and UN Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator for Iraq, Ms. Lise Grande and the Head of the EU Liaison Office in Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 40

Erbil, Mr. Patrick Geysen gave speeches of support to the institutions in addressing current challenges, but also in working with civil society organizations and citizens at the national and local levels. H.E. Governor of Erbil, Mr. Nawzad Hadi, presented the provincial strategy. The ceremony was presided over by H.E. Prime Minister of the Kurdistan Regional Government, Mr. Nechirvan Barzani, and attended by members of the Council of Ministers, diplomatic corps and the Erbil Governorate. H.E. Prime Minister Nechirvan Barzani praised the strategy saying: “The announcement of this strategic plan during such a difficult time demonstrates that the will and determination of our people for building a better future and for promoting tolerance and coexistence is much stronger than the will of those who try to stop our path to prosperity and growth.” The ceremony included a breathtaking audiovisual performance illustrating Erbil's history and in light and sound. The Erbil Citadel was the natural scene of the performance of the story that goes back to the establishment of one of the world's oldest living cities and ends with the development of a modern urban capital of Iraqi Kurdistan.

Photo 13. Breathtaking audiovisual performance illustrating Erbil's history and in light and sound marked the launch of Erbil Provincial Development Strategy

“Plant the plan by planting a tree” launch event in Suleimaniah was conducted replacing the conventional indoor launch of the Suleimaniah Provincial Development Strategy (PDS) by an outdoor activity, whereby the government together with local community, youth and civil society engaged in addressing with practical action one environmental priority. By planting trees on the mountain nearby Suleimaniah one of the most serious problems of the region “deforestation” was addressed. The action created huge awareness on the topic and served as motivation for other stakeholders and citizens in preservation and greening of the region. The young volunteers and administration planted together 1,000 trees during the launch day and later on 23,700 trees. The action built local ownership of both Governorate and local community as trees bared badges with names of people planting them and respectively adopting them. The greening demonstrated that with immediate action, the plan will not remain only on paper, but lead to tangible and visible results. In his opening speech, H.E. Dr. Aso Fariadoon, the Governor of Suleimaniah said that “The future vision starts with a strong multilateral strategy, consisting of three main pillars of Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 41

Development, Implementation and Follow-up, the plan will consider the needs of future generation”. The Governorate committed to maintain and take care of the young forest.

Photo 14. “Plant the plan by planting a tree” launch event in Suleimaniah started with planting 1,000 trees and engaged local community, youth and civil society

“Made in Dohuk”: Dohuk Provincial Development Strategy (PDS) 2016-2018 was launched in a ceremony organized in collaboration with an NGO NOREL and the Governorate. “Made in Dohuk” exhibition was organized from 28-29 May 2016 that featured (1) traditional handmade clothes and carpets and live demonstration using antique instruments, (2) crafts, cultural and daily life items from the museum of Dohuk, (3) photos of old Dohuk and historical references, (4) paintings by youth on Dohuk today, (5) antique musical instruments and live performance, (6) agriculture and tourism potential, (7) innovation and architectural projects by students, (7) handmade crafts and other items by refugees, IDPs, and host communities, (8) and a special exhibition of photos taken by refugee children, participants in the ‘Exile Voices’ project by Reza Visual Academy of National Geographic contributing photographer Reza. A Carnival of Dohuk organized by the Governorate preceded the launch. In his opening speech the Governor of Dohuk, Mr. Farhad Amin Atrushi, underlined: “Citizens of Dohuk deserve the highest social and economic welfare levels and a governance system that invests resources efficiently. We are strongly committed to achieve this through the Provincial Development Strategy that was tailored to address the needs and aspirations of Dohuk and its people.” [Annex XII – Official Provincial Development Strategy Launches: Suleimaniah (Event report, press release); Dohuk (Event Report, Planting Event Phase I report); Erbil (Event report, agenda, Invitation, presentation, Media advisory); Annex XXII – Tree Plantation in Suleimaniah: Activity Report]

Photo 15. Dohuk Provincial Development Strategy 2016-2018 was launched in a ceremony organized in collaboration with an NGO NOREL and the Governorate Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 42

3rd year indicative plan of the interventions:

Provincial Development Strategies will see the finalisation of both the Baseline studies and drafts of the Provincial Strategies.

Provincial Response Plans: will see finalisation of both vulnerability assessments and the first drafts of the Provincial Response Plans.

One of the Governorates need identified is a review and analysis of the legal obstacles and opportunities for generation of revenues at local level. The main areas being attracting foreign investments and introduction of local taxes and fees. The study will provide recommendations to the Governorates and national authorities for improvement of revenue generation environment at local level and diversifying of financial instruments.

Activity 1.1.5. Improve Local Development Knowledge Management

Activity summary: The Programme will support existing development-related knowledge and data to be better shared and better analysed so as to better inform local planning processes. Stronger data analysis and stronger inputs of existing data into planning processes will alert of the need for new data, the collection of which should be institutionalised. Thus, local-level needs will be better incorporated into central-level data collection processes.

2nd year implementation:

Online information and data platform: The Programme supported the sharing and analysis of existing development-related knowledge and data to better inform local planning processes. Stronger data collection, sharing and analysis should be mainstreamed throughout institutions so that local-level needs can be better incorporated into central-level data collection processes (Annex IX – Blog and Online Platform: Dashboard and snapshots). The Online Platform described in Activity 2.1.1. was launched to address this need among others.

Designed as a data management tool, it also serves as a knowledge sharing tool between national and local levels as well as across Governorates for all activities under EU-LADP. The Online Platform works as a Resource Library for data, maps and reports uploaded by focal points operating within each Governorate and at central level. Under each Governorate, there are folders for the following topics: Cultural Heritage & Tourism, Economy, Environment & Natural Resources, Housing, Infrastructure and Basic Services, Spatial and Population Dynamics, Urbanisation. It has dedicated folders for Maps, Provincial Strategies, Statistics, Structural Plans & Existing Studies. There is a folder for National interest documents and data and another for Supra-National connectivity. As of end of January 2017, 362 files have been uploaded (including 11 Structure Plans). A monthly Dashboard tracking the number of documents uploaded offers a straightforward and self-explanatory M&E tool to all users. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 43

A Blog offers users thematic discussions that can be initiated by users from Ministry of Planning or from the Governorates, contributing to improved information flow and knowledge sharing between the national and Governorate levels.

In late 2016, both the Platform and Blog were scaled up. This solution contributes to the intensified information flow and knowledge sharing between the national and Governorate levels.

Knowledge management in Human Resources: The Human Resource function in the administration at Governorate level exist in a very fragmented manner and it depends on the proactiveness of the different units and directorates and the need for specific skills and knowledge. For instance, in Dohuk such partial HR database existed in Customs Directorate but not in all others. An HR database system is a perquisite for any HR function such as training of personnel, career development, mobility, etc. Based on its needs, the Governorate of Dohuk requested from EU-LADP technical assistance in establishing such a system and database.

Photo 16. Strategic goals of the Government of Dohuk presented at the meeting on HR Development Program findings and recommendations

Assistance was provided to Dohuk Governorate to develop a Human Resource Database System based on a conducted assessment that identified existing gaps and needs in line with the Organisational Structure and the employees’ job descriptions. Technical support was also extended to include the revision of the current organisational structure and job descriptions. Based on the conducted assessment, a draft database was developed focusing on the database structure, platform, access rights and migration. At all steps, the process has been conducted through focus group discussions with all the relevant stakeholders, including the Governor’s Office, Customs Department, Statistics Office, Human Resources and IT Departments and with the active participation of most of the stakeholders involved. The next phase of the development of a new structure based on a blueprint proposed by the Governorate is to be approved by higher authorities. In addition, 12 employees have been trained on using the database - 26 senior level employees including deputy governor participated at training course. As a next step technical assistance Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 44 was extended to establishment of Human Resource Department [Annex XIII – Human Resources Database System: Progress report (Jan 2016), Consolidated Report, Project Summary presentation (April 2016)].

3rd year indicative plan of the interventions:

The On-line platform will continue to expand and further consolidate as outlined above. In the future, the platform should also be developed with Monitoring and Evaluation functions, which will allow results achieved at Governorate level to be accumulated at national level.

The HR database system will be presented to other Governorates with potential to be multiplied and included in an overall HR strategic plan for KRG Governorates. Dohuk Governorate Human Resource Department is going to be established and functioning.

Sub-component 1.2. Support the implementation of local development planning

Activity 1.2.1. Improve budget execution processes in sector line directorates and Governor’s offices

Activity summary: Support will be provided to each Governorate in reviewing the local budget execution processes in view of the current financial and/or conflict-related situation. This will be jointly undertaken, including mapping existing systems, roles, responsibilities and capacities. On the basis of the identified key bottlenecks in the implementation of priority local infrastructure and service delivery, customised technical assistance will be provided over 1 or 2 annual planning and budgeting cycles – to enhance systems and processes and to develop local capacities to address key issues and challenges. It is also expected that some improvements will affect projects included in Governorate development plans and sectoral service delivery improvement plans.

2nd year implementation:

Development of a pilot budget execution monitoring system at the Governorate level in 4 Governorates:

Support is being provided by UNHABITAT to the four pilot Governorates of Basra, Muthana, Missan and Qadessiyah to review their local budget execution and municipal finance processes. This component aims at strengthening sub-national and local government capacities in municipal finance and raising local revenues for improved service delivery.

Work on this pilot component commenced during the 2nd quarter of 2016 in the four pilot municipalities of: Basra (1,198,328 inhabitants) in Basra Governorate.; Al Rumaitha (83,518) in Muthana Governorate.; Ali Al-Gharbi (17,162) in Missan Governorate; and Al Shamiya (57,311) in Qadessiyah Governorate. Having identified and engaged focal points from each of the four pilot Governorates, the team guided counterparts through the required gathering and analysis of data through moderated mobile App conversations. Once the financial figures were collated, the team proceeded to the analysis of the data and presentation of comparative diagrams illustrating the revenues and expenditures. These are summarised in a Municipal Budget and Expenditures Dashboard that was shared with the focal points for Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 45 feedback and verification. The Dashboard was praised by MoP as an innovative presentation tool for discussion (Annex XIV – Pilot Budget Execution Monitoring System: Municipal Finance Diagrams Progress Update and Tentative Municipal Finance Work Plan).

3rd year indicative plan of the interventions:

Support will continue toward preparation of budget framework for the Governorates which should enable the implementation of Provincial Development Strategies. The third year of the programme will see the delivery of an intensive capacity building training workshop to introduce modern approaches for improved municipal finance in specific urban related sectors. Upon completion, the Municipal Finance component will have an overall impact on an estimated 1,356,000 citizens and some 30-35 staff that will be trained in improved municipal finance and revenue generation.

Activity 1.2.2. Support Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)

Activity summary: M&E frameworks for projects and overall plans will be laid out in the planning stage. Plans will prescribe collection of a range of data and indicators, which indicate effective implementation of project outputs, as well as of the outcomes of a range of interventions. Governorates will be supported with on-the-job M&E training for selected projects and will learn how to analyse collected data to evaluate projects and determine areas for improvement so as to become learning institutions through iterative cycles.

2nd year Implementation:

Principles of the monitoring and evaluation are embedded in the all planning methodologies implemented under the programme. During the work on the development of the provincial strategies and the response plans and National Urban strategy, performance indicators for the monitoring and evaluation were introduced along with the strategic goals and actions to achieve them.

3rd year indicative plan of the interventions:

During the planning process capacities of the established Project Steering committees and technical groups will be built in regards to the monitoring and evaluation of the provincial strategies. The Provincial Steering Committees should be transformed into Monitoring and Evaluation committees. The latter will be capacitated to perform M&E upon adoption of the plans. In line with the process of decentralization, further capacity building for the staff would be necessary. Internal regulations on the functions of Monitoring and Evaluation committees against set targets (indicators) will be envisaged in the Provincial Development Strategies, hence ensuring that this function will be developed.

Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 46

Sub-component 1.3. Service Delivery

Activity 1.3.1. Development of priority service delivery improvement plans

Activity summary: Service delivery providers from each Governorate will be supported to identify impediments to effective delivery. It will be emphasised that service delivery improvements will require not only attention to public interfaces and points of contact, but also, in some cases, improvements in internal or intra-departmental processes. Therefore, capacity building will be provided for customer-oriented service and for internal process improvements.

2nd year Implementation:

Photo 17. Site visit of water and wastewater experts to a polluted river in Benswala, Erbil

EU-LADP provided technical support to the KRI Ministry of Municipalities and Tourism in development of Service Delivery Improvement Plans in water, wastewater and waste treatment sectors and the related investment projects. An inception mission in August-September 2016 identified the needs of the 3 sectors.

The work was composed of three phases, namely data gathering, outline design and final plan. Each Governorate designated a team to work with the experts, who visited each Governorate and made assessment of the selected facilities. The approach adopted was ‘learning-by-doing’ using a real example as a basis for the work. Between missions the Governorate’s teams are assigned with further tasks to complete for optimal results. By the end of 2016, the projects to be supported in the design phase were selected. Activities for capacity building in the process of design of works in all three sectors were provided to the Ministry of Municipalities for review and approval. The recommendations provided in the assessment reports of the experts are summarized below under the 3rd year indicative plan of the interventions Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 47

3rd year indicative plan of the interventions:

For each Governorate, the approach was tailor-made, and preliminary assessments will be regularly reviewed and updates based on services delivery and action plans for their improvement.

The waste management expert will implement the proposed capacity building/training program, and support the Ministry in drafting of the Terms of Reference for “Waste Treatment Centers” in Erbil city. The next step in wastewater sector is to conduct workshops with the staff selected on the preparation of the conceptual design. Prior to the workshop, the necessary data will be collected and the next mission is planned for early February. For water sector, the conceptual design of the projects will be carried out by the working teams formed by local engineers and supported by the water expert. The realization of the next phase of the assignment also requires the collection of data necessary for the design process [Annex VII – Water, Waste and Wastewater Management: Inception Reports (September 2016) and Progress Reports (January 2017)].

Wastewater Sector: This action supported the overall process in project preparation and implementation in the wastewater treatment sector and thus improved capacity within the Directorates. It is recommended to coordinate the efforts in this assignment (for Erbil and Suleimaniah) with the Biwater contract, currently in the development phase to collect data and prepare design. It will be important to know the position of the Ministry in that regards and whether the assistance of the expert will be needed (e.g. preparation of projects to be funded under this contract or review of the contract, etc.) It is recommended the work to be focused on the conceptual design for wastewater treatment works based on the following criteria: (1) Environmental need – in towns where there is serious environmental threat due to the fact that the waste water is not treated and there is a high pollution emitted to the water resources. (2) Urban area with middle-sized population – this will allow to complete to great extent the conceptual design and will serve as an example for more challenging projects. (3) Availability of information and data regarding populations, growth expectations and industry and commerce.

Water Sector: The main challenge is to provide to most of the population unlimited access to a continuous supply of drinking water, even in rural and arid areas. This goal should be achieved through adopting a range of initiatives and operational activities within a decimal strategic plan to preserve water resources and enhance the existing infrastructure, which focus mainly on: (1) development of legislation, standards and mechanisms for national action for the integrated management of water resources; (2) making use of the groundwater or the spring water for supplying the isolated areas in a long distance from the surface water reserves (e.g. dams) or the existing Water Treatment Plants; (3) completion of Water Treatment Facilities under implementation and programming of new plants that will provide treated water even for the remote rural areas; (4) construction of new water conveyance systems and rehabilitation/ replacement of existing ones with large water leakages or energy losses along the pipelines. Construction of new pumping stations or optimization of pumps in existing ones in order to meet current and future needs. Construction of missing networks in certain zones of urban areas or in rural areas currently served by tankers; (5) reduction of water demand within each sector (domestic, industrial, agricultural use). Implementation of Water Demand Management seeking the maximum utilization and the minimum waste Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 48 of water. Promotion of water use efficiency and water conservation, for social and economic development and environmental protection.

Waste Management Sector: The environment of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) has suffered from the informal disposal of solid waste, which pollutes land, water, and air. Both the legislation and the institutions responsible for environmental management, protection, and monitoring remain weak. Investments are necessary to strengthen the environmental management system in the Region and, more specifically, to build the appropriate Waste Management infrastructure (sanitary landfills, recycling plants, incinerators for hazardous waste etc.). The following recommendations are mainly based on the conclusions of the Waste Management Master Plan of Erbil and various sources from the other 2 Governorates (Dohuk and Suleimaniah), as the Waste Management Master Plans of Dohuk and Suleimaniah have not yet been delivered to the WM Expert: (1) Programming necessities - The Waste Management programming necessities for all the KRI Governorates are presented within the framework of the specific elaborated Master Plans. (2) Development of Institutional Framework – the necessary recommendations for the upgrade of the institutional framework, concerning waste management in KRI, are well described in the elaborated Master Plans. The implementation is still pending (in certain cases it has not started yet), especially regarding the administrative structures and personnel. (3) Capacity Building Issues – a capacity building/ training program was proposed by the WM Expert (2nd Mission Report) to be implemented in the framework of the present assignment. (4) Specific WM Infrastructure Works (treatment and disposal) and other WM Initiatives (collection, recycling) needed in each Governorate.

Activity 1.3.2. Implementation of urgent and innovative service delivery

Activity summary: The Programme will support service delivery (through contracting service providers) to assist Governorates in improving service delivery through innovative and out-of- the-box approaches.

2nd year Implementation:

Under this activity, the programme supported innovative service delivery that allowed the Governorates to combine existing resources in new ways – or call upon new resources – to create innovative services together with communities which led to development and further strengthening ties with them. The programme assisted Governorates to engage with local communities and organized campaigns and youth-targeted activities that resulted in success and high level of participation. The importance of innovation in service delivery was demonstrated by the community response that gave space for expansion of existing activities to different groups and areas explained below.

Sub-activity 1.3.2.1. Campaigns “Let’s do it!” is a civic-led mass movement that began in Estonia in 2008 when 50,000 people united together to clean up the entire country in just five hours. Since then, 113 countries and over 16 million people have joined to clean up illegal waste. This action came up with an ambitious plan to change not just the physical landscape, but the very idea that it is alright to dump garbage at all. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 49

In 2016, some Iraqi Governorates joined this initiative and a dream to live in a clean and healthy waste free world, and organized campaigns in 5 Governorates.

“Clean Kurdistan in One Day” Campaign was organized in collaboration with Kurdistan Regional Government of Iraq (KRG), KRG Ministry of Municipalities and Tourism, 4 KRG Governorates administrations, a lot of NGOs and media. The campaign was managed by an NGO Clean Organization Environment Friends (COEF), that is a coalition of environmental NGOs, but the number of NGOs that joined it on a voluntary basis exceed 100. The campaign included broadcasting of campaign video spot as well as other related videos and was supported by many TV programme discussions on the topic. The cleaning activities were conducted in 22 locations throughout the four Kurdistan region Governorates – Erbil, Suleimaniah, Dohuk and Halabja. The campaign raised awareness of the population on preservation of nature free of waste. It inspired people to contribute to pollution prevention and preserve environment clean. Moreover, it empowered local communities and NGOs to work alongside the government entities in protecting and conserving the environment. As a result of the campaign, more than 2,500 tons of garbage were collected. The campaign mobilized more than 16,000 volunteers, 100 NGOs and around 25 media channels in pro bono support of the implementation and coverage of the campaign live. Participation in the campaign lead to and created a stronger bond and potential for future cooperation between different actors. The major success of the campaign was the voluntary work of all involved that lead people understanding and appreciation of the amount of efforts needed to collect waste that could have not been dumped. The campaign was one of its kind and was welcomed warmly by the people. It laid the foundation for the idea to organize follow-up campaigns in the future and make it a tradition in Kurdistan.

Photo 18. “Clean Kurdistan in One Day” Campaign covered 22 locations throughout the four Kurdistan region Governorates

“Clean Missan in One Day” Campaign was inspired by the “Clean KRI in One Day”. More than 10,000 volunteers from universities, high schools, NGOs, community leaders and Missan local Government were motivated under the slogan “Let’s make Missan beautiful in one day”. The campaign was organized by Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 50

Ana Mysan for Human Rights organization in collaboration with Missan Governorate. Around 500 tons of waste have been collected, 800 trash containers distributed and 4,000 meters of sewages have been completely cleaned. Artists and painters who volunteered for the campaign painted the outside walls of seven schools and a health clinic, and more than 2,000 meters of sidewalks of main streets. The campaign included 9 awareness-raising lectures held in one week at schools, mosques, community and youth sport centers. It is worth mentioning that a group of 102 students who participated in the campaign have been registered as volunteers with an environmental NGO in Missan to engage in any future activities needed in Missan Governorate. (Annex XV – “Clean in 1 Day Campaigns: “Clean KRI in One Day” Activity Report and Invitation to Participate; “Clean Missan in One Day” Activity Report)

Photo 19. EU-LADP “Clean Missan in One Day” Campaign has attracted more than 10,000 volunteers

Sub-activity 1.3.2.2. Innovation in community services competition was conducted during the launch of Dohuk Provincial Development Strategy. University students from Dohuk presented 37 innovation projects at the exhibition Made in Dohuk. The projects were evaluated by a jury on the basis of pre-defined criteria. The 1st runner up has developed a hearing-aid device for people with hearing disability. Second place was awarded to a mobile app that would convert school books into electronic book – a smart device makes learning more attractive and joyful. The 3rd runners was a software. (Annex XVI – Innovation Competition: Activity Summary in Report from official Provincial Development Strategy launch in Dohuk) Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 51

Photo 20. Innovation competition organized during the launch of the Provincial Development Strategy in Dohuk

Sub-activity 1.3.2.3. Innovation for Development Initiative: (#Inno4Dev) involved young people (ages 16 and 30) in the field of innovation and entrepreneurship. The initiative was designed to contribute to different development goals, mainly the enhancement of the entrepreneurship ecosystem locally and nationally, to have enabling environment for small businesses and entrepreneurs, including the legal framework, cooperation with the local and central government, and the healthy engagement and contribution of private sector. The activities were also designed to promote social cohesion among young people from different educational, ethnic and religious background and regardless of gender and city of origin. One of the unique approaches was Youth-to-Youth, where young Iraqi volunteers share knowledge and skills with peers to excel in the field of entrepreneurship and to promote of volunteering. The initiative will result in innovative entrepreneurial projects (Annex XVII – Innovation for Development: Action Plan 2016). Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 52

Photo 21. Innovations for Development Initiative attracted hundreds of youth who developed and shared their skills and knowledge on leadership and entrepreneurship

Sub-activity 1.3.2.4. Student Innovation Competition on Sustainable Energy, as part of the Sustainable Energy Action Plan campaign, was launched in January 2017. The competition is open for university students inviting them to develop and submit innovative projects that lead to less consumption of energy, reduction of CO2 and GHG emissions and have impact on economy and environment. The competition encourages any ideas which prove to be environmentally friendly and will improve the living standard of the people of Kurdistan by decreasing the loss of natural and financial resources and bringing economic growth. The competition is open until 31 May 2017 and the main categories in which projects will be competing are: Resource conservation and/or energy efficiency; Transport in cities; Renewable energy sources; and Smart technologies. The competition was published on the programme Facebook page (https://www.facebook.com/ SustainableEnergyactionPlan/), and outreach activities were organized with university staff and students in order to promote the competition, the programme and Sustainable Energy Action Plans (Annex XVIII – Student Innovation Competition on Sustainable Energy: Announcements (in English and Kurdish) and Poster). Photo 22. Poster for the Student Innovation Competition on Sustainable Energy 2017 Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 53

Sub-activity 1.3.2.5. Student’s competition for innovative playground design as part of the Sustainable Energy Action Plan campaign was held in 2016. Innovative ways of energy production, saving and efficiency, renewable, alternative and sustainable energy sources and fight climate change were encouraged. University students were invited to participate in a competition. Requirements included: use of environmental friendly materials and grass, game units raising awareness about reducing the consumption of energy and water. In this way, achieving a playground with multiple educational/awareness levels for both children and parents and be children and environment-friendly. The best design was selected by a jury and awarded. The design will be used for the development of educational playgrounds for children in each 3 KRI Governorates. The playground is an illustration of alternative sources of energy production and utilization, and energy self-sustainability (generating enough energy to operate its’ lighting and other electrical equipment in the playground autonomously). (Annex XIX – Students’ competition for innovative playground design: Activity Summary and Selected Design).

3rd year indicative plan of the interventions:

As a follow-up activity under Innovation for Development Initiative, Innovation for Development Forum 2017 is planned for 25 February 2017. In addition, in 2017, the initiative will include the following activities: following up with potential partnerships that will result from the forum; addition of new team members to join the volunteers team (including new sub-team responsible mainly for doing researches) expanding its number to 50; utilizing the available network of youth trained in 2016 and support them to conduct promotion activities in their communities and universities. EU-LADP will also work on supporting the establishment of a local organization specialized in entrepreneurship, conducting an Open-day innovation activity allowing people to participate without registration, organizing a workshop about Games for Development for games developers, and supporting universities to implement projects related to innovation, entrepreneurship and development.

Component 2. Improve communication and coordination between central and Governorate levels, and enable the participation of communities in local development

Sub-component 2.1. Centre-Governorate Coordination

Activity 2.1.1. Establish a platform for dialogue and information sharing between national/regional and local government

Activity summary: The Programme will initiate a platform for national and local authorities across Federal, Regional, Governorate and inter-Ministerial levels to coalesce and discuss issues relevant to local development and service delivery. In addition, the Programme will support the strengthening of cooperation between Governors and Provincial Councils.

Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 54

2nd year Implementation:

An online information and data platform linking the national and Governorate levels was developed (explained broadly under Activity 1.1.3.). The platform enables all the relevant parties to share information, raise questions, and discuss mutual issues of interest. Each Governorate has a separate area to upload and edit materials which can be viewed but not edited by others, in addition to a shared storage system. This dialogue tool consists of a platform for file-based sharing and a conversation-based Blog. The rational for the Platform, coordination approach and key identified thematic sectors were outlined in a discussion paper shared with all stakeholders, including the Steering Committee, Coordination Team, and Governorate Planning Team (Annex II – Provincial Steering Committees: Guidelines for the establishment in the Governorates, Confirmation of Steering Committee members and Basra Steering Committee and Technical Group order; Annex IX – Blog and Online Platform: Dashboard and snapshots).

The sharing platform covers also the following areas: cultural heritage and tourism; economy; Environment and natural resources; housing; infrastructure and basic services; maps; provincial strategy; spatial and population dynamics; statistics; structural plans and existing studies; supra-national connectivity and context; and urbanisation. These areas can be enhanced as the Programme progresses and expanded into more detailed content areas. This tool is not only envisaged for information and data sharing, but also serves as a coordination tool between national and regional levels, as well as across the Governorates. This constitutes not only an up to date communication and coordination tool, but is also an adequate solution to the restricted mobility of people and accessibility of some regions.

The Online Platform has been scaled up in mid-2016 with a net increase in documents uploaded. Its development and progress is monitored monthly via a Dashboard that is shared with all users, including MoP. The Blog was customised and revitalized in October 2016, and is now fully functional, providing the basis for a structured information flow and dialogue between the central administration and the Governorates. (Annex – Online Information and Data Platform, Concept Paper; Dashboard sample)

This platform may be used as good practice or be further extended – so as to cover other aspects of the coordination between national and regional authorities and to provide basis for structured information flow and dialogue between the central administration and the Governorates.

Moreover, efforts to support inclusiveness, open dialogue and exchange of views and information are also demonstrated through the work of Provincial Steering Committees (PSC) and National Advisory Committee (NAC) that serve as platforms for this Activity 2.1.1.

The programme is overseen by a National Advisory Committee (NAC) co-chaired by the GoI Minister of Planning, KRI Minister of Planning, Head of the EU Delegation and UNDP Country Director, or their delegates. In April 2016, the National Advisory Committee meeting was organised in Amman, Jordan and was chaired by the Deputy Minister of Planning in Iraq, KRG Deputy Minister of Planning and the EU Ambassador. The meeting served as a forum to share the main objectives, achievements and the next steps of the programme with all stakeholders involved (Annex XX – National Advisory Committee Meeting in Amman: meeting minutes, invitation letter and presentations). Additionally, at regional level, the management of the project as such is based on the efficient and effective coordination between the Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 55 different stakeholders through the established Steering Committees in each Governorate. The Provincial Steering Committees are composed of: 2 representatives from Provincial Council, 1 representative from the academic field, 1 representative from the private sector, 1 gender representative, 1 representative from civil society, and 1 representative of vulnerable groups. These Committees are chaired by the Governor and mandated to: guide the planning process to produce the Provincial Development Strategy and the Annual Plans and provide an oversight over the implementation; Support the Working Groups and the Provincial Planning Committee and provide the necessary resources to formulate and implement the planned activities; Review proposals forwarded by the Provincial Planning Committee and by the Working Groups and give guidance on the work being presented during the different phases of the planning process; Ensure inclusiveness and active participation of stakeholders and the public in the planning process; Ensure alignment of the produced plans to the Regional vision, strategy and priorities; Monitor the implementation of the plans produced; and Perform the functions outlined during the various phases of the planning process.

Photo 23. National Advisory Committee meeting in Amman, April 2016

3rd year indicative plan of the interventions:

The on-line platform will be further expanded to allow inclusion of other sectors of coordination and Blog for local discussions with community groups and public consultations.

The cooperation at the regional level will be ensured through the Provincial Steering Committees and through the implementation of the Governorate Charter principles in the work related to the preparation and implementation of the Provincial Development Strategies.

Sub-component 2.2. Community Participation in Local Development

This sub-component started during the 2nd year of programme implementation, the platform mentioned in previous headings will contain on line fora for inclusion of local communities and CSOs in discussion of Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 56 local development and planning for each Governorate. So far, CSOs were involved in the different activities as part of the implementation of the principles in the Charter.

CSOs were active in Provincial Steering Committees and various activities under the projects These activities served as an opportunity for dialogue and those involved in strengthening citizen participation in local governments, as well as those interested in it, to discuss questions and share experiences and ideas on how to enhance the involvement of citizens in local development which is an essential part of the programme.

Activities like “Clean Kurdistan in One Day” and “Clean Missan in One Day” demonstrated the importance of CSO engagement and participation in community-based activities. Over 100 NGOs participated in “Clean Kurdistan in One Day” Campaign together with government representatives, youth and fellow citizens. Their role was critical in not just these specific activities but also in planning and development processes, advocacy and citizen participation. Launch activities of the Provincial plans in Suleimaniah and Dohuk were implemented by CSOs (Annex XV – “Clean in 1 Day Campaigns: “Clean KRI in One Day” Activity Report and Invitation to Participate; “Clean Missan in One Day” Activity Report).

Activity 2.2.1. Establish frameworks for community participation in local-level planning and development processes

Activity summary: The Programme is supporting local authorities to create systematic frameworks for gathering and responding to the input of multiple community groups, particularly the most vulnerable, marginalised and underserved. Local governments are being sensitised to encourage and welcome citizen participation in local development, and principles and guidelines for participation will be developed. Community groups and civil society will be encouraged to partner in addressing the most pressing needs of the respective local community. CSOs might be encouraged to serve as both mediators between local communities/target groups and the Governorates and service providers in the areas of their expertise in response to growing demand. Community Participation in the Provisional Steering Committees at all Governorates aiming in creating systematic frameworks for gathering and responding to the input of multiple community groups.

The representation of CSOs is essential under the umbrella of EU-LADP. The Programme established Steering Committees at the provincial level where a representative of civil society organisation was included in each Governorate to ensure advocacy and participation of local communities in planning processes.

The structures of the Civil Society are also actively involved in the actual work on the Provincial Response Plans in the Governorates of Anbar, Diyala, Kirkuk, Ninewah and Salah al-Din. Within the process of preparation of these plans in each province, three working groups were created – on community development, economic development and public services. During the initial workshops on the vulnerability assessment, which is the basis for the plans, meetings were conducted with representatives Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 57 of the NGOs in the province, in which the project was presented and the organizations shared their work, priorities and issues. The CSOs were included in the actual planning process as participants in the working groups. For example, the head of the community development group in Diyala was the chairman of the local NGO network. Representatives of the NGOs were included in the other community development groups. The public participation was encouraged also in the economic development groups – in Ninewah there are representatives of the University, the local business and the international investors. The local business unions were represented in the working groups in the other provinces. The public services groups work was also supported by the community through the participation of the local councils and discussions with the NGOs.

Citizen participation in local governance involves ordinary citizens assessing their own needs and participating in local-level planning and development. Building relationships with the government and having access to information and decision-making processes is important for improving service provision. For this reason, CSOs have also been advocating for groups whose concerns were underrepresented. Excluding the weak and powerless from decision-making is a cause of instability because it denies them rights and creates unequal power relationships. The programme has addressed this by introducing a number of mechanisms to enhance citizen participation, including steering committees and provincial planning activities (Annex II – Provincial Steering Committees: Guidelines for the establishment in the Governorates, Confirmation of Steering Committee members and Basra Steering Committee and Technical Group order).

In Kurdistan Region, the EU-LADP is also working with existing civil society platforms and relevant government institutions, such as the KRI NGO Directorate, to provide necessary coordination, guidance, capacity strengthening and support to local NGOs and CSOs to design and implement relevant and responsive interventions and activities in support of and in service to host communities and Syrian refugees. Specific attention is paid to promoting solidarity, collaborative and peaceful coexistence between host communities and the many refugees living outside established camps. Although a coordination mechanism is developed as a working paper, the discussion and consultations are still forthcoming.

Activity 2.2.2. Vulnerability mapping and assessment

Activity summary: An assessment will be conducted to identify vulnerable groups in the Governorates with a specific focus on their access to services in the priority target sectors. Populations and areas with poor access to services, or receiving poor quality services, will be identified using participatory approaches. Through this targeted approach, local authorities will be supported to target precise populations and/or geographic areas for planning and service delivery improvements with community input as one guide. Spatial planning tools will be used to support planning and service delivery improvements where relevant.

Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 58

2nd year of implementation:

Vulnerability needs assessments were initiated for the Governorates of Anbar, Diyala, Kirkuk, Ninewah and Salah al-Din as a step towards the development of the Provincial Response Plans. The vulnerability assessment will target the needs of the most vulnerable host communities (women head of families, orphans, people with disabilities and those who are leaving in extreme poverty), IDPs and returnees. The vulnerability assessments are under elaboration of established working groups (Governorate staff, NGOs and representatives of the business) and assisted and coached by the EU-LADP consultants and team. The latter will guide Governorates in actions addressing the needs of the vulnerable groups. Special attention will be given to reconciliation and peace-building activities.

During the scoping mission with the 5 Governorates, one of the major problems identified by the Governorates themselves was that the citizens do not trust local authorities’ ability to cope with the crises situation. On the other hand, the Governorates do not have the skills and capacities to assess and address the challenges of the most vulnerable groups in a sustainable way. There is need for innovative approaches towards securing the basic needs of those groups. So far, the Governorates have relied on the humanitarian assistance provided. In order to address those challenges the vulnerability assessment will be consulted with NGOs, business unions and representatives of the local authorities [Annex XI – Provincial Response Plans: Inception Report (Report, Vulnerability Needs Assessment, Areas of Concern, ToR Working Groups, Indicative Agenda for the 1st week of the Vulnerability Assessment, Indicative Structure of the Provincial Response Plan, Mission Report); Deliverables (Introduction presentation, 5 agendas), Training materials in English and Arabic (Strategic Issues presentation, SWOT Analysis presentation, Log frame presentation, Local Planning Checklist handout, Strategic Planning flow chart handout, SWOT Diagram handout, Problem and Goal Tree handout, Log frame Tools handout); and Scoping Mission Report; Annex XXI – Vulnerability Mapping: 3 Reports of Meetings on Developing Response Plans in Diyala (December 2016), Kirkuk (November 2016) and Salah al-Din (December 2016)].

3rd year of implementation:

The vulnerability needs assessments will be completed in mid-2017. On the basis of the assessments, provincial response plans will be developed.

Activity 2.2.3. Enhancing participation of communities and vulnerable groups in local planning

Activity summary. Following the creation or identification of effective frameworks in community participation at the Governorate and local level, the Programme will convey to local communities how they can participate (to provide detailed information on these forums) and why participation is worthwhile (either via government pledges for change, discussing the value of partnership, success stories from other participatory forums, etc.), and support the establishment of mutual, accountable processes between communities and government.

Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 59

2nd year of implementation:

‘Exile Voices: Camp Reporters’, an initiative by Reza Visual Academy that expressed life in a Syrian Refugee Camp through photos taken by young refugees was used to raise the voice of this group and bring it to the attention of the Governorate planning authorities. 41 large photos were on display during the launch of the Dohuk Provincial Strategy documenting the daily life at the camp through the eyes of the young photographers. National Geographic contributing photographer Reza has trained many refugee and IDP youths living in camps in Iraqi Kurdistan. Multiple community bodies – for example individual neighborhoods, CSOs, or other interlocutors such as women’s leaders, youth leaders, religious leaders, etc. – were approached and made aware of the frameworks, accountability mechanisms, and transparency mechanisms being developed under this programme. Communities will also be made more aware of the constraints faced by Government and of how more active communities can lead to more accurate information, and therefore improved planning, local development and service delivery (Annex XXV – “Exile Voices” Exhibition in Dohuk: Activity Summary in Report from official Provincial Development Strategy launch in Dohuk).

Photo 24. ‘Exile Voices’ photo exhibiton was organized during the launch of the Dohuk Provincial Strategy documenting the daily life at the Syrian refugee camp In June 2016, EU-LADP supported the organisation of a 3-day Kreka’an bazar in Basra that traditionally takes place in the middle of Ramadan. The bazar was the opportunity for over 50 participants from underprivileged groups and rural areas, different age and religion to exhibit their products (crafts, goods, clothes, food, etc.) to increase their income by marketing their crafts and products to the public and make contacts with potential clients and investors. The participants supported by EU-LADP were from very low income category, mostly widows and youth from rural areas that could not afford transport and a stand at the exhibition. Rami al-Tamimi, one of the participants at the bazar and a talented painter, disabled at birth and born to an art loving family in Basra Southern Iraq, has been drawing his inspiration from his disability and the ancient city of Basra. He struggled to go to school due to lack of accessible schools, but his paintings started to stir up curiosity and helped him build friendships. At the bazar, Rami introduced Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 60 to the Basra community a collection of 20 paintings, one of which he painted upside down in 7 minutes. “It was a remarkable success – he recalled – My participation in the bazar provided me with a great opportunity to be known in the Basra society, amongst fine artists and in the media. I was invited to participate in several local and regional art exhibitions; and for the first time, I received a job offer from one of the Iraqi satellite television channels to host a show for teaching people to paint.” Rami, whose disability associated illness and rounds of pain had abandoned his dream to specialize in medicine, has already made it to college to study computer software. Rami’s participation at the bazar was a true inspiration for over 7,500 families, especially children, from diverse backgrounds who visited the bazar over three days. He put a smile on their faces and gave paintings as presents to over 30 children. The bazar was the opportunity to open new horizons for Rami, and other participants who demonstrated their talents. Visitors and participants enjoyed cultural and artistic activities, plays, poetry, paintings, fashion show, competitions and traditional music and dance. The bazar also attracted companies, NGOs, organizations and media outlets who wanted to share this overwhelming occasion with their community members. This activity provided access to people who had neither similar experience in marketing their products or talents, nor financial means to attend. At the last day of the bazar, the participants sold 90% of their products. The bazar promoted participants’ work to thousands of people living inside and outside Basra who visited this successful event (Annex XXIII – Kreka’an Bazar: Activity Report, June 2016).

Photo 25. Rami al-Tamimi, a talented painter, disabled at birth shares his talent with thousands of visitors of the Kreka’an bazar in Basra

Through such awareness-raising methods and through the availability of various mechanisms for citizens’ participation and feedback, community and vulnerable groups’ participation will be enhanced. Through the frameworks developed in Activity 2.2.1 (above), mechanisms will be created for this feedback to become an integral part of the local planning process. Under EU-LADP, the established Steering Committees at the provincial level included one representative for women issues and another representing CSOs – to ensure that communities and vulnerable populations were included throughout the entire planning process and that targeted interventions were Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 61 tailored to enhance the capacity of communities and vulnerable groups to create demand for better services (Annex II – Provincial Steering Committees: Guidelines for the establishment in the Governorates, Confirmation of Steering Committee members and Basra Steering Committee and Technical Group order).

Furthermore, through establishment of women’s offices, women’s leader fora, women’s participation in workshops and Innovation for Development activities, the programme focused on the importance of empowering local women in order to promote a resilience-based approach, to contribute in reviewing the role of women in the development agenda based on the SDGs, raising awareness among women on how to contribute to the development of gender-based approaches in local Governorate programmes and to strengthen the role of women in local development. EU-LADP supported establishment of Women’s leader Forum in Basra, Missan and Karbala with participation of more than 250 women and women’s affairs offices in 6 Governorates, provided technical support in development of gender sensitive indicators and gender classified data, contributed to increased women participation in executive decision-making at the local level and improved access of women to public services, and in integrating gender perspective into the local planning process. Under the initiative ‘Innovation for Development’, EU-LADP included young Iraqis in the field of innovation and entrepreneurship with a main focus on services. The initiative was implemented in cooperation with local governments, private sector and CSOs. A team of volunteers (at least 40% female) was trained and organized to take the lead in helping their peers and their communities to develop local innovative solutions to their local problems and challenges. Youth groups, university students and individuals were targeted and supported to develop their ideas into SMART projects. It raised awareness of thousands of people using online and offline tools and activities and projects brought to attention of potential partners and funding institutions.

Photo 26. Innovation for Development Initiative supported youth to work with their peers and participate in development of local innovative projects

Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 62

Activity 2.2.4. Strengthening the role of CSOs in advocacy and citizen participation

Activity summary. In each Governorate, local Government’s current ability to partner with CSOs will be assessed. CSOs will be mapped jointly with government and other relevant local stakeholders. ‘Champion CSOs’ will be identified that can be focal points among local populations. These champion CSOs will be requested to take on a more active advocacy and information-sharing role, serving as one type of “demand-side interlocutors” on numerous sectoral and service-related issues, while also sharing information amongst each other and disseminating relevant information from government via existing web and/or media platforms and forums.

The scope of this Programme advocates for strengthening the role of CSOs by engaging them through undertaking joint interventions to foster synergies and mutual programme benefits. Such example is the cooperation with Clean Organisation Environment Friends (COEF) in Suleimaniah for “Clean KRI in One Day” Campaign, with an NGO NOREL for “Made in Dohuk” event and the launch of the Dohuk Provincial Development Strategy (PDS) 2016-2018 and collaboration with NGOs in “Clean Missan in One Day” Campaign that stipulated the conduct of activities related to capacity building, advocacy and awareness- raising [Annex XV – “Clean in 1 Day Campaigns: “Clean KRI in One Day” Activity Report and Invitation to Participate; “Clean Missan in One Day” Activity Report; Annex XII - Official Provincial Development Strategy Launches: Suleimaniah (Event report, press release); Dohuk (Event Report, Planting Event Phase I report); Erbil (Event report, agenda, Invitation, presentation, Media advisory)].

Photo 27. “Clean Missan in One Day” Campaign attracted many volunteers from different backgrounds and motivated them engage in other community activities

CSOs have an important role in local planning and development process and their engagement in Provincial Steering Committees (PSC) is crucial to building and maintaining partnerships with the Governorates (Annex II – Provincial Steering Committees: Guidelines for the establishment in the Governorates, Confirmation of Steering Committee members and Basra Steering Committee and Technical Group order). Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 63

Provincial Steering Committees were established at the level of each Governorate to ensure inclusivity of all stakeholders in local development dynamics, including vulnerable and marginalised groups. Provincial Steering Committees are composed of the Governor and/or his representative, civil society, academia and business, as explained broadly under Activity 2.1.1.

4. Assumptions

4.1. Assumptions at different levels

Apart from progressive relocation of all UN agencies – including UNDP – back to Iraq, the UN implementation umbrella will remain the same in Iraq for the entirety of the Programme.

Security situation will not deteriorate further. Since 2014 and in the course of 2016, there has been a dramatic deterioration in the security situation which is not expected to be reversed soon. The scope of the work under EU-LADP differed from region to region depending on the security situation. For the time being, there is no justification in reducing further the number of the Governorates for which assistance is offered. However, the intensity and the scope of the work will be impacted by the dynamics of the situation. In 2017, with the progress of military operation and the liberation of some areas, the work will go on under the assumption that working with all 12 Governorates will be still possible and feasible.

Political will to implement the programme remains as strong as before. EU support is based on the assumption of political willingness of the Government of Iraq to support all components of its National Development Plan, to improve governance and the rule of law, and to abide by international human rights standards. During the reporting period, the political will to work under the programme at both Central and Local level remained high. The main challenges and conflicting positions were overcome with permanent dialogue and example-based advocacy by the project management that contributed to the culture change within the Government.

Risks to ongoing political will for this Programme include the instability of Iraqi institutions, due to high turnover of staff and significant reshuffling that occurs when ministers change or elections take place. Losing capable counterparts is particularly difficult given Iraq’s decades-long 'brain drain', which has led to numerous educated and experienced staff leaving the country and being replaced by – per international measures – relatively more corrupt successors, who are not as skilled at project or financial management.

Last year’s assumption that the political will of the Iraqi Government to implement the project would be strengthened due to the significant drop of oil prices, calling for faster improvement of the administration and planning capacities and triggering economic development (which is not based solely on oil resources) has materialised. Furthermore, the political will was further enhanced by the excellent work under the project and extension of the latter was requested. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 64

Lack of management skills and commitment of Local Government. Effective implementation of decentralised activities by the regional and local authorities will depend on officials' management skills and commitment to engage and serve local citizens. Although motivation may exist, skills are not there. EU-LADP concept of learning-by-doing in building capacity at the local level through engaging targeted persons – in order to enhance their skills in sought areas and enable staff to resume their functions in a more skillful and professional manner was accepted positively. It is assumed that the level of acceptance and commitment of the Governorate administrations will remain. EU-LADP is also engaging relevant CSOs to reach out to citizens and communities, including women and vulnerable groups when the local government is derived from this communication for obvious reasons.

Political will to support the testing the application of new planning and legal frameworks in pursuit of changes that can improve the sustainability of current urbanisation trends and the delivery of services to citizen. The urban planning projects envisaged under EU-LADP offer to local and central authorities a unique opportunity to pilot the application of a series of urban planning principles and concepts promoted by the New Urban Agenda that coincide with on-going discussions on required changes in the Iraqi legislation. These include for example: a set of missing laws/decrees and approval of building guidelines for the safeguard of non-monumental urban heritage (pilot project in Basra), the decrease of minimum standard plots sizes (pilot project in Qalat Saleh), the set-up of real property taxation as a source for municipal revenue (pilot project in municipal budgeting).

4.2. Risks and flexibility

The following key risks have been identified in the process of Programme implementation:

In addition, the Iraq Programme Risks Management Matrix shown below identifies common risks and issues that have been identified by UNDP and other UN agencies implementing projects in Iraq, as well as the strategies that have been adopted to manage these risks.

Risk Factors Risk Management Strategy

Political and Conflict factors

Escalation of the conflict in some Governorates areas, Adjust Programme activities to locations where work is restricting staff and consultant’s movements further feasible. and delaying work.

Ongoing uncertainty in the roles of national and local Advocacy by Programme staff educates local government in service delivery builds tensions and government on the potential and limitations of their role creates uncooperative environment. vis-à-vis national government and vice versa.

Policy Factors Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 65

MoP opposes proposed framework for local The proposed planning methodology was embraced by participatory planning. MoP and used as a single methodology for all 18 Governorates (EU-LADP was requested to extended the training to 6 Governorates not covered by the programme).

Lack of inter-government coherence. Technical Focus at the Governorate level on getting operational working relationships between and across levels working relations with the ministries. remain unclear. Embed advisory capacity in key line ministry directorates as well as in Governor’s offices.

Weak commitment to support and finance projects The Programme will support advocacy of most that address National Development Plan challenges important needs and priorities and assist in diversifying and priorities and SDGs. funding sources.

Systems and Skill Factors

Resistance to change and consultative processes. Dual approach proposed: ‘learning-by-doing’ at the Governorates and Coaching and mentoring.

Capacity in Governorates remains limited. New arrangements/amendments and by laws to support decentralisation in Iraq may strengthen Governorate level capacity.

Operational Factors

Governorates and Ministries do not make in-kind There is an overall Governorates commitment within contributions. Financial contributions were replaced by the signed Charter. Furthermore, as to the extent in kind contributions due to the financial crises in the possible, Governorates provided facilities where country. Nevertheless, contributions in kind and/or appropriate. Staff nominated to work under different seconded staff are an important part of the programme bodies showed very good level of attendance and design to build ownership and sustainability. commitment.

Implementation of Provincial Development Strategies Local needs and priorities of the most vulnerable will be may remain on paper due to lack of funding for their discussed with the Federal and Regional Governments in implementation. order to advocate for resource allocation. Efforts will be made in identifying ways of revenue generation at local level and diversified funding.

Local planning process is over elaborate and cannot be Lessons learned from previous phases of EU-LADP have sustained by Governorate and district councils. shown that the approach and methodologies undertaken need to take into account the local capacity and willingness to embrace changes. So far the methodology adopted was custom made to reflect the reality in the ground.

Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 66

5. Implementation Arrangements

5.1. Organisation and implementation procedures

5.1.1. National Advisory Committee

The Programme is overseen by a National Advisory Committee (NAC) co-chaired by the GoI Minister of Planning, KRI Minister of Planning, Head of the EU Delegation and UNDP Country Director, or their delegates. The Ministry of Planning at federal level will be the executive secretariat and coordinating body of the National Advisory Committee. The National Advisory Committee will also include 1 representative of the Prime Minister‘s Advisory Committee (PMAC), Ministry of Municipalities and Public Works (MoMPW) and Ministry of Municipalities in KRI, the Ministries of Finance of GoI and KRI and the 12 Governors. Key line ministries for service delivery at local level might be invited for consultations as observers – in particular Construction and Housing (MoCH), Health (MoH), Education (MoE), Labour and Social Affairs (MoLSA), Electricity (MoElectricity), Water Resources, (MoWR), and the Ministry of Transportation (MoT) and others.

The Chairpersons and Co-Chairs of the Governorate Provincial Steering Committees can also participate in National Advisory Committee meetings.

In April 2016, the National Advisory Committee meeting was organised in Amman, Jordan and was chaired by the EU Ambassador to Iraq, Deputy Minister of Planning in Iraq, KRG Deputy Minister of Planning. The meeting served as a forum to share the main objectives, achievements and the next steps of the programme with all stakeholders involved (Annex XX – National Advisory Committee Meeting in Amman: meeting minutes, invitation letter and presentations).

5.1.2. Programme Management staffing

UNDP is the leading agency for the Programme, acting as the primary UN agency responsible for this Programme. The Programme is led by a senior UNDP Programme Manager hired at the end of April 2015, reporting to the UNDP Country Director. Two Project managers were reqruited and located in Baghdad and Erbil.

 An administrative unit – comprised of a Programme Officer, Programme Assistant was established and reports to the Programme Manager. Additionally, Area Coordinators for Erbil, Dohuk, Suleimaniah, Basra, Missan, Muthana, Diyala, Qadessiyah, Ninewah, Kirkuk, Anbar, Salah al-Din were recruited.  During the reporting period the team was complete.  Consultants supporting programme activities were deployed and working on different assignments.

UNHABITAT’s components are led by a Regional/Urban Development Expert reporting to the senior UNDP Programme Manager. Hired in August 2016, she succeeds the previous project leader who left in July 2016. The technical activities are coordinated by a team composed by a National Urban Development Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 67

Planner hired in 2015, a Regional Spatial Analyst working on the National and Governorate Urban Strategies, a National Coordinator and two Project Assistants/GIS specialists. An Urban Heritage expert and a Municipal Finance specialist support diagnostic and planning activities and the development of deliverables where and when required.

5.1.3. Coordination arrangements

The National Advisory Committee oversees the implementation of the programme and discusses any major changes and/or bottlenecks. The National Advisory Committee meets annually and receives Annual Reports, providing a summary of substantive and financial progress against the provisions of the Programme document. The National Advisory Committee was not constituted and had Annual meeting in April 2016. (Annex XX – National Advisory Committee Meeting in Amman: meeting minutes, invitation letter and presentations)

UNDP is also drawing expertise from a UNHABITAT partner agency in order to jointly contribute to the results framework presented in this document, especially all activities related to sectoral support.

In addition:

Provincial Steering Committees. The management arrangements of the Programme follow the principles of the programme to empower local level structures of Government with primary decision-making authority. The Programme is led by a Governorate Programme Steering Committee in each Governorate. These Committees are chaired by the Governor. They convene the key governmental stakeholders to be associated with annual and strategic planning and local development and service delivery at the Governorate and districts levels, including line ministry representatives and members of the Provincial Council involved in the development process. They also include representation of civil society, in particular through independent and active members of local NGOs and associations, Chambers of Commerce and Industry and other key stakeholders as prescribed by the local conditions. Such committees have been established in all 12 Governorates. The Committees meet as deemed appropriate and in line by demand driven by the process of provincial planning. They are responsible for providing strategic advice, liaising with the Ministries of Planning, development and endorsement of the Provincial Development Strategies and any related issues. They also have the responsibility for establishing and supporting the Governorate Development Technical Team (GDTT) and overseeing and monitoring the execution of programme activities. Governorate Commitments – Charter of Principles. A key issue with previous civil society oriented projects in Iraq has been the lack of political will or lack of commitment or follow up on part of Iraqi counterparts. This Programme addressed this by inviting all Governorates to sign up to a Governorate Charter of Principles: as a condition for inclusion by the Programme and subsequent team deployment. Engagement with the Programme requires that Governorates sign the Charter or demonstrate adequate willingness and commitment to programme activities. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 68

The Governorate Charter clearly lays out the programme’s envisaged outputs and outcomes, and its guiding principles. These principles8 range from global issues (e.g. inclusivity, participation, human rights, gender equality) to ones related to Iraqi Counterpart commitments, to ownership and institutionalisation of the processes, techniques covered in the Programme, as well as commitments to provide in-kind contribution and implementation of a number of sub-projects/innovative interventions identified through joint participatory planning processes. The Charter of principles is signed by all 12 Governorates. (Annex XXVI – Signed Charter by Governorates)

5.1.4. Addendum

During the reporting period, request for Addendum 1 was submitted concerning the following:

(1) No cost extension of the project duration with 6 months: The activities are progressing with different dynamics due to the volatile political and security situation in Iraq. Therefore, the project would like to make sure that there is sufficient time, amounting to six (6) months, in the event any unpredictable circumstances would delay the finalization of the activities;

(2) Budget re-allocations between budget lines: Such reallocations are necessary due to the fact that in the original project budget, the amount allocated for activities was euro 1,482,590.00 and for visibility euro 289,280.00. These amounts were not sufficient for the implementation of the number of interventions under the project and the expected impact. The Project Management reviewed and optimised the expenditures under the Human Resources and related Administrative Costs items to be able to accumulate savings and reallocate the funds to the activities that are the core of project. Hence, ensuring project objectives are met. The accumulated savings amount to euro 2,423,312.70 and are requested to be reallocated to activities and visibility.

6. Visibility

Communication and Visibility activities were aligned with the visibility requirements of European Commission and EU-UN Joint Visibility Guidelines. These activities targeted the Iraqi Governorates promoting the Programme’s key principles of participation and inclusiveness, coordination, local acceleration of national social priorities and the SDGs, transparency and accountability, human rights, gender equality, protecting the most vulnerable, inclusion of disabled persons, environmental sustainability, and capacity development.

Visibility materials included rollup and horizontal banners, project briefs, reports, leaflets, billboards, branded tents, vests, hats, shirts, badges, tree tags and illustrated panels for consultation workshops.

The Online Platform, Blog and tutorial videos were branded as well.

8 The principles are described in detail under 2.3 Cross-cutting issues. Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 69

The war-damaged aging landline telephone infrastructure and the internet penetration means people of Iraq are increasingly more dependent on mobile phones in daily life and business. That is why EU-LADP included social media in the communication activities. The programme and some activities were promoted through social media updates and programme activities’ Facebook pages by posting educational EU videos, interactive posts inviting the audience to take part in daily quizzes and photo challenges encouraging them to comment and participate in activities. With this active engagement and social media outreach, the programme increased the visibility and expanded the audience.

Facebook pages

Dedicated Facebook pages were created for “Clean KRI in 1 day”, “Sustainable Energy Action Plan campaign” and Inno4Dev. The Facebook page for Sustainable Energy Action Plan9 campaign currently has over 4,700 followers. It is used to promote activities related to the programme activities aiming at raising awareness of protecting and conserving the environment. “Clean KRI in One Day” Campaign was promoted on the page with the announcement of the campaign and invitation to citizens to participate in the campaign. Campaign activities and community participation was visible from over 50 photographs and 3 videos uploaded on the Facebook page. Another important activity promoted through the page is the Student Innovation Competition on Sustainable Energy 2017 that was announced in January 2017. The photographs from outreach visits to the universities organized to further promote the competition were uploaded on the Facebook page. The Facebook page is also regularly updated with educational EU videos on energy efficiency and environmental protection. Innovation for Development (#Inno4Dev) is being promoted via IraqiYouthCafe Facebook page10 that currently counts over 28,700 followers, mainly young people who use the page as an open space to exchange opportunities, ideas and experiences. A promotional video was produced and published on the UNDP Iraq YouTube channel11. In this way, by using social media, the programme is working on maximizing its content potential.

Awareness campaigns

“Clean KRI in One Day” Campaign mobilized more than 16,000 volunteers, 100 NGOs and around 25 media channels in pro bono support of the implementation and coverage of the campaign live. Every participant wore a T-shirt and a hat with the campaign, EU and UNDP logos. Prior to the campaign, the campaign was promoted through TV interviews and discussions with government officials and environmental NGOs, cultural events in public parks and distribution of leaflets by children in public areas and shopping malls. Additionally, a TV spot with a call for action was produced and broadcasted, together with 2 other videos on the topic, by most of Kurdistan TV channels. To increase the visibility of the campaign posters were hanged on busy highroads as well as malls and some of the Governorate buildings. The campaign

9 Sustainable Energy Action Plan Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/SustainableEnergyactionPlan/ 10 IraqiYouthCafe Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/IraqiYouthCafe 11 Innovation for Development Promo Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=buWIpsxGhHI Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 70 announcement and achievements have received huge media coverage in KRI – many TV channels broadcasted it live.

“Clean Missan in One Day” campaign mobilised more than 10,000 volunteers from universities, high schools, NGOs, community leaders and Missan local Government under the slogan “Let’s make Missan beautiful in one day”. Every participant wore a T-shirt with the campaign, EU and UNDP logos. Promotion covered billboards in Missan, 1,000 publications, 1,000 invitations distributed. The campaign was promoted through a radio spot on Al-Ammal Radio channel and a TV spot on Missan Local TV. All stakeholders involved decided to implement the campaign under the slogan “Let’s make Missan beautiful in one day” and to design a campaign logo. The opening day of the campaign was attended by different media channels including Iraqia Al-Talea, Samara’a, Beladi, Aisa, AlDiar, Al-Game’aia Satellite TV, Missan Local TV, Missan local radio channel and Al-Amal channel. Moreover, different media agencies participated like Al-Mada Press, Ishtar Press, Neqtat Dhaw’a Press, Nena Press, Al-Fanar Press, Al-Sahafa Almustaqla press, Iraq news, AlMizan Press, Shafaq news press, Sada Alhuria Press. In addition, the press release was published on UNDP Iraq website for the campaign.

"Capital of Tolerance and Diversity” – Erbil marked the launch of its Provincial Development Strategy 2016-2018 with a breathtaking audiovisual performance at the historic Citadel. The light and sound event was open for public and thousands of people gathered in front of the Citadel to watch the show. The Erbil Citadel was the natural scene of the performance of the story that goes back to the establishment of one of the world's oldest living cities and ends with the development of a modern urban capital of Iraqi Kurdistan. UNDP Resident Representative and UN Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator for Iraq, Ms. Lise Grande and the Head of the EU Liaison Office in Erbil, Mr. Patrick Geysen gave speeches of support to the institutions in addressing current challenges, but also in working with civil society organizations and citizens at the national and local levels. H.E. Governor of Erbil, Mr. Nawzad Hadi, presented the provincial strategy. The ceremony was presided over by H.E. Prime Minister of the Kurdistan Regional Government, Mr. Nechirvan Barzani, and attended by members of the Council of Ministers, diplomatic corps and the Erbil Governorate. H.E. Prime Minister Nechirvan Barzani praised the strategy saying: “The announcement of this strategic plan during such a difficult time demonstrates that the will and determination of our people for building a better future and for promoting tolerance and coexistence is much stronger than the will of those who try to stop our path to prosperity and growth.” The visibility of the event was increased through production of branded back screen and roll-up banners, flyers and press releases published on UNDP Iraq website. The event received huge media coverage – all media attended and reported and RUDAW TV broadcasted it live – reaching out to a numerous audience in KRI.

Dohuk Provincial Development Strategy (PDS) 2016-2018 was launched in a ceremony organized in collaboration with an NGO NOREL and the Governorate. “Made in Dohuk” exhibition was organized from 28-29 May 2016 that featured (1) traditional handmade clothes and carpets and live demonstration using antique instruments, (2) crafts, cultural and daily life items from the museum of Dohuk, (3) photos of old Dohuk and historical references, (4) paintings by youth on Dohuk today, (5) antique musical instruments and live performance, (6) agriculture and tourism potential, (7) innovation and architectural projects by students, (7) handmade crafts and other items by refugees, IDPs, and host communities, (8) and a special exhibition of photos taken by refugee children, participants in the ‘Exile Voices’ project by Reza Visual Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 71

Academy of National Geographic contributing photographer Reza. A Carnival of Dohuk organized by the Governorate preceded the launch. In his opening speech the Governor of Dohuk, Mr. Farhad Amin Atrushi, underlined: “Citizens of Dohuk deserve the highest social and economic welfare levels and a governance system that invests resources efficiently. We are strongly committed to achieve this through the Provincial Development Strategy that was tailored to address the needs and aspirations of Dohuk and its people.” Special guests were participants in “Exile Voices: Camp Reporters”, an initiative by Reza Visual Academy that expressed life in Kawergosk Syrian Refugee Camp through photos by young refugees. 41 large photos were on display, many from a 370-meter long gigantic photo exhibition along the River Seine in Paris. 37 innovation projects presented at the exhibition were evaluated by a jury on the basis of special criteria; the top 3 were awarded – a software, hearing aid device and smart learning through paperless education.

The exhibition ‘Exile Voices”12 was also organized on 25 November 2016 in the European Commission’s Berlaymont Building in Brussels to raise awareness about the ongoing humanitarian and development challenges in Iraq. Organized under the patronage of High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and Vice-President of the European Commission, Ms. Federica Mogherini, and supported by the EU-UNDP Local Area Development Programme in Iraq, the exhibition “Exile Voices: Camp Reporters”, revealed a youthful yet strikingly mature perspective of forced displacement and exile, with childhood reflected through art to share a window on the pains of war and dreams of a better future. EU- LADP was presented with a video on programme activities at the beginning of the exhibition. The event was filmed and a video was produced to multiply the impact. The videos were published on the official UNDP Iraq YouTube channel. Social media campaign promoting the exhibition and the EU-UN partnership in Iraq was channeled via the UNDP in Brussels Twitter page.

At the Information Conference on EU-Iraq Cooperation on 20 June 2016 in Baghdad, the EU-LADP presented a 4-minute video13 developed to promote the programme objective, activities and work. The event was organized for the purpose of introducing EU funded projects implemented by different UN agencies, NGOs and private companies. It was opened by the EU Ambassador in Iraq and Minister of Planning and was attended by other UN agencies, NGOs and private companies that presented their EU funded projects. In his opening remarks, EU Ambassador to Iraq Mr. Patrick Simonnet said: “we are committed to help build some prospects for the people of Iraq to believe in the future and regain hope in their institutions, country, and economic and political progress.” He also added that “one proven way to address the challenges is through cooperation, and this can be seen through actual illustrations [these successful projects] and how it translates from concept to concrete, from idea to action.” The conference was broadcasted by many news agencies on TV, Iraqiya, Al-Rasheed, Dijlah, Al-Sumaria and several local TV stations. (Annex XXIV – Information Conference on EU-Iraq Cooperation in Baghdad, June 2016: Agenda)

The programme considers that external communications and information dissemination, specifically those relating to ongoing activities, should always be an ongoing process. Therefore, during the reporting period, this important aspect of the programme was enhanced with providing updates on a regular and consistent

12 Video from the “Exile Voices: Camp Reporters” photo exhibitonin Brussels: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eeYpo8lQnug 13 EU-LADP short presentation video: https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BzwE7ew6Dd5oRkZFNXd0eUJMcnc Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 72 basis presented in the form of news stories, press releases, Facebook posts, tweets and videos. Utilizing social media channels to further expand the EU-LADP’s outreach and to disseminate messages, results and activities was in the focus of the programme’s communications strategy since a significantly large community in Iraq regularly or on a frequent basis access popular social media channels such as Facebook and Twitter. This opportunity allows the programme to tap into the audience and by using existing marketing tools offered by such social media services would further allow us to increase our outreach for a relatively minimal expense.

Such an example of an outreach success is the online application for participation in Innovation for Development Gatherings that was shared on social media accompanied by a promotion campaign online and offline. The campaign reached over 300,000 young people nationwide resulted in over 1,400 applications. The programme developed and published 13 press releases on the UNDP Iraq website.

The “Exile Voices: Camp Reporters” exhibition in Brussels was promoted, along with EU-LADP and EU-UN Partnership, with 9 tweets on UNDP Brussels Twitter page re-tweeted by the European Commission.

The programme developed 3 videos and every activity was supported with photos and visibility materials (banners, leaflets, shirts, hats, vests etc). The EU-LADP 11-minute documentary was developed for promotional and visibility purpose14.

Media coverage of activities and events was achieved through building ties with the local media organizations. The number of participating media organizations per activity was on average between 15 and 20 which created greater public awareness on EU-LADP’s work through positive media coverage.

All events’ materials and presentations were also branded in line with joint EU-UN visibility guidelines and the relevant partners’ requirements. Programme events and activities were all covered by video and photo. Press releases were also developed and posted on the UNDP website (Annex XXVII – Visibility links and material; Annex XXVIII – Photos and videos).

7. Conclusion

The country was torn by a military conflict and some areas are still occupied. It was difficult to advance in the implementation of programme activities particularly in the Governorates most affected by the conflict and in grave security situation making some areas totally inaccessible. The general mobility within Iraq was very restricted – mobility being of vital importance for a local governance programme whereby the presence at local level is the start of everything. This situation had a great impact on the delivery of programme activities that required creativity and innovation to deal with.

14 EU-LADP Documentary: https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BzwE7ew6Dd5oZ0ZnMzZZSHR1ZWM Local Area Development Programme in Iraq – Annual Report (1 Feb 2016 – 31 Jan 2017) 73

All accumulated delays in the implementation of the programme activities were overcome one way or another. The dynamics of the progress is different, but most of the activities will see completion during the next year of intervention.

The project is considered successful and is highly appreciated by both central and local counterparts and extension of the project was officially requested by the GoI Ministry of Planning.