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Index Certain well-known Romans are indexed under their familiar names; others under their nomen, their main family name, e.g. Cicero, but his brother, Q. Tullius Cicero. L. Accius 142, 146 Antony (M. Antonius the triumvir) Achaean League 32, 34, 36–7 69–71, 153, 159 M’. Acilius Glabrio, consul 191 33 L. Appuleius Saturninus 52–4 consul 67 62 aqueducts 21, 110, 113 aediles 17–8, 113–4, 125, 155 Arabia 159–60 L. Aelius Seianus 89, 104 Arausio 52, 146 M. Aemilius Lepidus, consul 78 architecture 43–4, 107–11 59–60 Ariminum (Rimini) 27, 30, 36 the triumvir 71–4, 99, 134 Armenia 61–2, 74, 160–1 L. Aemilius Paulus, consul 168 34 army Aeneas 13, 15, 147–8 under Augustus 70, 131, 160–4 aerarium (treasury, temple of Saturn) under kings 13 4, 11, 105, 163 under Republic 17, 22, 43, 52–3, Aetolian League 30, 32 83–4 Africa 5, 10, 26, 50–2, 68, 72, 89 aristocracy 17, 19, 21, 41 agrarian laws 43, 49–50, 52, 63–4 Arval Brethren 134 agriculture 43–4, 125–31 assemblies 16, 18, 41, 48–9, 57 and Agrippa, Marcus Vipsanius 8, 10, see comitia 73, 75, 78, 81, 89, 101, 104, Athens 1, 10, 56, 58 108–9, 111 M. Atilius Regulus 26 Alba Fucens 89, 123 Attalus I of Pergamum 30, 32 AlexanderCOPYRIGHTED the Great 1–2, 10, 23–4 Atticus MATERIAL (T. Pomponius, Q. Caecilius) annales 15–16, 147–8 84, 87 T. Annius Milo 65–6, 99 augury 134–5 Antiochus III of Syria 31–3 Augustus (formerly C. Octavius, Antiochus IV of Syria 34 C. Iulius Caesar Octavianus) Antium (Anzio) 20–1, 127 after Caesar’s murder 70–1 M. Antonius, consul 99 143 as triumvir 71–6, 99, 162 M. Antonius, praetor 74 60 building 108–11, 141, 155 Index 193 constitutional and administrative Catullus, C. Valerius 102, 141, 143 arrangements 77–9, 111–15, censor(s) 17, 61–2, 120 161–4 census 17, 61, 83–7 court 81–3 centuriation 22–3, 36, 126 family 79–81 Cicero, M. Tullius 9–10, 61–5, 71, religious reforms 133–4 82, 84, 99–100, 119–20, 127, auxiliary forces 103, 161–2, 164 129, 132, 135, 139–41, 143, Aventine hill 17–8, 107 146, 148–9, 153, 163 circus entertainment 123, 157–8 Bacchanals 45, 104, 133 Circus Maximus 123, 151, 158 basilicas 108–9, 115 citizenship, Roman 49–50, 54–5, 57 baths 110–11, 152 Ap. Claudius Pulcher, censor 312 22, Bithynia 56, 60, 63 24 Bononia (Bologna) 36 M. Claudius Marcellus, consul 222 Britain 65, 160 105 Brundisium (Brindisi) 10, 27, 58, 72 Augustus’ adopted son 80 Cleopatra VII 68, 72, 74–6, 80 Caecilia Metella, mausoleum 154 clients 17–18, 41, 92, 100–1 Q. Caecilius Metellus Numidicus, P. Clodius Pulcher 64–7, 101 consul 109 52–3 coinage Q. Caecilius Metellus Pius, consul 80 Roman 27, 29, 55–6, 71–2, 75, 60 77, 114, 117–8 M. Caelius Rufus 88, 110 other 54, 117–8 caementicium (concrete) 46, 150 collegia 65, 68, 101 Caesar , C. Iulius, the dictator 17, coloniae 20, 22, 27, 36, 50, 68 62–70, 80, 82–3, 99, 136, 148, comitia (centuriata) 16, 57, 83, 97, 155, 159 108 calendar 68, 102, 151–3 and see comitium 23, 106, 123–4 Fasti Concord 107 Camillus (Marcus Furius) 20 constitution of Republic 16–18, Campania/ Campanians 20–2, 25, 41–2 30, 59, 131, 156 of Principate 77–9, 111–5, 120 Campus Martius 23, 108, 112 consul(s) 16, 78, 113, 125 Cannae 27 contracts Capitol (Capitoline hill) 12–13, 49, private 116–7 53, 107–8, 122, 124, 155 public 120 Carthage 23–4, 36–7, 39, 50, 72, Cora 20 124 Corinth 32, 36–7, 39 Punic Wars 25–31, 36 Coriolanus, Cn. Marcius 20 C. Cartilius Poplicola 89–90 L. Cornelius Balbus, suffect 40 81, C. Cassius Longinus, the tyrannicide 102 69, 71–2, 99 L. Cornelius Cinna, consul 87 57–8 Castor (temple) 13, 105, 109, 135, L. Cornelius Scipio, consul 190 33 140 P. Cornelius Scipio Africanus, consul Catiline (L. Sergius Catilina) 63 205 30, 33 194 Index L. Cornelius Sulla, consul 88 52, Romanum 12, 45, 105, 108–9, 54–9, 109 115, 153 Cumae 15–6, 73 forums outside Rome 124 Manius Curius Dentatus 24 freedmen/women 80, 82–3, 87, 92–5 Cyprus 65 frontiers 159–60 M. Fulvius Flaccus, consul 125 decemviri (law commisioners) 17 49–51 decemviri stlitibus iudicand is 114 funerals 79–80, 91–2, 153–4 D. Decimus Brutus 69–71 M. Decimus Brutus, the tyrannicide Gabii 136 69, 71–2, 99, 118 A. Gabinius, consul 58 62, 65, 95 Delos 35 Gaius Caesar, adopted son of dictator 17, 58, 69 Augustus 81, 109, 141 dining 40, 152–4 games (ludi) 134, 155–6 C. Duilius 26 Gaul, Cisalpine 27, 36, 43, 52, 64, 67 education 141–2 Transalpine 6, 8, 52, 60, 65–6, 68, Egypt 5, 24, 31, 63–4, 68, 74–6, 79, 103, 163 83, 88, 95, 149, 163–4 Gauls 15, 20–1, 23, 27, 33, 39 elections 16–17, 112 German bodyguards 83 empire Germans 52, 65, 107, 161 Roman attitudes to 40, 159–60 gladiators 105, 155–6 Q. Ennius, the poet 142, 144 grain, import and dsitribution 50, equestrian order 50–1, 53, 59–61, 63, 65, 68, 85, 113 64, 84–9, 93 Greek infl uence 15, 24, 139–43, Esquiline hill 12, 107–8 149–50 Etruria/Etruscans 13–14, 16, 20, 23, 54–5, 63, 102, 104, 138, 156–7 Hannibal 27–31, 33 Eumenes II of Pergamum 33–4 Helvetii 65 Herculaneum 91, 94, 96 Q. Fabius Maximus, consul 233 29 Hiero II of Syracuse 25, 29 Q. Fabius Pictor 147 A. Hirtius 70–1, 148 C. Fabricius Luscinus 24 holidays 151–2, 155–8 Fasti 102, 135–7 Horace (Q. Horatius Flaccus) 82, 86, and see calendar 89, 91–3, 102, 106, 120, 131, father, power of 80, 97–8 139, 141–2 festivals 137–8, 151–2, 155–6 Hortensia 99 fi des (good faith) 135 Hortensian law 23, 42 fi nance, public 27, 29, 162–4 C. Flaminius, consul 223 29 Illyria/Illyricum 27–9, 34, 64 Fortuna 136, 138 imperial cult 79, 101 Forum Augusti 107 Indians 1, 4–5, 7–9 Boarium 12, 23 inheritance 19, 47 Caesaris 107, 122 Isis 74, 104, 139 Index 195 Italian allies 22, 43–5 Lucretius (T. Lucretius Carus) 140, war of 54–8 143 C. Lutatius Catulus, consul 242 26 Jews (Judaea) 34, 62–3, 103–4, 133, Q. Lutatius Catulus, consul 78 60 139 consul 102 143 Jugurtha 51–2 luxury 41, 121, 152 -3 daughter of Augustus 80 Julia, daughter of Caesar 64, 66 Macedonia 23–4, 28–9, 31–4, 37–8, Jupiter Capitolinus, temple 105 40, 56, 71–2 macellum (market) 119 kings of Rome 12–13, 15–17 Maecenas, C. Cilnius 82 Magna Mater (Great Mother) 135 Q. Labienus Parthicus 72, 118 C. Manilius 62 land, public 17, 20, 43–4, 125–7 manufacture 121, 125 lares 138 manumission 92–3 Latin language 10, 13, 102 L. Marcius Philippus, consul 91 92, Latin colonies 20 106 Latins 13, 20–2, 43–5, 49, 54 Q. Marcius Philippus, consul 186 34 Iunian 93–4 C. Marius, consul 107 51–4, 56–7, Latium 13–14, 16 161 Lavinium 13 marriage 80, 97–8, 152 law, private 80, 94–5, 97–8, 116–7, Mars 107, 109 122 Masinissa 30, 36 public 41, 50, 59, 61, 115–6, 132 Massilia (Marseilles) 28, 35, 68 and see Twelve Tables mausoleum(s) 81, 89, 154 legions, see army Messana 25, 74 letter-writing 148–9 Metaurus, battle 30 L. Licinius Crassus, consul 95 81, Mithridates VI of Pontus 10, 55–6, 141 58, 60–3 M. Licinius Crassus, consul 70 60–1, Q. Mucius Scaevola, consul 95 141 63–4, 66, 108 Mutina (Modena) 27, 70 L. Licinius Lucullus, consul 74 58, 60–2, 64, 108, 159 Cn. Naevius 142, 147 Livia Drusilla, Augustus’ second wife Q. Naevius Sutorius Macro 89, 157 80, 94, 99–100 navigation 6–7 Livius Andronicus, poet 14, 142 navy, Roman 21, 25–6, 62, 164 M. Livius Drusus, tribune 91 54, 81 Neapolis (Naples) 15, 21, 102 M. Livius Drusus, tribune 122 50 “nobles” 41 Livy (Titus Livius) 148 Norba 20 local government 124–5 C. Lucilius, satirist 143, 152, 156 Octavia, Augustus’ sister 72–4, 80 M. Lucilius Paetus 89 Cn. Octavius, consul 87 57 Lucius Caesar, adopted son of M. Octavius, tribune 133 49 Augustus 81, 109, 141 L. Opimius, consul 121 51, 107 196 Index Oscan language 13, 21, 54, 102 M. Porcius Cato, praetor 54 64 peoples 15, 58 Portunus, temple 65–6 Ovid (P. Ovidius Naso) 86, 89, praefectus urbi 114–5 113–4, 122–3, 135–6, 158 Praeneste (Palestrina) 13, 23–4, 58, 95, 102, 137, 144–5 Paestum (Poseidonia) 15, 123 praetor 17, 59, 113, 125 painting 23, 149 praetorian guard 83, 114, 163 Palatine hill 11–13, 82, 107, 135, priests 12, 52, 74, 133–4 158 C. Proculeius 82, 94 Parthia/ Parthians 5–6, 9, 56, 66, 72, proletarii 83–4 74, 159–60 Propertius, Sextus 102, 143 patricians 17, 19, 21, 41 Provocatio 17–18, 42, 44, 49 patrimony, of emperor 163–4 Ptolemy XII of Egypt 63–4 patrons 17–18, 21, 41, 79, 81, 92, Publilius Syrus 103, 143 100–1, 152–3 Puteoli (Pozzuoli) 88–9, 91, 96, 127, Pergamum 30, 32–4, 49, 149 139, 156 Perseus, king of Macedon 34 Pyrrhus, king of Epirus 23–4 Perusia 72 Philip V, king of Macedon 28–9, quaestio de repetundis (jury court for 31–4 recovery) 50, 52–3 philosophy 139–40 quaestors 17, 59, 85–6, 91, 114, pietas 132 125 Pietrabbondante 144–5 P.
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    Salus Patriae: Public Health and the Roman State Caroline Garrahan Wazer Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2017 © 2017 Caroline Wazer All rights reserved ABSTRACT Salus Patriae: Public Health and the Roman State Caroline Wazer The Romans had a term for public health, salus publica, which was frequently invoked in a political context, but the concept is rarely discussed in historical studies of Roman political ideology, medicine, or infrastructure. This dissertation offers a diachronic analysis of the development of the term from the middle Republic to the beginning of the third century CE using four case studies: Senatorial responses to epidemic disease, the construction of aqueducts, the state recognition of medical authorities, and the healthcare of the military. While medical theory and hydraulic technology are relevant throughout, in each case changes in the abstract and concrete meaning of salus publica are more closely tied to broader political and social changes including the expansion of the empire, the self- presentation of the emperor, and the role of the individual citizen in the Roman state. Contents Lists of tables and figures iv Acknowledgements v Chapter 1. Introduction 1 I. What Roman public health? 1 II. The historiography of Roman public health 10 a. The Sanitarians 10 b. Rethinking Roman health and sanitation 14 c. New paradigms 26 d. Pre-modern public health on its own terms 30 III. Revisiting Roman public health 34 IV. A note on definitions: the Roman state and Roman medicine 46 Chapter 2.
  • 2005 State Latin Forum Certamen

    2005 State Latin Forum Certamen

    2007 FJCL Certamen Level II, Round 1 1. What war began with a cavalry skirmish between Hannibal and Roman forces under the command of P. Cornelius Scipio in 218 B.C.? SECOND PUNIC Where was this skirmish? TICINUS RIVER At what battle in the same year did Hannibal crush an army under the command of Scipio and T. Sempronius Longus? TREBIA RIVER 2. Who put forth his claim to the throne of Iolcus when he turned twenty-one years of age? JASON Name Jason’s uncle who had usurped his father’s throne. PELIAS Who had raised Jason in a cave until he was old enough to challenge Pelias for the throne? CHIRON 3. Differentiate in meaning between cadō and caedō. CADO, FALL / CAEDO, CUT / KILL ...pareō and parcō. PAREO, OBEY / PARCO / SPARE ...soleō and doleō SOLEO, BE ACCOSTOMED / DOLEO, GRIEVE 4. In respect to the Roman familial structure, who or what were adfīnēs? RELATIONS BY MARRIAGE ...who or what were cognātī? RELATIONS BY BLOOD ...who or what were agnātī? RELATIONS / DESCENDANTS THROUGH THE MALE LINE 5. From what Latin verb with what meaning do we derive “prompt” and “redeem”? EMO, BUY ...do we derive “pestiferous” and “translation”? FERO, BEAR / CARRY ...do we derive “avail” and “convalesence”? VALEO, BE WELL / BE STRONG 6. Change the phrase omnis res to the ablative singular. OMNI RE Change omnī rē to the plural. OMNIBUS REBUS Change omnibus rēbus to the genitive. OMNIUM RERUM 7. When Oedipus unknowingly killed his father Laius on the road outside Thebes, what destination had Laius been traveling to? DELPHI What brothers co-ruled in Thebes during Laius’ childhood? AMPHION & ZETHUS What regent of Thebes had Amphion and Zethus killed in order to rescue their mother? LYCUS 8.