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A New Phoretic Deuteronymph of Halodarcia KARG (Acari: Mesostigmata: Halolaelapidae) Associated with Carabid Beetles in Belgium with a Review of the Genus

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A New Phoretic Deuteronymph of Halodarcia KARG (Acari: Mesostigmata: Halolaelapidae) Associated with Carabid Beetles in Belgium with a Review of the Genus BULLETIN DE L'INSTITUT ROYAL DES SCIENCES NATURELLES DE BELGIQUE, ENTOMOLOGIE, 65: 63-71, 1995 BULLETIN VAN HET KONINKLIJK BELGISCH INSnfUUT VOOR NATUURWETENSCHAPPEN, ENTOMOLOGIE, 65: 63-71, 1995 10, 7 2 A new phoretic deuteronymph of Halodarcia KARG (Acari: Mesostigmata: Halolaelapidae) associated with carabid beetles In Belgium with a review of the genus. Gwilym O. EVANS and A. FAIN Abstract Description of species Order Mesostigmata The deuteronymph ofHalodal'cia cal'abidophila sp.nov. occurr­ Family Halolaelapidae KARG ing under the elytra of four species of Carabidae (Insecta) in Genus Halodarcia KARG 1969 Belgium is described and compared morphologically with the same instar ofthe two previously described species ofthe genus, Deuteronymphs with podonotal and opisthonotal shields, Halodal'cia incideta KARG and Halodal'cia pOl'olata KARG. The adults with holodorsal shield; podonotal shield of deuteronymphs ofH. incideta and H. pOl'olata are shown to have deuteronymph with 15 or 16 pairs of setae, zl on been assigned originally to the wrong species resulting in the unsclerotized cuticle, opisthonotal shield with 10-13 pairs; deuteronymph of H. incideta sensu KARG 1969 being transfer­ red to H. pOl'olata and that of H. pOl'olata sensu KARG 1969 podonotal region of holodorsal shield of female with 16 to H. in cideta. A key is provided for the identification of the or 17 pairs of setae (zl on shield, s4 on shield or on deuteronymphs. The relationship of the genus Halodal'cia to unsclerotized cuticle), opisthonotal region with setae J3 other genera included in the Halolaelapidae is discussed and a absent, J5 in advance of Z5 and with 4 pairs of 8 setae division of the family into two subfamilies, Halodarciinae and (85 offshield). Podonotal and opisthonotal regions each Halolaelapinae, is proposed. with 4 pairs of primary gland pores (gd7 present), large K,ey words: Mites (Acari: Halolaelapidae). Sub-elytral phoretics in adult's, supernumerary gland pores on podonotum pre­ of Carabidae (Coleoptera). Belgium. sent or absent; gland pores gd3 and 10 associated with peritrematic shield. Posterior region ofidiosoma ofadults with aciculate areas resembling cribrum of ventrianal shield. Sternal pores iv3 lacking; gv3 duplex, solenostomes on platelet. Presternal shields' strongly developed in the female; sternal shield fused with endopodal elements of Introduction coxae l-I1 and I1-III in adults but not in deuteronymph; genital shield of female with hyaline flap produced into The mites forming the subject of this work were found slender pointed process; adults with ventrianal shield, under the elytra of four species of beetles of the family deuteronymphs with anal shield; peritrematic shield Carabidae in Belgium. All are deuteronymphs and enlarged in the adult and free or fused with the exopodal members of the genus Halodarcia KARG shield of coxa IV. Spermatodactyl directed anteriorly and (Halolaelapidae). They were collected by Dr. M. hook-like at extremity. Seven transverse rQws ofdenticles DUFRENE and Mr M.1. NOTI, Department of Ecology on subcapitulum (Q2-Q8), Qx row weakly developed; and Biogeography, Catholic University of Louvain, rows not confined to capitular groove in adults. Pedipalp Belgium in the course of ecological studies on the apotele three-tined, chaetotaxy ofpalptrochanter to genu Carabidae of Belgium. A list of mites collected from (2-5-6). Genu and tibia of leg I each with 6 dorsal setae carabid beetles in Belgium, including a redescription of (2-312-3/1-2), femur I with 13 setae, genu III with 9 setae. the deuteronymph of Halodarcia incideta KARG 1969, has Leg II ofmale without spurs. Sensory field of tarsus I in been published by FAIN et al. (1995). They referred to the nymphs and adults with conspicuous goose-neck sensillus; new species described in that work as Halodarcia sp. acuminate paradactyli and setae adl-pdl oftarsi I1-IV of The terminologies for the dorsal idiosomatic chaetotaxy protonymphs and adults extending well beyond the and the leg chaetotaxy follow the systems of LINDQUIST ambulacrum. Adults free-living in litter and humus in & EVANS (1965) and EVANS (1963), respectively. The damp or wet situations; deuteronymphs, ofat least some system of nomenclature for the cuticular glands and species, sub-elytral phoretics of carabid beetles. "poroids" is that of Athias-Henriot (1971, 1975). Type species: Halodarcia incideta KARG 1969. 64 G.O. EVANS & A. FAIN Halodarcia carabidophila sp. novo of three sigilla and on an antero-ventral projection (Fig. 6). All dorsal and ventral shields micropunctate. Deuteronymph: Dorsum of idiosoma with two shields, Cheliceral digits relatively shorter and stouter than in podonotal shield 250-275 flm in median length and Halodarcia porolata and H. incideta (Fig. 16), fixed digit 190-240 flm in width at the level ofsetae s3, opisthonotal with five teeth, the three proximal teeth considerably shield 200-220 flm in median length and 208-225 flm at stronger than the two distal; pilus dentilis as in Fig. 7. anterior margin (Fig. 1). Podonotal shield with fifteen Movable digit (46 flm in length) with four or five small pairs of setae comprisingj1-j6,z2-z6 and s2,s3,s5,s6. Setae teeth; antiaxial and dorsal slit organs present, dorsal seta zl short (12-15 flm), subspinose and situated on unscle­ well developed. rotized cuticle anterior to the shield. Setae of the Gnathotectum subtriangular in shape with toothed lateral podonotal shield smooth and subequal :j1 (19-23 flm),j5 margins and tapering bifurcate median process (Fig. 8). (24-25 flm), z5 (26-28 flm). Surface of shield reticulate, Subcapitular groove with seven transverse lines (Q2-Q8) with four pairs of gland pores (gll,2,4,5 - open circles in with few or several denticles, line Qx inconspicuous and Fig. 1) and five pairs of poroids (represented in solid without distinct denticles; hypostomatic and palpcoxal black). Sigilla indicated by dotted areas. Seven pairs of setae subequal in length (Fig. 9). Palpomeres with nor­ setae on lateral unsclerotized cuticle. mal complement of setae; seta v2 on trochanter pilose, Opisthonotal shield normally with ten pairs of setae al on femur and all and al2 on genu pilose and spatulate (10-10) comprising JI,2,4,5; zl-5 and S2 (Fig. 1), variants in distal half; palpal claw (apotele) with three prongs, with 9 setae on one side due to the absence of Z3 or Z4, posterior prong slender. or with 11 setae on one side of the body resulting from All legs with ambulacra comprising lobed pulvilli and the addition ofS3 (Fig. 2), S4 or 13 (Fig. 3). Setae simple paired claws. or sparsely barbed, subequal in length, J2 (22-25 flm), Z2 Pulvillus with lobed dorsal component and larger ventral and Z5 (26-27flm). Four pairs ofgland pores (gd6-9) and caruncle as shown in the partially retracted puvillus and one pair of supernumerary gland pores internal to gd8 claws oftarsus IV in Fig. 10. Telotarsal setae ad1/pd1 not (overlying dark tissue mass in lactic acid macerated extending beyond the anterior margin of the ambulacral specimens). Normally 8 pairs of poroids present, idm1 stalk. Chaetotaxy offemora, genua and tibiae as follows: associated with gd6 conspicuously absent (cf Figs. 1 & Femora (I-IV) (2-5/4-2); (2-5/3-1); (1-3/1-1); (1-3/1-1). 14). Surface of shield reticulate; five paired groups of Genua (I-IV) (2-3/2,3/1-2); (2-311,2/1-2); (2-211,211-1); sigilla indicating the dorsal attachment sites offive pairs (2-2/1,311-1). of dorso-ventral opisthosomatic muscles. Lateral Tibiae (I-IV) (2-3/2,311-2): (2-2/1,211-2); (2-111,211-1); unsclerotized cuticle bearing setae SI and S3-5 and two (2-111,3/1-2). rows of marginal setae. Coxae Il with weak anterior spine. Tarsus I with distal Ventrally, tritosternum biramous with laciniae distinctly sensory field comprising 12 blunt-ended chemoreceptors, pilose, apical pilae long and extending well beyond tip a characteristic goose-neck sensillus, inflated distally and oflaciniae (Fig. 4). Sternal shield, 210-231 flm in length ending in a fine process, and a number ofmechanorecep­ and 81-92 flm in maximum width, weakly ornamented and torswith pointed tips (Fig. 11). Tarsi Il-IV with four with the normal four pairs of setae (stl-4) but only two basitarsal and 12 telotarsal setae, majority of setae with pairs of lyrifissures (ivl-2). Lyrifissure iv2 typically obli­ one to three barbules. que and removed from margin of shield. Sternal shield Locality: known only from deuteronymphs found under not fused with the endopodalia between coxae I-Il, Il-III the elytra of the following species of Carabidae in and Ill-IV. Opisthogaster with six longitudinal rows of Belgium: Agonum versutum (GYLLENHAL), Pterostichus setae forming three paired series, inner series each with diligens (STURM) and Pterostichus minor (GYLLENHAL) 5 setae, medial series normally each with five setae but collected in traps at the borders ofa pond, "Les Eplattis", anterior seta (Zv1 sensu LINDQUIST & EVANS, 1965) Ardenne; A. versutum from borders of a pond CEtang de sometimes absent, and outer series very variable with 0-3 Luchy), Ardenne; Pterostichus versicolor (STURM) from setae (Fig. 4). Four platelets posterior to genital setae (st5 a sandy moor, Vallee du Zijpbeek, C,ampine. Holotype of some authors) and one pair posterior to first pair of from A. versutum, collecting station "Les Eplattis", postgenital setae. One ofthe pair of iv5 "poroids" rarely Ardenne (locality: 5° 18' 36", 49° 45' 43") and deposited with a microseta (Fig. 4). Inguinal gland platelet with two with paratypes in the Institut Royal des Sciences pores (gv2). One pair of metapodal shields. Anal shield Naturelles de Belgique, Brussels; paratypes also in the col­ (78-90 flm long and 60-72flm wide at the level of the lections of The Natural History Museum, London.
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