Kondoli Village and Its Role in World War II

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Kondoli Village and Its Role in World War II International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Available online at www.sciencescholar.us Vol. 4 No. 1, April 2020, pages: 99-105 e-ISSN: 2550-7001, p-ISSN: 2550-701X https://doi.org/10.29332/ijssh.v4n1.413 Kondoli village and its role in world war II Madona Kebadze a, Tamar Lekaidze b Manuscript submitted: 09 January 2020, Manuscript revised: 27 February 2020, Accepted for publication: 18 March 2020 Corresponding Author a Abstract The village of Kondoli the Telavi municipality is mentioned in the following written sources: Vakhushti Bagrationi's "Description of the Kingdom of Georgia" (4: 542,6,8; 547.2), John Bagrationi's "Description of Kartli-Kakheti" (Bagrationi 1986: 68), XVII-XVIII JSC Historical Documents (Chronicles 1897: 492; Doc. Soci. Hist. 1940: 331; 1953: 274; Georgian Law No. 1965: 409; 1972: 216, 653; 1974: 648; 1981: 59, 742, 1985: 487, 661, 662), by Johann -43, 263). Vakhushti Bagrationi tells us about the village Kondoli: "Bodbe ... the bishop sits, the shepherdGuildenstadt of the“A Journeysword before to Georgia the Kondoli(Giuldenstedt ... and 1964:there 41are his saddles on the sword before the Kondole and Manava" (Acts 4: 542,6-8). Kondoli in XVII-XVIII Keywords centuries belonged to the Alaverdi Temple (Georgian Law No. 1972: 312). Condolences were owned by Andronikashvilis (Doc. Soci. Hist. 1940: 331; 1953: Abashidze; 274). World War II was a large-scale war on its scale. All the republics of the airplane; Soviet Union, including Georgia, found themselves in a state of war. This war, Georgians; perpetrated by the Germans, was perceived by the peoples of the Soviet Union Kondolი village; as a "Great Patriotic War" as each of them faced destruction. Participation in the Lionidze Holes; war was perceived as the struggle of each republic for its homeland and the Solomon Lionidze; survival of the united states from fascism, as the plans for the conquest of Vermicht were similar to those of the Soviet Union and rendered them fascist. More than half a million people, some 200,000 of them dead or missing, we're left with 100,000. The village of Condoli with its brave hero was no exception. Many young people were recruited from this village, many of whom had never returned home. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities © 2020. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 99 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 100 2 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 103 Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................................................................ 103 a Iakob Gogebashvili Telavi State University, Georgia b Doctorate of Doctoral Program in New and Recent History, Iakob Gogebashvili Telavi State University, Georgia 99 100 e-ISSN : 2550-7001 p-ISSN : 2550-701X References ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 104 Biography of Authors ...................................................................................................................................................................... 105 1 Introduction Condol --- Village in Telavi Municipality. It is located on the plain of Alazani, on the left bank of the Kisiskhevi River. 460 meters above sea level, 6 kilometers from Telavi. Kondol is one of those historic villages in Georgia, whose existence and sweet-bitter life shaped the famous history of the Georgian nation (Teachman & Tedrow, 2004; Waldenström & Frey, 2008; Escobar, 1989; Eichengreen, 1994). It was one of the most beautiful parts of the beautiful Alazani Valley from ancient times, but over time the indigenous peoples gradually settled to the south and formed the geographical area of today's rural development. Thakara sun and the highly fertile Alazani valley have always provided favorable conditions for crop production. The village has long been known for producing famous wheat bread (wheat varieties). It was from Kona-Kondi that the wheat of the Dohlites was confined to a village called Con-Dohl, then the Condole. Kondol's children from ancient times were distinguished by their bravery. It is noteworthy that Solomon Lionidze's adviser to King Erekle was a Condolean and had a native, large wine cellar in the Condole (today there are vineyards in the village of Condole called by the locals as Lionidze's caves. King Erekle was a frequent visitor (Swuste et al., 2014; Wansink et al., 2008; Gordon, 1998; Robinette & Fraumeni 1978). Condoleans have been a source of income for viticulture. Kondol's praise is also known for the character of the great Georgian historian Vakhushti Batonishvili. She writes: "Good wine, great Condolean." World War II, the most extensive war ever carried on any Georgian family. These are not exaggerated words. We will find out from the materials below. Contents: All the republics of the Soviet Union, including Georgia, have found themselves in a state of war. The day after the declaration of war, mobilization began in Georgia the next day (Four volumes of the history of Georgia (from ancient times to the end of XX century), Volume I, Tb. 2012,1, 369) (Netter, 2014; Kang et al., 2006; Pesonen et al., 2010; Forstmeier et al., 2009; Antara et al., 2019). Here, the materials provided by us are given in the village of Telavi district. List of recruits for the Condoleezza example. All these data, which are kept in the Telavi Regional Archive, belong to 1939-1940, 1942-1943. Follow the materials in order (style is protected): 1. Condolis Sq. Council, 1939 A list of those who have turned twenty years old and who continue to study at this time. 1. Saluashvili Shalva Ivan was born in 1916 2. Taziashvili Abram Shakro 1918 --------------------- 3. Ninikelashvili Joseph son of Siko 1919 ------------------- 4. Uthalishvili Vano Niko 1916 -------------------------- List Those who graduated from high school and were born in 1920-21: Here are the first two surnames 3. Shoshiashvili Vakhtang Gigo 1921 --------------------- 4. Tsutsunashvili Gogia Sandro 1920 ---------------- 5. Leshkasheli Shalva Artem 1920 1920 ------------------ 6. Utalishvili David Alex ---- 1920 List of persons who were in the first year of high school and did not have a military obligation: 1. Abashidze the son of Grisha Kote 2. Galakhvaridze Gold Son of Niko List To those citizens who have had a prolonged term of military service: 1. Charbadze George Nico 1915 Born 2. Chibukhashvili Shakro Jacob 1913 ------------ 3. Chikadze Arsen Tedos 1918 ---- Accounted for T. A. PKK Raikom (here is the accounting) IJSSH Vol. 4 No. 1, April 2020, pages: 99-105 IJSSH e-ISSN: 2550-7001 p-ISSN: 2550-701X 101 4. Demurov Arshaka 1917 ----------- 5. Jejelava Gregory Stephen 1914 --------------- 17 in total (17 out here if you add two more --- M. St.) List Condolis Sq. Council's 1921 births and 1922 births. Births of those who study at school: 1. Chidrashvili Nika Isaac 1921 It's gone 2. Baluashvili Born 1921 Son of Ruto It's gone 3. Tsatsalashvili Joseph Vano 1921 It's gone 4. Shakarashvili the son of Musa Vaso 1921 It's gone 5. Ghvarzelashvili Joseph, son of Nikos 1921 It's gone 6. Megrelishvili Son of Sandro Vano 1921 It's gone 7. Urmishvili The son of Misha Firuza is gone in 1921 8. Shakarashvili Son of Isaac 1921 It's gone 9. Meskhishvili son of Mikheil Gigo 1921 It's gone 10. Chikadze Born Ilia Son 1921 Calculate Document. it is here. 11. Peikrishvili Nika Rezo 1921 It's gone 12. ----------------- George Firuza 1921 It's gone 13. Utalishvili Vakhtang Joseph 1921 It's gone 14. Katibashvili Gogia the son of Vano 1921 It's gone Here is a list of 44 men, some of whom are gone or are here. Specifically, 4 people are said to be born in 1922, one is born in 1913, and Shoshiashvili is the son of Alex Gio 1921. There is nothing written on this person, gone or not. List Born in 1922 and 1923, present. 1. Reborn Bacholina Archil was born in 1922. 2. Chikadze Misha Niko + 1923 -------- 3. Shakarashvili Son of Isaac Go 1922 ------- 4. Katsiashvili Joseph Joseph Gio 1921 ----------- 5. Gelovan Soliko Alexis d. (What I Don't Know --- M. St.) 1925 ------ 6. Gergishvili Son of Shota Sosia + 1923 ------------- 7. Urmishvili Archila the son of Nikos 1922 -------- 8. Baluashvili Borrowed Ruth's Son 1922 -------- 9. Saluashvili Son of Lavrenta Vano 1922 ---- 10. Guliev Simona Cote 1923 --------------- 11. --------- Arsenal Shakro's son 1923 -------- 12. Katibashvili Son of Misha Sandro 1922 ---------------- 13. Aladashvili Vakhtang George 1922 ------------- 14. Sokipashvili Son of Adam Peter + 1923 ------------- 15. Akhalauri son of Tedo Gio 1923 ------------ 16. Charbadze Vania Son of Niko + 1923 ------------( Georgia, Telavi Regional Archive). This document lists a total of 31 men born 1921-1923 and one born in 1925. Another issue in this document -- - there are 9 plus points
Recommended publications
  • Georgian Country and Culture Guide
    Georgian Country and Culture Guide მშვიდობის კორპუსი საქართველოში Peace Corps Georgia 2017 Forward What you have in your hands right now is the collaborate effort of numerous Peace Corps Volunteers and staff, who researched, wrote and edited the entire book. The process began in the fall of 2011, when the Language and Cross-Culture component of Peace Corps Georgia launched a Georgian Country and Culture Guide project and PCVs from different regions volunteered to do research and gather information on their specific areas. After the initial information was gathered, the arduous process of merging the researched information began. Extensive editing followed and this is the end result. The book is accompanied by a CD with Georgian music and dance audio and video files. We hope that this book is both informative and useful for you during your service. Sincerely, The Culture Book Team Initial Researchers/Writers Culture Sara Bushman (Director Programming and Training, PC Staff, 2010-11) History Jack Brands (G11), Samantha Oliver (G10) Adjara Jen Geerlings (G10), Emily New (G10) Guria Michelle Anderl (G11), Goodloe Harman (G11), Conor Hartnett (G11), Kaitlin Schaefer (G10) Imereti Caitlin Lowery (G11) Kakheti Jack Brands (G11), Jana Price (G11), Danielle Roe (G10) Kvemo Kartli Anastasia Skoybedo (G11), Chase Johnson (G11) Samstkhe-Javakheti Sam Harris (G10) Tbilisi Keti Chikovani (Language and Cross-Culture Coordinator, PC Staff) Workplace Culture Kimberly Tramel (G11), Shannon Knudsen (G11), Tami Timmer (G11), Connie Ross (G11) Compilers/Final Editors Jack Brands (G11) Caitlin Lowery (G11) Conor Hartnett (G11) Emily New (G10) Keti Chikovani (Language and Cross-Culture Coordinator, PC Staff) Compilers of Audio and Video Files Keti Chikovani (Language and Cross-Culture Coordinator, PC Staff) Irakli Elizbarashvili (IT Specialist, PC Staff) Revised and updated by Tea Sakvarelidze (Language and Cross-Culture Coordinator) and Kakha Gordadze (Training Manager).
    [Show full text]
  • GEORGIA Second Edition March 2010
    WHO DOES WHAT WHERE IN DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN GEORGIA Second edition March 2010 Georgian National Committee of Disaster Risk Reduction & Environment Sustainable Development FOREWORD Georgia is a highly disaster-prone country, which frequently experiences natural hazards (e.g. earthquakes, floods, landslides, mudflows, avalanches, and drought) as well as man-made emergencies (e.g. industrial accidents and traffic accidents). Compounding factors such as demographic change, unplanned urbanization, poorly maintained infrastructure, lax enforcement of safety standards, socio-economic inequities, epidemics, environmental degradation and climate variability amplify the frequency and intensity of disasters and call for a proactive and multi-hazard approach. Disaster risk reduction is a cross-cutting and complex development issue. It requires political and legal commitment, public understanding, scientific knowledge, careful development planning, responsible enforcement of policies and legislation, people-centred early warning systems, and effective disaster preparedness and response mechanisms. Close collaboration of policy-makers, scientists, urban planners, engineers, architects, development workers and civil society representatives is a precondition for adopting a comprehensive approach and inventing adequate solutions. Multi-stakeholder and inter-agency platforms can help provide and mobilize knowledge, skills and resources required for mainstreaming disaster risk reduction into development policies, for coordination of planning and programmes,
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Natural Disasters and Climate Change for Upper Alazani Pilot Watershed Area, Plan of Mitigation & Adaptation Measures Republic of Georgia
    Assessment of Natural Disasters and Climate Change for Upper Alazani Pilot Watershed Area, Plan of Mitigation & Adaptation Measures Republic of Georgia Technical Report Number 17 Integrated Natural Resources Management in the Republic of Georgia Program Technical Report Number 15 Assessment of Natural Disasters and Climate Change for Upper Alazani Pilot Watershed Area, Plan of Mitigation & Adaptation Measures Republic of Georgia Funding for this publication was provided by the people of the United States of America through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) under Agreement No.CA # AID-114-LA-10-00004, as a component of the Integrated Natural Resources Management for the Republic of Georgia Program. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Agency for International Development of the United States Government or Florida International University. Copyright © Global Water for Sustainability Program – Florida International University This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. No use of the publication may be made for resale or for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the prior permission in writing from the Florida International University - Global Water for Sustainability Program. Any inquiries can be addressed to the same at the following address: Global Water for Sustainability Program Florida International University Biscayne Bay Campus 3000 NE 151 St. ACI-267 North Miami, FL 33181 USA Email: [email protected] Website: www.globalwaters.net For bibliographic purposes, this document should be cited as: GLOWS-FIU.
    [Show full text]
  • Retail Banking and Payment Services, and B) Corporate Investment Banking and Wealth Management Operations in Georgia, and C) Banking Operations in Belarus (“BNB”)
    Strategic Report Strategic Report Strategic Report Financial Additional Overview Strategy Performance Governance Statements Information About us Bank of Georgia Group PLC Bank of Georgia Group PLC (“Bank of Georgia Group”, the “Group”, or “BOGG” and on the LSE: BGEO LN) is a UK incorporated holding company, the new parent company of BGEO Group PLC. The Group combined a Banking Business and an Investment Business prior to the Group Demerger on 29 May 2018, which resulted in the Investment Business’s separation from the Group effective from 29 May 2018. The Group comprises: a) retail banking and payment services, and b) corporate investment banking and wealth management operations in Georgia, and c) banking operations in Belarus (“BNB”). JSC Bank of Georgia (“Bank of Georgia”, “BOG” or the “Bank”), the leading universal bank in Georgia, is the core entity of the Group. The Group intends to benefit from significant growth of the Georgian economy through both its Retail Banking and Corporate Investment Banking services and aims to deliver on its strategy, which is based on at least 20% Return on Average Equity (ROAE) and 15-20% growth of its loan book. See page 22 for our current business model and page 20 for more on the Demerger. Find the digital version of this report on our corporate website at: ANNUAL REPORT 2018 REPORT ANNUAL www.bankofgeorgiagroup.com Annual Report 2018 Bank of Georgia Group PLC 01 Strategic Report Strategic Report Strategic Report Financial Additional Overview Strategy Performance Governance Statements Information
    [Show full text]
  • Elene Pilashvili
    Elene Filashvili CV Address: Workplace address: N1, Kartuli Universiteti Str. Iakob Gogebashvili Telavi State University. Faculty of Humanities Home Address: N 37, Eristavi Str., Akhmeta Contact: MobilePhone:+995 593 50 42 70 E-mail:[email protected] Date of Birth: 22.03.82 Education and Scientific degree: 2010 Academic Degree of Doctor in Philology, in the field of Georgian Philology 2010 Defense of Doctoral Thesis for gaining the Academic Degree of Philology (27. 10. 2010) 2005 Academic degree of Master in Philology; qualification -Georgian Language 2003 Academic Degree of Bachelor, specialty - Georgian Language and Literature. Working Experience: Since May 2, 2016: Head of the Quality Assurance Office of the Faculty of Humanities. (Proceeding #6; 2.05.2017) From April 23, 2015 to January, 2018: Secretary of the Faculty Board of the Faculty of Humanities (Proceeding N2; 23.04.2015) Since October 2014: Member of the Representative Board Since September, 2014: Assistant professor at the Department of Philology, Faculty of Humanities, TESAU. From September 2010 till June 2014: Invited Doctor (position -teacher of the Georgian Language), Faculty of Humanities at TESAU. 2009-2010 -Teacher of the Georgian Language and Literature, at the King Erekle II Gymnasium. 2007-2008: Georgian Language and LiteratureTeacher at the Lyceum of the Natural Sciences in Akhmeta. 2005-2006: Correspondent at Newspaper “Bakhtrioni”, in Akhmeta 2003: Correspondent at Newspaper - “Our Newspaper”, Akhmeta. Research interests: Syntax of the Georgian Language,
    [Show full text]
  • National Report on Georgian Youth
    National Council of Youth Organizations of Georgia NATIONAL REPORT ON GEORGIAN YOUTH TBILISI 2009 1 UDC 061.213-053.81(479.22)+00189+65.012.1 N-323 The National Research on Georgian Youth The National Council of Youth Organizations of Georgia expresses was initiated and organized by the National gratitude to the United Nations Development Programme, Friedrich Eb- Council of Youth Organizations of Georgia ert Stiftung, Tbilisi City Hall, and Civil Institutionalism Development Fund for their financial support. The survey report was prepared by the United Nations Institute for Polling and Marketing Development Programme Friedrich Ebert Stiftung Partner: New Generation – New Initiative Tbilisi City Hall Contributors to the report: Civil Institutionalism Vakhtang Asanidze – Project manager Development Fund George Gamkrelidze Nino Tsulaia The findings presented in this report are the results of the survey and Ketevan Tsutskiridze do not necessarily reflect the official positions of donor organizations. Ekaterine Tsvariani Tamar Kavtaradze Magda Sikorska The report is published by GeoPrint Ltd., 1, Bakhtrioni Str., Tbilisi ISBN 978-9941-0-2357-6 National Council of Youth Organizations of Georgia 2 3 National Report on Georgian Youth Dear Members, Friends and Partners! It is my honor to greet you on behalf of the National Council of Youth Organizations of Georgia. For the past 15 years NCYOG has worked honorably to live up to and respect the principles and values established at its creation. One of the main preoccupations of NCYOG for the past 2 years has been to conduct research into the problems and spheres of interest of Georgian youth. This re- search has been the most extensive attempt so far to collect de- tailed information on Georgian youth and the aim of the research has been to collect the most relevant and detailed data about young people directly from them.
    [Show full text]
  • Transparency International Georgia Tbilisi, June 2014 Website
    Transparency International Georgia Tbilisi, June 2014 Website: http://transparency.ge/en The G-MEDIA program is made possible by support from the American people through USAID. The content and opinions expressed herein are those of Transparency International Georgia and do not reflect the views of the U.S. Government, USAID or IREX. Table of Contents Summary ............................................................................................................................................................ 3 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 Ownership transparency ............................................................................................................................. 4 Sustainability of regional media ............................................................................................................... 5 Market Concentration ................................................................................................................................... 5 Financing of media outlets and media-related services from the local municipalities ........ 6 TV stations ........................................................................................................................................................ 7 Trialeti TV and Radio (Gori) ....................................................................................................................... 7 TV Radio
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Prosperity Initiative (Epi) Value Chain Assessment Report
    ECONOMIC PROSPERITY INITIATIVE (EPI) VALUE CHAIN ASSESSMENT REPORT Friday, April 1, 2011 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Deloitte Consulting LLP. VALUE CHAIN ASSESSMENT REPORT USAID ECONOMIC PROSPERITY INITIATIVE (EPI) CONTRACT NUMBER: AID-114-C-10-00004 DELOITTE CONSULTING LLP USAID/CAUCASUS FRIDAY, APRIL 1, 2011 DISCLAIMER: The author‘s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. DATA Author Organization Martin Webber J.E. Austin Associates, Inc. David Feige J.E. Austin Associates, Inc. Carlton Jones J.E. Austin Associates, Inc. Alan Saffery EPI Dennis Zeedyk EPI Lakshmi Lyer CNFA Numerous authors of individual value chain assessments contributed to the report. Their details follow in this table. Value Chain Author(s) Organization Agricultural Value Chains Blueberries and Davit Grigolia EPI Hazelnuts Fresh Fruit and Mamuka EPI Processed Fruit Gachechiladze Juices Fresh Avtandil EPI Vegetables, Korakhashvili Processed Vegetables, and Root Crops Wine Gia Bibileishvili EPI ECONOMIC PROSPERITY INITIATIVE (EPI) i Non-Agricultural Value Chains Apparel Zviad Kvlividze EPI Carlton Jones J.E. Austin Associates, Inc. Basalt Fiber Temur EPI Products Bolotashvili Carlton Jones J.E. Austin Associates, Inc. Perlite, Wood, Temur EPI and Clay Bolotashvili Products Paper/paperboard Dr. Ken Marsh J.E. Austin /corrugated and Associates, Inc. Plastic crates/beverage EPI bottles David Charkviani Adventure Ursula Jessee J.E. Austin Tourism and Associates, Inc. Wine Tourism EPI Irakli Toloraia MICE Tourism Sergo EPI Baramidze Deloitte Transport and Kent Ford Consulting LLP Logistics Yvan M.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloads Have Been Made by the Bank’S Customers
    About Us Bank of Georgia Group PLC Bank of Georgia Group PLC (“Bank of Georgia Group”, the “Group”, or “BOGG” and on the LSE: BGEO LN) is a UK incorporated holding company, the present parent company of BGEO Group PLC. The Group combined a Banking Business and an Investment Business prior to the Group Demerger on 29 May 2018, which resulted in the Investment Business’ separation from the Group effective from 29 May 2018 (see details on the Group Demerger in the 2018 Annual Report). Throughout this Annual Report the discussion is focused on the Banking Business results, which represents the continuous business of the Group since the demerger. The Group comprises: a) retail banking and payment services; and b) corporate and investment banking and wealth management operations in Georgia; and c) banking operations in Belarus (“BNB”). JSC Bank of Georgia (“Bank of Georgia”, “BOG”, or the “Bank”), the leading universal bank in Georgia, is the core entity of the Group. The Group targets to benefit from superior growth of the Georgian economy through both its Retail Banking and Corporate and Investment Banking services, and aims to deliver on its strategy, which is based on at least 20% Return on Average Equity (ROAE) and c.15% ANNUAL growth of its loan book. See page 24 for our business model and strategy. Find the digital version of this report on our corporate website at: REPORT www.bankofgeorgiagroup.com 2019 Annual Report 2019 Bank of Georgia Group PLC 01 Contents Strategic Report 01-113 Governance 114-167 Overview Directors’ Governance
    [Show full text]
  • Regional Media Map of Georgia
    Caucasus Institute for Peace, Democracy 1 and Development Institute for War and Peace Reporting REGIONAL MEDIA MAP OF GEORGIA Financed by European Commission Project Georgia Regional Media Development and Public Accountability Tbilisi 2005 2 © Caucasus Institute for Peace, Democracy and Development, Tbilisi ISBN 99928-37-76-4 Regional Media Map of Georgia. Caucasus Institute for Peace, Democracy and Development, Tbilisi, 2005 1, Merab Alexidze, Tbilisi, Georgia, 0193 Tel. 995 32 334081, Fax 334163 Web-site: http://www.cipdd.org 3 CONTENTS Purpose of the Study and Methodology Used .............................................. 5 Samtskhe-Javakheti ................................................................................... 13 Newspaper Samkhretis Karibche (The Southern Gate) ............................. 39 Kvemo Kartli ............................................................................................ 42 Kakheti ...................................................................................................... 70 Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti ........................................................................ 111 Ajara ....................................................................................................... 165 Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti ................................................... 191 Mtskheta-Mtianeti ................................................................................... 201 Shida Kartli ............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of the Georgia Energy Security Intiative (Gesi)
    EVALUATION OF THE GEORGIA ENERGY SECURITY INTIATIVE (GESI) AUGUST 2010 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Hans Jansen (Social Impact), David Garner (Management Systems International), Robert Batt (SI), and Shalva Kokochashvili (SI). GEORGIA EVALUATION OF THE GEORGIA ENERGY SECURITY INTIATIVE (GESI) Contract # AID- RAN-I-00-09-00019 Task Order # AID-114-TO-10-00004 SOCIAL IMPACT, INC IN COLLABORATION WITH MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS INTERNATIONAL USAID/CAUCASUS OFFICE OF ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT AUGUST 2010 DISCLAIMER: The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. i Acronyms BoG Bank of Georgia CBO Community-Based Organization DCA Development Credit Authority ESCA Energy Sector Consumer Associations GEL Georgian Lari GESI Georgia Energy Security Initiative GoG Government of Georgia GSE Georgian State Electrosystem GWHAP Georgia Winter Heating Assistance Program IDP International Displaced Persons KWH Kilowatt Hours LOP Life of Project M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MSI Management Systems International NGO Non-Governmental Organization PPP Public-Private Partnership SI Social Impact, Inc SME Small and Medium Enterprise UEDC United Electricity Distribution Company USAID United States Agency for International Development ii Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Georgia's Pankisi Gorge: an Ethnographic Survey
    University of California, Berkeley Georgias Pankisi Gorge: An Ethnographic Survey Shorena Kurtsikidze and Vakhtang Chikovani Berkeley Program in Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies Working Paper Series This PDF document preserves the page numbering of the printed version for accuracy of citation. When viewed with Acrobat Reader, the printed page numbers will not correspond with the electronic numbering. The Berkeley Program in Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies (BPS) is a leading center for graduate training on the Soviet Union and its successor states in the United States. Founded in 1983 as part of a nationwide effort to reinvigorate the field, BPSs mission has been to train a new cohort of scholars and professionals in both cross-disciplinary social science methodology and theory as well as the history, languages, and cultures of the former Soviet Union; to carry out an innovative program of scholarly research and publication on the Soviet Union and its successor states; and to undertake an active public outreach program for the local community, other national and international academic centers, and the U.S. and other governments. Berkeley Program in Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies University of California, Berkeley Institute of Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies 260 Stephens Hall #2304 Berkeley, California 94720-2304 Tel: (510) 643-6737 [email protected] http://socrates.berkeley.edu/~bsp/ Georgias Pankisi Gorge: An Ethnographic Survey Shorena Kurtsikidze and Vakhtang Chikovani Spring 2002 Shorena Kurtsikidze is a Research Associate with the Institute of Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies at UC Berkeley. She has a Ph.D. in Cultural Anthropology from the Institute of History and Ethnology, Tbilisi, Academy of Sciences of Georgia.
    [Show full text]