Calendar 1972-73

Calendar 1972-73 September, 1972 4 Monday-Labor Day 7 Thursday- Reporting date for all new students 11 Monday-Registration for all students 12 Tuesday-First semester classes begin

Octobe r, 1972 14 Saturday-Alumni Homecoming Day 27 Friday- Mid-semester marking period ends

Novembe r, 1972 4 S

December, 1972 14, 15 Thursday, Friday- Independent Study (reading period for finals) 16 Saturday-Final examinations begin 22 Friday- First semester ends 25 Monday-Christmas

Janu ary, 1973 1 Monday- New Year's Day 2-26 January Program 29 Monday-Registration for second semester for all students 31 Wednesday-Second semester classes begin March, 1973 16 Friday-Mid-semester marking period ends 23 Friday-Spring recess begins after student's la st class

April, 1973 2 Monday-Classes resume 20 Good Friday 22 Sunday-Easter 23 Monday-Classes re sume

May, 1973 11 Friday- Independent Study (reading period for finals) 12 Saturday- Final examinations begin 18 Friday- Second semester ends 19 Saturday- Alumni Day, President's Reception and Graduation Ball 20 Sunday-Commencement 28 Monday- Memorial Day 29 Tuesday- Summer pre-session opens

June,1973 16 Saturday-Summer pre-session ends 18 Monday- First summer session opens

July, 1973 20 Friday- First sum mer session ends 23 Monday-Second summer session opens

August, 1973 24 Friday-Second summer session ends

September, 1973 11 Tuesday- First semester classes begin Widener College 1972-1973

Accredited by Middle Atlantic States Association of Coll eges and Secondary Schools

Al l statements in this ca talog are in fo rce o nly fo r the aca dem ic yea r 1972-73 and subject to change by ac tion of th e govern ing body.

Widener College Bulletin

Series 111 Number 3 September, 1972

Published six times a yea r by Widener Co llege, o nce each in june and july, and twice each in September and O ctober. Seco nd cl ass pos tage paid at Ch es ter, Penn sylvania 1901 3. Contents

For In fo rm ati on ...... 4 Profile: Widener Family ...... 9 Widener Co ll ege Today ...... 13 Edu ca ti onal Facilities ...... 22 Campus Li fe ...... 32 Admiss ions ...... 48 Fin ancial Aid ...... 58 Financial Inform ation ...... 66 General In fo rm ati on ...... 70 Academic Program ...... 78 Course s of Instruction ...... 113 Boa rd of Tru stees ...... 157 Administration ...... 161 Fa culty ...... 165 Enrollment Summary ...... 172 Index ...... 173 Directions to Widener College ...... 175 for Information

Policy DR. CLARENCE R. MOLL President Academic affairs DR . ARTHUR T. MURPHY Vice President and Dea n of the College Business affairs MR. CARL A. SCHAUBEL Administrative Vice President Admiss ions MR. VINCENT F. LINDSLEY Director of Admissions Student life, MR. WILLIAM L. COHEE counseling, religious Vice Pres ident for Student Affairs and social affairs Cultural affairs DR. SOPHOCLES M . SOPHOCLES Dean of Cultural Affairs Student fi scal affairs MR. G. ROBERT BOWLBY Controller Athletic affairs MR. GEORGE A . HANSELL, JR. Director of Athletics Development program MR. DONN H. BICHSEL Director of Development Public relations HENRY R. " TE D" TAYLOR Director of Public Relations Evening division MR. DEAN B. ARMOLD Dean of the Evening Division Alumni relations SALLY MOWRIS Alumni Se cretary Transcripts of record MRS. JAYNE BACON Registrar Library affairs MR. LEE C. BROWN Librarian Placement affairs MRS. HILDA F. MACKEY Placement Supervisor Musical affairs MR. G. KENNARD BEACHER Director of Music Office Hours: Monday through Frida y-9 a.m .-4:30p.m . Saturdays-9 a.m .-12 noon All other times by appointment Te lephone: (2 15) 876-5551

Interstate 95

1. Wolfgram Memoria~l ~L~i~b:ra:ry~~~~~~~~~~;;;~~~~~~::1 2. Kirkbride Hall of Science and Engineering 19. 3. Louis Kapelski Learning Center 20. 21. 4. Alumni Auditorium 22 . Arm o ry . 5. Old Main (administration building) Parking areas indicated by diagonal l1nes. ~ 67.. InfirmaryReading Services Center Teacher Edu cation DORMITORIES F Do rm 4 8. Hyatt Hall A The Castle G Hanna Hall 9. Arts Center B Tu rr ell Hall H Do rm 6 10. Black Student Union C Howell Hall K Spang Hall co mpleX 11. Observatory D Cann Memo rial Hall M Sharples Hall 12. Student park E Proposed apartment 1314.. WebMacMorlandb Hall Center (student union building) do rmitories the Crozer- (Th e Towers is located adjacent to 15. Maintenance building 16. Schwartz Physical Education Center Chester Medical Center) 17. Baseball diamond 18. Soccer Field Th e Pres ident's Office is loca ted in Old Students have o ffices in W ebb Hall (13). Main (5 ). Other offices in this building include Th e Office of the Dean of Cultural Affairs is those of the Administrative Vice Pres ident, in the Arts Center (9). Admiss ions, A lumni, Business Office, Controller, Public Relations is in the Alumni Development, House keeping, Maintenance, Auditorium (4). Personnel, Placement, Purchasing, Reg istrar, ROTC is in the rear (lower level) of Hanna Security, Staff Vice President and the Hall (G). Vice President for Student Affairs. Th e Office of the Vice Presid ent and Academic Dean is in th e Kapelski Lea rn ing Center (3). The Center o f Arts & Science, the Center of Management & Applied Eco no mics, the Director o f Music, th e Director o f Th ea tre Widener, and th e Evening Division offices are also in the Lea rning Center. Th e Center o f Engineering, the Center of Nursing and th e Science Group are loca ted in Kirkbride Hall o f Science and En gineering (2). Th e Associate Dean of Students, the Ass istant Dean of Students and Adviser to Fo reign CHESTER, PENNSYLVANIA 19013

Profile: Widener Family

The Widener family, for whom the college has been named, is as famous for its philanthropy and collections of art and rare books as it is for its contributions to American bu sin ess, finance, transportation and thoroughbred horse ra ci ng. The Wideners were among the first American families to exhibit a strong social consciousness and share their grea t wealth with society. They built and endowed the Widener Memorial School for Crippled Children, Philadelphia, created the Widener Memorial Library at Harvard University and donated their world-renowned art collection to help start the ational Gallery of Art in Washing ton, D.C. They also gave their Philadelphia mansion to the Free Library of Philadelphia and their Newport, R. I. home to the Protestant Epis copal Diocese of Rhode Island. Through the Widener Memorial Foundation in Aid of Handi capped Children, the family has continued its philanthropy by pro viding financial aid to the Child Development Center, Norristown, Pa.; St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Shriner's Hospital for Crippled Children, and the Center for th e Blind, all Philadelphia ; and the Easter Seal Society of Penn sy lvania, among others. A prominent Philadelphia family which dates back to pre Revolutionary days, the Wideners became internationally known in the late 1800s and early 1900s under Peter A. B. Widener. He rose from a butcher's boy in his brother's meatshop on Spring Garden St. to become the owner of more miles of street railways than any other man in the world. He al so helped to organize such industrial giants as the U. S. Steel Corporation and the American Tobacco Company and had substantial holdings in the Standard Oil Company and the Penn sy l vania Railroad Company.

9 A t one time he and his associates owned stree t rail way sys tems in Philadelphia, New Yo rk, Chicago, Pitts burgh, Baltimo re and W as h ington, D.C. He is cr dited w ith co nso li da ting hi ghl y frag mented street ra ilway sys tems and is recognized as th e lead in g fo rce behind continued moderni za tion of mass transit. A t the ti me, all stree t rai l ways consisted of ho rse-d rawn ve hicles. In 1892 he introduced ca bl e ca rs in to operation on Market St., Co lumbia Ave., 7th and 9th Sts. in Phil adelphia. He conti nu ed to press fo r grea ter efficiency and later became a pioneer in the introd uction of electric street ca rs, despite in itial loca l opposition. Late r, he o rga ni zed gas and elec tric lighting compa nies in Phil a delphia, Reading, Harri sb urg, Atl anta, Sava nnah, Vicksburg, St. Augus tine, M inneapoli s, Kansas City and D es M o in es. He se rved on th e Phil adelphia Boa rd of Edu ca ti on, 1867-70, and was appointed City Treas urer in 1873. As treas urer, Widener found th e ci ty unab le to pay certain wa rrants th at had come due. So, he personally pa id them and agreed to wa it until th e city coul d repay him. He was also a ca ndida te fo r mayo r of Philadelphia in 1892 and in 1900 he so ught a seat in th e U. S. Se nate. In 1902 , he founded the W idener Memorial Sc hool in memory of hi s w ife o f 38 yea rs, Josephine D. , and his so n, Harry K. Th e school provided free med ica l trea tment and th erapy, as well as educa tion in all grades, to handicapped children living in Phil adelphi a. The st udents lived at th e sc hool on a 30-acre w ooded trac t at Broa d St. and Olney Ave., and continued th ei r trea tment and study during th e hot summer in Longport, N. j . In 1941 th e W idener Sc hool joined with th e Boa rd of Educa ti o n's Martin O rth opedic Sc hool. Under th e un ique ag ree ment, th e Widener School ca me under th e general supervi sion of a joint committee represe nting the W idener tru stees and th e Boa rd of Educatio n. Th e Lo ngport ho me was so ld and th e proceeds were used fo r sc hool improvements. Th e W idener trustees continuously contribute $100,000 a yea r to th e school's o perating ex penses . W idener's intern ationall y fa mous art collection, w hi ch he kept in th e pa lati al Lynn ewood Hall es tate in Elkins Park, was ranked as one of th e finest in the U.S. At th e time of his dea th in 1915, it was va lued at mo re th an $11 millio n. It included six Van Dycks, four Rembrandts, two Titi ans and represe ntative works of Rap hae l, Botti ce lli, El Greco, Valasq u z and M onet, amo ng oth ers. He also col lected rare bronzes, tapes tries, sta tu ary, chinaware and furniture. He paid $700,000 in 1914 fo r th e famo us " Cowper M adonna" by Rap hae l, w hich at the time was th e most expensive and mos t va luable painting eve r brought to America. Th e previo us high was the $500,000 he paid fo r Rembrandt's " Th e Mill."

10 In 1940, the collection was given, in behalf of the entire Widener family, to the National Gallery of Art by his son, joseph Early Widener, "to make it accessible to the greatest number of people." P. A. B. Widener was believed to have been among the ri chest men in Philadelphia at the time of his death. Harry Elkins Widener, Peter A. B.'s grandson, achieved world renown for his rare book collection. He was returning from book buying auctions in London in 1912 when the Titanic struck an ice berg. Together with his father, George, he chose to remain on the deck of the sinking ship as women, including his mother, Eleanore Elkins, pushed off in lifeboats. His mother created the Harry Elkins Widener Memorial Library at Harvard to house his famous rare book collection, and also erected an all-purpose building in his honor at the Hill School, Pottstown, Pa . George Dunton Widener, brother of Harry Elkins Widener, is credited with making noteworthy contributions to genetics through his research and development of sheep and thoroughbred horses. He maintained one of the finest racin g stables in the nation at Lexi ng ton, Ky. and Erdenheim Farm , Whitemarsh. He died last December.

Widener College, located on an 87-acre campus in historic Delaware Valley below the City of Philadelphia, ranks as one of the leading small coeducational colleges in the East. The College has introduced what we believe to be a truly innova tive approach in higher education with the creation of "mini-courses" (modules). These are taken by all students in the first two years. Each module will be one-half semester in length and students will investi gate three broad areas of learning, selecting four topics within each : (1) Humanities, (2) Social Science, and (3) Science and Technology. Each topic is pursued via the case-study rather than the " Introduc tion to" method and will be taught by professors for whom the field is a specialty. Obviously, the possible major fields in which a student is inter ested and the close counseling provided by the faculty will greatly influence the specific modules selected by a student and the order in which they are taken. However, it is anticipated that in most cases, the students will complete work in two of the three areas during the freshman year and in th e other one in the sophomore year. It is also anticipated that most students will not finalize selection of their major field until the sophomore year. The College .is on the 4-1-4 ca lendar which means each student wi ll take four four-credit courses each semester for eight semesters plus two semesters of physical education (fre shman year). The "1" in 4-1-4 refers to participation in a minimum of two January Interim Programs. Finally, all students will participate in a senior team project of at least one se meste r's duration. The group of students will be under the direction of one or more faculty advisers dealing with a problem which is related to the world as it is today. The students come from 35 states and 24 foreign countries and represent the highest enrollment in the college's 150-year history. Th ey represent nearly every color and more than a dozen religious denominations.

14 Faculty The full-time undergraduate faculty numbers 116, drawn from the leading national and international graduate schools. They received their academic training at colleges and universities in 25 states and 11 foreign countries. Approximately half of the school faculty holds Ph .D. degrees. The same professors, center, group, and department heads who teach in the graduate school also teach undergraduate classes. Courses are not taught by graduate assistants.

· Academic Structure Widener College is organized into four centers of learning be cause it was determined by a careful analysis that this structure would enable the college to most effectively provide the kind of innovative education expected at a small private college today. The centers are: Arts and Science, Engineering, Management and Applied Economics, and Nursing. CENTER OF ARTS AND SCIENCE . This center has three sub divisions known as Groups: (1) Humanities, (2) Social Sciences, (3) Science. Humanities and Social Science. All the subjects popularly known as the liberal arts are found within the first two Groups. Specific major fields available include English, history, international affairs, modern languages, behavioral science (psychology and sociology) and political science. In each program there is emphasis on intellectual develop ment, cultural appreciation and development of an awareness of the problems that face humanity and an ability to contribute to their solution. A bachelor of arts degree is granted. Science. Majors are offered in biology, chemistry (accredited by the American Chemical Society), mathematics, physics and science/ education. Scientific study is balanced with studies in the humanities and social sciences in order to develop an awareness of the sociologi cal and humanitarian implications of science. A bachelor of science degree is granted. CENTER OF ENGINEERING . A four-year interdisciplinary curricu lum, accredited by the Engineers' Council for Profess ional Develop ment, relates the various physical fields of engineering through mathematical and scientific fundamentals along with laboratory design experience. The student has an opportunity to undertake the con ception, design and actual construction of engineering projects and systems. A speciality in the student's area of interest is developed during the senior year through elective courses. A degree of bachelor

15 of science in engineering is granted. The graduate school grants a master of engineering degree in systems engineering and in engineer ing mechanics.

Commencing with the entering class of 1973, the Center of Engineering will be offering the Engineering Internship Program, an optional cooperative program in which the student participates in a total of 12 months of industrial employment, while obtaining the bachelor's degree within the normal four-year period. CENTER OF MANAGEMENT AND APPLIED ECONOMICS. Three majors - accounting, economics and management - are offered. All emphasize fundamental principles, an ability to analyze problems and management decision-making, preparing students for a rapidly chang ing business world. A bachelor of science in business administration is granted. The graduate school grants a masters degree in business administ ration. CENTER OF NURSING. Widener College offers a four-yea r bac calaureate program in nursing. Nursing students live and study on the Widener College campus while receiving clinical education at the Crozer-Chester Medical Center, the Haverford State Hospital, Fitzgerald-Mercy Medical Center, and the Community Nursing Service and Child Health Centers of Chester and vicinity. The program is accredited by the National League for Nursing. A bachelor of science in nursing degree is granted.

Direct Transfer. The Center of Nursing has entered into Direct Transfer Agreements with se lected colleges and junior co lleges. Under this plan all students recommended by the sending institution as having satisfactorily completed the first two years of study are assured of enrollment in the junior yea r in the nursing program at Widener College. Institutions with which this agreement has been completed include : Bucks County Community College, Newtown, Pennsylvania; Elizabethtown College, Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania ; Mercer College, Trenton, New j ersey ; Wesley College, Dover, Delaware; Eastern College, St. Davids, Pennsylvania ; King's College, Wilkes-Barre, Penn sylva nia; Cabrini College, Radnor, Pennsy lvania.

January Program The January Program, a flexible one month period of in-depth research , provides both students and faculty with an unusually worth w hile intellectual experience that cannot be realized during the regular terms.

16 During January, students and faculty are released from multiple class commitments and the distribution of effort over several courses. Grading is on a pass-fail basis . These departures make possible enrich ing variations on the learning process, and full-time investigation of a single topic provides a degree of individual involvement that is rarely attained during regular semesters. The program involves a choice of independent study on campus, independent study off campus, group projects off campus and courses offered on campus. Students gain individual attention as a result of generally small classes and a student/ faculty ratio of 12 to 1 . The average class size is 27, although the enrollments in required subjects and some other classes are larger. Seminar courses are smaller. Because the college is small, the students enjoy direct day-to-day contact with the faculty and heads of departments and divisions. The students enrich the benefit from these associations in direct proportion to their initiative and interest.

The faculty is a scholarly one but remains first and foremost a teaching faculty and research activity is never permitted to interfere with the primary mission of undergraduate education.

Accreditation Widener College is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools, the engineeri ng program is accredited by the Engineers' Council for Professional Development, the chemistry program is accredited by the American Chemical Society and the nursing program is accredited by the Pennsylvania Board of Nurse Exa miners and the National League fo r Nursing. Five national honor societies have established chapters at Widener College to recognize outstanding scholarship in their respective fields. The societies and their fields are: Alpha Chi, national scholarship honor society; Alpha Psi Omega, dramatics; Alpha Sigma Lambda, national evening division honor society; Omicron Delta Epsilon, economics; Sigma Pi Sigma, Physics ; and Tau Beta Pi, engineering.

Project Prepare In another innovative program, Widener College launched Project Prepare to help educationally and economically disadvantaged stu dents prepare for college. The project features a seven week summer tutorial and counselling program for ghetto high school seniors preparatory to enrollment in a regular schedule of courses in the fall. Continuing specia l counselling and tutorial services are avai lable to the students as needed.

Program Crossroad Throughout the years Widener College has demonstrated the ability to re spond quickly to other community needs. Most recently, the college became the first in the nation to offer a deferred tuition, interest-free program for unemployed engineers, scientists, teachers and other professionals. With some 10,000 unemployed or underemployed professionals in the eight-county Philadelphia area, Widener College created Pro gram Crossroad to offer unemployed professionals a chance to return to college for graduate or undergraduate " refresher" cou rses, to acquire new skills to expand their opportunities for employment or prepare for an entirely new career. President Nixon hailed the program and noted that it " deserves the praise and commendation of all our fellow Americans." Senator Hubert H. Humphrey lauded the comprehensiveness of the program

19 and added, " I would like to see your program adopted on a national scale. " Pennsylvania's Governor Shapp praised the program as "a very worthy one ... and a model for the entire nation."

Evening Division For those interested in continuing their education on a parttime basis, the Evening Division offers courses in liberal arts, business man agement, engineering and science. Supervisor training and other auxiliary services are offered for local industries. A catalog of courses offered is avai lable at the Evening Division Office.

Summer Sess ions The summer sessions at Widener College provide fully accredited courses in the humanities, social sciences, engineering, physical sci ences and economics and management. Specific course offerings are in accordance with student interest and demand. The 13 weeks of summer sessions include one pre-session of three weeks and two regular sessions of five weeks each. A student attending the pre-session may earn a maximum of fou r semester hours of credit; a student attending the five-week sessions may earn a maximum of eight semester hours of credit in each session. In addition to the regular program, there are a variety of institutes, workshops and special programs. Fees and charges for special pro grams are arranged according to the program. Counseling services are available to all students throughout the summer sessions. All classes and laboratories are conducted in fully air-conditioned facilities. There are also opportunities for gymnastic exercises, swimming and outdoor sports, including tennis. Tuition, fees and room and board charges for summer sessions are listed in the separate summer school catalog published each spring.

History On July 1, 1972, the college officially became Widener College, honoring the nationally prominent Philadelphia family which has distinguished itself by numerous philanthropic activities. These include the Widener Memorial Foundation in Aid of Handicapped Children, the Widener Library at Harvard University, and the world-renowned art collection which was donated to the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. (A sketch of the Widener family appears on page 9).

20 Founded in 1821 by John Bullock, a leading Quaker, the college began as a select school for boys in Wilmington, Delaware. In contrast to the pacifism of its founder's religious beliefs, his successors introduced military instruction in 1858 and four years later the school became known as Pennsylvania Military Academy. The early curriculum extended from preparatory through college. In 1892, following an earlier move to the present suburban Chester campus, the school became known as Pennsylvania Military College. The long tradition as an exclusively military college ended in 1946 with the admission of returning World War II veterans as non cadet students. The even longer tradition as an exclusively male institution ended in 1967 with the admission of female students. To reflect this evolution into a co-educational, predominantly liberal arts college, the name was changed to PMC Colleges, with Penn Morton College being the designation for the non-military component and Pennsylvania Military College being retained as the name for the cadet corps. During 1970 the college acquired the College of Nursing of the Crozer Foundation, adding still another facet to the college's broaden ing spectrum of studies. In March 1972, when the Board of Trustees approved the adoption of the name, Widener College, they also voted to retain the enriched Track " C" ROTC program while discontinuing the corps of cadets. The colors of Pennsylvania Military College were retired with full honors. The college's future, as envisioned by the Task Force '80 com mittee of students, faculty and trustees, will be dedicated to a concept of higher education that places increasing stress on the development of values and enrichment of subject matter in order to help solve the problems that will be ours for the next three or four generations.