DOCSLIB.ORG

A Study of Ethymology, Ethnology and Lexical Hybrid in Ogu Language

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Study of Ethymology, Ethnology and Lexical Hybrid in Ogu Language Journal of Languages, Linguistics and Literary Studies (JOLLS) Http://www.jolls.com.ng Vol 6. September 2018 ISSN : 2636-7149-6300 (online & print) A STUDY OF ETHYMOLOGY, ETHNOLOGY AND LEXICAL HYBRID IN OGU LANGUAGE Koko, Oluwapelumi Joseph Department of French Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria Abstract This study treats the etymology, ethnology and lexical hybrid of Ogu language by first excavating into the genealogical history of Egun people who are the speakers of this language. It also cut across the origin of Ogu language examining the lexis and where it originated from. All this knowledge intimates us with the culture and tradition of Egun people. The study equally examines lexis of Ogu language which originated from Ewe, Fon, and Yoruba with evident, adequate and detailed analysis. The study simply aims at appreciating the language and its speakers knowing their origin and understanding why Egun people‟s culture and tradition are such. Finally it will make know that virtually all languages of Edè /Gbè continuum have a lot of linguistics elements in common and how they are interwoven lexically. Keywords: Language, Egun people, etymology, linguistics elements. Introduction research is to examine the etymology of Ogu African communities historically from time language verifying where the language migrated from one location to the other for emanated from and the lexical hybrid of the various reasons. Among such reasons are: the language. Our prerogative interest is not quest for a better settlement, escape from actually on genealogical study but historical some strict and wicked rulers, communal excavation to discover the metamorphosis of crises which led to hostility and segregation lexis of Ogu language, as it is today. This against some specific families or sets of will help us to unravel the source of Ogu people. Some other reasons could be the fall lexical and they are hybrid to what they are of some prominent empires and kingdoms today. that existed in certain dispensations in the past and some people ran away for fear of Definition of some basic terms being captured as slaves to other Lexis: This simply means the total or the communities of the conquering kings. For entire stock of words or vocabularies in a instance Yoruba are said to migrate from language. Saudi Arabia in the Middle East to settle in Etymology: Etymology simply signifies the southwestern Nigeria where they live till origin of words or parts of words and how date. The Ewe of Ghana and Togo and Benin they have arrived at the present form and republic were immigrants who settled all meaning according to Encarta (2008). This over the West African coastal region due to means it deals with the history concerning the the problems encountered by Old Oyo origin of words or of a statement of this, how Empire between the 16th and 17th centuries. it has arrived at the current form and There are also the Egun people whose meaning. Often, it shows the various forms of ancestors migrated from Dahomey Kingdom, the words has taken before in passing from Ghana, Togo and others. Our focus in this one language to another and at times shows 220 Koko Joseph O. CC BY-NC-ND Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs Journal of Languages, Linguistics and Literary Studies (JOLLS) Http://www.jolls.com.ng Vol 6. September 2018 ISSN : 2636-7149-6300 (online & print) related words in other languages. unchanged and uninterruptable fusing Ex. Through ancient French language in the together in form of a continuous mixed. In 14th century Greek “etumoloia” „„etumon‟‟ linguistics this term refers to languages is derived from Latin in 16th century and it is related closely such that their linguistics true sense of word in from which “etymos” is elements are blended and connected such that being its true origin. it would be difficult to differentiate them. Ethnology: Ethnology is a word derived One may regard such languages as parented. from ethnic. Ethnic is the sharing of We need to be very careful not to bring in distinctive cultural traits as a group in a what could be considered as dialect because society. It deals with a particular origin or there are distinctions among these continuum culture relating to a person or a group of languages despite the similarities. people who share a national, racial linguistic Egun people as a community or religion heritage whether or not they reside Egun people actually are descendants of in their country of origin. This shows the immigrants from Ghana, Togo, and Benin. members belonging to a particular ethnic Historically, it is believed that some groupin a society. Therefore ethnology is the descendants of the people were returnees of study the linguistic examination of words those Yoruba who immigrated to those areas which has to do with the comparison of mentioned as above due to the fall of Old cultures of different societies. Oyo Empire. They were finding their ways Hybrid: This means words derived back to Oyo but finally decided to settle morphologically from two languages. down in territory occupied by the Egun in the Sometimes there is loss of some letters for present Nigeria day and some parts of Benin other letters. This can be at times as a result republic. Let not forget that there were of the fusion of word components from colonial international boundaries then. different languages to from words. The wonderful people of Egun communities Continuum: According to Encarta (2005), are rich in culture and tradition which are the word originated from a Latin word particular to them, though similar to their “continuus” in the mid-17th century. The source as mentioned above. This heritage of word continuum is the link between two theirs remains undiluted even up till this new things. It also means the continuous or a millennium. The similarities of their culture continuous series of things that blend into and tradition as observed are intact till today each other so gradually and seamlessly that it just as they were inherited from the Fon of is impossible to say where one becomes the Dahomey, the Ewe of Ghana, Togo and the next. Le grand Larousse Encyclopedia environs. Their activities also reflect vividly www.larousse.fr 2007 explains the word the life styles of the Ouatchi, and Mina. continuum as the word of Latin origin which Tonuewa (2015) gives some expository and signifies the continuous combination of vital information about the people of Gunuvi elements such that is passed from one to the community; telling of their territory which other in a continuous form. According to spread across the south western part of https:/fr.wikidia.org/wiki/zone linguistics Nigeria that is predominantly Badagry, continuum as different languages belonging Makoko of Lagos State, Yewa, Ipokia, Jofin, the same linguistics zone which at times Agosso, Imeko all in Ogun State, then in refers to them as languages of the same some communities in Oyo and Kwara States family Things are interwoven and are 221 Koko Joseph O. CC BY-NC-ND Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs Journal of Languages, Linguistics and Literary Studies (JOLLS) Http://www.jolls.com.ng Vol 6. September 2018 ISSN : 2636-7149-6300 (online & print) and such are referred to as anàgó. What explanation further shows Ogu language is marvels one at time, is when indigenes of found in Togo, Ghana, Côte d‟Ivoire, Benin these Gunuvi communities are regarded as republic. Though the reality is not perfectly non-Nigerians by people who are not clear but we are of the opinion that Ogu conversant with the Egun people. This issue language has some sister languages like; is another topic on its own. Ewe, Ouatchi, Fon, Mina and Yoruba which belong to the same continuum of Edè or Gbè. Ogu language as an ethnic One truth is that Yoruba language and culture Ogu language according to Tonuewa (2015) have a very strong influence on these originated from the people of Dahomey languages along the West African coastal kingdom and the question is what distinction regional communities. We in this research exits between Fon and Ogu. For we know for have some additional information regarding sure that they are two different languages Tonuewa‟s opinion and this will be detailed belonging to a continuum of Edè or Gbè. in the subsequent part. These two languages are parented languages and share several things in common. His Etymology of Ogu language Having examined the languages along the West African coast sub region communities and the speakers right from Badagry to Côte d‟Ivoire, we are of the opinion that Ogu is a language which comprises of lexis from multiple communities because its vocabularies reflect this fact. The diversity of Ogu lexis consists of words from Ewe, Ouatchi, Fon, Mina and Yoruba. It is certain that the integration of these different languages lexis gave Ogu its new nature among the speakers within a space of time. Considering the genealogical history of Badagry, this reveals some set of people who migrated from Ghana, Togo, Benin and the environs and met some dwellers who settled in the riverine area called Gberefu in the early period of 13th century, precisely in 1425. They settled with the existing people and the languages of these new immigrants were integrated into their language with the interfusion of the new languages‟ lexis even down to the other Gunvi communities in Ogun, Oyo and Kwara. 222 Koko Joseph O. CC BY-NC-ND Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs Journal of Languages, Linguistics and Literary Studies (JOLLS) Http://www.jolls.com.ng Vol 6. September 2018 ISSN : 2636-7149-6300 (online & print) GHANA TOGO BENIN REP. NIGERIA Fon Yoruba Ipokia Ogu Ewe Badagry Gen Cartography of continuum of Edè /Gbè languages of Capo (1991) adopted from Ayele Atchivon (2014).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 8 AFRICA 8 Ask God to Use the Truth Found in His Word to Mature Those Who Follow Christ
    8 AFRICA 8 Ask God to use the truth found in His Word to mature those who follow Christ. May the Scriptures draw CIDA; AFRICA others into a transforming relationship with Him. Praise the Lord! A production of dramatized MARBLE; AFRICA Scripture stories in Cida is now complete and the stories are being released one at a time on the Internet. The main translator in the Marble New Testament The Scripture website is getting about one thousand project suffered from ongoing health problems that hits a week, mostly from speakers of the language who prevented her from working. Praise the Lord that have immigrated to other countries. Pray that the she is now able to work again. Ask God to continue translation team will find ways to get the recordings to heal her body and keep her from further relapses. directly into the country, possibly through radio Pray for final revisions and consultant checks on broadcasts. Ask God to give creativity to the team as the manuscript to be completed so that the New they consider how to improve the online feedback Testament can be recorded and distributed in audio mechanism in order to increase communications format; it will then also be printed. Ask the Lord to between the audience and a local believer who is direct the team in finding the best ways to distribute responding to their questions and comments. Above these Scriptures, and for hearts eager to receive them. all, pray that these products will result in new NARA; AFRICA believers and communities of faith. Rejoice! The Nara New Testament is now available in KWEME; AFRICA (40,000) audio and PDF format on the Internet! Local believers The Kweme New Testament was completed and are increasingly interested in the translation as they an additional review of it was carried out last year.
    [Show full text]
  • U 'A – C E D "S P 'I " Integration De La Langue Yoruba Au
    Université d’Abomey – Calavi Ecole Doctorale "Sciences Pour l’Ingénieur" DIPLOME D’ETUDES APPROFONDIES SCIENCES POUR INGENIEUR (DEA-SPI) Rapport de stage Spécialité : Informatique et Télécommunications INTEGRATION DE LA LANGUE YORUBA AU SYSTEME MARYTTS DE SYNTHESE VOCALE Présenté par : John Oscar Raoul AOGA, Ingénieur de conception en Génie Informatique et Télécommunications Soutenu le 04 décembre 2014 Encadré par : Sous la direction de : Dr. Théophile K. DAGBA, Pr. Antoine VIANOU, Maître Assistant, Professeur Titulaire, CAMES, ENEAM/UAC CAMES, EPAC/UAC Stage eectué au Laboratoire d’électrotechnique de télécommunication et d’informatique appliquée Année académique 2013 - 2014 Sommaire Dédicace iii Remerciements iv Liste des sigles et abréviations vi Notations vii Liste des tableaux viii Liste des figures ix Résumé xi Abstract xii Introduction1 I Synthèse Bibliographique 5 1 Langue yorùbá et sa structure vocalique6 2 Synthèse vocale et état de l’art 15 II Matériels et Méthodes 31 3 Construction de corpus et intégration du yorùbá à MaryTTS 32 4 Synthèse vocale du yorùbá à partir de MaryTTS 43 III Résultats et Discussion 48 5 Résultats et Performances 49 i INTEGRATION DE LA LANGUE YORUBA AU SYSTEME MARYTTS DE SYNTHESE VOCALE 6 Discussion et perspectives 59 Conclusion 63 Bibliographie 64 Webographie 69 Table des matières 73 Annexes 75 A Les divers phonèmes de yorùbá et leur représentation phoné- tique (IPA) 75 B Les phrases de test 78 C Les scripts Perl de prétraitement des textes yorùbá 82 D Des statistiques concernant les phonèmes 92 Réalisé par: John Oscar Raoul AOGA ii INTEGRATION DE LA LANGUE YORUBA AU SYSTEME MARYTTS DE SYNTHESE VOCALE Dédicace Ce mémoire est dédié à vous, vous qui aviez quié ce monde, sans un adieu, sans une promesse de retour, vous qui aviez été pour moi au delà d’un mentor, un père, vous FEU Sèmiyou A.
    [Show full text]
  • Alfred M Traux
    The Dennis Wheatley Library of the Occult Volume 19 Doctor Alfred Métraux spent many years on the study of religious phenomena and diverse cults. He often visited Haiti, sometimes spending long periods there. From 1948 to 1950 he was head of a sociological survey of the Marbial Valley. He became the trusted friend of several hungan and mambo, the priests and priestesses of Voodoo, from whom he gained a great deal of the insight and understanding which is revealed in this book. Voodoo ALFRED MÉTRAUX Translated by Hugo Charteris First published in Great Britain by Andre Deutsch Ltd 1959 Copyright © Alfred Métraux 1959 Preface copyright © Schoken Books Inc 1972 Published by Sphere Books 1974 Introduction copyright © Dennis Wheatley 1974 To the memory of LORGINA DELORGE mambo of La Salines whose sacred name was ‘Dieu devant’ and to MADAME ODETTE MENNESSON-RIGAUD ‘certified’ mambo without whose help this book could never have been written Contents Introduction by Dennis Wheatley 7 Preface by Sidney W. Mintz 9 I. THE HISTORY OF VOODOO Origins and History of the Voodoo Cults 19 II. THE SOCIAL FRAMEWORK OF VOODOO 1. The Social Framework of Voodoo 38 2. Voodoo Clergy and Cult-groups 40 3. The Sanctuaries 48 III. THE SUPERNATURAL WORLD 1. Gods and Spirits in Haitian Voodoo 52 2. The Power of the Loa 59 3. The Voodoo Pantheon 61 4. Possession 73 5. Epiphany of the Gods 85 6. Dreams 86 7. The Cult of Twins 88 8. Animist Beliefs 92 IV. RITUAL 1. Ritual 95 2. The Ritual Salutations 96 3. The Flag Parade 97 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Contact-Induced Changes in Amerindian Languages of French Guiana Françoise Rose, Odile Renault-Lescure
    Contact-induced changes in Amerindian Languages of French Guiana Françoise Rose, Odile Renault-Lescure To cite this version: Françoise Rose, Odile Renault-Lescure. Contact-induced changes in Amerindian Languages of French Guiana. Stolz, T., Bakker, D. & Salas Palomo, R. Aspects of language contact, Mouton de Gruyter, pp.349-376, 2008. halshs-00714166 HAL Id: halshs-00714166 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00714166 Submitted on 3 Jul 2012 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Contact-induced changes in Amerindian Languages of French Guiana Françoise Rose / Odile Renault-Lescure Laboratoire CELIA (Paris, Cayenne), IRD-CNRS (France) 1. Introduction French Guiana is an ideal place for the study of language contact, with its six Amerindian languages, various French based and English based Creoles, immigrant languages like Chinese or Hmong and, what is of interest for this conference, Romance languages like French, Portuguese and Spanish (Launey et al, 2003). This paper will focus on contact between on the one hand, two Amerindian languages, Kali‟na and Emérillon, and on the other hand Romance languages: French, Portuguese and Spanish. This contact will regularly be compared with the contact of the same Amerindian languages with Creole languages.
    [Show full text]
  • The History of Wake Forest University (1983–2005)
    The History of Wake Forest University (1983–2005) Volume 6 | The Hearn Years The History of Wake Forest University (1983–2005) Volume 6 | The Hearn Years Samuel Templeman Gladding wake forest university winston-salem, north carolina Publisher’s Cataloging-in-Publication data Names: Gladding, Samuel T., author. Title: History of Wake Forest University Volume 6 / Samuel Templeman Gladding. Description: First hardcover original edition. | Winston-Salem [North Carolina]: Library Partners Press, 2016. | Includes index. Identifiers: ISBN 978-1-61846-013-4. | LCCN 201591616. Subjects: LCSH: Wake Forest University–History–United States. | Hearn, Thomas K. | Wake Forest University–Presidents–Biography. | Education, Higher–North Carolina–Winston-Salem. |. Classification: LCCLD5721.W523. | First Edition Copyright © 2016 by Samuel Templeman Gladding Book jacket photography courtesy of Ken Bennett, Wake Forest University Photographer ISBN 978-1-61846-013-4 | LCCN 201591616 All rights reserved, including the right of reproduction, in whole or in part, in any form. Produced and Distributed By: Library Partners Press ZSR Library Wake Forest University 1834 Wake Forest Road Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27106 www.librarypartnerspress.org Manufactured in the United States of America To the thousands of Wake Foresters who, through being “constant and true” to the University’s motto, Pro Humanitate, have made the world better, To Claire, my wife, whose patience, support, kindness, humor, and goodwill encouraged me to persevere and bring this book into being, and To Tom Hearn, whose spirit and impact still lives at Wake Forest in ways that influence the University every day and whose invitation to me to come back to my alma mater positively changed the course of my life.
    [Show full text]
  • ECFG-Benin-Apr-19.Pdf
    About this Guide This guide is designed to prepare you to deploy to culturally complex environments and achieve mission objectives. The fundamental information contained within will help you understand the decisive cultural dimension of your assigned location and gain skills necessary for success (Photo: Beninese medics perform routine physical examinations on local residents of Wanrarou, Benin). ECFG The guide consists of 2 parts: Part 1 introduces “Culture General,” the foundational knowledge you need to operate effectively in any global environment. Benin Part 2 presents “Culture Specific” Benin, focusing on unique cultural features of Beninese society and is designed to complement other pre-deployment training. It applies culture- general concepts to help increase your knowledge of your assigned deployment location (Photo: Beninese Army Soldier practices baton strikes during peacekeeping training with US Marine in Bembereke, Benin). For further information, visit the Air Force Culture and Language Center (AFCLC) website at www.airuniversity.af.edu/AFCLC/ or contact AFCLC’s Region Team at [email protected]. Disclaimer: All text is the property of the AFCLC and may not be modified by a change in title, content, or labeling. It may be reproduced in its current format with the expressed permission of the AFCLC. All photography is provided as a courtesy of the US government, Wikimedia, and other sources as indicated. GENERAL CULTURE PART 1 – CULTURE GENERAL What is Culture? Fundamental to all aspects of human existence, culture shapes the way humans view life and functions as a tool we use to adapt to our social and physical environments. A culture is the sum of all of the beliefs, values, behaviors, and symbols that have meaning for a society.
    [Show full text]
  • A Sociolinguistic Survey of the Gbe Language Communities of Benin and Togo Gbe Language Family Overview
    DigitalResources Electronic Survey Report 2011-012 ® A sociolinguistic survey of the Gbe language communities of Benin and Togo Gbe language family overview Angela Kluge A sociolinguistic survey of the Gbe language communities of Benin and Togo Gbe language family overview Angela Kluge SIL International® 2011 SIL Electronic Survey Report 2011-012, March 2011 Copyright © 2011 Angela Kluge and SIL International® All rights reserved Contents Abstract 1. Introduction 2. Classification and clustering of Gbe 3. Classification of Gbe: Problems with the dialect-language dichotomy 4. Classification of Gbe as a macrolanguage with member languages 5. Classification of Gbe outside the dialect-language dichotomy 6. Sociolinguistic literature extensibility study of the Gbe language continuum 7. Summary References 2 Abstract This paper presents a tentative classification of the Gbe language varieties (Kwa language family), spoken in the southeastern part of West Africa. Given the chaining pattern of the Gbe cluster, this paper also discusses whether the individual Gbe speech varieties should be considered and classified as dialects of one larger language, or as closely related but distinct languages, or as member languages of a Gbe macrolanguage. To date no satisfying solution is available. Further, this paper serves as an introduction to the 10-volume series “A sociolinguistic survey of the Gbe language communities of Benin and Togo,” represented in a series of reports published in SIL Electronic Survey Reports: Kpési (Durieux-Boon et al. 2010), Ayizo (Hatfield and McHenry 2010), Kotafon (Hatfield et al. 2010), Xwela (Henson et al. 2010), Xwla (Henson and Kluge 2010), Ci (Henson 2010), Defi (Johnson 2010), Saxwe, Daxe, and Se (Johnson 2010), Tofin (Schoch 2010), and Gbesi (Schoch 2010).
    [Show full text]
  • Decomposing Gender and Ethnic Earnings Gaps in Seven West African Cities
    Decomposing Gender and Ethnic Earnings Gaps in Seven West African Cities Christophe J. Nordman Anne-Sophie Robilliard François Roubaud DIAL, IRD, Paris DIAL, IRD, Dakar DIAL, IRD, Hanoi IZA/World Bank Conference “Employment & Development” 4-5 May 2009, Bonn 1 1. Motivation • Manifest shortcomings of studies on African countries, particularly due to the shortage of available data (Bennell, 1996). • Gender and ethnic inequality likely to be greater when markets do not function efficiently and the states lack resources for introducing corrective policies. • Understanding the roots of inequalities between the sexes and ethnic groups and reducing the gender and ethnic gap => poverty reduction policies in these countries (+MDG3 on gender). • In the case of Africa, not much known about inequalities in labour market outcomes: Weichselbaumer and Winter-Ebmer (2005) : only 3 percent of the studies on gender wage gap stem from African data out of all the empirical literature since the 1960s. 2 • Gender gaps : existing literature indicates that there is a wide consensus on the presence of important inequalities between men and women, both for salaried and self-employed workers. • Lots of attention on the question of the impact of ethnolinguistic fractionalization on development Easterly and Levine (1997) conclude that “Africa’s growth tragedy” is in part related to its high level of ethnic diversity, resulting in poor institutional functioning. • Ethnic wage gap : much scarcer literature In Ghana, Barr and Oduro (2000) find that a significant proportion of earnings differentials between ethnic groups can be explained by standard observed workers’ characteristics. 3 2. Data, Concepts and Methodology Data • Original series of urban household surveys in West Africa, the 1-2-3 Surveys conducted in seven major WAEMU cities (Abidjan, Bamako, Cotonou, Dakar, Lome, Niamey and Ouagadougou) from 2001 to 2002.
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Linguistic Approaches to Haitian
    Historical linguistic approaches to Haitian Creole Vodou Rites, spirit names and songs: the founders’ contributions to Asogwe Vodou Benjamin Hebblethwaite University of Florida 1. Introduction The captive Africans transported across the Atlantic migrated with African religious traditions that they firmly established in the colony of Saint-Domingue (1697-1803) and in independent Haiti (1804). The devotees of these religious traditions are grounded in a belief in one God, Bondye, and they serve intercessor spirits that exist in a cultural system with rich mythological, historical, familial and ritual underpinnings. African spirit-systems, ritual knowledge, and organizational structures migrated with the African captives to Saint-Domingue, evolved in the colony, and persist into the present day. In this chapter I explore Haitian Creole Vodou Rites, spirit names, and songs by means of a historical linguistic approach that is rooted in etymological research. That work in lexicology informs a historical linguistic theory that aims to explain the form displayed in the tradition of Asogwe Vodou. Vodou’s Rites and the sacred songs that are sung in the course of their services are in Haitian Creole but they contain many lexical items that stem from West African languages like Fon, Yoruba, Ewe, and Igbo, in addition to West Central African languages like Kikongo and Kituba. African lexical items in Haitian Vodou form a significant part of the religion’s lexicon. The identification of the African lexical sources of the religion reveals the exact origins of Vodou traditions, sheds light on the history of the French slave trade, and provides clues about the way in which Vodou took form in colonial Saint-Domingue and independent Haiti.
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Linguistic Dimensions of Spirit Migration in Haitian Vodou Benjamin Hebblethwaite, [email protected]
    Historical Linguistic Dimensions of Spirit Migration in Haitian Vodou Benjamin Hebblethwaite, [email protected] Sponsored by: • UF’s Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures • The Bavarian Funding Programme for the Initiation of International Projects (BayIntAn) Basic facts about the organization of Vodou • Oungan/Manbo Makout - Family and extended family traditions throughout Haiti. • Vodou Lakou/Sèvitè - Family and public traditions that hew to a single Rite (Gonaives & L’Artibonite Department). - Dahomen (Lakou Souvnans) - Kongo (Lakou Soukri Danach) - Nago (Lakou Nan Badjo) - Banda (Lakou Dewonvil) - Bizango (L’Artibonite Department) • Members of Vodou Lakou communities generally attend services in several of the communities of the region. • Vodou Asogwe/Kanzo - There are also public traditions that syncretize multiple Rites. • The southern city of Leyogann is known for its Asogwe/Kanzo Vodou temples. Candidates to the priesthood travel from various parts of Haiti to Leyogann for initiation (Oungan Michelet Alisma). • Vodou Asogwe is my focus because it contains multiple African Rites (Beauvoir 2008 & 2008). Vodou Lakou (‘Yard Vodou’); North Asogwe Vodou; West Courtesy of Google Historical traces of populations captured and sold into slavery and their religion: Saint-Méry (1797) • African populations listed by Saint-Méry: Sénégalais (26), Yoloffes [Wolof?] (27), Poules/Poulards, Bambaras, Quiambas, Mandingues, Bissagos, Sosos, Aradas, Caplaou (29) [Cap Laho, east of Ivory Coast], Mines [Gold Coast], Agouas, Socos, Fantins, Cotocolis,
    [Show full text]
  • The Sacred in Cuba, Haiti, Brazil and Benin Republic: Aspects of a Linguistic and Cultural Dialogue
    Studia Religiologica 51 (3) 2018, s. 179–193 doi:10.4467/20844077SR.18.013.10097 www.ejournals.eu/Studia-Religiologica The Sacred in Cuba, Haiti, Brazil and Benin Republic: Aspects of a Linguistic and Cultural Dialogue Hippolyte Brice Sogbossi http://orcid.org/0000–0003–3047–244X Departamento de Ciências Sociais e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Universidade Federal de Sergipe [email protected] Abstract The so-called Transatlantic Traffic imposed new linguistical and cultural configurations on the three continents involved in this tragedy: Africa, America and Europe. Such configurations acquire a complex of dynamics that, nowadays, we speak of flux and reflux of traffic, because of the in- tense and broad cultural and social exchange between these continents. Religion is one of the main or fundamental elements that is diluted in the cultural exchanges between Africa and America, especially those of the so called Sudanese nations, which receive various denominations: Santeria, Vodun, and Candomblé, among others. I will deal with the presentation of the jeje-nagô pattern in order to promote a dialogue, taking in account manifestation in Cuba, Haiti, Brazil and Benin. I will choose, describe and analyse from a comparative perspective a sample of songs and ritual lexicon (including terms of kinship) of Dahomean and Ewé-Fon origin in Arará Santeria, Vodun in Haiti, and Mina-Jeje Candomblé in Brazil in one part of the study, and in the other part, with the Vodun of Benin. This experience will undoubtedly shed light on the diversity and richness of meanings attributed from cultural and social relations in religious spaces and in society as a whole.
    [Show full text]
  • Nasal Vowel Patterns in West Africa” 1 [email protected]
    UC Berkeley Phonology Lab Annual Report (2013) Nicholas Rolle UC Berkeley 1 “Nasal vowel patterns in West Africa” [email protected] 1. INTRODUCTION Nasal vowels are a common feature of West African phonologies, and have received a significant amount of attention concerning their (suprasegmental) representation, their interaction with nasal consonants, and their phonetic realization. Numerous authors have presented surveys of varying degrees of (targeted) depth which address the distribution of contrastive nasal vowels in (West) Africa, including Hyman (1972), Williamson (1973), Ruhlen (1978), Maddieson (1984, 2007), Clements (2000), Clements & Rialland (2006), and Hajek (2011). Building on this literature, this present study provides a more extensive survey on contrastive nasal vowels in West Africa, and specifically studies the types of systematic gaps found. For example, the language Togo-Remnant language Bowili has a 7 oral vowel inventory canonical of West Africa /i e ɛ a ɔ o u/, as well as a full set of nasal counterparts /ĩ ẽ ɛ ̃ ã ɔ̃ õ ũ/ (Williamson 1973). In contrast, the Gur language Bariba has the same 7 oral vowel inventory, though a more limited nasal set /ĩ ɛ ̃ ã ɔ̃ ũ/, missing mid-high vowels */ẽ õ/ (Hyman 1972:201). Using this as a starting point, this paper addresses the following questions: . What are the recurring patterns one finds in West African nasal vowel systems and inventories? o What restrictions are there on mid vowels in the nasal inventory? . In which families/areal zones do we find these patterns? . To which factors can we attribute these patterns? o Genetic – Vertical inheritance o Areal – Horizontal spread o Universal Phonetic – Parallel Developments .
    [Show full text]