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Ethnic Minorities and Regional Development in Asia: Reality and Challenges A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Cao, Huhua Book — Published Version Ethnic Minorities and Regional Development in Asia: Reality and Challenges ICAS Publication Series: Edited Volumes, No. 10 Provided in Cooperation with: Amsterdam University Press (AUP) Suggested Citation: Cao, Huhua (2009) : Ethnic Minorities and Regional Development in Asia: Reality and Challenges, ICAS Publication Series: Edited Volumes, No. 10, ISBN 978-90-485-0818-1, Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam, http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789089640918 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/181370 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ www.econstor.eu Publications ­Series ­ RealityEdited Volumes 10 and Ethnic ­Minorities Reality and ­ Development Ethnic ­Minorities ­ ­ and Dr. Huhua Cao, professor in Social Geography at the ­ and ­Regional ­ University of Ottawa, is a specialist in the application Regional ­ in of the geostatistical approach to urban and regional ­ Challenges Asia Challenges minority development. ­ Development­ ­in ­Asia Cao (ed.) Cao Since the Second World War, Asian nations have Reality and Challenges experienced some of the fastest economic growth in the world. Yet, paralleling the extraordinary growth, unequal development has generated economic and regional imbalances, particularly in the ultramodern Edited by metropolises and littoral zones. The development Huhua Cao experience in the world over the last century has shown that economic growth cannot be sustained without taking into consideration the social and political development of vulnerable populations, including greater recognition of minority rights. Better minority socioeconomic and political accommodations have contributed to society’s overall well being and the sustainability of economic growth. Integrating minorities as part of their development is a challenge of immense magnitude that Asian societies are facing. Within this context, the objective of Ethnic Minorities and Regional Development in Asia: Reality and Challenges is to support the interdisciplinary discussion that aims to join studies surrounding the development of minorities in Asia. )3". 9 789089 640918 www.aup.nl ISBN 978 90 8964 091 8 Ethnic Minorities and Regional Development in Asia Publications Series General Editor Paul van der Velde Publications Officer Martina van den Haak Editorial Board Wim Boot (Leiden University); Jennifer Holdaway (Social Science Research Coun- cil); Christopher A. Reed (The Ohio State University); Anand A. Yang (Director of the Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies and Chair of International Studies at the University of Washington); Guobin Yang (Barnard College, Colum- bia University) The ICAS Publications Series consists of Monographs and Edited Volumes. The Series takes a multidisciplinary approach to issues of interregional and multilat- eral importance for Asia in a global context. The Series aims to stimulate dialo- gue amongst scholars and civil society groups at the local, regional and interna- tional levels. The International Convention of Asia Scholars (ICAS) was founded in 1997. Its main goals are to transcend the boundaries between disciplines, between nations studied, and between the geographic origins of the Asia scholars involved. ICAS has grown into the largest biennial Asia studies event covering all subjects of Asia studies. So far five editions of ICAS have been held respectively in Leiden (1998), Berlin (2001), Singapore (2003), Shanghai (2005) and Kuala Lumpur (2007). ICAS 6 will be held in Daejeon (South Korea) from 6-9 August 2009. In 2001 the ICAS secretariat was founded which guarantees the continuity of the ICAS process. In 2004 the ICAS Book Prize (IBP) was established in order to create by way of a global competition both an international focus for publications on Asia while at the same time increasing their visibility worldwide. Also in 2005 the ICAS Publications Series were established. For more information: www.icassecretariat.org Ethnic Minorities and Regional Development in Asia Reality and Challenges Edited by Huhua Cao Publications Series Edited Volumes 10 Cover design: JB&A raster grafisch ontwerp, Westland Layout: The DocWorkers, Almere ISBN 978 90 8964 091 8 e-ISBN 978 90 4850 818 1 NUR 747 / 761 © ICAS / Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam 2009 All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright re- served above, no part of this book may be reproduced, stored in or in- troduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the written permission of both the copyright owner and the author of the book. Table of Contents Table of Contents 5 List of Tables, Figures, and Photos 7 Acknowledgements 11 1 Introduction 13 Huhua Cao Part I Minority Region Development 2 Maximising Opportunities for the Tibetans of Qinghai Province, China 19 Anja Lahtinen 3 Southeast Asia ‘Ethnic Minorities’ in an Account by the Florentine Merchant Francesco Carletti: A 17th Century Manuscript 33 Elisabetta Colla 4 Fuzzy Sets in Regional Development Analysis: A case study of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Western China 49 Shengquan Ma, Ruibo Han, Chengyi Zhang 5 Patterns of the Use and the Choice of Health Care Facilities among the Han and Minority Populations in China 65 Julia Vedom and Huhua Cao 6 Accessibility of Health Care for Pastoralists in the Tibetan Plateau Region: A Case Study from Southern Qinghai Province, China 83 Peter M. Foggin, Marion E. Torrance and J. Marc Foggin 6 ETHNIC MINORITIES AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN ASIA 7 Dealing with Urban Ethnic Differences: A Comparative Analysis of Chinese and Canadian Strategies 93 Reza Hasmath Part II Ethnic Mobility And Urbanisation 8 Urbanisation Processes among Ethnic Groups in Western China 109 Ai Deng, Anwaer Maimaitiming, Huhua Cao 9 Conflict and Displacement: A Leading Social Problem in Sri Lanka A Study of Two Communities in Anuradhapura District 129 Rev. Pinnawala Sangasumana 10 Sardar Sarovar Dam: A Case Study of Oustees in Gujarat, India 149 Niladri Ranjan Dash 11 Local Government and Multicultural Coexistence Practices in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area: Integrating a Growing Foreigner Minority Population 165 Stephen Robert Nagy 12 Challenges of ecotourism in northern Laos: The case of Luang Nam Tha province 183 Yann Roche 13 Ethnic Tourism Development: Preliminary Data for the Dong Village of Zhaoxing, China 193 Candice Cornet 14 Between Performance and Intimacy: Back Spaces and Private Moments in the Tourist Village of Luoshui, China 205 Tânia Ganito Biography of Contributors 217 Bibliography 223 List of Tables, Figures, and Photos List of tables Table 2.1 Per capita annual income of urban and rural households (Yuan, RMB) 24 Table 2.2 Urban registered unemployment and unemployment rate by region 27 Table 4.1 Information content 54 Table 4.2 The Ideal for each indicator in Ningxia in 2003 58 Table 4.3 Information content 59 Table 4.4 The economic development evaluation table for Ningxia, 2002-2004 59 Table 5.1 Logistic regression results for factors affecting the choice of facilities in 2004 76 Table 6.1 HDI’s and other indicators for selected countries and provinces of China Table 7.1 Ethnic Composition of Total Population in Toronto, 1971-2001 84 Table 7.2 Ethnic Composition of Total Population in Beijing, 2000 100 Table 8.1 The level of urbanisation of ethnic nationalities in western China in 2000 102 Table 8.2 The descriptive statistics of urbanisation level and other variables 111 Table 8.3 Regression results of the nationality urbanisation model 117 Table 8.4 Urbanisation rate among China’s provinces in 2000 119 Table 8.5 The employment, education and other factors of the fifteen ethnic nationalities, whose urbanisation levels are higher than 28 per cent (2000) 122 Table 8.6 The employment, education and other factors of the 36 ethnic nationalities, whose urbanisation levels are lower than 28 per cent (2000) 125 Table 10.1a Selected Villages – Social Composition 151 8 ETHNIC MINORITIES AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN ASIA Table 10.1 State-Wise break-up of affected villages and number of affected families 154 Table 10.2 Demography: Resettled Persons 154 Table 10.3 Land Holding: Number of Households 155 Table 10.4 Occupations: Number of Households 155 Table 10.5a Resettlement Status 156 Table 10.5b Resettlement
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