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Oral History Office University of California the Bancroft Library Berkeley, California Regional Oral History Office University of California The Bancroft Library Berkeley, California Madi Bacon MUSICIAN, EDUCATOR, MOUNTAINEER With Introductions by Ernst Bacon Mary Lins William Duncan Allen Jules Eichorn An Interview Conducted by Janet G. Harris 1985-1987 Copyright 01989 by The Regents of the University of California Since 1954 the Regional Oral History Office has been interviewing leading participants in or well-placed witnesses to major events in the development of Northern California, the West,and the Nation. Oral history is a modern research technique involving an interviewee and an informed interviewer in spontaneous conversation. The taped record is transcribed, lightly edited for continuity and clarity, and reviewed by the interviewee. The resulting manuscript is typed in final form, indexed, bound with photographs and illustrative materials, and placed in The Bancroft Library at the University of California, Berkeley, and other research collections for scholarly use. Because it is primary material, oral history is not intended to present the final, verified, or complete narrative of events. It is a spoken account, offered by the interviewee in response to questioning, and as such it is reflective, partisan, deeply involved, and irreplaceable. All uses of this manuscript are covered by a legal agreement between the University of California and Madi Bacon, dated September 24, 1986. The manuscript is thereby made available for research purposes. All literary rights in the manuscript, including the right to publish, are reserved to The Bancroft Library of the University of California, Berkeley. No part of the manuscript may be quoted for publication without the written permission of the Director of The Bancroft Library of the University of California, Berkeley. Requests for permission to quote for publication should be addressed to the Regional Oral History Office, 486 Library, University of California, Berkeley 94720, and should include identification of the specific passages to be quoted, anticipated use of the passages, and identification of the user. The legal agreement with Madi Bacon requires that she be notified of the request and allowed thirty days in which to respond. It is recommended that this oral history be cited as follows : Madi Bacon, "Musician, Educator, Mountaineer," an oral history conducted from 1985-1987 by Janet G. Harris, Regional Oral History Office, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley, 1989. Copy no. BACON, Madi (1906- ) Choral conductor Musician. Educator. Mountaineer, 1989, xii, 236 pp. Chicago: family background; music training; Hull House, art assistant, 1922; evolving a theory of teaching voice; MA, Univ. of Chicago; music school director, Central YMCA College/Roosevelt Univ., 1941-1946. UC Berkeley: summer session, 1946; Extension music program, and chorus, 1948-1959; building a home. San Francisco Boys Chorus: beginnings; music camp and Sunday vespers; auditions; performances with Opera and Symphony; finances; individuals; repertoire. Sierra Club: high trips, 1939-1950; leaders. Comments on women in conducting, Calvin Simmons, Ernst Bacon, Albert Elkus, Kurt Herbert Adler, and others. Introductions by Ernst Bacon, Mary Lins, William Duncan Allen, and Jules Eichorn, Interviewed 1985-1987 by Janet G. Harris Acknowledgments The Bancroft Library, on behalf of future researchers, wishes to thank the following persons whose contributions made this oral history of Madi Bacon possible. Special thanks are due Dr. Steven Arnon and Mary Lins for their leadership in organizing the funding and Louise M. Davies and Marjory B. Farquhar for their very generous response. Mrs. Virginia Adams, in memory of Ansel Adams Mary Louise Ainsworth Brockenbrough S. and Diana W. L. Allen Joyce and Stephen S. Arnon, M.D. Alfons R. Bacon, M. D. and Dorothy Bacon Frank and Ann-Liv Bacon Caroline and Chuck Bacon William C. Balch Mr. and Mrs. Rainer F. Baldauf Mr. and Mrs. Robert Baldwin, Jr. William J. and Edith Doe Ballard N. Constance Beaty Sandra and Karl Bemesderfer Sue Bender Gus and Emily Benner Mr. and Mrs. Edward H. Bennett, Jr. Philip Brett Mrs. W. R. Bingham Phyllis V. Bosley Dyke Brown Sue Heath Brown Earl and June Cheit Ross Cheit Barbara L. Chevalier John Clements and Margot Powers Clements Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Cockrell Fred and Steven Cohen Mr. and Mrs. Michael Conheim Buni Cooper Jean Altman Cosad Elizabeth Davidson Louise M. Davies Mildred Dickinson A. J. A. Dronkers J. J. Dronkers Marcelle Dronkers Dot and Jerry Edelstein Elizabeth Elkus Ray, Carol, Jennie, Cathy, and David Ellis Mrs. Armin Elmendorf J. H. England Warren W. and Avis A. Eukel Robert L. Fahrner Marjory B. Farquhar Margaret Farrell Clark Doris Fine Betsy Flack Jane H. Galante Charles R. Gamez John and Marianne Gerhart Gilbert H. Gleason Mr. and Mrs. Adolphus E. Graupner, Jr. Mafalda Guaraldi Shirley Haag Carl Ludwig & Norma Warren Hansen Ric and Janet Harnsberger David and Janet Heffner Patrick John Hethcoat Lane R. Hirabayshi, Ph.D. Robert L. and Barbara L. Huebel Sylvia Jenkins Mr. and Mrs. Sol Joseph Julius Kaufman Elinor Kefalas Selma and George Klett Brian Knapp A. C. Knight Michael Laschober Darrell K. Leong Peter Libby, M. D. and Beryl Benacerraf-Libby,M. D Mary Lins Roy and Jennie C. Linstedt Mary Maehl Lucy and Sherman Maisel Ken Malucelli Elizabeth Lloyd Mayer Howard and Nancy Me1 Lewis and Ruth Meyers Richard Miailovich The Music Department, UC Berkeley David Ostwald San Francisco Boys' Chorus James Schwabacher The Soule Foundation Marie Sparks James C. Steele Elizabeth Stypes Richard L. and Roselyne C. Swig Alice Taylor Ernst Weber TABLE OF CONTENTS -- Madi Bacon INTRODUCTION by Ernst Bacon INTRODUCTION by Mary Lins iii INTRODUCTION by William Duncan Allen INTRODUCTION by Jules Eichorn INTERVIEW HISTORY viii BRIEF BIOGRAPHY I FAMILY AND EARLY EDUCATION von Rosthorn Relatives Charles Sumner Bacon At Home in Chicago Trip to Europe, Summer of 1921 Hull House University of Chicago, Undergraduate Years Summer Camp Experience Trip to Europe in 1927 I1 MUSICAL EDUCATION Introduction to California in 1928 Study in New York in 1929 Return to Chicago Evolving a Theory of Teaching Voice Graduate Study at University of Chicago Study at Tanglewood I11 CONDUCTING, TEACHING, AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPERIENCE Central YMCA College/Roosevelt University Summer Session, University of California, Berkeley University Extension Music Director, Music Department Lecturer Courses for the Community Extension Division Chorus: Performance versus Theory Resignation from the University IV SAN FRANCISCO BOYS CHORUS Building a Chorus and a Home San Francisco Boys Chorus Singing with San Francisco Opera in Los Angeles Setting Up Summer Music Camp Sunday Vesper Service Aims of Chorus Program Training Young Voices Performance Demands Audition Requirements Performances with San Francisco Opera and Symphony Vienna Boys Choir and San Francisco Boys Chorus Chorus Finances Working with Children and Adults Individual Choristers Compositions Created for San Francisco Boys Chorus Repertoire Sung from Memory V SIERRA CLUB EXPERIENCES High Trips 1939-1950 Mountain Climbing/Friendship with Norman Clyde Foreign Travel with the Sierra Club Friendship with Dorothy Erskine Benefits of Sierra Club Membership VI AN ACTIVE RETIREMENT International Travel Teaching Voice Students Opportunities for Women Conductors Reflections on Growing Older Summing Up a Lifetime APPENDIX INDEX INTRODUCTION by Ernst Bacon "A Musician and Sister Observed" The arrival on the scene of Madi Bacon fulfilled my mother's long hope for a daughter after she had borne four sons, one of whom died in infancy. My mother spared no effort to educate her daughter in her early years and later sent her to the famous Francis Parker School which was located near our Chicago home. Here Madi's quick enthusiasm, sociability, and diverse interests and talents found ample scope. She revealed a vitality that threaded throughout her life and persists today in her old age. Later, she devoted serious study to piano and singing, also to foreign languages, apart from her other academic pursuits. Her hospitable and handsomely planned Berkeley home has long been a center for music-making, learning, and sociability for interesting, diverse people. Loneliness would seem to be the lot of many single people of older years living alone, but Madi will have less of it than most. Her many friends and students are constant visitors, while she, in turn, cultivates them and forms new bonds naturally as a matter of temperament. Besides, she is an avid reader. Others may name her accomplishments in detail. I shall recite only the most visible points. As a choral conductor, America has to date produced no superior among women. Better known yes, but not of higher standard and style. I estimate a leader in ratio to his or her given circumstances. With slender means, limited rehearsal time and instrumental support, makeshift rehearsal space, and the pressure to raise funds to support her work, Madi created the Elizabethan Madrigalists of Chicago, the Winnetka Mixed Chorus, the Roosevelt College Chorus, the University of California Extension Chorus, and the San Francisco Boys Chorus (SFBC). She directed the SFBC for twenty-five years and their performances won high respect in the East and subsequently abroad. Madi was an administrator at Chicago YMCA College (later Roosevelt University) and the University of California Extension Division. Her policy in building a staff was to favor real achievement or ability over
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