Summer 2009 Vol 21 Number 1 Magazine

Spotlight on Africa LSE’s first chair in African Development

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Editor’s message Features

As an LSE alumnus reading this magazine you will 6 Africa on the march be one of nearly 90,000 spread across the globe Thandika Mkandawire, the and working in all walks of life. Few of you will have first holder of LSE’s new chair escaped the ravages of the financial crisis that in African Development, talks to Jo Beall about his role seems to be deepening with every passing month. in the School’s developing Those of you working in Africa may be particularly African Initiative. affected or concerned. This is one of the reasons why this issue focuses on Africa and the appointment 8 Raising the red lantern 13 of LSE’s first chair in African Development – Professor in Africa Thandika Mkandawire. Professor Mkandawire is a development economist Chris Alden explores the who has been director of the United Nations Research Institute for Social burgeoning relationship Development since 1998. On page 6 he talks to Professor Jo Beall about between China and Africa. the new chair and what it means for LSE and its engagement with Africa. 11 How does your In a further push for development economics, LSE has secured country grow? joint funding with Oxford University for the new LSE-Oxford Gobind Nankani explains International Growth Centre which will provide developing countries how the new LSE-Oxford with practical help to support growth and development. Dr International Growth Centre Gobind Nankani has been appointed as its first executive director is offering practical help to following a distinguished career as a development economist, developing countries facing 19 and on page 11 he sets out the goals of the new centre. extreme poverty. LSE itself is well positioned to survive the recession, as Howard Davies explains on page 13. Further, the School’s international reputation was 13 Surviving the crunch 24 Romance or reason? boosted by its outstanding performance in the 2008 Research Assessment Howard Davies considers Richard Bronk and Jon Exercise carried out jointly by the four funding councils for higher education what the recession means Adams debate the place of in the UK. LSE achieved the highest percentage of world-leading for LSE and its newest, literature in the social sciences. research of any UK university, topping or coming close to the top of a job-hunting graduates. number of rankings of research excellence. Full details are on page 4. 14 Finance, failure Regulars Our next issue will be in six months time when the impact of the and fairness recession will be clearer still. We hope to bring you a redesigned LSE The recent failure of the global 4 Headline news Magazine, with wider pages and a clearer format. In the meantime, we financial system points to would welcome short submissions (250 words) from alumni on how the profound faults in our system 26 Letters financial crisis has affected them – whether at home or at work. Have of global governance. 27 Rodent’s rambles you lost your job, failed to secure a job or had to battle with policies David Held and Kevin Young to mitigate the crisis? Whatever the impact,we explore the options for reform. 28 Supporting LSE would be interested in hearing from you 30 LSE news (submissions to [email protected]). 16 A world of difference The world has invested an 34 Research update Claire Sanders enormous amount of hope in President Obama. But, 35 Alumni news asks Michael Cox, will we 36 Spotlight on groups really see much change in US 8 foreign policy? 38 Events and reunions COVER PHOTO: CRISTIANO GALBIATI/SXC 19 A line in the sand 39 Where are they now? LSE Magazine is published twice a year by the Press and Information Office at LSE is training Libya’s new the London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton Street, London 40 Rapid resumé WC2A 2AE. Tel: +44 (0)20 7955 7060. Fax: +44 (0)20 7852 3658. Email: [email protected] civil servants to carry forward Commissioning Editor Claire Sanders the country’s reforming Production Editor Fiona Whiteman 41 Around the groups Alumni News Editor Nat Holtham agenda. Francis Terry Art and Design Editor Claire Harrison Assistant Art and Design Editor Ailsa Drake describes the challenges. 44 Obituaries Photography (unless stated) Nigel Stead Editorial Assistants Deirdre French, Toni Sym Printed by: Warners 21 Young lives online 46 Books Published by The London School of Economics and Political Science (‘LSE’), Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE. LSE is a School of the University of London. It is a Charity and is incorporated in England as a company limited by guarantee under the Companies Acts (Reg number 70527). Sonia Livingstone reports Copyright in editorial matter and in the Magazine as a whole belongs to LSE ©2009. Copyright in individual articles belongs to the on the latest findings of a LSE Magazine online authors who have asserted their moral rights ©2009. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any major project charting the LSE Magazine is available online means without the prior permission in writing of the publisher, nor be issued to the public or circulated in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published. changes in children’s internet at www.lse.ac.uk/lsemagazine. Requests for permission to reproduce any article or part of the Magazine should be sent to the editor at the above address. use throughout Europe. In the interests of providing a free flow of debate, views expressed in this Magazine are not necessarily those of the editor, The link enables readers to have LSE alumni or LSE. an electronic archive of features as Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of material published in this Magazine, LSE accepts no responsibility for the veracity of claims or accuracy of information provided by contributors. 23 Making history well as quick links to alumni news, Freedom of thought and expression is essential to the pursuit, advancement and dissemination of knowledge. LSE seeks to ensure that Alumna Lindsey Hall delves intellectual freedom and freedom of expression within the law is secured for all our members and those we invite to the School. groups and events, plus advertising Printed on into the School’s archives. and contact information. recycled paper I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 3 Headline news

Research quality? Simply outstanding …but excellence is not always LSE’s status as a university which produces world-leading research was emphatically confirmed in the new Research Assessment Exercise (RAE). rewarded Despite the excellence of LSE’s research, there was a LSE’s Economics department was sting in the tail when future ranked the best in the country, funding was unveiled by the whether by grade point average UK government in March. or by the percentage of research receiving the top 4* grade, with Research funding for LSE was 60 per cent of research activity cut by more than 13 per cent considered world-leading and a (£2.5 million a year), compared further 35 per cent considered to an average increase across internationally excellent. higher education of almost eight per cent. Law also tops national tables, LSE is a victim of a funding whether ranked by grade point formula which protects STEM average or by the percentage subjects (science, technology, of research receiving the top engineering and mathematics) 4* grade, with 45 per cent of its at the expense of social research ranked world-leading sciences, arts and humanities. and 75 per cent world-leading or internationally excellent. In a statement, the School said it was extremely Social Policy leads the field disappointed with the nationally, whether ranked by outcome and added: ‘This grade point average or by the result means that LSE will percentage of research receiving be increasingly reliant on the top 4* grade, with 50 per alternative (government cent of its research recognised as In this exercise a panel of experts second among UK universities, and non-government) world-leading, and 100 per cent scrutinises, subject by subject, the using a grade point average, is funding sources to quality of the articles, books and impressive testament to the ranked at international level. sustain its international other research projects published genuinely world class research Anthropology has the highest research reputation.’ by academics at UK universities. that goes on here – and we percentage of world-leading And the verdict on LSE (delivered in have the highest percentage of research of any UK anthropology December) was simply outstanding 4*, or world-leading, research department (40 per cent), and is – showing that it has the highest of any UK institution.’ also equal second when ranked by percentage of world-leading Individual subject areas at LSE also grade point average. research of any university in the head national tables of excellence. European Studies is first in the country, topping or coming close to LSE comes top nationally by country when ranked by grade the top of a number of rankings. grade point average in Economics, point average, with 65 per cent of LSE is: Law, Social Policy and European its research judged world-leading Studies, with Anthropology coming or internationally excellent. • equal second in the UK when second. If results are analysed by the universities are ranked using percentage of research receiving a 4* Using various ranking schemes, a grade point average of their grade, Anthropology comes top. LSE has calculated which research strengths universities are in the top five in the ‘We are a smaller, specialist university UK for research excellence. The • first when universities are ranked that has delivered outstanding same five institutions occupy the according to the percentage of results,’ said Professor Sarah their research receiving the top top five places, whether ranked by Worthington, pro director for 4* (world-leading) grade institutional GPA, percentage of 4* research and external relations. research or percentage of 4* and • fourth when universities are ‘Two-thirds of our staff work in LSE 3* research. ranked according to the departments ranked in the top five percentage of their research in the country, and 36 per cent work For more information about LSE’s performance in RAE receiving either 4* or 3* in departments ranked first in the 2008, including a breakdown (internationally excellent) grades country. Students choosing to study by subject, visit www2.lse. LSE submitted more than 90 per at LSE know they will be taught by ac.uk/researchAndExpertise/ cent of eligible staff for assessment. outstanding academics.’ RAE2008/home.aspx Howard Davies, director of LSE, It was the first RAE since 2001, said: ‘I’m thrilled with our strong carried out by the four UK higher showing. To be ranked equal education funding councils.

4 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I 2 1

3 4

Many eminent speakers have visited the school recently

1 Dmitry Medvedev, president of Russia, 4 Hazel Blears MP, UK secretary of state for discussed the G20 Summit and Russia’s communities and local government, discussed international relations. the topic ‘Many Voices: understanding the 2 Dr Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, president debate about preventing violent extremism’. of Indonesia, gave a lecture entitled ‘Indonesia: 5 Donald Tsang, chief executive of Hong global reach, regional role’. Kong, spoke about what the future holds for 3 Dr Ben Bernanke, chairman of the US Hong Kong. Federal Reserve, looked at policy responses to the financial crisis.

5 An increasing number of podcasts and videos of public events are available. See www.lse.ac.uk/events I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 5 Africa on the march

Professor Jo Beall Jo Beall is professor of development studies. Between 2004 and 2007 she was director of DESTIN, the Development Studies Institute within LSE. She is on leave of absence from LSE and is currently at the University of Cape Town. Professor Beall previously taught at University College London and University of Natal (now KwaZulu-Natal) in South Africa where she holds an honorary professorship. A political sociologist, her teaching is focused on development policy and management, local governance and the In September of this year Thandika Mkandawire will become the social dimensions of development. Research interests include urban development first holder of LSE’s new chair in African Development. It was a proud and local governance, particularly in moment for Jo Beall, who has worked tirelessly to help establish war torn cities and ‘fragile’ states. the chair. She has recently left LSE on leave of absence to take up Professor Thandika Mkandawire a deputy vice chancellorship at the University of Cape Town where Thandika Mkandawire one of her responsibilities will be internationalisation. When their paths holds LSE’s first chair in crossed in March the two academics took the opportunity to discuss African Development. the new post – and what it means for LSE. A Swedish national of Malawian origin, he was director of the United Nations Research Institute Jo Beall: One of the most extraordinary moments conscious of the need to develop educational for Social Development (UNRISD) from 1998 in the history of LSE was when Nelson Mandela opportunities within Africa, in particular research to 2009. He is an economist with many years’ spoke here in 2000. He gave a powerful address, capacity. There is a vibrant but underfunded experience in the promotion of comparative in which he recognised the pivotal connections community of African scholars whose work needs research on development issues. He between LSE and Africa and the potential to build both supporting and disseminating more widely studied economics at Ohio State University upon these to help forge an African renaissance – and this is something I hope to help facilitate and the University of Stockholm and has taught at the Universities of Stockholm one built upon education. You are someone who through this new chair. and Zimbabwe. He holds a Doctorate in has long championed the cause of education in It is early days but the chair should create the Letters from Rhodes University. From 1986 Africa – what attracted you to LSE at this point opportunity for more post-doctoral and lecture- to 1996, he was executive secretary of in time? ship posts for African scholars in Africa, visiting the Council for the Development of Social scholar fellowships at LSE and a greater range of Thandika Mkandawire: Since 1998 I have been Science Research in Africa (CODESRIA) postgraduate scholarships, research collaboration director of the United Nations Research Institute based in Dakar, Senegal. Prior to taking and summer schools in both. There is a great deal for Social Development and from 1986 to 1996 up his appointment with UNRISD, he was of goodwill in LSE towards Africa and many exist- I was executive secretary of the Council for the a senior research fellow at the Centre for ing research projects across the School. I hope to Development of Social Science Research in Africa Development Research in Copenhagen. harness that goodwill, expertise and potential to (CODESRIA). In both of these posts I was acutely the benefit of both African academics and LSE. 6 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I JB: Why do you think African research has not been sufficiently disseminated? ‘There is a great deal of goodwill in LSE towards

TM: To my mind there is a big hole in our Africa. I hope to harness that goodwill, expertise knowledge of Africa, one that African scholars are and potential’ seeking to fill. But conditions have been extraordi- narily difficult. Universities have not been sufficiently funded, or indeed valued. In part this reflected the desire to support primary school education – to saw poverty and inequality continue to grow. Poverty and around the world to increase the visibility of focus funding on the youngest and poorest – but it alleviation currently occupies a central place on the Africa within teaching and research across the also reflected a lack of confidence during the 1990s development agenda. But we must guard against social sciences and within the global political and in the power of the state to bring about change. a single-minded focus on poverty reduction at the policy arenas. The extraordinary impact of the credit crunch, expense of a serious consideration of income dis- the questioning of market values and new cham- tribution and social equity. JB: I am conscious that since the Rwanda Climate pioning of Keynesian economics, makes it easy In another significant reversal of previous poli- Change Forum organised by LSE in September to forget how dominant neoliberal orthodoxy has cies, there is now a much more important role 2008, there has been growing interest and been for the last two to three decades and how for the state. But this concession comes after excitement around the possibilities of LSE and it permeated the policies of international develop- years during which there has been a devastating Africa. These have come from the academic ment agencies and finance institutions. weakening of state capacity. There is therefore a community, from LSE governors, alumni and other During this time many African countries have danger that states in parts of the developing world individuals, and from corporate and Foundation had to implement economic policies designed will now be expected to do too much too quickly. partners. The School’s African Initiative, with specifically to weaken national development strat- Finally, recent years have witnessed attempts to the appointment of you as chair, can now gain n egies. This has been to the detriment of African rethink global governance and to create a more stable momentum. I wish you well. universities and scholars. international economic environment. In most cases, The conversation between Professor Jo Beall and however, this seems a patchwork affair. Suggestions Professor Thandika Mkandawire was summarised JB: Throughout this time you have worked as for remedial action are tacked on to a system that is by Claire Sanders. a development economist. During much of this not being fundamentally analysed or challenged. If period it seems to me that development economics real progress is to be made, questions of distributive has been portrayed as an unfashionable pursuit. justice and social policy must become an integral Do you share that view? part of the debate on development – not simply an TM: I certainly do. For two decades, starting add-on to be considered when existing economic from the mid-1970s, the status of development policies prove inadequate. economics in both academia and policy circles JB: The new chair has been placed in DESTIN, was not enviable. I have researched and written Claire Sanders the Development Studies Institute within LSE. is head of communications at LSE and commissioning extensively on this subject and one only has to look How significant is that for you? editor, LSE Magazine. at the titles of some of the articles published in the late 1970s and 1980s to appreciate that all was not TM: Because the chair is in DESTIN, the holder is well. To name but a few: Dudley Seers’ ‘The birth, in a strong position to work with partners in Africa life and death of “development economics”’, Albert Hirschmann’s ‘The rise and decline of development economics’ and Deepak Lal’s ‘The poverty of development economics’. During this time the discipline of development economics was hounded out of economics depart- ments, development finance institutions and jour- nals. Pioneers were forced into a defensive posture LSE African Initiative as they fended off accusations of providing the The chair in African Development will play an integral intellectual scaffolding for dirigisme and for policy role in the School’s developing LSE African Initiative. strategies which had failed, as well as being char- This is an exciting collaborative endeavour with partners acterised as downplaying the role of the market. in Africa and around the world, which will engage JB: You have certainly written very eloquently on this with African institutions and scholars collectively to subject, and have talked of the ‘Spartan certainty’ develop connections, encourage accessibility and of the ascendant neoliberalism leaving no room promote international knowledge exchange. for the specialised knowledge of the problems of The African Initiative will encompass summer development. Are you more optimistic today? schools, scholarships, a multi-layered research programme and a series of events at LSE and in TM: I am. Long before the recent credit crunch, Africa. This long-term collaboration will inspire neoliberalism was on the wane and widely and support generations of students and scholars contested. The collapse of important Asian who will themselves effect global change. economies in 1997 dealt a serious blow to those who believed uncritically in rapid and unfettered To find out more, please contact Felicity Jones financial liberalisation. at [email protected] or +44 (0)20 955 7361. But we must not underestimate the problems we now face. Tragically, the years of neoliberal triumphalism I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 7 Raising the red lantern

Later this year African and Chinese leaders will gather in Egypt for the fourth China-Africa summit. The previous one, in 2006, paved the way for China to become Africa’s largest single trading partner by 2010. Chris Alden sets the scene for the next summit and explores how this burgeoning relationship will fare in more turbulent times.

hree years ago the Chinese embraced the Africa’s traditional ties with the international first China-Africa summit with unbridled community. Beijing’s economic activism has been T enthusiasm. The streets of Beijing were mirrored by the deliberate shedding of its traditional festooned with posters of giraffes and elephants temerity in foreign policy towards the region. It has as 48 African leaders descended on the city. Within boldly stepped out of the international shadows to two days the Chinese government had committed take a constructive stance in UN peacekeeping; in itself to US$5 billion in loans and credits. exercising quiet influence in the Darfur crisis and, Although the China-Africa summit this winter through the diplomatic triumph of the China-Africa will take place in a very different financial climate, Summit in 2006, it has laid a solid foundation for it still holds true that nowhere is China’s rapid rise claiming the position as Africa’s closest ally. to power more evident than in Africa. And no The past, however, is prologue and for authorities in relationship is more closely scrutinised for what Beijing the global economic meltdown poses serious it says about the new face of China – and Africa. challenges for the consolidation of these gains. When critics characterise China’s engagement in With commodity prices falling, puncturing the Africa as nothing other than a scramble for resources economic confidence that was just gathering that disguises a more nefarious agenda, Beijing momentum in Africa, the costs to African development counters with the fact that its relationship with Africa ambitions are palpable. While the economic incentives is bound by a common historical experience and for Chinese involvement remain, this situation comes a set of mutual interests as developing regions. at a point when China is recognising for the first time It is an argument meant to assure Africans that the political risks of its broader exposure to the African deepening economic engagement will not devolve environment. In the energy sector, its oil interests in into Western style neo-colonialism. Sudan are threatened not by Darfur but by disturbing China’s urgent desire to distance itself from undercurrents suggesting the possible renewal of Western approaches and from charges of conflict between north and south. imperialism is not only significant for Africa but There is also the emergence of debate in Africa, also for wider claims that Beijing makes about the echoed in if not fuelled by Western circles, as to unique features of its global rise. whether China is a new imperialist power on the In a decade that has seen Chinese-African trade continent. Proponents of this view focus on three and investment soar to unprecedented levels, with dimensions of the relationship, one primarily economic multi-billion dollar investments in oil and minerals, in nature, a second political, and a third related to China’s economic and political reach is redefining (depending on one’s view) either misperceptions and 8 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I © GETTY IMAGES

Beijing, China: A paramilitary policeman patrols in front of a billboard promoting the 2006 Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation

xenophobia or deeper social challenges posed by as pariahs, to opt out of the complexities that ‘Nowhere is China’s growing presence in Africa. this introduces to their respective economic In South Africa, Nigeria, Botswana, Mozambique and political programmes. China’s rapid rise to and other states, African voices from primarily local The last concern, murmured more than power more evident business and trade unions are raising the alarm as to directly articulated, is that the growing the dire impact they have felt from Chinese imports physical presence of Chinese in Africa is than in Africa’ and businesses. Indeed, within the most important merely a prelude to widespread immigration. diplomatic and trade relationship, China and South This is a contemporary version of what used Africa, this concern has led to a reconsideration of to be called the ‘yellow peril’ and is based on whether to embark upon Free Trade Agreements a fear that Chinese numbers, industriousness with China. Reflecting this new wariness, Adebayo and ingenuity will swamp Africa. The Sudanese Adedji, the former head of the Economic Commission government, for example, despite its close ties for Africa, has noted that the trade links with to Beijing, has expressed concern at the failure Asian economies, where Africa supplies primary of thousands of Chinese labourers to renew commodities and Asia supplies manufactured goods, their work permits and has jointly set up with the merely replicate the structural inequities found with Chinese embassy a bureau devoted to handling traditional Western trading partners. this problem. A second array of concerns surrounds the ‘no In Nigeria, though much is made of the targeting of political strings’ approach that has accompanied, or Chinese oil workers in the Delta, the more disturbing indeed has facilitated, China’s breaking into African dimension is how the election of Umaru Yar’Adua markets. The norms and values articulated as part inspired a review of existing agreements with Beijing. of the NEPAD (the New Partnership for Africa’s Though opposition candidate Michael Sata moderated Development) agenda, and incorporated in the African his xenophobic rhetoric in his (unsuccessful) 2008 Union’s founding constitution, support accountability, election campaign, the damage to China’s standing human rights and democratic practice. They are within Zambia may be harder to undo. Recalcitrant crucially dependent on Africans – in partnership with behaviour of its alleged allies in Khartoum and Harare Western states, non-governmental organisations seems to suggest the limits of Chinese influence (NGOs) and co-operating multinational corporations and with it the soft power that Beijing claims to be – implementing them through a range of incentives. the basis of its actions. And, behind all of this is the The Beijing Consensus challenges this formula and violence and instability that is once again engulfing may embolden states, even those not recognised I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 9 Raising the red lantern in Africa

eastern Congo, a country that China has enormous imperialism’s salvation merchants, for whom the loss financial stakes in. of influence over African lives is deeply troubling. More than anything, it is the rise of China that has Will the newly acquired economic prowess of Asia introduced new dimensions into relations between and its accompanying political dimensions result in a the two regions and that is itself indicative of a funda- kind of proxy conflict in Africa, echoing the European mental change in the pattern of international relations. conflicts of the 19th and 20th centuries? There are Linking the foreign policies of all of the major Asia signs that this could be the case, for example, the stiff ‘The most significant powers – Japan, India and China – is an explicit competition between Japanese, Chinese and Indian outcome of the African- commitment to multilateralism as well as an insa- companies for commercial rights to oil in Sudan and tiable drive for resources to fuel the industrialisation Angola. Does this indeed mean that Western interests Asian relationship is that has sustained their rapid economic growth. are in decline in Africa? Possibly, but the selective The quiet diplomacy of Japan is in contrast to the engagement of the United States and the residual the beginning of ‘an exuberance with which China has proclaimed its presence of European interests will remain a feature of Africa without Europe’ ’ interests and to the flourishing presence of Indian external relations for African states. The much vaunted trade and settlement on the continent. For all three, ‘Pacific Century’ is at last upon us and it is in Africa, Africa represents a place where their global ambitions the once forgotten continent, that the dynamics of can be given expression at the same time as their Asia’s rise may be seen most clearly. economic needs are being fulfilled. For China-Africa relations, the current global Africans, as agents of their own destiny to an economic crisis is a tipping point every bit as extent not seen before, are increasingly deciding important as the financial crisis was to Southeast the shape that relations with Asian states will take Asia in 1997. At a time when Western investors rather than allowing these to be experienced and are effectively prostrate, maintaining the solid track understood through Western eyes. Relations with record of investment in key sectors and expanding China certainly provide an attractive alternative to support for African development can definitively African governments weary of Western interference transform China’s ties with Africa, and as it did and conditionalities. The wholesale adoption of such amongst sceptics within the developing countries a position would spell an end to the universalistic of Southeast Asia, can consolidate its standing ambitions contained within the post Cold War within the continent and beyond. China has raised project of challenging the prerogatives of sovereignty the red lantern over Africa and now, to realise its through recourse to humanitarianism. promise of partnership, it must act decisively. n

The most significant outcome of the African-Asian A version of this article appeared in This is Africa, a new magazine relationship is the beginning of ‘an Africa without from the Financial Times Ltd. Europe’ as a cardinal point of reference for the continent’s international relations. With the age of imperialism well and truly gone, a new set of relations can take hold and a new order is emerging in which Europe and the United States are merely bystanders. This impotence is felt perhaps most acutely by Western Dr Chris Alden NGOs, in some ways the contemporary version of is a reader in international relations at LSE. He is author of China in Africa (Zed 2007) and co-editor of China Returns to Africa (Hurst 2008). SUMMER

LSE-PKU SCHOOL09 The London School of Economics and Political Science – Peking University

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All courses taught in English by outstanding faculty from LSE and Peking University. Email [email protected] or [email protected] www.lse.ac.uk/collections/LSEPKUProgramme HOW DOES YOUR COUNTRY GROW?

As the financial crisis deepens, s a young boy growing up in Ghana and a further 90 million people may India, Gobind Nankani ignored his father’s A advice to follow him into business and be forced into extreme poverty. became determined instead to pursue a career The LSE-Oxford International that might improve the lives of people in the world’s poorest countries. Growth Centre will provide ‘My father was in business and hoped that I would developing countries with do the same, but it just didn’t resonate with me,’ practical help to support growth said Dr Nankani, the executive director of the new LSE-Oxford International Growth Centre (IGC). and cope with the economic ‘Being born in Ghana and then going to high downturn. Gobind Nankani, school in India, I felt that it was important to do its executive director, talks something to help with the general problem of to Joanna Bale about this poverty that one saw around oneself all the time. I was very taken by the fact that some countries unique resource. seemed to do better than others and wondered if there was any way that I could contribute to IGC executive director Gobind Nankani solving the problem.’ president, LSE alumnus John Atta Mills (LLM During a distinguished career as a development 1968), earlier this year. economist, Dr Nankani has served as the World ‘We have strong interest from Tanzania and Bank’s vice-president for Africa and vice- Ghana, and Ethiopia also looks likely. We have also president of its Poverty Reduction and Economic had expressions of interest from Mozambique and Management Network. In this last assignment, he Rwanda, as well as Pakistan and other countries directed a major study on the lessons of growth in in South Asia,’ explained Dr Nankani. the 1990s. Before joining the IGC, he was president ‘We aim to match the best people to specific of the Global Development Network. problems. The IGC is really the nucleus of a The IGC, based at LSE, will make some of virtual international growth network with a wide the world’s leading economists available to the range of major partnerships, including the Global governments of developing countries, leveraging Development Network and its many regional frontier research into concrete policies to promote partners, BRAC which is Bangladesh-based, and sustain growth. These include Nicholas Stern, CEPR, the University of Chicago business school, Robin Burgess and Tim Besley from LSE, Paul J-PAL, and MIT.’ Collier and Stefan Dercon from Oxford, Chang- One of the most important and unique aspects Tai Hsieh from the University of Chicago, Nobel of the work of the IGC is that it will be demand laureate Mike Spence from Stanford and, from driven, he explained. ‘We really see ourselves as Harvard, Philippe Aghion and the former chief responding to country demand. We will engage economist of the International Monetary Fund, the country and acknowledge the priorities that we Kenneth Rogoff. should work on according to how the governments Financed with £30 million from the Department and other stakeholders view their challenges. Many for International Development (DFID), its initial countries think that external agencies or partners phase will last three years, with a view to extending sometimes have areas of research or policy that it to ten years. they attach their support or lending to. In this case Ghana and Tanzania have so far been selected we are not lending, we don’t have conditions, all for help and Dr Nankani visited Ghana’s new we have to offer is expertise. t I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 11 How does your country grow?

‘A consortium and its location in two of the top uni- versities in the country, as well as the networking relationship, allows us to be independent. We aim to undertake work and offer policy advice based on knowledge, as opposed to any preconception that some things work better than others. ‘Running right through this is that we see this as a partnership between the international growth network and in-country stakeholders, particularly researchers and policy makers, but also others like NGOs and the private sector. This in-country partnership offers something that countries have very warmly welcomed.’

A resident team will collaborate with an international PICTURES © AUBREY WADE/PANOS team to carry out long-term research to establish Ghana: a farmer in the Kuapa Kokoo cocoa cooperative cuts cocoa pods from the trees on his farm. what needs to be done to boost growth. For each The cooperative owns 45 per cent of the London based fair trade company Divine Chocolate Ltd country selected there will be a country director, who could be anywhere in the world, and a resident poverty reduction, so they would like to know if there Oxford because it’s a major commitment of support country director. Together they will help identify the are things they haven’t done in agriculture that they for a research and policy programme which could questions and manage the research and the policy ought to be doing.’ extend to ten years. And direct involvement in support that the country needs. There will also be a In both countries there’s a strong mining sector other countries is an exciting innovation for LSE. third person, a lead academic, who will be the focal and, in the case of Ghana, an oil discovery has been The core group associated with the bid, including point of ensuring that the research that is done meets made and oil revenues are likely to be flowing about Tim Besley, Robin Burgess and Paul Collier, are the needs of the country. 18 months from now, he added. ‘Both countries have especially to be congratulated.’ Dr Nankani explained: ‘A lot of policy advice exhaustible resources and they would like support in To measure progress there will be an Evaluation is often based on useful policy experience, but defining how best to use those resources. In general Committee of four eminent academics with extensive we want to be sure that we can back our advice all natural resources pose a set of challenges and they policy experience: Elhanan Helpman and Kenneth with research findings and also undertake new want to make sure these end up being a blessing Rogoff from Harvard, Simon Johnson from MIT and research, which will enhance the knowledge base and not a curse.’ Michael Spence, Nobel laureate and chair of the of our policy advice. That’s why our engagement Improving access to education is also recognised Commission on Growth and Development. will not be of a short-term nature. We will work by both countries as an important way of lifting Dr Nankani admits that it will be a challenge to with about 15 countries over a three-year period, people out of poverty, he said. ‘In both countries gauge how the IGC is making a difference. ‘We and we intend to stay with them for a longer primary enrolment has grown tremendously in the are identifying what key performance indicators period subject to finance being available to stay last decade. The question is what will it take to give we should be using. Certainly I think demand from the course.’ a big spurt to enrolment in secondary education countries is important. If demand is sustained, that In Ghana and Tanzania, both governments have and what kind of focus should that education tells us something. We will obviously be looking defined the priorities for which they would like have. There are also questions about the role of at progress that countries are making, but it is so support. ‘Both countries are concerned about dealing higher education.’ difficult to attribute that to any single factor, so I with the financial crisis, the strong macroeconomic The IGC will recruit resident country directors and think one just has to be modest and say: if you shock they are experiencing. So top of their agenda researchers in each country from think tanks and are associated with a country that is doing well or is how to deal with that crisis while not deflecting the universities, Dr Nankani explained. ‘The resident is doing better than it otherwise could have done, progress they have made in the last six years on country directors will be highly respected for their maybe you have had something to do with it. growth and on social development. They are also policy and research sense. Typically, they will be ‘We will also be looking at evaluations of the quality wondering how they can do better in agriculture. heads of think tanks or lead academics at universities of policy advice that we have given and evaluating They believe that agricultural productivity growth who have had policy experience in the past. They will the quality and relevance of the research that is has been low and as agriculture provides a very then recruit other economists and political scientists, being sponsored by IGC. At the end of the day, we important basis for promoting income growth and depending on the skills they need to address the want to be associated with improvements in the identified priority problems – we are not restricted lives of the people in the countries we work with ‘At the end of the day, we only to economists. and we will just have to find ways of tracking those ‘The role of political scientists and social without being so naïve as to attribute all progress want to be associated scientists is an important one. We don’t believe to our involvement. It’s a mix of quantitative and with improvements in the the problem is that governments know what to subjective judgments. However it turns out, we see lives of the people in the do and just need a technical fix. We think that ourselves, at best, making a modest contribution to the political and social dimensions also need to an effort that undoubtedly has to be country-led and countries we work with’ be understood and be factored into identifying country-driven.’ n policy options for countries.’ Winning the IGC contract from DFID is a major achievement for LSE and Oxford, explained Dr Nankani. ‘All the recent literature on growth and development has stressed the importance of country specificity, country context and leadership. So when DFID put out a call, there was a lot of interest from many universities to take on this Joanna Bale challenge. It’s a great achievement for LSE and is a senior press officer at LSE. 12 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I Surviving the crunch

Tough times ahead, but it’s not all bad news for the School and example. The United Nations and its various agencies always feature in our top ten employers, but there its newest graduates, writes Howard Davies. are other public and third sector bodies which are now recruiting here, who would not have done so before. The Australian treasurer, Wayne Swan, also hese days everyone is affected by the of 25 per cent or so. It is difficult to disentangle the came to speak at the School in March and asked recession in some way and LSE is no respective effects of these two factors but I am sure to see the Australian students afterwards. He took T exception. that both are relevant. that opportunity to make a strong pitch to them to As you may have seen, a number of universities But we are likely to be affected by the recession consider working for the Australian government, and in the US are having to make significant cuts to in other ways. It may be that some of this increased specifically for the Treasury. their expenditure and staffing. In some cases demand does not translate into students turning up, The net result is that, perhaps surprisingly, we that is because of tighter public budgets as state as finance will be more difficult to secure. Student have as many jobs listed on our Careers Service governments cut back on higher education, but in loans are much harder to get these days. Demand for site now as we did 12 months ago. It may be that, others because the returns on their large endowments executive education has levelled, and it is more difficult on average, the starting salaries will be rather lower. have fallen sharply. The first problem is affecting us to let residence rooms in the vacation. Fundraising But the variety is greater, so our talented young – we have recently been told of forthcoming cuts in will clearly be a challenge in the recession, especially people will be going into a broader set of jobs next government grants. The second is a problem the as we have had a lot of support from people in the year. Maybe, though the people concerned might LSE unfortunately does not yet have! So we are financial sector recently. They are not quite as flush not see it this way immediately, it will not be a bad not as badly affected as some of our competitors, with spare cash as they used to be. thing for society if our ambitious young men and at least so far. Perhaps most importantly, students here in the women shake up government service around the Indeed, for the moment, student demand for School are anxious about their job prospects. In the globe. This could be a positive side effect of the places here is on the rise. Undergraduate applications last few years, fully 30 per cent of the graduating downturn. In any event, it is the best I can do to are up five per cent or so, and for postgraduate taught class has gone into the financial sector, many of find a silver lining to the very dark clouds which courses we have seen a leap in demand by over them into well paid positions in investment banking, hover over us. n 15 per cent year on year. We think two factors are hedge funds or private equity. Financial firms are at work. First, the recession itself, which has made still hiring. Vikram Pandit of Citibank came to speak job hunting more difficult and caused many young here in March and met 30 or so new recruits from people to think that they might sit out the next year the School. But some previously large recruiters or so and improve their CV with an additional degree. like Lehman Brothers have disappeared and others That is a general trend internationally. But there is are cutting back sharply on the numbers they hire. a second factor in the UK: the sharp decline in the So we are advising our graduating classes to value of sterling. In effect, for students from dollar look more broadly for opportunities. There are a Howard Davies or euro based economies we have had a price cut growing number of jobs in the public sector, for is director of LSE. I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 13 Finance, failure and fairness

Complex global processes connect the fate of communities across the world. Yet the problem solving capacity of the existing system of global institutions is ineffective, unaccountable and slow – as the financial crisis has illustrated.David Held and Kevin Young offer some pointers.

‘Despite minor reforms, t its core the recent failure of the global fi- instability, the need to better balance the two worlds nancial system reflects profound faults in of financial globalisation – private financial activity on the IMF remains Aour system of global governance. There has the one hand, and public financial governance on been no clear division of labour among the myriad of the other – has become increasingly apparent. The locked into a system international institutions that have sought to address globalisation of financial markets has integrated the that encourages the crisis: their functions have often overlapped, their global economy in unprecedented ways, and yet mandates have conflicted and their objectives have the rules and institutions that monitor and regulate strong US dominance too often blurred. Attempts to tackle the crisis have financial market activity have not kept pace. been dogged by competition between states – lead- The existing system of global financial govern- of the institution’ ing to a dissonant response. ance has, to be sure, some successes to its name. Equally damaging, the existing system of global Punctuated periods of international financial stabil- governance suffers from severe deficits of account- ity in the past have produced political demand for, ability and inclusion, particularly in relation to how and modest deliverance of, coordination between less economically powerful states, and hence their financial authorities. Like well known institutions such entire populations, are marginalised or excluded from as the World Bank and the International Monetary decision making. This distortion is reflected in the Fund (IMF), the Bank for International Settlements impact of the financial crisis. While those in the rich has been transformed over the decades to meet a developed world are bombarded daily with news of variety of global public policy challenges, as have the the breadth and depth of the economic slowdown, other institutions of global financial governance – the less prominent in the headlines are the effects of Financial Action Task Force, the Basel Committee on the crisis on the most vulnerable populations of the Banking Supervision, the International Organisation world. The World Bank has recently estimated that as of Securities and Exchange Commissions, and the many as 90 million people will be trapped in extreme Financial Stability Forum. Together these institutions poverty in 2009 as the result of the global financial have in some respects imposed limits on financial crisis, and the number of chronically hungry people regulatory competition among states, provided emer- gency liquidity and coordinated monetary policies is expected to climb to over one billion. upon occasion, combated money laundering, and As the existing system has proved largely inad- strengthened multilateral institutional capacity to equate to predict, moderate, or contain financial react when problems arise. Yet the failures of this system are even more striking. First, the existing system is predominantly composed of institutions which developed in response to specific problems that arose over the last three decades and have transformed themselves since then to broader purposes. Subsequently, while these institutions can work together on occa- sion, there is no clearly defined division of labour between them. Further, fragmentation and compe- tition between states has led to global challenges being addressed in partial and even erratic ways. Even when systemic problems have been identified, proportionate action has not been taken. For example, in 2007 the Bank for International Settlements recognised sever- al structural problems with the interna- tional financial system, but this recognition remained at the level of research and observation, rather than action. In March governance, and in the time ahead many further When the costs of financial crisis are distributed so technical proposals and visions of reformed functions widely, what incentive does an ‘in group’ of governing will be proposed. Haunting any process of institutional institutions have to reform its practices? design, however, is the spectre of governance. To Over the last few months many world leaders have Finance, failure and fairness be effective, any new institutional arrangement has called for substantial reforms the likes of which until to have power – and where there is power there is recently only a handful of academics and activists were always the possibility for conflict, which can in turn advocating. If any of these reform proposals are to be undermine effectiveness. implemented, one element will be crucial: expanding 2008, the Rome meeting of the Financial Stability With this in mind, proposals in the months ahead institutional capacity. The existing institutions of global Forum and its subsequent recommendations deliv- should be guided by the notion that participa- financial governance each have significant resources ered to the G7 finance ministers and Central Bank tory reform can help to underwrite effectiveness. and expertise which could be called upon to address governors the following month identified a number Participatory reform within the existing institutions of the diverse demands of the G20 summit and beyond. of key weaknesses underlying the financial system, financial governance could give voice to states and Yet any reform agenda geared to balancing the two and recommended provisions for some substantive non-state actors that have a greater interest in protec- worlds of financial globalisation must simultaneously reforms. The Forum ambitiously drew up provisions tion against systemic instability, rather than a stake in tackle the divide between the rich countries of the to strengthen prudential oversight of capital, liquidity risk taking through profitable financial instruments. In world that have dominated the existing system of glob- and risk management, enhance transparency and this way, instead of limiting participation according to al financial governance, and their developing country valuation methods, revise the role and uses of credit wealth, participation could be guided by a concept of a counterparts that have shared the costs, but have ratings, and strengthen state capacity to respond to global commons – not only a shared set of resources, had little hand in shaping it. Reforms to the system risks. While some of these provisions are currently but a shared community of fate, the very basis of of global financial governance in the years ahead will being taken seriously, it took the urgency of a deep- contemporary globalisation. As its normative core it have to build on institutions already in existence to a ening crisis to have the recommendations command could enshrine the principle of equivalence: that is, the significant extent. This is why participatory reform is so real attention and debate. principle that the span of a good’s benefits and costs vital at the moment. Longer term solutions for effective Compounding these deficiencies has been the should be matched with the span of the jurisdiction governance will require centralised coordination and fact that historically most institutions of financial in which decisions are taken about that good. At its authority, especially once financial markets experience governance have adopted an exclusionary model root, such a principle suggests that those who are a resurgence, and with it a re-strengthening of private to participation. Despite some recent minor reforms significantly affected by a global public good or bad financial power. n to its voting rules, the IMF has remained locked into a should have some say in its provision or regulation. system that encourages strong US dominance of the Such a principle of equivalence could be circum- institution. This does not only ensure that its policies scribed by a concept of the right to protection from reflect existing biases within US domestic politics at grievous harm. In this way, all-inclusiveness would any given time, but means that the Fund has often require deliberation and engagement in policies that been unable to secure sufficient sources of funding seriously affect life expectations and chances. to widen its capacity and scope. David Held Fuller participation of stakeholders is more than a is Graham Wallas Professor of Political Science and co-director The 2008 G20 summit in Washington DC saw an means to legitimacy. It can also help to underwrite of the Centre for the Study of Global Governance at LSE. unprecedented attempt to engage in participatory effectiveness. In areas of global governance that reform by admitting countries such as China and seek to protect or promote the provision of a global India into the Financial Stability Forum. More recently, public good – such as global financial stability and the Forum has expanded even more and has been soundness – there are inherent problems when that renamed the Financial Stability Board. Traditional public good is protected and managed by a minority outsiders like developing countries had to fight and of stakeholders. This is because in such cases a advocate for such changes, and they will have to do Kevin Young minority group does not suffer the full consequences more. The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision is a fellow in global politics in the Department of of its actions when it is ineffective in its governance. Government at LSE. has also been expanded, to include countries such as Australia, India, China, Brazil, South Korea and Russia. As the institution which designs the de facto banking regulatory standards for the world, its composition Country composition of the 100 largest banks in the world was beginning to look increasingly arbitrary, with Millions of US dollars, as of beginning of 2008 many countries without any formal representation in (Lighter shade indicates non-membership in the Basel Committee) the Basel Committee having a higher concentration 450,000 of capital in their banking systems than those within the Committee (see bar chart). These recent changes 400,000 to the Financial Stability Forum and to the Basel 350,000 Committee show that focused, critical public attention 300,000 can lead to progressive reform of global governance institutions. Yet broader questions of governance 250,000 remain, such as the transparency of decision making 200,000 and fuller participation of stakeholders. 150,000 If reform of the global financial architecture is ambi- tious enough to be truly effective, it will ultimately be 100,000 a highly politicised process. At the recent London 50,000

G20 summit, progress was made, but the detail of 0 many significant changes is yet to be worked through. Italy India Brazil Spain Japan China Russia Turkey France Ireland

Whether it will be remains to be seen. One of the Austria Canada Norway Sweden Belgium Australia Germany Denmark Singapore

greatest achievements has been to focus public atten- Switzerland Netherlands South Korea Source: The Banker, July 2008. The largest banks are ranked in terms Luxembourg of their total tier 1 capital, which has been aggregated by country United States

tion and to encourage thoughtful debate on financial United Kingdom I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 15 A world of difference…

When President Obama took office earlier this year he faced different ways. He was obviously the first president since 1932 to come into office in the midst of an one of the most difficult international situations of any incoming economic tsunami (little wonder he has been more president. Here Michael Cox analyses his foreign policy and often than not compared with Franklin Delano asks: is he really that different from George W Bush? Roosevelt). He was even more obviously the first black president, whose mother was white, who had spent a good deal of his early life outside mainland United States, and whose name – Barack Hussein n 15 September 2008 Lehman Brothers was the problem, McCain could hardly be seen Obama – speaks in itself of a dual heritage of which collapsed. Within days the global financial as credible in circumstances where even Bush he is obviously proud. He was also the first American Osystem moved from crisis to near collapse had been forced to nationalise a large chunk of president since Kennedy in 1960 whose election truly leading to a panic in the markets and to what in the mortgage industry while pumping billions of excited the rest of the world and in whom the world effect has now become the first great depression tax dollars into the US economy. For the first time has now obviously invested an enormous amount of the 21st century. Every cloud though has its in a long time, the republicans – who were neck of hope. Indeed, without even having fired a shot own silver lining. For the Democrats, the meltdown and neck with the Democrats until August – got it in friendship (or anger), Obama’s election has done made Barack Obama’s election on 4 November very badly wrong in the late fall of 2008. wonders for US standing globally. virtually inevitable. As a member of a party that The election of Barack Obama was a first in several Still, with over half a million Americans losing their had for 25 years been arguing that government 16 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I ‘He was the first American president since Kennedy in 1960 whose election truly excited the rest of the world and in whom the world has now invested an enormous amount of hope’

be less change in US foreign policy than many on But as the plain-speaking Biden reminded his this side of the Atlantic might have hoped for. European listeners, there is good news and there Take the dirty war better known as the ‘war on is bad news. And the bad news is quite bad. terror’. Certainly, Obama has promised to do away First, while the White House might talk multilateral- with torture and close down Guantanamo. He has ism and utter fine words about global co-economic also made plain that there is no inherent conflict cooperation, the Obama team has focused like that between US security needs and US democratic proverbial laser beam on the American economy values. However, he has not – at the time of writing rather than anybody else’s. Protectionist it is not. But – said anything about getting rid of extraordinary protectionist it could easily become if the recession rendition. Moreover, while his new foreign policy team continues and a Democratic-dominated Congress has stressed the centrality of ‘diplomacy’ in US foreign begins to scream loud enough. policy, it has not rejected force as a means of achieving Second, though America and Americans may US goals. Indeed, in Afghanistan and Pakistan Obama love NATO and feel a sense of cultural and political has effectively promised to escalate the war against solidarity with their various democratic cousins across what Vice President Biden termed in his February the pond, they still want to see more European speech in Munich, the ‘true irreconcilables’. bodies in the line of fire in Afghanistan. Indeed, it is Nor has the United States conceptually abandoned an open secret in Washington that the US military is unilateralism. As Biden carefully and quite deliberately fast losing patience with its friends; even those loyal told his German audience, the US will work alongside and now not-quite-so-special Brits, have come in friends and allies when it can. Furthermore, it will not for a fair share of American criticism of late following act pre-emptively. But as he went on to stress, if it their performances in Basra and Helmand province. has to, the US will go it alone – if it ‘must’. Obama Finally, there is the old – some would say new – has already shown what this might mean in practice. ‘Cold War’ problem of Russia. Obama may have For while Europeans fumed and protested on the pushed the ‘reset’ button on the US-Russian rela- sidelines as Gaza was blitzed, Bush, with Obama’s tionship in an attempt to develop some kind of new implicit support, did what the US will no doubt do deal with Moscow. Nonetheless, there remain some again and again in the Middle East in the coming deep underlying differences in approach between key years: ignore London, Berlin and Paris and act alone European countries – Germany, France and Italy in or in a coalition of the willing – with one other state, particular who talk cooperation, regional stability and

© MARK BRYAN MAKELA/CORBIS © MARK BRYAN Israel – and try and secure what it defines as peace gas pipelines – and a Washington who while willing to in the region. Iran and the EU please take note. talk, senses that Russia may now be a busted flush At the end of the day however Europeans in in an era of low oil prices. So far this difference in jobs every month, a world in economic disarray and particular seem to be less interested in these philosophy has not surfaced to divide the transatlantic several very dangerous problems facing the US from fine – though rather significant – details, and more relationship in any serious way. And it still may not. Afghanistan (where the NATO mission is in crisis) interested in the fact that George W Bush is no But it is yet another of those unexploded political to Iran (a state with nuclear ambitions and friend longer sitting in the White House. The sense of relief devices lying just under the surface of the road that of Hamas and Hezbollah), the situation confronting across Europe since 4 November 2008 has been could in time bring the European honeymoon with him could only be described as challenging. Indeed, palpable. No doubt the European political class Barack Obama to an unfortunate, and possibly tragic, given a whole host of other issues – building bridges has much to be relieved about. The new man in end, for both sides. n t to an alienated Muslim world, dealing with Chavez the White House is intelligent, articulate and even in Venezuela, maintaining a stable relationship with readable (his autobiography has sold very well on recession-hit China, and reassuring those sensitive, this side of the Atlantic). In addition simply by being complaining but in the end very useful Europeans that – well, Obama – he has made anti-Americanism America still considers them all to be ‘special’ – one in Europe intellectually unfashionable for the first might even call it critical. Little wonder that Richard time in a very long time. To cap it all, Barack will Holbrooke (the Balkans Bulldozer and now US Michael Cox have the very great pleasure of welcoming France is co-director of IDEAS: Diploma and Strategy at LSE special envoy to Afghanistan and Pakistan) described back into the military command of NATO later this and professor of international relations at LSE. Obama’s foreign policy agenda as being perhaps the year (though all the spade work for this began most problematic confronting any American president under Bush). Who knows? After the deal has since the end of World War II. been signed with ‘Sarko’, we may even hear of If we know what he faces, can we reliably predict Carla Bruni and Michelle Obama sharing a glass what he might do? And how might this impact on or two of good Burgundy late into the small hours, Europe? To answer this we need to beware change while earnestly talking about the environment and – or, more precisely, be aware that there may in fact poverty (such things would never have happened with poor George in charge). A world of difference

Obama’s team

Barack Obama’s views which are relevant to the problem in new budget director, hand. I wasn’t surprised at his appointment.’ LSE alumnus Professor Danny Quah said: ‘From when he Peter Orszag (MSc was an undergraduate, he was committed to 1992, PhD 1997), public service. He’s also genuinely a really nice pictured left, is one guy. … I think his experience at LSE shows that of an impressive PhD training is not necessarily just for preparing retinue of LSE for a career as an academic. The knowledge alumni appointed we transmit and the conversations we have in to the president’s the LSE economics department will transfer into administration. the type of good policy work that Peter will do.’ Dr Orszag, a Princeton graduate who studied Obama’s team also includes alumni Peter Rouse economics at LSE as a Marshall scholar, (MA 1970), senior adviser to the president, has been named director of the Office of and Mona Sutphe (MSc 1997), deputy chief Management and Budget in the Obama of staff. Paul Volcker, who is head of Obama’s administration. At 40, he will be a key member new economic recovery advisory board, of the president’s economic team, advising him was a Rotary Foundation fellow on a variety of issues including federal spending at LSE from 1951 to 1952. programmes and managing the federal budget. Larry Summers, who was a Professor Emeritus Lord Richard Layard visiting academic at LSE in 1987, recalls: ‘As well as being brilliant, he had an is head of the White House’s extraordinary level of organisation. In fact he National Economic Council. was the most organised person I have ever Jason Furman (MSc 1993) was known. … He’s very much the right kind of senior economic adviser during person for Obama, with very sensible, balanced Obama’s presidential campaign.

A London memento with a touch of class

Charles Booth’s maps are now available as reproductions for sale featuring streets colour-coded according to Victorian social status, from ‘upper-middle and upper classes – wealthy’ to ‘lowest class – vicious and semi-criminal’! Where did you live? What was it like around LSE? Discover at www.lse.ac.uk/booth To purchase, please quote the relevant map sheet number/s (below) and ‘LSE Magazine’. Tel: +44 (0)20 7955 7223 Email: [email protected] £14.95 per map sheet (£79.95 for full set of 12) includes VAT and UK postage. Additional £3 for overseas orders. Thank you for supporting the Library’s work

1 East: Isle of Dogs, 4 North West: Somers Town, 7 Inner West: Westminster, 10 South West: Wandsworth, Millwall, Limehouse, Bromley, Camden Town, Kentish Town, Belsize Marylebone, Mayfair, Paddington, Battersea, Clapham, Putney, Stepney [485 x 623 mm] Park, Primrose Hill, Hampstead, St Bayswater, Kensington, Fulham [700 x 388 mm] John’s Wood, West Hampstead, Chelsea [554 x 485 mm] 2 North East: South Hackney, 11 Outside South: Peckham, Kilburn, Maida Vale [531 x 485 mm] Clapton, Stoke Newington, 8 Outer West: Kilburn, Camberwell, Dulwich, Brixton, Dalston [421 x 400 mm] 5 East Central: Stepney, Kensal Green, Notting Hill, West South Lambeth [574 x 417 mm] Whitechapel, Spitalfields, Kensington, Fulham, Hammersmith, 3 North: Stoke Newington, 12 South East: Blackheath, Bethnal Green, Shoreditch, Shepherd’s Bush [609 x 430 mm] Highbury, Islington, Finsbury Greenwich, Lewisham, Hatcham Haggerston [368 x 485 mm] Park, Tufnell Park, Barnsbury 9 Inner South: Rotherhithe, Park [485 x 535 mm] [502 x 460 mm] 6 West Central: Hoxton, Camberwell, Southwark, Clerkenwell, Bloomsbury, Walworth, Kennington, Lambeth, Fitzrovia, Holborn, Covent Vauxhall [670 x 382 mm] Garden, Soho [525 x 425 mm] A line

© BENJAMIN LOWY/CORBIS

Libya has shaken off its pariah status and its deserts are rich in untapped reserves of oil and gas, but it is yet to develop a civil service to match its economic and social ambitions. As part of its reforming agenda the country has turned to LSE to help train its new public servants. Francis Terry, academic director of the course, describes the challenges.

ow should one prepare civil servants is a vast country, more than seven times the area to design and manage a sweeping of the UK, with a population of less than six million. Hprogramme of reforms? It’s a fascinating The majority of people live in, or near, the two major practical question, relevant in many countries cities of Benghazi and Tripoli; the rest consists of today – from the United States to Zimbabwe – more than 90 per cent desert. Older readers may but on which academic research unfortunately is remember such cinema classics as Ice Cold in Alex somewhat scarce. Yet this was the challenge faced or Sea of Sand, featuring British troops in the North by the team I am leading from LSE Enterprise, African campaign of the Second World War. Well, when the contract was signed with the Libyan the scenery now is much the same, but underneath government in January 2008. it are some of the world’s largest reserves of oil and Libya is only slowly emerging from more than a gas, much of it untapped. decade of international ostracism, and retaliated So shouldn’t Libya’s problems be fairly soluble? by discouraging casual foreign visitors and tourists. Unfortunately, selling natural resources does not For many years, the use of English in educational automatically make the population rich or improve media was banned. So what would it be like working the quality of life. Libya suffers low life expectancy in a country where, at least in theory, the people by Western standards, severe unemployment, and a collectively own almost everything, but the ideals declining profile on several key economic and social and opinions of the Leader, Colonel Mu’ammar indicators. In government, time-honoured patterns al-Qadhafi, impinge on the daily life of everyone? of bureaucracy persist, with weak motivation and Local information and background were initially endemic corruption. Policy making is confused and hard to come by, but certain facts were clear: Libya inconsistent. The Libyan Economic Development t

I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 19 A line in the sand

Board (EDB) clearly recognises the problems, but nervous about public speaking. Often, they are also has views about how to address them; the unused to working in collaborative relationships management development programme we have and tend to think in ‘top-down’, hierarchical ways. designed has had to take account of these views. Yet the ability to put forward clear, well-argued Thus there was to be a strong emphasis advice and to work with teams is vital in running on leadership, innovation and drawing a successful administration. Civil servants have to CASE STUDY from best international practice. Training be convincing advocates – even while recognising people to act as ‘agents of reform’ is a what they do not know. They may have to stimulate Jalal Krikshi key part of our brief. colleagues or partner institutions to help them ‘I work for the Libyan Investment Authority, the newly In the first half of the programme, deliver a programme of action. established sovereign wealth fund based in Tripoli. I lasting five weeks and delivered in So plenty of time is allowed for group work, for applied to do this course because I was interested in Libya, we try to introduce students to debates on policy and implementation, and for new ideas of public management and particularly the major themes in public management. preparing presentations on management or policy concept of public governance. I was also very keen to These include strategy making, finance issues. There are weekly tests to help students and learn from the British experience. The course introduced and budgeting, regulatory systems, staff to gauge how well the materials are being me to new and different perspectives and has provided a change management, accountability absorbed, and project work to consolidate what has very good foundation for me to explore the field of public and performance review. But first, we been learned. At the end of the five weeks, students administration further. The subjects covered – regulation, try to give students a view of where Libya who reach the desired standard are presented with budgeting, economic approach to policy evaluation, stands in an international context, by an LSE Certificate of Achievement. measurement and performance management, risk examining data from the World Economic Working with the Libyans is a very stimulating management – were all very relevant. The only drawback Forum on international competitiveness. experience for the LSE Enterprise team. Students are was that, because we were on an executive programme, It is usually a shock to find that Libya enthusiastic and highly motivated and the prospect rather than enrolled as students, we did not have access currently stands 91st in a ranking of 132 of qualifying for the follow-on course, delivered in to the library. It was great to visit LSE and to attend such countries, and below most of those in London, is a powerful incentive. So far, one such a prestigious university. It was also fantastic to be able the Arab world – the primary frame of course has taken place, during October-December to attend the public lectures.’ reference for most Libyans. 2008. Feedback from the programme has been This exercise helps to focus attention extremely positive, and I feel optimistic that when the on what kind of place they want Libya trainees are placed in their civil service roles, reforms to be in the future, and how to determine will undoubtedly be driven forward with insight and priorities for domestic policy. Then we consider the vigour. We wish them all success! characteristics which ought to make up an efficient and effective public administration, again making use of international comparisons and experience, before exploring the range of instruments that can be deployed to improve matters. Alongside the delivery of formal knowledge and information, we aim to build the students’ skills and confidence in specific areas. Most of them have little experience of putting the case for a policy or course of action, and they are Francis Terry is professor of public management, LSE Enterprise.

Libyan training programme Young lives online

The increasing importance of the internet for work, education, an overview is vital because policy should be evidence based and also because technological, economic, community, politics, family life and social relationships raises new political and cultural factors shape the processes questions for social scientists, policy makers and the public – of internet use differently in different countries. Not particularly in relation to how children use the internet. Sonia only is a comparative lens needed to understand whether, how and why children’s online experiences Livingstone reports on a major EU project to chart this change. differ but, without this, one risks the twin fallacies of assuming one’s own country is distinctive when it is he internet and new online technologies are not and of assuming one’s own country is the same becoming an integral part of everyday life, with as others when it is not. T many countries under pressure to get online Even within Europe, differences in internet access to stimulate innovation, education, participation and and use are substantial. A recent Eurobarometer commerce. Although everybody is affected, children survey, conducted in December 2008, found that, and young people are often in the vanguard of new as reported by their parents, 75 per cent of six to 17 media adoption. The widespread speculation, both year olds were online across the European Union, hopeful and fearful, that surrounds children’s online ranging from a striking 42 per cent of six year olds, experiences requires an especially critical stance from over half of seven and eight year olds, jumping to 72 the academy to steer a path, guided by empirical per cent of nine year olds, 84 per cent of 14 and 15 evidence, between the celebration of youthful experts year olds and 87 per cent of 17 year olds. However, supposedly pioneering new forms of social life online fewer than half of children were online in Italy (45 per ‘In the early years, children and the attendant anxiety that children are thereby cent), about half in Greece and Cyprus (both 50 per particularly vulnerable to new forms of harm. cent), rising to 91 per cent in the UK and Sweden, were gaining access to In the early years of internet diffusion, children 93 per cent in the Netherlands and Denmark, and the internet well ahead were gaining access to the internet well ahead of 94 per cent in Finland. a mature programme of empirical research. But Striking differences can also be seen between of a mature programme recent years have seen an explosion of studies, different parts of Europe with respect to cultural, challenging researchers and policy makers to review infrastructural, socio-economic and political param- of empirical research’ eters influencing children’s experiences with the and learn from the emerging findings. Achieving such t I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 21 Young lives online

internet and new media in general. The European the research and policy agendas and proposed a body of information, the EU Kids Online network context differs significantly from that of America, classification of countries as shown in the table: concluded that, over and above the importance of whose research receives most prominence world- the trajectory of internet use across countries, national wide: in Europe, for example, the social and religious Online Children’s internet use internet regulation appears lower (or less intervention- traditions of childhood and parenting vary from risk ist) in countries where internet use is lower (or more the Scandinavian North to the Latin South; the Below Average Above EU recently introduced to a mass market), resulting in gradual harmonisation of economic and educa- EU (65-85%) average turn in greater risk to children in these countries. It tional policies instigated by the European Union average (> 85%) also observed that higher use countries had higher creates new tensions; and the incorporation of (< 65%) levels of general education, and higher risk countries post-Communist countries has seen rapid market Low Cyprus France often had low NGO engagement in awareness raising developments disrupting established cultural norms Italy Germany and, interestingly, less investment in positive online in those countries. content for children. Medium Greece Austria Denmark How, then, should we approach these intersecting The network is now developing recommenda- Belgium Sweden patterns of similarity and difference, in seeking to Ireland tions for six key areas of policy formation at national understand European children’s experiences of the Portugal and international levels. These will cover children’s internet? ‘EU Kids Online’ is a network of researchers Spain rights and opportunities (including issues of digital from diverse social science and humanistic disciplines inclusion and equality), to positive content provision, High Bulgaria Estonia in 21 countries, funded by the EC Safer Internet Plus better guidance for parents, recommendations for Czech Iceland programme. Since 2006, it has been working to Republic Netherlands schools and child protection, with implications for identify, examine and compare empirical research Norway law enforcement. that addresses the cultural, contextual and risk issues Poland The network will hold its final conference at LSE in arising from the intersection of the three key terms – Slovenia June 2009, bringing together researchers and policy children, internet, Europe. Employing an approach to UK makers from across Europe and beyond to participate understanding children’s online experiences defined in the launch of the final report and an original edited by four C’s – comparative, contextual, child-centred On this basis, it appears that high use of the internet book of key findings, entitled Kids Online: opportunities and critical – the purpose is to inform both research is rarely if ever associated with low risk, although low and risks for children (Policy Press). and policy agendas. use of the internet may be associated with high risk. And finally, it is preparing to undertake a major new For researchers and research funders, the task Clearly, high use, high risk countries are, for the most EC-funded project, EU Kids Online II, in which parents is to identify what is known, what pressing research part, wealthy Northern European countries, while and children across Europe will be interviewed to gaps remain, what new research areas emerge and medium use and high risk are characteristic of new investigate new and emerging issues regarding what best practice research methods are available to entrants to the EC. Last, Southern European coun- internet use and risks in order to inform future policy address these. For policy makers and the public, the tries tend to be lower in risk, though there are differ- developments in this field. n task is to translate research findings into constructive, ences among them. Putting this another way around, evidence based policy recommendations which the network proposes that, as a broad generality: can guide regulatory practices, media literacy Northern European countries tend to be ‘high use, programmes, education and awareness raising high risk’; Southern European countries tend to be about risk and safety issues and parental approaches ‘low use, variable risk’; and Eastern European coun- to mediating the internet. EU Kids Online reports tries can be characterised as ‘new use, new risk’. are produced collaboratively, informed by frequent Sonia Livingstone Why this should be the case is far from straight- is professor of social psychology in the Department of deliberative discussion of research approaches and forward, as there are competing explanations to Media and Communications at LSE. findings within the network, and are made public at take into account. After reviewing a considerable www.eukidsonline.net In undertaking this work, it has been important to recognise that, while policies rightly seek to maximise opportunities and minimise risks, this line is not easy to draw. Children and adults categorise online activities differently – with children taking a very different view of the value of making new friends or pretending to be someone else online. And adults themselves do not always agree – with educators and child welfare workers having differ- ent views on the value of unconstrained information searches. Further, child development theory argues that some degree of risk is itself potentially an opportunity, for children must move beyond their safe and familiar surroundings if they are to become resilient in the wider world. At the national and cross-national level, interpretations and attitudes to risks and opportunities vary. In practice, the very design of the online interface intertwines risks and opportunities – even the Children’s BBC website requires a child to disclose personal information to receive the benefits on offer. The EU Kids Online network has sought to systematise the various opportunities and risks on 22 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I Much of what archivists discovered in the course of the project was quite unexpected. For example, there is a poem by MP Sir Gilbert Longden, written Making history in response to a little boy’s letter complaining about school. ‘You never know quite what to expect when opening hundreds of dusty old boxes, which is what The Foyle Foundation project at LSE Archives has opened up makes archiving exciting,’ she explains. According to Sue, it’s the sense of mystery and the inability to access to a wealth of previously unseen social and political leave a file unopened, which motivated the team material. Alumna Lindsey Hall finds out more. throughout the massive job. It is also the simple fact that these files are important – historians need these archives. ‘Nobody would write any history without us,’ n 2005 the Foyle Foundation, a body which Foundation Project, for example, will have implica- she says matter of factly, and urges future funders awards grants to libraries and museums, gave tions for British scholars as well as international to remember how important this basic work is. She Ithree payments of £35,000 to the LSE Library for ones. ‘It is a major resource for anyone researching quotes Socrates for support: ‘“The unexamined life cataloguing its social and political history archives. European institutions post 1945,’ Sue explains. is not worth living”, and if we don’t carefully preserve Already a daunting task when it began with 500 The boxes have yielded a wealth of new informa- history we’ll become like a society with amnesia.’ boxes, the project nearly doubled in size by its tion. One of the collections, for example, focuses The Foyle Foundation catalogue is available completion in March 2009, expanding to include on actor and Labour MP Andrew Matthew Faulds. online and in the Library. For more information on 900 boxes. According to Sue Donnelly, LSE’s head His catalogue alone is 318 pages long – and this is LSE Archives and the Foyle Foundation project, see archivist for the past ten years and the driving force just the list of available documents from his career www.lse.ac.uk/library/archive n behind the project, this is the biggest cataloguing and personal life. The actual archives fill 254 boxes, project in the Archives’ long history. ranging from 1960 to 1997, and covering everything So what makes the Foyle Foundation project from immigration, Palestine, and support of the arts, stand out among LSE’s many archives? Eight to the intriguingly labelled ‘Racist and Rude’ file diverse collections range from Federal Trust for and documents from a libel case between Faulds Education and Research documents to archives and The Sun. ‘He was quite vocal in the House of politicians’ personal papers, providing a broad of Commons,’ says Rebecca Webster, who was view of the UK and Europe over the course of involved in cataloguing the archives. ‘It was very Lindsey Hall the 20th century. The collections have a diverse amusing to do his collection. His personality and his (MSc Media and Communications, 2008) is an editorial social and political dimension, evident in the docu- passion really shine through.’ assistant at the Financial Times. ments of MPs from all three main UK parties. The information is also newly available, comprising Main picture: Photograph of Gilbert Longden, 1955 material which has only just become accessible © Watford Observer through the project. Below: Invitation addressed The goal is to make the files, which used to sit to Andrew Faulds to the collecting dust, into a resource for researchers. inauguration ceremony of the Palais de l’Europe, Strasbourg, Information from the 900 boxes has been carefully 28 January 1977; excerpt of indexed and listed online. Once a document is speech by Gilbert Longden at the 1st Committee of the United in the online archive, researchers and historians Nations, 13 December 1957 alike can contact the LSE Library and come and © Conservative Party view them in person. Sue explains that there is Archive Trust a direct link between putting archives online and their use; when they first put archive listings on the web in 2005, there was an immediate 30 per cent increase in use. The LSE Library began collecting material two years after it opened, in 1898. However catalogu- ing began in earnest with the appointment of the first archivist in 1975, so there is a backlog of work. While archives may evoke images of dark, dank basements and endless stacks of files, this is far from the truth of LSE’s modern facilities; located in the Library basement, the rooms are light, bright and air-conditioned. And the process of opening, reading, filing and then cataloguing archives by subject, while daunting, is also dynamic. Sue emphasises LSE’s role as a leading tool for the greater social science community. A quarter of the people who use LSE archives are from the School, but the majority of patrons are academics from around the UK. The archivists work hard to publicise their projects, attracting scholars from across London and around the world. The Foyle

I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 23 I met a traveller from an antique land. I met a traveller from an antique land. Who said: Two vast and trunbkless legsWho of stone... said: Two vast and trunbkless legs of stone... It would be curious to discover who it is to whom one writesIt wouldin a be curious to discover who it is to whom diary. Possibly to some mysteriousone writes in a diary. Possibly to some mysterious Romance Bright star, I met a traveller from an antique land. would I were personification of one’s ownpersonification identity... or of reason? one’s own identity... Who said: Two vast and trunbkless legs of stone...steadfast as thow art. The romantic economist

It may seem self evident that modern social epistemological lesson for social scientists: it alerts sciences and the study of literature have little in us to the central role of imagination, theory and common. Scholars of literature, after all, focus metaphor in structuring observation and analysis. on the creation of illusion, the role of language The Romantics understood that we never have an and metaphor and the works of imagination, unmediated and fully objective view of the world while social scientists engage in the empirical and that our minds do not merely passively record and rationalist study of systematic regularities facts. Instead, as Wordsworth put it, we ‘half-create’ in social behaviour. In The Romantic Economist, the world we see – by virtue of the metaphorical, however, I argue that studies of literature and conceptual and emotional colouring we contribute. socio-economic behaviour have strong similarities, Indeed, Coleridge argued that we must use theories and that literary criticism and works of literature and metaphors like lanterns to illuminate the chaos can be fruitful resources for economists and other around us. Crucially, though, he also underlined social scientists. that metaphors distort as well as focus our vision. Beatrice Webb – one of the founders of LSE – From this it follows that scientists should be aware was clear that sociologists have much to learn from of the particular metaphors, models and concepts reading literature. In her autobiography, she argued that structure their vision at any one time; and they that real insight into the workings of human nature can benefit from imaginatively experimenting with only comes to those who possess the faculties of alternative ways of structuring experience. Theoretical sympathy and ‘analytical imagination’, and to this and metaphorical dogmatism entails the very real risk end she acknowledged the important influence on that we may miss aspects of reality not illuminated her own thinking of the great poets and novelists. by our favoured theory or metaphor. But why should sympathy and imagination be seen Economists, in particular, need to deconstruct the as key analytical tools? Is it not better to rely on metaphors and language that currently structure their dispassionate analysis of data and clear headed science, in order to understand better the distortion axiomatic reasoning to gain true insight into the as well as focus implied by their standard models. economic and social affairs of humankind? Economics is littered with metaphors drawn from To understand Webb’s point, we need to remember mechanics and early physics – ‘equilibrium’, the a crucial distinction between the social and natural ‘velocity’ of money, production ‘functions’ – and it sciences: social (unlike natural) sciences interpret a is largely conceived in the language of mathematics. pre-interpreted world. The behaviour studied by social However fruitful this perspective is, it implies analytical scientists is already structured – to some extent at losses as well as gains. For this reason, social scientists least – by the socially formed languages, norms and can often gain analytical leverage by experimenting theories that individual actors have internalised. This with new models and metaphors – some of them means that we cannot fully explain socio-economic drawn from literature. behaviour unless we learn to empathise with (the In such ways, the tools of literary criticism and better to interpret) the mindsets and conceptual poetry are surprisingly relevant to the social scientist. structures that influence beliefs and reasons for For, rather than merely imitating reality, social scientists action. Without analytical imagination – the conscious (like writers) have to create pictures of reality that are effort and unconscious ability to place ourselves in valuable to their favoured audiences. n the conceptual shoes of those whose behaviour we study – we are always liable to miss key aspects of human intentionality. For this reason alone, it is helpful for social scientists to be schooled in the disciplines of literature and modern languages as well Richard Bronk as mathematics. A purely scientific training may not is a visiting fellow in the European Institute, LSE, and author equip us with the required sensitivity and imaginative of The Romantic Economist: imagination in economics openness to varied ways of life, thought and feeling. (Cambridge University Press, 2009). The literature of the Romantics contains a broader

24 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I I met a traveller from an antique land. It would be curious to discover who it is to whom Who said: Two vast and trunbkless legsone of writesstone... in a diary. Possibly to some mysterious Bright star, would I were steadfast as thow art. Do the social sciences have anything to learn from literature? Economists, geographers and sociologists deal in hard facts It would be curious to discover who it is to whom Notand in empirical lone data, usingsplendour methods that mean hungtheir work can aloft be measured, the tested andnight... challenged. So can writers, who deal in intuition, emotion and impression, reasonably expectpersonification their work to have any influence ofon social one’s scientists? Howown much attentionidentity... one writes in a diary. Possibly to some mysterious should modern day LSE (with its rich literary tradition) give to fiction, poetry, drama, biography and other forms of literature? Bright star, LSE’s first Literary Festival, held on the weekend of 27 February to 1 March, brought together writers and experts from both fields to discuss where, and how, their work overlaps. Here, two LSE authors of books addressing these issues, consider the rivalries and sympathies between the two disciplines. personification of one’s own identity... would I were steadfast as thow art. Rationalising poetics

The Romantic Economist arrives at a propitious office were looking increasingly baseless. The urge time: clearly, something must have been wrong to provide some objective measure of value has long with how the financial markets were being operated. been a grail for critics – Northrop Frye called it the How now to rebuild our economic theories? Bronk ‘donkey’s carrot of literary criticism’ – and recent years contends that economists have for too long been have seen a renewed effort to root and rationalise the enamoured of a machine-like model of the world and western canon in something more substantial than the actors within it – an account both descriptively taste and tradition. Of the many responses to Snow’s inaccurate and cognitively limiting, failing as it does debate, one of the more fruitful has been a sincere to exploit what Coleridge called the ‘living power and effort on behalf of some literary scholars to correct prime agent of all human perception’: the human their lack of intellectual capital by adopting as much imagination. Economists ought instead to follow as possible the methodology of the sciences. the lead of the literary people – more intuition, more Recent years have witnessed repeated efforts from going with our feelings. within literary study to ‘scientise’ and ‘rationalise’ the The peculiar thing is that Bronk’s call for a Romantic analysis and evaluation of texts. These vary from the turn (a swoon?) in the social sciences comes as the cognitive and evolutionary psychological approaches literary community are making the most concerted taken by Darwinian literary critics such as Jonathan effort in a long while to inject rigour and rationality Gottschall and Joseph Carroll, to Franco Moretti’s into the study of fiction – a practice often attacked Graphs, Maps, Trees – a macro-criticism which for relying too much on imagination. imports the methods of the social sciences to better Along with the Darwin anniversaries, this year understand the interrelations of literary texts. In literary also marks the 50th anniversary of CP Snow’s ‘Two study, usually the least rational and most intuitive of Cultures’ lecture. The division he drew was between the disciplines, rationality and rigour have never been the humanities and the sciences, and Snow had in so revered. But it could be that, once again, the literary mind – as the most representative of each party – the intellectuals are dancing out of time. literary intellectuals on the one side and the physical For of course, there’s another way to view this: scientists on the other. His complaint was that the literary critics’ attempts to firm up their methods literary intellectuals had for too long enjoyed a level of may merely reflect the current triumphal status cultural esteem out of all proportion to their intellectual of mechanistic rationality, and those within the capacities and social utility. It was, he claimed, the discipline who are seeking to imitate in part (natural and social) scientists – with their rigorous, or whole the methods of the hard sciences (a rational approach to the world – to whom we owed condition sometimes referred to as ‘physics envy’) our intellectual respect and from whom we could are labouring under the same Enlightenment expect working solutions to the world’s problems. delusion as the economists – and thus in just as The challenge drew a bitter response from much need of Bronk’s call for a return to Keats, England’s premier literary intellectual, critic FR Leavis, and Shelley, and Byron, and what Wordsworth who quite reasonably questioned the sciences’ called the ‘wiser Spirit’ of imagination. n suitability as a foundation for culture, before moving on to a surprisingly unpleasant ad hominem attack on Snow’s standing as a novelist who ‘can’t be said to know what a novel is’. When Snow spoke in Cambridge in 1959, the literary intellectuals were top of the pile. But this status was to prove fragile, and the protective layer of high culture which had steadily accreted around literary Jon Adams study has now all but worn away – abraded by attacks is a research officer on the ‘How Well Do “Facts” Travel?’ Leverhulme/ESRC project in the Department of Economic from without and eroded from within by the discipline’s History at LSE and author of Interference Patterns: literary decision to relinquish its role as cultural arbiter, at least study, scientific knowledge and disciplinary autonomy in part because their claims to be entitled to such high (Bucknell University Press, 2007).

I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 25 Endless city a car for certain types of travel, and somewhere to keep it. Letters I don’t really understand what Land Use Planning succeeds where Ricky Burdett means by ‘a We welcome letters by post or email. Please send correspondence it goes along with what people want, process of retrofitting that is smoothing rough edges, removing to: Editor, LSE Magazine, Press and Information Office, LSE, transforming the image as well as nuisances. What if people do not Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE. Email: lsemagazine@ the reality of living and working want the compactness of the Urban lse.ac.uk. The editor reserves the right to cut and edit letters. in London’ (‘The Endless City’, Age agenda, especially extreme LSE Magazine, winter 2008). compactness? Despite the claim What I do know is that current about urban sprawl destroying Keeping the nation healthy planning laws require that the countryside, there is a lot of Having read the article on the methods of the natural sciences approval be given to blocks of unremarkable countryside which Health Service in the last issue in the social sciences, and some tightly packed tiny flats and a lot would not be missed if it were built (‘Keeping the nation healthy’, LSE even became members of the of new housing, including those over. And planning provisions about Magazine, winter 2008) I thought Association of Scientific Workers. flats, without parking provision. parking in London almost certainly I would set down some of the In my view, however, there is a This is recreating slums in a rich city. do not conform to what people want. recollections and thoughts of an limit to the applicability of natural Whatever is done to encourage the John Knowles elderly graduate of the School. science research methods. In the use of public transport, relatively (Occasional Student 1980) After graduating I was recruited social sciences, the psychological well off people want access to New Malden, Surrey, UK into the Ministry of Economic dimension and the feelings of Warfare headed by Hugh Dalton, the individuals always remain who had been connected with important and can be confounding Student protests LSE. I remember his presiding factors in research. Politicians over the mock parliaments which cannot ride roughshod over these. were a feature at the School. The role of the state vis-à-vis the Thanks for the latest issue of LSE I became interested in the Official individual is important. The state Magazine, which as usual is full of War History, a volume of which offers its protection to the individual interesting facts and features to was about social history, and was but should not be too intrusive and keep up with all that is happening at appointed assistant narrator under burdensome. In return, the individual the School. One little point niggles Richard Titmuss. During my time must not be too demanding and me. Why is there nothing about there, I was present at a meeting should be prepared to defend the student protests of 1967-69? in the Ministry of Health at which the wider community. We are It was a fascinating point in the Aneurin Bevan announced the said to be a tolerant nation, but eternal struggle between Left and creation of the NHS. I recall that he we should perhaps be selective I came to the reunion in 2006 and seemed to take the credit for this Right at LSE. I know in my time in what is tolerated. Let us not very much enjoyed meeting people for the politicians, and little mention (1973-76), as a member of the who were at LSE at the same time was made of Beveridge and the confuse freedom with licence Conservative Association, I was as me – even though I didn’t know others who had been pressing for it. and tolerance with complacency. involved in several heated battles The world must change and we with the mass of Left-wing groups most of them. But it left me with a Subsequently I was appointed a must adapt, but we should try to at LSE. Danny Finkelstein, in his great deal of curiosity and indeed magistrate and undertook various moderate unnecessary change. article in the last issue (‘Mediating unresolved feelings about some of other duties in relation to the the Media’, summer 2008), seems the traumatic events of early 1969. Probation Service, the NHS and, Inevitably as I have aged I have in particular, the Mental Health slowed down, but festine lente as to have been having the same There must have been about 1,000 legislation, serving as a member of well as rerum cognoscere causas battles five years later (in 1983). students who were at the Students’ a tribunal and as a manager under seem to be good guiding principles. It was only in the mid 1980s that LSE Union meeting that resolved to remove the ‘gates’, and at least the Act. Lady Constance Roth swung decisively back to the Right, half of those would have actually There was a great interest among (née Heller) (BSc Econ 1940) as Thatcherism became entrenched witnessed this happening. I was one research workers in developing the Cambridge, UK in the UK, and Reaganism in the US. Now with the ‘credit crunch’ of them, but I have never met anyone it seems to me that we are due else who was there. Ralph Turvey another seismic shift back to the I would be interested to see any The letter (LSE Magazine, winter 2008) from Ephraim Kleiman calls Ralph Left, as the whole Right-wing project photos from the period and to Turvey ‘the late’. But only recently I attended a seminar of the Centre self implodes. So the eternal battle read some first-hand accounts of for Regulated Industry chaired by him with his usual incisive vigour. between Left and Right goes on! the key events. George Jones Alan Houston Peter Feldon Emeritus professor of government, LSE (BSc Econ 1976) (BSc Econ 1971) Belfast, Northern Ireland London, UK [When we sent our apologies to Professor Turvey, he graciously replied: ‘This made me roar with laughter, so don’t feel too sorry. The remark that Ephraim Kleiman attributes to me does now sound slightly weird. I wonder whether I thought that the marginal disutility of income reduction much exceeded the marginal utility of income increase, which is a formalisation of Bill Phillips’ reported comment.’ – Ed]

26 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I Rodent’s rambles

of Rule and Rebellion is leading the way with a new graduate programme on Global Gastronomy: universality and particularity in the economy of food, and is planning methods training in the calculus of calories. Dr Cornfodder’s ground breaking, or sod turning, course on Rye Bread and Revolution: the price of bread and the pace of riot, will be served both on campus for dining-in students and as a take away programme for distance learners. Burgers and Bureaucracy: Weber and nutritional networks is in the planning, or kneading and seasoning, stage, while Table Manners, Civility, and the Regulation of Conflict has already gone before the sub-committee on Farinaceous Fees. All of these courses will even- tually be provided in refectory situations, combining at one and the same time mental and bodily inges- tion, replacing ‘whistle while you work’ with ‘lunch isitors to LSE will have noticed that from which- stage, but the expansion into Lincoln’s Inn Fields while you learn’. ever direction they approach the School, they with the New Academic Building has opened up The marketing is already being prepared, under the V arrive first at a food and drink outlet. From new vistas. Whilst some of the new building will be general image Food for Thought. Edible stickers will the north, you hit up against the George IV pub, with used for unprofitable old fashioned academic activi- be handed out across central London, and potential its welcome to the scholarly and unscholarly alike: ties, the ground floor will be dedicated to ‘Nibbles customers will be invited to ‘Sup Soup with Social ‘Quench your thirst with social science’s first’. From with the Rodent’, providing picnics for the park. The Science’ and ‘Munch with the Methodologists’. The the south, the Garrick, fronting onto the Aldwych and rich traditions of the School will be stirred into the familiar ‘LSE’ will now become a double acronym, presenting the ‘Hello’ friendly face of LSE to the world gastronomic pot to give a special pedagogic and and each package will carry the injunction Let’s of earning and yearning, so that Westminster and the social science flavour to the expanding provision. Start Eating. n City can see, behind glass, students and teachers And just as the School is extending its provision of sipping chai latte and cappuccinos with the trendi- education across the globe, so too will it be able Rodney Barker est. From the east the Café on the Plaza, enabling to extend its provision of educationally supportive students to be close enough to the Library to seem foods. If the UK can export Chicken Tikka Masala industrious without having to relinquish their leisured to India, it can export Tawney Take Aways to North second breakfasts or their browsing of ‘The Beaver’. America, the Lakatos Lunch Box to Europe, and We are ringfenced with pizzas and pints, cake Hayek Hampers specially designed for Christmas and coffee. The School now has nine bars, cafés, on the other side of the world. pubs and restaurants of one kind or another. As my And whilst education follows bread, it should not colleague Julian McLunchburger of the Department forget it. A syllabus founded on gastronomy must of Nutrition, Ingestion, Burger-technology and Lunch not ignore its origins, and so food, its consumption Environments (NIBLE) recently argued at a meeting and consequences, will increasingly become an of the Funding Committee, this is not just because organising theme and an empirical content for gradu- minds need to be fed, but because in a market ate and undergraduate courses. The Department driven world, an institution like LSE has to earn its keep. Tuition fees, contract research and grants from research councils are all very well, and may pay for a few books, but they don’t mend the roof or pay the wages. Pizzas and ciabatta can reach the income parts that lectures and seminars cannot reach, and for every lecturer or library book paid for by fees or research grants, ten can be bought with the income from buns and Bollinger. Even the poorest students (and even the richest staff) have to eat and like to drink, and whatever limits to income may be imposed by scholarships and fee waivers, the School can meet at least some of its obligations by stir fry, smoothies, and Professor Brew Bucket’s Olde Peculiar Ale. Hence the expansion into catering which, if Dr McLunchburger’s latest proposal comes to fruition, will transform Houghton Street and its surrounds. After bread, education. And after panini, higher education. That’s not just because the starving cannot study, but because the income from the bakeries funds the universities. Either way, the bread comes first, together with a little wine, and perhaps a bit of cheese and a few nibbles. But this is just the start, according to Dr McLunchburger. At the moment we are in the pilot Supporting LSE

Supporting LSE LSE Annual Fund making a real impact on campus Thanks to the support of alumni and friends, this year promises to be the most successful yet for the LSE Annual Fund.

Each year the Annual Fund supports scholarships and hardship support This year’s projects: Students’ Union a broad range of projects which for students, research funding LSESU Fabian Society journal have a direct impact on academic for young academics, support Departmental initiatives Rerum Causae – journal of life, the campus environment and for innovative teaching, sports LSE: a history in pictures facilities and student life at the equipment for the Athletics Union, LSESU Philosophy Society Restoring the Personal and Human School and our alumni, parents, a new Students’ Union website Students’ Union website in ‘Human Rights’: survivors of governors, staff and friends have and support for public events and redevelopment Rwanda’s genocide speak so far contributed over £600,000 lectures; highlighting the variety New Experiences at Fellowship for a chair in in donations this financial year. of interest and activity around the University Sports School. In total 29 projects were African Development This unprecedented level of Pulse Radio tenth supported across the School. support is actually worth over Research and teaching anniversary IT upgrade £800,000 to the School thanks These contributions have made STICERD/Annual Fund New Politeia international conference to the UK government’s Matched a real impact to everyday life at Researcher Awards Funding Scheme. Between the School for all members of the Grimshaw Club academic trips Teaching Innovation Awards 1 August 2008 and 31 July 2011 LSE community. All the funded Student support all gifts received by the Annual projects listed here could not Two-year fellowship for an Annual Fund Welfare Award top-up Fund are eligible for a 3:1 match have happened without support International Scholar At for Student Hardship and Welfare from the UK government. from alumni and friends. To Risk, in partnership with the This means every £3 donated discover more about making a Scholars Rescue Fund Flexible Fund to support needy will be matched by a further difference at LSE, please see: applicants through the New £1 and will make an even www.lse.ac.uk/annualfund Futures Fund greater difference to LSE. All gifts made to the Annual Fund ‘Support from the Annual Fund has been crucial in allowing us to update our IT equipment and provide an are eligible for the match, increasingly professional service to the students across the campus. regardless of country of origin. ‘In our tenth anniversary year, the generosity of Annual Fund donors has allowed us to completely refresh and Gifts received last year through update our studio space. This continued support means that many more generations of LSE students will the Annual Fund are already have the chance to hone their skills in a broadcast-quality creative space.’ having a significant impact on campus. The projects include Mark Harrison, station manager, PuLSE student radio

28 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I Remembering LSE

Students in the geography department will benefit from a legacy of support from former senior lecturer Robert Rawson (1916-1996) and his wife Dilys Rawson (1917-2009), who died earlier this year. Bob Rawson came to the School in 1945, joining the Geography Department, to which he and his wife Dilys remained close for the rest of their lives. Before coming to LSE, Bob had served as a The Monsoon Lands of Asia, to Squadron Leader in the RAF, from write many papers, to contribute 1941 onwards in the Middle East to studies of aerial photographic and Far East, specialising in air interpretations of land use problems, photographic interpretation. He and to supervise many graduate had a number of achievements students from Asian countries. which earned him a mention in The Rawsons were dedicated despatches and was the joint to providing opportunities and leader of an expedition into Tibet. counsel to the many students Bob and Dilys had been fellow under their care. This dedication will students at Aberystwyth. Dilys’s continue through a very generous academic career as a biologist, legacy in their memory which will at what was to become Queen provide scholarship assistance for Elizabeth College, began in London postgraduate geography students. in 1940. She, like Bob, always For more information on had a close connection with her supporting LSE with a legacy students and she recalled the gift, please contact the School’s pleasure of teaching the young Legacy Officer, Laura Harvey David Attenborough about tape- at [email protected] or on Events online voting facility and public worms! Bob went on to publish +44 (0)20 7852 3654. consultation exercise LSE-Cambridge inter-university graduate conference Good quality street furniture for Houghton Street, including Information Systems School says thanks to scholarship donors demountable tables for student stalls Research Forum This year’s Donors and Scholars Reception took place on 30 April on External café furniture for New campus and gave LSE the opportunity to thank donors and to celebrate Psychoanalysis@lse lecture series Academic Building forecourt the impact of scholarship support on the lives of students. LSE Choice group Thanks to the support of alumni and friends, last year alone, LSE was able Ralph Miliband Programme to award more than £13.2 million of financial assistance to students, of annual public lecture series ‘This year the Students’ Union which £2.9 million came from private support. has benefited enormously Cognition and Culture During the evening, guests heard from three current scholarship recipients, from the generosity of Annual who spoke of the impact that scholarship support has had on their lives Poet in the City events programme Fund donors. Our Advice and and their time at LSE. Caitlin McKenna, an MSc Global Politics student London schools’ creative Counselling Centre has been and Anne Bohm Scholar said: ‘I am among the many students here who able to distribute hardship writing competition ‘ReaLITy’ would not be attending LSE at all were it not for the generosity of the funds to students in need; our How to Deal with Economic individuals and families who have sponsored our studies. Because of your new website will be able to Crisis in Developing Countries?: generosity, each of us has been given a greater opportunity than we ever showcase our incredibly diverse a series of conferences could have imagined. Thank you for believing in us, and supporting us in student societies and small and with Mexican leaders our work. May we all exceed your expectations in the years to come.’ specialist sports now have the Alumnus George Swirski (Bsc Economics 1978) spoke about his An Analytical Look at funding they need to develop. experiences as a scholarship donor and Howard Davies thanked donors Childhood in Colombia: needs, It’s great to be able to see the for their support on behalf of the School. policies and challenges difference this money makes to students right away, and Philanthropic support has enabled LSE to support over 280 students Campus facilities we’re incredibly thankful to the this year alone, enabling some of the best and brightest students from Campus signage and wayfinding donors who made it possible.’ around the world to benefit from an LSE education, regardless of their financial situation. St Philips redevelopment design Will Barber, SU treasurer, and competition architects’ Students’ Union For more information about supporting scholarships, please contact fees, creation of website, Gemma Wicks at [email protected]

I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 29 LSE news

Hoop dreams become What a performance as Timeless reality for the Beavers students show off their diverse talents

The LSE men’s basketball team capped a breathtaking comeback this season and spectacular run since 2006 with a victory in the 2009 Division 1 British Basketball National Championship in March. The win capped a brilliant run through the Men’s Trophy tournament during which the Beavers outscored opponents by an average of 28 points a game. It concluded an astonishing 10-week stretch for the Beavers, whose season began with a lacklustre start of five losses and just three wins by December. The team regrouped at a January training session, and pledged to go undefeated for the remainder of their season. In the end, the improbable was achieved. The Beavers won their final two regular season matches versus Brighton and Hertfordshire to clinch second place in the Southeastern Division, swept through three games to claim their third consecutive London Cup title, and dominated all comers in the national competition. The final tally was a 9-game winning streak and glory on the court in Sheffield. Captains Nick Broadway and Justin Gest raised the team’s newest piece of silverware in front of hundreds gathered at the English Institute for Sport. More than 170 LSE students The rest of this year’s championship team included: Joe Allen, Matt Caverly, dazzled a packed house at London’s Rob ‘Tayshaun’ Dagger, Ignazio De Ferrari, Paul Di Stephano, Andreas Sadler’s Wells Theatre with the music, Ferstad, Giovanni Graglia, Mike Hall, Francesco Rinaldi, Moritz Schneider, Sean dance and drama show Timeless. Sosnovec, and Jonny Wright, all under head coach Ronnie Baker. After almost a year spent preparing and honing their acts, the performers rose to new heights in a show described as ‘a symphony of talent’ and aimed at demonstrating the diversity, and diversity of talent, at the School. Timeless also raised more than pride in the energy and dedication £12,000 for two charities – the of our performers this year. The Happy Home orphanage in committee (inset picture) have Kenya and World Vision. The worked tirelessly from start to finish, event was supported by and the passion they have displayed PricewaterhouseCoopers (as has been inspiring. Together we headline sponsor) and JP Morgan, created this year’s performance and who secured the venue. together we created a symphony Nikhil Sangani, producer of the show, of dramatic talent as Timeless as its said: ‘I can only express incredible name suggests.’

Sad march of the penguin sardines in the hope of tempting it back, to no avail. There was mourning around While students were quick to However it is hoped the story will LSE when one of the School’s blame their peers from a rival have a happy ending. The knee most popular and long-standing institution for the disappearance, high sculpture by artist Yolanda members was kidnapped. no one has been able to identify vanderGaast was insured and will the culprits and the penguin is The LSE Penguin, an aluminium be replaced, School secretary sculpture which has stood still missing. Adrian Hall said in a reassuring guard outside the Economists’ LSE students mounted a vigil at statement: ‘We will do our best to Bookshop since 2006, suddenly the plinth where the penguin had mend this little dent in the staff and vanished in the early hours of a stood and even opened a tin of student experience.’ March morning.

30 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I LSE news

Seat of learning proves popular with professors LSE experts to

World famous scholars are of Political Studies (Sciences Po) He is also William Ziegler Professor tell the story queuing up to sit in the Philippe in Paris and director of its doctoral of Business Administration at of crime and Roman Chair for International programme on the Muslim World. Harvard Business School and History and International Affairs His books include The War for a senior fellow at the Hoover punishment – a position held by a different Muslim Minds, Bad Moon Rising Institution, Stanford University. The prime minister has announced visiting professor each year. and most recently Beyond Terror Professor Ferguson is the author that three LSE experts have been In October 2009 the post (which and Martyrdom. of several popular and acclaimed appointed to write an official is hosted by LSE IDEAS) will be Professor Keppel, who speaks books which include The Ascent of history of the British criminal taken by Professor Gilles Keppel Arabic, French, English and Italian, Money, Colossus and Empire. He justice system. – an expert in the politics of the has also presented several television has previously been a visiting Professors Paul Rock, David Islamic World. documentaries based on his books – professor at Columbia University in Downes and Tim Newburn will the most recent being The Ascent of And when his term ends in 2010, New York. examine the significant changes Money on Channel 4. he will be followed by the historian, Niall Ferguson (pictured below) in the criminal justice system in journalist and is Laurence A The chair is made possible by a the 40 years leading up to the late television Tisch Professor private donation to the School. 1990s. The history will also cover presenter Niall of History The current occupant is Professor criminal justice policies, the courts Ferguson. at Harvard Chen Jian and the first was and penal policy. Professor Paul Kennedy. Gilles Keppel University and Professor Paul Rock said: ‘The (pictured left) a contributing LSE IDEAS is the centre for the period we will be looking at is a professor editor of the study of international affairs, started with immense official at the Institute Financial Times. diplomacy and grand strategy. confidence about our capacity to deal with crime through, for example, rehabilitation and LSE launches Executive Summer School to give therapy. In the 1970s this professionals the edge turned to radical pessimism, with a rebound of optimism in confidence in the 1990s. LSE is holding its first Executive Courses are due to be led by 15 The summer school’s academic Summer School this June and distinguished academics, including director Professor Richard ‘While many governments claim July, at which world-leading Willem Buiter, former member of Jackman, stressed: ‘These the successes in crime reduction professors are offering top the Monetary Policy Committee of courses will be of the highest are the result of their policies, in professionals from around the the Bank of England, international intellectual calibre. They will actual fact, nobody quite knows world the chance to hone their relations specialist Michael Cox, have real depth and not just why there have been these peaks chair of the European Consortium and troughs. Interestingly, the skills in challenging times. offer patchwork learning. Each of Political Research, east Asian course has been individually public refuses to believe that crime The innovative courses on offer specialist and adviser Professor tailored and will be pitched is going down.’ range from Banking in an Age Danny Quah, and head of at an advanced level to The official history will analyse a of Turbulence to What’s Wrong management at LSE, Professor students with the necessary number of themes. For example, the With the EU and How to Fix Saul Estrin. background in the subject.’ transformation in the way policy is It. Each course is designed to This is the first time LSE has put made including the shift away from update participants on the very on a bespoke programme of open a heavy reliance on official expertise latest thinking in the field. enrolment executive style courses. to an increased focus on allaying public fears about crime. This is reflected in the fact that crime has become increasingly politicised as an issue and has become more important in election campaigns since the 1970s. The government’s official history programme, which is run by the Cabinet Office, is intended to provide authoritative histories on important events in British history and be a reliable source for historians in advance of the records being available in The National Archives. The histories are also meant to be a fund of experience for future government use.

I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 31 Big ideas captured in short films Dilemmas in social care to be tackled by new national research school LSE successfully launched a series new international order which is of films during the early months of explored by Professor David Held. Urgent questions about how Britain their working lives, whether there 2009 exploring ideas that will shape should care for the 1.25 million are better ways of commissioning Professor Bridget Hutter outlines thinking in the 21st century. adults in social care will get detailed services and whether social care the competing claims of risk and answers from a new School for meshes effectively with health care The films, which appear on The regulation on modern life and Social Care Research which opened and other services. Independent newspaper and Professor Luis Garicano gives an for business on 1 May. LSE websites, each focus on intriguing glimpse of the similar Professor Knapp, who is also an academic and their work. incentives which are at work in With a budget of £15 million over director of LSE’s Personal Social the next five years, the School will Services Research Unit, said: ‘It’s The Big Ideas series begins both financial markets and football. lead and commission research an exciting venture and one which with an exploration of death in Dr Jon Adams from LSE produced in the field, develop a sharper matters more than ever because the modern age by Professor the films. He said: ‘In these films understanding of what people of the dramatic changes in our Emily Jackson, a leading law some of LSE’s leading thinkers want from care services and population, the nature of care and professor. This is followed by a present novel and bold solutions devise a more rigorous analysis of the rising cost of providing it. film on choice, in which social to problems facing British the issues involved. ‘I hope we’ll be able to not only set policy expert Professor Julian society today. It is enormously It is a collaboration between five the highest standards of research Le Grand sets out the influence exciting to bring the work of our universities, led by Professor Martin but also make sure that our of the choice agenda on public academics to wider audiences. Knapp at LSE, who is director of the findings affect the real world and policy – and particularly on the Online distribution means we new school. The other universities address the questions to which most disadvantaged in our society. are a click away from millions of involved are the University of Kent, the public want answers. Our internet users across the world.’ Further films range from climate King’s College, London, Manchester mission is to improve care and change, with Dr Sam Fankhauser Jon produced the films in University and the University of improve people’s lives.’ explaining why economic rather conjunction with Charlie Beckett, York. The school is funded by the Although the school is a collaboration than ethical imperatives would director of POLIS – LSE’s media Government’s National Institute for between five universities it will, force the world to take action, to think tank – and the media Health Research. in time, have the flexibility to company Ember Regis. Among the questions the school will commission research from other All the films can be seen at try to answer are how users of care institutions and companies. www.lse.ac.uk/resources/ services can be given more control One of its first tasks will be to carry videoAndAudio and greater choice, how unpaid out a public consultation to help carers can find a better balance with define the areas it should investigate. New Students’ Centre Paul Krugman wins Nobel Prize Following the successful opening of the New Academic Building, the Professor Krugman, an associate Estates Division at LSE is now starting on the next phase of campus in the Centre for Economic development – the creation of a new Students’ Centre. The aim is to Performance at LSE, is an American create the best student building in the UK. economist, columnist, author and At this stage it is hoped that the new site will include a number intellectual. He is a professor of of student facing services such as the Students’ Union (SU) economics and international affairs reception, the SU advice and representation centre, the sabbatical at Princeton University and an op-ed and SU general managers offices, a café with learning space, a columnist for The New York Times. pub, large and small venue spaces, media centre, fitness centre, As a researcher he invented the interfaith prayer centre as well as a residences accommodation ‘new trade theory’ and won the office, and residences sales and marketing office. John Bates Clark Medal for the The architect led design teams, which include the lead architect, best American economist under engineers and other consultants, have been selected via a competition 40. Professor Krugman is well Professor Paul Krugman has been run through RIBA’s competitions office. LSE had an overwhelming known in academia for his work in awarded the Nobel Memorial response from 138 architects from around the world. From these, six international economics, including Prize in Economic Sciences, the architectural practices were shortlisted to produce concept designs. They trade theory, economic geography, sole awardee for 2008, for his are David Chipperfield Architects (London), O’Donnell & Toomey (Dublin), and international finance. work associated with New Trade Fielded Clegg Bradley (London), Alford Hall Monaghan Morris (London), Professor Krugman earned his BA Theory and for his analysis of trade De Rijeka Marsh Morgan (London), and AXON A/S (Copenhagen). A degree in economics from Yale patterns and location of economic decision on the winner is expected on 22 June. University in 1974 and his PhD activity. In the words of the prize degree from the Massachusetts The Estates Division have set up a website to enable staff, students, committee, ‘by having integrated Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1977. governors and alumni to vote on the shortlisted designs, which will also be economies of scale into explicit From 1982 to 1983, he spent a year displayed in room Z030, St Philips Building. The information will be available to general equilibrium models, Paul working at the Reagan White House view and vote on between 10 and 18 June. All are encouraged to have their Krugman has deepened our as a staff member of the Council of say, see: www.lse.ac.uk/collections/estatesDivision understanding of the determinants Economic Advisers. He has taught Results of the competition will also be publicised on the Estates Division of trade and the location of at Yale University, MIT, UC Berkeley, web pages. economic activity.’ LSE, and Stanford University. 32 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I LSE news

LSE people both during his time as special Student life adviser to three successive British In the Queen’s New foreign secretaries, and during his Mark Harrison, a third year Year Honours list 2009, teaching career at LSE. Anthropology student, gives a round Professor Christopher Professor Deborah up of recent life on campus. Greenwood was James, Department It’s not a bad day at LSE when the Queen shows up. awarded a knighthood of Anthropology, is Excitement was high as the academic year kicked for services to public international the first recipient of off with the grand opening of the New Academic law. Professor Greenwood left LSE’s the Elliott P Skinner Building. Whilst its name may be pretty uninspiring Department of Law at the end of Book Award of the Association the building itself caused quite a stir as we all piled in to marvel at our top January to take up a new position of Africanist Anthropology. The of the range teaching as judge of the International Court prize will be awarded annually to space. Hundreds of of Justice. Professor Anthony the book that best furthers both students showed up to Venables, an associate in the the global community of Africanist watch as the Queen took Centre for Economic Performance, scholars and the wider interests of a whistle-stop tour and was awarded a CBE. Former LSE the African continent. professor Alan Maynard received a greeted the lucky few. Professor Marie CBE for services to the NHS. Fancy ceremonies aside, Mendras has joined it has been another busy Dr Gerben Bakker, the Department year for the student body Departments of of Government as at LSE. Student protests Economic History and LSE-Sciences Po and campaigns took a front seat this year, and few could ignore the Accounting, has been Alliance Professor for an initial political climate as a group of students occupied the Old Theatre for appointed as a specialist period of two years. A specialist a week to have their say on the current situation in Gaza. The biggest adviser to the House of Lords in contemporary Russia and post- scandal of the year however came from the theft of the penguin artwork Communications Committee. He Communist transformation, she that has adorned Clare Market for a number of years. Shockwaves will advise on issues relating to the will further develop the successful were sent throughout the student body leading to tribute videos as well film industry during the Committee’s partnership between LSE and as international news coverage. Rumours abound that students from inquiry into the British film and Sciences Po, Paris. television industries. long-time rival King’s College are responsible for the vicious attack, Professor James although there are currently no leads. Dr Chaloka Beyani, Putzel, Development On the other side of the moral campus, it was a fantastic year for Department of Law, Studies, Crisis States charity as the Raising and Giving (RAG) efforts broke a whole number has been appointed an Research Centre, has of records. A big push came from the media group, which has grown international member become a member and developed enormously over the past 12 months. Pulse Radio of the Constitutional of the World Economic Forum’s celebrated ten years on air with a lavish(ish) anniversary party and Review Committee of Kenya. (WEF) Global Agenda Council on listenership skyrocketed throughout the year with the launch of an On He will serve alongside three Failed and Failing States. other international experts and Demand player. The Beaver relaunched in a new format that is not a Professor Richard six Kenyan experts. The task of million miles away from the design of The Guardian and after decades Sennett, Department in the dark the Clare Market Review staged a welcome return, making the committee is to draft a new of Sociology, has been smart and thoughtful content their new goal. constitution, harmonise national awarded the Heinrich consensus on its adoption and Whilst our inner London location means that LSE is not known for its Tessenow Medal. The carry out civic education on athletic prowess, the Athletics Union put in valuable hours of sport award which, until now, has been constitution making. (and partying) to notch up some pretty impressive results, particularly reserved for architects and designers, from the basketball team. Within the Students’ Union itself this year’s Professor Stuart honours people who have achieved sabbatical officers have been nothing if not enthusiastic, rebranding Corbridge, distinction in craft and industrial form- everything they can get their hands on: ‘Fresher’s Fair’ was deemed far Development Studies making and in teaching the culture of too 2007 and this year became ‘The Festival’. Institute, has been living and building. appointed pro-director In the world of third years the recession hasn’t quite hit our bank Lord Nicholas Stern, for research and external relations balances just yet, but has certainly hit our career IG Patel Professor and will take up the post from confidence! As a year we are collectively of Economics and 1 September 2010 for five years. terrified about the job market, but we’re hoping Government and Professor Corbridge has particular the LSE name at the top of our CV will help us chair of the Grantham expertise in governance and to weather the storm. Research Institute on Climate poverty alleviation in India. Looking back over my last three years at LSE, they Change and the Environment, is a can only be described as a real journey. The culture Maurice Fraser, vice president of the bid to bring shock when you arrive in first year hits many of us European Institute, the World Cup tournament to hard, but I think that as my time here progressed has been presented England in 2018. I really found my feet and got as much out of the with France’s highest place as I could physically handle! Academic, extra- decoration, the Legion curricular and job opportunities within the university d’honneur, for his ‘contribution are second to none. This place really is unique. I’m to intellectual understanding going to miss it. between Britain and France’,

I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 33 Research update

Economic recovery and Honey, I found bees without checking the sites out for themselves – a consensus green spending us a new hive decision is rapidly made but there assessment shows that US$400 is no guarantee that it will be the billion spent globally in the next How do honey bees collectively best, or even a good decision. 18 months on green policies and decide on a new home and Professor Christian List, LSE, said: investments, such as smarter use accurately pick the best one? ‘The honey bees’ decision procedure of electricity, will help us to deal with Research shows that the swarm’s is remarkably sophisticated. The Governments need to commit the current economic crisis, create remarkable reliability in picking swarm manages to block and $400 billion dollars to green jobs and tackle climate change.’ the best site stems from a prevent the kind of “group think” measures in their package for sophisticated interplay of individual Professor Lord Stern of Brentford, that can bedevil good decision tackling the global economic crisis in a co-author of the report, said: and collective decision making. order to address the threat of climate making. Looking at decision making ‘With billions about to be spent by Researchers from LSE, Royal change, argues a report from LSE processes in both humans and governments on energy, buildings Holloway University of London researchers on climate change. animals is very important. A good and transport, it is vital that these and Cornell University developed fundamental understanding of these The report, ‘An outline of the case for public investments do not lock us a computer model to simulate the processes can help design human a ‘green’ stimulus’, published earlier for many more decades into a costly bees’ decision making process organisations in ways that encourage this year by the Grantham Research and unsustainable high-carbon in order to look at its individual good decision making.’ Institute on Climate Change and economy. The rich industrialised components and work out why it ‘Independence and the Environment and the Centre for countries need to show leadership is so accurate. interdependence in collective Climate Change Economics and this year by committing to reduce The model shows that if the bees decision making: an agent-based Policy, examines the economic case their greenhouse gas emissions act solely independently, finding model of nest-site choice by for both fiscal stimulus packages and by at least 80 per cent by 2050, nesting sites but not advertising honeybee swarms’ is published ‘green’ expenditure. compared with 1990.’ them, it slows the process down in Philosophical Transactions Lead author Dr Alex Bowen, Download the report at dramatically and leaves the swarm of the Royal Society B and is who joined LSE last autumn from www.lse.ac.uk/collections/ homeless and vulnerable. On the available to download at rstb. the Bank of England, said: ‘Our granthamInstitute/publications.htm other hand if the bees act overly royalsocietypublishing.org/ interdependently – blindly following content/364/1518.toc Equality in Britain But health inequalities continued to the recommendations of other widen, gaps in incomes between the very top and very bottom grew, and Families are more able to work their poverty increased for working-age people without children. In several way out of poverty policy areas there was a marked contrast between the first half of the After two decades of falling social experience, on average, a 30 per New Labour period and the second mobility, people are now more able cent pay gap and women are paid half, when progress has slowed or to work their way out of poverty, 15 per cent less. Different nationalities even stalled. according to research by LSE’s experience different rates of wage Centre for Economic Performance parity, with Europeans catching up John Hills, professor of social The struggle to create a more equal and Centre for the Analysis of fastest and Asian men showing little policy at LSE and one of the Britain risks running out of steam Social Exclusion. sign of catching up at all. More recent leaders of the study, said: despite significant progress since groups of migrants have fared better, Researchers found that wage 1997, warns a study of the country’s ‘The 1980s and 1990s showed that but this is largely due to smaller pay mobility – how much a person’s social divides. The research by hoping that rapid growth in living gaps on entry into Britain, rather than earnings change from year to year LSE’s Centre for Analysis of Social standards at the top would ‘trickle faster wage growth. – has risen since 2000. Long-run Exclusion examines the Labour down’ to those at the bottom did inequality – the difference between Download a findings summary of government’s record since it not work. The period since 1997 how much the poorest and richest the report ‘The changing pattern of pledged to forge a more equal has shown that gains are possible people earn over a number of years earnings: employees, migrants and society and shows sharp contrasts through determined interventions, – has fallen. Since the late 1980s, low-paid families’ at www.jrf.org.uk between different policy areas. but they require intensive and women earners have overtaken men Notable success stories include continuous effort to be sustained.’ in achieving higher wage mobility. reductions in child and pensioner Download a findings summary of The study, which was carried out for poverty, improved education the study ‘Poverty, inequality and the Joseph Rowntree Foundation, outcomes for the poorest children policy since 1997’ at www.jrf.org. also found that when migrants and schools, and narrowing uk. A related book, Towards a first find work in Britain they earn economic and other divides more equal society?, is published significantly less than their British- between deprived and other areas. by Policy Press (see page 46). born counterparts. Male migrants

34 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I Alumni news

Message from the Alumni Association chair The biennial Alumni Association Leadership Forum takes place at LSE on 25‑27 September 2009. We’re anticipating representatives from our 71 alumni groups around the world gathering to develop further our Alumni Association. We will also elect a new Executive Committee and sub-committees and welcome your nominations. You’ll find the programme and application details on Houghton Street Online at: www.alumni.lse.ac.uk On Houghton Street Online you can: • find the latest news about LSE including public lectures and events, with video recordings and podcasts • track alumni events and reunions • participate in the mentoring programme as a mentor or mentee George Davidson Why not join 14,000 registrants who use our online Alumni community to stay in touch Chair, LSE Alumni Association with the School and with each other?

Welcome to the summer alumni news in the LSE Magazine. It has all our regular alumni features to keep you up to date with alumni news.

Spotlight on… Events and reunions

A new section in which we feature Events and reunions are a and its Consequences’. profiles of LSE’s alumni groups. great way for alumni to revisit Read more on page 38. In this edition we showcase: the School, meet up with We report on the May reunion LSE Alumni Bangladesh, Kenyan old friends and learn about for the 50 plus anniversary Friends of LSE and the Law developments at LSE. of the graduating classes of allow you to ‘reconnect, rediscover Alumni Group. We’ve introduced a new 1959 and earlier. Full write up and reunite’ with each other and alumni events programme, and photos on page 38. For more information about the School, and from now on will the Alumni Lecture Series. LSE’s alumni groups: We also update you on how we’ve use a decade based system so www.alumni.lse.ac.uk LSE director Howard been working to improve our that you can engage with many Davies gave the first lecture reunions and the reunions calendar more of your contemporaries. Select ‘Alumni groups’. on ‘The Credit Crunch from 2010 onwards. Reunions For full calendar, see page 38.

Academics abroad

We know from our conversations Dominican Republic, Ghana, India, LSE director Howard Davies with you how much you enjoy Hong Kong, Kuwait, Malaysia, visited and met alumni in meeting LSE’s academics Singapore, Sri Lanka, Switzerland Belgium, Hong Kong, Kuwait when they travel overseas. and the United States. and Switzerland. Through the Linking Up Travelling academics included For more event write ups, see Initiative, we’re working with Chris Brown, Damien Chalmers, www.alumni.lse.ac.uk the External Relations Division Mick Cox, Tim Forsyth, Ama to encourage academics Select ‘Events and reunions’, De-Graft-Aikens, Fred Halliday, then ‘Events archive’. to undertake alumni activity Danny Quah and Razeen Sally. during their overseas travel. Since the beginning of 2009, Left to right: Damien Chalmers, Mick Cox, Fred Halliday, Danny Quah academics have travelled to and met alumni in countries around the world including Bangladesh, Belgium, the

I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 35 Alumni news

together at our social mixers on the Spotlight on… Kenyan Friends of LSE last Tuesday of every month from 6.30 to 8.30pm at the Mercury Bar, The group’s primary objective is to Kenyan Friends of LSE (KFLSE) is an initiative of ABC Place, Westlands, Nairobi. All draw our Kenyan alumni community Kenyan alumni of LSE, led by the chairperson, Ami are welcome! together by creating a forum that Kotecha (BSc International Trade and Development facilitates rational, non-partisan and Committee intellectual debate on issues that 1989) and an energetic new committee. Chair: Ami Kotecha (BSc affect us all as players on the local International Trade and and global stage. In order to fulfill Development 1989) this objective, the group launched its Quarterly Economic Forum series Moyez Alibhai (BSc with a very successful panel event Economics 1981) in November 2008, discussing ‘The Peter Njuguna (MSc Operational Impact of the Global Financial Crisis Research 2002) on the Kenyan Financial Sector: strategies/solutions for mitigation Peter Oteba (MSc Environment and of the impact’. The group hopes to Development 2001, MSc Real Estate involve visiting academics and the Economics and Finance 2005) director of LSE, Howard Davies, in Dominic Rebelo (BSc Philosophy future events in this series. and Economics 2000, LLB 2005) As a broader objective, the group Noor Shariff (BSc Accounting invites a wider community that we and Finance 1977) call ‘Friends of LSE’ consisting Amar Vidyarthi (BSc of like-minded individuals from a Management 2000; MSc Media variety of professional, educational and Communications 2007) and industry backgrounds to come

Approaches to the Environment Spotlight on… LSE Alumni Association Bangladesh and Development’. The LSE Alumni Association Bangladesh was formed in 2008 and Dr Forsyth is a reader in environment and development at provides a forum for alumni to meet and network with each other. the School’s Development Studies Institute (DESTIN). His research Executive committee Events Professor Lewis is a reader in social specialises in political approaches policy in the Department of Social to environmental change and The group is led by an executive Since its formation, the group has political development; the politics of Policy and its research centre, the committee, including an Advisory undertaken a predeparture event environmental science and policy Centre for Civil Society. His research Panel, elected for a two year term for new Bangladeshi students processes with particular reference interests include social policy and works closely with the Alumni and hosted LSE academics to developing and emerging and international development; Relations team. from the Department of Social economies in East and South Asia. Policy and the Development non-governmental organisations The lecture was followed by a lively Chairman: Manzoor Hasan Studies Institute (DESTIN). (NGOs) and civil society; rural (BSc Economics 1979) development; and anthropological question and answer session, Predeparture reception: approaches to organisation and reflecting the strong interest in Secretary General: Manzur Elahi environmental issues in Bangladesh. August 2008 policy with a primary geographical (MSc Media and Communications The discussion and networking focus on Bangladesh. 2004) The group’s first event was a continued over drinks and dinner. Treasurer: Sabah Salehin Azim predeparture reception for new The event was jointly organised (MSc Finance and Economics 2006) Bangladeshi students attended by the group and the Institute of Links with students by alumni and current students. Governance Studies at BRAC Following its successful predeparture Members: Ahmad Asif (LLB The current students and alumni University, where the lecture took event attended by current students, 2000); Sarah Karim (MSc Local welcomed the new students place. The lecture was chaired the group is working actively to Economic Development 2006); on the School’s behalf, shared by group committee member improve its links with Bangladeshi Imran Rahman (BSc Economics experiences and answered Professor Imran Rahman, pro students. The committee will seek to 1981; Rubayet Tanvir (MSc questions about School life and vice chancellor of the University of develop relationships and work with Environmental Policy, Planning and living in London. Liberal Arts Bangladesh. the SU Bangladesh Society. Regulation 2005) Advisers: Chadlader Alam (MSc Faculty visit by Dr David Faculty visit by Dr Tim Membership Social Planning and Development Lewis: October 2008 Forsyth: February 2009 The group and the committee 1975); Justice Mostafa Kamal During his visit to Bangladesh in The group hosted a lecture and of alumni warmly welcome any (MSc Economics 1959) October 2008, Professor David dinner with Dr Tim Forsyth when ideas, comments, feedback and Lewis gave a lecture on ‘Crossing new members. The group can be Adviser and UK liaison: he visited Bangladesh to attend a the Boundaries between NGOs conference on climate change in contacted through www.alumni.lse. Reza Mahmud (BSc Operational and Government: data from February 2009. Dr Forsyth gave ac.uk (select ‘Alumni groups’, then Research 1983) Bangladesh, Philippines and UK’. a lecture on ‘Social and Political ‘Bangladesh’, then ‘Contact us’). 36 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I Spotlight on… LSE Lawyers’ Alumni Group

The Lawyers’ Alumni Group is the group for all LSE alumni who studied, work in or have an interest in law.

The group is the longest Annual Dinner collaborations with alumni groups established of the LSE special – February 2009 worldwide are planned. interest alumni groups, founded by The group was delighted to welcome Membership David Goldstone (LLB 1952). Over Professor Christopher Greenwood the years, the group has organised QC as guest speaker at this year’s Membership of LSE Lawyers’ Group many topical lectures and debates, Annual Dinner (pictured below). Chris is free and open to all LSE alumni featuring eminent speakers from the is one of the Law Department’s who studied, work in or have an legal profession and the LSE Law most highly respected and well-liked interest in law. The group now has Department, as well as its Annual staff, and the Dinner marked his over 1,000 members, half of whom live in the UK. To join, please use Dinner, with speakers including departure from the School, to take the membership form in the ‘Alumni Dame Elizabeth Butler- up his new position as a judge at the groups’ section of Houghton Street Sloss, Lord Goldsmith, International Court of Justice. Lord Woolf and Dame Online, or email [email protected]. Rosalyn Higgins (pictured). Law Department Committee The group’s new The group works closely with The group is steered by a focus is on networking the Law Department, and dedicated committee of alumni, and career events, which are members automatically receive a copy of the department’s which works closely with the designed to complement the Law Department and the Alumni excellent programme of public annual alumni newsletter, Ratio (pictured below), and the more Relations team. lectures and events put on regular e-Ratio updates. The current committee comprises: by the Law Department. Chair: Gauri Kasbekar-Shah Links with students Networking Reception (LLB 1999) 2008-09 has seen good links – November 2008 Mona Jain (LLB 1999) established with students from the The group’s first event of the SU Law Society, and the group Vinod Joseph (LLM 2003) academic year 2008-09 was a looks forward to organising joint Sung Hyui-Park (LLB 2005) networking reception, held in the events in 2009-10. impressive surroundings of the Shilpen Savani (LLB 1993) New Academic Building – the new International activity home of the Law Department. The committee very much welcomes In recent months the Lawyers’ Group suggestions or comments from Over 120 alumni, students and staff has been working closely with the members – please email info@lselag. attended, and the evening featured Legal Group of LSE’s US alumni org. We look forward to seeing you tours of the building, the chance to organisation, the AFLSE, on events at one of our events soon! watch a moot in the new Moot Court in New York. As half of the group’s room, and live jazz performed by members live outside the UK, further members of the SU Law Society.

Lawyers’ Alumni Group Annual Dinner – February 2009

I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 37 Alumni events

and public policy issues that subsequent efforts to address Cyprus alumni event inform the School’s teaching it, at the inaugural alumni lecture – November 2009 and research agenda. Each of the LSE Alumni Lecture Over 200 alumni attended the lecture will be followed by Series on Thursday 19 February LSE Alumni Association of Cyprus a networking reception. 2009 in our New Academic alumni reception on Friday All alumni working in London Building. Over 110 alumni and 7 November 2009 at the Four will receive an invitation to the guests returned to LSE for the Seasons Hotel in Limassol. lecture, chaired by economist Lecture Series, though all alumni The event was hosted by the former and writer Philippe Legrain (BSc are welcome to attend. To finance minister Michael Sarris (BSc Economics 1995; MSc Politics ensure that you are invited to the Economics 1967) who welcomed all of the World Economy 1996). Lecture Series please update the alumni to the event. Sir Stelios your business address details After a lively hour and a half of Haji-Ioannou (BSc Economics 1987) Alumni lecture series on Houghton Street Online. discussion and debate, alumni then spoke to guests about his In February 2009, the Alumni decamped to the eighth floor of the time at LSE and the scholarships Events team were delighted to Inaugural alumni lecture New Academic Building where they which he supports for students to introduce the Alumni Lecture ‘A Shakespearian tragedy were able to network with fellow attend LSE. He was delighted to Series, a programme of four in five acts – subprime, alumni during the reception and enjoy welcome one of the first students lectures which will take place liquidity, unravelling, the views of the London skyline. of the scholarship to the event. throughout the year at LSE. meltdown and pumping.’ A podcast and copy of the A good time was had by all The lectures will feature the This was LSE director Howard presentation can be found on and everyone expressed the expertise of LSE alumni and Davies’ characterisation of the Houghton Street Online. willingness to hold another academics on the key domestic unfolding of the credit crunch and event in the near future. Reunions

Alumni Reunions are all about The reunions will be run on a you and LSE, allowing you to decade based system so that ‘reconnect, rediscover and reunite’ you can engage with more at these very special gatherings. of your contemporaries: Over the past ten years LSE 2010 – Classes of 2000-2009 has made the Alumni Reunions 2011 – Classes of 1990-1999 a major part of the Alumni Relations Programme, bringing 2012 – Classes of 1980-1989 alumni back to the School to 2013 – Classes of 1970-1979 not only connect with their 2014 – Classes of 1960-1969 friends and contemporaries but also their alma mater. There will be two reunions a year which will be held in July and As we enter a new Reunion September. The July Reunion cycle (2010-2014) the reunions will be for the first five years of have been revamped so that the decade while the September each alumnus/a will be invited Reunion will be for the second back to LSE every five years to five years of the decade, ie, the attend their reunion. Under the July 2010 Reunion will be for the Top: Networking reception in the New Academic Building after the Inaugural Alumni Lecture theme of ‘reconnect, rediscover, graduates of 2000-2004 and the Bottom right: Sir Stelios Haji-Ioannou and Michael Sarris at the Cyprus alumni reception reunite’, our new reunions will September 2010 Reunion will be Bottom left: Cyprus alumni reception in November feature more activities including for the graduates of 2005-2009. various panel discussions so that you can, once again, Following the ‘50 Plus’ Reunion FURTHER INFORMATION experience the LSE atmosphere. in May 2009, we will be reviewing the 50th Anniversary reunions and If you are interested in becoming involved with your reunion or have decades before, later in the year. any queries about the LSE Alumni Reunions and Events, please contact Nick Gilbert, events and reunions manager, via n.gilbert@lse. We look forward to seeing ac.uk or +44 (0)20 7852 3640. you at your reunion.

38 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I Where are they now?

1994 2000 Where are they now? Martin Lewis (BSc Government and Law), was the most searched- This section allows alumni to share details of their latest news and for personality by UK internet users achievements – for many more, please see the Class Notes section during the 12 weeks ending on Houghton Street Online, www.alumni.lse.ac.uk 3 January 2009, according to data from Hitwise, the leading online Wherever possible, we list the details of an individual’s degree(s) competitive intelligence service. followed by the subject and the year of graduation: eg John Smith Martin’s ‘consumer revenge’ (BSc Economic History 1980). House style is to list simply BSc/MSc website www.moneysavingexpert. Haroon Sharif (MSc Development without the additional Econ. com was created in February Management) has been elected Where we have no record of the subject, we list the known department, 2003 and now has over five million as a member of the Executive and if we do not have this information, we list what we have, eg BSc users a month. He makes regular Committee (the Board) of the Econ. Alumni in this section are listed under the year in which they first TV and radio appearances, and World Bank’s Consultative Group left LSE, with additional degrees included in their entry. now has his own weekly prime- to Assist the Poor (www.cgap. time TV show, It Pays To Watch. org). CGAP is the apex multilateral forum which works on developing and California, in diverse technology 1969 inclusive financial markets and areas including medical devices, 1995 Penny Williams (Diploma in financial sector regulation. consumer products, internet and Alexander Evans (BSc International Social Administration; Diploma The elections of the Executive computer products, semiconductor Relations) has been selected as a in Social Work Studies 1972) Committee members are based on fabrication and telecommunications. Yale World Fellow for 2009. The has been appointed as a deputy candidates’ professional standing Fellowship Program aims to build lieutenant for Hertfordshire, in the area of financial sector a global network of emerging assisting the work of the lord 1990 development. He is currently leaders and to broaden international lieutenant, the Queen’s personal working as a senior adviser (Private understanding worldwide, and representative in the county. and Financial Sector Development) each year brings together a select to the UK’s Department for group for a four month leadership 1975 International Development (DFID). programme at Yale. Alexander is a career diplomat in the UK Foreign Office currently posted in 2003 Pakistan, and a Gwilym Gibbon Christian Thimann (MSc Fellow at Nuffield College Oxford. Economics) has been appointed counsellor to the president and 1996 coordinator of the counsel to the Dr Ridwan Zachrie (MSc executive board at the European Samuel Itam (MSc Econ) has Economic History) is managing Central Bank (ECB) in Frankfurt, been elected a member of the director of PT Recapital Advisors, Germany. After having worked for executive board at the International based in Jakarta, Indonesia. He Adrian Travis (MSc Industrial a few years at the International Monetary Fund (IMF), representing was recently selected as one of Relations) has co-founded Trindent Monetary Fund, he joined the ECB 21 African countries on the board. the Indonesian delegates for the (www.trindent.com), a management in 1998 shortly after its foundation. His 32-year career with the IMF prestigious Asia-Pacific Young consultancy conducting business included serving as resident Business Leader Summit in in Toronto and Tokyo. Adrian has representative in Bangladesh 1992 Tokyo, and also won an award five years’ experience with a major (1984-86) and senior resident in the business category at the strategy consulting firm under his representative in Kenya (2001- UK Alumni Awards Gala Dinner. belt, and has conducted successful 04), as well as leading missions turnaround engagements with clients to many Pacific Island countries, 1998 such as Manulife, Oticon, DHL, Duke the Caribbean and Africa. He Liliana Hiris (MSc in Political Energy, Skillsoft and Ritz Carlton retired from the staff of the IMF Economy of Transition in Europe) Hotels LLC. in 2007, on his appointment as has been appointed as the first economic adviser in the office of honorary consul of Romania in the president of Sierra Leone. Lynne Katzmann (PhD Social Scotland, based in Aberdeen, Policy and Administration) where she also teaches in the 1989 founded Juniper Communities, Department of Accounting, a national owner-operator of Finance and Economics of Thomas Kohler (LLM) has joined assisted living and skilled nursing the Robert Gordon University. the Intellectual Property Law centres, 20 years ago. The Her role as consul includes Practice Group at Downs Rachlin company has recently been representing the interests of Martin, PLLC, a US law firm with included at number 19 in the Romania within the economic, seven offices in Vermont, New Crain’s New York Business list technical and scientific domains Hampshire and New York. He has of the New York area’s largest and fostering stronger relations practised patent and trademark law women-owned companies. between Romania and the UK. for more than 20 years in New York

I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 39 2004 Rapid resumé

Shqipe Mjekiqi (MSc Politics and Government in the European Union 2007) works in the office of the president of Kosovo, as political adviser for European integration.

What have been the highlights of Gloriana Guillen (MSc your career so far? Management of NGOs 2004) is the On completing the programme, communications and marketing I returned to my role working for manager of Pro Mujer (www. the president of Kosovo, then six promujer.org), a microfinance months later was promoted to my and women’s development current position as political adviser organisation that gives poor for European integration. It has women in Latin America access been fascinating to experience the to loans, savings accounts, independence of Kosovo during healthcare and business training. this time – a lot of important events Prior to Pro Mujer, Gloriana await Kosovo as it moves forward worked for Oxfam Great Britain, as an independent country. I Discovery Channel Global Education Partnership and have also started lecturing at the Costa Rican Channel 4 News. American University in Kosovo, first as a teaching assistant in politics 2005 and public policy and now as a lecturer in comparative politics. Ali Oveissi (MSc in Comparative Politics) has recently launched What are your plans for DistrictFile.com, a social the future? networking website for I am currently doing a three month people involved in politics, fellowship programme learning government and policy. Its aim French and further developing is to become the UN of political my practical EU knowledge in networking and membership Brussels. In the future I hope to already includes a number of study for a PhD and to develop my LSE students and alumni. What led you to study at LSE? What do you most remember teaching role, and I know that I will discover new things I want to do 2004 and 2005 I was looking for a university from your time at the School? along the way. I am keen to make abroad which offered a master’s I remember every moment of my Brothers Amir Oveissi (MSc in my contribution to Kosovo’s path programme in EU Studies, time there. I remember the great Comparative Politics 2004) and Ali to EU integration and as such I will as I had gained a scholarship discussions in class with students Oveissi (MSc Comparative Politics always follow the process closely. from the European Agency for from all over the globe. It was 2005) have recently launched There is so much need for people Reconstruction in Kosovo. I especially interesting to hear the DistrictFile.com, a social networking there who will take on these knew of LSE’s reputation from opinions on the European Union of website for people involved in responsibilities and bring their friends: a leading university with those from other continents. And, politics, government and policy. Its experiences of other countries a great master’s course on EU of course, I cannot forget the hours aim is to become the UN of political back home. networking and membership already politics and government, with spent researching and studying highly respected professors in the Library, which created a includes a number of LSE alumni Any advice for LSE in the area of EU integration. great environment for study. I also and students. Interested alumni students today? should send an email with a few Moreover, LSE offered many remember the Students’ Union LSE offers great opportunities lines detailing their professional opportunities outside the Friday night gatherings and many to students but it is really up to experience to [email protected]. course, such as public lectures events organised by students from with world leaders and experts different countries, as well as post- them to make the most of the in different areas, an active class drinks at the George, which experience by grasping these campus social life, careers fairs provided a great way to continue opportunities, especially for and internship programmes. discussions after seminars. I also students on master’s courses, I also thought that studying remember the landmark moments, most of which are only one in the heart of London would including the joy and the cheers year long. They have made a give me the opportunity to of the graduates at December’s great choice by studying at discover Britain and its cultural graduation ceremony. It’s already LSE and that will be rewarding and natural beauties. My been two years since I completed throughout their lifetime. LSE expectations were met from the the programme, but every memory will absolutely transform them moment I started at the School. is still as fresh. personally and professionally.

40 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I Where are they now?

INTERNATIONAL Around the groups GROUPS AUSTRIA In late March, 20 alumni attended For full reports from LSE alumni groups around the world, as an exclusive event and guided tour well as upcoming events, please see Houghton Street Online at at the Austian Parliament, hosted by Barbara Prammer, president www.lse.ac.uk/alumni of the Austrian National Council. Guest of honour was Professor Norbert Leser (1958), the first full Want to join a SPECIAL INTEREST GROUPS professor of political science in special interest or Austria, and alumni took part in a LSE Global Real Estate Group LSE Media Group international group? lively discussion about parliament LSE GREG is a global, special The LSE Media Group held its and politics. Please see Houghton Street interest alumni group which first networking event in March, Online (www.alumni.lse.ac.uk) fosters business relationships in the impressive surroundings BELGIUM for details of all our groups, In Brussels in March, the LSE Alumni among LSE alumni practising of the eighth floor of the New or contact us via alumni@lse. Association Belgium launched its real estate, while bettering real Academic Building. Special guest ac.uk or +44 (0)20 7955 7361. Advisory Board in the presence estate as an asset class. The speaker was Richard Porter, head group has regional contacts in of LSE director Howard Davies, Can’t find an alumni group of BBC World News, who spoke every continent and is growing its who delivered a keynote lecture in your country or on your about media convergence and the country networks, with members entitled ‘The Credit Crunch and its special interest? editorial implications. from all aspects of property. Consequences’. The event was If you would like to start a new The event was a great success, generously hosted Her Excellency 2008-09 has seen regular meetings alumni group, please send us attracting over 70 attendees from all Dr Rachel Aron, British ambassador in London and Paris, events in your ideas by email to alumni. generations and all media sectors, to Belgium, at her residence. North America and Asia, and [email protected], or call as well as a good number of presence at MIPIM in Cannes The new Advisory Board will harness +44 (0)20 7955 7361. students from the Department of and EXPO Real in Munich. the advice and expertise of highly Media and Communications, which Meetings debate shifts in market accomplished and respected former generously sponsored the event. practice, break conventional value diplomats and decision makers models and explore arbitrage By popular demand, the LSE to guide the work of the Belgian opportunities where possible, Media Group will now be holding Alumni Association. For the full list with recent topics including an more networking events in 2009. of members, and all the latest news, analysis of the US Hotel/Resort Membership of the group is free see www.lsealumni.be. Market, opportunities in the La to all alumni – please see the LSE CANADA Défense district of Paris and Sri Media Group pages on Houghton In early April, the Toronto Chapter Lankan business and real estate. Street Online. of the Canadian Friends of the Membership is free for all LSE LSE (CFLSE) co-hosted a speaker Top: LSE Media Group networking event UK GROUP Bottom: Cyprus alumni event alumni and students actively event at the University of Toronto, Midlands Friends of LSE practising real estate. For more on the subject of ‘Worlds Beyond The Friends’ AGM took place at information on membership, Our Own: how will the economic forthcoming events and past Worcestershire County Cricket crisis affect global politics?’. More webcasts, please see www. Club in February, with three than 30 LSE alumni attended lsegreg.com or contact the excellent speakers on the recent the event, joining alumni from president, James Walton (MSc US Election. We were also pleased Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard, Real Estate, Economics and to be joined by Charlotte Armah, Princeton and Yale. For information Finance 1999), at james@ LSE’s head of alumni relations. about CFLSE Toronto events, south40capital.com. Events planned for later in please contact Greg Sullivan (LLM 2009 include visits to the BBC 2004) at [email protected]. TV studios in Birmingham, CYPRUS the Fire Service College More than 200 alumni and friends in Moreton-in-Marsh and attended an LSE reception in Morgan Motors in Malvern. Limassol in November 2008, as Full details will be sent to part of efforts by a new committee members as events are finalised, to relaunch the Cyprus LSE Alumni and posted on Houghton Street Association, which had been an active force in previous years Online. If you would like to join under the leadership of Michael us, please contact our honorary Colocassides (BSc Economics secretary, Margaret Griffiths, on 1955) and Azia Economidou (BSc 01886 853543 or at griffiths958@ Management Sciences 1991). btinternet.com. The event was hosted by former

I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 41 Clockwise from the top: German Friends of LSE AGM; Czech Republic Alumni Association event; Cherie Blair with alumni in Hong Kong; Professor Fred Halliday with alumni in Dominican Republic finance minister Michael Sarris in February, and organised the Africa and Ukraine. The Friends are 1988, PhD Government 1993) from (BSc Economics 1967), featured country’s first ever alumni event. grateful to Frank Mattern (General the Department of International special guest speaker Stelios Haji- Course 1985) and McKinsey for Relations spoke about the impact GERMANY Ioannou (BSc Industry and Trade generously hosting this event. of the financial crisis on world trade. The German Friends of LSE’s annual 1987), founder of easyGroup, Next, Professor Danny Quah, head meeting took place in Munich in GREECE and was generously sponsored of the Department of Economics, October, organised by Olav Blasberg The Hellenic LSE Alumni by Cyprus Development gave a dinner lecture entitled ‘Global (General Course 1989, MSc Politics Association held a panel debate Bank, Demstar, Politis and Impact of the Financial Crisis’. and Government of Western Europe in April entitled ‘Globalisation and PricewaterhouseCoopers. Then, in April, the Alumni and 1991). The weekend included a the News’, which was a huge Friends were delighted to welcome CZECH REPUBLIC lecture by Dr Stefan Bergheim, senior success. The debate featured special guest Cherie Blair (LLB The Czech Republic Alumni economist at Deutsche Bank, the two LSE speakers – Charlie 1975), who spoke about her time Association organised a successful election of the board for the next Beckett, director, POLIS and at LSE and family bonds with Hong pre-Christmas party at the Centre two years and plenty of time for Lilie Chouliaraki, professor in Kong. Mrs Blair was introduced by for Economic Research and networking and sightseeing. the Department of Media and Graduate Education (CERGE), Communications – as well Justice Robert Ribeiro (LLB 1971, In Frankfurt in December, around at which alumni were able to as speakers from the BBC, LLM 1972), and was very happy to 50 alumni came together for an meet with current LSE students Al-Jazeera and Kathimerini. take questions from alumni, and also event with guest speaker Steffen returning to the Czech Republic for sign copies of her new book. The Seibert (General Course 1985), HONG KONG the winter holidays. evening was a great success. news anchorman of TV channel The LSE Alumni and Friends started DOMINICAN REPUBLIC ZDF. He is also a member of the the year with two very successful ITALY Professor Fred Halliday (MSc advisory council of UNICEF, and his events with LSE academics. First, In December, LSE alumni in International History 1985) presentation detailed his experiences Dr Razeen Sally (BSc Government Rome held a dinner and AGM visited the Dominican Republic of the work it does with children in 1987, MSc International Relations with guest speaker Dr Mario

42 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I Around the groups

Morcone, head of the Department gave a fascinating insight into downtown social gatherings for Migration and Civil Liberties at the brewing process, as well as in conjunction with the AFLSE Italy’s Interior Ministry, who spoke recommending different beers to Financial Services Group. about ‘Migration in Italy: real facts go with the hearty buffet that was Washington DC beyond propaganda’. served, and alumni who attended In October, over 250 AFLSE Then, in February, alumni were had a suitably cheerful time. members and guests attended a invited to the residence of SRI LANKA reception at the splendid residence Ambassador Edward Chaplin Dr Razeen Sally (BSc Government of the British ambassador, Sir CMG, OBE, continuing the long 1987; MSc International Relations Nigel Sheinwald. In his welcome lasting cooperation between 1998; PhD Government 1993), address, the ambassador the UK Embassy in Rome and senior lecturer in the Department remarked on the distinguished LSE alumni in Italy. The event of International Relations, was place of LSE, the number of featured guest speaker Dr Roger guest of honour at an event in alumni who have become Nobel Liddle, visiting fellow at the LSE February, and shared memories of laureates, and its association European Institute and former his childhood in Sri Lanka as well with two American presidents: adviser of José Barroso and Tony as news from LSE. The event took ‘John F Kennedy and Josiah Blair, who spoke on ‘Economic Top: LSE chairman Peter Sutherland with place in the panoramic setting of Bartlett’! AFLSE is very grateful to Japanese alumni Crisis: a threat or an opportunity? the Galle Face Hotel. Patricia Stockton, who initiated Bottom two: LSE Alumni Association of The EU, globalisation and a new and organised the event. Singapore events international architecture’. USA Boston JAPAN The AFLSE Boston Chapter was During his visit to Tokyo in April, delighted to start the year with a alumni from the LSE Society Leadership Luncheon series, which Japan met with LSE’s chairman, included lively and imaginative Peter Sutherland, at a lunch discussion around the downturn, hosted by the Society’s leaders ways to help the local economy and Yasushi Shiina (BSc International influence policy, how technology Relations 1993) and Yumi Inada can help increase efficiency, and (Diploma Industrial Relations many other topics. The chapter also 2000). Peter talked of the latest holds socials every third Thursday, news and developments at LSE, featuring dart games and pub and there was lively discussion quizzes in a setting very reminiscent about how much more open Japan has become to foreign of a traditional London pub. business over the past decade. Los Angeles KOSOVO The Los Angeles AFLSE chapter In October 2008, the LSE Alumni has a growing, active membership Association of Kosovo was with many social events including established, with around 20 a regular drinks mixer on the third members and Dardan Velija (MSc Thursday of each month. If any European Politics and Governance) alumni or faculty of LSE are visiting as the current president. Los Angeles, do get in touch via [email protected]. NORWAY The second AGM of the New York Norwegian LSE Alumni Association Recent events in New York have took place in January in Oslo, with included a holiday season social a guest lecture from entrepreneur in December and a lively panel and investor Wollert Hvide, discussion in February, entitled ‘The followed by supper and drinks. Obama Presidency and the World’. A new board was selected, The latter event was organised by comprising chair Caroline Knudsen the LSE Foundation and hosted (MSc Organisational and Social by Cahill, Gordon & Reindel LLP, Psychology 1997), Mona Larsen and featured academics from (MSc Operational Research 2004), the Department of International Vidar Løhre (LLM 2005) and Jens Relations: Professor Chris Brown, Laurits Nielsen (MSc ADMIS 2004). Professor Christopher Coker, SINGAPORE Professor Michael Cox and Dr Andrew Walter. The LSE Alumni Association of Singapore held a successful beer The New York AFLSE chapter also appreciation event in February, at remains active, with monthly the Archipelago Brewing Company. ‘7 O’Clock Club’ mixers in The resident brewmaster, Fal Allen, midtown Manhattan and monthly

I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 43 Obituaries

The School is sad to report the deaths of the following alumni and staff. There is now a dedicated alumni tributes page which can be found in the news section at: www.lse.ac.uk/alumni

Barry, Professor Brian. Brian Highly regarded in Hampshire Institute in Florence, University of of Politics (1958), In Defence of Barry was professor of political by all political parties for her Manchester and King’s College Politics (1962), The Reform of science, LSE (1987-98) and Lieber intelligence, integrity, humour and London. Throughout his career, Parliament (1964) and George professor of political philosophy good judgement, she was made he played a prominent part in the Orwell: a life (1980), and he at Columbia University, New York deputy lieutenant of Hampshire development of European labour was editor of Political Quarterly (1998-2005). Professor Barry and a freeman of Eastleigh, and law, and in 1996 wrote European from 1966 to 1980. He died in was the author of the influential was also a cookery book writer, Labour Law. In his early years, he December 2008, aged 79. Political Argument (1965) which a competent watercolourist and was active in the cause of trade Hajnal, Professor John, re-established an interest in politics a dedicated world traveller. In union education, and later was statistician. Dr Celia Phillips writes: that was lost in 20th century 1992, it emerged that part of a a key adviser to the European ‘Listed in numerous publications philosophy. He challenged the 13th century Jewish cemetery Trade Union Confederation. He variously as demographer, idea that there was nothing to be lay beneath the family home in died in August 2008, aged 60. economic historian, mathematician said about political values and Winchester; her interest aroused, Bines, Hazel (BSc Econ and statistician, John Hajnal also principles, and sought to explain she took an MA in Medieval 1970), educationalist. Hazel found time to look at questions and justify how we might reach History at the University of Bines trained and worked as of educational planning in the reasonable conclusions about Southampton, and researched and a teacher in Sheffield, and her UK. He was indeed a polymath. them. Forty-four years on, Political wrote a book based on a female master’s thesis at the University of His early career included stints Argument is still a compendium 13th century Jewish financier. She Sheffield examined an assessment at the Royal Commission on of how we conceptualise, developed lymphoma in 1987 centre for young offenders. Population, the United Nations analyse and defend claims about and was in and out of treatment She later completed a PhD at and Princeton University, where democracy, power and justice. for the following 21 years; she the University of Oxford, before he studied mathematics, his His book, Why Social Justice died in June 2008, aged 75.’ moving into teacher education great passion. He joined LSE’s Matters (2005), directed Bartlett, Professor at the then Oxford Polytechnic, Department of Statistics in 1957, disapproval at both New Labour Christopher (PhD International and later becoming a professor and remained there until his and political philosophy for failing History 1956), historian. and head of teacher education retirement in 1986. He became a to engage with political science Christopher Bartlett’s career at Northumbria University. In fellow of the British Academy in and social policy. As the world in international history took 1999, she joined the Department 1966 and was a member of the moved to the right, Barry stayed him briefly to the University of for International Development International Statistical Institute. where he was. He saw part of his Edinburgh and the University of as a senior education adviser in His earliest research work had vocation as the defence of that the West Indies, before he joined Pakistan and then Ethiopia, and focused on fertility rates and position from communitarianism the University of Dundee in 1962, carried out key research for World family formation in Europe and the and multiculturalism, the latter of where he was appointed reader in Vision UK on the inclusion of ‘Hajnal line’, which divides Europe which had been the subject of 1968 and professor of international disabled children in education. She into two main areas according his Culture and Equality (2000). history in 1978, and remained died in October 2008, aged 59. to likely age of marriage, is still He was an inventor of the until his retirement. He published Crick, Sir Bernard (PhD 1956), used today. In 1972 he wrote The professional role of political widely on international history and political theorist. While studying Student Trap, which examined theorist, combining philosophical Britain’s long-term decline, with for his PhD, Bernard Crick taught the consequences of the narrow argument with the lessons of works including Great Britain and at North American universities – educational system encouraged by the social sciences. His interests Sea Power 1815-53, History of Harvard, Massachusetts, McGill sixth form A levels. His final paper, were social policy, social and Post-War Britain and The Global and Berkeley – before returning published in the LSE Statistical rational-choice theory, voting Conflict: the international rivalry to LSE in 1957 as assistant series of monographs in 1998, systems and democratic politics. of the Great Powers 1880-1990. lecturer, and later lecturer and was on the theory of Markov He died in March 2009, aged 72. He died in July 2008, aged 76. senior lecturer, in the Department chains. John was a generous colleague whom former students Bartlet, Suzanne (née Brilliant) Bercusson, Professor Brian of Government. He stayed at the and colleagues remember with (BSc Sociology 1956, Mental (LLB 1969), legal scholar. Brian School for eight years, before affection.’ Professor Hajnal died Health Certificate 1959), councillor. Bercusson moved from LSE to moving to become professor of in November 2008, aged 84. Her husband, Leslie, writes: ‘Sue complete a PhD at the University political theory and institutions at was a student counsellor at the of Cambridge. This was followed the University of Sheffield, then Harris, Professor Olivia (PhD University of Southampton for 17 by a long academic career which professor of politics at Birkbeck Anthropology 1975), professor of years, and county councillor for included posts at Christ’s College, College, where he stayed from anthropology, LSE. Olivia Harris 17 years, including serving as the Cambridge, Brunel University, 1971 until early retirement in taught in research institutes and first Labour and first woman chair Queen Mary, University of 1984. His most notable books universities worldwide, most of Hampshire County Council. London, the European University include The American Science notably Goldsmiths, University of

44 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I Obituaries

London, where she co-founded class BA (hons) in English from became involved in the anti- Colin, writes: ‘The spirit of high the Anthropology department the University of Natal in 1958, apartheid movement, through the adventure, comradeship and good in 1986. She returned to LSE in and then a PhD in History in 1962. African National Congress and the humour – these were the aims 2005, as head of the Department She then lectured in history at African Resistance Movement. of the Half Crown Club, founded of Anthropology. She was the University of Cape Town until He fled South Africa for England by Alan and other singlehanded an eminent anthropologist of 1964, when she was detained by in 1964, later moving back to transatlantic sailors – and it was Latin America who specialised the South African authorities for Africa, living with his wife in also the spirit that animated his in Highland Bolivia. Her work her anti-apartheid activities. Upon Botswana, Sudan and Swaziland, life. After graduation from LSE, addressed a range of issues her release, May and her family and finally back to South Africa he eventually established his including gender, household, travelled to the UK where she when the apartheid regime ended own, very successful company, kinship, feminist theory, remained for the rest of her life. in the mid-1990s. He died in specialising in health software. law, money and economic Her academic career carried on at December 2008, aged 79. This enabled him to take up anthropology, symbolism the University of Leicester where Ryburn, Murray (MSc Social singlehanded sailing after his rugby and ritual, and in 2006 she she worked from 1966 until shortly Policy 1981), social worker and days were over, and he crossed co-authored a major study of before her retirement in 1990. After academic. Having worked in the the Atlantic 11 times, three of Inka rule and Spanish conquest a spell in the History Department, emerging discipline of residential them on his own. Only a capsize in Bolivia. Olivia’s work addressed May joined the Centre for Mass social careers for young women, near Tasmania, with a resulting broad issues which cut across Communication Research and Murray Ryburn’s career in social punctured lung and broken ribs, disciplines: she worked on the later worked at the Primary work continued after his master’s prevented him from completing interface between anthropology Communications Research at LSE, and flourished when the Vendée Globe round the world and history and explored the Centre, becoming its assistant he returned to his native New race. Alan lived life to the full, nature of historical change, the director before founding the Zealand in 1983. He later came throwing himself into whatever impact of significant change on Office For Humanities Research back to the UK, first working in he did with zest and passion, those who experienced it and of which she was director. She Croydon and then taking up a inspiring great loyalty and affection, the myth making and historical died in 2008, aged 80, and is lecturing post at the University and was the proud father of four narratives of later generations; she survived by her two children. of Birmingham, where he went children from two marriages. He also worked on post-colonialism Morawetz, Buster (BSc Econ on to become director of social died in November 2008, aged 67.’ and notions of citizenship in 1950), tax inspector. Buster work courses. At Birmingham, Trenaman, Mervyn (MSc Latin America. She died in April, Morawetz, a retired senior he pursued his research in the Planning Studies 1970). aged 60; a tributes page has inspector of taxes, devoted family field of adoption, writing Open Classmate Michael Lang writes: been set up on the Department man and long time participating Adoption: research, theory and ‘I send the sad news that Mervyn of Anthropology website, at member of LSE’s Muddied Oafs practice, and Contested Adoption: Trenaman died on 11 November www.lse.ac.uk/anthropology. and Flannelled Fools, died in research, law, policy and practice. 2008, aged 87. A man of great Henry, Harry (BSc Econ 1937), December 2008, aged 82. In 1998, he returned with his intellectual curiosity and great market researcher. Harry Henry family to New Zealand. He died Rubinstein, Vladimir (LLB charm, he will be sorely missed started his career with Colman in October 2008, aged 59. 1940), linguist. Vladimir Rubinstein, by his classmates and friends.’ Prentis and Varley, which he rejoined whose family had left Estonia for Scrivens, Professor Ellie , economist. after the Second World War as Germany just after the creation (PhD Social Policy 1984), health Walters, Sir Alan research manager, before moving of the Soviet Union, and later fled policy researcher. After completing Alan Walters joined LSE in 1967 in 1954 to advertising agency the Nazis in the 1930s, completed her PhD at the School, Ellie as the Sir Ernest Cassel Professor McCann-Erickson, as director of his degree in Cambridge, to Scrivens worked as lecturer in of Economics, and over the research. He then founded Marplan, which LSE had moved during public sector management at following nine years played an which became a major research the Second World War. His London Business School, then integral role within the Department agency, and through which he superlative language skills meant researcher and senior researcher of Economics. He left in 1976 to further developed his research that he soon became integral to in the health services development join Johns Hopkins University, methodologies. In 1961 he joined the BBC’s war time monitoring research unit at Bath University, and it was from here that he was Thomson as director of marketing. In service, based in camouflaged before joining Keele University seconded for two years (1981- 1970, he became editor-in-chief of huts in the grounds of a stately in 1993 as professor of health 83) as full-time economic adviser Admap, as well as co-founding the home near Evesham. After the policy. Her wide ranging research to Margaret Thatcher, the role quarterly Food & Drink Forecast. He war, the BBC Monitoring Service on health policy included two for which he is best known. His was a visiting professor of marketing moved to Caversham Park, near books, Accreditation (1995) involvement with the Conservative at the University of Bradford and Reading, and Vladimir Rubinstein and Quality, Risk and Control party’s economic policy had Cranfield Institute of Technology. contributed to its development and in Healthcare (2005), both of begun in the early 1970s, and He died in November, aged 92. success over the next 30 years. which won the Baxter prize of the when Thatcher became party Katzen, Dr May (née Bitensky, He was awarded an MBE in 1973. European Health Management leader in 1975 he worked closely MA International History 1955), He died in October 2008, aged 91. Association. In 1999, she was with her to draft the economic historian. Before coming to LSE in Russell, Martin (Certificate in commissioned to establish the policies which were put into effect 1951, May Katzen gained a first Social Science and Administration NHS controls assurance support after her election in 1979. He class BA (hons) in History from 1955), anti-apartheid campaigner. unit, which later became the also returned for a second stint the University of Witwatersrand, Martin Russell worked as a healthcare standards unit. She as full-time economic adviser for followed by an MA in the same social worker in the East End of died in October 2008, aged 54. four months in 1989. He died subject. On returning to South London, before emigrating to Thomas, Alan Wynne in January 2009, aged 82. Africa after LSE, she gained a first South Africa in 1955, where he (BSc Econ 1962). His brother, I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 45 LSE authors Recent books by LSE academics – more at www.lse.ac.uk

Castro: profiles in Pavlov’s Dogs and Two Suns in the power series Schrödinger’s Cat: tales Heavens: the Sino- Sebastian Balfour from the living laboratory Soviet struggle for Rom Harré supremacy, 1962-1967 Pearson (3rd edition) Sergey Radchenko 232pp £16.99 p/b Oxford University Press 288pp £16.99 h/b Stanford University Press For almost 50 years, Fidel Castro was one of 288pp £60.95 h/b the most controversial political figures in the From the sheep, dog and cockerel that were sent world. This fully revised third edition provides aloft in Montgolfier’s balloon, to Galvani’s frog’s The author’s authoritative account shows how the first full retrospective of Castro’s remarkable legs, Dolly the sheep, the finches of the Galapagos, the intrinsic inequality of the Sino-Soviet alliance career right up to his illness and withdrawal and even imaginary cats and simulated life forms, – seen as entirely natural by the Russians but from power in February 2008. this book explores the fascinating history of the role bitterly resented by the Chinese – resulted in its of living things in science. ultimate collapse. Internet-Mediated Participation Beyond Towards a More Equal Perceptions in Litigation the Nation State Society? Poverty, and Mediation: lawyers, Bart Cammaert inequality and defendants, plaintiffs, policy since 1997 and gendered parties Manchester University Press Eds: John Hills, Kitty Tamara Relis 224pp £60 h/b Stewart with Tom Sefton Cambridge University Press This book addresses how to bridge the Policy Press 304pp £60.65 h/b perceived gap between citizens and democratic 432pp £65 h/b £22.99 p/b institutions. It examines internet mediated Grounded in interpretive theory and offering multi-stakeholder processes of international and When New Labour came to power in 1997, its interdisciplinary insights from sociological, regional organisations – the European Union leaders asked for it to be judged after ten years psychological, and gender studies, this book and United Nations – which aim to democratise on its success in making Britain ‘a more equal addresses the question: how do professional, lay, decision making processes. society’. This book asks whether Britain has and gendered actors understand and experience indeed moved in that direction. case processing in litigation and mediation? The Limits of Europeanization: reform A Good Childhood: The Future of EMU capacity and policy searching for values Ed: Leila Simona Talani conflict in Greece in a competitive age Kevin Featherstone, Palgrave Macmillan Richard Layard 224pp £55 h/b Dimitris Papadimitriou with Judy Dunn Bringing together established experts, this book Palgrave Macmillan Penguin provides a comprehensive interdisciplinary 240pp £55 h/b 256pp £9.99 p/b perspective on the issues expected to face EMU The author presents an in depth study of the This book, which is a result of a two year over the next few decades and proposes solutions limits of Europeanisation – the blockages to investigation by the Children’s Society, explores to the challenges which may arise. It assesses the reform at the domestic level when faced with future impact of EMU on areas such as trade and the main stresses and influences to which every adaptation to EU policies – and is one of the fiscal policy, political union and labour markets. child is exposed – family, friends, youth culture, most extensive empirical studies to date of the values, and schooling – and recommends ways domestic constraints on ‘Europeanisation’. to improve the upbringing of our children. Analyzing the Global Political Economy Understanding the Gautam Sen, Andrew Walter Finance of Welfare: Bodies what welfare costs Susie Orbach Princeton University Press and how to pay for it 296pp £65 h/b £24.95 p/b Profile Books Howard Glennerster 160pp £10.99 p/b This book attempts to bridge the gap Policy Press (2nd edition) between ‘American’ and ‘British’ approaches In the past decades, the pressure to 264pp £65 h/b £21.99 p/b to international political economy (IPE). The perfect and design our bodies has been authors critically assess the recent disciplinary This edition reviews the ways in which basic unprecedented. The body is no longer a given convergence between IPE, comparative political human needs can be met and summarises and to possess a flawless one has become the economy and economics, focusing on the the economic literature on why markets and ambition of millions. How did our body become political economy of trade, money, finance and governments can fail in this respect. the measure of our worth? production in the global political economy.

46 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2009 I Books

Alumni books A selection of books published between December 2008 and May 2009. For more, and to let us know about books you have coming out, please see the books section at www.lse.ac.uk/alumni

Becoming British and Janna, a Muslim doctor, set Drawing on women’s subjective Columbia: a in 1992 London and war-torn experience of militarisation in population history Sarajevo. Kashmir, this book examines the John Belshaw (PhD relationship between state military processes at the ‘national’ level Economic History 1987) Mexico Unconquered: chronicles of power and social transformations at the University of British Columbia and revolt local/societal level. Press, 2009 288pp $85CAD h/b John Gibler (MSc Philosophy, Policy and Social Value 2001) The Dish This comprehensive demographic history of Penny Lewis (LLB 1984) City Lights Books, 2009 Canada’s westernmost province shows how 356pp $16.95 p/b Troubadour, 2009 biology, politics and history conspire with sex, 204pp £9.95 h/b death and migration to create a particular kind An evocative report on the epic powers of of society. violence and corruption in A humorous examination of the Mexico, and the underdogs and psychology of food and the role The Scientific Way of rebels who put their lives on it plays in winning people over Warfare: order and the line to build justice from the – including key psychological chaos on the battlefields ground up. strategies, conversational gambits of modernity and culinary recipes, tips and cheats. Antoine Bousquet (MSc The Politics International Relations of Climate Change 2000, PhD International Anthony Giddens (MSc Sociology 1961) In the Shelter of Each Other: growing Relations 2007) up in Liverpool in the 1930s and ’40s Polity Press, 2009 Jack Maddox (BSc Econ 1957) C Hurst & Co, 2009 256pp £12.99 p/b 288pp £19.99 h/b History Press, 2008 How political action and intervention, on local, 224pp £14.99 p/b Explores the complex relationship between national and international levels, will have a science, technology and warfare and advances decisive effect on whether or A portrait of a dockside childhood a novel history of the modern battlefield since not we can limit global warming: in the shadows of poverty and the inception of the scientific revolution. a problem which differs from war. Lawless, tribal and violent, any other that, as collective but also exciting, humorous and humanity, we face today. generous; bonded by poverty, Confronting Ethnic few had much, but nobody died Conflict: the role of third alone. parties in managing The Spiders of Africa’s civil wars Allah: travels of an unbeliever on Sumner Welles, Jennifer De Maio (MSc the frontline of holy wars Postwar Planning, and the Quest International History 1998) James Hider (Diploma in World Politics 1995) for a New World Order, 1937-1943 Lexington Books, 2008 CD O’Sullivan (MSc International History Doubleday, 2009 231pp $70 h/b 1993, PhD International History 1999) 336pp £12.99 p/b Critically assesses the role of third party Columbia University Press, 2008 An atheist’s guide to the madness of the intervention in managing selected internal ethnic 280pp $49.50 h/b current holy wars in the Middle wars in Africa, and asks what conditions must be East, written by The Times Explores the world view of present in order for it to succeed. correspondent there, which casts Sumner Welles, who became an unflinching yet compassionate one of Roosevelt’s chief foreign Sarabande eye on the very worst crimes policy advisers before tragically Marcus Fedder (MSc committed in the name of religion. and scandalously resigning in International Relations 1982) the autumn of 1943. It portrays Between Democracy an official coldly hostile to all Dexter Haven, 2008 European powers – enemies 232pp £8.99 p/b and Nation: gender and militarisation in Kashmir and allies alike. Sarabande is the tragic and Seema Kazi (PhD Gender Studies 2008) gripping love story of Daniel, a Jewish banker A Life Around the World: Women Unlimited, 2009 surprise international career 256pp Rs375 h/b I Summer 2009 I LSE Magazine I 47