Summer 2008 Vol 20 Number 1 Magazine

54 Lincoln’s Inn Fields LSE’s newest building takes shape

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Editor’s message Features

If there is a theme to this issue, it’s travel and change. 6 The power game , the new chair of LSE Court of Paul Kennedy debates Governors, writes about migration in today’s globalised American power in today’s world and describes the urge to move in pursuit of a fractured world. better life as ‘one of the most natural and powerful’ of 9 Beyond borders all human instincts. The dynamics of migration So it is fitting that we should also look in this issue at the are evolving with remarkable United States, a country whose history is intimately linked speed. Peter Sutherland 6 to migration. Professor Paul Kennedy revisits the theme of his controversial examines the issues. best-selling book, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers, to evaluate American power in a fractured world. 11 Shaping the Middle East Fred Halliday sets out the But it is not just people that travel, or migrate. Mary Morgan and Jon Adams five themes he believes write about the multi-disciplinary team working to investigate how well should govern future study ‘facts’ travel. Facts need good companions to travel well, they argue – they of the region at LSE. need labels, packages, vehicles and good associates: ‘Rather than being preoccupied with what a fact is, or how facts are produced, or whether any 13 Josef Ackermann particular facts are true, this project asks what happens to facts, and what Claire Sanders introduces roles facts play, when they travel.’ Deutsche Bank’s CEO, For the alumni who travelled to the Asia Forum in Singapore earlier this year currently a visiting professor to discuss the of knowledge, there is an account of the Forum from in the Department of Finance. 16 an alumnus who enjoyed the debate – and humour – of the occasion. 14 How well do And finally, in keeping with our theme of travel and change, the previous editor ‘facts’ travel? of LSE Magazine, Judith Higgin, has left after nearly a decade of wonderful Mary Morgan and Jon service to LSE to travel the world. Adams discuss what happens In June of last year a new External Relations Division was set up under Robin to ‘facts’ and what roles they Hoggard to increase the profile, impact and influence of LSE. play as they make their way 14 As new head of communications and editor of LSE Magazine I look forward around the different groups to taking this work forward. who use them. Claire Sanders 16 LSE Asia Forum Regulars The politics of knowledge was the theme of the 4 Headline news LSE Magazine online School’s fourth Asia Forum, LSE Magazine is available online 20 held in Singapore in April. 22 Rodent’s Rambles at www.lse.ac.uk/lsemagazine. 19 Who rules the 26 Supporting LSE The link enables readers to have money markets? an electronic archive of features as Is international regulation 28 Letters well as quick links to alumni news, keeping pace with today’s groups and events, plus advertising 29 LSE news financial markets?Howard and contact information. Davies recommends 33 Research news an overhaul. 35 Alumni news, reunions 20 From Moll to modernity 38 Alumni groups Nicola Lacey explains what LSE Magazine is published twice a year by the Press and Information Office at the London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE. Tel: +44 (0)20 7955 7060. Fax: +44 (0)20 7852 3658. Email: connects a book by an 18th 41 Where are they now? [email protected] century novelist with research Commissioning Editor Claire Sanders Production Editor Fiona Whiteman into the development of ideas 44 Obituaries Alumni News Editor Nat Holtham Art and Design Editor Claire Harrison of criminal responsibility. Assistant Art and Design Editor Ailsa Drake 46 Books Photography (unless stated) Nigel Stead Editorial Assistants Esther Avery, Deirdre French, Toni Sym 23 Generating business Printed by: Warners Student Lindsey Hall Published by The London School of Economics and Political Science (‘LSE’), Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE. LSE is a School of the . It is a Charity and is incorporated in England as a company limited by guarantee under the Companies Acts interviews two enterprising (Reg number 70527). Copyright in editorial matter and in the Magazine as a whole belongs to LSE ©2008. Copyright in individual articles belongs to the young alumni about their new authors who have asserted their moral rights ©2008. LSE-inspired business, G2G. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission in writing of the publisher, nor be issued to the public or circulated in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published. 24 54 Lincoln’s Inn Fields Requests for permission to reproduce any article or part of the Magazine should be sent to the editor at the above address. In the interests of providing a free flow of debate, views expressed in this Magazine are not necessarily those of the editor, LSE Following worldwide alumni or LSE. support, LSE’s new Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of material published in this Magazine, LSE accepts no responsibility for the veracity of claims or accuracy of information provided by contributors. academic building is set Freedom of thought and expression is essential to the pursuit, advancement and dissemination of knowledge. LSE seeks to ensure that intellectual freedom and freedom of expression within the law is secured for all our members and those we invite to the School. to open later this year. Printed on recycled paper 29 Headline news

New Grantham Institute on climate change

established last year also with a donation of £12 million from the Grantham Foundation. It will also act as an umbrella body 1 for LSE’s contribution to climate change and environment. This will include the work of the Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy, established at LSE 1 this year with £5 million over five years from the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC). The ESRC Centre is a partnership between Leeds University and LSE, managed by Professor Judith In April, LSE received over The Institute will be chaired by Rees and Dr Andy Gouldson. £12 million from philanthropists Lord Stern of Brentford, author of Read more on page 29. Jeremy and Hannelore Grantham the 2006 Stern Review, and will to establish the Grantham work closely with the Grantham Pictured left to right: Jeremy Grantham, Research Institute on Climate Institute for Climate Change , Howard Davies, Lord Stern Change and the Environment. at Imperial College, London, and Hannelore Grantham

Professor Chen Jian foreign affairs ties in clearly with the centre’s aims to further the study of of US China Relations at Cornell international politics and diplomacy University and a distinguished in East Asia. It also reflects the 4 research scholar, writer and teacher. centre’s preoccupation with the He is author of Mao’s China and past, present and future of Sino- the and China’s Road to American relations; one of the key the Korean War: the making of the relationships shaping today’s world.’ Sino-American confrontation, which The position is made possible by a is regarded as a modern classic, and private donation to the School and shared honours for the 2005 Emmy Professor Chen will be the second Award for Outstanding Achievement holder of the post. Professor in News and Documentary Research Paul Kennedy, J Richardson Professor Chen Jian will take up the for Declassifed: Nixon in China. Dilworth Professor of History at Philippe Roman Chair in History and Professor Arne Westad, co-director Yale University, is the inaugural International Affairs at the School for of LSE IDEAS, where the chair is chair holder for the academic year 2008-09. based, said: ‘We are delighted that 2007-08. (See Paul Kennedy’s Professor Chen is currently the Professor Chen will be taking up article page 6.) Michael J Zak Chair of the History the position for the next academic year. His expertise in Chinese

LSE Asia Forum – Singapore 2008 6

LSE hosted its fourth Asia from those adopted in the US and leaders and LSE alumni from Asia Forum in Singapore in April with Europe – were discussed in depth. and beyond. It was the latest in a Singapore’s prime minister Lee The Forum brought together series of high profile conferences organised by LSE in Asia over Hsien Loong (pictured) delivering more than 500 business leaders, recent years. the keynote address. policymakers, diplomats, senior The theme chosen for the Forum civil servants, academic thought Read more on page 16. was The Politics of Knowledge. Participants addressed the challenging issues facing policymakers, business people and others in supporting and promoting the growth of knowledge based economies. Approaches suitable for Asian nations – approaches that differed 9

4 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I 3

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Many eminent speakers have visited the school recently

1 Helen Alexander, chief executive of The 4 Muhammad Yunus, founder and managing 7 Michelle Bachelet, president of Economist Group, looked at building intelligent director of Grameen Bank, launched his new Chile, spoke about an agenda for media brands in a global market. book Creating a World Without Poverty: how democratic change in Latin America. 2 Dr Rowan Williams, Archbishop of social business can transform our lives. 8 Jacqui Smith, UK home secretary, gave a Canterbury, discussed the relationship between 5 Ferenc Gyurcsány, prime minister of speech entitled ‘Shared Protection, Shared religious faith and human rights. Hungary, focused on the future for his country, Values: next steps on migration’. 3 His Excellency Ernest Bai Koroma, looking at economic development, the reform 9 Dr Nicholas Garganas, governor of the president of Sierra Leone, gave a lecture process and energy security. Bank of Greece, spoke about what the euro entitled ‘Dynamic Governance for Effective, 6 Kevin Rudd, Australian prime minister, gave area experience has taught us. Equitable and Sustained Development in Sierra a lecture entitled ‘Australia and the UK – Global Leone – An Agenda for Change’. Partners in shaping the future Global Order’. I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 5 The power game

Twenty years ago Paul s I travelled to LSE early in February to Military power deliver my lecture, it struck me that it was The first measure Nye pointed to was the obvious Kennedy angered many in the 20th anniversary of my summons to A one: American military power. And if you want a the United States when he Washington to debate what had become known symbol of this real, hard power you need look as the ‘Kennedy thesis’ before the Senate foreign argued that American power no further than a nuclear full-fleet carrier of the relations committee. It was not an experience that US navy. These are 20 storeys high, displace was on the decline in his I would recommend. around 103-105,000 tonnes of water and are bestselling book, The Rise and The debate on American power, what it is a mobile home to just under 6,000 people. The and where it is going, was not new. The nature Fall of the Great Powers. Earlier cost of building these carriers comes to about of American power had been much discussed $28 billion, which is slightly more than the entire this year he addressed a following the Vietnam war and the setbacks of defence budget of Italy. packed lecture theatre at LSE, the Carter administration. Indeed, the idea that In all, the US defence budget accounts for over time great powers rise and fall was hardly where he is currently a visiting just over half of total defence expenditure in the original. The Romans said it, the Arabs said it, professor in a new Centre world. This has never happened before in world said it. history. The Roman Empire had a massive Persian called LSE IDEAS, discussing In my lecture I sought to understand how this empire to the east; Pax Britannica was chiefly a debate had developed over the intervening 20 American power in a fractured naval-based global reach system with a small years, to consider how American power had been world. Here he offers a army; none of the European powers in the 20th measured, and give some idea of the fractured century got anywhere near this sort of share of summary of his lecture. world that has both challenged American power total defence expenditure. and buttressed it. So can Americans sleep easy in their beds One of the key players in this ongoing debate at night? Well, one of the interesting things that is my great colleague at Harvard, Joseph Nye, strategic writers talk about is asymmetrical warfare. professor of international relations. In a number If your enemies cannot match you head on, they of books in the 1990s Nye grappled with this go for weapons systems that are affordable, ones issue and developed a definition of power that I that are not going to challenge your assembled have found useful ever since. He argued that one might so much as find weaknesses in the system. way of understanding power is to see it as the Today, the People’s Republic of China is doing capacity to get others to do things that you would just that and is regarded as the number one threat like them to do. In other words, the capacity to to American supremacy by US military strategists. influence people. It lost its ranking after 9/11, but is now back in Nye went on to argue that if you thought about pole position. The Chinese are buying weapons power in more concrete ways, you could consider from the Russians, modifying them and improving it as being played out on three separate chess- them. Their diesel submarines can now sneak up boards: the chessboard of relative military strategic on American aircraft carriers undetected. power; the chessboard of relative economic and And then there are the asymmetrical attacks by productive power; and the chessboard which groups that are not part of nation states. If you really fascinated him most – that of influence in the want to attack a superpower then you are not going realms of ideas and culture, or what he called to go for its aircraft, but for its civilians, its banking soft power. networks, students, cruise ships, electronic networks. US NAVY/HANDOUT/CNP/CORBIS 6 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I The second chessboard is much more multi-polar, You willuseagents,sub-agents,smallelementsof chessboard –that is tosay the economic and civil warandgenocidethatgowiththem–occur community from whatare termed‘failedstates’. deal withthesegroups –essentiallythestrategic discontented groups. demands suggest to me that the responsibilities of demands suggesttomethattheresponsibilities of quite different ishappening. as Mr Bush is willing to add $50 billion here and $75 a numberoftheliberalimperialistsinWashington is and through intoCentralAsia,withsomeoutliers. steadily and metamorphose. steadily andmetamorphose. with America’s share ofGDPdeclining significantly Economic andproductive power to grapplewiththeproblem. Afterall,theseare the productive measures ofpower–thensomething military challenges which come to the international nesses in the giant, when we move to the second Most ofthesestates–andtheslaughter, mayhem, from this one. On the other hand, the instinct of quite from thisone.Ontheotherhand,instinctofquite in troubled partsofAfrica,intheMiddleEast board analysisbysuggestingthatthere are weak being thenumberoneglobalpowertendtogrow billion there, sothateachcanbetackled.Butthese breeding grounds forAlQaedaandterrorism. The instinct of the American military is to walk away The instinctoftheAmericanmilitaryistowalkaway This number of problems is manageable so long This numberofproblems ismanageablesolong So, althoughIhaveendedthatparticularchess US policymakers are strugglingwith how to - - 1950s, ’60sor’70sjustdidnothavetothinkabout. The totalworldGDPin1945wasaround $4trillion; cations for the US, ones that the Americans of the cations fortheUS,onesthatAmericansof colonial domination,andtheUSeconomybene- Valley the idea that the ’s fiting from amassive kick-boost. flattened, withtwothirds oftheworldstillunder Google andYahoo. For aUSsenatorfrom Silicon years. Thiseconomicequalityhasallsortsofimpli- economies with a fair amount of suspicion, but it since 1945.However, itisimportanttobearin sub-body on competitiveness has a crucial say in any sub-body oncompetitivenesshasacrucialsayinany total GDP – and it has been that way for the last 20 total GDP – and it has been that way for the last 20 tend toregard thedebateonworld’s rising to dothingstheynotwantdo, Nye’s ideaof to last15years.Andsotheideaof gettingothers relative share –andIhavetostress relative production to East Asia started the erosion of this rather artificial–withmuchofEurope andJapan mind thattheimmediatepost-warperiodwas power andinfluence,ismuchcurbed. merger isridiculous.ButtoMicrosoft itisnot–they by year, oftheChineseshare oftheGDPpie.I by theearly1990sitwasabout$45to$50trillion. have already paid enough fines to the Commission have already paidenoughfinestotheCommission led byGermanyandthebeginningsofshifts The recovery ofJapan,therecovery ofEurope Take thethree-way dancebetweenMicrosoft, Today, theEU and USboth have around a fifth of And thenyouseethesignificantincrease, year share. 1890s –whentheUSeconomyovertookthatof And whatofthethird chessboard –theoneNye called softpower?Ifyoulookathis booksofthe culture in particular. Iampretty sure thatifhe of weight on cultural iconssuch as bluejeans, Victorian BritainandGermany. Victorian China’s total GDP willbehigher than thatofthe 2003 on the risk posed to established economies early 1990syouwillseethatheput anawfullot all indicatorsofthepopularityAmerican youth Sachs projections, shouldtheworldhavearela- Soft power went backtorevise thosebooksnowhewould with more signsofweaknessemergingdespite without majorwarorenvironmental catastrophe, tively harmonious international tradingsystem tively harmoniousinternational towering strength. US by2025. moving faster thanat anyothertime sincethe Hollywood movies,MTVandMarlborough man– BRICS: thepathto2050’).According toGoldman is worthlookingatsomemuchquotedresearch be lessconvinced. Indeed,Iguesshewouldsay between nationsinthelastdecadehavebeen but whatwecansayisthatthepowerbalances by ,Russia,IndiaandChina(‘Dreaming with by theGoldman Sachs studyteaminOctober So thesecondchessboard isamixedstory, We mustbecareful abouttheseforecasts, I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine

I 7 t The power game

that he got it wrong. He did not see how a few shall see how well, or poorly, Washington manages years of an imperial presidency and a lot of clumsy to balance its extensive overseas commitments Podcasts diplomacy would turn what were once seen as with more constrained resources. n attractive elements of the number one country For those who can’t make it to the into unattractive ones. numerous events hosted by the So the debate on American power continues, School, the LSE website offers a and it is a complicated one. I want to conclude by chance to listen in after the fact. asking a simple question. How long into the 21st Podcasts are available for events century do you think that a country with less than Paul Kennedy dating as far back as October 2006. five per cent of the world’s population and a fifth of is LSE’s Philippe Roman Chair in History and International Topics reflect the diverse range of the world’s product can carry more than half the Affairs for 2007-08, based in LSE IDEAS where he is lecturing interests within the School with a number world’s total defence expenditure? At some point and teaching. An international historian whose work on focusing on America. Since December there is going to be what economists like to term world politics has been translated into several languages, he is currently researching the Second World War. He is J 2007 LSE has hosted and posted seven ‘convergence’ – and since it is unlikely that the Richardson Dilworth Professor of History at Yale University. lectures on different aspects of the US’s share of total world population and GDP will His most famous book to date is The Rise and Fall of the United States. grow, there is a much bigger chance that its share Great Powers (1987). of global defence spending will contract. Then we On 5 December Dr Robert Kagan gave a talk on ‘The United States – Dangerous Nation?’, examining the US in world politics since the end of the Cold War. On 15 January 2008 Professor Eric Foner delved even further into American history in his lecture ‘The Significance of Reconstruction after the Civil War’. Recent LSE events have addressed America’s present as well as its past; Lord Maurice Saatchi’s 30 January lecture, ‘Sleeping Beauty: awakening the American New LSE IDEAS centre dream’, questioned the way Americans are perceived in the world from a British perspective. The following day The Guardian senior foreign correspondent Professor Paul Kennedy’s lecture on As well as administering two master’s Jonathan Steele gave a talk on ‘Iraq: the ‘Measuring American power in today’s degrees in international affairs with two of way out’, addressing the future of the Iraq fractured world’ marked the launch of a new LSE’s key partners, War for the US and the UK, while Professor centre for the study of international affairs, and Peking University, the centre is Paul Kennedy gave a 5 February speech diplomacy and foreign policy strategy. involved in building training programmes entitled ‘Measuring American Power in Seeking to bring greater understanding for foreign service officers from several European and East Asian countries. Today’s Fractured World’, from which this to what Professor Kennedy termed a article is taken. ‘fractured world’, LSE IDEAS has grown Professor Westad said: ‘LSE IDEAS will use out of LSE’s Cold War Studies Centre – for LSE’s intellectual resources to help train On 4 March Stanford University’s Professor the last few years the world’s foremost scholars and practitioners of international David Kennedy gave a lecture entitled centre for the study of the Cold War in affairs. It welcomes experts and researchers ‘The Pivot of the 20th Century’, based international affairs – to reflect a new reality. from around the world to work and research on Churchill’s 1945 statement that ‘the United States stands at this moment As well as incorporating the work of the in a unique interdisciplinary environment.’ at the summit of the world’ – just five Cold War Studies Centre, the IDEAS centre Over the next five years, LSE IDEAS will years earlier, America had been an has already developed a new set of regional work with other departments, institutes and economic catastrophe. US entrepreneur and topical programmes, with a particular research centres at the School on issues Steven Rattner followed up with a focus in its first year on US foreign policy such as the past and future of India and more contemporary look at American and transatlantic relations, the future of Latin America; international negotiations; economics in ‘The Credit Crunch and China and history and public policy in nuclear non-proliferation; religion and the US Economy’ on 27 March. the Balkans and in South Africa. Headed international affairs; energy; environment; by Professor Michael Cox and Professor and international economic affairs. To access any of these podcasts, simply visit the LSE events website at Arne Westad, it has also identified ‘Crisis For more information, see www.lse. www.lse.ac.uk/resources/podcasts/ decision-making: what can we learn from ac.uk/collections/IDEAS/Default.htm the past?’ as a major theme for its first year. publicLecturesAndEvents.htm ‘The centre is particularly preoccupied with investigating the many developments, trends and structures that link the present to the past in international affairs,’ said Professor Cox.

8 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I Beyond Borders

In today’s globalised world, people move from every part of the world to almost every other in pursuit of a better life. Peter Sutherland looks at the challenges and opportunities presented by this new age of mobility.

he banlieues of Paris were burning on the day called me in the autumn T of 2005 to ask if I would serve as his spe- cial representative for migration. The immigrant neighbourhoods around Clichy-sous-Bois had erupted in a frenzy of violence which spread to other parts of . Two months earlier, the headlines had been dominated by the plight of desperate Africans trying to hurl themselves over barbed wire fences into the Spanish enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla. In the US, meanwhile, immi-

gration reform was at an impasse. JEAN-MICHEL TURPIN/CORBIS In other words, the politics of migration were at a nadir and the then secretary general wanted to turn the debate around. The goal he set was to foster an international conversation about migration that would be positive in spirit. The UN General Assembly had scheduled its first ever summit meeting on migration issues for the following year, Vehicles were set alight as rioting in September 2006. Annan asked me to generate erupted on the streets around Clichy-sous-Bois in October 2005 interest in the summit – which many feared would turn into a shouting match between north and south – and to ensure that it focused on how Already, we are seeing migration records fall: in severe social tensions. Smugglers and traffickers, countries could work together to make the most February, the Pew Research Center predicted that meanwhile, have made a multibillion dollar busi- of migration. the proportion of immigrants in the US population ness by exploiting human hope. The urge to move in pursuit of a better life is one over the next four decades will surpass that of the Too often, though, our public debate pays insuf- of the most natural and powerful of human instincts. last great wave of immigration in the early 1900s – ficient attention to the ways in which immigrants Globalisation, together with advances in communi- in 2050, nearly one in five US residents is forecast contribute to both their native and adoptive coun- cation and transportation, has greatly increased the to be an immigrant, compared with one in eight tries. Immigrants are using their skills and savings number of people who have the desire and capacity in 2005. Similar projections have been made for to help their native countries grow, even when to move. Meanwhile, satellite TV, inexpensive airfares, many European countries. they remain abroad. Think of Bangalore, which and penny-a-minute phone calls have fundamentally There can be no question that the promise of has risen to global prominence in part thanks to reshaped the experience of being a migrant, allowing migration is accompanied by wrenching hardship. the capital and experience of Indian immigrants people to maintain lives and relationships in two It can divide families and deprive countries of their who cut their teeth in Silicon Valley. Or consid- countries at once. best and brightest. The speed and magnitude er the many scientists who returned home to As a consequence, we have entered an age of migration in today’s world, coupled with our help transform South Korea into an innovation underinvestment in integration, can also generate economy. And it is hardly surprising that onetime

of mobility which seems permanent in nature. t I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 9 Beyond Borders

‘Immigrants are using their skills and savings to help their native countries grow, even when they remain abroad.’

countries of emigration, from to Greece subjects, they also discussed a new generation to Ireland, now have thriving economies and are of bilateral and multilateral agreements – mobility themselves magnets for migrants. partnerships, in EU parlance – that aim to regulate The dynamics of mobility are evolving with remark- movement between countries while also promoting able speed. Even in the short time since I became development goals. special representative in early 2006, several new This coming October, the Forum will move to threads in the compelling story of human movement the Philippines, which will turn the spotlight onto have emerged. The notion of ‘climate refugees’, for a new set of issues – including how the protection instance, and of migration driven by environmental of migrant rights contributes to development. Next change has begun to seize headlines. The allure of year, Greece will play host to the Forum. One key Asia for migrants is becoming ever more compel- to the Forum’s success is that it engages those ling, as workers of all skill levels seek to tap into the senior officials who must contend with migration booming economies of India and China. Meanwhile, and development issues on a policy level, rath- countries thought of primarily as magnets for migrants er than a political one. The Forum, held under are seeing emigration of their own that is startling in the Chatham House Rule, allows them to openly size – 150,000 Germans left their country last year, share their experiences, thus helping to educate and some ten per cent of British citizens now live each other and to create an environment in which outside the UK. cooperative relationships can be built. All this movement has placed extraordinary The Global Forum, in short, offers proof that demands on our societies. The burden is especially solutions to many of the problems raised by migra- acute for policymakers: they are being asked not only tion are to be found in constructive engagement to track and understand this new age of mobility, and debate. We are better positioned than ever but also to create new policy tools to manage the to confront the challenges of migration and seize flow of people. And they must do all this in a political the opportunities it presents. Now if only we could environment that is often toxic and dominated by get the politicians to listen. n populist cant dangerously thin on facts. The task of policymakers is further complicated by the need to cooperate and coordinate with their counterparts from around the world. No longer are migration relationships mostly about movements between proximate countries – Portuguese going Peter Sutherland to France, Turks to , Mexicans to the US. is chairman of the Court of Governors at LSE and UN special Humans now move from every point in the world to representative for international migration and development. nearly every other in pursuit of a better life. Chinese migrants now constitute one of the largest groups in Ireland. Africans are now increasingly moving to China. And so forth. Migration Studies Unit Faced with this ever more complex web of global relationships, Kofi Annan and I decided to propose The Migration Studies Unit (MSU) is a new and promising organisation at LSE. Founded the creation of a states-led, informal, and non-bind- just one year ago, it is a multidisciplinary research unit spanning the fields of political ing Global Forum on Migration and Development. science, sociology, anthropology, geography, economics and law. The unit was launched The main focus of the Forum would be to spread to provide a home for migration scholars from inside and outside LSE, and to serve as knowledge of what policymakers can do to make a forum for research ideas and discussion. Among a remarkable array of activities for a migration work more consistently for development, fledgling institution, the Migration Studies Unit has organised an engaging and stimulating and to share the many experiments in managing public lecture series that has featured UK home secretary Jacqui Smith, ‘Britishness’ migration being tried around the world. test creator Sir Bernard Crick, and migration guru Professor Stephen Castles. Last July, the government of took the lead The MSU manages a successful fortnightly reading group to exchange ideas about in hosting the inaugural Global Forum. Astonishingly, new books and articles. As the host for the London Migration Research Group (LMRG), 155 UN Member States participated in the two day an inter-university and interdisciplinary network of migration scholars, the MSU serves event, which unfolded in a collegial atmosphere as a centre of dialogue. In fostering new research and innovative thinking, the unit focused on spreading knowledge about how policy- coordinates grant applications for novel projects and hosts working papers from lecture makers can leverage migration to meet their develop- series participants, research students and scholars. Among the broad variety of issues ment goals. Nearly 1,000 delegates debated issues being explored, the MSU’s members are examining everything from European refugee such as how remittances can help stabilise econ- asylum to border control, from migrant social services to political alienation among omies in developing countries and spread financial European Muslims. For more information, visit www.lse.ac.uk/collections/MSU education to the ‘unbanked’. Among many other

10 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I Shaping the Middle East

As Fred Halliday prepared to leave LSE after 25 years he offered five pointers for the continued study of the Middle East in one of two farewell – or, as he preferred to call them, transitional – lectures.

LSE is a unique and valuable place in which to study the Middle East. It is an independent insti- History tution, where academics pursue, whatever the We need to see the region not in its millennial ab- difficulties, sustained and high level research and straction and mystification, but as, like Europe, Latin teaching on the region. And the School provides a America and East Asia, a product of modern interna- context for free and open discussion of the Middle tional economic, political and social forces. History East, something that is of great value. is indeed essential to explaining the map that we With this in mind – and drawing on 25 years have, the conflicts within it, the character of states experience at LSE – I would like to set out five and economies, but this should be modern world themes which should, in my view, govern the history, not the invocation of timeless and hyposta- social science study of the Middle East at LSE. tised forces. As in Europe, some contemporary Middle Eastern states have a degree of continuity with those of a thousand years ago: Iran, Oman, Yemen, Egypt and can make such a claim. But the character of these states today, and the activities they engage in, owe little or nothing, beyond the symbolic, to earlier times. The use of religion and culture in contemporary Middle Eastern society is not the result of some age-old, atavistic, historically continuous influence of holy texts and unshifting identities, but rather the result of the impact on the region of the ideologies and tensions of the modern world (and the region’s response): neither Ayatollah Khomeini, nor Osama bin Laden, can be understood by reading ancient books or dredging up medieval thought patterns. They are, in the content of their ideology, in their mode of political action, in their uses of violence, and, most importantly, in their stated objective, which is to capture and retain control of states, part of the modern world.

States

As in all politics and international relations, the start- ing point for the study of this region should be the state, this seen in historical sociological terms as consisting of the institutions of coercion, admin- istration and territorial delimitation: it is states that shape identities, religions, economies. There is no such thing as the Middle Eastern state, the oriental state, the Arab state, the Islamic state: there are entities which rule, coerce, tax, spend, mobilise, in the modern regional and international context in which they find themselves. And, equally importantly, it is the desire to control the state, or else to set up ‘As in all politics and international relations, their own separate state, as today with the Kurds, Palestinians and Southern Sudanese, and earlier with the starting point for the study of this region the Zionist movement in Palestine, that explains the politics of opposition groups, be they democratic, authoritarian or insurrectionary.

should be the state.’ t I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 11 Shaping the Middle East

and the most traded commodities in the world, but The other dimension of regional proportion that we Culture also in regard to markets, and, of enormous if often need to consider is that of the relative roles of external only partly visible importance, to the recycling and and internal forces. Historically, in the 19th century, In the Middle East as elsewhere, be it China, Po- reinvestment of oil revenues. in the two World Wars, under colonialism, and in the land, or the Midwest states of the USA, issues of The second largest commodity in value terms is, of Cold War, it was conventional to see the Middle East culture and religion do matter in explaining political course, drugs, and here too Middle Eastern societies, through the lens of external, or ‘great’, powers – Brit- attitudes and behaviour. But culture broadly defined, producers such as Afghanistan, and countries for ain, France and Russia, and later also the USA. Today including religion, does not in itself explain modern the transit of money and of drugs themselves, which there is a temptation still to do this, whether through politics, social behaviour or international relations. include many in the region, are central to the world an emphasis on globalisation or the policies of the Nor can the cultural legacy or past of a country market. For all the talk of how different, unique, and Bush administration, or, as is common in continental explain its character today. Culture matters as far culture-specific the Arab world or Iran is, it is money, Europe above all, analysing the Middle East through as the language and presentation of political and in terms of rent appropriation, corruption, pure greed the prism of EU policy and the Barcelona Process. social issues is concerned, and cultural or ethnic in many cases, not to mention the current way of These forces and actors were, and are, important, affinity can serve, in international relations, to motivate ostentatious and culturally questionable spending but we should not allow this external perspective, let some forms of solidarity and concern, be this among in the Gulf states, that explains much of what goes alone the easier availability of western archives and Muslims, Armenians or . But far too much of on. All Middle Eastern societies, indeed all Muslim contacts, to obscure what has, at least since the the study of the contemporary Middle East takes societies too, are driven by money and the compe- 1950s, been the case, namely that the dominant culture as a given, and as, in social science terms, tition for it, as are all others. drivers of Middle Eastern regional politics are the an independent and explanatory variable, instead regional states themselves. of seeing it as itself shaped by modern, domestic In terms of modern state formation and internation- and international forces: the latter is much more Political actors al politics, above all in matters of waging war, important than is conventionally realised, for much and Iran, Israel and Egypt, Yemen and Saudi Arabia, of the content and power of Islamist ideology is a Finally, we need to get into proportion the role of Algeria and Morocco, not to mention the uncontrol- form of nationalism, one that is a reaction to foreign different forces, and of different kinds of state, in lable Libya, acted on their own accord. The same is control and influence, real or imagined, and much of the recent and contemporary history of the Middle evident today: even as the USA and/or the European its programme is a straightforward third world populist East region. By this I mean above all two things. On Union express their views on the region, the local one, of an independent state, general redistribution of the one hand, we can see how, in terms of external states pay scant attention. Thus the Palestinians elect wealth and cultural and social conservatism. perception, and in terms of the activities of local Hamas, the Israelis build their settlements and their We need to turn the issue of culture and politics forces, a definite region does exist, where competing wall, the Turks refuse to compromise with Kurdish on its head. Much more important than the question and/or neighbouring forces within the region are nationalism, the Iranians defy western pressure, the of how culture has affected, or now affects, interna- aware of each other and of how, especially in recent Saudis maintain their autocratic regime, the Egyptians tional relations, is that of how international relations, years, opposition and armed groups operate across and Tunisians manipulate their elections, all the oil and global forces, be they war, economic change, frontiers. Yet even as such regional forces are at producers push up prices and so forth. ideological fashion, not to mention the rising demand play, be it in regard to nuclear weapons, migration If there is a challenge, political and analytic, to the for oil, have shaped local cultures and reformulations flows or terrorism, the 25 countries of the region dominance of regional states, it comes from a different of religion, as well as forms of state, society and remain distinct and in some ways separated from quarter: in the broader context of modern Middle economy. each other, a system of interacting units but not a Eastern history, and, above all, in the light of the situ- homogenous whole. ation in Iraq today, it may be a third kind of actor – not This means that with specific conflicts, such as great powers, and not regional states, but non-state or Economics the Arab-Israeli dispute, or the Iran-Iraq war, or now actors from below, be they violent or peaceful – which the multi-layered war in Iraq, we should be careful may pose the greatest challenge and which may have Fourthly, amidst all the talk of Islam, ethnic hatred, how far we see these conflicts as dominating, or the greatest impact. We have already seen, in the history, culture and so forth, it is easy to forget the defining, the region as a whole. It is often implied, by Iranian revolution of now 30 years ago, in the spread role, important in many cases, if not quite determi- Israelis and by Arabs, that the Palestine question is of influence of the Muslim Brotherhood through many nant ‘in the last instance’, of economic factors. One ‘the’ Middle Eastern question, or that it determines key states, including Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Kuwait, of the best introductory moves in understanding the region as a whole. That it is an important, tragic and, most spectacularly, in the rise of Al Qaeda and the modern Middle East, how it was formed, and and dangerous conflict we can agree, and it has related or Al Qaeda inspired organisations, how it is why it has the social and political forms it has, is to these forces, not the governments of the region, or certainly, in some periods, shaped the politics of its study economic history: hence the importance of London, Moscow or Washington, who shape the neighbours, be it Egypt in the late 1940s or Lebanon the work of such writers as Charles Issawi, Roger politics of the region. If you are sitting in positions of in the 1980s. But the Arab-Israeli dispute is far from Owen, Caylar Keyder, Galal Amin, and, in the person power in Middle Eastern countries today, in Baghdad, being the only, or the formative, conflict in the Middle of the first and current incumbent of the Chair in Kabul, Islamabad, Beirut, Damascus, Riyadh, Ramalla, East, and, indeed, the influence of Israel on the poli- Turkish Studies at LSE, Professor Sevket Pamuk. Amman to name but the most obvious eight, yet a tics of its neighbours has, beyond the disruptions of If one wants to understand why and how external third of the total, this question, of the survival of the now six wars, been limited: on the one occasion that powers have dominated, partitioned, controlled and current state itself, must be the dominant uncertainty Israel did try to establish a client state in the region, intervened in the Middle East, then economic factors about the future. n in Lebanon in 1983, it failed. remain central to the story, not only in regard to oil As for what the regional impact of the Iraq war and gas extraction, which form the largest industries will be, it is too early to say, and, for sure, the spread of violence and the rising conflict between Sunni and Shia have had, and will continue to have, repercussions across the region. Again, however, it is too simple, or at least far too premature, to Fred Halliday is ICREA research professor at IBEI, Barcelona. He retired claim that what happens in Iraq will determine the as LSE professor of international relations in March 2008, history of the region as a whole. after 25 years with the School. Josef Ackermann

Dr Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank, joined LSE as visiting professor in the Department of Finance earlier this year. Claire Sanders outlines his role at the School.

that take deposits and extend loans to become He joined Deutsche Bank as a member of the vehicles that originate securities for distribution and management board in 1996, and was responsible transform credit risk through securitisation,’ said Dr for the investment banking division. Deutsche Bank Ackermann. ‘This development has led to higher is a leading global investment bank with 77,920 turnovers on banks’ balance sheets and, along with employees in 76 countries. n the rise in investors in alternative asset classes, to an increased demand for credit products.’ He then split the history of the credit market turmoil broadly into five phases, starting with the initial emergence of the sub-prime problem. This had knock-on effects on leveraged loans and led to a spillover into the Claire Sanders inter-bank markets. A short period of calm, with is head of communications at LSE and commissioning the restoration of nearly normal market conditions, editor, LSE Magazine. preceded the next phase of the crisis, characterised by large write-downs. Dr Ackermann suggested that large off balance sheet liquidity commitments, a lack of transparency, and the absence of a reliable price Dahrendorf scholarships discovery mechanism for many structured products Thanks to the generosity of Deutsche Bank, were important explanations for the observed melt- students from developing countries have been down of the credit markets. able to apply for new scholarships at LSE this Dr Ackermann will be a visiting professor at the year, named in honour of LSE governor and School until September 2009. During this time former director Lord Dahrendorf. hen Dr Ackermann gave his inaugural he will give a number of public lectures as well The Lord Dahrendorf scholarships will be for lecture last January on ‘Lessons from as undertake a range of teaching and research students taking an MSc in the Department Wthe Credit and Liquidity Crisis’, the activities. This current year, for example, he has of Finance. The first scholars will take up timing could not have been better. been lecturing master’s students on topics of risk their places in October. In just over an hour of lucid presentation Dr management and has organised a public policy LSE director Howard Davies said: ‘We are Ackermann outlined the key events that had event through the Financial Markets Group. extremely grateful to Deutsche Bank for its unfolded so dramatically in the credit market during Dr Ackermann has had a long and distinguished generosity in funding the scholarships. We the previous eight months, offering an overview career in banking. After studying economics and have named them after Lord Dahrendorf as of the fast changing world of modern banking as social sciences at the University of St Gallen, he a fitting way to honour one of the School’s well as pointers for the future. worked at the University’s Institute of Economics great figures who embodies both academic It was just the sort of in depth analysis of real as a research assistant and received a doctorate brilliance and leadership. Lord Dahrendorf world events that had been envisaged when in economics. helped shape LSE as a place that draws Dr Ackermann’s appointment was first announced. He started his professional career in 1977 at its talent from every background. These Indeed, Howard Davies, director of LSE, had Schweizerische Kreditanstalt (SKA), where he held scholarships will ensure that we continue to said: ‘His real world knowledge, combined with a a variety of positions in corporate banking, foreign reach every part of the globe.’ long-standing interest in the academic underpinnings exchange/money markets and treasury, investment of financial markets, will add a new perspective to banking and multinational services. He also worked in Each scholarship is worth £17,352 and our work in the area.’ London and New York, as well as at several locations is available to applicants for an MSc in This first lecture set out the sweeping changes that in Switzerland. Between 1993 and 1996, he served Management and Regulation of Risk, have taken place in banks’ business models over the as president of SKA’s executive board, following his Finance and Economics, or Finance. last decade. ‘Banks have evolved from simple entities appointment to that board in 1990. Roselyne Renel, a managing director within Deutsche Bank’s credit risk management division, said: ‘Deutsche Bank is committed Part-time MSc Finance to helping high calibre students from around the world. The academic study of risk The MSc Finance (part-time) programme is specifically designed for those management and finance has played a currently working within London’s financial services sector. It is taught two significant role in the global banking industry evenings a week over 24 months. For more information about events and and the world’s capital markets. We are proud study in the Department of Finance, please see www.lse.ac.uk/finance to contribute to LSE’s continued success.’

I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 13 How well do FACTS travel?

A fact is a fact – or is it? Why does evidence considered acceptable in one context retain or lose its status in another? Mary Morgan and Jon Adams explain their research.

bove the decorative ceiling of St Paul’s Derbyshire, shows how far some very limited facts high vaulted interior there is a narrow of 1665-6 have almost seamlessly altered as they A structural cavity that very few people travelled through the interpretations of 19th century have ever seen, and fewer still have taken an romantic poets, and 20th century novels and musi- interest in. But for LSE researcher Dr Simona cals. Another story of the historical travels of facts, Valeriani, that dusty interior tells a story about resonant with current claims for the possibility of technological change and innovation that spread radical life extension, concerns the alleged longevity across Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries. of Thomas Parr, said to have died at the age of 152 in And the story it tells – if you know how to read it 1635 – a fact apparently corroborated by no less an from the craftsmen’s signature notches, graffito authority than the surgeon William Harvey. Dr David and joinery – is one of travelling craftsmen and Haycock (now at the National Maritime Museum, architects on Grand Tours, of sketches made in Greenwich) recounts how, with such an eminent Florence and Rome, of journeymen, apprentices, medical professional as a companion, Parr’s unlikely and of the conflicts between Christopher Wren’s lifespan was accepted as a fact for some 250 years, elegant designs and the capacities of English and eventually lost its status only because in the 19th carpenters to actualise them. century facts about old age were reconstructed in Dr Valeriani is part of a multi-disciplinary team statistical terms. working within LSE’s Department of Economic History Scientific data investigating ‘How well do “facts” travel?’ on a Nature The rise of statistics created increasingly large of Evidence grant awarded by the Leverhulme Trust volumes of information, and in the modern age, Above: Research officer Dr Simona Valeriani inside in association with the ESRC. There have been the roof at St Benet Paul’s Wharf, a 17th century the sheer speed at which facts may be circulated numerous studies of knowledge transfer, but where Christopher Wren church makes data storage and retrieval of especial im- this project departs is in investigating how – and Below: Posters for the component projects portance to questions of how well facts travel. Dr how well – information considered factual fares as can be viewed at www.lse.ac.uk/collections/ Sabina Leonelli is studying how biologists increas- economicHistory/Research/facts it makes its way around different groups who may ingly rely on shared electronic databases – such have use of it. Rather than being preoccupied with as from the Human Genome Project – which act what a fact is, or how facts are produced, or whether as repositories for the work of an entire scientific any particular facts are true, this project asks what community. These massive reservoirs are con- happens to facts, and what roles facts play, when trolled by only a few curators who organise and they travel. Facts – on account of their prestigious package many small facts for circulation to other and seemingly immutable character – might seem biologists. By labelling these data traces in such to be unproblematic travellers. Yet, the cases inves- a way that they can be seen as relevant to a wider tigated suggest that facts need good companions group of scientific users, these packaging methods to travel well: labels, packages, vehicles and good affect not only the way in which science is carried associates; while at the same time, facts that travel out but the content of the science as well. well have (or acquire in the course of their journey) Information technology also plays an important sufficient character to enable them to play various role for Dr Erika Mattila, who looks at how computer functional roles in their travels. simulations are used to model the spread of infectious By taking as our starting point whatever a given diseases, such as potential pandemic flu. Such community considers a fact, we can concentrate modelling requires that facts about disease trans- attention on how facts travel. For example, Dr Patrick mission fulfil a variety of tasks in the cooperation Wallis’ recent account of the plague village Eyam, in between computer scientists, epidemiologists and

14 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I public health workers. Some facts are especially between facts and fiction is easily smudged. Dr Jon of workshops, and co-hosted a major conference contagious, spreading and fitting easily into this Adams looks more closely at just these cases where on ‘Enquiry, Evidence, and Facts’ at the British community’s requirements, while others remain shy popularising a fact through fiction can sometimes Academy. The project website hosts an array of and recalcitrant. Facts in this situation seem neither involve fictionalising the fact, and may even result posters for the individual case work, along with to mutate as quickly as gossip nor to grow as wildly in authors offering the fiction itself as a source of toolkits for students, and working papers en route as rumour; rather they play important functional roles facts. A US based population pressure group even to publication. These activities, as well as pres- in bringing community expertises together. produced an anthology of short stories about over- entations at conferences and universities across crowding which were offered as proof of the need Europe and America, ensure that facts about the Logo facts to curb unchecked reproduction. Facts project are travelling well. n In other situations, we found facts that changed The devastating effects of increasing numbers of remarkably in scope and generality even while humans, memorably described as the ‘Population maintaining their integrity. Professor Mary Morgan, Bomb’ by Paul R Ehrlich, have never transpired, the project’s leader, has traced how a modest largely because of innovations in agricultural tech- fact from applied economics about the varying nology. Fittingly, India’s Green Revolution and national characteristics of demand for washing a current agricultural extension project in Tamil Jon Adams machines in the 1980s (Germans want high spin Nadu provide the substance for another wing of is a research officer in the Department of Economic speed but Italians low speed, French consumers the project. Dr Peter Howlett and PhD candidate History at LSE. want top-loaders, et cetera) was expanded, by Aashish Velkar are investigating how facts about The Economist’s reports of the work, into a ‘fact’ agricultural yields and technologies must be pack- about the impossibility of there ever being a single aged in ways that survive travel across multiple European market. Such facts that travel free of disciplines, levels of expertise and bureaucratic their original producer and community and beyond strata to create the kinds of increases in food their original evidential context come to stand as output that draw rural farmers out of poverty and ‘logo facts’ for general claims or as ‘headline facts’ Mary Morgan succeed in feeding extra urban mouths. is professor of the history of economics at LSE and heads that speak loudly about a matter of importance. These cases may not look like the typical work the Facts project. The disciplinary range of travels and their effects is of an economic history department, but the broad sometimes truly surprising – a point amply demon- remit of the project requires flexibility and familiarity strated by the research of Dr Edmund Ramsden into with a wide range of sources – statistical, mathe- the animal ecologist John B Calhoun who, in the matical, historical and literary – that are the stock 1950s and ’60s, supplied enclosed rodent popula- in trade for economic historians. Centred around tions with everything they could want – except space. the work of five full-time postdoctoral research- They bred quickly, but the stress of constant social ers, the project has incorporated the work of contact resulted in a range of physiological and PhD students alongside faculty and research staff, For more information on the Facts project see www. mental pathologies. The comparisons with crowded drawn international scholars to LSE for a series lse.ac.uk/collections/economicHistory/Research/facts inner cities were seductive, and many were happy to make the inference across species to diagnose the same causes behind problems in urbanised humans. Calhoun’s rats quickly found their way into the vocabulary of architects and city planners, as well as psychologists and sociologists, and came to ‘Facts – on account of their prestigious and have concrete effects on the layout of urban spaces, college dorms and prisons. seemingly immutable character – might One place where Calhoun’s facts proved especially seem to be unproblematic travellers. Yet, fertile was fiction, where the dramatic potential of an overcrowded world proved especially appealing the cases investigated suggest that facts to sci-fi and comic book authors. Here, the facts make the fiction more plausible – but the boundary need good companions to travel well’

I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 15 LSE ASIA FORUM

Alumni, academic experts, policy makers and business leaders Singapore 2008 gathered at the Shangri-La hotel in Singapore on 11 April for the fourth LSE Asia Forum. The theme this year was The Politics of Knowledge. Over 500 VIPs attended the event, which was held in conjunction with the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS).

LSE director Howard Davies and Ambassador K The LSE Asia Forum 2008 was sponsored by Kesavapany, director of ISEAS, welcomed the Professor Saw Swee Hock (PhD Statistics 1963, audience and Peter Sutherland, chair of LSE’s LSE honorary fellow), Singapore Exchange Limited Court of Governors, introduced Prime Minister (SGX) and the LSE Annual Fund. Lee Hsien Loong of Singapore, who delivered On the previous evening an alumni reception the opening keynote speech. In his lecture, Prime attended by over 250 alumni was held at the British Minister Lee said: ‘The theme of this conference High Commissioner’s residence. It was followed – knowledge – engages many of us in Asia. The by a fundraising dinner held at the Raffles Hotel, whole continent is on the move today, because in aid of the LSE Singapore Trust, at which Peter China and India have taken off. But Asian countries Sutherland spoke on the theme of globalisation. know that to sustain their growth and improve their Both events were sponsored by Chang Beer. people’s lives, the use and creation of knowledge The LSE Asia Forum provides an opportunity for are crucial. Hence many countries are seeking to analysis of different perspectives on the economic, educate their people, upgrade their economies, social, political and cultural contributions Asia is and create conditions for knowledge and innova- making to global development. It is an important part tion to flourish.’ At the end of the opening session of the School’s strategy to enhance its long standing he was presented with a commemorative scroll relationship with the rapidly developing Asian region. and an LSE baseball cap, which he put on to LSE has a long history of attracting talented students huge applause from the audience (pictured left). and staff from all major Asian countries. Tharman Shanmugaratnam (BSc Econ 1981), Previous Forums have been held in New Delhi, minister for finance in Singapore, chaired the first Hong Kong and Bangkok. session, paving the way for a whole day of discus- The full transcript of Prime Minister Lee’s sion and debate in true LSE style. Academics, speech, along with more information and photos respondents and session chairs represented a from the LSE Asia Forum, can be found at wide range of disciplines and spoke on topical www.lse.ac.uk/asiaforum issues for Asia and its knowledge economies.

16 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I Discussions on The Politics of Knowledge were led by LSE professors Conor Gearty, Danny Quah, Nikolas Rose, John Sidel and Lord Nicholas Stern. To give a flavour of the Forum, we include summaries of talks by Professor Sidel and Lord Stern and an account of the day by alumnus Michael Hill, visiting professor at the National University of Singapore.

The struggle for But such episodes of violence should not blind us the sacred to the broadly emancipatory trends observable in by John Sidel religious life throughout much of Asia. Violence has always accompanied democratisation in the world In the world of politics, of politics and it is not surprising to find violence ‘knowledge is power’ seems alongside what I have called democratisation in like something of an empty the realm of religion. In the decades ahead, new slogan, at least if we consider forms of religious knowledge will gradually help to recent trends in much of Asia. For all the spread create new forms of politics and new constellations of information via the internet and the expansion of power in Asia, as elsewhere in the world. n of education in Asia over the past decade, little seems to have changed in terms of the broad structures of political power in the region. John Sidel is Sir Patrick Gillam Professor of International and Comparative Politics at LSE. But if the so-called Information Age has yet to A longer version of this article was first published in produce dramatic change in the profane world the Straits Times in October 2007. of politics in Asia, the realm of spiritual power – religion – in the region, as in other parts of the world, is in the throes of a great transformation. Indeed, it is no exaggeration to speak of tectonic A global deal on shifts in the politics of religious knowledge, or, climate change to borrow a term from the world of politics, the by Nicholas Stern democratisation of religion. The problem of climate Such religious democratisation is evident in at change involves a funda- deal. Trade in emissions reduction has a double least three ways. First, economic, social and polit- mental failure of markets: benefit: efficiency, and glue for a global deal. ical changes have reduced formal and informal those who damage others Third, there should be a major reform of the curbs on religious life in parts of Communist Asia. In by emitting greenhouse gases generally do not Clean Development Mechanism, a Kyoto mech- China and Vietnam, in particular, market expansion, pay. Rich countries must lead the way in taking anism that allows developing countries to sell economic growth and the electoralisation of local action to overcome this market failure. That means emission reductions, but does not penalise them government have spurred a religious boom. Local adopting ambitious emissions reduction targets; for emissions themselves (a one-sided trade officials keen on establishing themselves as good encouraging effective market mechanisms; sup- mechanism). patrons have donated vast sums to build temples porting programmes to combat deforestation; Fourth, there should be a coherent, integrated and pagodas in the Communist heartland. promoting rapid technological progress to mitigate international programme to combat deforestation, Secondly, the past two decades have seen a the effects of climate change; and honouring their which makes up 15 to 20 per cent of all green- proliferation of new sources of religious authority, aid commitments to the developing world. house gas emissions. new interpreters of what it means to be a good Targets and trading must be at the heart of Fifth, there needs to be promotion of rapid Buddhist, Christian, Hindu or Muslim. This plurali- a global deal to reduce greenhouse gas emis- technological advance for mitigation. The devel- sation of religious authority structures has eroded sions. The main elements of this deal could be opment of technologies must be accelerated and the centralised monopolies of the built around a six point programme. methods found to promote their sharing. Carbon in the Philippines and the sangha in Thailand, the First, the overall targets of 50 per cent reduc- capture and storage (CCS) for coal is particularly privileged position of the two main Islamic associ- tions in global emissions by 2050 (relative to 1990) urgent since coal-fired electric power is currently ations in , and threatened countless other agreed at the G8/ summit in Heiligendamm the dominant technology round the world and religious establishments across Asia. in June last year are essential if we are to have emerging nations will be investing heavily in these Meanwhile, a third dimension of religious a reasonable chance of keeping temperature technologies. democratisation is evident in the widening forms increases below 2 or 3°C. While these targets Sixth, rich countries should honour their commit- of popular participation and the shifting patterns involve strong action, they are not over ambitious ments to 0.7 per cent of GDP in aid by 2015. This of clerical mediation in religious life. El-Shaddai relative to the risks of failing to achieve them. Within would yield increases in flows of $150-200 billion runs wildly popular prayer meetings in parks and these global targets, even a minimal view of equity per year. The extra costs developing countries stadiums in the Philippines, even as charismatic demands that the rich countries’ reductions should face as a result of climate change are likely to be Catholic groups convene for singalong sessions be at least 80 per cent. upwards of $80 billion per year and it is vital that in homes around the archipelago. Second, there should be substantial trade extra resources are available for new initiatives. The weakening of religious monopolies and the between countries, including rich and poor The above six point programme would allow all freeing up of religious competition have unleashed countries, in greenhouse gas emissions. This will countries of the world to pursue their development diverse creative energies and uncertainty for promote efficiency – in other words, the cheapest aspirations via low-carbon growth. n millions of believers. In the face of such uncer- ways of achieving cost reductions. At the same tainties, it is small wonder that a desperate minority time, the flow to poor countries will help them Lord Stern of Brentford is IG Patel Professor of turns to violence in the name of an embattled cover their costs of greenhouse gas reduction, Economics and Government at LSE and led the version of the faith. thereby giving them an incentive to join a global review on the economics of climate change published in October 2006.

I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 17 LSE Asia Forum

and educational development attracts ongoing Much of the humour originated with LSE’s director respect. The culture of Singapore, pragmatic and Howard Davies, who had a satirical quip for a business-like, is also resonant of that of the School. number of the speakers. But one of the more droll It might be epitomised in Goh’s rationale in 1968 moments came after Nikolas Rose had demolished

ROSIE GOSLING for establishing the now famous bird park rather the timepiece on the lectern, when a subsequent than a zoo: bird seed costs less than meat! speaker, relying on the chair to remind him of Thus the opportunity to attend the fourth LSE the remaining time, publicly queried whether his Asia Forum in Singapore offered the prospect raised fingers signaled a remaining two minutes not only of enjoying healthy debate but also of or some alternative coded message. Memories savouring some of the less formal aspects of of Student Union debates in the Old Theatre were the School, such as its humour. There was an instantly revived! n abundance of both. The sputtering progress of the Olympic flame Michael Hill (BA Sociology 1965) is emeritus through London, Paris and San Francisco featured professor, Victoria University of Wellington, New in the keynote opening address of Singapore’s Zealand and a visiting professor at the National prime minister, Lee Hsien Loong, who warned University of Singapore. of the long term consequences of the anger expressed by many young Chinese on internet bulletin boards. In a later response by Conor Gearty the implications of these events were interpreted An alumnus in Singapore very differently, suggesting that protest was a new Michael Hill (above) agreed to provide LSE Maga- way of revealing basic truths about human rights. zine with his impressions of the Forum. He writes: Both positions were fully reported in the following For an LSE alumnus, Singapore provides day’s Straits Times. constant reminders of the contribution the School has made to the island state’s spectacu- lar progress. The Carr-Saunders Report of 1948 established the University of Malaya, of which Sir Sidney Caine, later a director of LSE, was vice chancellor in the early 1950s. And the contri- bution of the notable alumnus Goh Keng Swee to Singapore’s financial, infrastructural, military

A London memento with a touch of class

Charles Booth’s maps are now available as reproductions for sale featuring streets colour-coded according to Victorian social status, from ‘upper-middle and upper classes – wealthy’ to ‘lowest class – vicious and semi-criminal’! Where did you live? What was it like around LSE? Discover at www.lse.ac.uk/booth To purchase, please quote the relevant map sheet number/s (below) and ‘LSE Magazine’. Tel: +44 (0)20 7955 7223 Email: [email protected] £14.95 per map sheet (£79.95 for full set of 12) includes VAT and UK postage. Additional £3 for overseas orders. Thank you for supporting the Library’s work

1 East: Isle of Dogs, 4 North West: Somers Town, 7 Inner West: Westminster, 10 South West: Wandsworth, Millwall, Limehouse, Bromley, Camden Town, Kentish Town, Belsize Marylebone, Mayfair, Paddington, Battersea, Clapham, Putney, Stepney [485 x 623 mm] Park, Primrose Hill, Hampstead, St Bayswater, Kensington, [700 x 388 mm] John’s Wood, West Hampstead, Chelsea [554 x 485 mm] 2 North East: South Hackney, 11 Outside South: Peckham, Kilburn, Maida Vale [531 x 485 mm] Clapton, Stoke Newington, 8 Outer West: Kilburn, Camberwell, Dulwich, Brixton, Dalston [421 x 400 mm] 5 East Central: Stepney, Kensal Green, Notting Hill, West South Lambeth [574 x 417 mm] Whitechapel, Spitalfields, Kensington, Fulham, Hammersmith, 3 North: Stoke Newington, 12 South East: Blackheath, Bethnal Green, Shoreditch, Shepherd’s Bush [609 x 430 mm] Highbury, Islington,Finsbury Greenwich, Lewisham, Hatcham Haggerston [368 x 485 mm] Park, Tufnell Park, Barnsbury 9 Inner South: Rotherhithe, Park [485 x 535 mm] [502 x 460 mm] 6 West Central: Hoxton, Camberwell, Southwark, Clerkenwell, Bloomsbury, Walworth, Kennington, Lambeth, Fitzrovia, Holborn, Covent Vauxhall [670 x 382 mm] Garden, Soho [525 x 425 mm] Who rules the

Howard Davies explains why financial regulation is a hot topic at LSE – and the subject of his new book.

hen I left the Financial Services Author- And in preparing for those classes I have discov- ity to come to LSE, almost five years ered that there is no single text to which you can Wago now, I thought I would escape the point people if they want a description of how the world of financial regulation. Being a financial global system is supposed to work, of what the regulator is like lying on a bed of nails, as the Basel Committee actually does, for example, how current incumbents at the FSA and the Bank of its output relates to the work of the International England have discovered in the Northern Rock Monetary Fund and the World Bank. So last year, affair, and it’s a great relief when you get off. with the help of a former colleague from the FSA, David Green, I set about filling the gap and a book But, slightly to my surprise, there are a lot of called Global Financial Regulation: the essential people in the School interested in financial markets guide appears this spring, published by Polity and the way they are overseen – both researchers Press/Blackwell Publishers. in the Financial Markets Group and the Centre for the Analysis of Risk and Regulation, and students I doubt if you will find it on the shelves of an taking a variety of master’s programmes. Finance airport bookstore – but please snap it up if you do. and accounting people are interested, as one However, it does look as though public interest in might expect, but lots of lawyers too. Regulators the subject has escalated helpfully (for us) in the have become quite big employers. So I have been last few months. There is a growing perception drafted in to give seminars and teach on a variety that the international regulatory system has not of master’s programmes. kept pace with the widespread interconnected- There are also a growing number of important ness of different financial markets. Indeed at the financial institutions, notably hedge funds, private I enjoyed the teaching, and particularly the global World Economic Forum in Davos this year Gordon equity funds and sovereign wealth funds, which nature of the classes. Because I represented the Brown, in his plenary address to the conference, exist largely outside the regulatory net. There may 6.23 FSA in the main international financial groupings I said: ‘we need a global regulatory system to match be some logic in that – they are largely investors 2.85 know quite a lot about the ways in which different global capital markets’. rather than intermediaries after all – but from a 41.20 countries supervise their institutions – indeed it financial stability point of view the world’s financial 6.99 is true to say that if I were forced to appear on This is right, as a matter of principle. But achieving authorities need better knowledge than they now 5.00 Mastermind it would such a happy outcome is not straightforward. Up have about their activities; they are simply too large 2.99 be my specialist to now, individual countries have been very resist- to ignore. And there are important questions to be 4.87 2.85 subject! How sad ant to the idea of handing over control or even 0.21 addressed about the role of the ratings agencies, 41.20 is that, as my influence over their domestic financial markets to 0.21 who have not covered themselves with glory. 6.99 sons would say. any supranational bodies, even those on which 7.81 5.00 they are strongly represented. So the current 7.99 It seems fairly clear that one consequence of the 2.99 system is a patchwork of largely informal standard 6.50 financial crisis of the last year will be an overhaul of 4.87 setting bodies, and their standards are implement- 6.23 some of these bodies. The heads of government 0.21 ed by individual countries on a ‘best endeavours’ 2.85 0.21 of the G8 have begun to take an active interest in basis. In some places they are observed more in 41.20 7.81 the subject. That is not before time, and indeed the breach than the letter. 6.99 7.99 we recommend such an overhaul in our book. 5.00 6.50 The downside for me is that I will need to start 2.99 6.23 working on a second edition rather sooner than 4.87 2.85 I had expected. n 0.21 41.20 0.21 6.99 7.81 7.81 7.99 7.99 6.50 6.50 6.23 6.23 2.85 Howard2.85 Davies 41.20 41.20is director of LSE. 6.99 6.99 5.00 5.00 2.99 2.99 I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 19 4.87 4.87 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 7.81 7.81 7.99 7.99 6.50 6.50 From to modernity Moll

How we understand crime and punishment has changed dramatically in the last 300 years. Nicola Lacey takes us on a tour from Moll Flanders to rising prison populations here and in the US.

t first glance there appears to be little in I found myself reading Daniel Defoe’s luminous common between Daniel Defoe’s Moll early novel, Moll Flanders (1722). While it was A Flanders – a glorious romp through entirely natural for Defoe to have a sexually the adventures of a late 17th century sexually active, socially marginal female thief as his central adventurous property offender – and a major piece protagonist, only half a century later this would of research on punishment in modern democracies. become next to unthinkable. But for me the two are intimately related. Curiously, historians of crime have discovered Academics are increasingly encouraged to work that, exceptionally, women constituted roughly half in a multidisciplinary way, to infuse ideas from one of the defendants before London’s main criminal area of research expertise into another. I have been court during the period in which Moll Flanders is unusually lucky in receiving Leverhulme funding set (a number which diminished steadily, reaching which has allowed me to do just that. a low of about ten per cent by the end of the 19th In 1999 I began work on a project exploring the century, before gradually rising to the roughly 20 historical development of ideas of responsibility for per cent typical today). The more I read, the more it crime from the early 18th century to the present seemed to me that the disappearance of Moll, and day, but was diverted by writing a biography of her supersession by very different literary models of

MARY EVANS PICTURE LIBRARY EVANS MARY the legal philosopher HLA Hart. It was not until female criminality such as Tess of the D’Urbervilles, 2006 that a Leverhulme major research fellowship served as an illuminating metaphor for fundamental Moll Flanders: The Fortunes allowed me to return to the project. I needed to find changes in ideas of selfhood, gender and social a way of thinking myself back into the period, so order. So I wove together law, literature, philosophy and Misfortunes of the Famous I devoted part of the summer of 2006 to reading and social and economic history, to argue that Moll Flanders, Etc. Who was a range of early novels. these broad changes underpinned a radical shift My argument is that 18th century attributions of in mechanisms of responsibility-attribution, with born in Newgate, and during responsibility for criminal conduct were founded decisive implications for the criminalisation of women. primarily in assessments of the accused’s The lectures – ‘Women, Crime and Character: a life of continu’d Variety for character and reputation; and that the idea of from Moll Flanders to Tess of the D’Urbervilles’ – Threescore Years, besides her responsibility as founded in psychological states will be published by Oxford University Press this and capacities, which is fundamental to criminal autumn. They focus on the question of how the Childhood, was Twelve Year justice today, did not develop fully until the 20th treatment and understanding of female criminality a Whore, five times a Wife century. I was aware that early novels featured an were changing during the era which saw the extended debate on the nature and significance construction of the main building blocks of the (whereof once to her own brother), of ideas of character, and in Defoe, Richardson, modern criminal process – notably the adversarial trial Twelve Year a Thief, Eight Fielding, Burney and others, I quickly found what I process, policing and systematic legal representation. was looking for, alongside fascinating insights into They tell the story of the shifting relationship between Year a Transported Felon in the operation of contemporary criminal justice. informal codes of norms and the formal system of Virginia, at last grew Rich, liv’d The novels also shed considerable light on the criminal justice, and of the impact on women of further question of how ideas of responsibility these complementary systems of discipline. I hope Honest and died a Penitent. are modulated by changing assumptions about that this story casts light into corners which remain gender and class. As I was thinking about how obscure in accounts informed by a single discipline. Written from her own Memorandums to carve out a distinctive theme for the Clarendon Leverhulme also allowed me to take up another (Daniel Defoe, 1722) Lectures, which I delivered in Oxford last autumn, opportunity which I would have otherwise had to 20 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I From to modernity Moll

‘While it was entirely natural for Defoe to have a sexually

decline: the invitation to deliver the 2007 Hamlyn set the nature and genesis of criminal justice policy in active, socially Lectures. These lectures, which have run annually Britain and America within a comparative perspective, since 1949, are aimed at a general audience and, to make the case for thinking that, far from being an marginal female according to the Trust set up by their founder, invariable factor, the rise of penal populism does not thief as his central Emma Hamlyn, should be concerned with ‘the characterise all late modern democracies. Rather, comparative jurisprudence and ethnology of the certain features of social, political and economic protagonist, only chief European countries’. This gave me an ideal organisation, characterising two systematically forum to focus on another question on which I have different varieties of capitalism, favour or inhibit the half a century later been working intermittently for the last decade: maintenance of penal tolerance and humanity in why is it that, notwithstanding proportionately punishment. Just as it is wrong to suppose that this would become similar rising and falling crime rates in most crime can be tackled in terms of criminal justice policy advanced democracies over the last 50 years, alone, it is erroneous to think that criminal justice next to unthinkable’ reaction in terms of levels of punishment has been policy is autonomous. Rather, the capacities which markedly varied? It is a project which is close to my governments possess to develop and implement heart, both politically, and because my argument criminal justice policies, and the constraints under is animated by the work of my husband, political which they do so, are a function not only of perceived scientist David Soskice, formerly a centennial crime problems, or the cultural norms or macro- professor at LSE and now research professor economic forces which surround them, but also of of comparative at Oxford. Its institutional factors distinctive to particular political genesis therefore crosses the boundaries and economic systems. Notwithstanding a degree between those two primary sources of intellectual of convergence, ‘globalisation’ has left many of inspiration: the library and the dinner table. the institutional differences between advanced The starting point of my analysis is the widely democracies intact, and these may help to explain remarked fact that, in the last three decades, British the striking differences in crime levels and penal treatment on the basis of assessments of their criminal justice policy has become increasingly severity between otherwise relatively similar societies. ‘dangerousness’. These phenomena are closely politicised. Both the scale and intensity of Only by understanding the institutional preconditions related to the mentality which has characterised criminalisation, and the salience of criminal justice for a tolerant criminal justice system, I argue, can we recent British and American criminal justice policy. It policy as an index of governments’ competence, think clearly about the possible options for reform would of course be interesting to investigate whether have developed in new and worrying ways. Across within the British system. this resurgence of character is also affecting other the Atlantic, we witness the inexorable rise of the US The journey from Moll Flanders to Tess of the countries. But that might just take another Leverhulme. prison population: a ratcheting up of penal severity D’Urbervilles may appear distant from today’s n which seems unstoppable in the face of popular rising prison populations. But to me there are anxiety about crime. Many scholars have reached strong connections. In my further work on criminal the depressing conclusion that contemporary responsibility, I will track developments up to democracies are constrained to tread the same the present day. This will involve an analysis of path of penal populism and severity, albeit that their a resurgence of character-based principles of progress along it is variously advanced. responsibility-attribution not so different from Nicola Lacey But is this dystopian vision convincing? In those prevailing in the 18th century: mandatory is professor of criminal law and legal theory at LSE The Prisoners’ Dilemma: political economy and sentencing laws; counter-terrorism laws which and a fellow of the British Academy. Her book A Life of HLA Hart: the nightmare and the noble dream (Oxford punishment in contemporary democracies, to be distinguish between foreign nationals and others; University Press, 2004) was awarded the Swiney Prize published by Cambridge University Press in May, I legal arrangements singling people out for restrictive and shortlisted for the British Academy Book Prize and I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 21 Rodent’s rambles

he Department of Rule and Rebellion colleague who had in their turn been given it which rested there. They were in alphabetical recently moved to a less tattered part of by Harold Laski himself. I opened the upper order. And not just any words, sentences, or Tthe School, partly in order to improve its of two small doors, and began taking out the paragraphs. ‘Agitprop’; ‘barricades’; ‘coup’; own accommodation, and partly to make way curling cardboard folder at the front. There ‘dialectic’; ‘entryism’; ‘Foucault’; ‘guerrilla’. for its old quarters to be refurbished to within was a scuffling sound, a whisper of disturbed Across the wooden shelving they spread, an inch of their life. For months the corridors, paper, and several small tails disappeared the purloined fragments from my shelves, stairways and rooms were busy with boxes through a crack in the back of the woodwork. the data base of insurgent mammals. and bin liners, as academics riffled through Mice! I thought we’d got rid of those a long On the lower shelf was a faded wooden their books and papers, wondering what they time ago, but here they were back again, and reproduction of the old LSE coat of arms, could pack, what they could send to other if it weren’t for the move, I’d never have known. with a beaver below, and two books above. more needy universities, and what not even I took out the concealing folder, and looked And curled beneath was the familiar motto, the most needy colleague in the most under- in dismay at the chewed pieces of paper ‘rerum…’ – but no, it wasn’t, someone had resourced college could possibly regard as that lay behind it. A capacious mouse nest. changed it. I looked more closely. There anything but a burdensome use of shelf space. But there was something odd about it. Usually could be no doubt, it was quite different, and Moving rooms concentrates the mind these weavings of gnawed scraps have an in the vernacular, the favourite language of wonderfully, and yards of academic journal anarchic random mix of colours and textures, revolutionaries of all kinds and in all places. The back numbers which had been saved with care as if nature’s own paper shredder had been words, though a little obscured by dust, were over years and years were suddenly recognised at work to make sure that nothing remained still quite clear: ‘Rodents of the world unite, as redundant when the choice was between of meaning or data. This was quite different. you have nothing to choose but your brains.’ packing them, then unpacking and reshelving I turned my anglepoise lamp so that it shone them, or simply popping them in a black bin directly into the back of the cupboard and liner. The intellectual content of compost looked more closely at the shreds of paper Rodney Barker and landfill rose very sharply over the next few weeks, and my colleague Dinah B Feart remarked that had worms and crows been able to scavenge words and thoughts as well as just bits of discarded pizza, a cultural advance would have taken place in the natural world which would have thrown the evolutionary hierarchy into turmoil, and challenged the r

human monopoly on intelligent information lao ero gnis with a revolution by species that humanity di t ul el U d had despised or neglected for too long. ic ct I was going through my own dusty shelves le ia and forgotten drawers to see what I really Qu d ad am he p, eliq u needed, and what I had obviously forgotten o uis ndi c I ever had and so could clearly do without sm s yi icade tr for the next ten years. One consequence of barr en

A s for all the the long hibernation of much of my library hank ch g d t ees i an e t g, which I hadn’t appreciated before, was the p o lon r S o simple physical decay of so many of the p Foucault, guerilla books and journals. Not just the fading which sunlight inflicted slowly and relentlessly, so

that pages went brown and cracked and ero cor ad ore ent ut crumbled at the edges, but glue dried up and mol collapsed into dusty crumbs so that pages fell away, and whole sections where the paper itself seemed to have fallen apart. Pages had shreds completely missing, as if time had replaced the yellow highlighting of text with its physical removal. It was almost as if sections of paper had been nibbled away. I packed what was still useable, binned the rest, and stood back to see what else in the room needed a decision made about it. There was very little left, and only one last small cupboard, inherited from a long ago retired

22 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I hope to boost to around 200, ultimately Generating business expanding their events to other European cities. G2G’s future plans include introducing a hub strategy this summer, which will involve seminars focused on specific careers like media Keen to keep alive the social buzz of LSE, master’s student or politics. Hub events will be more intimate and personalised, providing participants with Lindsey Hall went in search of a new business that helps tips on how to get into the chosen industry. young graduates stay in touch. So far the feedback has been positive, with a variety of public figures including Baroness Sally Hamwee, chair of the London Assembly; David Willetts MP; and Sir Geoffrey Owen, former editor of the Financial Times, voicing their support. Howard Davies, School director, has also endorsed their endeavour, contributing to what Arthur describes as an overall feeling of goodwill between G2G and LSE; the Careers Centre provides Alex and Arthur each with a personal business coach; they’ve been made honorary members of the Students’ Union; and departments are spreading the word to their students. When I ask Arthur about the biggest obstacles to G2G’s success, he replies in philosophical fashion that he sees them ‘more as challenges’, explaining that he believes his organisation is unique because it targets professionals aged 20 to 30. ‘There’s nothing specifically out there Above: Alex George with Lindsey Hall outside LSE Garrick; and inset: Arthur Krebbers, who is currently honing for them, not just on an academic level, but on his entrepreneurial skills at the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business a personal and professional one.’ For Alex and ith graduation fast approaching, While Alex is enthusiastic and persuasive, Arthur Arthur, the ultimate aim of G2G is to get those I decided to find out more Krebbers is quiet and contemplative. It comes as without career contacts into the professional Wabout an LSE-inspired fledgling no surprise when he tells me he read philosophy milieu, and also to prevent young professionals business called Generation 2 Generation as an LSE undergraduate. He also graduated in London from being pigeon-holed into (G2G), which ‘offers exclusive speaker and in 2007, and now pursues a postgraduate conversation with the person in the adjacent networking events for UK graduates and degree in management. He continues his cubicle for the next 30 years. ‘Our vision is to link young professionals’. As a pending graduate involvement in the Students’ Union and works today’s youth. We want to help you grow, and to I do not want to lose the social network I’ve as a senior steward for the LSE Events Office. continue to grow after university,’ Arthur explains. Like many other students about to strike built up at LSE. As a perennial foreigner, I’ll While Alex is a native of Lancashire, Arthur out from the shores of academia, I’m in take all the advice I can get about surviving only arrived in London in 2004 from his home need of guidance. G2G acts as something the cut throat London professional world. town, the Hague. The two met through the of a lifeboat, keeping newcomers to the real I meet Alex George, one of the two founders Students’ Union, where both enjoyed rubbing world afloat until they learn how to swim. of G2G, first. Seated in Costa this blustery shoulders with high profile speakers at SU Friday morning, I’m greeted by a confident 23 events, and found themselves asking why the year old who comes breezing in, copy of The experience has to end with graduation. ‘It’s quite Economist in hand. Alex graduated from LSE in a jump for people, from university to their first 2007 with a degree in history and now studies job,’ Arthur explains. When I ask him how his at the London College of Law. He spent his background led him to establish G2G, he says time at LSE involved in the student debate that philosophy teaches analytical skills, which Lindsey Hall is studying for a master’s in Media and Communications and writing for , and over coffee he contribute to the entrepreneurial mindset. ‘It at LSE. confides easily that his three main interests are makes you question why people do things.’ law, entrepreneurship and writing. ‘I’ve tried Although they haven’t found the sponsors they debate, I’ve tried journalism, and now I’d like hope will eventually finance G2G, Hobsons to try business.’ He’s already made impressive has signed on as a strategic partner and the Students, recent graduates and young achievements in each of these fields, and it’s English Speaking Union provides venues for professionals are invited to attend Generation 2 Generation events, which cost easy to imagine G2G going far with his ambition. their events. The business’s official launch on £5-10. You can join their mailing list for free When I meet the other half of G2G in the Garrick 4 February 2008, entitled ‘Passing the torch: at later that same day, it becomes clear why the challenges for 21st century leaders’, attracted two business partners complement one another. about 50 people – a number the founders I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 23 54 Lincoln’s Inn Fields

When LSE opens its New Academic Building later this year it will, at long last, provide the School with an academic environment consistent with its academic reputation.

Bought in 2004, the building on Kingsway is ‘LSE means so much to me and so I wanted currently undergoing radical alterations that will to do whatever I could to pay back the see it transformed from its early 20th century wonderful experience that I had here and design to one fitting the 21st century. Indeed, make it available to others. LSE is aiming for a building which will be one of the most environmentally-friendly in the area. I was really just interested in supporting LSE and its priorities, and so because the New At the opening of the new building, the project Academic Building is the next step in the will have taken over two years to construct evolution of the School, I was delighted to and represents an investment of £71 million. It support it. It’s clearly going to make a big will provide four lecture theatres and a further difference to LSE and I’m glad to be a part two floors of teaching facilities, along with of the effort to build it.’ departmental and academic offices on the upper floors. David Heleniak (MSc Economics 1969) LSE Centennial Fund Board chairman, USA This has been a worldwide initiative, with North American Advisory Board philanthropic support from alumni, friends, trusts and foundations, staff, parents and corporations and legacy gifts from more than 20 countries across the world. To date, this has included more than 65 gifts of £10,000 or more and four gifts of £1 million or more. The philanthropic contributions of more than 300 parents through the Friends and Family Programme alone have provided over £86,500 of support. For many alumni contributing towards the New Academic Building has been a way of ensuring that their experience of LSE will live on.

24 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I ‘I think supporting LSE is as noble a cause as any I can think of. It is education, it is a winning formula. It is a university that reaches a variety of cultures and a variety of geographies. The New Academic Building is an example of vision, and an example of commitment. It will immensely improve the quality of the student experience at the School, for my children and for others that will follow. Something of this scale will dramatically change and improve the campus, and will create pace and quality at LSE.’ Paulo de Pessoa de Araujo, chairman of the Friends and Family Committee, parent of two LSE undergraduate students, UK

‘The New Academic Building is perhaps the ‘These new facilities will enable even more most ambitious and significant enhancement talented students from across the world to of the LSE campus to date. Its size, benefit from the opportunities and experiences location and architectural features and that an LSE education can provide. developments will enhance the School’s The New Academic Building will not only presence and connect with its surroundings. provide outstanding teaching facilities, but It will also provide an integral element of infra- also contemporary meeting rooms and social structure to bring together previously fragmented spaces to meet to discuss and exchange departments and play a key role in the long term ideas outside of the lecture theatre.’ strategic planning for the LSE campus.’ Nigel Williams (BSc Monetary Economics Richard Karl Goeltz (General Course 1963), 1977), Switzerland Development Committee North American Advisory Board

I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 25 Supporting LSE

LSE CHOICE LSE says ‘thanks one hundred million’ to our supporters

Thanks to philanthropic support from the Sutton Trust and the Foundation, the LSE CHOICE initiative is continuing to work with talented pupils around London to raise their aspirations and encourage them to fulfil their educational potential. Launched in 2006, LSE CHOICE is the flagship component of the School’s Widening Participation initiatives and works with gifted Year 10 and 11 pupils from around London. It has been generously supported by the Sutton Trust and the Goldman Sachs Foundation since the programme began and 1 LSE is delighted that both partners have now renewed their support for the scheme for a further three cohorts through to 2011. The first pupils to graduate from LSE CHOICE have now completed their A levels and over 40 students are now enjoying their first year as undergraduates, 12 of them at LSE. 3 The Atlantic Philanthropies has also lent its support to the initiative by providing scholarship support for a graduate of LSE CHOICE to study at LSE. 2 LSE will also host a ‘convening’ on Pictured above: 1. Alumni, friends and staff celebrate at Middle Temple Hall. Widening Participation in Europe 2. Development Committee chairman Cato Stonex (BSc International Relations 1983) in summer 2009. Part of a series and LSE Centennial Fund Board chairman David Heleniak (MSc Economics 1969). which begins this summer with the 3. LSE chairman Peter Sutherland and North American Advisory Board member, Sheila Penrose (MSc Economics 1972). 4. Parent Spyros Karnessis and Campaign 4 Sutton Trust/Carnegie Corporation Committee member Lord Saatchi (BSc Sociology 1967) Summit on Social Mobility in New York, this will showcase schemes On 10 March, 200 LSE alumni, endowment by £13.5 million. It point for LSE’s long-term strategic including LSE CHOICE and friends and staff celebrated the has dramatically developed and and philanthropic ambitions as the research on issues including the completion of the Campaign for expanded the LSE campus and School embarks on the next exciting ‘missing 3000’ – state school pupils LSE at an evening event at Middle attracted world leading academics stage in its development. who have the grades to access top Temple Hall. and funded contemporary research. Guests were also treated to a series universities but who do not apply. The evening marked the completion Over dinner, guests heard from of audio-visual presentations, which of the £100 million Campaign for LSE director Howard Davies and highlighted the achievements of the LSE and its impact on the School, volunteer leaders George Davidson Campaign and the unique work and and enabled LSE to thank some of (General Course 1971), chairman reputation of LSE. those supporters whose foresight, of the Alumni Association; Sheila LSE would like to thank every commitment and generosity made Penrose (MSc Economics 1972), one of the 12,000 alumni, friends, the Campaign possible. North American Advisory Board staff, parents, foundations and With a total of over £105 million, member; and Ashley Mitchell (BSc corporations from over 90 countries the Campaign for LSE is one of the Economics 1967), Campaign who have supported the School largest completed campaigns in the Committee chairman, who thanked through the Campaign for LSE. them for their support of the School. UK higher education sector to date. To find out more about the impact It has provided scholarship support New LSE chairman Peter of the Campaign for LSE go to: for over 600 students across the Sutherland spoke of the Campaign www.lse.ac.uk/supportinglse world and increased the School’s for LSE being a fundamental starting

26 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I Supporting LSE

£200 million matching gift scheme LSE in partnership with alumni to to encourage philanthropy support PhD students to UK higher education LSE is delighted to announce The UK Government is looking Supporting the School in this way two new full scholarships for to encourage donors throughout also offers donors the opportunity PhD students working in the the world to support UK higher to join the Annual Fund’s gift International Relations and education by introducing a scheme clubs which enable donors to International History departments. to match private donations to engage with the School and fellow Recipients of the Stonex PhD universities with public funds. LSE supporters throughout the year. Scholarships will have research will participate in this initiative which The matched funding scheme affiliations with LSE IDEAS – LSE’s will encourage all alumni and friends begins on 1 August 2008 and will new centre for the study of to support the School through the run until 31 July 2011. In order to international affairs, diplomacy Annual Fund. We anticipate that achieve the aims of the scheme and strategy (see page 8). gifts made to the Annual Fund will we are keen to increase the The scholarships will be awarded be matched on a 3:1 basis so for number of donors to the School to students demonstrating every £3 of private support the through the Annual Fund. School will receive an extra £1 from exceptional ability and the government. Supporting the School through achievement, and will cover the scheme will enable donors to both fees and living expenses. make an even greater difference These scholarships will make up part to the School. of LSE’s PhD Partnership Scheme, Full details will be released when the which was launched in 2004 and programme begins in August and encourages three-way funding for or corporate donor, the individual we will keep you updated through doctorate students. Funding for the academic department and School future editions of the LSE Magazine. scheme is split between a private funds, covering course fees.

LSE Annual Fund

The fifth Annual Fund Director’s Circle reception was held in the Shaw Library on 12 March. The event gave LSE the opportunity to thank some of our leading Annual Fund donors for their support. The evening began with a lecture from Pulitzer Prize winner Professor David Levering Lewis, before alumni and parents joined LSE staff in the Shaw Library to hear remarks from Howard Davies, Libby Meyer, SU treasurer, and Andrew Farrell, director of finance and facilities. The Annual Fund programme encourages alumni, parents and friends of the School to give donations which enable • address the pressing problem scientists who suffer threats in a diverse range of projects of climate change, through a their home country. on campus each year. conference in Rwanda focusing on Without your support these projects this important policy issue for the Thanks to the support of alumni, would not have been possible. staff, students and governors, this region Thank you to everyone who has year, unrestricted gifts to the Annual • enhance the experiences of supported the Annual Fund this year. Fund have continued to make a real students outside their studies, To view a full list of projects and for difference and helped to: by funding an academic more information on supporting the • promote excellence and innovation trip, language centre, film Annual Fund, go to www.lse.ac.uk/ in methods of teaching through the screenings, an entrepreneurial annualfund or contact the Annual Teaching Innovation Awards challenge and the refurbishment Fund team at +44 (0)20 7955 6081. of the SU Advice Centre • connect current LSE academics with alumni, business leaders and • continue the School’s tradition policy makers in Southeast Asia of welcoming intellectuals in exile through the LSE Asia Forum by making LSE available to social I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 27 Letters to the editor

We welcome letters by post or email. Please send correspondence to: Editor, LSE Magazine, Press and Information Office, LSE, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE. Email: [email protected] The editor reserves the right to cut and edit letters.

Bill Phillips

In the 1950s, third year engineering Nicholas Barr’s piece on the undergraduates from Imperial Phillips water machine was a College used to spend one day a great boon in a way that has week at LSE. We sat at the feet of been widely overlooked. Professor Sir Arnold Plant and were As one of James Meade’s students taken through the fundamentals at the time, it settled transparently of classical economics and the the fallacy behind the controversy theory of the firm. Fifty years between two great men of the on, I remember the way that Bill day. We poor students were forced Phillips brought Keynes to life. to read the enigmatic papers in Standing in front of his ‘MONIAC’, the Economic Journal by Keynes I enjoyed Nick Barr’s memoir ‘Bill and opening and closing valves and Robertson in order to make Phillips: a life less ordinary’ (LSE with a flourish between puffs on up our minds as to whether the Magazine, winter 2008) which his cigarette, he gave a brilliant rate of interest was determined by captures Bill’s achievements discourse on analogue modelling. savings and investment or by the combined with his modesty exactly. Those were the days before supply and demand for money. Readers of the magazine might digital computers were common Phillips showed them both to be Student be interested that Mike Hally in and back in South Kensington correct, clarifying for the first time, memories his excellent book Electronic I remember courses on the for me anyway, the essence of the Brains: stories from the dawn of engineering applications of difference between stocks and flows I felt that I must write to say how the computer age (Granta Books, differential analysers and electronic in economic theory. Looking at his much I appreciate receipt of 2005) devotes Chapter 8 to Bill and analogue computers. Bill was machine you could actually see the your LSE Magazine. It is rather the Phillips machine. Incidentally using water rather than electricity rate of interest, measured by the remarkable that after a span of 60 my wife, Emeritus Professor Ailsa but he gave my best ever lectures height of water in the tank, being years you continue to send out the Land, worked with Bill for a year as on the applications of analogue affected by both its size and the magazine to old students. Shortly a research officer in the Economics computing and, after a lifetime volume of water as well as by flows after 1947, due to illness, I lost all Research Division. in engineering, I still remember of water into and out of the tank. contact with LSE, as well as fellow students. Your magazine now Frank Land, emeritus professor, his enthusiasm for the subject. Colin Harbury (BCom 1950) brought back glimpses of memory Information Systems and David Jeffers (Diploma Business emeritus professor of economics, of my student years. Innovation Group, Administration 1960) City University Department of Management, LSE Surrey, UK UK I came to England from Germany in 1938 at the age of 12 without any knowledge whatsoever of Musical interlude It was a wonderful venue to Tales from the till the English language. During the escape the concentration required war years as well as the Blitz, I I would very much like to read ‘Tales of a heavy academic workload, attended Hendon County School from the Till’ (‘LSE News – Bernard where one could, however and gained entry to LSE in 1944. Levin Award’, LSE Magazine, winter briefly, replace Wittgenstein’s I felt privileged to be able to go 2007). I have just retired from a Philosophical Investigations with to Cambridge, where LSE was career in professional food service Beethoven’s Waldstein, and evacuated until the end of the war management and have always been Marx and Engels’ Manifesto with in 1945. The following two years interested in the interaction of food Mozart’s Requiem. were spent at LSE in Houghton service staff and their customers. The fact that today’s lunchtime Street. I remember using the Our son studied abroad and and evening concerts attract a full fascinating Law Library. At that attended LSE (1995-96). He house of students, faculty, staff time the eminent Professor Hayek receives LSE Magazine and I have and the public is a splendid way to and Sir Harold Laski were on the always found it very interesting. n bring the School and community staff of the college. We were a very Mort Cohan small group of BCom students. How delightful to hear that music is together around the joy of the Falmouth, MA, USA After my marriage in 1951, I ‘alive and kicking at LSE’ (‘Music At musical arts. Bravo! worked in the family merchant LSE’, LSE Magazine, winter 2007), Dr John M Carfora [Justin Gest’s essay, which won the first award for student business in the City of London. a tune that no doubt strikes a (MSc Econ 1978) journalism, is available to download Lieselotte Tell chord with many readers who recall Northampton, MA USA at www.lse.ac.uk/collections/ the Shaw Library as a haven for pressAndInformationOffice/PDF/ (née Kleeman, BCom 1947) relaxation and musical pleasure. TalesFromTheTill.pdf] London, UK 28 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I LSE news

Huge boost to climate change research public awareness and contribute to private-sector strategy formation.’ The LSE will collaborate with the engineering, scientific, medical and technological expertise of the Grantham Institute for Climate Change at Imperial to build links between the natural and scientific study of, and policy towards, climate change and its effects. The Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the LSE is to establish a world leading donation of £12 million from the Environment at LSE will act centre for policy-relevant research Grantham Foundation. A common as an umbrella body for LSE’s and training in climate change advisory board will oversee the work contribution to climate change and the environment as a result of both Institutes. and environment. This will include of a donation of over £12 million The Granthams’ total investment the work of the Centre for Climate LSE awards from philanthropists Jeremy and of over £24 million, made through Change Economics and Policy, Hannelore Grantham. the Grantham Foundation for the to be established at LSE this year own degrees with £5 million over five years from The Grantham Research Institute Protection of the Environment, is one After 113 years the School has on Climate Change and the of the largest private donations to the Economic and Social Research awarded its first degree. It went to Environment at LSE will bring climate change research. Council. The ESRC Centre is postgraduate student Enrico Sette together international expertise on a partnership between Leeds Professor Stern said: ’As scientists who received a PhD in Economics economics, finance, geography, University and LSE, managed continue to play their role in from the director, Howard Davies. by Professor Judith Rees and the environment, international analysing the causes and effects Dr Andy Gouldson. All the School’s previous graduates development and political economy. of climate change, it is crucial that have had their degrees conferred It will be chaired by Lord Stern of social scientists take a lead in the Together the funding from the by the University of London. Brentford, author of the 2006 Stern building of policy. The Grantham Foundation and the Research However the School, founded Review, and will work closely with Institute will produce high quality, Council will enable the School to in 1895, will now award its own the Grantham Institute for Climate policy-relevant research, alongside work with its partners in Imperial and Change at Imperial College, London a range of outputs designed to Leeds to provide global leadership degrees to all students registering established last year also with a support policy development, raise towards policy on climate change. from 2008. To mark the event, Enrico Sette was given a reproduction of the very first support postdoctoral researchers Kuwait Programme launched University of London PhD awarded and PhD students develop in 1922, together with a bottle of academic networks between LSE champagne to toast his success. and Gulf institutions and host a regular seminar series as well as LSE director Howard Davies said: five major biennial conferences. ‘The time is right for us to make this change. Students choose LSE for Professor David Held, director the rigorous scholarship and open of the programme, said: ‘We will minded enquiry which are typical continue to commission research here and it makes sense for them on all aspects of the Gulf’s to receive a degree which bears the economies and society, to develop At the launch, left to right: Professor Mary Kaldor, Dr Mark Thatcher, Professor David LSE stamp. We’re proud to remain Held, Saad Al-Mehaini (Kuwait Embassy) and Professor George Gaskell our networks with scholars and part of the University of London but policy makers in the Gulf societies, A new programme looking at the Centre for the Study of Global we are taking sole responsibility for including exchange programmes. challenges facing resource rich Governance at LSE. our academic degrees.’ In short, we are building one of the Gulf economies was launched at It focuses on the challenges facing most comprehensive programmes Enrico said: ‘Of course my main LSE in February. resource rich Gulf economies, of research on the Gulf States.’ focus was to achieve my PhD and The Kuwait Programme on including globalisation, economic I’m delighted to have done that. But The Kuwait Programme is funded Development, Governance and development, trade relations it’s nice to make a little history in the by the Kuwait Foundation for the Globalisation in the Gulf States between the Gulf States and major process and know that I’m the first is a ten year multidisciplinary trading partners, energy trading, Advancement of Sciences. of thousands of future LSE students programme, based in the security and migration. It will also to receive such an award.’ I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 29 New Centre for Spatial Economics

A new centre to research disparities We aim to be a centre of in economic growth across the UK excellence for independent, will be set up at LSE this year. high quality, innovative, strategic The Centre for Spatial Economics, research, enhancing the evidence directed by Dr Henry Overman, base to improve our understanding reader in new economic geography of why some areas of the UK at the School, will look at why there outperform others.’ are differences in economic growth The programme has received at regional, city and local levels. funding of £2.4 million over an Left to right: Minister Yang, foreign secretary David Miliband and Professor Sarah Worthington sign the agreement for the Chevening scholarship Dr Overman said: ‘Although based initial three years from the ESRC, at LSE, the new centre will draw the Department for Business, together leading researchers in Enterprise and Regulatory Reform, New academic ties with the the field from across the country the Department for Communities including Glasgow, Newcastle, and Local Government and the People’s Republic of China Oxford and Swansea Universities. Welsh Assembly Government. LSE has established a new working on a specific research Chevening scholarship and places project. LSESU receives green award for two Chevening visiting scholars Professor Sarah Worthington, as part of an arrangement with the pro-director for research and For the second year running, the buildings to hosting tea dances and UK Foreign and Commonwealth external relations at the School, LSE Students’ Union was presented swap shops in the community, ­gain Office (FCO) and the Chinese said: ‘I am delighted at this further with the Bronze Standard Sound bronze standard and above. The nine Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA). opportunity for LSE to contribute Impact Award at a special ceremony greenest unions received prestigious The new FCO/MFA/LSE to the professional development in March. handmade sculptures, made from Chevening Scholarship will of Chinese government officials. A total of 67 students’ unions recycled window glass. Three more allow MFA employees who have The School is heavily engaged across the UK took part in the unions received awards for innovation, demonstrated academic and in teaching, research and accreditation scheme which helps the most improved score, and meeting professional excellence to study professional training in China, students’ unions do their bit for the community based eco challenges. for master’s degrees at LSE. including partnerships with environment. Only those unions The awards aim to encourage, The first scholarship begins at LSE Chinese educators.’ that meet the 21 essential criteria, ­ nurture, reward and celebrate in autumn 2008, when two officials Both programmes are funded from recycling glass and using environmental best practice in at the MFA will also join the School by the FCO through the energy efficient light bulbs in union students’ unions. as Chevening visiting scholars, Chevening Programme. Student life

We asked Mark Harrison, a second year We don’t like to go on about our charity work, but this year the student Anthropology student and station manager body went full throttle on the fundraising trail. For the first time, an all year for Pulse Radio, to give us a student view round effort to raise money for our RAG (Raising and Giving) charities kicked of recent life on campus. off with great success. Activities under the banner of ‘doing it for the kids’ Where did the time go? Hardly an original included a wildly successful Freshers’ Ball, a sponsored hitchhike to Paris, question, and no doubt one that has been asked and blindfolded speed dating on Valentine’s Day. The money keeps rolling in by every student to have graced Houghton Street, and the tireless RAG team is already beavering away at plans for next year. but the cliché stands. It seems like only last week In sports news, the Athletics Union managed to take a quick break a brand new horde of freshers were making their from their commitments to the Three Tuns bar and Australian-themed first tentative steps into the Three Tuns bar (and club Walkabout to notch up quite a few victories over the year. It was a slightly less coordinated steps out, as Freshers’ Week took its toll). This year particularly impressive year for men’s basketball, women’s badminton, has been as busy as ever with student activities across the board proving and women’s squash – whose team also managed to pick up the team that it’s impossible to get bored at LSE. of the year trophy at the sophisticated and sober Annual Ball. The student body attempted to prove that we haven’t forgotten LSE’s And finally: keeping an eye on things, the Media Group is continuing in their politically active spirit as we stepped out of the Library long enough to hold never ending mission to inform and influence the student body. The Beaver a week of elections for the Students’ Union. By far the most entertaining (the big brother of the group) has been grilling our Students’ Union elected elections in years, it was technology that ended up the real winner. With officials to new Jeremy Paxman heights and seems to have taken a slightly online voting in force, Pulse Radio, Loose TV and The Beaver newspaper more laid back and less scandal driven approach than we’ve seen in previous joined together like a wonderful dysfunctional family to produce over six years. Pulse Radio (always the cooler younger sibling) has come along in leaps hours of outstanding live TV coverage of the night (absolutely no bias from and bounds thanks to a summer re-launch and heroically dedicated team me as one of the presenters). Satirical blogs took on a Private Eye style completing a non-stop 118 hour broadcast to raise money for RAG. And to to cover all of the street campaigns and inevitable ‘scandals’, and videos round it off Loose TV (the arty ‘no-one understands me’ sibling) keeps doing mocking the candidates even made their way onto YouTube. its thing and produced a series of pretty funny short videos for RAG week.

30 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I LSE news

UBS Career Comeback Library news Disarmament archives during this their 50th anniversary year. LSE Executive Education and the personal action plan for re-entering Library awarded National Booth Online Archive Research Library status financial firm UBS have joined forces the workforce. The Charles Booth Online Archive – to launch a course geared at helping Simon Flemington, CEO of LSE The Library has been awarded a searchable resource giving access professionals re-enter the workforce. Executive Education said: ‘Current National Research Library status to archive material from the Booth UBS Career Comeback is aimed research has shown that there are by the Higher Education Funding collections of LSE Archives and at degree educated professionals numerous challenges faced by Council for England (HEFCE) in the Senate House Library – has with a minimum of five years’ work people returning to the workplace recognition of its position as a been launched to coincide with an experience, preferably in financial which can be overcome with major research library. The Library exhibition at Tate Britain. services, who would like help in the right preparation and expert had to meet key criteria including: The Booth collection at LSE getting back into the workforce knowledge and this is exactly what a unique collection or critical Archives contains the original after an 18 month to seven year this course can offer.’ mass of rare material; a significant records from Booth’s survey into career break. Mona Lau, UBS Global Head of and essential contribution to the life and labour in London, dating The course, which is free of charge, Diversity, said: ‘At UBS we know national research base; a track from 1886 to 1903. The archives includes: business updates from from experience that talented record of high quality services and of the Senate House Library leading professors in finance, individuals can successfully facilities for external users. contain Booth family papers from marketing, technology and strategy; relaunch their careers. We’re 1799 to 1967. professional one to one coaching; confident that this programme One of Charles Booth’s Maps an overview of the current regulatory will give them the cutting edge Descriptive of London Poverty went environment; and development of a information they need so that they on display in Tate Britain’s exhibition can hit the ground running.’ Modern Painters: the Camden The course was very successful, Town Group. The map, depicting with 200 applicants for just 50 the Camden area, forms part of places. For more on Executive the materials used to provide a Education visit: www.lse.ac.uk/ backdrop to the work of this group collections/execEd of artists, known for their interest in the changing life of the capital in the early 20th century. Protest and Survive: peace To take a closer look at all of First Deutsche Bank Urban Age award movements during the Cold War Booth’s maps and find out more Two city projects which transform from organisations working in the An exhibition of posters and publicity about his investigation into the lives of Mumbai’s citizens slums and the historic districts. for the peace movement went on London life, visit the online archive were awarded the first Deutsche The winners, who will share show in the Atrium, Student Services at http://booth.lse.ac.uk Bank Urban Age Award (DBUA) in $100,000, were announced by Centre earlier this year. The exhibition, November last year. Dr Josef Ackermann, CEO of designed to coincide with the The award, established to Deutsche Bank (see page 13), International Conference on Peace encourage citizens to take initiatives following a unanimous decision Movements in the Cold War and to improve their cities, is organised by an international jury. DBUA is Beyond, featured documents held in by the Urban Age Project, a joint a roving award, which in 2008 will LSE Archives which illustrate some LSE and Deutsche Bank’s Alfred be located in Sao Paulo, Brazil. major Cold War events and themes. Herrhausen Society initiative. For more information on the award The display also celebrated the The Triratana Prerana Mandal or the Urban Age project visit: move to LSE of the archives of initiative and the Mumbai www.urban-age.net/index.html European Nuclear Disarmament, Waterfronts Development Centre and a major new project to open were selected from 74 applications up access to Campaign for Nuclear

What lessons can be learnt from the current financial crisis?

In March, the LSE Financial Markets Tucker, markets executive director warning that banks should avoid programme director of Regulation Group and Deutsche Bank hosted a at the Bank of England, that hasty measures and her advice and Financial Stability, FMG; special one day conference entitled commercial banks may be forced that transparency was the key to practitioner perspectives on the ‘The Structure of Regulation: lessons to hold more funds to act as a restore faith in the system. current crisis with Mark Wood of from the crisis of 2007’. cushion in times of financial crisis, Held at the Royal College Paternoster; and panel discussions The conference attracted prominent were covered in the national of Surgeons in London, the on the response of the regulatory speakers from, amongst others, and international press. French conference featured sessions system to the crisis and conclusions the Swiss National Bank, Banking Commission secretary including: the current crisis and for financial markets. International Institute of Finance, general Daniele Nouy’s statement historical perspectives with Gillian For more information or to read Paternoster and the US Federal that market confidence needed Tett, capital markets editor at the and listen to the conference visit: Deposit Insurance Corporation. to be restored after months Financial Times; the regulatory fmg.lse.ac.uk/news/newspage. The event received widespread of bad news, also received response to the financial crisis, given php?newsid=182 coverage. Comments by Paul widespread coverage, as did her by Professor Charles Goodhart,

I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 31 LSE shortlisted Student Services Centre award for excellence for IT Training awards

LSE was shortlisted for two awards by the Institute of IT Training this year – the first year that any higher education institution has reached the shortlist. • The School’s IT training portal, which provides a one-stop shop and willing, offering their own for training events across the personal style when dealing with School, was shortlisted for Internal users and a great capacity to Training Project of the Year. network; the central location and • The IT Services training team, impressive surroundings of the in partnership with Watsonia centre reflected the importance Publishing, was also shortlisted the School gives to student The SCC was assessed over a two for External Training Project of The Student Services Centre services; and the team’s ideas for day visit and via interviews with staff, the Year for migration of training (SSC) has succeeded in continuous quality improvement materials to Office 2003. securing re-recognition under alongside interviews with a range such as the student ‘oyster card’ the Matrix standard. of users from across the School, were all key strengths. To view the IT training portal visit: including student groups. www.lse.ac.uk/training Matrix is an externally assessed Overall the assessor was highly quality framework covering the In the informal feedback session, impressed and advised that the effective delivery of information, the assessor commented that Centre be put forward for a Matrix advice and guidance to customers. the SSC staff were approachable excellence award.

LSE people In the Queen’s New Year Honours knowledge of, and diplomacy of, Economic Affairs by the Kiel Institute Amartya Sen, Sam Bowles, Robert list 2008, John Ashworth, School wider Asian affairs. for the World Economy. The aim of Frank, Paul Streeten, Juliet Schor, director 1990-96, received a Dr David Lane, the award is to build a community of Herman Daly, Richard Nelson and Dani Rodrik. knighthood for public services. Managerial Economics the brightest young researchers in Professor David Metcalf, and Strategy and the area of global economic affairs. Professor Christian List, Employment Relations and Operational Research Professor Lenny Department of Government, Organisational Behaviour group, groups, has been Smith, Department of has been awarded a Philip received a CBE for public service awarded the 2007 Jay Wright Statistics, Centre for Leverhulme Prize. The prize and Professor Robert Harvey Forrester Award. The award, given the Analysis of Time rewards outstanding young Cassen, visiting professor, received by the System Dynamics Society for Series (CATS), is part scholars of substantial distinction an OBE for services to education. the best contribution to the field of of a new e-Roundtable, organised and promise. Professor List Dr Oriana Bandiera, system dynamics in the preceding by the Bulletin of the Atomic co-initiated the theory of Department of five years, was given jointly with Scientists to explain the theory judgment aggregation, promoted Economics, and co-researcher Elke Husemann. behind global weather forecasting a dialogue between ‘aggregative’ colleagues were jointly Their work explores the underlying and discuss how climate and ‘deliberative’ conceptions of democracy, and has proved awarded the Institute social theory of the system predictions should be interpreted some new formal results on the for the Study of Labor (IZA) Young dynamics approach. and used. Other members are Labor Economist Award in January. James Murphy, UK Met Office; properties of majority rule. Dr Mathijs Pelkmans, Department The award, which honours an Gavin Schmidt, NASA Goddard Professor Sarah of Anthropology, has been awarded outstanding paper published by Institute for Space Studies; and Worthington young labour economists under the 2007 William A Douglass Book Claudia Tebaldi, Rand Corporation. will continue as the age of 40, was given for their Prize in Europeanist Anthropology Professor Robert Wade, pro-director for by the Society for the Anthropology paper ‘Social preferences and the Development Studies Institute, has of Europe for Defending the Border: Research and response to incentives: evidence been awarded the 2008 Leontief identity, religion, and modernity in External Relations at LSE for from personnel data’. Prize for Advancing the Frontiers of the Republic of Georgia (Cornell a further two years. Professor Professor Fred Halliday, Economic Thought. The prize, in University Press, 2006). Worthington, who took up the Department of International honour of Nobel Prize winner Wassily pro-directorship in 2005, is Relations, has been awarded the Sir Dr Stephen Redding, Centre Leontief, recognises exceptional responsible for the promotion Percy Sykes Memorial Medal by the for Economic Performance, and contributions to theoretical and and development of the School’s Royal Society of Asian Affairs. One Dr Silvana Tenreyro, Department practical understanding of equity external activities and relations, of the highest honours awarded by of Economics, have been selected and development, at global and strategic alliances, research the RSAA, it is given to outstanding as two of the winners of the local levels. Earlier winners include and academic innovation, and individuals for their contribution to 2008 Excellence Award in Global JK Galbraith, former LSE professor alternative income streams.

32 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I LSE news

Union busters Research news – a threat to workers’ rights

age three, move up from the 15th Tactics used by US employers to percentile to the 45th percentile keep unions out of the workplace by age five. If this trend were to are being increasingly used in the continue, the children from affluent UK as employers here begin to hire backgrounds who are doing poorly firms of union busting consultants at age three would be likely to to persuade their workers overtake the poorer but initially bright against the benefits of union children in test scores by age seven. membership, warns a new report by Dr John Logan, Employment Inequalities in degree acquisition Relations and Organisational meanwhile persist across different Behaviour Group, LSE. income groups. While 44 per cent of young people from the richest 20 The report, for the Trades Union per cent of households acquired a Congress (TUC), explains that degree in 2002, only ten per cent union busting is a multi-billion dollar from the poorest 20 per cent of business in the US. Consultants households did so. from firms such as the Burke Group and Jackson Lewis have Dr Jo Blanden commented: ‘By Low social mobility in UK been so successful that despite looking at the relationship between some 60 million Americans Social mobility in the UK remains at previous generations has continued. children’s educational outcomes at saying that they would like to join the low level it was for those born It finds that the UK remains low in different ages and parental income, a union, membership currently in 1970, with recent generations the international rankings of social we can predict likely patterns of stands at just seven and a half of children’s educational outcomes mobility when compared with other mobility for cohorts who have not per cent of the US private sector still overwhelmingly tied to their advanced nations. yet reached adulthood. On this workforce. The report says that the parents’ income. This is one of Parental background continues to basis we cannot find any evidence tactics used by union busters are the key findings from a report exert a very powerful influence on that the sharp drop in mobility designed to frighten and intimidate by Dr Jo Blanden and Professor the academic progress of children. observed for children growing up in workers away from any union Stephen Machin of LSE’s Centre for Those from the poorest fifth of the 1970s and 1980s has continued. attempt to recruit them at work. Economic Performance, funded by households but in the brightest But nor can we find evidence that the Sutton Trust. group at age three drop from the mobility has improved.’ Dr John Logan said: ‘For over three decades, so-called “union The report reviews evidence related 88th percentile on cognitive tests For more information, see avoidance consultants” have helped to children born between 1970 and at age three to the 65th percentile www.lse.ac.uk/collections/ 2000, to determine whether the at age five. Those from the richest pressAndInformationOffice/ American employers undermine their workers’ fundamental right to decline in social mobility between households who are least able at researchExcellence.htm organise and bargain collectively. The United States has an entire industry dedicated exclusively to The report, which covers the period Better opportunities but more stopping workers from forming 1984 to 2004, also reveals that class a union. Several of these US differences in rewards and conditions pressure for Britain’s employees consultants are now operating have been growing even wider internationally and are seeking to The results of a major research careers and long term employment than previously. British employees expand their business in the UK and study examining the prospects in defiance of market pressures. give equal weight to financial and elsewhere in Europe. It is essential and job conditions of British Individual consultation and non-financial considerations when that union busting is not allowed to employees challenge much of judging job desirability. bargaining is becoming more flourish on this side of the Atlantic.’ the received wisdom about the prevalent as trade unions decline. Patrick McGovern said: ‘The major Download the report at www.tuc. changing world of work. However this development has story about work in Britain is not that it has become more precarious or org.uk/extras/loganreport.pdf The research, which was carried exposed women’s inability to t fragmented; rather it has become out by Dr Patrick McGovern, negotiate pay rises when they start more demanding while the returns Sociology Department, LSE, new jobs. have become more unequal. The Professor Stephen Hill, Royal Researchers found that British major winners in the so-called new Holloway, Colin Mills, University of employees experience multiple economy are professional and Oxford and Michael White, Policy stresses at work and deteriorating managerial employees who have Studies Institute, was funded by family life, in particular because of actually moved further ahead of the the Economic and Social Research the increasing impact of modern rest of the labour force.’ Council as part of its Future of Work human resource management For more information, see research programme. practices. ICT surveillance is www.lse.ac.uk/collections/ The study shows that employers identified as a significant new pressAndInformationOffice/ have restored and maintained source of work strain. researchExcellence.htm I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 33 Economic consequences of autism Primary school

The annual cost of autism to the UK is just under £28 billion, according to spending research led by Professor Martin Knapp, LSE and King’s College London, More money is spent on pupils in and commissioned by the Foundation for People with Learning Disabilities. secondary school than in primary Children with autism cost £2.7 billion a year, yet for adults the figure is school, yet primary education is £25 billion – more than eight times as much. There are approximately vital to future success, according 540,000 people with autism in the UK – 433,000 adults and 107,000 to research by Dr Philip Noden children. The research, which was funded by the Shirley Foundation, and Professor Anne West, LSE shows that for adults with autism the highest costs are those generated Education Research Group. Their by health and social care provision (59 per cent), followed by lost paper looks at how much money employment (36 per cent) and family expenses (five per cent). is spent by schools on primary The report recommends more supported employment opportunities for education per pupil and how this people with autism. Professor Knapp said: ‘Lost productivity for people has changed over time compared with autism and their families costs the UK economy almost £10 billion. with secondary schools. The Can pay At a time when the government is emphasising the need for higher rates report was commissioned as of economic activity, and is trying to support people with disabilities and expert evidence for the Primary regulation kill? long term conditions to move into paid employment, these high costs Review, a two year programme based at Cambridge University, Nurses’ pay in England is stand out. Very few people with autism are in employment – it will be examining how well the current set centrally with little local no easy task to achieve higher employment rates among this group but English system of primary variation, meaning that hospitals the figures suggest that the government should most definitely try.’ education is doing and how it can in high cost areas struggle to Download the report at www.lse.ac.uk/collections/ be improved. For more information, recruit and retain staff. As a pressAndInformationOffice/PDF/EconomicCostsofAutism.pdf see www.primaryreview.org.uk consequence, they treat fewer patients and have higher fatality might they be expected to make rates among patients admitted to their care? LSE’s Personal with emergency heart attacks. Social Services Research Unit at These are the findings of research LSE and the BBC have launched by Professor John Van Reenen a web based Care Calculator of LSE’s Centre for Economic to give an approximate idea of Performance and Professor Carol the level of social care, both Propper of Bristol University. The public and private, currently results suggest that a ten per cent provided in England. Developed increase in the gap between the by Dr Jose-Luis Fernandez and wages paid to NHS nurses and Professor Martin Knapp, it sets those paid to women working in out what is likely to be received the private sector locally raises the by somebody with a particular fatality rate among people admitted profile of needs and what financial with a heart attack by five per cent. contribution would be expected More than a quarter of a million Care Calculator of them given what usually nurses in England have their pay happens in social care services set by a single pay review body. What care is received by older across the country. See www. The process allows some local and disabled people in England? bbc.co.uk/radio4/youandyours/ flexibility, but in practice the gap What financial contributions careintheuk/calculator.shtml between the wages paid to a nurse in Newcastle and one in Cities resource London is small compared with Density debate guide the comparable pay gap between New homes built in the UK women who are not nurses. A resource guide which offers are among the smallest in the practical guidance on how to Researchers tracked changes in European Union, despite market the outside wage and changes in demands for more spacious assess a city’s local economic performance in over 100 English accommodation, according to conditions, constraints and hospital trusts over a six year period. research by Professor Christine competitive advantages has been produced by Professor Andrés Download the report at http:// Whitehead, Department of Rodríguez-Pose, Geography and cep.lse.ac.uk/pubs/download/ Economics. She found that Environment Department, LSE, dp0843.pdf while local authorities are required to increase housing and consultancy Kaiser Associates densities to respond to growing market. For more information Economic Development for the demand and provide sustainable and to download the paper, see Cities Alliance. Download a copy development, households are www.lse.ac.uk/collections/ of the guide to understanding demanding more space, creating pressAndInformationOffice/ your local economy at tension within the housing researchExcellence.htm www.citiesalliance.org 34 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I Alumni news

AssociationFrom the Alumni chair In March 2008, the LSE Council approved the new Alumni Association constitution, making it a recognised School body. I would like to thank the Constitution Committee led by Pedro Halpern Montecino (MSc International Relations 1974), chair of the Chilean Friends of LSE, for its hard work.

All LSE alumni are automatically School and your fellow alumni, and Michael Cox from the members of the Association and update your profile and join International Relations Department. may join recognised alumni groups. alumni groups in your country There are over 80 recognised groups and your areas of interest. Asia Forum 2008 across the world ranging from long The LSE Asia Forum included standing country groups, such as Pre-departure events an alumni reception and dinner Greece, to recently established Pre-departure events are jointly on 10 April, organised by Collin special interest groups, such as organised with the LSE Student Tseng-Liu (BSc Economics 1997) the Global Real Estate Group. Recruitment Office to give new LSE and fellow committee members of the Singapore group. The The Association has established students the opportunity to meet reception was hosted by British subcommittees to support and hear from former students on high commissioner, Paul Madden, alumni activities. These include their experiences of School life. at his official residence, and Group Establishment, Group Alumni groups hosted 21 events attended by senior School staff Support, Communications, last year, ranging from informal and over 250 alumni. (For more on Mentoring and Lifelong Contact. drinks to full scale barbecues, and the Forum, please see page 16.) If you would like to serve on a we hope to double the number subcommittee, please contact the this year. To see if your local group Graduates of the Alumni Relations team. Current is hosting a pre-departure event, Last Decade London subcommittee initiatives include: please see Houghton Street Online. alumni group Faculty visits The New York group runs a professional, academic and social The LSE External Relations events programme for recent Division’s Linking Up project graduates which has been very is designed to help travelling successful. The Lifelong Contact academics to meet alumni Subcommittee would like to groups and others overseas. organise a similar London group and Recent events organised by is seeking volunteers. If you are a Houghton Street Online alumni groups for travelling LSE London based recent graduate and www.alumni.lse.ac.uk academics include a drinks would like to be involved, please reception for Howard Davies in Launched in November 2007 and contact the Alumni Relations team. Brazil, a Turkish Friends’ dinner numbering 13,000 registrants for Professor Sevet Pamuk from George Davidson (General already, this online alumni the European Institute and a Course 1971), chair, LSE community allows you to view and panel discussion in San Francisco Alumni Association register for alumni events, keep featuring professors Chris Brown up to date with news from the Alumni Association Executive Committee

The Alumni Association Executive Davidson, vice chairs John Casey relations programme or ideas for Committee met over the weekend (US) and Nayantara Palchoudhuri new developments. Please email of 26-27 April to plan the (India), and subcommittee heads [email protected] or Association’s next few months Alice Huang (UK), Michael Ivens contact the Alumni Relations Team. of activities. Topics discussed (Germany), Kenneth Lai (Hong included academic faculty Kong), Christoph Roescher (UK/ Pictured: The Alumni Association Executive Committee and Alumni visits, Houghton Street Online, Germany), Dirk Robertson (UK) and Relations team at the April meeting pre-departure events, group Clare Taylor Gold (UK). recognition and voting rights. The Executive Committee is always The Executive Committee pleased to hear from alumni with comprises the chair, George comments on the current alumni I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 35 Waterstone’s Review Economists’ The historic Bookshop journal is being revived for publication in summer 2008. We are pleased to announce Reflecting the diverse interests that Waterstone’s Economists’ of the students, alumni and Bookshop at LSE is offering a staff of LSE, it will provide an 10 per cent discount for LSE interdisciplinary forum for a range alumni, until 31 August 2008. of new and exciting ideas in the The shop is open 9.30am social sciences and humanities. The to 7pm on weekdays and journal offers an opportunity for School’s oldest alumnus 12noon to 6pm on Saturdays, young academics to publish outside and is located on the ground the traditional academic structure LSE’s oldest living alumnus was at the first comprehensive school floor of St Clement’s Building. and get feedback and criticism of guest of honour at the School in in the country, before lecturing in Alternatively, alumni can order their work in an open and free forum. November 2007, when he met history at an emergency post- by phone on +44 (0)20 7405 Howard Davies, School director, war teacher training college and 5531 or by email on enquiries@ Founded in 1905, the journal and discussed LSE life and Britain’s subsequently the University of economists.waterstones.co.uk. spanned 68 years of LSE history, industrial heritage over coffee Reading. He retired in 1968. showcasing the writing talent of To get the discount, please with academics from his former mention code AL08 when George Bernard Shaw, Bernard LSE runs in the Lewis family: department, Economic History. ordering, or show your alumni Levin, Brian Eno, Spike Milligan grandson Roger is currently an Rhys Lewis was born in 1903, and Library card if ordering in person. and many others. In its modern undergraduate at the School, and turned 104 in September 2007. form, the Clare Market Review will has just completed his second Terms and conditions Having left school at 12 for the mines Offer subject to availability, only at The build on this illustrious heritage, and year BSc Government and History. in South Wales, he was spotted Economists’ Bookshop. Offer cannot also engage with current academic be used in conjunction with other as being bright by the National Are you older? offers. Offer only applies on orders/ debate and cutting edge culture. Coal Board, who paid for him to stock picks. Offer does not apply Many of our pre-war database to Waterstone’s Gift Cards or Book Contributions from LSE alumni do a first undergraduate degree at records do not have date of birth Tokens. Offer ends 31 August 2008. are very welcome, and are Aberystwyth and Swansea, followed listed, so it’s possible there are older sought in any field. Articles can by two part-time LSE degrees: a LSE alumni out there. If that’s you, be anywhere from 500 to 3,000 BSc Econ from 1933 to 1938 and a or you know of someone, do get words in length, book reviews master’s in 1946. in touch with the Alumni Relations from 500 to 700 words and He moved to Wokingham and team on +44 (0)20 7955 7361, notes from 200 to 300 words. went into teaching, initially for email [email protected].. For more information about the London County Council and then journal, or if you would like to discuss an idea, get feedback on a piece of writing or submit Venture@LSE Careers student internship scheme an article, please email Today’s competitive business Doron Meyassed (BSc Economics challenges faced in the charitable [email protected]. environment means that it has 2003), who has set up a new online or social enterprise sector’. To be added to the mailing list become increasingly important to innovation business in partnership The internship scheme is part to receive the Clare Market with the branding and strategy ensure that students gain insights of Venture@LSE Careers, a Review by post, please sign up consultancy Promise, commented and experiences beyond the free entrepreneurship support at Houghton Street Online, the on the advantages of taking on library and lecture theatre. A new programme run by the LSE LSE online alumni community, or an intern: ‘For people involved in internship scheme run by Venture@ Careers Service, which offers contact the Alumni Relations Team. growing new businesses, these LSE Careers addresses this need, a comprehensive range of internships allow us to access high by helping students develop their entrepreneurship information and calibre intellectual capital whilst also entrepreneurial skills and commercial advice, including master classes, giving the students a chance to awareness through internships at online start up resources, coaching develop their own skills and interests’. start up companies. and a business plan competition. Yesim Guzelpinar-Karakus (MSc The scheme allows students to We are keen to build on the early experience all aspects of setting European Social Policy 1995), project director of a charity in success of the scheme and would up, marketing and growing a North London which runs training welcome interest from any LSE business and has attracted projects for disadvantaged groups, alumni who have set up their own organisations from a range of has found that: ‘the interns have enterprise or work with new start sectors, including marketing, already made great contributions up businesses, and who would social enterprise, information and have been helping with like to host an intern or coach a technology and finance. Many of financial software, bookkeeping, student. For more information, these have been set up by LSE sales and marketing to name but a please see www.lse.ac.uk/venture alumni, allowing students past and few. As a result they have gained a or contact Andrea Kreideweiss on present to work together. really useful overview of the kind of [email protected]. 36 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I Alumni news

Reunions and events

MSc in Social Policy and Social Work Studies 1981 Reunion Nine students and one member children now growing up, some Diploma in Business of staff from the two year MSc illness and, sadly, some deaths. Administration Reunion in Social Policy and Social Work None of us had become famous Studies 1979-81 met at LSE for a or rich, most of us are still working In April 2008, a group of 25 alumni Saul Estrin (pictured), head of the reunion on a bright, sunny Sunday in areas related to social work, from the Diploma in Business Department of Management, and morning in February 2008. primarily childcare and mental Administration came back to LSE lunch with Emeritus Professor It had been an unusually small year health, and one or two were for a series of events, including Basil Yamey, who ran the course group with only 14 students, so we taking totally different paths in law, a boat trip to Greenwich and a in the 1950s and 1960s. The event got to know each other well, and literature and cycling. visit to London Business School. was organised by John Seekings Particular highlights were dinner (DBA 1953) and the Alumni it was good to meet again, renew Claire Leggatt (MSc Social Policy in the Senior Common Room Relations team and a full report is some of those friendships and and Social Work Studies 1981) exchange experiences – plenty of with guest speaker Professor available at www.lse.ac.uk/alumni

Study opportunities

LSE offers a wide range of study programmes for alumni to get involved in lifelong learning and continuing professional development: Postgraduate courses – the School offers a large number of postgraduate courses, with a fee discount equivalent to 11 per cent available to LSE undergraduates (first degree) who enrol on a taught postgraduate course. Library – the British Library of Political and Economic Science is one of the largest libraries in the world devoted to the social sciences. LSE alumni are welcome to use the Library’s Summer School – offers a range areas including economics, superb printed collections on a of short courses taught by leading management, humanities and law. reference basis, and to borrow LSE faculty, covering the breadth from them, free of charge. University of London of the social science expertise Library – preferential rates Language Centre – offers a wide available at LSE and providing are available for LSE alumni to range of Modern Foreign Language you with a valuable contribution access the University of London certificate courses (available to to your chosen field, whether it Library at Senate House. alumni at LSE student rate) and be studying for a degree or in tailored one to one tuition (20 your professional career. Alumni For more information about all per cent discount for alumni). receive a ten per cent discount. these opportunities, please see Executive Education – custom University of London External www.lse.ac.uk/alumni/study or made executive education System – distance learning in contact the Alumni Relations team programmes that build on LSE’s 180 countries, with over 100 on [email protected], +44 (0)20 long tradition of quality teaching undergraduate and postgraduate 7955 7361 or LSE, Houghton and academic expertise. programmes in subject Street, London WC2A 2AE. I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 37 Markets Lead Us?’, Howard elaborated on hot topics such as Alumni groups the trouble in the US subprime market, the surprising interest rate For full reports from LSE alumni groups around the world, as policy of the Federal Reserve, and well as upcoming events, please see Houghton Street Online at the critical role of rating agencies. The event was a great success, www.lse.ac.uk/alumni with 120 alumni attending, along with representatives UK-BASED engineers of real estate private equity, are planned for the second half of of the Belgian and European Environmental Initiatives the hotel, leisure and resort market 2008, including a day trip to LSE. financial services community. and rational debt portfolio pricing. Network The Committee is pleased to In January, EIN made an important Membership is free for all LSE announce that recent efforts to BRAZIL contribution to the LSE Students’ alumni, postgraduate students and increase the active membership LSE director Howard Davies and Union Environment and Ethics undergraduates actively practising of the Group have led to 12 new Willem Buiter, professor of European Week by jointly hosting a lecture real estate. For more information on members, and some 50 others political economy, were the special by the well known ecologist Satish membership, as well as forthcoming who wish to keep in touch with guests of the LSE Brazilian Alumni Kumar, editor of Resurgence events and webcasts of past events. For more information or to Association in March 2008, at a events, please see www.lsegreg. magazine and director of join, please contact the secretary, very convivial drinks reception at com or contact the president, programmes at Schumacher Margaret Griffiths (BSc Geography the famous Copacabana Palace James Walton, on james.walton@ College, famous as a residential 1965) on +44 (0)1886 853543 or Hotel in Rio de Janeiro. The LSE centre for the study of ecological dawnayday.com. at [email protected]. Brazilian Alumni Association was and spiritual values. The lecture, represented by Professor Ana entitled ‘Economy and Ecology’, Lawyers’ Alumni Group South West England Guedes (PhD International Relations explored the relationship of human The Lawyers’ Alumni Group Annual The South West England Alumni 1998) and a number of other VIPs. beings with their environment, Dinner took place in February Association held its second The Association is keen to host more taking as its theme the principle 2008, with guest speaker Lady event in May, at the Astor Hotel events like this in the coming months. enunciated by EF Schumacher Justice Smith. The evening was a in Plymouth. The event featured that ‘nature is our true capital’. great success, with over 70 alumni guest speaker Charles Goodhart, FRANCE He emphasised the importance and guests, Law Department staff emeritus professor, LSE, who gave of human beings understanding and students attending. It also a fascinating talk on the timely topic In October 2007, the Alumni and nature and according it a proper provided an excellent opportunity to of ‘The current financial crisis’. Friends of LSE in France gathered value if they are to avoid the in the suitably grand surroundings congratulate the winners of the Law More events in South West England destruction of ecological systems of the Residence of the British Department’s academic prizes, and are planned for the academic year vital to their own wellbeing. ambassador in Paris, Sir Peter to thank the prize donors, many of 2008-09 – to sign up to the mailing Westmacott, to celebrate their 25th Henry Thoresby (BSc Economics whom were present. list, please contact the Alumni 1961), chair, EIN Relations Team on [email protected] anniversary. More than 200 alumni Midlands or +44 (0)20 7955 6412. and guests heard a keynote speech Global Real Estate Group by LSE director Howard Davies, The Midlands Friends of LSE GREG is a global, special interest held their AGM at Worcestershire AUSTRIA on the subject of ‘Globalisation alumni group which fosters business County Cricket Club in February in Higher Education’, followed by relationships among LSE alumni Trumpets, mulled wine and 2008, with lunch overlooking a speech of thanks from George practising real estate, while bettering lots of chatting: the new British the now restored cricket square Grosz (BSc Econ 1957), president real estate as an asset class. The Ambassador to Austria, Simon and Worcester Cathedral. Guest of the Alumni and Friends. group has regional contacts in every Smith, kept a much cherished speaker Sir Jerry Wiggin, former continent and is growing its country tradition and invited all alumni Huge thanks for the event should networks, with members from all Conservative MP for Weston- of UK universities to the British go especially to committee aspects of property. super-Mare, gave a fascinating Embassy in December 2007. As members Sylvie Audibert talk on the work of the Worshipful every year, we sang old English (Diploma in Business Studies Regular quarterlies are held in Company of Goldsmiths. Christmas carols and Ambassador 1994), Jacques Beaumont (LLM London to debate shifts in market Smith gave an impressive trumpet The Friends’ second event of 2008 1991) and Cécile Mériguet (MSc practice and perception with the playing performance! Alumni from was a visit in April to Bishops Management 1998), and to goal of creating an environment to many universities were present, Wood Centre, an internationally Edward Bannerman (MSc Politics explore arbitrage opportunities. In but as always one of the biggest renowned environmental and of the World Economy 1994), 2007 GREG meetings were also groups was from LSE. held in France, Germany, Hong sustainability education centre counsellor at the Embassy. located near Stourport-on-Severn Kong, India and the USA. Topics BELGIUM In March 2008, the Alumni debated included the architects and in Worcestershire. More events and Friends organised a very In February 2008, the LSE Alumni successful panel discussion Association Belgium welcomed looking at how lobbying works in Howard Davies at the Fortis Want to join a UK or international group? Please see www.lse. Paris and Brussels, kindly hosted Headquarters in Brussels for its ac.uk/alumni and click on groups, email [email protected], or write first New Year’s reception. by Christophe Lanne (Diploma to the Alumni Relations team, Office of Development and Alumni Accounting and Finance 1990) In a keynote speech entitled ‘Where Relations, LSE, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE. from Crédit Suisse (France) SA. Will the Current Turmoil in Financial 38 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I Alumni groups

Clockwise from top left: Austria, British Embassy Christmas party in Vienna; Georgia, Sophia Bzishviili (prospective LSE student), Sophia Djugeli (MSc Development Studies 2000) and Leli Chelidze (MSc Economics 2006) at the launch of the Georgia group; Belgium, Brussels event with Howard Davies; Brazil, Howard Davies (fourth from left) and Professor Willem Buiter (fifth from left) at Brazilian Alumni Association event

GEORGIA IRELAND of the Hebrew University of NEW ZEALAND In October 2007, the first ever In February 2008, the Friends of Jerusalem gave a fascinating The Wellington LSE alumni meeting of the Georgian Alumni LSE in Ireland welcomed Professor lecture on the topic covered group held its inaugural meeting Association took place at People’s Danny Quah, head of the LSE in his recent book, Defending in September 2007. This was Israel. The event took place at Cafe in Tbilisi. Attendance was Economics Department, as followed by a Christmas dinner in Beit Bessarabia in Tel Aviv, and outstanding, with over 30 alumni guest speaker for a public lecture, the Members and Guests dining attracted over 50 alumni. and friends gathered, including two alumni reception and dinner at room at Parliament hosted by Tim professors – Alexander Rondeli City University Business The Association is planning more Barnett, senior government whip and George Tsagareli – who were School (DCUBS). Professor Quah events for summer and autumn (BSc Government 1981). originally sent from the USSR to spoke on the topic of ‘Crunching 2008 – please email lse.alumni. One of the key drivers for forming LSE on a training course in the early Globalisation: some numbers on [email protected] for more details. the group was to support the 1970s. Recent alumni and both Globalisation and global inequality’, upcoming symposium in Wellington current and prospective students and afterwards was presented MAURITIUS celebrating the life and work of the were also in attendance. with a Bodhran (a traditional Irish LSE director Howard Davies famous New Zealand born LSE Georgian alumni continue to play music drum) emblazoned with the visited Mauritius in April 2008 economist, Bill Phillips. leading roles in the reform of the LSE logo as a thank you from Irish for a series of high profile events, Georgian economic, political, and alumni. A wine reception and dinner including a lecture to senior public A gala reception open to all sponsored by DCUBS concluded business sectors, with many having sector officials entitled ‘Public alumni, current and former staff the proceedings and provided a very critical roles in reforms since the Sector Reform in the UK’, an and their partners attending the convivial atmosphere, with over 90 2003 Rose Revolution. interactive session on ‘Global Phillips symposium will be held alumni and guests attending. on the evening of 8 July 2008. Plans were discussed for future Financial Markets – Anatomy of a meetings, including networking Crisis’ and a panel discussion as The reception will be held in the ISRAEL events, a lecture series in Tbilisi, and part of the Symposium on Human Reserve Bank Museum, which the potential creation of a Georgian In January 2008, around 25 LSE Resource Development. He also holds a working version of Bill Alumni scholarship. Officers of the alumni met in a Tel Aviv pub for an received an honorary degree from Phillips’ MONIAC machine. For Georgian Alumni Association were informal gathering – from alumni who the University of Mauritius, as further details please contact chosen, with Levan Jugeli (MSc had just recently graduated to those well as being guest of honour at Neil McInnes (MSc Public Policy International Health Policy 2001) who attended LSE in the sixties. a cocktail reception and dinner and Administration 1991) on neil. being chosen as Georgian Alumni Then, in March 2008, Professor hosted by the LSE Trust Fund and [email protected]. Association president. Martin van Creveld (PhD 1971) the Mauritius LSE Society. t I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 39 NORWAY Central Bank general manager, director of Gómez-Acebo y Pombo, centennial professor in architecture LSE Alumni Norway’s first AGM Renzo Rossini (MSc Economics one of Spain’s leading law firms. and urbanism, and principal design took place in Oslo in January 2008 1986, MPhil Economics 1987). Other highlights included the first adviser on architecture and urbanism and was followed by a celebratory The group enjoyed the magnificent pre-attendance event in Madrid for the London 2012 Olympics. He New Year’s Dinner. view of pre-Inca treasures that are in August 2007, when ten new and other members of the Chicago part of the Cohen gold collection students about to start at LSE were Architectural Foundation led a panel The AGM supported the outgoing (a must when visiting Lima), masks, hosted by Madrid Alumni president discussion about the impact of board’s suggestions for new board vases and other artifacts. The group Adam Austerfield (MSc Political global climate change. members and the new board will then had lunch and talked about Economy of Transition in Europe now comprise Oistein Overberg The Houston chapter along with their experiences at LSE, how proud 1998) and several other alumni to (chair), Caroline Knudsen, Mona the LSE Foundation sponsored a they are that Machu Picchu was talk about life in Houghton Street. Larsen, Vidar Lohre, Jens Laurits luncheon in September at the Four selected as one of the wonders of Nielsen and Espen Sitter. The Seasons Hotel, with special guests the world and the coming meeting board expressed its warmest LSE director Howard Davies of APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic The LSE Sweden Alumni gratitude to the outgoing chair, Ole and the British consul general in Cooperation) in 2008 in Lima. Association had a busy Petter Melleby, for his great effort Houston, Paul Lynch (MSc Social programme of events in the first in founding the organisation and Psychology 1987). SPAIN half of 2008, including a lunch made him an honorary member of A group of 35 alumni and friends The Madrid Alumni were delighted seminar in March, a pub quiz LSE Alumni Norway. from the Los Angeles chapter to welcome back Howard Davies, in April, and a cooking event in gathered at the beautiful home The AGM was followed by a highly LSE director, in November 2007 at May featuring Cook of the Year interesting talk by investor Ove of Seth Weisberg in December a reception near the Plaza Castile, 2007 Tommy Myllymäki, and the 2007 for a traditional English tea, Gusevik (MSc Economic History before he gave a major lecture at founder of the Pontus restaurants 1995) on investor behaviour and complete with scones, clotted the Rey Juan Carlos University on in Stockholm, Pontus Fritiof. cream and finger sandwiches. current developments in the the subprime credit crisis, alongside Norwegian capital markets. Dinner Events planned for autumn 2008 Also, another LA chapter tradition Enterprise LSE chairman Roger include a meeting with board – that of pub nights rotating was a great success, with more Mountford (BSc Government 1970) than 50 alumni attending. members of Nordea Group and round different neighbourhoods and Professor Andres Rodriguez- a pub quiz in October. For more – continued in January 2008 at Pose, head of the LSE Geography PERU information, please contact Henry the Village Idiot, a trendy British and Environment Department. Forelius (General Course 2000) on gastropub on Melrose Avenue. A group of alumni met at the The event was followed by a [email protected]. The event was attended by a Museum of the Central Reserve senior alumni dinner, hosted by hearty crowd of LA chapter Bank of Peru in July 2007. The Manuel Martín Martín (Research USA regulars, new friends and students meeting was attended by the Fee student 1983), managing AFLSE chapters throughout the considering attending LSE. USA have had a busy autumn and In November 2007, the annual LSE winter. Various holiday celebrations Basketball Alumni Reunion was held were held, and the themes included in New York. Also, the NY chapter concerts, traditional teas and other held its holiday party later the same parties. In addition, many other month, at Croton Reservoir Tavern. social and public events took place. Around 60 chapter members and The Atlanta chapter organised a guests attended, and a lucky dozen Christmas reception and concert won LSE door prizes include t-shirts with fellow alumni from Oxford and and scarves! Cambridge at Emory University. The Washington DC chapter held More than 50 alumni of the British a Graduates of the Last Decade universities and their guests scavenger hunt in October 2007 attended, and were joined by Martin at the National Gallery of Art, with Rickerd, the British consul general teams searching the museum in Atlanta. The alumni and guests using clues and maps to answer then attended the Atlanta Celtic questions. The chapter held a Christmas concert at the Emory holiday party in December 2007 at Schwartz Center for the Performing the Metropolitan Lounge of Bistro Arts, a short walk away. Napoleon, owned by LSE alumnus The reception and concert was Omar Popal (General Course the first joint holiday event by the 1999), and a traditional Winter Tea Atlanta chapters of LSE, Oxford and in February 2008 at Teaism. Cambridge. The groups met again for their traditional St Patrick’s Day mixer in March 2008. LSE Atlanta Clockwise from the top: Sweden, Henry Forelius (General Course 2000), Jaël Rodau chair Sheila Tefft (MSc Economic (MSc Organisational and Social Psychology 2003) and Alexandra Lindmark (MSc Social and Public Communication 2005), Sweden group committee; USA, Emily Burg History 1977) organised both events. (MSc History of International Relations 1998), Seth Weisberg (General Course 1989) The Chicago chapter hosted and Tima Kapadia (General Course 2001) at Los Angeles alumni event; Peru, Peruvian alumni visiting the Museum of the Central Reserve Bank of Peru Professor Richard Burdett, LSE 40 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I Where are they now?

Center in Baltimore, a research 1977 and education centre on Israel Ranjan Ray (PhD Economics) Where are they now? and Torah subjects, and is a has recently been appointed member of the Torah Kollel professor of economics at Monash Wherever possible, we list the details of an individual’s degree(s) there and a participant in the University, Australia. Prior to that followed by the subject and the year of graduation: eg John Smith international Daf Yomi programme. (BSc Economic History 1980). House style is to list simply BSc/MSc he was professor of economics at without the additional Econ. Delhi School of Economics (1989- 1970 95) and professor of economics Where we have no record of the subject, we list the known department, Jeffrey Weinberg (General at the University of Tasmania, and if we do not have this information, we list what we have, eg BSc Course) was resident as a Fulbright Australia (1995-2007). Econ. Alumni in this section are listed under the year in which they first distinguished scholar at the University left LSE, with additional degrees included in their entry. of London’s Institute for the Study of 1982 the Americas from March to June, Connie Jackson (Diploma and lectured on the institutional Economics) is managing presidency at universities throughout 1954 director of the Strategic Change the UK. In July, he will return to his Ken MacKinnon (BSc Economics Group, a consultancy which position as a legislative attorney and Sociology) has been appointed helps organisations envisage at the Office of Management and as director/board member to and execute major strategic Budget in the USA, where he began Bord na Gaidhlig, the Scottish change. Connie served as chief his public service as a summer intern government’s statutory Gaelic executive of St Bartholomew’s in the Nixon administration. He is language planning and development and the Royal London Charitable also an adjunct faculty member at authority. After leaving LSE, he Foundation until June 2006, having American, Catholic, and George taught in schools and colleges in moved to London from Chicago, Washington universities, where he Essex and East London and had a USA to undertake an Atlantic teaches graduate courses on the parallel career in local government, Fellowship in Public Policy for presidency, the executive branch, including becoming Southend-on- 2002-03, researching strategies and public administration. Sea’s only Liberal mayor in 1965. employed by the NHS to combat After taking a PhD in Education at health inequalities. Before this, the Institute of Education, he became 1976 Connie served as president and reader in sociology of language at Terry Donaldson (BSc Economics) chief executive officer of TCA Hatfield Polytechnic, and continues has published a range of books, Health in Chicago, a health as visiting professor and emeritus including several on Tarot and and social care organisation. reader in sociology of language divination and Hell in Barbados, She is a trustee of the Charities Aid at the University of Hertfordshire, which tells the story of his Foundation and also involved in a with other active appointments as imprisonment in a Caribbean prison number of civic activities including honorary professor at Aberdeen, and for drug smuggling. He offers Tarot serving as a board member of associate of the Open University. He readings and describes himself as the Soup Kitchen of the American has undertaken extensive research using ‘techniques of soul retrieval, Church in London and as a in Gaelic communities and is widely astral projection, telepathy and white member of the Harvard Business published in this field. magic in order to help your dreams School Club of London. She manifest into reality’. is a fellow of the Royal Society 1967 Alan Marsh (PhD Social for the encouragement of Arts, John Beddington (BSc Psychology) has retired from his Manufactures & Commerce (RSA). Economics) has recently been full-time post as professor of appointed chief scientific adviser social policy at the University of 1985 to the UK government. After an Westminster and as deputy director early career at the universities of of the Policy Studies Institute. Edinburgh and York, he joined Subroto Roy (BSc Economics) Imperial College, London in 1984 continued his academic studies at and became professor of applied the University of Cambridge, attaining population biology there in 1991. a PhD under Frank Hahn, who He was made a fellow of the Royal was the founding fellow of Churchill Society in 2001 and was awarded College and had previously also the CMG in 2004 for services to Vijay Poonoosamy (LLM) has taught at LSE (1967-72). Details of fisheries science and management. been head of government and Dr Roy’s academic work, including international affairs of Etihad Philosophy of Economics: on the 1968 Airways since 2005. Prior to this, scope of reason in economic inquiry he was managing director of Air Malcolm Menachem Kovacs and Pricing, Planning and Politics: a Mauritius and more recently an (MSc Political Sociology) is now study of economic distortions in India professor emeritus of sociology aviation consultant and director of are available on his blog, at www. at Montgomery College, USA. the Commonwealth Association for independentindian.com He directs the Jewish Roots Corporate Governance. He was t I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 41 Rapid resumé

that existed about race prior to I am delighted with the changes this report. ‘Out of the Shadows’ to my life and I’m relishing the established my credibility as a opportunities I currently have. researcher in Northern Ireland and allowed me to spend the first Any advice for LSE eleven years of my working life in students today? the field of equality. Enjoy every minute of your time. This is a time in your Has what you learned at life when your focus is to LSE influenced your art? study, make friends, party Absolutely, in a very positive way. I and fully involve yourself in took a social policy degree because the community of university I was and remain committed to life. Take advantage of all the social justice. What better place wonderful opportunities open to start than right where you live. to you, whether it’s meeting Deepa Mann-Kler (BSc Social Policy and Administration My career therefore has always people from all over the world 1991) has taken a year off work, from the Equality Commission, specialised in equality – from race or joining the unlikeliest clubs. to pursue her dream of being an artist, and held her second issues, to Section 75, to gender and Just try new things for the solo show, entitled A Strange Kind of Peace, at Waterfront political equality, in fact the whole sake of it. You’re protected range of equality issues. Prior to my in a way that you do not Hall, Belfast in February 2008. Her work takes equality and career break, I worked as a senior always realise: university days identity as its key themes, and explores the inter-relationship manager in the Equality Commission are incredibly precious. between race, gender and our understandings of the spaces for Northern Ireland. My art work To see more of Deepa’s art, visit we inhabit and the symbols we use. has been strongly influenced by this, www.deepamannkler.com since equality is part of who I am. What led you to study were inspirational lecturers, who My work is largely figurative and has at LSE? readily shared their learning and focused upon gender and race. My humanity. I loved the main Library style is contemporary, and so the There were several factors that as well. There is something paintings are bright and bold. I’m led me to choose LSE. Firstly, very reassuring about being fascinated by the contrast between I was aware of its amazing surrounded by books and the light and dark, and I explore this reputation with extremely smell of them. constantly in my paintings. I think I high academic standards; am one of the few artists in Northern secondly I wanted to study in What have been the Ireland who has used race as a an international environment; and highlights of your career theme for her figurative work. finally I wanted to be in the heart so far? of London. LSE ticked all these One of the most defining moments What are your plans for boxes. I know that by attending the future? LSE, I secured a place on my in my career was researching Master’s in European Social racism in Northern Ireland in I have two young children and Policy, which led to working in 1997 in a report called ‘Out of last year I started a two year Brussels and then moving to the Shadows’. The report was career break from the Equality Northern Ireland in 1996, which the first of its kind to highlight the Commission. As well as enjoying is where I live now. shortcomings of public bodies much more time with my children, here in ensuring services met I am continuing to establish my What do you the needs of minority ethnic artistic career. My work now sells remember most people, and it made many through a private gallery in Belfast, about your time at policy recommendations. It Canvas, and I have a further two the School? has formed the basis for much solo shows planned for this year of the anti-racism work that as well as seven group shows to I suppose my memories go is now commonplace. It was participate in. In addition to this, back to all the wonderful really exciting to conduct first I keep my brain ticking over by friends I made. Another very hand research on an issue serving on several management precious memory is the Shaw that you knew had not been committees and I hold a public Library, at the top of the Old explored because of the ‘The appointment as a non-executive Building. It was a haven, with Troubles’. There were so many director with the South Eastern its decor and soft music. There misconceptions and stereotypes Health and Social Services Trust.

42 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I Where are they now?

appointed executive chairman of 1994 director of RBC FINCO with 2001 Airports of Mauritius in June 2004. management responsibility for its He has served in many roles for overall banking operation. She the International Civil Aviation joined RBC as regional manager Organization (ICAO), including for compliance, Bahamas and rapporteur and chairman of the Caribbean in June 2006. Prior 1999 ICAO Special Group on to this she held various positions the Modernisation of the Warsaw in both the public and financial Convention, and chairman of the services sector, including as historical 1994 ICAO Worldwide Nicole Fernandes (MSc Social legal counsel and compliance Christina Moser (LLM) has Air Transport Conference. Policy and Planning) has been officer, and manager of trust been elected to partnership employed with the Ministry of the and corporate services, and of Baker & Hostetler LLP, 1989 Attorney General of Trinidad and was also a part-time lecturer at concentrating her practice in Tobago since January 2004 as the College of the Bahamas. intellectual property matters as a Jac Peeris (MSc Social Psychology) senior legal adviser (social policy member of the Litigation Group. has founded a company called the 1997 New Earth Works, which aims to and planning legislation). In March create a network of global citizens 2005, she was commissioned by 2003 working together to create happier prime minister Patrick Manning Nandini Pandhi Narula (MSc living and a better planet for to work with Sir Ellis Clarke on a Local Economic Development) everyone. For more information draft constitution for the Republic recently won the prestigious or to get involved, please see of Trinidad and Tobago, which Cartier Women’s Initiative Award www.thenewearthworks.com involved drafting a new Bill of for GreenMango, a social Rights including socio-economic Jeffrey Webb (LLM) has joined enterprise she co-founded in rights in accordance with various the Boston office of McDermott Hyderabad, India. GreenMango UN human rights conventions. She Casely Coleman (MSc Industrial Will & Emery as a partner in the trial (www.greenmango.co.in) is also sits on a number of cabinet Relations and Personnel department. He focuses his practice an online marketplace where appointed committees, including Management) has recently been on complex employment litigation, low income entrepreneurs the National AIDS Coordinating promoted to regional human class actions, internal investigations, in developing countries can Committee, working with a resources partner, Plan West and commercial litigation. find new customers and team that seeks to introduce Africa Region, with responsibility grow their businesses. anti-discrimination legislation for 1992 for providing HR leadership in people living with HIV/AIDS. 12 countries in West Africa. Plan 2006 Janera Soerel (BSc International West Africa Region is a member Asi Sharabi (PhD Social Trade and Development) has 1995 of Plan International, the global recently launched www.janera. Psychology) has won the 2007 (MSc child development agency com, an online magazine Tristan James Mabry Michael Young Prize, which aims working in over 66 countries. He and social networking site for Comparative Politics) has been to reward and encourage early has published over 15 articles in global nomads that looks at awarded a PhD in political career researchers whose work newspapers, books and online, global economics and culture science from the University of offers genuine new insights and and is also an adjunct visiting from a human perspective. Pennsylvania. His thesis was is likely to have an impact beyond lecturer of the International entitled ‘Nationalism, Language academia, by helping them School of Management, Dakar, 1993 and Islam: a cross-regional to communicate their research Senegal, teaching HR in the comparative study of Muslim to users outside of academia. minority conflict’. He is now a Executive MBA programme. His thesis looked at the barriers visiting assistant professor in the confronting Israeli children in Department of Government at 1999 understanding the Palestinian Georgetown University. Academia Alexander Stubb (PhD perspective of the Israeli is his second career, following a International Relations) has been Palestinian conflict, working first as a journalist, working as selected by the National Coalition with Israeli children from three a reporter for The Wall Street Party of Finland as the new different social settings – kibbutz, Journal and a producer for CNN. S Priya Coffey (MSc Public minister for foreign affairs, having city and Jewish settlements. Policy and Administration) has served for four years as a member recently been elected as a fellow 1996 of the European Parliament. His of the Texas Bar Foundation, PhD was completed under the selected for their outstanding supervision of Professor Lord professional achievements and William Wallace, and entitled their demonstrated commitment ‘Flexible Integration and the to the improvement of the justice Amsterdam Treaty: negotiating system throughout the state of differentiation in the 1996-97 IGC’. Texas. She is a partner in the Business Transactions section and Real Estate practice group of the Tanya Cecile McCartney (LLM) Houston office of Jackson Walker. has been appointed managing

I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 43 Obituaries

The School is sad to report the deaths of the following alumni and staff. There is now a dedicated alumni tributes page which can be found in the news section at: www.lse.ac.uk/alumni

more time to painting, holding the University of (UK), Following a year teaching at a highly successful exhibition, Acton Technical College (UK), Stanford University, he moved in Painting Scotland’s Scenery, in Brunel College of Technology (UK), 1948 to Harvard Law School, where 2007. Don will be remembered the School of Social Sciences he taught until 1985 as James Barr as a valued friend and mentor, (Chile) and the Institute of Social Ames professor of law. He then modest, but with outstandingly and Economic Research (Nigeria). moved to Emory University, where original gifts and a talent for In 1964 he moved to the University he worked for more than 20 years, inspiring others to understand of Reading, where he co-founded as the inaugural Robert W Woodruff and appreciate landscape.’ the department of sociology and professor of law. He published 25 Aldridge, Donald (BSc remained as professor of sociology books and more than 400 articles; Allen, Charles Geoffry, Geography 1954), conservationist and head of department until his his most influential work was Law librarian and linguist. His son, and artist. Denis Greenald (BSc retirement in 1984. His best- and Revolution: the formation of the Peter Allen, writes: ‘Geoffry Government 1950) and Gwen known publications were Social Western legal tradition (1983). He is Allen was educated at Bristol Greenald (BA Sociology 1951) Sciences as Sorcery (1974) and widely considered the father of the Grammar School and Oxford write: ‘Originally destined for art Max Weber’s Insights and Errors field of law and religion, and was University. After stints as an school, Donald Aldridge chose (1984). He died in September instrumental in the establishment assistant cataloguer at the British a geography degree whilst 2007, aged 88. of the Center for the Study of Law Museum, in the Intelligence Corps continuing to study art and and Religion at Emory. He died in during the war, and as chief Bacchus, Kazim (BSc lithography at evening school. November 2007, aged 89. assistant at the Central African Sociology 1957), teacher and At LSE he was active in the Archives in Rhodesia, he joined education scholar. Kazim Bacchus mountaineering club, becoming the British Library of Political and was one of Canada’s leading club president; his 1995 anthology Economic Science in 1950 and scholars in international and for the club’s golden jubilee was retired in 1974 as superintendent comparative education. He was an elegant example of his gift for of readers’ services and keeper born and raised in Guyana, where graphic design, enlivened by his of manuscripts. Readers and he was a teacher for seven years inimitable drawings and cartoons. colleagues in the Library and the and the director of the Health Don’s talents as an artist informed School who knew him will recall Education Division of the Ministry all his future work in the training a formidable intellect lightly worn, of Health from 1959 to 1962. courses he developed for the ready humour, practical good He also worked as a teacher conservation and interpretation of Bradforth, Philip (BSc Econ sense in a pressured role, and in England and in Finland, and the countryside. After a lectureship 1950). Denis Greenald (BSc the beard. He also persuaded the then taught at universities in the at Bath Technical College, he Government 1950) writes: ‘Following Library authorities to take seriously West Indies, the UK, the USA spent five years as Peak District an early career in the Royal Navy the preservation and accessibility and Canada. Kazim was involved National Park information officer, during the war, at LSE Philip of the extensive manuscripts in many educational projects before his appointment as Bradforth became an enthusiastic collection. In 1975 his Manual of worldwide, including Tanzania, assistant director of conservation member of the mountaineering club, European Languages for Librarians Uganda, Namibia, Nepal, Papua education with the Countryside where his steadiness, reliability and was published, receiving a Library New Guinea, Fiji, the Caribbean Commission for Scotland took imperturbability were an inspiration Association McColvin Medal the and Pakistan. In Pakistan, he him and his wife Val (BSc Econ to younger members. After following year. Demand for a helped to establish the Institute for 1955) to Perth, in 1968. Here graduation he joined TH Hamer, a reprint caused the commissioning Educational Development at the he established an international travel and shipping agency, ideally of a second edition which he Aga Khan University in Karachi, reputation, organising conferences suited to his academic background undertook, though well into his and served as its first director from and writing books and papers and love of adventure. He became 80s, with customary thoroughness 1993 to 1996. He collaborated for HMSO and the Council of a director and had an exciting and which appeared in 1999. He with a great variety of agencies, Europe. He was the eminence career during the next two decades, died in November 2007, aged 95.’ including CIDA, UNESCO, and the grise behind the Dundee Project, accompanying British Olympic and Commonwealth Secretariat. He creating a heritage site along the Commonwealth athletes on their Andreski, Professor Stanislav died in March 2007, aged 77. Tay waterfront and enabling Scott’s (PhD 1953), sociologist and worldwide tours. He lived happily in ship Discovery to be brought professor. Stanislav Andreski’s Berman, Professor Harold Kent with his wife Jackie and their back to the city where it had been academic career was inspired (Research Fee 1939), law professor two children, and although no longer built. On retirement in 1985 he by the works of the German and scholar. After studying legal rock climbing, he regularly sought became an international consultant sociologist Max Weber, to whose history at LSE, Harold Berman out challenging summits to ascend, in countryside interpretation. work he was introduced while earned a master’s degree from notably in the Lakes and Scotland. He also published The Rescue at LSE by Karl Mannheim. His Yale University before being drafted In 1992, he accomplished a 50 year of Captain Scott and devoted early career took him to Rhodes into the United States Army, where ambition to land on the Isles of the University College (South Africa), he worked as a cryptographer. 44 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I Obituaries

Sea in the Inner Hebrides, which a research post at the new Australian Rabinovitch, Dina (BSc and worked as a research technician he had first glimpsed during the National University in Canberra, International Relations 1984), under Drs Neuberger and Arnstein war. Philip died at the age of 83 in where he remained until his journalist and author. Having and later Professor Ingold. Following November 2007, following a long retirement in 1981. He was a founder been heavily involved in student LSE, Tony gained a teaching illness. His family and friends will of the Australian Society for the journalism while at LSE, on The distinction from the Institute of remember him as that handsome, Study of Labour History and played Beaver, Dina Rabinovitch then Education and soon became head fine young man, the very epitome of a key role in launching the journal, worked as a freelance writer and of science at a new comprehensive an English officer and gentleman.’ Labour History, as well as making a journalist, before joining the newly school at a time of exciting change in significant contribution to Australian launched Independent newspaper science teaching. He wrote a number Flowerdew, Professor labour history through numerous as deputy features editor in 1986. of school science texts, including Anthony, LSE academic 1971-77, books and articles, most notably She later returned to freelance co-authoring Chemistry by Concept. transport economist and planner. Revolutionaries and Reformists: work, specialising in interviews, Increasing interest in learning Tony Flowerdew was a management and the Australian and developed a particular interest processes took Tony into a research scientist and operational researcher, labour movement, 1920-55 (1975). in children’s literature. She is best MPhil in personality psychology at the who was instrumental in developing He died in November 2007, aged 90. known for her ‘Enemy Within’ Institute of Education and he moved the School’s first master’s course in column in The Guardian, which on into teacher training at what is urban economics. A year after leaving Knowles, William McMillan charted her battle with breast now Brunel University. Concurrently LSE in 1977, he was appointed to (General Course 1965), financial cancer. The column first appeared he became a tutor and then a staff the inaugural Chair in Management adviser. After returning to the in September 2004, and drew a tutor with the Open University. When Science at the University of Kent, US and graduating magna cum large and devoted following among his full time teaching was over, he and remained there until 1989, while laude from the University of readers. It was followed by her book accepted an invitation to teach also lecturing at UN conferences and Houston, Bill McMillan Knowles Take Off Your Party Dress: when life’s economics at Schiller International working on many transport projects served in the United States Army too busy for breast cancer, published University where he worked with around the world. He died in July in Vietnam, receiving the Bronze in March 2007. An orthodox Jew, much enjoyment until ill health forced 2007, aged 71. Star Medal. He then worked as she was very involved in the Jewish his retirement at the age of 76. a ski patrolman in Colorado and community in North London, where Frankel, William (LLB), editor and Schiller awarded him an honorary France, before returning to his she lived with her second husband barrister. William Frankel’s early post- Doctorate of Humane Letters in home town of Palestine, Texas, Anthony Julius and their combined university career was as a barrister, at 2005 in recognition of the quality of where he worked as a financial family of eight children. She died in the same time serving as European his contribution to education and adviser and held many board October 2007, aged 45. correspondent for the American learning. Tony died on 4 December and voluntary positions, including Jewish Committee. In 1955, he 2007, aged 81.’ chairman of the Texas Department Rirsch, Robert (BSc Economic joined the Jewish Chronicle as History 1977), lecturer and stone of Transportation Aviation Advisory Way-Smith, Susan Jean general manager, and became editor setter. Bob Rirsch came to LSE Board. He was a passionate (MSc Industrial Relations and three years later. He expanded the as a mature student, after many aviator, a boat builder and sailor, a Personnel Management 1987). Her scope and vision of the newspaper, years working in London’s Hatton diver and a marathon runner. He husband, Douglas, writes: ‘After covering many international stories Garden and continental Europe as a died in October 2007, aged 65. LSE, Susan completed a PhD of interest to Jewish readers diamond and precious stone setter. at the Pardee RAND Graduate and revitalising its content using McCowan, Mary (MSc After leaving the School, Bob taught School before embarking on an columnists, humorists and lively Industrial Relations and Personnel in the Sir John Cass College and its illustrious career, during which letters pages. He retired from the Management 1973). After leaving later identities as the City of London she championed many causes. editorship in 1977 but continued LSE, Mary McCowan worked for Polytechnic, London Guildhall She held executive positions to write for the Chronicle, and was the GMB union in its research University and London Metropolitan at BF Goodrich, Ponderosa appointed chairman of its board of department, and then for the University, retiring as a senior lecturer directors in 1991. He was also a British Council as its industrial in 2004. Unusually, he taught both Steak Houses Inc, Copeland special adviser on Jewish and Israeli relations adviser. She then became the discipline of economics, in the Corporation, Allegheny Teledyne, affairs for The Times and author a general duties officer overseas, Business Department, and the craft and she retired as president and of two books, Israel Observed: an running aid programmes and of stone setting, in the School of chief executive officer of the LAEP/ anatomy of the state (1982) and Tea selecting future leaders for training Art, a subject on which he gave Urban Education Partnership in with Einstein and other memories in the UK, in Bombay, Delhi, many international masterclasses Los Angeles. Susan also served (2006). He died in April near his home Lilongwe and Dar es Salaam. From via videolink. He took a leading role on several boards of directors in Washington DC, aged 91. the early 1990s, she held senior in his local branch of the National and advisory boards including positions in the , the Association of Teachers in Further the Pardee RAND Graduate Goldsmith, Rudolph (BCom Overseas Development Agency and Higher Education, and was a School, the University of Southern 1945, BSc Econ 1947). One of and Department for International freeman of both the Goldsmiths’ California’s Rossier School of Karl Popper’s first students and Development, working closely Company and the City of London, Education, the School of Public a leader in market and social with UK cabinet ministers on as well as a keen amateur footballer Policy and Social Research at research, Rudy died in December international development strategy and Arsenal supporter. He died in UCLA, Community Enhancement 2007, aged 82. A full obituary will and on the UN fund for population July 2007, aged 68. Corporation of Los Angeles, appear in the next issue. activities. In 2000, she moved Westchester/Playa Education Spiers, Antony Bernard (BSc Gollan, Professor Robin to Ludlow in Shropshire, where Foundation and the Hugh O’Brian Econ 1956), teacher and author. Allenby (PhD 1951), professor and she held part-time posts at the Youth Foundation. She died in His wife, Hilary, writes: ‘Originally labour historian. After completing his Civil Service Appointments Board June 2007, following a courageous a medical student at UCL, Tony PhD at LSE under the supervision of and on the employment tribunal battle with breast cancer.’ Spiers moved to LSE to foster a Professor Harold Laski, Bob Gollan at Shrewsbury. She died in growing interest in social sciences, returned to his native Australia to take November 2007, aged 63.

I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 45 LSE authors Recent books by LSE academics – more at www.lse.ac.uk

Questions of Business Power and Narrating Political Anthropology Conflict in International Reconciliation: Environmental Politics South Africa’s Truth Editors: Rita Astuti, Jonathan and Reconciliation Parry, Charles Stafford Robert Falkner Commission Berg Publishers Ltd Palgrave Macmillan 384pp £16.99 p/b 240pp £45 h/b Claire Moon Lexington Books In this introduction to the purpose and value of Based on over ten years of research on 182pp £39 h/b anthropology today, individual essays explore international environmental politics, this book birth, death and sexuality, puzzles about the analyses business as an international actor in This book explores the politics and practice of relationship between science and religion, the environmental field, and provides detailed national history writing by looking at the way in questions about the nature of ritual, work, case studies of the protection of the ozone which the Truth and Reconciliation Commission political leadership and genocide, and our layer, the politics of global climate change, and reconstructed South Africa’s apartheid past. Its personal fears and desires. the regulation of agricultural biotechnology. insights shed light on the politics of reconciliation, transitional justice, human rights, and nation Financial Law Civil Liberties building in post-conflict and democratising states. Joanna Benjamin Conor Gearty City Survivors: Oxford University Press Oxford University Press bringing up children 750pp £175 h/b 240pp £50 h/b £18.99 p/b in disadvantaged neighbourhoods Insurance, commercial banking, derivatives, The author examines the key civil liberties of our Anne Power capital markets and asset management are democratic age: the right to vote; the rights to life, converging in practice, but their analysis is and security of the person; the freedoms Policy Press still largely sector based. This book offers a of thought, conscience, expression, association 232pp £21.99 p/b £65 h/b cross-sectoral, functional approach, highlighting and assembly; and the prohibition on torture and Seen through the eyes of parents, mainly anomalies in the different legal treatment of the inhuman and degrading treatment. respective sectors and identifying key trends. mothers, this book tells the story of what it is like to bring up children in troubled city What’s Wrong with neighbourhoods. The author explores the The Development Reader the European Union impact of neighbourhood conditions on family Editors: Sharad Chari, and How to Fix It life and the prospects for those families. Stuart Corbridge Routledge Polity Press The Craftsman 456pp £110 h/b 228pp £45 h/b Richard Sennett

This book brings together 54 key readings on The European Union seems incapable of Allen Lane development history, theory and policy. It shows undertaking economic reforms and defining its 336pp £25 h/b how debates around development have been place in the world. The author argues that more structured by different readings of the roles played open political competition would promote policy This book examines the true meaning of skill in the by markets, empire, nature and difference in the innovation, foster coalitions, provide incentives for ‘skills society’ and argues that pure competition organisation of world affairs. the media to cover developments in Brussels, and is a poor way to achieve quality work. The author enable citizens to identify who governs in the EU. reveals how the past lives of crafts and craftsmen Stalin’s Cold War: Soviet show us ways of working which provide rewarding foreign policy, democracy The Other Invisible alternative ways for people to utilise their talents. and communism in Hand: delivering public Bulgaria, 1941-48 services through choice and competition Governing Finance: Vesselin Dimitrov East Asia’s adoption of Julian Le Grand Palgrave Macmillan international standards 264pp £50 h/b Princeton University Press 208pp £14.95 p/b Andrew Walter In this analysis of Stalin’s policies and actions Cornell University Press in Eastern Europe, the author portrays Stalin’s How can we ensure high quality public services 256pp $35 h/b ambivalence, equivocation, and inconsistencies such as health, education and social care? The as well as his paranoia and brutality. He author argues that, in most situations, appropriately The author examines in detail the quality captures the competing strains of thinking in designed policies that rely on extending choice of compliance with international regulatory Moscow and portrays how local dynamics in and competition among providers have the standards in the key test cases of Indonesia, Bulgaria and the Balkans helped shape the most potential for delivering high quality, efficient, Malaysia, South Korea and Thailand since the diplomacy of the great powers. responsive, and equitable services. Asian financial crisis of 1997 to 1998.

46 I LSE Magazine I Summer 2008 I Books

Alumni books If you are an alumnus/a who has a book coming out, please let us know via www.lse.ac.uk/alumni/books

Fear of Enemies and Controlling IBS the Blair Unbound Collective Action Drug-free Way: a 10-step Anthony Seldon (PhD 1981), plan for symptom relief Ioannis Evrigenis (MSc Peter Snowdon (MSc Political Political Theory 1994) Dr Jeffrey Lackner (Diploma Theory 2001) with Daniel Collings Cambridge University Press, 2008 Social Psychology 1985) Simon & Schuster, 2007 256pp £45 h/b Stewart, Tabori & Chang, 2007 688pp £25 h/b 240pp $17.95 p/b An exploration of what makes individuals with The second volume of the riveting biography of divergent and often conflicting interests join An account of the use of psychology to eliminate Tony Blair. together and act in unison. the symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Aviation Markets: Someday My Prince Reluctant Restraint: studies in competition Will Come the evolution of China’s and regulatory reform nonproliferation policies David Starkie (BSc 1963, MSc Jerramy Fine (MSc Social and practices, 1980-2004 Policy and Planning 2000) Transport Economics 1966) Evan Medeiros (PhD Gotham Books, 2008 Ashgate Publishing, 2008 International Relations 2002) 320pp $25 h/b 246pp £25 p/b­ Stanford University Press, 2007 A hilarious and heartwarming true story about 376pp $65 h/b An exploration of the role of the market and its having the courage to pursue your childhood interplay with the development of economic policy dream no matter how impossible it seems. An examination of how and why Chinese in a dynamic but partly price regulated industry. nonproliferation policies have evolved so substantially since the early 1980s. Mr Langshaw’s Outsourcing and Human Square Piano Resource Management: Uprooted: the shipment an international survey Madeline Goold (LLB 1967) of poor children to Dr Ruth Taplin (PhD Corvo Books, 2008 Canada 1867-1917 Economics 1985) 364pp £11.99 h/b Roy Parker (BSc Sociology Routledge, 2007 A journey through two centuries of musical life 1953, PhD 1961) 244pp £75 h/b via the biography of a now almost forgotten Policy Press, 2008 An assessment of the problems and solutions musical instrument. 376pp £70 h/b of outsourcing, including detailed comparative case studies. The story of the 80,000 children shipped from How We Missed the Britain to Canada following Confederation in 1867. Story: Osama bin Laden, Free Trade Nation: the Taliban, and the consumption, civil hijacking of Afghanistan Bombs, Bullshit and society and commerce Bullets, in Roughly Roy Gutman (MSc in modern Britain That Order International Relations 1968) Professor Frank Trentmann Peter Richards (MSc United States Institute of Peace (BA International History 1988) Press, 2008 International History Oxford University Press, 2008 304pp $26 h/b 1966, PhD 1970) 444pp £25 h/b Athena Press, 2007 An exploration of events and policy missteps 192pp £6.99 p/b An examination of how Free Trade once stood made by the US and others in Afghanistan in for values such as democracy, civil society and the 1980s and 1990s. A memoir charting one man’s personal and international justice. political development during World War II.

The Ancient Spirituality Northern Soul: of the Modern Maya Secured Lending in music, drugs and Eastern Europe Thomas Hart (BSc Social subcultural identity Psychology 1985) Jan-Hendrik Roever Andrew Wilson (PhD University of New Mexico (LLM 1993) Sociology 1999) Press, 2008 Oxford University Press, 2007 Willan Publishing, 2007 286pp $39.95 h/b 416pp £115 h/b 232pp £42 h/b

An exploration of the enduring spiritual A comparitive study of central and eastern A vivid historical ethnography of the 1970s worldview of the Maya. European secured transactions laws. northern soul scene in England.

I Summer 2008 I LSE Magazine I 47